Wood-free paper - Knowledge

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natural form, it gives rigidity and resilience to the tree, but its presence causes paper to weaken and turn yellow as it ages and eventually disintegrate. The reason for this is that as the paper ages, lignin releases acid which degrades the paper. Wood is technically a lignocellulosic material and a xylem tissue that comes from shrubs and cambium, the inner bark of trees made up of extractives, lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose. Pulp consists of wood and other lignocellulosic materials that have been broken down chemically and physically and filtered and mixed in water to reform into a web. Creating pulp by breaking down the materials chemically is called chemical pulping, while creating pulp by breaking them down mechanically is called mechanical pulping.

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high stiffness, high bulk, and high yield. Mechanical pulp has low strength because the lignin interferes with hydrogen bonding between wood fibers. The lignin also makes the pulp turn yellow when exposed to light and air. Mechanical pulps are used in the production of non-permanent papers such as newsprint and catalog papers. Mechanical pulps made up 20% to 25% of the world production and this is increasing because of the high yield of the process and increasing competition for fiber resources. Advances in technology have also made mechanical pulp increasingly desirable.

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the lignin that interferes with hydrogen bonding of wood fibers has been removed. Chemical pulps are used to create wood free paper that is of high quality and lasts long, such as is used in arts and archiving. Chemical pulping processes take place at high pressures and temperatures under aqueous alkaline, neutral or acidic conditions, with the goal of totally removing the lignin and preserving the carbohydrates. Normally, about 90% of the lignin is removed.

6468: 32: 6478: 178: 120: 73: 450:: One of the key advantages of wood-free paper is its ability to reduce the demand for wood pulp derived from trees. This conservation of forests persevering valuable ecosystems and biodiversity. Wood-free paper production significantly contributes to the conservation of forests by reducing deforestation and protecting natural habitats. 398:

This is made from 100% cotton fibers, making it one of the most luxurious and expensive types of paper. It is known for its strength, durability, and high opacity. Cotton paper is often used for high-end printing and writing applications, as well as for greeting cards, stationery, and other special

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Tissue pulp paper is smooth and opaque, making it ideal for printing and writing. It is also relatively inexpensive, making it a popular choice for many applications. Non-wood pulp paper is more expensive than tissue pulp paper, but it is also more durable and has a higher quality. It is often used

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Mechanical pulping, in contrast, converts raw wood into pulp without separating the lignin from the wood fiber. No chemicals other than water or steam are used. The yield is about 90% to 98%. High yields result from the fact that lignin is retained. Mechanical pulps are characterized by low cost,

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In chemical pulping, chemicals separate the wood fibers. The chemicals lower the lignin content because chemical action solubilizes and degrades components of wood fibers, especially hemicelluloses and lignin. Chemical pulping yields single unbroken fibers that produce strong quality papers because

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However, wood free paper does not mean that the paper in question is not made from wood pulp but it means that the lignin in the wood fiber has been removed by a chemical process. Paradoxically, lignin is the complex polymers containing aromatic groups that provide much of the tree strength. In its

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during processing, whereas mechanical pulp retains most of its wood components and can therefore still be described as wood. Wood-free paper is not as susceptible to yellowing as paper containing mechanical pulp. Wood-free paper offers several environmental and economic benefits, including reduced

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There are two main types of woodfree paper: uncoated and coated. Uncoated woodfree paper is typically used for printing and writing. It is also used in some packaging applications. Coated woodfree paper is used for packaging, labels, and other applications where a more durable paper is

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Harvesting: The timing of hemp harvest depends on the intended use. For fiber production, the plants are typically harvested before flowering. For seed production, they are left to mature longer. For cannabinoids, the harvest occurs when the plants have reached the desired cannabinoid

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the use of wood-loose paper aligns with global sustainability dreams, together with the ones outlined within the United Nations Sustainable Improvement Goals (SDGs). It contributes to desires related to accountable consumption and production (SDG 12) and existence on land (SDG

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wooden-loose paper generally has a decreased environmental effect as compared to standard wood-based total paper. The manufacturing system emits fewer greenhouse gases, consumes less strength, and requires less water. Additionally, it frequently includes fewer chemical

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Dobson, Andrew P.; Pimm, Stuart L.; Hannah, Lee; Kaufman, Les; Ahumada, Jorge A.; Ando, Amy W.; Bernstein, Aaron; Busch, Jonah; Daszak, Peter; Engelmann, Jens; Kinnaird, Margaret F.; Li, Binbin V.; Loch-Temzelides, Ted; Lovejoy, Thomas; Nowak, Katarzyna (2020-07-24).

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depending completely on timber pulp can result in overexploitation of unique tree species and wooded area ecosystems. Incorporating alternative fibers diversifies the assets of uncooked materials for the paper industry, decreasing strain on precise varieties of

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Species: There are about 50 species of cotton plants, but only a few are cultivated for commercial purposes. The most common species used in commercial cotton production are Gossypium hirsutism (Upland cotton) and Gossypium barbadense (Pima or Egyptian

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wood-free paper manufacturing often requires much less electricity compared to conventional timber-based totally papertmanufacTuring. this is because the processing of opportunity fibers normally entails fewer steps and mucnergy-in-ergy-in depth

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The cultivation of opportunity fiber crops for paper manufacturing encourages sustainable agricultural practices. although vegetation frequently requires fewer insecticides and fertilizers as compared to traditional crops, lowering environmental

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Cannabinoids (CBD and THC): Some varieties of hemp are bred for their cannabinoid content. Cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are two of the most well-known cannabinoids. Hemp-derived CBD is used in various wellness and medicinal

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This is made from bamboo fibers, which are renewable and sustainable. Bamboo paper is also strong and durable, and it has a smooth, matte finish. It is often used for packaging, as well as for greeting cards, stationery, and other special

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Hemp, scientifically known as Cannabis sativa, is a versatile plant that has been cultivated for thousands of years for various purposes, including fiber, food, medicine, and industrial applications. Here's a detailed overview of hemp:

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This is made from hemp fibers, which are strong and durable. Hemp paper is also biodegradable and recyclable, making it a sustainable choice. It is often used for packaging, as well as for greeting cards, stationery, and other special

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The manufacturing of timber-free paper using agricultural residues can create economic possibilities for rural communities. This will lead to improved livelihoods and sustainable improvement in areas where these resources are

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Wood-free papers come in two varieties: uncoated and coated. Uncoated is typically used for printing and writing but also used in some packaging applications, whereas coated is used for things such as packaging and labels.

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Wood-free paper is made from non-wood materials, such as cotton, hemp, linen, and bamboo. It is often used in applications where a high-quality, durable paper is needed, such as for printing, writing, and packaging.

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Kriaučiūnienė, Zita; Čepulienė, Rita; Velička, Rimantas; Marcinkevičienė, Aušra; Lekavičienė, Kristina; Šarauskis, Egidijus (2018), "Oilseed Rape Crop Residues: Decomposition, Properties and Allelopathic Effects",

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Bajpai, Pratima (2015), "The Control of Microbiological Problems∗∗Some excerpts taken from Bajpai P (2012). Biotechnology for Pulp and Paper Processing with kind permission from Springer Science1Business Media.",

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This varies greatly depending on the type of residue, climate, and storage conditions. Some residues are relatively dry (e.g., straw), while others may have a higher moisture content (e.g., green crop residues).

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Tissue pulp: This is the most common type of wood-free paper. It is made from wood pulp that has been treated with chemicals to remove the lignin. Lignin is the natural adhesive that holds wood fibers together.

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Cotton is a natural fiber that has been used for thousands of years to make textiles. It is derived from the fibers surrounding the seeds of the cotton plant (Gossypium). Here's a detailed overview of cotton:

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Writing and printing papers: Wood-free paper is the most common type of paper used for writing and printing. It is available in a variety of weights and finishes, making it ideal for a variety of applications

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Pest and Disease Management: While hemp is generally considered a hardy plant, it can still be susceptible to certain pests and diseases. Integrated pest management (IPM) practices are used to address these

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or other primary products. They are a significant component of agricultural ecosystems and have various potential uses, both beneficial and detrimental. Here's a detailed overview of agricultural residues:

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They contain a range of essential nutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients. However, the nutrient content varies depending on the type of residue and the plant it comes from.

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Wooden-free paper can be made from agricultural residues like wheat straw, rice straw, and bagasse. Making use of those by-products of agriculture reduces waste and presents an extra source of revenue for

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The demand for environmentally sustainable products, including wood-free paper, is on the rise. This presents economic opportunities for businesses that choose to invest in and produce eco-friendly paper

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Art and photography papers: Wood-free paper is the most common type of paper used for art and photography. It is available in a variety of weights and finishes, making it ideal for a variety of projects.

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The rate at which agricultural residues decompose depends on their chemical composition. For example, lignin-rich materials like wood take longer to break down compared to cellulose-rich materials like

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Agricultural residues refer to the organic materials that are left over after crops are harvested. These residues include the stems, leaves, husks, and other parts of plants that are not used for

286:. The term Wood-free paper can be rather misleading or confusing for someone unfamiliar with the papermaking process because paper is normally made from wood pulp derived from trees and shrubs. 462:

The use of alternative fibers in timber-loose paper reduces the stress on forests, minimizing the need for big-scale deforestation. This helps protect touchy and ecologically valuable regions.

5045:"Assessing the effects of different agro-residue as substrates on growth cycle and yield of Grifola frondosa and statistical optimization of substrate components using simplex-lattice design" 928:

Flowering: Depending on the variety and purpose of cultivation, hemp plants can flower in as little as 60–90 days. The flowers of female plants are the primary site of cannabinoid production.

3740:"Management practices of antecedent leguminous and non-leguminous crop residues in relation to winter wheat yields, nitrogen uptake, soil nitrogen mineralization and simple nitrogen balance" 856:

Pesticide Use: Cotton is susceptible to pests, and conventional farming often involves the use of pesticides. Sustainable and organic cotton production methods aim to reduce chemical inputs.

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Crop Uniformity: Hemp crops can show a wide range of genetic diversity, which can lead to variability in desired traits. Selective breeding and genetic techniques are used to address this.

