326:
568:. By using a 1-bit architecture for the individual processors a very large array (e.g. the Connection Machine had 65,536 processors) could be constructed with the chip technology available at the time. In this case the slow computation of a 1-bit processor was traded off against the large number of processors.
503:
The memory for this system is composed of one MCM7641 512-word by 8 bit PROM memory. Because the program counter is only 8 bits wide, only 256 words, (half of the memory), can be used at any one time. However, by wiring the most significant bit of the memory's address high or low, the system designer
466:
Computers and microcomputers may also be used, but they tend to overcomplicate the task and often require highly trained personnel to develop and maintain the system. A simpler device, designed to operate on inputs and outputs one-at-a-time and configured to resemble a relay system, was introduced.
493:
chained together to create 8 bits of memory address. This gives the system the capability of addressing 256 separate memory words. The counters are configured to count up on the rising edge of the ICU clock (CLK) signal and reset to zero when the ICU is reset. Notice that the program counter count
714:
Probably my most favorite is the Wang 500. It's got several unique things about it: a very unusual ROM memory made of hundreds of long enamel-coated wires wrapped around iron cores; a super-fast single-bit CPU built out of SSI logic chips; and of course tons of really cool-looking colorful
946:
571:
1-bit CPUs can now be considered obsolete; not many kinds have ever been produced, still as of 2022 some MC14500B chips are available from brokers for obsolete parts.
312:
824:(NB. Also available in German language under the title "Motorola MC14500B Industrial Control Unit Handbuch - Theorie und Anwendung eines Ein-Bit-CMOS-Prozessors".)
2111:
851:
875:
Ludwig, Volker; Paschenda, Klaus; Schepers, Heinz; Terglane, Hermann-Josef; Grannemann, Klaus; John, Burkhard; Komar, Hermann; Meinersen, Ludwig (1986).
630:
504:
can select between two separate programs with only a jumper option. This might be a desirable feature if extremely fast system changes are required.
1083:
690:
809:
2222:
1405:
305:
885:
1924:
1047:
740:
665:
1202:
798:
Motorola MC14500B Industrial
Control Unit Handbook - Theory and Operation of a CMOS one-bit processor compatible with B series CMOS devices
542:
There are also several design studies for 1-bit architectures in academia, and corresponding 1-bit logic can also be found in programming.
2081:
1647:
1464:
494:
sequence cannot be altered by any operation of the ICU. This confirms that the system is configured to have a looping control structure.
2435:
909:
444:
1427:
298:
245:
2076:
938:
3019:
2148:
251:
976:
2430:
1901:
234:
223:
535:
This architecture was considered superior for programs making decisions rather than performing arithmetic computations, for
2845:
1969:
1232:
1076:
805:
600:
471:(PLC). The Motorola MC14500B Industrial Control Unit (ICU) is the monolithic embodiment of the PLC's central architecture
212:
1016:
996:
623:"First Computer Made From Carbon Nanotubes Debuts - The modest 1-bit, 1 kHz machine could usher in a new post-silicon era"
2855:
1996:
1123:
390:
which, on modern systems, is implemented in an on-chip register, but is not implemented on-chip in some 1-bit systems.
462:
Industrial
Control Unit (ICU), introduced in 1977 and manufactured at least up into the mid 1990s. Its manual states:
2163:
1991:
1964:
1343:
917:
2978:
2541:
1434:
1400:
1395:
1314:
1279:
285:
838:
769:
2953:
2850:
2251:
2158:
1959:
1180:
1069:
474:
There are functions for which one bit machines are poorly suited. Under some circumstances, a combination of an
280:
275:
386:. A 1-bit register can only store two different values. This is very restrictive and therefore not enough for a
1979:
1698:
1133:
2153:
2001:
1974:
1835:
1449:
1410:
1267:
702:
661:
622:
546:
468:
330:
2590:
2352:
1828:
1789:
1444:
1439:
1373:
1185:
409:
265:
202:
44:
28:
2217:
1914:
1612:
1309:
401:
is still used in modern computers, that are otherwise e.g. 64-bit, and thus also have much larger buses.
2867:
2514:
1931:
1422:
1390:
1160:
1148:
1128:
345:
189:
184:
179:
2958:
2921:
2911:
1299:
795:
Gregory, Vern; Dellande, Brian; DiSilvestro, Ray; Malarkey, Terry; Smith, Phil; Hadley, Mike (1977).
