33:
156:. Find the amount of millet that it can hold." However, the answer is given in a different set of units. The 37th problem is the "Washing Bowls Problem": "Now there was a woman washing cups by the river. An officer asked, "Why are there so many cups?" The woman replied, "There were guests in the house, but I do not know how many there were. However, every 2 persons had thick sauce, every 3 persons had soup and every 4 persons had rice; 65 cups were used altogether." Find the number of persons." The answer is given as 60 persons.
94:"Zhang Qiujian suanjing has an important place in the world history of mathematics: it is one of those rare books before AD 500 that manifests the upward development of mathematics fundamentally due to the notations of the numeral system and the common fraction. The numeral system has a place value notation with ten as base, and the concise notation of the common fraction is the one we still use today."
106:
objectives in writing the book clearly. There are three objectives: The first is to explain how to handle arithmetical operations involving fractions; the second objective is to put forth new improved methods for solving old problems; and, the third objective is to present computational methods in a precise and comprehensible form.
109:
Here is a typical problem of
Chapter 1: "Divide 6587 2/3 and 3/4 by 58 Δ±/2. How much is it?" The answer is given as 112 437/702 with a detailed description of the process by which the answer is obtained. This description makes use of the Chinese rod numerals. The chapter considers several real world
105:
In its surviving form, the book has a preface and three chapters. There are two missing bits, one at the end of
Chapter 1 and one at the beginning of Chapter 3. Chapter 1 consists of 32 problems, Chapter 2 of 22 problems and Chapter 3 of 38 problems. In the preface, the author has set forth his
97:
Almost nothing is known about the author Zhang
Qiujian, sometimes written as Chang Ch'iu-Chin or Chang Ch'iu-chien. It is estimated that he lived from 430 to 490 CE, but there is no consensus.
140:
In
Chapter 3, there are several problems connected with volumes of solids which are granaries. Here is an example: "Now there is a pit with a rectangular base. The width of the upper is 4
187:
Ang Tian Se, a student of
University of Malaya, prepared an English translation of Zhang Qiujian Suanjing as part of the MA Dissertation. But the translation has not been published.
91:
one can find the continuation of the development of mathematics from the earlier two classics. Internal evidences suggest that book was compiled sometime between 466 and 485 CE.
163:
which is often considered as one of the earliest examples involving equations with indeterminate solutions. "Now one cock is worth 5
74:
218:
320:
117:. Here is a typical problem: "Now there was a person who stole a horse and rode off with it. After he has traveled 73
310:
262:
Lam Lay Yong (September 1997). "Zhang
Qiujian Suanjing (The Mathematical Classic of Zhang Qiujian)." An Overview".
211:
Encyclopaedia of the
History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures (Editor: Helaine Selin)
17:
315:
62:
235:
114:
129:
ahead before turning back. If he had not turned back but continued to chase, find the distance in
32:
160:
66:
8:
54:
271:
214:
113:
In
Chapter 2, among others, there are a few problem requiring application of the
79:
304:
57:, Zhang Qiujian. It is one of ten mathematical books known collectively as
275:
83:(The Mathematical Classic of Sunzi) are two of these texts that precede
148:. The length of the upper is 5 chi and the length of the lower is 8
179:. In each case, find the number of cocks, hens and chicks bought."
29:
Work of the fifth century
Chinese mathematician, Zhang Qiujian
110:
problems where computations with fractions appear naturally.
87:. All three works share a large number of common topics. In
69:, these ten outstanding works were selected as textbooks.
293:. M.A. Dissertation, University of Malaya (Unpublished).
291:
65:). In 656 CE, when mathematics was included in the
233:
133:before he reached ." Answer is given as 238 3/14
302:
213:. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. pp. 2353β2354.
53:) is the only known work of the fifth century
121:, the owner realized and gave chase for 145
261:
208:
288:
175:. It is required to buy 100 fowls with 100
159:The last problem in the book is the famous
75:The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
50:The Mathematical Classic of Zhang Qiujian
31:
227:
204:
202:
200:
14:
303:
182:
264:Archive for History of Exact Sciences
257:
255:
197:
24:
252:
234:Robertson, E. F.; O'Connor, J. J.
25:
332:
144:and the width of the lower is 7
240:www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk
282:
13:
1:
190:
63:The Ten Computational Canons
7:
100:
10:
337:
321:5th-century Chinese books
236:"Zhang Qiujian biography"
311:Mathematics manuscripts
89:Zhang Qiujian suanjing
85:Zhang Qiujian suanjing
44:Zhang Qiujian Suanjing
39:
37:Zhang Qiujian Suanjing
209:Lam Lay Yong (2008).
161:Hundred Fowls Problem
67:imperial examinations
55:Chinese mathematician
35:
289:Ang Tian Se (1969).
316:Chinese mathematics
183:English translation
40:
220:978-1-4020-4960-6
152:. The depth is 1
16:(Redirected from
328:
295:
294:
286:
280:
279:
259:
250:
249:
247:
246:
231:
225:
224:
206:
71:Jiuzhang suanshu
21:
336:
335:
331:
330:
329:
327:
326:
325:
301:
300:
299:
298:
287:
283:
270:(34): 201β240.
260:
253:
244:
242:
232:
228:
221:
207:
198:
193:
185:
171:and 3 chicks 1
103:
59:Suanjing shishu
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
334:
324:
323:
318:
313:
297:
296:
281:
251:
226:
219:
195:
194:
192:
189:
184:
181:
102:
99:
80:Sunzi Suanjing
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
333:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
308:
306:
292:
285:
277:
273:
269:
265:
258:
256:
241:
237:
230:
222:
216:
212:
205:
203:
201:
196:
188:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
136:
132:
128:
125:when was 23
124:
120:
116:
115:rule of three
111:
107:
98:
95:
92:
90:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
51:
46:
45:
38:
34:
27:
19:
18:Zhang Qiujian
290:
284:
267:
263:
243:. Retrieved
239:
229:
210:
186:
176:
172:
168:
167:, one hen 3
164:
158:
153:
149:
145:
141:
139:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
112:
108:
104:
96:
93:
88:
84:
78:
70:
58:
49:
48:
43:
42:
41:
36:
26:
305:Categories
245:2016-12-01
191:References
276:41134109
101:Contents
274:
217:
77:) and
272:JSTOR
154:zhang
215:ISBN
177:qian
173:qian
169:qian
165:qian
150:chi
146:chi
142:chi
307::
268:50
266:.
254:^
238:.
199:^
137:.
135:li
131:li
127:li
123:li
119:li
278:.
248:.
223:.
73:(
61:(
47:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
