325:
332:
340:
1547:, just before the Republican National Convention. Party leaders hoped to nominate a joint ticket with the Republicans to defeat Buchanan. The national convention was held on June 12 to 20, 1856 in New York. As John C. Frémont was the favorite to attain the Republican presidential nomination there was a considerable desire for the North American party to nominate him, but it was feared that in doing so they may possibly injure his chances to actually become the Republican presidential nominee. The delegates voted repeatedly on a nominee for president without a result. Nathaniel P. Banks was nominated for president on the 10th ballot over John C. Frémont and John McLean, with the understanding that he would withdraw from the race and endorse John C. Frémont once he had won the Republican presidential nomination. The delegates, preparing to return home, unanimously nominated Frémont on the 11th ballot shortly after his nomination by the Republican Party in Philadelphia. The chairman of the convention, William F. Johnston, had been nominated to run for vice president, but later withdrew when the North Americans and the Republicans failed to find an acceptable accommodation between him and the Republican vice presidential nominee,
329:
323:
354:
342:
2596:
1536:
348:
330:
2702:
2690:
335:
795:
2714:
331:
2726:
344:
769:
2651:
2627:
2639:
351:
2675:
30:
2663:
355:
720:
820:
339:
2032:
2615:
341:
328:
675:
337:
327:
1074:
2150:
1469:
2086:
Republican victory would lead to the secession of numerous southern states. The main
Democratic campaign was a counter-crusade against the Republicans. They ridiculed Frémont's military record and warned that his victory would bring civil war. Much of the private rhetoric of the campaign focused on unfounded rumors regarding Frémont—talk of him as president taking charge of a large army that would support slave insurrections, the likelihood of widespread lynchings of slaves, and whispered hope among slaves for freedom and political equality.
320:
684:
324:
107:
898:. With each succeeding ballot, Douglas gained at Pierce's expense. On the 15th ballot, most of Pierce's delegates shifted to Douglas in an attempt to stop Buchanan, but Douglas withdrew when it became clear Buchanan had the support of the majority of those at the convention, also fearing that his continued participation might lead to divisions within the party that could endanger its chances in the general election. For the first time in American history someone who had been elected president was denied re-nomination after seeking it.
1419:
2015:
1354:, Pennsylvania, on February 22 to 25, 1856. Following the decision by party leaders in 1855 not to press the slavery issue, the convention had to decide how to deal with the Ohio chapter of the party, which was vocally anti-slavery. The convention closed the Ohio chapter and re-opened it under more moderate leadership. Delegates from Ohio, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Iowa, New England, and other northern states bolted when a resolution that would have required all prospective nominees to be in favor of prohibiting slavery north of the
326:
1442:
2024:
334:
9016:
851:
137:
1048:
333:
1098:
336:
5957:
5631:
1512:
875:
338:
1916:
347:
1271:
978:
346:
122:
1290:
1125:. John C. Frémont, John McLean, William Seward, Salmon Chase, and Charles Sumner all were considered by those at the convention, but the latter three requested that their names be withdrawn. Seward and Chase did not feel that the party was yet sufficiently organized to have a realistic chance of taking the White House and were content to wait until the next election. Sumner was in no fit condition to run after being
1017:
83:
1490:
1109:. During the midterm elections of 1854–1855, the Republican Party was one of the patchwork of anti-administration parties contesting the election, but they were able to win thirteen seats in the House of Representatives for the 34th Congress. However, the party collaborated with other disaffected groups and gradually absorbed them. In the elections of 1855, the Republican Party won three governorships.
352:
2132:
won
Tennessee until 1872. This also started the long Republican trend in Vermont, which would not be broken until 1964, over a century later. The presidential election of 1856 was also the last time to date that a Democrat was elected to succeed a fellow Democrat as president, and the last one in which a former president ran for election to the presidency on a third party ticket until 1912, when
1307:
1205:
343:
353:
1977:, Maryland, on September 17 and 18, 1856. There were one hundred and fifty delegates sent from twenty-six states. Though the leaders of this party wanted to keep the Whig Party alive, it became irretrievably doomed once these one hundred and fifty Whig delegates decided unanimously to endorse the American Party's national ticket of Fillmore and Donelson.
345:
550:", which in theory would allow the residents in a territory to decide for themselves the legal status of slavery. In practice, in Kansas Territory, it produced a state-level civil war. Frémont opposed the expansion of slavery. Buchanan called that position "extremist", warning that a Republican victory would lead to disunion, a then constant
1214:
969:
349:
4608:
to count the electoral votes, a dispute occurred over
Wisconsin's slate. The electors of Wisconsin, delayed by a snowstorm, did not cast their votes for Frémont and Dayton until several days after the appointed time and sent a certificate mentioning this fact. When the votes for the state were opened
498:
was the main issue, and with it the question of the survival of the United States as it then existed. The
Democrats were seen as the pro-slavery party; the new Republican party, though hostile to slavery, limited its efforts to the politically more manageable question of the extension of slavery into
2102:
ancestry and surname, many voters accepted the allegation at face value. The
Democrats ran with it, and the Republicans found themselves unable to counteract the rumor effectively given that while the statements were false, any stern message against those assertions might have crippled their efforts
1366:
says
Fillmore was not a Know-Nothing or a nativist. He was out of the country when the presidential nomination came and had not been consulted about running. Furthermore, Fillmore was neither a member of the party nor had he ever attended an American gathering nor had he by "spoken or written word
1361:
While Banks was the early favorite for the party's presidential nomination, he publicly declined the nomination and effectively broke from the Know-Nothings, though he would not formally defect to the
Republican Party until after the election. After Banks removed himself from consideration, the only
1346:
led northern delegates out of the party's 1855 national council in
Philadelphia in protest of it adopting a plank endorsing the Kansas-Nebraska Act. 70 northern delegates left the 1856 convention to create the North American Party after a resolution calling for the Kansas-Nebraska Act to be repealed
2123:
ruling in 1857, most of the anti-slavery members of the party joined the
Republicans. The pro-slavery wing of the American Party remained strong on the local and state levels in a few southern states, but by the 1860 election, they were no longer a serious national political movement. Most of their
2131:
This was the last election in which the
Democrats won Pennsylvania until 1936, the last in which the Democrats won Illinois until 1892, the last in which the Democrats won California until 1880, the last in which the Democrats won Indiana and Virginia until 1876 and the last in which the Democrats
1969:
The Whig Party was reeling from electoral losses since 1852. Half of its leaders in the South bolted to the Southern Democratic Party. In the North the Whig Party was moribund with most of its anti-slavery members joining the Republican Party. This party remained somewhat alive in states like New
1371:
of Tennessee for vice president with 181 votes to 30 scattered votes and 24 abstentions. Although the nativist argument of the American party had considerable success in local and state elections in 1854–55, Fillmore in 1856 concentrated almost entirely on national unity. Historian Tyler Anbinder
1326:
The party gained control over the state governments of California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island in the 1854 and 1855 elections. The party also controlled the Tennessee legislature and received at least 45% of the vote in multiple southern states, far better than the
2089:
Because Fillmore was considered by many incapable of securing the presidency on the American ticket, Whigs were urged to support Buchanan. Democrats also called on nativists to make common cause with them against the specter of sectionalism even if they had once attacked their political views.
2106:
The campaign had a different nature in the free states and the slave states. In the free states, there was a three-way campaign, which Frémont won with 45.2% of the vote to 41.5% for Buchanan and 13.3% for Fillmore; Frémont received 114 electoral votes to 62 for Buchanan. In the slave states,
882:
The Democratic Party was wounded from its devastating losses in the 1854–1855 midterm elections. Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois, who had sponsored the Kansas-Nebraska Act, entered the race in opposition to President Franklin Pierce. The Pennsylvania delegation continued to sponsor its
1946:
A group of North American delegates called the North American Seceders withdrew from the North American Party's convention and met separately. They objected to the attempt to work with the Republican Party. The Seceders held their own national convention on June 16 and 17, 1856. 19 delegates
2085:
as an illegal document written during an illegal convention. The Democrats also supported the plan to annex Cuba, advocated in the Ostend Manifesto, which Buchanan helped devise while serving as minister to Britain. The most influential aspect of the Democratic campaign was a warning that a
350:
2058:, which enacted the policy of popular sovereignty, allowing settlers to decide whether a new state would enter the Union as free or slave. The Republicans also accused the Pierce administration of allowing a fraudulent territorial government to be imposed upon the citizens of the
1112:
The first Republican National Convention was held in the Musical Fund Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on June 17 to 19, 1856. The convention approved an anti-slavery platform that called for congressional sovereignty in the territories, an end to
363:
361:
2110:
Nationwide, Buchanan won 174 electoral votes, a majority, and was thus elected. Frémont received no votes in ten of the fourteen slave states with a popular vote; he obtained 306 in Delaware, 285 in Maryland, 283 in Virginia, and 314 in Kentucky.
360:
1318:
movement. The American Party absorbed most of the former Whig Party that had not gone to either the Republicans or Democrats in 1854, and by 1855 it had established itself as the chief opposition party to the Democrats. In the 82 races for the
534:. Domestic political turmoil was a major factor in the nominations of both Buchanan and Fillmore, who appealed in part because of their recent time abroad, when they did not have to take a position on the divisive questions related to slavery.
359:
358:
614:
The 1856 presidential election was primarily waged among three political parties, though other parties had been active in the spring of the year. The conventions of these parties are considered below in order of the party's popular vote.
7867:
356:
357:
2103:
to attain the votes of German Catholics. Attempts were made to refute it through friends and colleagues, but the issue persisted throughout the campaign and might have cost Frémont the support of a number of American Party members.
362:
7862:
2080:
The Democratic platform supported the Kansas-Nebraska Act and popular sovereignty. The party supported the pro-slavery territorial legislature elected in Kansas, opposed the free-state elements within Kansas, and castigated the
6302:
537:
The Democrats supported expansionist slave-holding policies generally of varying intensities. Southern Democrats were all in favor of the expansion of slavery. Some wanted to obtain Cuba as slave territory, as espoused by the
7872:
8620:
7857:
7852:
558:. The Know Nothings attempted to present themselves as the one party capable of bridging the sectional divides. All three major parties found support in the North, but the Republicans had virtually no backing in the South.
6278:
5518:
2097:
A minor scandal erupted when the Americans, seeking to turn the national dialogue back in the direction of nativism, put out a false rumor that Frémont was in fact a Roman Catholic. Because of the Republican candidate's
8640:
2018:
Results by county explicitly indicating the percentage for the winning candidate. Shades of blue are for Buchanan (Democratic), shades of red are for Frémont (Republican), and shades of yellow are for Fillmore (Know
2107:
however, the contest was for all intents and purposes between Buchanan and Fillmore; Buchanan won 56.1% of the vote to 43.8% for Fillmore and 0.1% for Frémont, receiving 112 electoral votes to 8 for Fillmore.
2093:
Fillmore and the Americans, meanwhile, insisted that they were the only "national party" since the Democrats leaning in favor of the South and the Republicans were fanatically in favor of Northern fanaticism.
8834:
8723:
2595:
7844:
7895:
6287:
2114:
Of the 1,713 counties making returns, Buchanan won 1,083 (63.22%), Frémont won 366 (21.37%), and Fillmore won 263 (15.35%). One county (0.06%) in Georgia split evenly between Buchanan and Fillmore.
