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by describing the miserable condition of Hindu widows in the nineteenth century AD. Yamuna
Paryatan was among the earliest novels written in India. It had a female-centric theme, which addressed the issue of women's condition in Hindu society. It gained nationwide attention due to the topic it
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The novel portrays the story of Yamuna, the protagonist, who is a young widow in a Hindu family. She undergoes many experiences during her travels. As a result of her disillusionment with Hindu philosophy, she accepts
Christianity in the end.
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In 2002, Rajul Sogani in her book on widowhood, called it a pioneering treatise on the suffering of widows, but it was not well received by Hindus because of its allegedly
Christian nature.
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Although the novel was an enormous success, it received harsh criticism from critics and Hindu readers who accused it of masquerading. In 1979, Keshav
Sitaram Karhadkar records how
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When the book was published in 1857, it received a mixed response. The book was published in multiple editions and was also included in the curriculum of
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as false-sounding and vulgar for its portrayals of widowhood and sexuality.
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discussed. It is also known for being the first vernacular-Marathi novel.
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championed a much more assertive position for women in the new India."
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in 1861 as the first "real" Marathi novel, criticizing the
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150:рдпрдореБрдирд╛рдкрд░реНрдпрдЯрди
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