199:
796:
2973:
2380:
2316:
2293:
2143:
2105:
1941:
1891:
1886:
1363:
1257:
1165:
1039:
876:
405:
727:
2926:
2709:
2603:
2567:
2484:
2468:
2310:
2099:
2058:
2046:
1909:
1823:
1744:
1509:
1170:
1113:
736:
652:
580:
440:
364:
24:
2732:
2704:
2614:
2579:
2328:
2322:
2304:
2038:
2032:
1936:
1840:
1731:
1670:
1532:
1175:
262:
2906:
2815:
2561:
2273:
2091:
1850:
1818:
1776:
1688:
1489:
1304:
1294:
1284:
1274:
1244:
1227:
1092:
560:
computers used 1-bit architectures for the processors as well. Examples include the May 1983
368:
338:
2936:
2872:
2458:
2180:
2070:
2017:
1549:
1262:
1118:
1100:
398:
164:
412:(and has only 178 transistors; since it has only one instruction though it can emulate 20
8:
2983:
2968:
2788:
2639:
2621:
2585:
2573:
2227:
2174:
1951:
1867:
1749:
1604:
1499:
1358:
525:
394:
for at least one 1-bit processor architecture were 4-bit and the address bus was 8-bit.
3014:
2840:
2832:
2684:
2659:
2463:
2338:
1862:
1803:
1683:
1415:
1143:
565:
557:
518:. A typical sequence of instructions from a program for a 1-bit architecture might be:
515:
372:
240:
229:
2793:
2760:
2676:
2608:
2509:
2499:
2489:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2333:
2262:
2168:
2128:
1761:
1711:
1661:
1637:
1519:
1459:
1454:
1336:
1252:
972:
490:
459:
452:
413:
360:
149:
144:
139:
1038:
Schembri, Thierry; Bizoirre, Sylvain; Boisseau, Olivier; Chauvaud, Pierre-Emmanuel.
2963:
2896:
2882:
2737:
2644:
2598:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2375:
2245:
2212:
2123:
2118:
2027:
1879:
1874:
1857:
1845:
1784:
1348:
1326:
1212:
1190:
1108:
550:
349:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
1012:
2877:
2862:
2810:
2714:
2689:
2526:
2519:
2370:
2365:
2299:
2207:
2197:
1919:
1754:
1706:
1469:
1353:
1321:
1222:
1217:
1138:
528:
the value in the 1-bit register with input 2, leaving the result in the register;
486:
425:
387:
379:
174:
64:
59:
2988:
2822:
2805:
2798:
2694:
2551:
2288:
2202:
2133:
1716:
1678:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1331:
1155:
992:
595:
3008:
2783:
2699:
1739:
1721:
1514:
1207:
475:
1642:
2993:
2931:
2747:
2724:
2536:
2257:
1195:
561:
536:
2778:
2742:
2453:
2425:
2283:
2138:
1061:
590:
585:
383:
154:
694:
2664:
2654:
2649:
2631:
2531:
2504:
1766:
1599:
1569:
1289:
765:
99:
2755:
2752:
2494:
1564:
1542:
458:
An example of a 1-bit architecture that was marketed as a CPU is the
448:
218:
2770:
1589:
847:
794:
1579:
1537:
1594:
1559:
1524:
874:
433:
391:
2052:
1584:
1554:
436:
computer using a 1-bit ALU, processing the 12 bits serially.
429:
382:
of any kind that are exclusively 1-bit for all registers and
325:
1037:
884:(in German). Neuss & Recklinghausen, Germany: DATANorf.
2916:
2064:
1984:
1574:
651:"III. System Logic - 3.4. Control Circuits - 3.4.1 Adder".
514:
One of the computers known to be based on this CPU was the
1504:
1494:
439:
An example of a 1-bit computer built from discrete logic
355:
20:
832:
830:
790:
788:
786:
627:
IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and
Science News
428:
processes data a single bit at a time. For example, the
467:
These devices became known to the controls industry as
846:. Semiconductor Technical Data (revision 3 ed.).
827:
783:
660:(4th printing ed.). Maynard, Massachusetts, US:
720:
478:MPU and an MC14500B ICU may be the best solution.