8645:
7020:
6271:
794:
569:
and five free states. Frémont won a majority of electoral votes from free states and finished second in the nationwide popular vote, while Fillmore took 21.5% of the popular vote but only carried
8625:
8263:
890:, Ohio, on June 2 to 6, 1856. The delegates were deeply divided over slavery. On the first ballot, Buchanan placed first with 135.5 votes to 122.5 for Pierce, 33 for Douglas, and 5 for Senator
819:
6264:
8650:
8635:
590:, as Republicans emerged as the dominant party during and after the Civil War. As of 2023, this is the only time that the Democrats won the presidency without any electoral votes from
8827:
5994:
2039:
None of the three candidates did any public campaigning. The Republican Party opposed the extension of slavery into the territories: in fact, its slogan was "Free speech, free press,
768:
7900:
2650:
8577:
8311:
1358:
was voted down. This removed a greater part of the American Party's support in the North outside of New York, where the conservative faction of the Whig Party remained faithful.
2725:
1543:
The anti-slavery "Americans" from the North formed their own party after the nomination of Fillmore in Philadelphia. This party called for its national convention to be held in
7933:
6240:
2701:
2689:
8820:
2077:
from Spain. In sum, the campaign's true focus was against the system of slavery, which they felt was destroying the republican values that the Union had been founded upon.
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4640:
2713:
8757:
2626:
901:
A host of candidates were nominated for the vice presidency, but a number of them attempted to withdraw themselves from consideration, among them the eventual nominee,
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4070:
3878:
1475:
1080:
8945:
8925:
8791:
3731:
3543:
2117:
This would be the only presidential election where the Know Nothing Party put up a campaign, as the party began to splinter. After the Supreme Court's controversial
603:
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8970:
7834:
7812:
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4021:
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8935:
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5381:
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9005:
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8910:
8687:
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8376:
4294:
4110:
3400:
1448:
1332:
909:
for the vice presidential nomination. However, following a draft effort led by the delegation from Vermont, Breckinridge was nominated on the second ballot.
1137:. Kentucky was the only southern state to have a delegation at the convention. Frémont was nominated for president overwhelmingly on the formal ballot, and
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8955:
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2926:
570:
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8995:
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7926:
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1915:
9035:
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500:
4931:
8965:
8900:
8708:
8569:
8501:
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8431:
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8306:
8296:
8286:
6965:
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6414:
5361:
3923:
3306:
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449:
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8801:
8763:
8456:
8411:
8351:
8326:
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7828:
7807:
7780:
7759:
7747:
6994:
6984:
6900:
6895:
6836:
6806:
6801:
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6746:
6696:
6681:
6666:
6655:
6639:
6613:
6606:
6590:
6585:
6570:
6555:
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6545:
6535:
6523:
6513:
6488:
6451:
6446:
5113:
775:
693:
489:
5070:
1073:
8486:
8366:
8331:
7919:
6971:
6948:
6938:
6928:
6911:
6905:
6883:
6868:
6863:
6829:
6818:
6761:
6741:
6726:
6706:
6661:
6624:
6575:
6493:
4665:
4660:
8491:
8446:
8346:
6978:
6953:
6933:
6918:
6857:
6851:
6781:
6776:
6751:
6711:
6701:
6634:
6629:
6580:
6245:
5700:
5385:
5373:
4655:
2614:
2411:
1323:
in 1854, the American Party ran 76 candidates, 35 of whom won. None of the six independents or Whigs who ran in these races were elected.
523:
8615:
6999:
6959:
6943:
6889:
6841:
6823:
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7009:
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6736:
6721:
6644:
6540:
5668:
4645:
2125:
1955:
for vice president. The Seceders' ticket later withdrew from the contest, with Stockton endorsing Millard Fillmore for the presidency.
573:. The Know Nothings soon collapsed as a national party, as most of its anti-slavery members joined the Republican Party after the 1857
5217:
Buchanan and Breckinridge. The Democratic hand-book, compiled by Mich. W. Cluskey ... Recommended by the Democratic national committee
476:
for the nomination. Pierce had become widely unpopular in the North because of his support for the pro-slavery faction in the ongoing
7563:
7518:
7448:
7357:
7191:
7176:
5715:
1468:
1441:
1367:
indicated a subscription to American tenets". Fillmore was nominated with 179 votes out of the 234 votes cast. The convention chose
8252:
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8241:
8236:
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8001:
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7613:
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7433:
7399:
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7121:
7061:
6398:
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6319:
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5318:
1994:
1418:
1047:
895:
707:
587:
547:
54:
44:
8796:
7822:
7797:
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7680:
7367:
7321:
7186:
7039:
5689:
5339:
2137:
1223:
7543:
7478:
7463:
7384:
7248:
7201:
7071:
1320:
702:
9060:
7802:
7568:
7533:
7523:
7498:
7473:
7422:
7161:
7126:
7116:
7091:
7076:
7066:
7055:
7044:
7034:
7029:
2069:
Along with opposing the spread of slavery into the continental territories of the United States, the party also opposed the
7590:
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7483:
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7428:
7389:
7342:
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7151:
7131:
7111:
7096:
5275:
5124:
Pierson, Michael D. (2002). "'Prairies on Fire': The Organization of the 1856 Mass Republican Rally in Beloit, Wisconsin".
503:). The nativist Know Nothings (known formally as the American Party) competed with the Republicans to replace the moribund
8554:
7942:
7638:
7633:
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7580:
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6103:
6028:
5703:
5544:
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5433:
5418:
5408:
5403:
5150:
1986:
1238:
918:
624:
511:
473:
438:
8728:
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7709:
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905:
of Kentucky. Breckinridge, besides having been selected as an elector, was also supporting former Speaker of the House
579:
519:
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7608:
7558:
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7528:
7513:
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7081:
5778:
5199:
5159:
5085:
5056:
5016:
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1535:
1518:
1154:
562:
527:
68:
1993:
in 1848 and nearly of all what remained of the party joined the Republicans in 1854. What remained of the party ran
1511:
1289:
7352:
7308:
7106:
6097:
6022:
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5423:
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2047:, warning it was destroying republican values. Democrats warned that a Republican victory would bring a civil war.
1270:
779:
420:
405:
178:
173:
8602:
850:
382:
1372:
says, "The American party had dropped nativism from its agenda." Fillmore won 22% of the national popular vote.
5793:
5692:
5661:
5471:
5342:
4625:
2250:
2207:
1227:
6256:
1539:
An anti-slavery map printed during the presidential election campaign of 1856 by the John C. Fremont campaign.
9055:
5972:
5851:
5783:
5763:
5748:
1964:
9015:
5065:
Gienapp, William E. "Nativism and the Creation of a Republican Majority in the North before the Civil War."
8713:
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7049:
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4973:
566:
495:
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1355:
7890:
4943:
1336:
9045:
1129:
on the Senate floor a month before the convention. McLean's name was initially withdrawn by his manager
8812:
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5867:
5811:
5743:
5569:
1489:
504:
200:
9050:
5960:
5841:
5821:
5654:
4832:
4787:
1118:
543:
1689:
1126:
1122:
515:
4863:
Douglas R. Egerton, "The Slaves' Election: Frémont, Freedom, and the Slave Conspiracies of 1856."
719:
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5539:
5304:
5259:
5008:
4978:
4725:
2784:
2309:
2055:
1368:
1178:
485:
465:
242:
1973:
The fifth (and last) Whig National Convention was held in the Hall of the Maryland Institute in
6219:
5816:
5503:
5477:
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2407:
2119:
1297:
1260:
1114:
1106:
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507:
as the primary opposition to the Democrats. They emphasized opposition to Catholic immigrants.
5191:
5184:
1133:, but the withdrawal was rescinded at the strong behest of the Pennsylvania delegation led by
5900:
5753:
4610:
2387:
2031:
594:
and the only time that a Republican swept this region without winning the presidency (losing
6054:
5906:
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5598:
2760:
2227:
1923:
1497:
1426:
1055:
1000:
987:
902:
857:
826:
648:
551:
231:
195:
5039:
Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War
674:
514:
nominated a ticket led by Frémont, an explorer and military officer who had served in the
8:
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8667:
8657:
8582:
5513:
2742:
2082:
2051:
1905:
1793:
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1522:
1408:
583:
7911:
6161:
6146:
6076:
5912:
5806:
5738:
5564:
5549:
5265:
5237:
5224:
5107:
4968:
4635:
4613:
2149:
2133:
1948:
1927:
1899:
1887:
1747:
1603:
1501:
1452:
1402:
1390:
1328:
830:
484:, and Buchanan, a former Secretary of State, had avoided the divisive debates over the
6121:
2768:
2244:
1881:
1737:
1651:
1430:
1384:
1059:
1031:
935:
453:
158:
9065:
8682:
8677:
8587:
6129:
5559:
5554:
5519:
United States House Select Committee to Investigate Alleged Corruptions in Government
5247:
5195:
5171:
5155:
5133:
5081:
5052:
5037:
5012:
4982:
2772:
2268:
1548:
1138:
1130:
942:
683:
237:
4684:
4616:, he counted them over the objections of the leadership of both Houses of Congress.
2430:
where the Electors were chosen by the state legislature rather than by popular vote.
2014:
8753:
8733:
6194:
5942:
5888:
5846:
5677:
5575:
5523:
5438:
4479:
2780:
2285:
2070:
2059:
1278:
1254:
1171:
1134:
539:
531:
481:
461:
163:
87:
7885:
6151:
6081:
5947:
5934:
5872:
5620:
5613:
5498:
5291:
5279:
5226:
Address of Working Men of Pittsburgh to Their Fellow Working Men in Pennsylvania.
5145:
2601:
Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote
2099:
2063:
2044:
1990:
1142:
1097:
886:
The Seventh Democratic National Convention was held in Smith and Nixon's Hall in
803:
746:
740:
723:
477:
469:
401:
5272:
2023:
6286:
6046:
5927:
5831:
5733:
5327:
2756:
2427:
2201:
1952:
1314:
The American Party, formerly the Native American Party, was the vehicle of the
784:
734:
641:
599:
445:
416:
220:
152:
6002:
5215:
5005:
Nativism and Slavery: The Northern Know Nothings and the Politics of the 1850s
1213:
9029:
8592:
8559:
8539:
5488:
5413:
5137:
4474:
4437:
1544:
595:
968:
7896:
List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections
6176:
5768:
5592:
5095:
4489:
2291:
2212:
1998:
1527:
1363:
1351:
1343:
1342:
However, the party started to break apart at sectional lines over slavery.
1315:
457:
210:
183:
106:
8743:
6156:
5186:
Ballots for Freedom: Antislavery Politics in the United States, 1837–1860
4454:
1893:
1699:
1479:
1396:
1362:
name with much support was former President Millard Fillmore. Historian
1084:
1037:
591:
555:
8842:
5284:
5029:(2017) popular history of election from Fremont's perspective. 355 pages
2043:, free men, Frémont and victory!" The Republicans thus crusaded against
586:, 1856 also proved to be the last Democratic presidential victory until
6071:
5033:
2274:
1932:
1064:
1004:
991:
891:
887:
874:
861:
755:
215:
4419:
2656:
Map of American "Know-Nothing" presidential election results by county
1016:
726:, the incumbent president in 1856, whose term expired on March 4, 1857
5428:
4494:
4413:
2680:
2315:
2066:. They advocated the immediate admittance of Kansas as a free state.