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wooden-unfastened paper is often crafted from recycled materials. This supports recycling projects and reduces the demand for brand new raw materials. moreover, it emitted from landfills.

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Staple Length: The length of cotton fibers, known as the staple length, varies depending on the cotton variety. Longer staple lengths are typically associated with higher-quality cotton.

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Wood-free paper is a good choice for applications where a high-quality, durable paper is needed. It is also a sustainable choice, as it is made from renewable and recyclable materials.

3157:"Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization with crop residue retention enhances crop productivity, soil organic carbon, and total soil nitrogen concentrations in sandy-loam soils in Ghana" 1601:"Book Reviews : Adebayo Adedeji (ed.), South Africa and Africa: Within or Apart'? (London: Zed Books and Cape town: SADRI Books, 1996), xiii, 258 pp. Cloth $ 55.00, paper $ 19.95" 316:

Coniferous pulp: This is a type of wood pulp that is made from coniferous trees, such as pine and fir. It is strong and durable, making it ideal for use in writing and printing papers.

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utilizing agricultural residues for paper manufacturing can enhance soil fitness by returning organic count to the soil. this may lead to better fertility and a normal soil structure.

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Seeds: Hemp seeds are rich in protein, healthy fats, and various nutrients. They are used in food products like hemp oil, hemp milk, protein powders, and as a whole food ingredient.

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Genetic Modification: Some varieties of cotton are genetically modified (GM) to resist pests or tolerate specific environmental conditions. This has both benefits and controversies.

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Non-wood pulp: This is a type of pulp that is made from non-wood materials, such as cotton, hemp, and linen. It is often used in high-quality papers, such as those used for art and

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Planting: Hemp seeds are typically sown directly in the field. The spacing between plants depends on the specific variety and intended use (fiber, seed, or cannabinoid production).

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They are primarily composed of organic compounds such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and various other polysaccharides. These materials provide structural support to plants.

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Balsa pulp: This is a type of wood pulp that is made from balsa trees. It is very strong and lightweight, making it ideal for use in envelopes and other lightweight applications.

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Linen paper: This is made from linen fibers, which are also strong and durable. Linen paper has a natural sheen and is often used for high-end printing and writing applications.

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Envelopes: Wood-free paper is the most common type of paper used for envelopes. It is available in a variety of colors and finishes, making it ideal for a variety of occasions.

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Seed Formation: In some varieties, female plants produce seeds after pollination. These seeds can be harvested and used for various purposes, including food and oil production.

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Fiber: Hemp fibers are known for their strength and durability. They can be used to make a wide range of products including textiles, ropes, paper, and construction materials.

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Thapa, Resham; Tully, Katherine L; Cabrera, Miguel; Dann, Carson; Schomberg, Harry H.; Timlin, Dennis; Gaskin, Julia; Reberg-Horton, Chris; Mirsky, Steven B. (October 2021).

4423:"Managing crop residues, fertilizers and leaf litters to improve soil C, nutrient balances, and the grain yield of rice and wheat cropping systems in Thailand and Australia" 968:

Regulatory Environment: The legal status of hemp varies by country and region. Many places have strict regulations around cultivation due to its association with cannabis.

3110:"Role of manures and crop residue in alleviating soil fertility constraints to crop production: With special reference to the Sahelian and Sudanian zones of West Africa" 971:

Pollination: For some purposes (such as cannabinoid production), preventing male plants from pollinating female plants is essential to maintain high cannabinoid content.

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Water Usage: Cotton cultivation can be water-intensive, particularly in arid regions. Efficient irrigation practices and water-saving technologies are being implemented.

3319:"Characterizing nitrogen use efficiency in natural and agricultural ecosystems to improve the performance of cereal crops in low-input and organic agricultural systems" 787:

Pest Management: Cotton plants are susceptible to various pests and diseases. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices are often employed to minimize chemical inputs.

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Stems and Leaves: These are typically the above-ground portions of plants that remain after harvest. They are composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.

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Seed Products: Cotton seeds are crushed to extract oil, which is used in cooking and various industrial applications. The remaining seed meal is used in animal feed.

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They are valuable components in composting operations, providing carbon-rich material that balances the nitrogen-rich materials (like green plant matter and manure).

3704:, ASA Special Publications, Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, pp. 147–163, 5157:, ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Books, Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, pp. 663–673–1, 422: 630:

Agricultural residues are commonly used to improve soil structure, moisture retention, and nutrient content. They act as organic matter, enhancing soil fertility.

130: 4295:"Stability, nutrient availability and hydrophobicity of biochars derived from manure, crop residues, and municipal solid waste for their use as soil amendments" 900:

Soil: Well-draining, loamy soils with good fertility are ideal for hemp cultivation. Hemp can also grow in various soil types, including sandy and clayey soils.

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Industrial Applications: Hemp can be used to make a wide range of industrial products including biofuels, biodegradable plastics, building materials, and more.

4896:"Smallholder conservation farming in the tropics and sub-tropics: a guide to the development and dissemination of mulching with crop residues and cover crops" 5474:, Agronomy Monographs, Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, pp. 341–364–3, 4570:

Mumtaz, Mehvish; Baqar, Zulqarnain; Hussain, Nazim; Afifa; Bilal, Muhammad; Azam, Hafiz Muhammad Husnain; Baqir, Qurat-ul-ain; Iqbal, Hafiz M.N. (May 2022).

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Harvesting: Cotton bolls mature and split open, revealing the cotton fibers. Harvesting involves mechanically picking the cotton or, in some cases, by hand.

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Flowering: Cotton plants produce large, showy flowers that are usually white or cream-colored. Each flower produces a cotton boll, which contains the seeds.

4572:"Application of nanomaterials for enhanced production of biodiesel, biooil, biogas, bioethanol, and biohydrogen via lignocellulosic biomass transformation" 897:

Climate: Hemp is a robust plant that can grow in a wide range of climates. It is adaptable and can thrive in temperate, subtropical, and tropical climates.

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Germination and Growth: Hemp seeds germinate in warm soil. The plant grows into a tall, upright stem with multiple branches. It is a fast-growing plant.

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Straw and other crop residues can be used as bedding for livestock. This provides a comfortable and clean environment, reducing the risk of diseases.

4799:"No-tillage, crop residue additions, and legume cover cropping effects on soil quality characteristics under maize in Patzcuaro watershed (Mexico)" 310:

Tissue pulp: This is the most common type of wood-free paper. It is made from wood pulp that has been treated with chemicals to remove the lignin.

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Germination and Growth: Cotton seeds germinate in warm soil. The plants grow into bushes with multiple branches, and flowers emerge at the nodes.

141: 4350:"Chemical, physical and morphological properties of biochars produced from agricultural residues: Implications for their use as soil amendment" 887:

Species: Cannabis sativa is one of several species within the Cannabis genus. There are also subspecies, such as Cannabis sativa subsp. indica.

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Boll Formation: After fertilization, the flower wilts, and the ovary enlarges to form a boll. Inside the boll, fibers develop around the seeds.

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Wang, Shuang; Zhao, Shuang; Uzoejinwa, Benjamin Bernard; Zheng, Anqing; Wang, Qingyuan; Huang, Jin; Abomohra, Abd El-Fatah (October 2020).

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Sawarkar, Ankush D.; Shrimankar, Deepti D.; Kumar, Ajay; Kumar, Aman; Singh, Ekta; Singh, Lal; Kumar, Sunil; Kumar, Rakesh (October 2020).

4173:, Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, pp. 101–129, 331:

It is more resistant to yellowing. This is because the lignin, which is the main cause of paper yellowing, has been removed from the pulp.

5510:"Short-term yield gains or long-term sustainability? – a synthesis of Conservation Agriculture long-term experiments in Southern Africa" 334:

It is stronger. This is because the cellulose fibers in wood-free paper are longer and more uniform than the fibers in mechanical pulp.

5008:"Production of Ligninolytic Enzymes by Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.:Fr.) P. Kumm. Under Different Nutritional Conditions" 816:

Chemical Composition: Cotton fibers are primarily composed of cellulose, a complex carbohydrate that provides strength and flexibility.

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Song, Bing; Ye, Jianqiang; Sossah, Frederick Leo; Li, Changtian; Li, Dan; Meng, Lingsi; Xu, Shuai; Fu, Yongping; Li, Yu (2018-03-23).

90: 5423:"Review of the technology for high-yielding and efficient cotton cultivation in the northwest inland cotton-growing region of China" 2468:

Kumar, Rajnish; Zambrano, Franklin; Peszlen, Ilona; Venditti, Richard; Pawlak, Joel; Jameel, Hasan; Gonzalez, Ronalds (2022-06-28).

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Climate: Cotton is primarily grown in regions with a warm climate. It requires a frost-free growing season of about 160 to 200 days.

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It is smoother. This is because the surface of wood-free paper is smoother than the surface of paper that contains mechanical pulp.

4676:"Tree-Seedling Compost as a Component in Sphagnum Peat-Based Growing Media for Conifer Seedlings: Physical and Chemical Properties" 4010:"The organic matter composition of various wastewater sludges and their neutral detergent fractions as revealed by pyrolysis-GC/MS" 2923:"Comparative analysis of environmental impacts of agricultural production systems, agricultural input efficiency, and food choice" 951:

Hemp Oil: Hemp seeds can be cold-pressed to extract oil, which is used in cooking, skincare products, and industrial applications.

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Dung and Urine: Manure from livestock contains organic matter and nutrients that can be used as a soil conditioner or fertilizer.

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Campos, Paloma; Miller, Ana Z.; Knicker, Heike; Costa-Pereira, Manuel F.; Merino, Agustín; De la Rosa, José María (March 2020).

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Non-wood pulp: This is a type of wood-free paper that is made from non-wood materials, such as cotton, hemp, linen, and bamboo.

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Other applications: Wood-free paper is also used in a variety of other applications, such as packaging, labels, and currency

2515: 4943:"Bioconversion of rice straw agro-residues by Lentinula edodes and evaluation of non-volatile taste compounds in mushrooms" 1098: 717:

Handling and transporting large quantities of agricultural residues can be logistically challenging due to their bulkiness.