531:write the value in the 1-bit register to output 1.
699:Computer Collector Newsletter / Technology Rewind
3006:
868:
397:While 1-bit computing is mostly obsolete, 1-bit
371:(ALU) architectures are those that are based on
451:(1971/1972) word processor series developed by
1077:
614:
306:
902:
701:(Interview). Interviewed by Koblentz, Evan.
683:
2082:Computer performance by orders of magnitude
664:. August 1969 . pp. 3-14–3-15. F-87S.
522:load digital input 1 into a 1-bit register;
1091:
1084:
1070:
757:
545:Other examples of 1-bit architectures are
313:
299:
931:
689:
620:
509:MC14500B Industrial Control Unit Handbook
404:While 1-bit CPUs are obsolete, the first
324:
990:
970:
644:
539:as well as for serial data processing.
3007:
878:Fast alles ĂĽber den WDR-1-Bit-Computer
763:
489:is composed of two MC145168 binary up-
447:(1970/1971) calculator as well as the
1065:
2053:Floating-point operations per second
837:"Industrial Control Unit MC14500B".
806:Motorola Semiconductor Products Inc.
601:Enhanced Serial Peripheral Interface
13:
964:
729:Product Service - Schematic manual
14:
3031:
1031:
603:(eSPI) allows 1-bit communication
2979:Semiconductor device fabrication
695:"LED calculators rule her house"
621:Courtland, Rachel (2013-09-25).
39:Computer architecture bit widths
2954:History of general-purpose CPUs
1181:Nondeterministic Turing machine
1050:from the original on 2017-05-20
1019:from the original on 2017-03-20
999:from the original on 2017-05-20
979:from the original on 2017-08-03
949:from the original on 2022-06-15
920:from the original on 2022-06-15
891:from the original on 2017-05-20
857:from the original on 2017-05-20
815:from the original on 2022-04-01
772:from the original on 2017-05-21
746:from the original on 2017-05-20
705:from the original on 2019-12-27
671:from the original on 2021-10-23
633:from the original on 2022-06-15
16:Computer architecture bit width
3020:Programmable logic controllers
1134:Deterministic finite automaton
547:programmable logic controllers
469:programmable logic controllers
1:
1925:Simultaneous and heterogenous
973:"The famous/infamous MC14500"
766:"Wang 1200 - Wang WP History"
662:Digital Equipment Corporation
607:
331:programmable logic controller
2609:Integrated memory controller
2591:Translation lookaside buffer
1790:Memory dependence prediction
1233:Random-access stored program
1186:Probabilistic Turing machine
910:"MC14500B Price & Stock"
410:one-instruction set computer
29:one-instruction set computer
7:
2065:Synaptic updates per second
574:
10:
3036:
2469:Heterogeneous architecture
1391:Orthogonal instruction set
1161:Alternating Turing machine
1149:Quantum cellular automaton
850:. 1995. pp. 306–313.
764:Battle, Jim (2010-03-07).
654:PDP-8/S Maintenance Manual
378:There are no computers or
18:
2959:Microprocessor chronology
2946:
2922:Dynamic frequency scaling
2895:
2831:
2769:
2723:
2675:
2630:
2550:
2477:
2446:
2351:
2272:
2236:
2190:
2090:
2077:Cache performance metrics
2016:
1950:
1900:
1811:
1802:
1775:
1730:
1697:
1669:
1660:
1480:
1383:
1372:
1243:
1099:
971:Mueller, Dieter (2005) .
352:units are those that are
2974:Hardware security module
2317:Digital signal processor
2294:Graphics processing unit
2106:Graphics processing unit
1013:"A MC14500 modification"
1011:Mueller, Dieter (2008).
993:"MC14500 and arithmetic"
991:Mueller, Dieter (2008).
840:Motorola CMOS Logic Data
419:
406:carbon nanotube computer
19:Not to be confused with
2927:Dynamic voltage scaling
2710:Memory address register
2604:Branch target predictor
2568:Address generation unit
2311:Physics processing unit
2100:Central processing unit
2059:Transactions per second
2047:Instructions per second
1970:Array processing (SIMT)
1114:Stored-program computer
737:Wang Laboratories, Inc.