2040:
1974:
906:
136:
5173:
Race and Politics: "Bleeding Kansas" and the Coming of the Civil War
4448:
977:
464:. The main issue was the expansion of slavery as facilitated by the
121:
5646:
5493:
4692:
4469:
4425:
4408:
2233:
866:
835:
759:
750:
561:
Buchanan won a plurality of the popular vote and a majority of the
2632:
Map of Northern Democratic presidential election results by county
7901:
Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress
5296:
4442:
1327:
Whig Party following 1848. The party then succeeded in electing
518:. The Know Nothings, who ignored slavery and instead emphasized
2707:
Cartogram of Republican presidential election results by county
2695:
Cartogram of Democratic presidential election results by county
810:(Name Withdrawn on the 15th Ballot in favor of Stephen Douglas)
4431:
4402:
1350:
The American National Convention was held in National Hall in
841:(Name Withdrawn on the 17th Ballot in favor of James Buchanan)
441:, held on Tuesday, November 4, 1856. In a three-way election,
4464:
2719:
Cartogram of American presidential election results by county
2731:
Cartogram of "Other" presidential election results by county
1970:
York and Pennsylvania by joining the anti-slavery movement.
1306:
6288:
Notable third-party performances in United States elections
4768:
4744:
4732:
4685:"National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present"
4484:
4459:
2074:
1872:
1204:
1148:
1089:
4910:"Last Time Consecutive Democratic Presidents Were Elected"
2644:
Map of Republican presidential election results by county
758:, Former U.S. Senator and 1848 presidential nominee from
737:, Minister to Great Britain and former Secretary of State
7941:
4641:
1856–57 United States House of Representatives elections
5100:
Ordeal of the Union: vol 2: A House Dividing, 1852–1857
4756:
2668:
Map of "Other" presidential election results by county
1040:, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
4831:
4786:
1257:, former President of the United States from New York
381:
by Fillmore/Donelson. Numbers indicate the number of
8621:
elections in which the winner lost the popular vote
5827:
An Act for the Admission of the State of California
4420:
States that flipped from Democratic to Know-Nothing
5484:List of federal judges appointed by James Buchanan
5183:
5170:
4539:States where the margin of victory was under 10%:
2749:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1955) pp 247–57.
2062:, thus engendering the violence that had raged in
2050:The Republican platform opposed the repeal of the
1375:
4505:States where the margin of victory was under 5%:
4449:States that flipped from Democratic to Republican
2124:remaining members either joined or supported the
1105:The Republican Party was formed in early 1854 to
9027:
4932:""Is the Electoral Count Act Unconstitutional?""
4878:Ordeal of the Union: A House Dividing, 1852–1857
2392:Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections
2001:under the name of the "National Liberty Party."
392:
5260:Presidential Election of 1856: A Resource Guide
5242:Porter, Kirk H. and Donald Bruce Johnson, eds.
4820:Ordeal of the Union: A House Dividing 1852–1857
4651:American election campaigns in the 19th century
322:
5190:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp.
5049:The Origins of the Republican Party, 1852–1856
4892:
4848:
4803:
4705:
4599:
2620:Map of presidential election results by county
1034:, former United States Senator from California
912:
618:
8828:
7927:
6272:
5988:
5662:
5312:
4666:History of the United States Republican Party
4661:History of the United States Democratic Party
373:denotes states won by Buchanan/Breckinridge,
4929:
2412:National Archives and Records Administration
582:ruling. This election marked the end of the
4432:States that flipped from Whig to Republican
4403:States that flipped from Whig to Democratic
1980:
894:, who had been the presidential nominee in
16:18th quadrennial U.S. presidential election
8835:
8821:
7934:
7920:
6296:* Third party is endorsed by a major party
6279:
6265:
5995:
5981:
5669:
5655:
5319:
5305:
5273:1856 state-by-state popular voting results
5112:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4535:(tipping point state for Buchanan victory)
2683:of presidential election results by county
1877:North American Seceders Party candidates:
6530:South Carolina 1954 (Democratic write-in)
4967:
4774:
4762:
4750:
4738:
4595:(tipping point state for Fremont victory)
1989:remained. Most of its members joined the
1890:. Speaker of the House from Massachusetts
1393:. Speaker of the House from Massachusetts
9036:1856 United States presidential election
8636:electoral vote changes between elections
6009:1856 United States presidential election
5774:1856 United States presidential election
5759:1848 United States presidential election
5444:1856 United States presidential election
5002:
4888:
4886:
4656:History of the United States (1849–1865)
4265:
4171:
4126:
4090:
4085:
4077:
3894:
3702:
3657:
3416:
3371:
3179:
3134:
2942:
2894:
2815:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2408:"Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996"
2030:
2022:
2013:
1958:
1873:North American Seceders Party nomination
1534:
1305:
1149:American (Know-Nothing) Party nomination
1096:
873:
718:
435:1856 United States presidential election
22:1856 United States presidential election
5123:
5046:
2606:
2587:
9028:
5285:Election of 1856 in Counting the Votes
5181:
5168:
5144:
5094:
5080:. New York: Norton. pp. 139–181.
4646:1856–57 United States Senate elections
1263:, steamboat entrepreneur from New York
1141:was nominated for vice president over
530:a ticket led by former Whig President
8816:
7915:
6468:California 1946 (Republican write-in)
6260:
5976:
5650:
5300:
5051:. New York: Oxford University Press.
5032:
4883:
4722:National Party Conventions, 1831–1976
878:Buchanan/Breckinridge campaign poster
501:removal from the District of Columbia
468:of 1854. Buchanan defeated President
7943:United States presidential elections
5676:
5075:
5042:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2388:"1856 Presidential Election Results"
2073:, which advocated the annexation of
8555:South Carolina presidential primary
5704:Vice President of the United States
5449:1856 Democratic National Convention
5434:1852 Democratic National Convention
5419:1848 Democratic National Convention
5409:1844 Democratic National Convention
5404:Electoral history of James Buchanan
5244:National party platforms, 1840–1964
4895:A History of Presidential Elections
4851:A History of Presidential Elections
4806:A History of Presidential Elections
4708:A History of Presidential Elections
2736:
2004:
919:1856 Republican National Convention
625:1856 Democratic National Convention
512:1856 Republican National Convention
474:1856 Democratic National Convention
369:Presidential election results map.
13:
8631:Electoral College results by state
8545:New Hampshire presidential primary
7664:Territorial Governors (since 1970)
5326:
5209:
4996:
4592:Pennsylvania 18.12% (83,400 votes)
1212:
1203:
1015:
976:
967:
682:
673:
318:
14:
9077:
8768:Vice presidential confirmations:
6858:Alaska 2010 (Republican write-in)
5822:Indian Appropriations Act of 1851
5779:1856 American National Convention
5253:
5229:Pittsburgh, PA: W.S. Haven, 1856.
5078:The Political Crisis of the 1850s
4907:
4631:Origins of the American Civil War
4552:New Hampshire 8.00% (5,582 votes)
2426:The popular vote figures exclude
2027:Caricature of Democratic Platform
1380:North American Party candidates:
1310:1856 Know-Nothing campaign poster
1155:1856 American National Convention
72:149 electoral votes needed to win
9014:
5956:
5955:
5802:Inauguration of Millard Fillmore
5630:
5629:
5545:Buchanan's Birthplace State Park
5354:United States Secretary of State
2724:
2712:
2700:
2688:
2673:
2661:
2649:
2637:
2625:
2613:
2594:
2385:
2148:
1914:
1902:, former Senator from New Jersey
1884:, former senator from California
1510:
1488:
1467:
1440:
1417:
1405:, former Senator from New Jersey
1387:, former Senator from California
1288:
1269:
1072:
1046:
849:
818:
793:
780:United States Secretary of State
767:
743:, President of the United States
490:Ambassador to the United Kingdom
135:
120:
105:
82:
81:
28:
8845:1856 U.S. presidential election
5151:The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861
4923:
4901:
4870:
4857:
4842:
4836:American Presidential Elections
4825:
4812:
4791:American Presidential Elections
4580:Connecticut 9.61% (7,720 votes)
4500:
2747:Presidential ballots, 1836–1892
1476:Supreme Court Associate Justice
1376:North American Party nomination
1117:, and federal assistance for a
1081:Supreme Court Associate Justice
8578:List of nominating conventions
5693:President of the United States
5472:Inauguration of James Buchanan
5362:U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania
5343:President of the United States
5234:A guide to political platforms
5154:. New York: Harper & Row.
4961:
4797:
4780:
4714:
4699:
4689:United States Election Project
4677:
4626:Inauguration of James Buchanan
1938:(Withdrew – Endorsed Fillmore)
1228:President of the United States
1115:polygamy in Mormon settlements
1107:oppose the Kansas-Nebraska Act
1101:Fremont/Dayton campaign poster
694:U.S. Minister to Great Britain
609:
1:
7829:Northern Mariana Islands 2022
7808:Northern Mariana Islands 2018
7781:Northern Mariana Islands 2014
7760:Northern Mariana Islands 2009
7748:Northern Mariana Islands 2005
7737:Northern Mariana Islands 2001
5852:1852 Whig National Convention
5784:1856 Whig National Convention
5764:1848 Whig National Convention
5749:1844 Whig National Convention
5266:1856 popular vote by counties
5262:from the Library of Congress
4671:
4532:Tennessee 4.36% (5,826 votes)
4511:Louisiana 3.40% (1,455 votes)
1965:1856 Whig National Convention
1896:, Associate Justice from Ohio
499:federal territories (and its
9061:Presidency of James Buchanan
8663:Certificate of ascertainment
8550:Nevada presidential caucuses
5509:1858 United States elections
5119:The most detailed narrative.
5047:Gienapp, William E. (1987).
4930:Kesavan, Vasan (2001–2002).
4586:Other tipping point states:
4573:Maryland 9.59% (8,329 votes)
4566:Missouri 8.86% (9,442 votes)
4545:Kentucky 5.08% (7,226 votes)
4518:Illinois 3.86% (9,253 votes)
2867:
2853:
2850:
2842:
2839:
2831:
2828:
2820:
2189:Vice-presidential candidate
1985:By 1856, very little of the
1121:—a political outcome of the
928:1856 Republican Party ticket
634:1856 Democratic Party ticket
606:with a margin of 56 votes).
554:which had already been long
7:
8709:Historical election polling
7891:Third party (U.S. politics)
5182:Sewell, Richard H. (1976).
5177:. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
5067:Journal of American History
4942:(2001–2002). Archived from
4619:
4600:Congressional certification
2009:
1250:American Party candidates:
913:Republican Party nomination
619:Democratic Party nomination
10:
9082:
8739:Red states and blue states
5868:Statue of Millard Fillmore
5812:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
5595:(niece, acting First Lady)
5570:James Buchanan High School
5290:November 12, 2017, at the
4395:
2143:
2126:Constitutional Union Party
1962:
1908:, Governor of Pennsylvania
1792:
1746:
1736:
1698:
1688:
1650:
1640:
1602:
1411:, Governor of Pennsylvania
1164:1856 American Party ticket
1161:
1152:
925:
916:
631:
622:
488:by being in Europe as the
9012:
8851:
8787:
8696:
8641:electoral vote recipients
8626:Electoral College margins
8601:
8568:
8530:
8262:
7949:
7881:
7843:
7823:District of Columbia 2022
7798:District of Columbia 2018
7776:District of Columbia 2014
7766:District of Columbia 2010
7681:District of Columbia 1974
7663:
7019:
6407:
6301:
6294:
6232:
6212:
6185:
6174:
6139:
6112:
6095:
6064:
6037:
6020:
5922:
5881:
5860:
5842:Illinois Central Railroad
5792:
5726:
5684:
5608:
5585:
5532:
5462:
5396:
5334:
5278:December 9, 2004, at the
5169:Rawley, James A. (1969).
