1146:
2010:
452:
1800:
40:
906:
opens with the praise of Ahura Mazda, enumerating his divine titles as the
Creator, "radiant, glorious, the greatest, the best, the most beautiful, the most firm, the most wise, of the most perfect form, the highest in righteousness, possessed of great joy, creator, fashioner, nourisher, and the Most
604:
texts constitute 72 chapters altogether, composed at different times and by different authors. The middle chapters include the (linguistically) oldest texts of the
Zoroastrian canon. These very ancient texts, in the very archaic and linguistically difficult
698:
ceremony, which is understood to have a direct, immediate effect: "ar from being a symbolic act, the proper performance of the yasna is what prevents the cosmos from falling into chaos." The culminating act of the
690:." Zoroastrianism's cosmological/eschatological perception of the purpose of humankind is to strengthen the orderly spiritual and material creations of Mazda against the assault of the destructive forces of
787:
language. The middle 27 chapters include the (linguistically) oldest texts of the
Zoroastrian canon. The inner chapters/sections (excepting chapters 42.1β4,52.5β8) are in the more archaic
1028:, the Zoroastrian creed and declaration of faith. It is in "Artificial" Gathic Avestan, that is, it is stylistically and linguistically aligned with the language of the
783:
From a literary point of view, the 72 chapters consist of two nested inner cores, and an outer envelope. The outer chapters/sections (the "envelope") are in the
1835:
480:
1584:
195:
1184:", #35β41), which is as old as the Gathas but in prose, b) two short chapters (#42 and #52) that are not as old as the Gathas and
1828:
791:
language, with the four sacred formulae bracketing the innermost core. This innermost core includes the 17 chapters of the
473:
1371:, the hymn to the divinity of religious discipline. It is closely related to, and appears to have sections borrowed from
402:
1051:
1β8 in that they too are a collection of invocations to the divinities. Chapters 14β18 serve as an introduction to the
2045:
1778:
1665:
838:
From a ritual point of view, the liturgy can be broken into 4 major sections, each having its own internal prelude:
1821:
466:
1034:, but imperfectly. The last strophe of verse 7 as well as all of verses 8 and 9 are incorporated into the
432:
412:
609:
language, include the four most sacred
Zoroastrian prayers, and also 17 chapters consisting of the five
2050:
1168:
include the (linguistically) oldest texts of the
Zoroastrian canon. 17 of the 26 chapters make up the
1525:
563:
ceremony is, very roughly described, to strengthen the orderly spiritual and material creations of
16:
Primary liturgical collection of
Zoroastrian texts, and principal act of worship in Zoroastrianism
2019:
1120:
803:
597:
ceremony, without extensions, takes about two hours when it is recited by an experienced priest.
387:
23:
639:
literally means 'oblation' or 'worship'. The word is linguistically and functionally related to
947:, "by means of this sacrifice, I call β¦", followed by the name of the divinity being invoked.
150:
1958:
437:
340:
737:
in about two hours. With extensions, it takes about an hour longer. In its normal form, the
679:
392:
335:
1808:
8:
543:'s principal act of worship. It is also the name of the primary liturgical collection of
362:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1913:
1720:
1214:
931:(a bundle of 23 twigs bound together, symbolizing sanctity) to the invited divinities.
816:
581:, the "offering to the waters." The ceremony may also be extended by recitation of the
275:
205:
1905:
1774:
1770:
1661:
809:
666:, that is, the ceremony aims to strengthen that which is right/true (one meaning of
1984:
1933:
1923:
1712:
1553:
784:
526:
499:
367:
190:
185:
2040:
2014:
456:
1994:
1901:
1861:
1321:
1176:
himself. The Gathas are in verse. These are structurally interrupted by a) the
1172:, the most sacred hymns of Zoroastrianism and thought to have been composed by
640:
540:
290:
285:
235:
175:
31:
1752:
2034:
1928:
1145:
777:β the sacred girdle worn around the waist β represent the 72 chapters of the
686:
ceremony as "the maintenance of the cosmic integrity of the good creation of
407:
200:
105:
694:. In that conflict, theologically speaking, mankind's primary weapon is the
1989:
1979:
1601:
1136:
1111:
691:
568:
295:
280:
240:
170:
165:
130:
1844:
1813:
1579:
788:
687:
606:
564:
325:
180:
55:
1533:
1355:
is again an invocation to the divinities, appealing for their attention.