6502: 2980:"Improving rice production sustainability by reducing water demand and greenhouse gas emissions with biodegradable films" 776:

Planting: Cotton seeds are planted in rows, and the plants are spaced out to allow for proper growth and air circulation.

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Textiles: Cotton is used to produce a wide range of textile products including clothing, linens, towels, and upholstery.

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Leaving residues on the field can have both positive (soil protection, organic matter addition) and negative (pest and

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Depending on the type of residue, there may be an imbalance in the nutrient content, which may require supplementation.

4470:"A state-of-the-art review on dual purpose seaweeds utilization for wastewater treatment and crude bio-oil production" 909:

Irrigation: Hemp requires regular watering, especially during dry spells, but it can also tolerate drought conditions.

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1316:"The effect of microfibrillated cellulose addition on drying shrinkage and dimensional stability of wood-free paper" 6373: 6368: 45: 843:

Nonwoven Fabrics: Cotton fibers are also used in nonwoven applications like medical dressings, wipes, and filters.

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Noack, Sarah R.; McLaughlin, Mike J.; Smernik, Ronald J.; McBeath, Therese M.; Armstrong, Roger D. (2012-03-27).

2470:"High-performance sustainable tissue paper from agricultural residue: a case study on fique fibers from Colombia" 822:

Cotton fibers are soft, breathable, and absorbent, making them suitable for a wide range of textile applications.

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Record of Conference Papers Industry Applications Society 52nd Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference

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If not managed properly, burning or improper disposal of residues can lead to air pollution and contribute to

6517: 6292: 4627:"Crop yield forecasting of paddy, sugarcane and wheat through linear regression technique for south Gujarat" 1796:

Coppola, Floriana; Fiorillo, Flavia; Modelli, Alberto; Montanari, Matteo; Vandini, Mariangela (April 2018).

5614:"A review of factors that influence the production of quality seed for long-term conservation in genebanks" 3512:"Effects of plant residues on crop performance, N mineralisation and microbial activity including field CO 564:

Husks and Straws: These are the protective coverings of seeds and grains, like rice husks and wheat straw.

5943: 3963:"The macromolecular organic composition of plant and microbial residues as inputs to soil organic matter" 3575:"Survival of Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola on crop debris of oilseed rape and cabbage" 2978:

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that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.

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989: 200: 1837:"Permanence of wood-free paper I: Paper-making additives in naturally degraded wood-free papers" 1016:"Impact of High-Yield Pulp Substitution on the Brightness Stability of Uncoated Wood-Free Paper" 6522: 6481: 6267: 5235:"Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from municipal solid waste management in Depok, Indonesia" 5150: 782:

Fertilization: Depending on the soil's nutrient content, supplementary fertilizers may be used.

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Feng, Lu; Dai, Jianlong; Tian, Liwen; Zhang, Huijun; Li, Weijiang; Dong, Hezhong (July 2017).

5162: 6186: 5911: 5796: 3653:"Crop Residues as Potential Sustainable Precursors for Developing Silica Materials: A Review" 6297: 6055: 5578: 5521: 5434: 5303: 5246: 5115: 4954: 4907: 4810: 4583: 4536: 4481: 4434: 4361: 4306: 4216: 4123: 4068: 4021: 3974: 3798: 3751: 3531: 3468: 3330: 3226: 3168: 3056: 2991: 2934: 2869: 2821: 2774: 2421:

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An investigation of the factors affecting dot gain on sheet-fed offset lithography presses

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It is more durable. This is because wood-free paper is less likely to tear or crease.

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Zornoza, R.; Moreno-Barriga, F.; Acosta, J.A.; Muñoz, M.A.; Faz, A. (February 2016).

4268: 4234: 4182: 4151: 4139: 4084: 4037: 3990: 3943: 3904: 3863: 3814: 3767: 3713: 3684: 3672: 3633: 3594: 3547: 3496: 3484: 3430: 3394: 3380: 3346: 3299: 3262: 3250: 3242: 3196: 3184: 3129: 3094: 3082: 3074: 3025: 3007: 2952: 2907: 2895: 2887: 2837: 2790: 2702: 2650: 2638: 2570: 2501: 2489: 2454: 2442: 2395: 2346: 2304: 2261: 2214: 2202: 2155: 2116: 2108: 2062: 2002: 1959: 1913: 1866: 1817: 1769: 1750: 1719: 1667: 1632: 1620: 1572: 1539: 1492: 1484: 1449: 1437: 1429: 1382: 1347: 1335: 1222: 1191: 1179: 1169: 1071: 1037: 984: 327:

Wood-free paper has a number of advantages over paper that contains mechanical pulp:

4687: 4524: 4469: 4229: 4208: 4112:"Moisture Content in Forest Residues: an Insight on Sampling Methods and Procedures" 3899: 3882: 3826: 3559: 3141: 3069: 3044: 2762: 2407: 2273: 1925: 1878: 1681: 1504: 1363:"Spruce bark as an industrial source of condensed tannins and non-cellulosic sugars" 1085: 770:

Soil: Well-draining loam soils with good fertility are ideal for cotton cultivation.

456:: Another key advantage of wood-free paper is its lesser likelihood to warp or curl. 6443: 6302: 6140: 5948: 5918: 5711: 5625: 5586: 5529: 5475: 5469: 5442: 5388: 5346: 5311: 5292:"Greenhouse effect reduction by recovering energy from waste landfills in Pakistan" 5254: 5200: 5158: 5123: 5103: 5074: 5056: 5015: 4978: 4962: 4915: 4895: 4853: 4818: 4798: 4761: 4722: 4683: 4638: 4591: 4548: 4544: 4493: 4489: 4442: 4422: 4377: 4369: 4314: 4260: 4224: 4174: 4131: 4096: 4076: 4057:"Depletion of 13C in lignin and its implications for stable carbon isotope studies" 4029: 3982: 3962: 3935: 3894: 3853: 3806: 3787:"Interactions between decomposition of plant residues and nitrogen cycling in soil" 3759: 3739: 3705: 3664: 3625: 3586: 3539: 3476: 3422: 3372: 3338: 3289: 3234: 3176: 3121: 3064: 3015: 2999: 2964: 2942: 2877: 2829: 2786: 2782: 2694: 2630: 2618: 2597: 2560: 2481: 2434: 2387: 2360: 2338: 2296: 2253: 2194: 2147: 2135: 2100: 2088: 2054: 2025: 1992: 1951: 1905: 1856: 1809: 1742: 1711: 1699: 1657: 1612: 1564: 1531: 1476: 1421: 1374: 1362: 1327: 1214: 1161: 1061: 1027: 283: 5566: 5479: 5380: 4525:"Biofuels sources, biofuel policy, biofuel economy and global biofuel projections" 4349: 3414: 3214: 2634: 2376:"Non-Wood Fiber as an Alternative to Wood Fiber in Chinas Pulp and Paper Industry" 2151: 2104: 1401: 1378: 6453: 6337: 6322: 6277: 6196: 6120: 6060: 6045: 5886: 5826: 5776: 5724: 5719: 5392: 5259: 5234: 5192: 4373: 4254: 3426: 3238: 2330: 2288: 1738: 1425: 1206: 994: 274: 258: 20: 5291: 5204: 4942: 4571: 4264: 4009: 3652: 3364: 2686: 2469: 2342: 2300: 2174: 1746: 1600: 1218: 1106: 6507: 6471: 6428: 6115: 6080: 5856: 5831: 5766: 5663: 5613: 5534: 5509: 5422: 5338: 5315: 4966: 4710: 4643: 4626: 4595: 4111: 4033: 3668: 3456: 3376: 3318: 3156: 2947: 2922: 2698: 2485: 2198: 1893: 1616: 1520:"Using multivariate techniques for developing contractor classification models" 1519: 1314:

Manninen, Marjo; Kajanto, Isko; Happonen, Juha; Paltakari, Jouni (2011-08-01).

1153: 5928: 5629: 5446: 5350: 5061: 4845: 4766: 4749: 4726: 4674:

Veijalainen, A.-M.; Heiskanen, J.; Juntunen, M.-L.; Lilja, A. (January 2008).

4135: 3480: 3342: 3294: 3277: 3180: 3155:

Naab, J. B.; Mahama, G. Y.; Koo, J.; Jones, J. W.; Boote, K. J. (2015-01-28).

2374:

Hammett, A. L.; Youngs, Robert L.; Sun, Xiufang; Chandra, Mudit (2001-02-21).

2030: 1909: 1894:"Yellowing of Newspaper after Deacidification with Methyl Magnesium Carbonate" 1535: 1165: 825:

They have good dye affinity, allowing for a wide range of colors and finishes.

567:

Roots: After harvest, the roots of some plants may also be left in the ground.

6496: 6317: 6307: 6224: 6110: 6100: 6070: 6035: 5998: 5933: 5901: 5866: 5637: 5598: 5543: 5454: 5323: 5268: 5135: 5070: 5029: 4974: 4927: 4857: 4830: 4775: 4734: 4695: 4652: 4603: 4556: 4501: 4454: 4391: 4326: 4238: 4166: 4143: 4088: 4041: 3994: 3947: 3908: 3867: 3818: 3771: 3699: 3676: 3637: 3598: 3551: 3488: 3350: 3303: 3246: 3188: 3133: 3078: 3011: 2956: 2891: 2841: 2810:"The role of plantations in managing the world's forests in the Anthropocene" 2794: 2642: 2602: 2589: 2574: 2493: 2446: 2422: 2399: 2265: 2206: 2159: 2112: 2006: 1943: 1917: 1870: 1821: 1723: 1624: 1543: 1488: 1433: 1402:"Waste paper: An underutilized but promising source for nanocellulose mining" 1386: 1339: 1183: 1041: 1014:

He, Zhibin; Hui, Lanfeng; Liu, Zhong; Ni, Yonghao; Zhou, Yajun (2010-04-01).

279: 254: 4251: 4178: 3881:

Fuentes, Bárbara; Bolan, Nanthi; Naidu, Ravi; Mora, María de la Luz (2006).