5076:Holt, Michael F. (1978).
4833:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
4788:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
4606:joint session of Congress
4525:Ohio 4.30% (16,623 votes)
2812:
2795:
2574:
2566:
2561:
2553:
2548:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2525:
2504:
2496:
2491:
2483:
2478:
2470:
2465:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2373:
2367:
2360:
2348:
2338:
2324:
2177:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
1596:Vice presidential ballot
1119:transcontinental railroad
1014:
776:Minister to Great Britain
552:issue of political debate
437:was the 18th quadrennial
397:President before election
390:
316:
93:
76:
65:
38:
26:
7835:U.S. Virgin Islands 2022
7813:U.S. Virgin Islands 2018
7787:U.S. Virgin Islands 2014
7771:U.S. Virgin Islands 2010
7754:U.S. Virgin Islands 2006
7742:U.S. Virgin Islands 2002
7727:U.S. Virgin Islands 1998
7721:U.S. Virgin Islands 1994
7715:U.S. Virgin Islands 1990
7705:U.S. Virgin Islands 1986
7694:U.S. Virgin Islands 1978
7687:U.S. Virgin Islands 1974
7671:U.S. Virgin Islands 1970
5003:Anbinder, Tyler (1992).
4559:Iowa 8.13% (7,505 votes)
2779:States/districts won by
2767:States/districts won by
2755:States/districts won by
2404:Source (Electoral Vote):
1981:Liberty Party nomination
1321:House of Representatives
1123:Pacific Railroad Surveys
8802:Gubernatorial elections
6408:Senatorial (since 1940)
5895:Millard Powers Fillmore
5540:James Buchanan Memorial
5009:Oxford University Press
4979:Oxford University Press
4726:Congressional Quarterly
2310:Andrew Jackson Donelson
2161:Presidential candidate
1369:Andrew Jackson Donelson
1295:Steamboat entrepreneur
1027:Republican candidates:
883:favorite son Buchanan.
730:Democratic candidates:
556:discussed and advocated
377:by Frémont/Dayton, and
8646:popular votes received
8570:Nominating conventions
8532:Primaries and caucuses
5817:Swamp Land Act of 1850
5734:Millard Fillmore House
5718:(1833–1835, 1837–1843)
5504:Lecompton Constitution
5478:Dred Scott v. Sandford
5454:Woodward Hill Cemetery
2383:Source (Popular Vote):
2120:Dred Scott v. Sandford
2036:
2028:
2020:
1947:unanimously nominated
1540:
1311:
1217:
1208:
1102:
1020:
981:
972:
879:
727:
687:
678:
576:Dred Scott v. Sandford
366:
8843:State results of the
5901:Mary Abigail Fillmore
5754:University at Buffalo
5069:72.3 (1985): 529-559
4974:Battle Cry of Freedom
4838:. pp. 1022–1023.
4611:acting Vice President
2034:
2026:
2017:
1959:Whig Party nomination
1560:Presidential ballots
1538:
1459:(Declined Nomination)
1309:
1239:U.S. Envoy to Prussia
1216:
1207:
1100:
1019:
980:
971:
877:
722:
686:
677:
565:, taking all but one
439:presidential election
365:
9056:November 1856 events
8729:Presidential debates
8651:popular-vote margins
8312:District of Columbia
6237:Other 1856 elections
6055:John C. Breckinridge
5907:Caroline C. Fillmore
5837:Millard County, Utah
5599:James Buchanan Henry
5027:Lincoln's Pathfinder
4946:on December 29, 2020
4893:Eugene H. Roseboom.
4849:Eugene H. Roseboom.
4804:Eugene H. Roseboom.
4706:Eugene H. Roseboom.
2607:Cartographic gallery
2588:Geography of results
2228:John C. Breckinridge
1333:Speaker of the House
903:John C. Breckinridge
749:, U.S. Senator from
650:John C. Breckinridge
516:Mexican–American War
265:States carried
249:Electoral vote
232:John C. Breckinridge
8749:Tipping-point state
8719:Major party tickets
8673:Contingent election
8668:Certificate of vote
8658:Electoral Count Act
8583:Brokered convention
6874:South Carolina 2010
5712:U.S. Representative
5514:Paraguay expedition
5382:U.S. Representative
5370:U.S. Representative
5232:Chester, Edward W
4867:61#1 (2015): 35–63.
2743:Walter Dean Burnham
2157:
2083:Topeka Constitution
2056:Kansas–Nebraska Act
2052:Missouri Compromise
1906:William F. Johnston
1794:William F. Johnston
1642:William F. Johnston
1556:
1523:William F. Johnston
1409:William F. Johnston
1399:, Associate Justice
1127:violently assaulted
703:U.S. Representative
584:Second Party System
548:popular sovereignty
486:Kansas–Nebraska Act
466:Kansas–Nebraska Act
385:cast by each state.
67:296 members of the
23:
8724:Major party losers
8264:Elections by state
7564:Massachusetts 2010
7519:Massachusetts 2006
7449:New Hampshire 2000
7358:West Virginia 1992
7192:New Hampshire 1972
7177:New Hampshire 1970
6787:Massachusetts 2002
6767:Massachusetts 2000
6499:New Hampshire 1950
6203:Andrew J. Donelson
6162:Robert F. Stockton
6147:Nathaniel P. Banks
6077:Stephen A. Douglas
5943:← George M. Dallas
5913:Nathaniel Fillmore
5807:Compromise of 1850
5739:Anti-Masonic Party
5565:Buchanan, Missouri
5550:Buchanan, Michigan
4880:(1947) pp. 496–502
4777:, p. 153-154.
4753:, p. 143-144.
4741:, p. 138-140.
4636:Third Party System
2741:Source: Data from
2156:Electoral results
2155:
2134:Theodore Roosevelt
2037:
2029:
2021:
1951:for president and
1949:Robert F. Stockton
1928:Robert F. Stockton
1900:Robert F. Stockton
1888:Nathaniel P. Banks
1748:Robert F. Stockton
1604:Nathaniel P. Banks
1554:
1541:
1502:Robert F. Stockton
1453:Nathaniel P. Banks
1403:Robert F. Stockton
1391:Nathaniel P. Banks
1329:Nathaniel P. Banks
1312:
1218:
1209:
1196:for Vice President
1180:Andrew J. Donelson
1103:
1021:
982:
973:
960:for Vice President
880:
831:Stephen A. Douglas
728:
688:
679:
666:for Vice President
544:Northern Democrats
482:territorial Kansas
367:
281:Popular vote
243:Andrew J. Donelson
227:Running mate
21:
9023:
9022:
8810:
8809:
8683:Unpledged elector
8678:Faithless elector
8603:Electoral College
8588:Convention bounce
7950:Elections by year
7909:
7908:
7845:State legislative
7614:Rhode Island 2014
7575:Rhode Island 2010
7439:Rhode Island 1998
7434:Pennsylvania 1998
7400:Rhode Island 1994
7395:Pennsylvania 1994
7259:Rhode Island 1978
7122:North Dakota 1960
7062:North Dakota 1944
7005:North Dakota 2022
6924:South Dakota 2014
6519:North Dakota 1952
6479:North Dakota 1946
6474:North Dakota 1946
6457:North Dakota 1944
6425:North Dakota 1940
6254:
6253:
6228:
6227:
6170:
6169:
6130:William L. Dayton
6091:
6090:
5970:
5969:
5948:William R. King →
5935:Franklin Pierce →
5644:
5643:
5621:Abraham Lincoln →
5614:← Franklin Pierce
5560:Buchanan, Georgia
5555:Buchanan, Indiana
5126:Civil War History
5120:
4865:Civil War History
4399:
4398:
2790:
2789:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2578:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2380:
2379:
2269:William L. Dayton
2138:Progressive Party
1940:
1870:
1869:
1461:
1276:Former President
1248:
1247:
1244:
1233:
1139:William L. Dayton
1025:
1024:
1010:
997:
944:William L. Dayton
843:
812:
717:
716:
713:
699:
431:
430:
427:
426:
412:Elected President
312:
311:
238:William L. Dayton
69:Electoral College
61:
60:
9073:
9051:Millard Fillmore
9018:
8837:
8830:
8823:
8814:
8813:
8797:Senate elections
8754:Election recount
8734:October surprise
8704:Campaign slogans
8606:and popular vote
7936:
7929:
7922:
7913:
7912:
7818:Puerto Rico 2020
7793:Puerto Rico 2016
7732:Puerto Rico 2000
7710:Puerto Rico 1988
7700:Puerto Rico 1980
7676:Puerto Rico 1972
7368:Connecticut 1994
7322:Connecticut 1990
7187:Mississippi 1971
7040:Connecticut 1942
6813:Connecticut 2006
6792:Mississippi 2002
6677:Mississippi 1978
6601:Mississippi 1970
6596:Connecticut 1970
6561:Mississippi 1966
6281:
6274:
6267:
6258:
6257:
6213:Other candidates
6201:Vice President:
6195:Millard Fillmore
6183:
6182:
6140:Other candidates
6128:Vice President:
6110:
6109:
6098:Republican Party
6065:Other candidates
6053:Vice President:
6035:
6034:
6023:Democratic Party
5997:
5990:
5983:
5974:
5973:
5959:
5958:
5928:← Zachary Taylor
5889:Abigail Fillmore
5847:Perry Expedition
5719:
5707:
5696:
5678:Millard Fillmore
5671:
5664:
5657:
5648:
5647:
5633:
5632:
5576:Raising Buchanan
5524:Corwin Amendment
5439:Ostend Manifesto
5389:
5377:
5365:
5357:
5346:
5321:
5314:
5307:
5298:
5297:
5248:online 1840–1956
5205:
5189:
5178:
5176:
5165:
5141:
5118:
5117:
5111:
5103:
5091:
5062:
5043:
5025:Bicknell, John.