1918:
1804:
1724:
1703:
Drower, Elizabeth
Stephens (1944), "The Role of Fire in Parsi Ritual",
1695:
1687:
1128:
714:
service, that is, the recitation of the Yasna texts, culminates in the
575:
service, that is, the recitation of the Yasna texts, culminates in the
270:
160:
70:
1173:
614:
320:
315:
80:
60:
39:
1716:
887:
from memory is one of the prerequisites for
Zoroastrian priesthood.
857:
Chapter 70β72: Conclusion and thanks to the divinities for attending
2009:
1886:
1876:
1871:
622:
589:
583:
451:
225:
220:
125:
1799:
1974:
1938:
1853:
1487:
1423:
851:
829:
Yasna 54.1: fourth of four of the most sacred
Zoroastrian prayers
704:
577:
536:
345:
265:
245:
85:
1541:
Mills, American
Edition, 1898, with select passages adopted from
1881:
1432:
1396:
1376:
1366:
1303:
1271:
1256:
1241:
1198:
1169:
1153:
1030:
958:
911:
1 then enumerates the divinities, inviting them to the service.
792:
774:
610:
544:
397:
355:
350:
210:
155:
110:
629:
chapter and verse pointers are traditionally abbreviated with
1891:
1633:
1289:. Verses 52.5 β 52.8, in Younger Avestan, are a duplicate of
1012:
1007:
923:
824:
Yasna 43β51,53: Gathas 2β5 (chapters 43β46, 47β50, 51 and 53)
795:, the oldest and most sacred texts of the Zoroastrian canon.
644:
230:
120:
115:
1471:
1286:
1063:
17, "to the fires, waters, plants", is almost identical to
662:
517:
75:
65:
660:
ceremony, and the proper performance of it, is to further
1745:, Cahiers de Studia Iranica, vol. 8, Leuven: Peeters
844:
Chapter 1β12: Invitation of the divinities to the worship
508:
505:
802:
Yasna 27.13β27.15: three of the four of the most sacred
1759:, vol. online edition, New York: iranicaonline.org
1623:
1621:
613:, hymns that are considered to have been composed by
514:
511:
1735:, vol. 3, Costa Mesa: Mazda Pub, pp. 35β44
979:
4, the offerings are consecrated to the divinities.
1686:
1618:
971:3 draws the attention of the divinities invoked in
733:A well-trained priest is able to recite the entire
502:
1080:, are commentaries on the three 'high prayers' of
850:Chapter 60β69: The culmination of the Yasna (the "
1500:are again a set of invocations to the divinities.
741:ceremony is only to be performed in the morning.
567:against the assault of the destructive forces of
2032:
1093:is another set of invocations to the divinities.
991:6 is almost identical to the first 10 verses of
670:) in the existence/creation (another meaning of
883:15.2, 66.2 and 38.3. The ability to recite the
1705:Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
1448:praises the anti-demonic powers imbued in the
722:ceremony may be extended by recitation of the
1829:
749:
474:
1585:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
773:, 'cut'). The 72 threads of the Zoroastrian
1807:has original text related to this article:
854:"), accompanied by intense ritual activity.
1843:
1836:
1822:
1741:Kotwal, Firoze M.; Boyd, James W. (1991),
1740:
1485:constitute the prayers that accompany the
1231:: a 4 verse chapter invoking the elements.
674:) of divine order (yet another meaning of
481:
467:
38:
1764:
1639:
761:are organized into 72 chapters, known as
1750:
1627:
1144:
1730:
1528:, vol. 31, Oxford University Press
1222:", also in Gathic Avestan but in prose.
2033:
1702:
1694:. Oxford University Press – via
1684:
1543:
1817:
1743:The Yasna: A Zoroastrian High Liturgy
1685:Dhalla, Maneckji Nusservanji (1938).