3709: 2882: 2857: 2438: 1955: 6433: 6332: 6249: 6206: 6105: 6015: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5923: 5891: 5871: 5846: 5088: 4992: 4399: 4334: 4259:, vol. 32, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 169–205, 3254: 3215:"Agricultural waste management strategies for environmental sustainability" 3086: 3045:"A new circular business model typology for creating value from agro-waste" 3029: 2899: 2120: 1997: 1980: 1558: 1496: 1441: 779:

Irrigation: Cotton requires regular watering, especially during dry spells.

642:, bioethanol, and bio-oil. This contributes to renewable energy production. 3923: 2173:

Rogers, John Geoffrey; Cooper, Samuel J.; Norman, Jon B. (November 2018).

1568: 382:

for high-end printing and writing applications, as well as for packaging.

6448: 6413: 6408: 6327: 6090: 6075: 6020: 6010: 5993: 5973: 5958: 5851: 5801: 5701: 3939: 3276:

Sadh, Pardeep Kumar; Duhan, Surekha; Duhan, Joginder Singh (2018-01-02).

2375: 1556: 666:

Cover crops and crop residues left on the field surface can help prevent

320: 5938: 4750:"Managing Solid Waste In School Environment Through Composting Approach" 4382: 4167:"Factors Affecting the Decomposition of Crop Residues by Microorganisms" 3786: 3109: 2391: 6385: 6312: 6234: 6191: 6165: 6155: 6085: 6065: 6040: 6005: 5968: 5881: 5861: 3858: 3841: 3810: 3613: 3419:

Genetic Engineering, Biofertilisation, Soil Quality and Organic Farming

3125: 2979: 2565: 2548: 1861: 1836: 1464: 726: 4056: 3842:"Transformation of Biomass Waste into Sustainable Organic Fertilizers" 3629: 3003: 2594:

The Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork

2087:

Keijsers, Edwin R.P.; Yılmaz, Gülden; van Dam, Jan E.G. (March 2013).

1480: 1032: 1015: 404: 6423: 6181: 6145: 6125: 6095: 6030: 6025: 5876: 4080: 5151:"Nitrogen Management to Minimize Adverse Effects on the Environment" 3457:"Crop residue phosphorus: speciation and potential bio-availability" 2809: 1400:

Kumar, Varun; Pathak, Puneet; Bhardwaj, Nishi Kant (February 2020).

1360: 6438: 6282: 6272: 6229: 5953: 5387:, Ethnobiology, New York, NY: Springer New York, pp. 439–456, 3317:

Dawson, Julie C.; Huggins, David R.; Jones, Stephen S. (May 2008).

2833: 306:

Wood-free paper is made from a variety of raw materials, including

262: 1981:"Mass yield of biochar from hydrothermal carbonization of sucrose" 6201: 5746: 5740: 5612:

Kameswara Rao, N.; Dulloo, M. E.; Engels, J. M. M. (2016-07-11).

4673: 3213:

Koul, Bhupendra; Yakoob, Mohammad; Shah, Maulin P. (April 2022).

706: 679: 5471:

Dryland Agriculture in Mexico and the U.S. Southern Great Plains

4347: 4292: 3614:"The nitrogen economy of broadacre lupin in southwest Australia" 2420: 1313: 4625:

KUMAR, NEERAJ; PISAL, RR; SHUKLA, SP; PANDEY, KK (2014-07-01).

2547:

Manaia, João P.; Manaia, Ana T.; Rodriges, Lúcia (2019-12-02).

2328: 2051:

Assessing and Measuring Environmental Impact and Sustainability

1795: 1295:

J.C. Roberts, The Chemistry of Paper, 1st edn., Cambridge, 1996

639: 270: 3043:

Donner, Mechthild; Gohier, Romane; de Vries, Hugo (May 2020).

2619:"Commercial clustering of sustainable bamboo species in India" 6135: 6130: 5836: 5686: 5467: 3454: 2423:"Non-wood fibers as raw material for pulp and paper industry" 2293:

Green Chemistry and Sustainability in Pulp and Paper Industry

1247: 441: 250: 2763:"Rule of Law and Avoided Deforestation from Protected Areas" 2616: 2467: 5565:

Wetselaar, R.; Jakobsen, P.; Chaplin, G.R. (January 1973).

5233:

Kristanto, Gabriel Andari; Koven, William (December 2019).

5199:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 23–47, 4420: 4008:

Parnaudeau, Virginie; Dignac, Marie-France (January 2007).

3924:"Composting for Feedlot Manure Management and Soil Quality" 2516:"Indian Startup Makes Tree-Free Paper That Saves Water Too" 2295:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 11–39, 667: 581: 545: 266: 131:

personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay

5190: 3785:

Mary, B.; Recous, S.; Darwis, D.; Robin, D. (April 1996).

3510:

Vinther, F.P.; Hansen, E.M.; Olesen, J.E. (October 2004).

2679: 2329:

Griffith, T.; D'Alleva, G.; Lockley, B.; Wood, B. (2005).

5611: 5468:

Louis Baumhardt, R.; Salinas-Garcia, Jaime (2015-10-26),

2136:"Optimisation of wheat straw Triticum drum kraft pulping" 385:

Here are some of the specific types of wood-free papers:

5655: 5567:"Nitrogen balance in crop systems in tropical Australia" 5564: 5508:

Thierfelder, Christian; Mhlanga, Blessing (March 2022).

5104:"Nutrient balance patterns in African livestock systems" 4747: 4054: 3698:

Cook, R. J.; Boosalis, M. G.; Doupnik, B. (2015-10-26),

3365:"Agriculture, Agricultural Policies and the Environment" 2289:"Basic Overview of Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Process" 1557:

American Institute of Timber Construction (2012-07-16).

5197:

Modern Age Environmental Problems and their Remediation

4846:"Cover Crops Effects on Soil Erosion and Water Quality" 4569: 3415:"Beneficial Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture" 2854: 2373: 1700:"BASF sells Intertech & Pira to the Smithers group" 1465:"Application of Enzymes in the Pulp and Paper Industry" 1309: 1307: 1305: 1303: 1301: 1207:"Brief Description of the Pulp and Papermaking Process" 709:

carryover) consequences, depending on how it's managed.

5343:

Properties and Performance of Natural-Fibre Composites

4624: 4467: 3651:

Setiawan, Wahyu Kamal; Chiang, Kung-Yuh (2020-06-20).

1524:

Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management

678:

Certain agricultural residues, such as rice straw and

534: 344:

Wood-free paper is used in a variety of applications:

5379:

Wegier, Ana; Alavez, Valeria; Piñero, Daniel (2016),

4708: 4206: 3880: 3784: 3371:, WORLD SCIENTIFIC, pp. 265–287, December 2009, 2808:

Paquette, Alain; Messier, Christian (February 2010).

2134:

Deniz, İlhan; Kırcı, Hüseyin; Ates, Saim (May 2004).

2086: 3839: 3042: 2546: 1978: 1298: 5290:Zuberi, M. Jibran S.; Ali, Shazia F. (April 2015). 3887:

Revista de la ciencia del suelo y nutrición vegetal

3840:Chew; Chia; Yen; Nomanbhay; Ho; Show (2019-04-15). 3697: 3611: 3509: 2227: 1979:Velebil, J.; Malaťák, J.; Bradna, J. (2016-12-31). 1518:Wong, C.H.; Nicholas, J.; Holt, G.D. (2003-04-01). 1399: 834: 638:Residues can be processed to produce biofuels like 5507: 5378: 3316: 3154: 2228:Clarke, CRE; Palmer, B; Gounden, D (August 2008). 2172: 962: 850: 939: 552: 6494: 5420: 4940: 4007: 3572: 1517: 1248:"The Coniferous - Leading Paper Trading Company" 1213:, Singapore: Springer Singapore, pp. 9–26, 688: 3107: 2858:"Ecology and economics for pandemic prevention" 2807: 682:, are used as substrates for growing mushrooms. 5232: 5101: 5042: 3650: 3275: 3212: 2977: 2133: 875: 5671: 4844:Saba, Beenish; Christy, Ann D. (2021-03-30), 4164: 3960: 2238:Southern Forests: A Journal of Forest Science 1944:"Paper and Board Grades and Their Properties" 480:Advertising of Sustainable Farming Practices: 370:There are two main types of wood-free paper: 282:, decreased energy consumption, and improved 207:. Please discuss this issue on the article's 5012:International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 4715:Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development 4165:Parr, J. F.; Papendick, R. I. (2015-10-26), 4110:Kizha, Anil Raj; Han, Han-Sup (2017-04-26). 3921: 3701:Influence of Crop Residues on Plant Diseases 2921:Clark, Michael; Tilman, David (2017-06-01). 744: 361: 16:Paper created exclusively from chemical pulp 5005: 4843: 4014:Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 3922:DeLuca, T. H.; DeLuca, D. K. (April 1997). 3618:Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 3612:Unkovich, MJ; Pate, JS; Hamblin, J (1994). 2920: 2587: 1211:Biotechnology for Pulp and Paper Processing 539: 60:Learn how and when to remove these messages 5733: 5678: 5664: 4754:Journal of Integrated Elementary Education 3883:"Phosphorus in Organic Waste-Soil Systems" 3108:Bationo, A.; Mokwunye, A. U. (July 1991). 1273: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1013: 442:Advantages and benefits of wood-free paper 5533: 5514:Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 5289: 5258: 5163:10.2134/1990.nitrogenincropproduction.c45 5108:Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 5078: 5060: 5019: 4982: 4900:Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 4893: 4765: 4642: 4427:Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 4381: 4228: 3898: 3857: 3738:Kumar, Kuldip; Goh, Kuan M. (June 2002). 3293: 3068: 3019: 2946: 2881: 2601: 2564: 2029: 1996: 1860: 1835:Wu, Zonghua; Tanaka, Hiroo (April 1998). 1661: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1594: 1592: 1590: 1588: 1291: 1289: 1287: 1065: 1031: 234:Learn how and when to remove this message 160:Learn how and when to remove this message 5296:Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 4522: 4109: 3737: 3520:O fluxes in unfertilised crop rotations" 3208: 3206: 2814:Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2427:Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 2179:Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2044: 1941: 1937: 1935: 1891: 1834: 1739:"Utilization of Residual Forest Biomass" 1694: 1692: 1690: 1598: 1320:Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 1129:"Know your paper terms: Wood-free paper" 621: 582:Characteristics of Agricultural Residues 421: 403: 390: 5148: 4850:Cover Crops and Sustainable Agriculture 3573:HUMPHERSON-JONES, F. M. (August 1989). 1736: 1264: 1099:"Print lingo explained: Woodfree paper" 261:. Chemical pulp is normally made from 6495: 5339:"Natural fibres: types and properties" 5336: 4796: 3412: 2286: 1650: 1639: 1585: 1462: 1284: 1204: 1126: 1054: 527:Alignment with Sustainability desires: 5659: 5381:"Cotton: Traditional and Modern Uses" 5102:Mohamed Saleem, M.A (December 1998). 3203: 2760: 2549:"Industrial Hemp Fibers: An Overview" 2019: 1932: 1814:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.02.004 1798:"Effects of γ-ray treatment on paper" 1687: 1151: 761: 520:Monetary Viability and market demand: 6477: 5618:Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 3369:Resource and Environmental Economics 2749:is also less likely to warp or curl. 1985:Research in Agricultural Engineering 1605:Journal of Asian and African Studies 171: 113: 95:move details into the article's body 66: 25: 4213:Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2230:"Understanding and adding value to 1279:Handbook of pulping and papermaking 891: 535:Alternative Fibers: The Key Players 13: 5021:10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v7.i3.730 4256:Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 32 3961:Kögel-Knabner, I (February 2002). 3591:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1989.tb06810.x 3544:10.1023/b:fres.0000048477.56417.46 3524:Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 3161:Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 2258:10.2989/south.for.2008.70.2.12.540 2059:10.1016/b978-0-12-799968-5.00007-5 1663:10.1016/b978-0-12-803409-5.00008-2 1067:10.1016/b978-0-12-803409-5.00008-2 273:is removed and separated from the 14: 6534: 5239:City and Environment Interactions 5149:Aldrich, Samuel R. (2015-11-02), 4894:Erenstein, Olaf (November 2003). 4319:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.046 3928:Journal of Production Agriculture 2047:"The water footprint of industry" 2024:(Thesis). Iowa State University. 1802:Polymer Degradation and Stability 1332:10.3183/npprj-2011-26-03-p297-305 493:Diversification of supply Chains: 41:This article has multiple issues. 6476: 6467: 6466: 5605: 5558: 5501: 4529:Energy Conversion and Management 4474:Energy Conversion and Management 3049:Science of the Total Environment 835:Cotton Products and Applications 191:to read and navigate comfortably 176: 118: 71: 30: 5461: 5414: 5372: 5330: 5283: 5226: 5184: 5142: 5095: 5036: 4999: 4934: 4887: 4852:, CRC Press, pp. 268–279, 4837: 4790: 4741: 4702: 4688:10.17660/actahortic.2008.779.54 4667: 4618: 4563: 4523:Demirbas, Ayhan (August 2008). 4516: 4461: 4414: 4341: 4286: 4245: 4230:10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108537 4200: 4158: 4103: 4048: 4001: 3954: 3915: 3900:10.4067/s0718-27912006000200006 3874: 3833: 3778: 3731: 3691: 3644: 3605: 3566: 3503: 3448: 3406: 3357: 3310: 3269: 3148: 3101: 3070:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137065 3036: 2971: 2914: 2848: 2801: 2754: 2733: 2720: 2657: 2610: 2588:O'Brien, Mary G. (2015-01-01). 2581: 2540: 2508: 2461: 2414: 2367: 2322: 2280: 2221: 2166: 2127: 2089:"The cellulose resource matrix" 2080: 2038: 2013: 1972: 1885: 1828: 1789: 1730: 1550: 1511: 1456: 1393: 1354: 919: 810: 473:Usage of Agricultural Residues: 49:or discuss these issues on the 4549:10.1016/j.enconman.2008.02.020 4494:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113253 3657:Waste and Biomass Valorization 3282:Bioresources and Bioprocessing 2927:Environmental Research Letters 2787:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.11.004 2053:, Elsevier, pp. 221–254, 1942:Tillmann, Otmar (2006-01-20). 1656:, Elsevier, pp. 103–195, 1240: 1198: 1145: 1120: 1091: 1060:, Elsevier, pp. 103–195, 1048: 1007: 940:Hemp Products and Applications 553:Types of Agricultural Residues 507:More advantageous Soil health: 301: 1: 6293:Environmental impact of paper 5571:Soil Biology and Biochemistry 5480:10.2134/agronmonogr23.2ed.c10 5128:10.1016/s0167-8809(98)00144-3 5006:Mikiashvili, Nona A. (2005). 4920:10.1016/s0167-8809(03)00150-6 4823:10.1016/s0167-1987(03)00051-5 4447:10.1016/s0167-8809(03)00189-0 3987:10.1016/s0038-0717(01)00158-4 3967:Soil Biology and Biochemistry 3764:10.1016/s1161-0301(01)00133-2 2635:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112693 2623:Industrial Crops and Products 2152:10.1016/j.indcrop.2003.10.011 2140:Industrial Crops and Products 2105:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.110 1716:10.1016/s0969-6210(10)70272-1 1379:10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.10.009 1367:Industrial Crops and Products 1127:Papers, Peters (2020-03-12). 1000: 963:Challenges and Considerations 851:Challenges and Considerations 791: 689:Challenges and Considerations 487:Waste discount and recycling: 5591:10.1016/0038-0717(73)90091-6 5393:10.1007/978-1-4614-6669-7_18 5260:10.1016/j.cacint.2020.100027 4374:10.1016/j.wasman.2020.02.013 3744:European Journal of Agronomy 3427:10.1007/978-90-481-8741-6_12 3239:10.1016/j.envres.2021.112285 2730:. McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP. 1426:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.10.041 1105:. 2016-05-10. Archived from 735: 7: 5345:, Elsevier, pp. 3–66, 5205:10.1007/978-3-319-64501-8_2 5155:Nitrogen in Crop Production 4265:10.1007/978-3-319-98914-3_7 2590:"Photography: My New Score" 2343:10.1109/pcicon.2005.1524534 2301:10.1007/978-3-319-18744-0_2 2045:Hoekstra, Arjen Y. (2015), 1948:Handbook of Paper and Board 1892:BUKOVSKÝ, VLADIMÍR (1997). 1747:10.1007/978-3-642-74072-5_8 1599:Windrich, E. (1998-01-01). 1219:10.1007/978-981-10-7853-8_2 978: 513:Help for Rural communities: 466:Decreased Carbon Footprint: 199:content into sub-articles, 10: 6539: 6503:Printing and writing paper 6240:Surface chemistry of paper 5743:(Zuo Bo/Tso Po/Tso Tzǔ-yi) 5535:10.1016/j.agee.2021.107812 5316:10.1016/j.rser.2014.12.028 4967:10.1038/s41598-020-58778-x 4644:10.54302/mausam.v65i3.1041 4596:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122840 4034:10.1016/j.jaap.2006.06.002 3669:10.1007/s12649-020-01126-x 3377:10.1142/9789812833969_0008 2761:Abman, Ryan (April 2018). 2741:"Woodfree Paper - Adazing" 2699:10.5040/9781350223356.0009 2665:"Woodfree Paper - Adazing" 2532:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 2486:10.1007/s10570-022-04687-3 2199:10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.019 2020:Hsieh, Yung-Cheng (1997). 