5022:
4992:
4969:McPherson, James
4956:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4927:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4890:
4881:
4874:
4868:
4861:
4855:
4854:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4829:
4823:
4816:
4810:
4809:
4801:
4795:
4794:
4784:
4778:
4772:
4766:
4760:
4754:
4748:
4742:
4736:
4730:
4729:
4718:
4712:
4711:
4703:
4697:
4696:
4681:
4593:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4512:
2902:
2885:
2808:Millard Fillmore
2793:
2792:
2752:
2751:
2737:Results by state
2728:
2716:
2704:
2692:
2677:
2665:
2653:
2641:
2629:
2617:
2598:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2516:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2433:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2286:Millard Fillmore
2158:
2154:
2152:
2071:Ostend Manifesto
2060:Kansas Territory
2005:General election
1936:
1918:
1557:
1555:Convention vote
1553:
1514:
1492:
1471:
1457:
1444:
1421:
1292:
1279:Millard Fillmore
1273:
1255:Millard Fillmore
1242:
1231:
1181:
1174:
1173:Millard Fillmore
1159:
1158:
1135:Thaddeus Stevens
1076:
1050:
1008:
995:
945:
938:
923:
922:
853:
839:
822:
808:
797:
771:
711:
697:
651:
644:
629:
628:
540:Ostend Manifesto
532:Millard Fillmore
520:anti-immigration
462:Millard Fillmore
393:
380:
376:
372:
321:
207:Home state
164:Millard Fillmore
139:
124:
109:
95:
94:
85:
84:
50:November 4, 1856
40:
39:
33:
32:
31:
24:
20:
9081:
9080:
9076:
9075:
9074:
9072:
9071:
9070:
9046:John C. Frémont
9026:
9025:
9024:
9019:
9010:
8847:
8841:
8811:
8806:
8792:House elections
8783:
8764:Guam straw poll
8692:
8605:
8597:
8564:
8526:
8258:
7945:
7940:
7910:
7905:
7886:Portal:Politics
7877:
7839:
7659:
7544:New Jersey 2009
7479:New Mexico 2002
7464:California 2002
7385:New Mexico 1994
7249:California 1978
7202:Washington 1972
7072:California 1946
7015:
6966:New Mexico 2018
6687:Washington 1982
6504:California 1952
6415:California 1940
6403:
6297:
6290:
6285:
6255:
6250:
6224:
6208:
6166:
6152:Abraham Lincoln
6135:
6122:John C. Frémont
6101:
6087:
6082:Franklin Pierce
6060:
6026:
6016:
6001:
5971:
5966:
5918:
5877:
5873:Fillmore Street
5856:
5788:
5722:
5710:
5699:
5688:
5680:
5675:
5645:
5640:
5604:
5581:
5528:
5499:Bleeding Kansas
5458:
5392:
5380:
5368:
5360:
5349:
5338:
5330:
5325:
5292:Wayback Machine
5280:Wayback Machine
5256:
5212:
5210:Primary sources
5202:
5162:
5105:
5104:
5088:
5059:
5019:
4999:
4997:Further reading
4989:
4964:
4959:
4949:
4947:
4928:
4924:
4914:
4912:
4906:
4902:
4891:
4884:
4875:
4871:
4862:
4858:
4847:
4843:
4830:
4826:
4817:
4813:
4802:
4798:
4793:. p. 1020.
4785:
4781:
4773:
4769:
4761:
4757:
4749:
4745:
4737:
4733:
4720:
4719:
4715:
4704:
4700:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4622:
4602:
4591:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4451:
4434:
4422:
4405:
4400:
4092:no popular vote
4087:no popular vote
4079:no popular vote
2900:
2883:
2858:
2847:
2836:
2825:
2809:
2804:
2803:John C. Fremont
2799:
2739:
2732:
2729:
2720:
2717:
2708:
2705:
2696:
2693:
2684:
2678:
2669:
2666:
2657:
2654:
2645:
2642:
2633:
2630:
2621:
2618:
2609:
2602:
2599:
2590:
2581:
2580:
2572:
2559:
2546:
2511:
2510:
2502:
2489:
2476:
2463:
2416:
2414:
2406:
2396:
2394:
2245:John C. Frémont
2195:Electoral vote
2174:
2146:
2100:French-Canadian
2064:Bleeding Kansas
2045:the Slave Power
2035:Campaign ribbon
2012:
2007:
1991:Free Soil Party
1983:
1967:
1961:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1919:
1882:John C. Frémont
1875:
1738:John C. Frémont
1652:John C. Frémont
1531:
1530:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1493:
1484:
1483:
1472:
1463:
1462:
1456:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1434:from California
1431:John C. Frémont
1422:
1385:John C. Frémont
1378:
1356:36'30' parallel
1302:
1293:
1284:
1282:
1274:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1226:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1157:
1151:
1143:Abraham Lincoln
1093:
1092:
1077:
1068:
1067:
1060:John C. Frémont
1051:
1032:John C. Frémont
1007:
994:
943:
937:John C. Frémont
936:
930:
921:
915:
870:
869:
854:
845:
844:
838:
823:
814:
813:
807:
804:Franklin Pierce
798:
789:
788:
782:
772:
747:Stephen Douglas
741:Franklin Pierce
724:Franklin Pierce
710:
705:
696:
649:
642:
636:
627:
621:
612:
470:Franklin Pierce
454:John C. Frémont
419:
414:
404:
402:Franklin Pierce
399:
391:
386:
383:electoral votes
378:
374:
370:
364:
319:
317:
159:John C. Frémont
143:
142:
141:
140:
128:
127:
126:
125:
113:
112:
111:
110:
71:
66:
34:
29:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9079:
9069:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9048:
9043:
9041:James Buchanan
9038:
9021:
9020:
9013:
9011:
9009:
9008:
9003:
8998:
8993:
8988:
8983:
8981:South Carolina
8978:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8961:North Carolina
8958:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8933:
8928:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8888:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8852:
8849:
8848:
8840:
8839:
8832:
8825:
8817:
8808:
8807:
8805:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8788:
8785:
8784:
8782:
8781:
8780:
8779:
8774:
8766:
8761:
8751:
8746:
8741:
8736:
8731:
8726:
8721:
8716:
8711:
8706:
8700:
8698:
8694:
8693:
8691:
8690:
8685:
8680:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8654:
8653:
8648:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8623:
8618:
8609:
8607:
8599:
8598:
8596:
8595:
8590:
8585:
8580:
8574:
8572:
8566:
8565:
8563:
8562:
8557:
8552:
8547:
8542:
8536:
8534:
8528:
8527:
8525:
8524:
8519:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8484:
8479:
8474:
8472:South Carolina
8469:
8464:
8459:
8454:
8449:
8444:
8439:
8437:North Carolina
8434:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8414:
8409:
8404:
8399:
8394:
8389:
8384:
8379:
8374:
8369:
8364:
8359:
8354:
8349:
8344:
8339:
8334:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8299:
8294:
8289:
8284:
8279:
8274:
8268:
8266:
8260:
8259:
8257:
8256:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8189:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7953:
7951:
7947:
7946:
7939:
7938:
7931:
7924:
7916:
7907:
7906:
7904:
7903:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7882:
7879:
7878:
7876:
7875:
7870:
7865:
7860:
7855:
7849:
7847:
7841:
7840:
7838:
7837:
7832:
7825:
7820:
7815:
7810:
7805:
7800:
7795:
7790:
7783:
7778:
7773:
7768:
7763:
7756:
7751:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7717:
7712:
7707:
7702:
7697:
7690:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7667:
7665:
7661:
7660:
7658:
7657:
7652:
7647:
7642:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7621:
7616:
7611:
7606:
7601:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7571:
7569:Minnesota 2010
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7534:Louisiana 2007
7531:
7526:
7524:Minnesota 2006
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7499:Wisconsin 2002
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7474:Minnesota 2002
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7423:Minnesota 1998
7419:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7375:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7318:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7162:Tennessee 1966
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7127:Tennessee 1962
7124:
7119:
7117:Tennessee 1958
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7092:Tennessee 1954
7089:
7084:
7079:
7077:Tennessee 1950
7074:
7069:
7067:Wisconsin 1944
7064:
7059:
7056:Wisconsin 1942
7052:
7047:
7045:Minnesota 1942
7042:
7037:
7035:Wisconsin 1940
7032:
7030:Minnesota 1940
7026:
7024:
7017:
7016:
7014:
7013:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6990:Minnesota 2020
6987:
6982:
6976:
6968:
6963:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6854:
6849:
6847:Minnesota 2008
6844:
6839:
6834:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6772:Minnesota 2000
6769:
6764:
6759:
6757:Minnesota 1996
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6732:Minnesota 1994
6729:
6724:
6719:
6717:Louisiana 1992
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6692:Tennessee 1984
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6652:
6650:Minnesota 1976
6647:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6620:Louisiana 1972
6617:
6610:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6484:Tennessee 1946
6481:
6476:
6471:
6464:
6462:Wisconsin 1944
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6442:Minnesota 1942
6439:
6437:Minnesota 1942
6434:
6431:Wisconsin 1940
6427:
6422:
6420:Minnesota 1940
6417:
6411:
6409:
6405:
6404:
6402:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6355:
6350:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6316:
6307:
6305:
6299:
6298:
6295:
6292:
6291:
6284:
6283:
6276:
6269:
6261:
6252:
6251:
6249:
6248:
6243:
6233:
6230:
6229:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6222:
6216:
6214:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6206:
6198:
6189:
6187:
6180:
6177:American Party
6172:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6143:
6141:
6137:
6136:
6134:
6133:
6125:
6116:
6114:
6107:
6093:
6092:
6089:
6088:
6086:
6085:
6079:
6074:
6068:
6066:
6062:
6061:
6059:
6058:
6050:
6047:James Buchanan
6041:
6039:
6032:
6018:
6017:
6000:
5999:
5992:
5985:
5977:
5968:
5967:
5965:
5964:
5951:
5950:
5945:
5939:
5938:
5931:
5923:
5920:
5919:
5917:
5916:
5910:
5904:
5898:
5892:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5878:
5876:
5875:
5870:
5864:
5862:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5832:Fillmore, Utah
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5798:
5796:
5790:
5789:
5787:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5730:
5728:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5720:
5708:
5697:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5674:
5673:
5666:
5659:
5651:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5625:
5624:
5617:
5609:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5596:
5589:
5587:
5583:
5582:
5580:
5579:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5474:
5468:
5466:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5378:
5366:
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5332:
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5328:James Buchanan
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5254:External links
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4897:. p. 166.
4882:
4876:Allan Nevins,
4869:
4856:
4853:. p. 160.
4841:
4824:
4818:Allan Nevins,
4811:
4808:. p. 159.
4796:
4779:
4775:McPherson 1988
4767:
4765:, p. 140.
4763:McPherson 1988
4755:
4751:McPherson 1988
4743:
4739:McPherson 1988
4731:
4713:
4710:. p. 162.
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2428:South Carolina
2378:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:Needed to win
2365:
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2202:James Buchanan
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2019:Nothing/Whig).
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
1982:
1979:
1963:Main article:
1960:
1957:
1953:Kenneth Rayner
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1943:
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1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1549:William Dayton
1533:
1532:
1517:
1516:
1509:
1507:
1495:
1494:
1487:
1485:
1474:
1473:
1466:
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1447:
1446:
1439:
1437:
1424:
1423:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1377:
1374:
1347:was defeated.