1674:
1655:
1544:Dhalla, Maneckji Nusservanji (1908),
1519:
1408:is a repetition of the sections from
707:, the "strengthening of the waters".
1679:, vol. 1, Costa Mesa: Mazda Pub
1596:
1594:
1546:The Nyaishes Or Zoroastrian Litanies
894:
867:occur more than once. For instance,
1767:Die Religion Zarathushtras (Band 3)
1476:, prayers to fire and its divinity.
1456:and the three principal prayers of
1011:, a collection of accolades to the
530:
403:Zoroastrianism in the United States
13:
1514:liturgy now in the public domain:
1421:is blessing upon the house of the
907:Holy Spirit." (Dhalla, 1936:155).
14:
2062:
1792:
1591:
1520:Mills, Lawrence Heyworth (1887),
847:Chapter 13β59: The Staota Yesniia
617:himself. Several sections of the
2008:
1798:
1731:Kellens, Jean (1989), "Avesta",
1392:, here to the genius of prayer (
718:, the "offering to waters". The
656:The theological function of the
498:
450:
1675:Boyce, Mary (1983), "Δb-ZΕhr",
1648:
1102:has the prayers referred to by
1660:, vol. I, Leiden: Brill,
1602:"YASNA - Encyclopedia Iranica"
1573:
1435:invocation, also known as the
1115:invocation (also known as the
1059:19β59. The first 10 verses of
744:
651:
1:
1562:
879:63 consists of passages from
1567:
963:, presents other offerings (
927:, presents libation and the
7:
1765:Stausberg, Michael (2004),
1548:, Columbia University Press
1504:
943:2β3 begin with the formula
554:
547:texts, recited during that
433:Criticism of Zoroastrianism
413:Persecution of Zoroastrians
10:
2067:
1751:Malandra, William (2006),
1325:, a prayer referred to in
1119:), the most sacred of all
956:known collectively as the
750:Structure and organization
682:summarizes the aim of the
635:The Avestan language word
2003:
1967:
1900:
1852:
1689:History of Zoroastrianism
1658:History of Zoroastrianism
2046:Ancient Iranian religion
1526:Sacred Books of the East
1427:('just' or 'true' man).
186:101 Names of Ahura Mazda
1536:(organized by chapter).
1431:60.2β7 constitute the
1015:plant and its divinity.
1491:, "offering to water".
1160:
151:Zoroastrian literature
1959:Shikand-gumanig Vizar
1757:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1733:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1677:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1642:, pp. 337, n131.
1285:: an 8 verse hymn to
1218:, the "seven-chapter
1148:
863:Some sections of the
438:Zoroastrian cosmology
388:Zoroastrians in India
144:Scripture and worship
1656:Boyce, Mary (1975),
1606:Encyclopædia Iranica
1510:Translations of the
1388:is again a "hidden"
1319:has the text of the
680:Encyclopedia Iranica
559:The function of the
393:Zoroastrians in Iran
259:Accounts and legends
2015:Religion portal
1338:is a praise to the
1121:Zoroastrian prayers
939:1. Most verses in
817:seven-chapter Yasna
804:Zoroastrian prayers
457:Religion portal
309:History and culture
1954:Dana-i Menog Khrat
1949:Frahang-i Oim-evak
1944:Frahang-i Pahlavig
1914:Book of Arda Viraf
1215:Yasna Haptanghaiti
1186:Yasna Haptanghaiti
1178:Yasna Haptanghaiti
1161:
1106:19β21. These are:
1047:are comparable to
815:Yasna 35β41: the "
276:Book of Arda Viraf
206:Cypress of Kashmar
2051:Zoroastrian texts
2028:
2027:
1771:Kohlhammer Verlag
1322:a airiiema ishiio
983:5 is repeated in
895:Content summaries
892:
891:
871:5 is repeated as
757:The texts of the
491:
490:
2058:
2013:
2012:
1985:Dasatir-i-Asmani
1934:Letter of Tansar
1924:Dadestan-i Denig
1838:
1831:
1824:
1815:
1814:
1802:
1783:
1760:
1746:
1736:
1727:
1699:
1693:
1680:
1670:
1643:
1637:
1631:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1598:
1589:
1577:
1554:sacred-texts.com
1549:
1529:
1469:constitutes the
1450:Afrinagan Dahman
1437:Afrinagan Dahman
1375:10, the hymn to
1180:("seven-chapter
1159:(Bodleian MS J2)
1117:Yatha Ahu Vairyo
1024:constitutes the
945:ayese yeshti ...