1710:(12): 6–7. December 2010. 1617:10.1177/002190969803300306 1560:Timber Construction Manual 866: 670:erosion by wind and water. 18: 6462: 6401: 6346: 6258: 6215: 6174: 5819: 5789: 5759: 5710: 5693: 5685: 5630:10.1007/s10722-016-0425-9 5447:10.1016/j.fcr.2017.03.008 5351:10.1533/9781845694593.1.3 5062:10.1186/s13568-018-0565-8 4803:Soil and Tillage Research 4767:10.21580/jieed.v3i1.16003 4727:10.37801/ajad2005.2.1-2.5 4136:10.1007/s40725-017-0060-5 3579:Annals of Applied Biology 3481:10.1007/s11104-012-1216-5 3343:10.1016/j.fcr.2008.01.001 3295:10.1186/s40643-017-0187-z 3181:10.1007/s10705-015-9675-8 2031:10.31274/rtd-180813-10494 1910:10.1515/rest.1997.18.1.25 1536:10.1108/09699980310466587 1463:Bajpai, P. (1999-04-05). 1166:10.1007/978-94-007-5875-9 876:Botanical Characteristics 745:Botanical Characteristics 362:Types of wood-free papers 253:created exclusively from 5772:Friedrich Gottlob Keller 4858:10.1201/9781003187301-15 4171:ASA Special Publications 4116:Current Forestry Reports 2948:10.1088/1748-9326/aa6cd5 2603:10.33178/boolean.2015.28 2287:Bajpai, Pratima (2015), 1737:Hakkila, Pentti (1989), 1277:Biermann, C. J. (1996). 1205:Bajpai, Pratima (2018), 540:1. Agricultural Residues 460:Decreased Deforestation: 265:, but is not considered 19:Not to be confused with 6288:Elemental chlorine free 6245:Units of paper quantity 4797:ROLDAN, A (July 2003). 4179:10.2134/asaspecpub31.c6 3710:10.2134/asaspecpub31.c8 3413:Javaid, Arshad (2010), 2883:10.1126/science.abc3189 2726:Marchak, M. P. (1995). 2439:10.1515/npprj-2019-0064 2337:. IEEE. pp. 1–10. 1956:10.1002/3527608257.ch11 1841:Journal of Wood Science 1654:Pulp and Paper Industry 1058:Pulp and Paper Industry 990:Woodfree uncoated paper 903:Cultivation Practices: 773:Cultivation Practices: 714:Transport and Storage: 448:Conservation of Forests 6268:Bleaching of wood pulp 3219:Environmental Research 1469:Biotechnology Progress 1154:"Floods in a Megacity" 1152:Dewan, Ashraf (2013). 722:Environmental Impact: 702:Harvesting Practices: 675:Mushroom Cultivation: 635:Bioenergy Production: 587:Chemical Composition: 427: 411: 396: 140:by rewriting it in an 6187:Corrugated fiberboard 5944:Electrical insulation 5797:Thomas Francis Carter 5385:Ethnobotany of Mexico 5337:ROWELL, R.M. (2008), 2093:Carbohydrate Polymers 1569:10.1002/9781118279687 622:Uses and Applications 425: 407: 394: 6518:Sustainable products 5427:Field Crops Research 3940:10.2134/jpa1997.0235 3323:Field Crops Research 2767:Ecological Economics 1998:10.17221/73/2015-rae 1103:Warners Midlands Plc 694:Nutrient Imbalance: 611:Decomposition Rate: 395:Cotton paper texture 5583:1973SBiBi...5...35W 5526:2022AgEE..32607812T 5439:2017FCrRe.208...18F 5308:2015RSERv..44..117Z 5251:2019CEnvI...400027K 5120:1998AgEE...71..241M 4959:2020NatSR..10.1814G 4912:2003AgEE..100...17E 4815:2003STilR..72...65R 4588:2022Fuel..31522840M 4541:2008ECM....49.2106D 4486:2020ECM...22213253W 4439:2003AgEE..100..251W 4366:2020WaMan.105..256C 4311:2016Chmsp.144..122Z 4221:2021AgFM..30808537T 4215:. 308–309: 108537. 4128:2017CForR...3..202K 4073:1987Natur.329..708B 4026:2007JAAP...78..140P 3979:2002SBiBi..34..139K 3803:1996PlSoi.181...71M 3756:2002EuJAg..16..295K 3536:2004NCyAg..70..189V 3473:2012PlSoi.359..375N 3335:2008FCrRe.107...89D 3231:2022ER....20612285K 3173:2015NCyAg.102...33N 3114:Fertilizer Research 3061:2020ScTEn.71637065D 2996:2017NatSR...739855Y 2939:2017ERL....12f4016C 2874:2020Sci...369..379D 2826:2010FrEE....8...27P 2779:2018EcoEc.146..282A 2693:, Zed Books, 2011, 2392:10.1515/hf.2001.036 2250:2008SFJFS..70..169C 2191:2018RSERv..95...23R 1853:1998JWSci..44..111W 1418:2020WaMan.102..281K 884:Family: Cannabaceae 647:Livestock Bedding: 4947:Scientific Reports 4680:Acta Horticulturae 3859:10.3390/su11082266 3811:10.1007/bf00011294 3126:10.1007/bf01048993 2984:Scientific Reports 2566:10.3390/fib7120106 1862:10.1007/bf00526255 1158:Springer Geography 762:Cotton Cultivation 603:Moisture Content: 595:Nutrient Content: 500:Energy efficiency: 428: 412: 397: 142:encyclopedic style 129:is written like a 6490: 6489: 5815: 5814: 5807:Tsien Tsuen-hsuin 5785: 5784: 5755: 5754: 5698:Paper engineering 5402:978-1-4614-6668-0 5214:978-3-319-64500-1 4274:978-3-319-98913-6 4188:978-0-89118-297-9 4067:(6141): 708–710. 3630:10.1071/ar9940149 3436:978-90-481-8740-9 3386:978-981-283-394-5 3004:10.1038/srep39855 2868:(6502): 379–381. 2728:Logging the globe 2708:978-1-84813-288-7 2687:"About Zed Books" 2596:(2015): 136–141. 2480:(12): 6907–6924. 2310:978-3-319-18743-3 1777:Missing or empty 1756:978-3-642-74074-9 1704:Focus on Pigments 1673:978-0-12-803409-5 1578:978-0-470-54509-6 1481:10.1021/bp990013k 1252:theconiferous.com 1228:978-981-10-7852-1 1175:978-94-007-5874-2 1033:10.32964/tj9.3.15 985:Coated fine paper 753:Family: Malvaceae 663:Erosion Control: 244: 243: 236: 226: 225: 170: 169: 162: 112: 111: 91:length guidelines 64: 6530: 6480: 6479: 6470: 6469: 6454:Beverage cartons 6444:Watercolor paper 6303:Hollander beater 5787: 5786: 5757: 5756: 5731: 5730: 5680: 5673: 5666: 5657: 5656: 5650: 5649: 5624:(5): 1061–1074. 5609: 5603: 5602: 5562: 5556: 5555: 5537: 5505: 5499: 5498: 5497: 5496: 5465: 5459: 5458: 5418: 5412: 5411: 5410: 5409: 5376: 5370: 5369: 5368: 5367: 5334: 5328: 5327: 5287: 5281: 5280: 5262: 5230: 5224: 5223: 5222: 5221: 5188: 5182: 5181: 5180: 5179: 5146: 5140: 5139: 5114:(1–3): 241–254. 5099: 5093: 5092: 5082: 5064: 5040: 5034: 5033: 5023: 5003: 4997: 4996: 4986: 4938: 4932: 4931: 4891: 4885: 4884: 4883: 4882: 4841: 4835: 4834: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4769: 4745: 4739: 4738: 4706: 4700: 4699: 4682:(779): 431–438. 4671: 4665: 4664: 4646: 4622: 4616: 4615: 4567: 4561: 4560: 4535:(8): 2106–2116. 4520: 4514: 4513: 4465: 4459: 4458: 4433:(2–3): 251–263. 4418: 4412: 4411: 4385: 4354:Waste Management 4345: 4339: 4338: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4282: 4281: 4249: 4243: 4242: 4232: 4204: 4198: 4197: 4196: 4195: 4162: 4156: 4155: 4107: 4101: 4100: 4081:10.1038/329708a0 4052: 4046: 4045: 4005: 3999: 3998: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3902: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3861: 3837: 3831: 3830: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3727: 3726: 3695: 3689: 3688: 3663:(5): 2207–2236. 3648: 3642: 3641: 3609: 3603: 3602: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3507: 3501: 3500: 3467:(1–2): 375–385. 3452: 3446: 3445: 3444: 3443: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3402: 3401: 3361: 3355: 3354: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3297: 3273: 3267: 3266: 3210: 3201: 3200: 3152: 3146: 3145: 3105: 3099: 3098: 3072: 3040: 3034: 3033: 3023: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2950: 2918: 2912: 2911: 2885: 2852: 2846: 2845: 2805: 2799: 2798: 2758: 2752: 2751: 2737: 2731: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2716: 2715: 2683: 2677: 2676: 2661: 2655: 2654: 2614: 2608: 2607: 2605: 2585: 2579: 2578: 2568: 2544: 2538: 2537: 2531: 2523: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2465: 2459: 2458: 2418: 2412: 2411: 2371: 2365: 2364: 2326: 2320: 2319: 2318: 2317: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2225: 2219: 2218: 2170: 2164: 2163: 2131: 2125: 2124: 2084: 2078: 2077: 2076: 2075: 2042: 2036: 2035: 2033: 2017: 2011: 2010: 2000: 1976: 1970: 1969: 1939: 1930: 1929: 1889: 1883: 1882: 1864: 1832: 1826: 1825: 1793: 1787: 1786: 1780: 1775: 1773: 1765: 1764: 1763: 1734: 1728: 1727: 1696: 1685: 1684: 1665: 1648: 1637: 1636: 1596: 1583: 1582: 1554: 1548: 1547: 1515: 1509: 1508: 1460: 1454: 1453: 1406:Waste Management 1397: 1391: 1390: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1311: 1296: 1293: 1282: 1275: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1258: 1244: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1235: 1202: 1196: 1195: 1149: 1143: 1142: 1140: 1139: 1124: 1118: 1117: 1115: 1114: 1095: 1089: 1088: 1069: 1052: 1046: 1045: 1035: 1011: 892:Hemp Cultivation 750:Genus: Gossypium 627:Soil Amendment: 284:waste management 275:cellulose fibers 239: 232: 221: 218: 212: 180: 179: 172: 165: 158: 154: 151: 145: 122: 121: 114: 107: 104: 98: 89:Please read the 75: 74: 67: 56: 34: 33: 26: 6538: 6537: 6533: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6528: 6527: 6493: 6492: 6491: 6486: 6458: 6397: 6342: 6338:Sulfite process 6323:Paper recycling 6278:Conical refiner 6260: 6254: 6211: 6197:Paper chemicals 6170: 5811: 5781: 5777:Charles Fenerty 5751: 5729: 5725:Missal of Silos 5720:Battle of Talas 5706: 5689: 5684: 5654: 5653: 5610: 5606: 5563: 5559: 5506: 5502: 5494: 5492: 5490: 5466: 5462: 5419: 5415: 5407: 5405: 5403: 5377: 5373: 5365: 5363: 5361: 5335: 5331: 5288: 5284: 5231: 5227: 5219: 5217: 5215: 5189: 5185: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5147: 5143: 5100: 5096: 5041: 5037: 5004: 5000: 4939: 4935: 4892: 4888: 4880: 4878: 4868: 4842: 4838: 4795: 4791: 4746: 4742: 4707: 4703: 4672: 4668: 4623: 4619: 4568: 4564: 4521: 4517: 4466: 4462: 4419: 4415: 4346: 4342: 4291: 4287: 4279: 4277: 4275: 4250: 4246: 4205: 4201: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4163: 4159: 4108: 4104: 4053: 4049: 4006: 4002: 3959: 3955: 3920: 3916: 3879: 3875: 3838: 3834: 3783: 3779: 3736: 3732: 3724: 3722: 3720: 3696: 3692: 3649: 3645: 3610: 3606: 3571: 3567: 3519: 3515: 3508: 3504: 3453: 3449: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3411: 3407: 3399: 3397: 3387: 3363: 3362: 3358: 3315: 3311: 3274: 3270: 3211: 3204: 3153: 3149: 3106: 3102: 3041: 3037: 2976: 2972: 2919: 2915: 2853: 2849: 2806: 2802: 2759: 2755: 2739: 2738: 2734: 2725: 2721: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2685: 2684: 2680: 2663: 2662: 2658: 2615: 2611: 2586: 2582: 2545: 2541: 2525: 2524: 2522:. 29 June 2020. 