1304:
1303:
1294:
1287:
1285:
1275:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1258:
1246:
1245:
1234:
1220:
1219:
1210:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1184:
1183:
1176:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1153:Main article:
1150:
1147:
1131:Rufus Spalding
1095:
1094:
1079:
1078:
1071:
1069:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1023:
1022:
1012:
1011:
998:
984:
983:
974:
964:
963:
956:
948:
947:
940:
932:
931:
926:
917:Main article:
914:
911:
872:
871:
856:
855:
848:
846:
825:
824:
817:
815:
800:
799:
792:
790:
785:James Buchanan
774:
773:
766:
763:
762:
753:
744:
738:
735:James Buchanan
715:
714:
708:Kentucky's 8th
700:
690:
689:
680:
670:
669:
662:
654:
653:
646:
643:James Buchanan
638:
637:
632:
623:Main article:
620:
617:
611:
608:
600:Woodrow Wilson
563:electoral vote
446:James Buchanan
429:
428:
425:
424:
417:James Buchanan
409:
388:
387:
368:
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
303:
298:
294:
293:
290:
287:
282:
278:
277:
274:
271:
266:
262:
261:
258:
255:
250:
246:
245:
240:
235:
228:
224:
223:
218:
213:
208:
204:
203:
198:
196:North American
193:
191:
187:
186:
181:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
156:
153:James Buchanan
149:
145:
144:
134:
133:
132:
131:
129:
119:
118:
117:
116:
114:
104:
103:
102:
101:
99:
91:
90:
78:
74:
73:
63:
62:
59:
58:
52:
47:
36:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9078:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9057:
9054:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9033:
9031:
9017:
9007:
9004:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8992:
8989:
8987:
8984:
8982:
8979:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8947:
8946:New Hampshire
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8929:
8927:
8926:Massachusetts
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8853:
8850:
8846:
8838:
8833:
8831:
8826:
8824:
8819:
8818:
8815:
8803:
8800:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8790:
8789:
8786:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8770:
8769:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8759:
8755:
8752:
8750:
8747:
8745:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8735:
8732:
8730:
8727:
8725:
8722:
8720:
8717:
8715:
8712:
8710:
8707:
8705:
8702:
8701:
8699:
8695:
8689:
8688:Voter turnout
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8652:
8649:
8647:
8644:
8642:
8639:
8637:
8634:
8632:
8629:
8627:
8624:
8622:
8619:
8617:
8614:
8613:
8611:
8610:
8608:
8604:
8600:
8594:
8593:Superdelegate
8591:
8589:
8586:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8576:
8575:
8573:
8571:
8567:
8561:
8560:Super Tuesday
8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8540:Iowa caucuses
8538:
8537:
8535:
8533:
8529:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8512:West Virginia
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8488:
8485:
8483:
8480:
8478:
8475:
8473:
8470:
8468:
8465:
8463:
8460:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8450:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8435:
8433:
8430:
8428:
8425:
8423:
8420:
8418:
8417:New Hampshire
8415:
8413:
8410:
8408:
8405:
8403:
8400:
8398:
8395:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8383:
8380:
8378:
8377:Massachusetts
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8310:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8288:
8285:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8269:
8267:
8265:
8261:
8255:
8254:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8238:
8235:
8233:
8230:
8228:
8225:
8223:
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8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8085:
8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
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8048:
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8040:
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8035:
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8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
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8008:
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8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7954:
7952:
7948:
7944:
7937:
7932:
7930:
7925:
7923:
7918:
7917:
7914:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7883:
7880:
7874:
7871:
7869:
7868:West Virginia
7866:
7864:
7861:
7859:
7856:
7854:
7851:
7850:
7848:
7846:
7842:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7830:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7799:
7796:
7794:
7791:
7789:
7788:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7761:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7750:
7749:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7722:
7718:
7716:
7713:
7711:
7708:
7706:
7703:
7701:
7698:
7696:
7695:
7691:
7689:
7688:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7668:
7666:
7662:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7610:
7607:
7605:
7602:
7599:
7598:
7594:
7592:
7591:Virginia 2013
7589:
7587:
7586:Kentucky 2011
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7576:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7549:Colorado 2010
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7509:Illinois 2006
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7489:Oklahoma 2002
7487:
7485:
7484:New York 2002
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7444:Kentucky 1999
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7429:New York 1998
7427:
7425:
7424:
7420:
7418:
7417:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7390:Oklahoma 1994
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7380:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7369:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7343:Oklahoma 1990
7341:
7339:
7338:New York 1990
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7323:
7319:
7317:
7316:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7299:Oklahoma 1986
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7289:Illinois 1986
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7219:Nebraska 1974
7217:
7215:
7214:
7210:
7208:
7207:Virginia 1973
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7182:New York 1970
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7172:Arkansas 1970
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7157:New York 1966
7155:
7153:
7152:Maryland 1966
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7132:Virginia 1965
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7112:Oklahoma 1958
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7097:Nebraska 1956
7095:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7057:
7053:
7051:
7050:New York 1942
7048:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7021:Gubernatorial
7018:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6995:Nebraska 2020
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6985:Arkansas 2020
6983:
6980:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6961:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6914:
6913:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6901:Missouri 2012
6899:
6897:
6896:Maryland 2012
6894:
6892:
6891:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6859:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6837:Arkansas 2008
6835:
6832:
6831:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6814:
6810:
6808:
6807:Oklahoma 2004
6805:
6803:
6802:Virginia 2002
6800:
6798:
6797:Oklahoma 2002
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6747:Virginia 1994
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6697:Virginia 1990
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6682:New York 1980
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6667:Arkansas 1978
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6657:
6656:Virginia 1976
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6640:New York 1974
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6615:
6614:Virginia 1970
6611:
6609:
6608:
6607:New York 1970
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6591:New York 1968
6589:
6587:
6586:Maryland 1968
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6571:Virginia 1966
6569:
6567:
6566:Virginia 1966
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6556:Virginia 1964
6554:
6552:
6551:Virginia 1960
6549:
6547:
6546:Virginia 1958
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6536:Virginia 1954
6534:
6532:
6531:
6527:
6525:
6524:Virginia 1952
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6514:New York 1952
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6489:Arkansas 1948
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6469:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6452:Virginia 1942
6450:
6448:
6447:Nebraska 1942
6445:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6432:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6412:
6410:
6406:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6322:
6321:
6317:
6314:
6313:
6309:
6308:
6306:
6304:
6300:
6293:
6289:
6282:
6277:
6275:
6270:
6268:
6263:
6262:
6259:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6231:
6221:
6218:
6217:
6215:
6211:
6205:
6204:
6199:
6197:
6196:
6191:
6190:
6188:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6173:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6138:
6132:
6131:
6126:
6124:
6123:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6105:
6100:
6099:
6094:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6069:
6067:
6063:
6057:
6056:
6051:
6049:
6048:
6043:
6042:
6040:
6036:
6033:
6030:
6025:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6010:
6006:
5998:
5993:
5991:
5986:
5984:
5979:
5978:
5975:
5963:
5962:
5953:
5952:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5940:
5937:
5936:
5932:
5930:
5929:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5914:
5911:
5909:(second wife)
5908:
5905:
5902:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5880:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5859:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5797:
5795:
5791:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5731:
5729:
5725:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5702:
5698:
5694:
5691:
5687:
5686:
5683:
5679:
5672:
5667:
5665:
5660:
5658:
5653:
5652:
5649:
5637:
5636:
5627:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5618:
5616:
5615:
5611:
5610:
5607:
5600:
5597:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5578:
5577:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5537:
5535:
5531:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5489:Panic of 1857
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5479:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5465:
5461:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5414:Oregon Treaty
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5395:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5352:
5348:
5344:
5341:
5337:
5336:
5333:
5329:
5322:
5317:
5315:
5310:
5308:
5303:
5302:
5299:
5293:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5274:
5271:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5239:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5214:
5213:
5203:
5201:0-19-501997-0
5197:
5193:
5188:
5187:
5180:
5175:
5174:
5167:
5163:
5161:0-06-090524-7
5157:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5146:Potter, David
5143:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5122:
5115:
5109:
5101:
5097:
5096:Nevins, Allan
5093:
5089:
5087:0-393-95370-X
5083:
5079:
5074:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5058:0-19-504100-3
5054:
5050:
5045:
5041:
5040:
5035:
5031:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5018:0-19-508922-7
5014:
5010:
5006:
5001:
5000:
4990:
4988:9780195038637
4984:
4980:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4966:
4965:
4945:
4941:
4937:
4936:NC Law Review
4933:
4926:
4911:
4904:
4896:
4889:
4887:
4879:
4873:
4866:
4860:
4852:
4845:
4837:
4834:
4828:
4821:
4815:
4807:
4800:
4792:
4789:
4783:
4776:
4771:
4764:
4759:
4752:
4747:
4740:
4735:
4727:
4723:
4717:
4709:
4702:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4680:
4676:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4607:
4594:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4575:
4570:
4568:
4563:
4561:
4556:
4554:
4549:
4547:
4542:
4541:
4540:
4534:
4529:
4527:
4522:
4520:
4515:
4513:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4475:New Hampshire
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4438:Massachusetts
4436:
4435:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4137:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4088:
4082:
4080:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3863:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:New Hampshire
3730:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3544:Massachusetts
3542:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2891:
2888:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2856:
2845:
2834:
2823:
2819:
2794:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2727:
2722:
2715:
2710:
2703:
2698:
2691:
2686:
2682:
2676:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2652:
2647:
2640:
2635:
2628:
2623:
2616:
2611:
2610:
2597:
2592:
2591:
2569:
2565:
2556:
2552:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2499:
2495:
2486:
2482:
2473:
2469:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2423:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2393:
2389:
2386:Leip, David.
2384:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2178:Running mate
2170:Popular vote
2159:
2153:
2151:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2122:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2033:
2025:
2016:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1987:Liberty Party
1978:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1917:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1691:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1545:New York City
1537:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1373:
1370:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1338:
1337:34th Congress
1334:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1317:
1308:
1301:from New York
1300:
1299:
1291:
1286:
1283:from New York
1281:
1280:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1189:for President
1186:
1185:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1099:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1018:
1013:
1006:
1002:
999:
993:
989:
986:
985:
979:
975:
970:
966:
965:
962:
961:
957:
955:
954:
953:for President
950:
949:
946:
941:
939:
934:
933:
929:
924:
920:
910:
908:
904:
899:
897:
893:
889:
884:
876:
868:
864:
863:
859:
852:
847:
842:
837:
833:
832:
828:
821:
816:
811:
806:
805:
796:
791:
787:
786:
781:
777:
770:
765:
764:
761:
757:
754:
752:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
732:
731:
725:
721:
709:
704:
701:
695:
692:
691:
685:
681:
676:
672:
671:
668:
667:
663:
661:
660:
659:for President
656:
655:
652:
647:
645:
640:
639:
635:
630:
626:
616:
607:
605:
601:
597:
596:New Hampshire
593:
589:
585:
581:
580:Supreme Court
578:
577:
572:
568:
564:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
535:
533:
529:
525:
524:anti-Catholic
521:
517:
513:
508:
506:
502:
497:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
444:
440:
436:
423:
422:
418:
413:
410:
408:
407:
403:
398:
395:
394:
389:
384:
315:
307:
304:
302:
299:
296:
295:
291:
288:
286:
283:
280:
279:
275:
272:
270:
267:
264:
263:
259:
256:
254:
251:
248:
247:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
233:
229:
226:
225:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
206:
205:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
154:
150:
147:
146:
138:
130:
123:
115:
108:
100:
97:
96:
92:
89:
79:
75:
70:
64:
57: →
56:
53:
51:
48:
46:
43:←
42:
41:
37:
25:
19:
8976:Rhode Island
8971:Pennsylvania
8844:
8714:Election Day
8477:South Dakota
8467:Rhode Island
8462:Pennsylvania
8442:North Dakota
8251:
8041:
7827:
7785:
7758:
7746:
7719:
7692:
7685:
7639:Vermont 2020
7634:Indiana 2020
7619:Wyoming 2014
7595:
7581:Wyoming 2010
7573:
7539:Vermont 2008
7494:Vermont 2002
7459:Arizona 2002
7454:Vermont 2000
7421:
7414:
7405:Vermont 1994
7377:
7320:
7313:
7304:Vermont 1986
7284:Arizona 1986
7269:Arizona 1982
7239:Vermont 1976
7234:Vermont 1974
7211:
7167:Alabama 1970
7142:Georgia 1966
7137:Alabama 1966
7087:Vermont 1952
7054:
7023:(since 1940)
6972:Vermont 2018
6970:
6958:
6949:Indiana 2016
6939:Arizona 2016
6929:Wyoming 2014
6912:Vermont 2012
6910:
6906:Montana 2012
6888:
6884:Indiana 2012
6869:Indiana 2010
6864:Florida 2010
6856:
6830:Vermont 2006
6828:
6819:Indiana 2006
6811:
6762:Arizona 2000
6742:Vermont 1994
6727:Arizona 1994
6707:Arizona 1992
6662:Alabama 1978
6654:
6625:Florida 1974
6612:
6605:
6576:Alabama 1968
6528:
6494:Alabama 1950
6466:
6429:
6336:
6318:
6310:
6303:Presidential
6236:
6200:
6192:
6175:
6127:
6119:
6096:
6052:
6044:
6021:
6013:1860 →
6008:
6005:← 1852
5954:
5933:
5926:
5891:(first wife)
5861:Public image
5773:
5769:Know Nothing
5628:
5619:
5612:
5593:Harriet Lane
5574:
5533:Public image
5476:
5443:
5243:
5233:
5225:
5216:
5185:
5172:
5149:
5129:
5125:
5099:
5077:
5066:
5048:
5038:
5026:
5007:. New York:
5004:
4972:
4950:December 30,
4948:. Retrieved
4944:the original
4939:
4935:
4925:
4913:. Retrieved
4908:Murse, Tom.