581:Bit-serial architecture
365:central processing unit
25:bit-serial architecture
2733:Hardwired control unit
2615:Memory management unit
2580:Memory management unit
2329:Secure cryptoprocessor
2323:Tensor Processing Unit
2305:Vision processing unit
2039:Cycles per instruction
2033:Instructions per cycle
1980:Associative processing
1671:Instruction pipelining
1093:Processor technologies
549:(PLCs), programmed in
512:
334:
263:Decimal floating-point
2816:Sum-addressed decoder
2562:Arithmetic logic unit
1689:Classic RISC pipeline
1643:Epiphany architecture
1490:Motorola 68000 series
464:
408:from 2013 is a 1-bit
369:arithmetic logic unit
339:computer architecture
328:
200:Binary floating-point
2937:Performance per watt
2515:replacement policies
2181:Package on a package
2071:Performance per watt
1975:Pipelined processing
1745:Tomasulo's algorithm
1550:Clipper architecture
1406:Application-specific
1119:Finite-state machine
1040:"WDR-1-Bit Computer"
399:serial communication
363:) wide. Also, 1-bit
2969:Digital electronics
2622:Instruction decoder
2574:Floating-point unit
2228:Soft microprocessor
2175:System in a package
1750:Reservation station
1280:Transport-triggered
2841:Integrated circuit
2685:Processor register
2339:Baseband processor
1684:Operand forwarding
1144:Cellular automaton
566:Connection Machine
558:massively parallel
516:WDR 1-bit computer
335:
3002:
3001:
2891:
2890:
2510:Instruction cache
2500:Scratchpad memory
2347:
2346:
2334:Network processor
2263:Network on a chip
2218:Ultra-low-voltage
2169:Multi-chip module
2012:
2011:
1798:
1797:
1785:Branch prediction
1762:Register renaming
1656:
1655:
1638:VISC architecture
1460:Quantum computing
1455:VISC architecture
1337:Secondary storage
1253:Microarchitecture
1213:Register machines
1044:OLD-COMPUTERS.COM
739:1974. 03-0019-0.
460:Motorola MC14500B
453:Wang Laboratories
323:
322:
3027:
2964:Processor design
2856:Power management
2738:Instruction unit
2599:Branch predictor
2548:
2547:
2246:System on a chip
2188:
2187:
2028:Transistor count
1952:Flynn's taxonomy
1809:
1808:
1667:
1666:
1470:Addressing modes
1381:
1380:
1327:Memory hierarchy
1191:Hypercomputation
1109:Abstract machine
1086:
1079:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1007:
1005:
1004:
987:
985:
984:
958:
957:
955:
954:
935:
929:
928:
926:
925:
914:www.digipart.com
906:
900:
899:
897:
896:
890:
883:
872:
866:
865:
863:
862:
856:
845:
834:
825:
823:
821:
820:
814:
803:
792:
781:
780:
778:
777:
761:
755:
754:
752:
751:
745:
734:
724:
718:
717:
711:
710:
691:Wasserman, Katie
687:
681:
679:
677:
676:
670:
659:
648:
642:
641:
639:
638:
618:
551:instruction list
510:
380:microcontrollers
358:
315:
308:
301:
36:
35:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3005:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2984:Tick–tock model
2942:
2898:
2887:
2827:
2811:Address decoder
2765:
2719:
2715:Program counter
2690:Status register
2671:
2626:
2586:Load–store unit
2553:
2546:
2473:
2442:
2343:
2300:Image processor
2275:
2268:
2238:
2232:
2208:Microcontroller
2198:Embedded system
2186:
2086:
2019:
2008:
1946:
1896:
1794:
1771:
1755:Re-order buffer
1726:
1707:Data dependency
1693:
1652:
1482:
1476:
1375:
1374:Instruction set
1368:
1354:Multiprocessing
1322:Cache hierarchy
1315:Register/memory
1239:
1139:Queue automaton
1095:
1090:
1053:
1051:
1034:
1022:
1020:
1010:
1002:
1000:
982:
980:
967:
965:Further reading
962:
961:
952:
950:
937:
936:
932:
923:
921:
908:
907:
903:
894:
892:
888:
881:
873:
869:
860:
858:
854:
843:
836:
835:
828:
818:
816:
812:
801:
793:
784:
775:
773:
762:
758:
749:
747:
743:
732:
726:
725:
721:
708:
706:
693:(March 2006) .