2514: 2513: 2509: 2466: 2462: 2419: 2415: 2372: 2368: 2353: 2327: 2323: 2315: 2313: 2311: 2285: 2281: 2226: 2222: 2171: 2167: 2132: 2128: 2085: 2081: 2073: 2071: 2069: 2043: 2039: 2018: 2014: 1977: 1973: 1966: 1940: 1933: 1890: 1886: 1833: 1829: 1794: 1790: 1778: 1776: 1767: 1766: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1735: 1731: 1698: 1697: 1688: 1674: 1649: 1640: 1597: 1586: 1579: 1555: 1551: 1516: 1512: 1461: 1457: 1398: 1394: 1359: 1355: 1312: 1299: 1294: 1285: 1276: 1265: 1256: 1254: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1233: 1231: 1229: 1203: 1199: 1176: 1150: 1146: 1137: 1135: 1125: 1121: 1112: 1110: 1097: 1096: 1092: 1078: 1053: 1049: 1012: 1008: 1003: 995:Tree-free paper 981: 965: 942: 922: 894: 881:Genus: Cannabis 878: 869: 853: 837: 813: 794: 764: 747: 738: 691: 624: 584: 572:Animal Manure: 558:Crop Residues: 555: 542: 537: 444: 364: 304: 269:as most of the 259:mechanical pulp 247:Wood-free paper 240: 229: 228: 227: 222: 216: 213: 194: 181: 177: 166: 155: 149: 146: 138:help improve it 135: 123: 119: 108: 102: 99: 88: 85:may be too long 80:This article's 76: 72: 35: 31: 24: 21:Tree-free paper 17: 12: 11: 5: 6536: 6526: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6513:Paper products 6510: 6505: 6488: 6487: 6485: 6484: 6474: 6463: 6460: 6459: 6457: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6405: 6403: 6399: 6398: 6396: 6395: 6394: 6393: 6383: 6382: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6354:Paper industry 6350: 6348: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6298:Handmade paper 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6264: 6262: 6256: 6255: 6253: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6221: 6219: 6217:Specifications 6213: 6212: 6210: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6178: 6176: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6056:Plastic-coated 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6008: 6003: 6002: 6001: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5956: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5915: 5914: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5823: 5821: 5817: 5816: 5813: 5812: 5810: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5793: 5791: 5783: 5782: 5780: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5767:Matthias Koops 5763: 5761: 5753: 5752: 5750: 5749: 5744: 5737: 5735: 5728: 5727: 5722: 5716: 5714: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5704: 5694: 5691: 5690: 5683: 5682: 5675: 5668: 5660: 5652: 5651: 5604: 5557: 5500: 5488: 5460: 5413: 5401: 5371: 5359: 5329: 5282: 5225: 5213: 5183: 5171: 5141: 5094: 5035: 4998: 4933: 4886: 4866: 4836: 4789: 4740: 4721:(1–2): 49–66. 4701: 4666: 4637:(3): 361–364. 4617: 4562: 4515: 4460: 4413: 4340: 4285: 4273: 4244: 4199: 4187: 4157: 4122:(3): 202–212. 4102: 4047: 4020:(1): 140–152. 4000: 3973:(2): 139–162. 3953: 3934:(2): 235–241. 3914: 3873: 3846:Sustainability 3832: 3791:Plant and Soil 3777: 3750:(4): 295–308. 3730: 3718: 3690: 3643: 3604: 3565: 3530:(2): 189–199. 3517: 3513: 3502: 3461:Plant and Soil 3447: 3435: 3405: 3385: 3356: 3309: 3268: 3202: 3147: 3120:(1): 117–125. 3100: 3035: 2970: 2913: 2847: 2834:10.1890/080116 2800: 2753: 2732: 2719: 2707: 2678: 2656: 2609: 2580: 2539: 2507: 2460: 2433:(2): 215–230. 2413: 2386:(2): 219–224. 2366: 2351: 2321: 2309: 2279: 2244:(2): 169–174. 2220: 2165: 2146:(3): 237–243. 2126: 2079: 2067: 2037: 2012: 1991:(4): 179–184. 1971: 1964: 1931: 1884: 1847:(2): 111–115. 1827: 1788: 1755: 1729: 1686: 1672: 1638: 1611:(3): 278–279. 1584: 1577: 1549: 1510: 1475:(2): 147–157. 1455: 1392: 1353: 1326:(3): 297–305. 1297: 1283: 1263: 1239: 1227: 1197: 1174: 1144: 1119: 1090: 1076: 1047: 1005: 1004: 1002: 999: 998: 997: 992: 987: 980: 977: 976: 975: 972: 969: 964: 961: 960: 959: 956: 952: 949: 946: 941: 938: 937: 936: 932: 929: 926: 921: 918: 917: 916: 912: 911: 910: 907: 901: 898: 893: 890: 889: 888: 885: 882: 877: 874: 868: 865: 864: 863: 860: 857: 852: 849: 848: 847: 844: 841: 836: 833: 832: 831: 828: 827: 826: 823: 817: 812: 809: 808: 807: 804: 801: 798: 793: 790: 789: 788: 785: 784: 783: 780: 777: 771: 768: 763: 760: 759: 758: 754: 751: 746: 743: 737: 734: 733: 732: 731: 730: 729:gas emissions. 720: 719: 718: 712: 711: 710: 700: 699: 698: 690: 687: 686: 685: 684: 683: 673: 672: 671: 661: 660: 659: 653: 652: 651: 645: 644: 643: 633: 632: 631: 623: 620: 619: 618: 617: 616: 609: 608: 607: 601: 600: 599: 593: 592: 591: 583: 580: 579: 578: 577: 576: 570: 569: 568: 565: 562: 554: 551: 541: 538: 536: 533: 532: 531: 524: 517: 510: 504: 497: 490: 484: 477: 470: 463: 457: 454:Harder to Warp 451: 443: 440: 432: 431: 420:Bamboo paper: 418: 415: 400: 389:Cotton paper: 379: 378: 375: 363: 360: 359: 358: 355: 352: 349: 342: 341: 338: 335: 332: 325: 324: 317: 314: 311: 303: 300: 242: 241: 224: 223: 217:September 2024 203:it, or adding 184: 182: 175: 168: 167: 126: 124: 117: 110: 109: 79: 77: 70: 65: 39: 38: 36: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6535: 6524: 6523:Deforestation 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6483: 6475: 6473: 6465: 6464: 6461: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6406: 6404: 6400: 6392: 6389: 6388: 6387: 6384: 6380: 6379:United States 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6356: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6345: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6318:Paper machine 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6308:Kraft process 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6265: 6263: 6257: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6222: 6220: 6218: 6214: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6179: 6177: 6173: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6000: 5997: 5996: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5913: 5910: 5909: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5818: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5788: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5764: 5762: 5758: 5748: 5745: 5742: 5739: 5738: 5736: 5732: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5717: 5715: 5713: 5709: 5703: 5699: 5696: 5695: 5692: 5688: 5681: 5676: 5674: 5669: 5667: 5662: 5661: 5658: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5608: 5600: 5596: 5592: 5588: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5561: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5527: 5523: 5519: 5515: 5511: 5504: 5491: 5489:9780891182658 5485: 5481: 5477: 5473: 5472: 5464: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5417: 5404: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5375: 5362: 5360:9781845692674 5356: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5340: 5333: 5325: 5321: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5301: 5297: 5293: 5286: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5229: 5216: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5187: 5174: 5172:9780891182436 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5152: 5145: 5137: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5113: 5109: 5105: 5098: 5090: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5054: 5050: 5046: 5039: 5031: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5002: 4994: 4990: 4985: 4980: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4944: 4937: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4890: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4867:9781003187301 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4840: 4832: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4808: 4804: 4800: 4793: 4785: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4768: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4744: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4705: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4670: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4621: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4566: 4558: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4519: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4464: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4417: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4344: 4336: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4289: 4276: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4257: 4248: 4240: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4203: 4190: 4184: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4168: 4161: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4106: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4058: 4051: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4004: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3957: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3918: 3910: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3877: 3869: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3836: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3781: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3734: 3721: 3719:9780891182979 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3702: 3694: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3647: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3608: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3569: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3506: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3451: 3438: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3409: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3360: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3329:(2): 89–101. 3328: 3324: 3320: 3313: 3305: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3272: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3209: 3207: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3151: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3104: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3039: 3031: 3027: 3022: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2974: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2949: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2933:(6): 064016. 