4903:
4894:
4877:
4872:
4864:
4859:
4850:
4844:
4835:
4827:
4822:(1947) 2:467
4819:
4814:
4805:
4799:
4790:
4782:
4770:
4758:
4746:
4734:
4721:
4716:
4707:
4701:
4688:
4679:
4603:
4590:
4585:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4538:
4530:
4523:
4516:
4509:
4504:
4501:Close states
4490:Rhode Island
4266:
4172:
4127:
4091:
4086:
4078:
4022:Rhode Island
3973:Pennsylvania
3895:
3703:
3658:
3417:
3372:
3180:
3135:
2943:
2895:
2816:State Total
2761:Breckinridge
2746:
2740:
2539:
2456:
2443:Popular vote
2425:
2424:
2415:. Retrieved
2403:
2395:. Retrieved
2391:
2382:
2381:
2339:
2325:
2308:
2284:
2267:
2243:
2226:
2213:Pennsylvania
2200:
2147:
2130:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2079:
2068:
2054:through the
2049:
2038:
1999:Gerrit Smith
1984:
1972:
1968:
1945:
1937:
1926:
1876:
1542:
1528:Pennsylvania
1521:
1500:
1478:
1458:
1451:
1429:
1379:
1364:Allan Nevins
1360:
1352:Philadelphia
1349:
1344:Henry Wilson
1341:
1325:
1316:Know Nothing
1313:
1296:
1277:
1249:
1195:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1163:
1111:
1104:
1083:
1058:
1026:
1001:U.S. Senator
988:U.S. Senator
959:
958:
952:
951:
927:
900:
885:
881:
860:
840:
829:
809:
802:
783:
729:
665:
664:
658:
657:
633:
613:
574:
560:
546:called for "
536:
509:
494:
458:Know Nothing
434:
432:
415:
411:
400:
396:
300:
284:
268:
252:
230:
211:Pennsylvania
184:Know Nothing
151:
49:
18:
8936:Mississippi
8871:Connecticut
8744:Swing state
8392:Mississippi
8302:Connecticut
7655:Oregon 2022
7645:Alaska 2022
7629:Kansas 2018
7604:Hawaii 2014
7597:Alaska 2014
7504:Alaska 2006
7410:Alaska 1998
7373:Hawaii 1994
7363:Alaska 1994
7348:Oregon 1990
7328:Kansas 1990
7315:Alaska 1990
7279:Alaska 1986
7274:Hawaii 1982
7264:Alaska 1982
7244:Alaska 1978
7224:Nevada 1974
6979:Alaska 2020
6954:Kansas 2016
6934:Alaska 2016
6919:Kansas 2014
6852:Oregon 2008
6782:Kansas 2002
6777:Alaska 2002
6752:Alaska 1996
6712:Hawaii 1992
6702:Alaska 1992
6635:Nevada 1974
6630:Hawaii 1974
6581:Alaska 1968
6193:President:
6157:John McLean
6120:President:
6084:(incumbent)
6045:President:
5706:(1849–1850)
5695:(1850–1853)
5388:(1821–1823)
5376:(1823–1831)
5364:(1834–1845)
5356:(1845–1849)
5345:(1857–1861)
5102:. New York.
5034:Foner, Eric
4962:Works cited
4614:James Mason
4604:During the
4455:Connecticut
3642:Mississippi
3021:Connecticut
2805:Republican
2800:Democratic
2255:California
2192:Home state
2186:Percentage
2167:Home state
2136:ran on the
1894:John McLean
1833:Scattering
1785:Scattering
1700:John McLean
1690:Thomas Ford
1480:John McLean
1397:John McLean
1243:(1846–1849)
1232:(1850–1853)
1085:John McLean
1038:John McLean
1009:(1842–1851)
996:(1850–1851)
778:and former
712:(1851–1855)
698:(1853–1856)
610:Nominations
592:New England
567:slave state
297:Percentage
9030:Categories
8951:New Jersey
8866:California
8507:Washington
8427:New Mexico
8422:New Jersey
8292:California
7650:Idaho 2022
7624:Maine 2018
7609:Maine 2014
7559:Maine 2010
7554:Idaho 2010
7529:Texas 2006
7514:Maine 2006
7469:Maine 2002
7416:Maine 1998
7379:Maine 1994
7333:Maine 1990
7294:Maine 1986
7254:Maine 1978
7229:Texas 1974
7213:Maine 1974
7197:Texas 1972
7147:Idaho 1966
7102:Texas 1956
7082:Maine 1952
7000:Idaho 2022
6960:Maine 2018
6944:Idaho 2016
6890:Maine 2012
6842:Idaho 2008
6824:Maine 2006
6672:Maine 1978
6509:Maine 1952
6220:George Law
6104:Convention
6072:Lewis Cass
6029:Convention
5903:(daughter)
5794:Presidency
5744:Whig Party
5464:Presidency
4672:References
4382:4,051,605
4358:1,340,668
4349:1,835,140
4267:no ballots
4173:no ballots
4128:no ballots
3896:no ballots
3781:New Jersey
3704:no ballots
3659:no ballots
3418:no ballots
3373:no ballots
3181:no ballots
3136:no ballots
2972:California
2944:no ballots
2896:no ballots
2352:4,054,647
2275:New Jersey
2258:1,342,345
2251:Republican
2217:1,836,072
2208:Democratic
1997:candidate
1933:New Jersey
1298:George Law
1261:George Law
1065:California
1005:New Jersey
992:California
892:Lewis Cass
888:Cincinnati
862:Lewis Cass
801:President
756:Lewis Cass
526:policies,
505:Whig Party
450:Republican
421:Democratic
406:Democratic
289:1,342,345
216:California
179:Republican
174:Democratic
9006:Wisconsin
8986:Tennessee
8911:Louisiana
8517:Wisconsin
8482:Tennessee
8387:Minnesota
8362:Louisiana
7863:Louisiana
7803:Guam 2018
7353:Utah 1992
7309:Utah 1988
7107:Utah 1956
7010:Utah 2022
6879:Utah 2010
6737:Ohio 1994
6722:Ohio 1992
6645:Utah 1974
6541:Utah 1958
5429:Doughface
5424:Wheatland
5138:0009-8078
5108:cite book
4495:Wisconsin
4414:Tennessee
4295:Wisconsin
4111:Tennessee
3401:Louisiana
2857:electoral
2846:electoral
2835:electoral
2824:electoral
2810:American
2681:Cartogram
2316:Tennessee
2296:New York
2173:Electoral
2128:in 1860.
2041:free soil
1975:Baltimore
907:Linn Boyd
528:nominated
478:civil war
448:defeated
285:1,836,072
190:Alliance
9066:Utah War
9001:Virginia
8956:New York
8941:Missouri
8931:Michigan
8921:Maryland
8906:Kentucky
8891:Illinois
8876:Delaware
8861:Arkansas
8612:Results
8502:Virginia
8452:Oklahoma
8432:New York
8407:Nebraska
8397:Missouri
8382:Michigan
8372:Maryland
8357:Kentucky
8337:Illinois
8307:Delaware
8297:Colorado
8287:Arkansas
6186:Nominees
6113:Nominees
6038:Nominees
5961:Category
5915:(father)
5635:Category
5601:(nephew)
5494:Utah War
5288:Archived
5276:Archived
5148:(1976).
5098:(1947).
5036:(1970).
4971:(1988).
4693:CQ Press
4620:See also
4480:New York
4470:Michigan
4426:Maryland
4409:Kentucky
4390:TO WIN:
4376:494,472
4367:872,703
4343:TOTALS:
4335:119,512
4329:−13,247
4286:150,223
4250:Virginia
4235:−28,984
4147:133,582
4013:460,161
3989:147,286
3980:230,686
3964:386,497
3958:−16,623
3940:187,497
3931:170,874
3870:596,486
3864:−80,126
3855:124,604
3846:276,004
3837:195,878
3830:New York
3723:106,486
3687:Missouri
3633:125,561
3627:−19,623
3593:Michigan
3584:170,048
3578:−68,928
3560:108,172
3495:Maryland
3486:109,689
3480:−28,139
3392:142,058
3356:Kentucky
3298:235,431
3265:118,670
3249:239,334
3216:105,528
3209:Illinois
3070:Delaware
3012:110,255
2927:Arkansas
2901:00048669
2884:00013618
2785:Donelson
2781:Fillmore
2757:Buchanan
2567:Fillmore
2540:Buchanan
2484:Fillmore
2457:Buchanan
2417:July 31,
2397:July 27,
2299:873,053
2292:American
2234:Kentucky
2140:ticket.
2010:Campaign
1519:Governor
867:Michigan
836:Illinois
760:Michigan
751:Illinois
571:Maryland
460:nominee
452:nominee
443:Democrat
379:Lavender
292:873,053
221:New York
148:Nominee
8996:Vermont
8896:Indiana
8886:Georgia
8881:Florida
8856:Alabama
8697:Related
8616:summary
8522:Wyoming
8497:Vermont
8402:Montana
8342:Indiana
8322:Georgia
8317:Florida
8282:Arizona
8272:Alabama
7873:Wyoming
6312:1788–89
5246:(1965)
5236:(1977)
5192:254–291
4915:July 7,
4728:. 1979.