688:
684:
674:
672:
668:
657:
650:
649:
645:
636:
634:
619:
615:
610:
577:
511:
508:
500:
487:program counter
484:
482:Program Counter
426:serial computer
422:
416:instructions).
388:program counter
353:
319:
290:
257:
194:
159:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3033:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2989:Pin grid array
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2837:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2823:Barrel shifter
2820:
2819:
2818:
2813:
2806:Binary decoder
2803:
2802:
2801:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2729:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2695:Stack register
2692:
2687:
2681:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2636:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2588:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2558:
2556:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2487:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2302:
2297:
2291:
2289:AI accelerator
2286:
2280:
2278:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2260:
2255:
2252:Multiprocessor
2249:
2242:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2203:Microprocessor
2200:
2194:
2192:
2191:By application
2185:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2134:Tile processor
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2103:
2096:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2030:
2024:
2022:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1994:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1934:
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443:chips is the
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38:
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34:
30:
26:
22:
2994:Chip carrier
2932:Clock gating
2851:Mixed-signal
2748:Write buffer
2725:Control unit
2537:Clock signal
2360:
2276:accelerators
2258:Cypress PSoC
1915:Simultaneous
1732:Out-of-order
1364:Neuromorphic
1245:Architecture
1203:Belt machine
1196:Zeno machine
1129:Hierarchical
1052:. Retrieved
1043:
1021:. Retrieved
1001:. Retrieved
981:. Retrieved
951:. Retrieved
943:www.ebay.com
942:
933:
922:. Retrieved
913:
904:
893:. Retrieved
877:
870:
859:. Retrieved
839:
817:. Retrieved
808:33-B78/8.0.
797:
774:. Retrieved
759:
748:. Retrieved
728:
722:
713:
707:. Retrieved
698:
685:
673:. Retrieved
653:
646:
635:. Retrieved
626:
616:
570:
562:Goodyear MPP
555:
544:
541:
537:ladder logic
534:
513:
502:
497:
496:
481:
480:
473:
465:
457:
438:
423:
403:
396:
377:
342:
336:
54:
33:
2779:Multiplexer
2743:Data buffer
2454:Single-core
2426:bit slicing
2284:Coprocessor
2139:Coprocessor
2020:performance
1942:Cooperative
1932:Speculative
1892:Distributed
1851:Superscalar
1836:Instruction
1804:Parallelism
1777:Speculative
1609:System/3x0
1481:Instruction
1258:Von Neumann
1171:Post–Turing
680:(191 pages)
591:Bit slicing
586:Bit banging
165:Application
155:bit slicing
3009:Categories
2899:management
2794:Multiplier
2655:Logic gate
2645:Sequential
2552:Functional
2532:Clock rate
2505:Data cache
2478:Components
2459:Multi-core
2447:Core count
1937:Preemptive
1841:Pipelining
1824:Bit-serial
1767:Wide-issue
1712:Structural
1634:Tilera ISA
1600:MicroBlaze
1570:ETRAX CRIS
1465:Comparison
1310:Load–store
1290:Endianness
1054:2017-05-20
1023:2018-07-18
1003:2018-07-18
983:2018-07-18
953:2019-11-04
939:"MC14500B"
924:2021-03-29
895:2017-05-20
861:2012-08-01
819:2017-05-20
776:2017-05-21
750:2017-05-20
709:2017-05-20
675:2022-06-15
637:2021-04-18
608:References
367:(CPU) and
333:MC14500BCP
3015:Data unit
2833:Circuitry
2753:Microcode
2677:Registers
2520:coherence
2495:CPU cache
2353:Word size
2018:Processor
1662:Execution
1565:DEC Alpha
1543:Power ISA
1359:Cognitive
1166:Universal
449:Wang 1200
373:registers
348:or other
266:precision
203:precision
2771:Datapath
2464:Manycore
2436:variable
2274:Hardware
1910:Temporal
1590:OpenRISC
1285:Cellular
1275:Dataflow
1268:modified
1048:Archived
1017:Archived
997:Archived
977:Archived
947:Archived
918:Archived
886:Archived
852:Archived
848:Motorola
810:Archived
770:Archived
741:Archived
703:Archived
666:Archived
631:Archived
575:See also
507:—
491:counters
445:Wang 500
346:integers
2947:Related
2878:Quantum
2868:Digital
2863:Boolean
2761:Counter
2660:Quantum
2421:512-bit
2416:256-bit
2411:128-bit
2254:(MPSoC)
2239:on chip
2237:Systems
2055:(FLOPS)
1868:Process
1717:Control
1699:Hazards
1585:Itanium
1580:Unicore
1538:PowerPC
1263:Harvard
1223:Pointer
1218:Counter
1176:Quantum
430:PDP-8/S
392:Opcodes
2883:Switch
2873:Analog
2611:(IMC)
2582:(MMU)
2431:others
2406:64-bit
2401:48-bit
2396:32-bit
2391:24-bit
2386:16-bit
2381:15-bit
2376:12-bit
2213:Mobile
2129:Stream
2124:Barrel
2119:Vector
2108:(GPU)
2067:(SUPS)
2035:(IPC)
1887:Memory
1880:Vector
1863:Thread
1846:Scalar
1648:Others
1595:RISC-V
1560:SuperH
1529:Power
1525:MIPS-X
1500:PDP-11
1349:Fabric
1101:Models
553:(IL).