769:s (from Avestan
754:
753:
703:ceremony is the
593:texts. A normal
534:
533:
524:
523:
520:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
483:
476:
469:
455:
454:
191:Adur Burzen-Mihr
42:
19:
18:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2007:
1999:
1963:
1896:
1848:
1842:
1795:
1789:
1787:
1781:
1717:10.2307/2844296
1668:
1651:
1646:
1638:
1634:
1626:
1619:
1610:
1608:
1600:
1599:
1592:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1557:
1551:
1542:
1537:
1531:
1507:
935:2β4 complement
897:
785:Younger Avestan
752:
747:
654:
557:
531:
501:
497:
487:
449:
444:
443:
442:
427:
419:
418:
417:
382:
374:
373:
372:
331:
330:
310:
302:
301:
300:
286:Story of Sanjan
260:
252:
251:
250:
145:
137:
136:
135:
100:
99:Divine entities
92:
91:
90:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2064:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1995:Qissa-i Sanjan
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1902:Middle Persian
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1862:Khordeh Avesta
1858:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1841:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1794:
1793:External links
1791:
1786:
1785:
1779:
1762:
1748:
1738:
1728:
1711:(1/2): 75β89,
1700:
1682:
1672:
1666:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1640:Stausberg 2004
1632:
1617:
1590:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1540:
1538:
1518:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1492:
1477:
1461:
1440:
1413:
1400:
1380:
1356:
1347:
1344:Staota Yesniia
1330:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1305:Vahishto Ishti
1294:
1277:
1273:Vohu Khshathra
1262:
1247:
1232:
1223:
1204:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1132:
1124:
1094:
1085:
1068:
1053:Staota Yesniia
1039:
1016:
996:
948:
912:
896:
893:
890:
889:
861:
860:
859:
858:
855:
848:
845:
836:
835:
832:
831:
830:
827:
826:
825:
822:
821:
820:
799:Yasna 1β27.12
751:
748:
746:
743:
653:
650:
641:Vedic Sanskrit
556:
553:
541:Zoroastrianism
489:
488:
486:
485:
478:
471:
463:
460:
459:
446:
445:
441:
440:
435:
429:
428:
426:Related topics
425:
424:
421:
420:
416:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
384:
383:
380:
379:
376:
375:
371:
370:
365:
360:
359:
358:
353:
343:
338:
332:
329:
328:
323:
318:
312:
311:
308:
307:
304:
303:
299:
298:
293:
291:Chinvat Bridge
288:
283:
281:Book of Jamasp
278:
273:
268:
262:
261:
258:
257:
254:
253:
249:
248:
243:
238:
236:Khordeh Avesta
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
176:Airyaman ishya
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
147:
146:
143:
142:
139:
138:
134:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
106:Amesha Spentas
102:
101:
98:
97:
94:
93:
89:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
52:
51:
49:Primary topics
48:
47:
44:
43:
35:
34:
32:Zoroastrianism
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2063:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2002:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1929:Menog-i Khrad
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1790:
1782:
1780:3-17-017120-8
1776:
1772:
1769:, Stuttgart:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1667:90-04-10474-7
1663:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1641:
1636:
1629:
1628:Malandra 2006
1624:
1622:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1556:(plain text).