4443:Vermont
4332:−11.08
4311:66,090
4302:52,843
4280:29,933
4271:60,150
4257:90,083
4241:50,748
4238:−57.12
4217:39,561
4208:10,577
4201:Vermont
4192:46,808
4186:15,530
4177:15,639
4163:31,169
4132:63,878
4118:69,704
4062:19,822
4059:−24.15
4056:−4,787
4038:11,467
4007:83,400
3998:82,189
3949:28,126
3915:84,963
3909:11,523
3900:36,720
3886:48,243
3867:−13.43
3821:99,396
3815:22,828
3806:24,115
3797:28,338
3788:46,943
3772:69,774
3766:−5,582
3748:37,473
3739:31,891
3708:48,522
3694:57,964
3678:59,647
3672:11,265
3663:24,191
3649:35,456
3630:−15.63
3609:71,762
3600:52,139
3581:−40.53
3569:19,626
3551:39,244
3535:86,860
3529:−8,329
3520:47,452
3502:39,123
3483:−25.66
3462:67,279
3453:39,140
3437:42,873
3422:20,709
3408:22,164
3377:67,416
3363:74,642
3347:92,310
3341:−7,505
3323:45,073
3314:37,568
3292:24,295
3283:22,386
3274:94,375
3258:Indiana
3234:37,531
3225:96,275
3200:99,020
3194:14,142
3185:42,439
3171:56,581
3164:Georgia
3155:11,191
3119:Florida
3110:14,589
3061:80,329
3055:−7,720
3037:42,717
3028:34,997
3006:17,147
2997:36,195
2988:20,704
2979:53,342
2963:32,642
2957:11,178
2948:10,732
2934:21,910
2918:75,291
2912:18,187
2903:28,552
2886:46,739
2876:Alabama
2813:Margin
2769:Frémont
2571:
2558:
2554:Frémont
2545:
2501:
2488:
2475:
2471:Frémont
2462:
2302:21.53%
2261:33.11%
2220:45.28%
2144:Results
1924:Senator
1922:Former
1498:Senator
1496:Former
1449:Speaker
1427:Senator
1425:Former
1335:in the
1056:Senator
1054:Former
858:Senator
827:Senator
496:Slavery
472:at the
98:
77:Turnout
8457:Oregon
8412:Nevada
8352:Kansas
8327:Hawaii
8277:Alaska
7858:Hawaii
7853:Alaska
6246:Senate
5882:Family
5586:Family
5238:online
5219:(1856)
5198:
5158:
5136:
5084:
5071:online
5055:
5015:
4985:
4370:21.54
4361:33.09
4352:45.29
4314:55.30
4305:44.22
4283:19.92
4274:40.04
4260:59.96
4220:77.96
4211:20.84
4189:33.18
4180:33.41
4166:66.59
4141:5,826
4135:47.82
4121:52.18
4047:1,675
4041:57.85
4032:33.70
4029:6,680
4010:18.12
4001:17.86
3992:32.01
3983:50.13
3961:−4.30
3943:48.51
3934:44.21
3912:13.56
3903:43.22
3889:56.78
3858:20.89
3849:46.27
3840:32.84
3818:18.72
3809:24.26
3800:28.51
3791:47.23
3769:−8.00
3751:53.71
3742:45.71
3717:9,442
3711:45.57
3697:54.43
3675:18.88
3666:40.56
3652:59.44
3618:1,660
3612:57.15
3603:41.52
3572:11.54
3563:63.61
3554:23.08
3532:−9.59
3523:54.63
3505:45.04
3471:3,270
3465:61.34
3456:35.68
3431:1,455
3425:48.30
3411:51.70
3386:7,226
3380:47.46
3366:52.54
3344:−8.13
3335:10.47
3332:9,669
3326:48.83
3317:40.70
3295:10.32
3277:40.09
3268:50.41
3243:9,253
3237:15.68
3228:40.23
3219:44.09
3197:14.28
3188:42.86
3174:57.14
3152:13.62
3149:1,525
3143:43.19
3140:4,833
3129:56.81
3126:6,358
3107:11.84
3104:1,729
3098:42.99
3095:6,275
3080:54.83
3077:8,004
3058:−9.61
3046:2,615
3040:53.18
3031:43.57
3009:15.55
3000:32.83
2991:18.78
2982:48.38
2960:34.24
2951:32.88
2937:67.12
2915:24.16
2906:37.92
2889:62.08
2859:votes
2848:votes
2837:votes
2826:votes
2821:State
2773:Dayton
2562:38.51%
2549:58.78%
2497:Others
2492:21.53%
2479:33.11%
2466:45.28%
2349:Total
2333:0.08%
2330:3,177
2183:Count
2164:Party
308:21.5%
305:33.1%
170:Party
80:79.4%
8991:Texas
8916:Maine
8487:Texas
8367:Maine
8332:Idaho
6241:House
5897:(son)
5716:NY–32
4465:Maine
4379:12.2
4323:0.48
4229:1.07
4156:Texas
4144:4.36
4050:8.45
3952:7.28
3760:0.59
3720:8.86
3621:1.32
3514:0.33
3474:2.98
3446:Maine
3434:3.40
3389:5.08
3286:9.51
3246:3.86
3089:2.12
3049:3.26
2575:2.70%
2505:0.08%
2355:100%
2340:Other
2326:Other
2175:vote
1931:from
1088:from
1063:from
1003:from
990:from
865:from
834:from
301:45.3%
8966:Ohio
8901:Iowa
8777:1974
8772:1973
8758:2000
8492:Utah
8447:Ohio
8347:Iowa
8253:2024
8247:2020
8242:2016
8237:2012
8232:2008
8227:2004
8222:2000
8217:1996
8212:1992
8207:1988
8202:1984
8197:1980
8192:1976
8187:1972
8182:1968
8177:1964
8172:1960
8167:1956
8162:1952
8157:1948
8152:1944
8147:1940
8142:1936
8137:1932
8132:1928
8127:1924
8122:1920
8117:1916
8112:1912
8107:1908
8102:1904
8097:1900
8092:1896
8087:1892
8082:1888
8077:1884
8072:1880
8067:1876
8062:1872
8057:1868
8052:1864
8047:1860
8042:1856
8037:1852
8032:1848
8027:1844
8022:1840
8017:1836
8012:1832
8007:1828
8002:1824
7997:1820
7992:1816
7987:1812
7982:1808
7977:1804
7972:1800
7967:1796
7962:1792
7957:1788
6399:1996
6394:1992
6389:1980
6384:1968
6379:1960
6374:1948
6369:1924
6364:1912
6358:1896
6353:1892
6347:1872
6342:1860
6337:1856
6332:1848
6327:1832
6320:1792
6007:)
5727:Life
5714:for
5701:12th
5690:13th
5397:Life
5386:PA–3
5384:for
5374:PA–4
5372:for
5351:17th
5340:15th
5196:ISBN
5156:ISBN
5134:ISSN
5114:link
5082:ISBN
5053:ISBN
5013:ISBN
4983:ISBN
4952:2020
4917:2021
4485:Ohio
4460:Iowa
4393:149
4364:114
4355:174
4346:296
4320:579
4226:545
3924:Ohio
3757:410
3511:285
3307:Iowa
3086:310
2419:2005
2399:2005
2376:149
2371:149
2363:296
2358:296
2279:114
2264:114
2238:174
2223:174
2075:Cuba
1995:1848
1224:13th
1090:Ohio
896:1848
706:for
604:1916
588:1884
522:and
510:The
456:and
433:The
371:Blue
257:114
201:Whig
86:9.9
55:1860
45:1852
5221:...
4609:by
4385:US
4338:WI
4289:VA
4263:15
4254:15
4244:VT
4195:TX
4150:TN
4124:12
4115:12
4105:SC
4065:RI
4016:PA
3986:27
3977:27
3967:OH
3946:23
3928:23
3918:NC
3892:10
3883:10
3873:NY
3852:35
3834:35
3824:NJ
3775:NH
3726:MO
3681:MS
3636:MI
3587:MA
3566:13
3548:13
3538:MD
3489:ME
3440:LA
3395:KY
3369:12
3360:12
3350:IA
3301:IN
3271:13
3262:13
3252:IL
3222:11
3213:11
3203:GA
3177:10
3168:10
3158:FL
3113:DE
3064:CT
3015:CA
2966:AR
2921:AL
1804:15
1788:21
1758:18
1755:20
1752:14
1742:12
1731:24
1728:30
1725:40
1722:41
1719:40
1716:33
1713:29
1707:10
1704:19
1694:16
1686:92
1683:18
1680:28
1677:27
1674:29
1671:29
1668:31
1665:37
1662:37
1659:36
1656:34
1646:59
1635:53
1632:50
1629:50
1626:51
1623:45
1620:46
1617:47
1614:46
1611:48
1608:43
1593:11
1590:10
1526:of
1331:as
1236:2nd
602:in
598:to
480:in
375:Red
273:11
253:174
9032::
6239::
5194:.
5132:.
5130:48
5128:.
5110:}}
5106:{{
5011:.
4981:.
4977:.
4940:80
4938:.
4934:.
4885:^
4724:.
4691:.
4687:.
4373:8
4326:–
4317:5
4308:–
4299:5
4277:–
4232:–
4223:5
4214:–
4205:5
4183:–
4169:4
4160:4
4138:–
4102:–
4099:–
4096:–
4083:8
4075:8
4053:–
4044:4
4035:–
4026:4
4004:–
3995:–
3955:–
3937:–
3906:–
3861:–
3843:–
3812:–
3803:–
3794:7
3785:7
3763:–
3754:5
3745:–
3736:5
3714:–
3700:9
3691:9
3669:–
3655:7
3646:7
3624:–
3615:6
3606:–
3597:6
3575:–
3557:–
3526:8
3517:–
3508:–
3499:8
3477:–
3468:8
3459:–
3450:8
3428:–
3414:6
3405:6
3383:–
3338:–
3329:4
3320:–
3311:4
3289:–
3280:–
3240:–
3231:–
3191:–
3146:–
3132:3
3123:3
3101:–
3092:–
3083:3
3074:3
3052:–
3043:6
3034:–
3025:6
3003:–
2994:–
2985:4
2976:4
2954:–
2940:4
2931:4
2909:–
2892:9
2880:9
2868:#
2865:%
2862:#
2854:%
2851:#
2843:%
2840:#
2832:%
2829:#
2745:,
2410:.
2390:.
2344:—
2336:—
2320:8
2305:8
1866:0
1863:0
1860:0
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1734:0
1710:2
1638:0
1587:9
1584:8
1581:7
1578:6
1575:5
1572:4
1569:3
1566:2
1563:1
1551:.
1339:.
1145:.
542:.
492:.
276:1
269:19
260:8
88:pp
8836:e
8829:t
8822:v
8760:)
8756:(
7935:e
7928:t
7921:v
7641:*
7600:*
7012:*
6981:*
6975:*
6915:*
6833:*
6360:*
6349:*
6323:*
6315:*
6280:e
6273:t
6266:v
6106:)
6102:(
6031:)
6027:(
6015:)
6011:(
6003:(
5996:e
5989:t
5982:v
5670:e
5663:t
5656:v
5320:e
5313:t
5306:v
5204:.
5164:.
5140:.
5116:)
5090:.
5061:.
5021:.
4991:.
4954:.
4919:.
4695:.
2783:/
2771:/
2759:/
2421:.
2401:.
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