498:Memory
476:MC6800
434:12-bit
432:was a
329:1-bit
2939:(PPW)
2897:Power
2789:Adder
2665:Array
2632:Logic
2593:(TLB)
2576:(FPU)
2570:(AGU)
2564:(ALU)
2554:units
2490:Cache
2371:8-bit
2366:4-bit
2361:1-bit
2325:(TPU)
2319:(DSP)
2313:(PPU)
2307:(VPU)
2296:(GPU)
2265:(NoC)
2248:(SoC)
2183:(PoP)
2177:(SiP)
2171:(MCM)
2112:GPGPU
2102:(CPU)
2092:Types
2073:(PPW)
2061:(TPS)
2049:(IPS)
2041:(CPI)
1812:Level
1623:S/390
1618:S/370
1613:S/360
1555:SPARC
1533:POWER
1416:TRIPS
1384:Types
889:(PDF)
882:(PDF)
855:(PDF)
844:(PDF)
813:(PDF)
802:(PDF)
744:(PDF)
733:(PDF)
715:keys.
669:(PDF)
658:(PDF)
420:1-bit
361:octet
359:(1/8
343:1-bit
27:, or
2917:ACPI
2650:Glue
2542:FIFO
2485:Core
2223:ASIP
2164:CPLD
2159:FPOA
2154:FPGA
2149:ASIC
2002:SPMD
1997:MIMD
1992:MISD
1985:SWAR
1965:SIMD
1960:SISD
1875:Data
1858:Task
1829:Word
1575:M32R
1520:MIPS
1483:sets
1450:ZISC
1445:NISC
1440:OISC
1435:MISC
1428:EPIC
1423:VLIW
1411:EDGE
1401:RISC
1396:CISC
1305:HUMA
1300:NUMA
485:The
414:MIPS
350:data
254:(Ă—8)
248:(Ă—4)
237:(Ă—2)
226:(Ă—1)
215:(×½)
2912:APM
2907:PMU
2799:CPU
2756:ROM
2527:Bus
2144:PAL
1819:Bit
1605:LMC
1510:ARM
1505:x86
1495:VAX
441:SSI
356:bit
337:In
286:128
252:256
246:128
150:512
145:256
140:128
45:Bit
21:bit
3011::
2846:3D
1046:.
1042:.
1015:.
995:.
975:.
945:.
941:.
916:.
912:.
829:^
804:.
785:^
768:.
735:.
712:.
697:.
629:.
625:.
526:OR
455:.
424:A
354:1
341:,
281:64
276:32
241:80
235:64
230:40
224:32
219:24
213:16
190:64
185:32
180:16
135:64
130:60
125:48
120:45
115:36
110:32
105:31
100:30
95:28
90:26
85:24
80:18
75:16
70:12
23:,
1085:e
1078:t
1071:v
1057:.
1026:.
1006:.
986:.
956:.
927:.
898:.
864:.
822:.
779:.
753:.
678:.
640:.
314:e
307:t
300:v
175:8
65:8
60:4
55:1
31:.
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