1555:
1547:
1539:
1535:
1527:
1523:
1522:Avesta: Yasna
1517:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1258:Spenta Mainyu
1254:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1158:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1076:, the Bhagan
1075:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
960:
955:
953:
949:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
925:
919:
917:
913:
910:
905:
903:
899:
898:
888:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
856:
853:
849:
846:
843:
842:
841:
840:
839:
834:Yasna 54.2β72
833:
828:
823:
818:
814:
813:
811:
808:Yasna 28β34:
807:
806:
805:
801:
800:
798:
797:
796:
794:
790:
786:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
755:
742:
740:
736:
731:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
664:
659:
649:
647:
646:
642:
638:
633:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
598:
596:
592:
591:
586:
585:
580:
579:
574:
570:
566:
562:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
528:
522:
495:
484:
479:
477:
472:
470:
465:
464:
462:
461:
458:
453:
448:
447:
439:
436:
434:
431:
430:
423:
422:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
385:
378:
377:
369:
366:
364:
361:
357:
354:
352:
349:
348:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
313:
306:
305:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
263:
256:
255:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
201:Adur Gushnasp
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
148:
141:
140:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
103:
96:
95:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
72:
69:
67:
64:
62:
59:
57:
54:
53:
46:
45:
41:
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
1990:The Rivayats
1980:Jamasp Namag
1866:
1809:Avesta/Yasna
1788:
1766:
1756:
1742:
1732:
1708:
1704:
1688:
1676:
1657:
1649:Bibliography
1635:
1609:. Retrieved
1605:
1583:
1575:
1545:
1521:
1511:
1509:
1495:
1494:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1457:
1454:Yenghe hatam
1453:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1436:
1433:Dahma Afriti
1428:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1372:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1350:
1349:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1304:
1297:
1296:
1290:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1250:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1163:
1162:
1154:
1149:
1137:Yenghe hatam
1135:
1127:
1116:
1112:Ahuna Vairya
1110:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1005:
999:
998:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
957:
951:
950:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
921:
915:
914:
908:
901:
900:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
862:
837:
782:
778:
770:
766:
762:
758:
738:
734:
732:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
709:
700:
695:
692:Angra Mainyu
683:
675:
671:
667:
661:
657:
655:
643:
636:
634:
630:
626:
618:
601:
599:
594:
588:
582:
576:
572:
569:Angra Mainyu
560:
558:
548:
493:
492:
296:Frashokereti
241:The Rivayats
215:
196:Adur Farnbag
181:Fire Temples
171:Yenghe hatam
166:Ahuna Vairya
131:Angra Mainyu
1845:Zoroastrian
789:Old Avestan
745:The liturgy
688:Ahura MazdΔ
652:The service
607:Old Avestan
578:apæ zaothra
565:Ahura Mazda
326:Khurramites
76:Persia/Iran
61:Zarathustra
56:Ahura Mazda
2035:Categories
1919:Bundahishn
1847:literature
1805:Wikisource
1696:Wikisource
1611:2023-07-19
1563:References
1534:avesta.org
1412:17 and 26.
1293:8.5 β 8.8.
1200:Ahunavaiti
1155:Ahunavaiti
1129:Ashem Vohu
975:1, and in
625:comments.
623:exegetical
551:ceremony.
532:π¬«π¬π¬―π¬₯π¬
346:Initiation
161:Ashem Vohu
71:Vohu Manah
1568:Citations
1243:Ushtavait
1174:Zoroaster
1026:Fravarane
615:Zoroaster
535:) is the
381:Adherents
341:Festivals
321:Mazdakism
316:Zurvanism
271:BundahiΕ‘n
81:Faravahar
2020:Category
1887:Chihrdad
1877:Vendidad
1872:Visperad
1505:Editions
1342:and the
875:37, and
728:Vendidad
724:Visperad
621:include
590:Vendidad
584:Visperad
555:Overview
539:name of
363:Marriage
336:Calendar
226:Visperad
221:Vendidad
126:Fravashi
24:a series
22:Part of
1975:Sad-dar
1939:Denkard
1906:Pahlavi
1854:Avestan
1803:
1753:"Yasna"
1725:2844296
1580:"Yasna"
1488:Ab-Zohr
1474:Nyashes
1424:ashavan
1364:is the
1038:ritual.