2932: 2928: 2924: 2917: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2851: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2804: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2757: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2736: 2729: 2723: 2710: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2691:The New Maids 2688: 2682: 2675: 2670: 2666: 2660: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2613: 2604: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2584: 2576: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2543: 2535: 2529: 2521: 2517: 2511: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2464: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2417: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2380:Holzforschung 2377: 2370: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2352:0-7803-9272-8 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2325: 2312: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2283: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2233: 2224: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2169: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2130: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2083: 2070: 2068:9780127999685 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2041: 2032: 2027: 2023: 2016: 2008: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1975: 1967: 1965:9783527309979 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1938: 1936: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1888: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1831: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1792: 1784: 1771: 1758: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1733: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1695: 1693: 1691: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1655: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1595: 1593: 1591: 1589: 1580: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1561: 1553: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1530:(2): 99–116. 1529: 1525: 1521: 1514: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1459: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1396: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1357: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1310: 1308: 1306: 1304: 1302: 1292: 1290: 1288: 1280: 1274: 1272: 1270: 1268: 1253: 1249: 1243: 1230: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1201: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1148: 1134: 1133:Peters Papers 1130: 1123: 1109:on 2022-12-10 1108: 1104: 1100: 1094: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1077:9780128034095 1073: 1068: 1063: 1059: 1051: 1043: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1020:TAPPI Journal 1017: 1010: 1006: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 983: 982: 973: 970: 967: 966: 957: 953: 950: 947: 944: 943: 933: 930: 927: 924: 923: 913: 908: 905: 904: 902: 899: 896: 895: 886: 883: 880: 879: 873: 861: 858: 855: 854: 845: 842: 839: 838: 829: 824: 821: 820: 818: 815: 814: 805: 802: 799: 796: 795: 786: 781: 778: 775: 774: 772: 769: 766: 765: 755: 752: 749: 748: 742: 728: 724: 723: 721: 716: 715: 713: 708: 704: 703: 701: 696: 695: 693: 692: 681: 677: 676: 674: 669: 665: 664: 662: 657: 656: 654: 649: 648: 646: 641: 637: 636: 634: 629: 628: 626: 625: 613: 612: 610: 605: 604: 602: 597: 596: 594: 589: 588: 586: 585: 574: 573: 571: 566: 563: 560: 559: 557: 556: 550: 547: 528: 525: 521: 518: 514: 511: 508: 505: 501: 498: 494: 491: 488: 485: 481: 478: 474: 471: 467: 464: 461: 458: 455: 452: 449: 446: 445: 439: 435: 424: 419: 416: 410: 406: 401: 393: 388: 387: 386: 383: 376: 373: 372: 371: 368: 356: 353: 350: 347: 346: 345: 339: 336: 333: 330: 329: 328: 322: 318: 315: 312: 309: 308: 307: 299: 295: 291: 287: 285: 281: 280:deforestation 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 255:chemical pulp 252: 248: 238: 235: 220: 210: 206: 202: 198: 192: 190: 185:This article 183: 174: 173: 164: 161: 153: 143: 139: 133: 132: 127:This article 125: 116: 115: 106: 103:December 2023 96: 92: 86: 84: 78: 69: 68: 63: 61: 54: 53: 48: 47: 42: 37: 28: 27: 22: 6419:Papier-mâché 6414:Paper towels 6333:Soda pulping 6250:Wet strength 6150: 6051:Photographic 5924:Cotton (rag) 5897:Construction 5621: 5617: 5607: 5577:(1): 35–40. 5574: 5570: 5560: 5517: 5513: 5503: 5493:, retrieved 5470: 5463: 5430: 5426: 5416: 5406:, retrieved 5384: 5374: 5364:, retrieved 5342: 5332: 5299: 5295: 5285: 5242: 5238: 5228: 5218:, retrieved 5196: 5186: 5176:, retrieved 5154: 5144: 5111: 5107: 5097: 5052: 5048: 5038: 5011: 5001: 4950: 4946: 4936: 4906:(1): 17–37. 4903: 4899: 4889: 4879:, retrieved 4849: 4839: 4809:(1): 65–73. 4806: 4802: 4792: 4760:(1): 34–57. 4757: 4753: 4743: 4718: 4714: 4704: 4679: 4669: 4634: 4630: 4620: 4579: 4575: 4565: 4532: 4528: 4518: 4477: 4473: 4463: 4430: 4426: 4416: 4383:10261/202862 4357: 4353: 4343: 4302: 4298: 4288: 4278:, retrieved 4255: 4247: 4212: 4202: 4192:, retrieved 4170: 4160: 4119: 4115: 4105: 4064: 4060: 4050: 4017: 4013: 4003: 3970: 3966: 3956: 3931: 3927: 3917: 3890: 3886: 3876: 3849: 3845: 3835: 3797:(1): 71–82. 3794: 3790: 3780: 3747: 3743: 3733: 3723:, retrieved 3700: 3693: 3660: 3656: 3646: 3621: 3617: 3607: 3585:(1): 45–50. 3582: 3578: 3568: 3527: 3523: 3505: 3464: 3460: 3450: 3440:, retrieved 3418: 3408: 3398:, retrieved 3368: 3359: 3326: 3322: 3312: 3285: 3281: 3271: 3222: 3218: 3167:(1): 33–43. 3164: 3160: 3150: 3117: 3113: 3103: 3052: 3048: 3038: 2990:(1): 39855. 2987: 2983: 2973: 2930: 2926: 2916: 2865: 2861: 2850: 2820:(1): 27–34. 2817: 2813: 2803: 2770: 2766: 2756: 2748: 2744: 2735: 2727: 2722: 2712:, retrieved 2690: 2681: 2672: 2668: 2659: 2626: 2622: 2612: 2593: 2583: 2556: 2552: 2542: 2519: 2510: 2477: 2473: 2463: 2430: 2426: 2416: 2383: 2379: 2369: 2334: 2324: 2314:, retrieved 2292: 2282: 2241: 2237: 2231: 2223: 2182: 2178: 2168: 2143: 2139: 2129: 2096: 2092: 2082: 2072:, retrieved 2050: 2040: 2021: 2015: 1988: 1984: 1974: 1947: 1901: 1897: 1887: 1844: 1840: 1830: 1805: 1801: 1791: 1779:|title= 1760:, retrieved 1732: 1707: 1703: 1653: 1608: 1604: 1559: 1552: 1527: 1523: 1513: 1472: 1468: 1458: 1409: 1405: 1395: 1370: 1366: 1356: 1323: 1319: 1278: 1255:. Retrieved 1251: 1242: 1232:, retrieved 1210: 1200: 1157: 1147: 1136:. Retrieved 1132: 1122: 1111:. Retrieved 1107:the original 1102: 1093: 1057: 1050: 1026:(3): 15–20. 1023: 1019: 1009: 870: 819:Properties: 811:Cotton Fiber 739: 655:Composting: 543: 526: 519: 512: 506: 499: 492: 486: 479: 472: 465: 459: 453: 447: 436: 433: 426:Bamboo paper 408: 402:Hemp paper: 384: 380: 369: 365: 343: 326: 305: 296: 292: 288: 257:rather than 246: 245: 230: 214: 186: 156: 147: 128: 100: 83:lead section 81: 57: 50: 44: 43:Please help 40: 6449:Paper money 6409:Lined paper 6328:Papermaking 6261:and process 6259:Manufacture 6235:Paper sizes 5964:Greaseproof 5949:Genkō yōshi 5802:Dard Hunter 5734:Originators 5702:Papermaking 5302:: 117–131. 5049:AMB Express 4953:(1): 1814. 4360:: 256–267. 4305:: 122–130. 4299:Chemosphere 3852:(8): 2266. 2773:: 282–289. 2559:(12): 106. 2099:(1): 9–21. 1950:: 446–466. 1898:Restaurator 1412:: 281–303. 1373:: 158–168. 1281:. Elsevier. 469:treatments. 321:photography 302:Composition 205:subheadings 150:August 2024 6497:Categories 6386:Paper mill 6313:Organosolv 6192:Fiber crop 6182:China clay 6141:Waterproof 6041:Paperboard 5919:Correction 5912:Carbonless 5760:Developers 5520:: 107812. 5495:2023-10-14 5408:2023-10-14 5366:2023-10-14 5245:: 100027. 5220:2023-10-14 5178:2023-10-14 4881:2023-10-14 4582:: 122840. 4480:: 113253. 4280:2023-10-14 4194:2023-10-14 3725:2023-10-14 3624:(1): 149. 3442:2023-10-14 3400:2023-10-14 3225:: 112285. 3055:: 137065. 2714:2023-06-07 2629:: 112693. 2316:2023-10-15 2232:Eucalyptus 2074:2023-10-12 1762:2023-10-12 1257:2023-10-19 1234:2023-06-06 1138:2022-12-10 1113:2022-12-10 1001:References 920:Life Cycle 792:Life Cycle 727:greenhouse 516:plentiful. 409:Hemp paper 201:condensing 46:improve it 6439:Notebooks 6424:Cardboard 6207:Wood pulp 6175:Materials 6151:Wood-free 6126:Wallpaper 6121:Tree-free 6061:Red rosin 6046:Parchment 6031:Onionskin 6026:Newsprint 5887:Cartridge 5882:Cardstock 5877:Cardboard 5827:Acid-free 5646:254501805 5638:0925-9864 5599:0038-0717 5552:244931763 5544:0167-8809 5455:0378-4290 5433:: 18–26. 5324:1364-0321 5277:218798751 5269:2590-2520 5136:0167-8809 5071:2191-0855 5055:(1): 46. 5030:1521-9437 4975:2045-2322 4928:0167-8809 4876:233613439 4831:0167-1987 4784:259415481 4776:2776-1657 4735:1656-4383 4696:0567-7572 4661:248977624 4653:0252-9416 4612:245059676 4604:0016-2361 4557:0196-8904 4510:224863955 4502:0196-8904 4455:0167-8809 4408:211260887 4392:0956-053X 4327:0045-6535 4239:0168-1923 4152:114261219 4144:2198-6436 4089:0028-0836 4042:0165-2370 3995:0038-0717 3948:0890-8524 3909:0718-2791 3868:2071-1050 3819:0032-079X 3772:1161-0301 3685:255761483 3677:1877-2641 3638:0004-9409 3599:0003-4746 3552:1385-1314 3497:254942151 3489:0032-079X 3395:133172488 3351:0378-4290 3304:2197-4365 3263:239930556 3247:0013-9351 3197:254511028 3189:1385-1314 3134:0167-1731 3095:211079869 3079:0048-9697 3012:2045-2322 2957:1748-9326 2908:220714448 2892:0036-8075 2842:1540-9295 2795:0921-8009 2651:224933420 2643:0926-6690 2575:2079-6439 2528:cite news 2502:246911429 2494:0969-0239 2474:Cellulose 2455:213801102 2447:2000-0669 2400:0018-3830 2266:2070-2620 2215:115446477 2207:1364-0321 2185:: 23–37. 2160:0926-6690 2113:0144-8617 2007:1212-9151 1918:0034-5806 1871:1435-0211 1822:0141-3910 1808:: 25–30. 1724:0969-6210 1633:220925623 1625:0021-9096 1563:. Wiley. 1544:0969-9988 1489:8756-7938 1450:207965485 1434:0956-053X 1387:0926-6690 1348:137540823 1340:2000-0669 1192:127800463 1184:2194-315X 1042:0734-1415 955:products. 736:2. 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