1004:is the
965:zaothra
922:Barsom
852:Ab-Zohr
716:Ab-Zohr
705:Ab-Zohr
678:). The
537:Avestan
527:Avestan
266:DΔnkard
246:Ab-Zohr
111:Yazatas
86:Avestan
2041:Avesta
1882:Gathas
1777:
1723:
1691:
1664:
1472:Ataksh
1397:Dahman
1377:Mithra
1367:Sarosh
1340:Gathas
1170:Gathas
1152:28.1,
1084:28β53.
1031:Gathas
959:Sarosh
929:barsom
920:, the
793:Gathas
771:ha'iti
611:Gathas
571:. The
545:Avesta
408:Iranis
398:Parsis
368:Burial
356:Sedreh
351:Kushti
231:Yashts
211:Gathas
156:Avesta
121:Daevas
116:Ahuras
1968:Other
1892:Yasht
1867:Yasna
1721:JSTOR
1512:Yasna
1498:70β72
1496:Yasna
1483:63β69
1481:Yasna
1465:Yasna
1458:Yasna
1444:Yasna
1429:Yasna
1417:Yasna
1410:Yasna
1404:Yasna
1390:Yasht
1384:Yasna
1373:Yasht
1369:Yasht
1360:Yasna
1351:Yasna
1334:Yasna
1327:Yasna
1315:Yasna
1307:Gatha
1298:Yasna
1291:Yasna
1281:Yasna
1275:Gatha
1266:Yasna
1260:Gatha
1253:47β50
1251:Yasna
1245:Gatha
1238:43β46
1236:Yasna
1227:Yasna
1220:Yasna
1210:35β41
1208:Yasna
1202:Gatha
1195:28β34
1193:Yasna
1182:Yasna
1166:28β53
1164:Yasna
1157:Gatha
1150:Yasna
1104:Yasna
1098:Yasna
1091:22β26
1089:Yasna
1082:Yasna
1078:Yasht
1074:19β21
1072:Yasna
1065:Yasna
1061:Yasna
1057:Yasna
1049:Yasna
1045:13β18
1043:Yasna
1036:Kusti
1020:Yasna
1013:Haoma
1008:Yasht
1000:Yasna
993:Yasna
989:Yasna
985:Yasna
981:Yasna
977:Yasna
973:Yasna
969:Yasna
952:Yasna
941:Yasna
937:Yasna
933:Yasna
924:Yasht
916:Yasna
909:Yasna
902:Yasna
885:Yasna
881:Yasna
877:Yasna
873:Yasna
869:Yasna
865:Yasna
810:Gatha
779:Yasna
775:Kusti
765:s or
759:Yasna
739:Yasna
735:Yasna
720:Yasna
712:Yasna
701:yasna
696:yasna
684:yasna
658:yasna
645:yajna
637:yasna
627:Yasna
619:Yasna
602:Yasna
595:yasna
573:yasna
561:yasna
549:yasna
494:Yasna
216:Yasna
1775:ISBN
1662:ISBN
1287:Ashi
1134:The
1126:The
1109:The
1006:Hom
1002:9β11
987:37.
961:dron
726:and
710:The
676:asha
672:asha
668:asha
663:asha
600:The
587:and
66:Asha
1713:doi
1552:at
1532:at
1460:27.
1394:cf.
1329:27.
1055:of
995:17.
967:).
954:3β8
763:had
2037::
1773:,
1755:,
1719:,
1709:74
1707:,
1620:^
1604:.
1593:^
1582:.
1524:,
1467:62
1452:,
1446:61
1419:60
1406:59
1399:).
1386:58
1362:57
1353:56
1336:55
1317:54
1302::
1300:53
1283:52
1270::
1268:51
1255::
1240::
1229:42
1212::
1197::
1188:.
1100:27
1067:6.
1022:12
812:1
781:.
767:ha
730:.
648:.
631:Y.
529::
525:;
26:on
1904:/
1837:e
1830:t
1823:v
1784:.
1761:.
1747:.
1737:.
1715::
1698:.
1681:.
1671:.
1630:.
1614:.
1588:.
1550:.
1530:.
1439:.
1379:.
1346:.
1123:.
918:2
904:1
819:"
521:/
518:Ι
515:n
512:s
509:Κ
506:j
503:Λ
500:/
496:(
482:e
475:t
468:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.