1860 United States presidential election

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vote in the electoral college within that state) might have been accepted as a valid presidential ballot; however, what this meant in practice was that a candidate's campaign was responsible for printing and distributing their own ballots (this service was typically done by supportive newspaper publishers). Moreover, since voters did not choose the president directly, but rather presidential electors, the only way for a voter to meaningfully support a particular candidate for president was cast a ballot for citizens of his state who would have pledged to vote for the candidate in the Electoral College. In ten southern slave states, no citizen would publicly pledge to vote for Abraham Lincoln, so citizens there had no legal means to vote for the Republican nominee. In most of Virginia, no publisher would print ballots for Lincoln's pledged electors. While a citizen without access to a ballot for Lincoln could theoretically have still voted for him by means of a

418: 450: 438: 118: 3838: 3826: 3814: 2887:(Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri), unionist popular votes were scattered among Lincoln, Douglas, and Bell, to form a majority in all four. In the four Middle South states, there was a unionist majority divided between Douglas and Bell in Virginia and Tennessee; in North Carolina and Arkansas, the unionist (Bell and Douglas) vote approached a majority. In three of the seven Deep South states, unionists (Bell and Douglas) won divided majorities in Georgia and Louisiana and neared it in Alabama. Breckinridge convincingly carried only four of the seven states of the Deep South (South Carolina, Florida, Mississippi, and Texas). The Deep South states had the largest enslaved populations, and consequently the smallest enfranchised free white populations. 793: 444: 426: 3763: 3802: 431: 3751: 3739: 3850: 879: 3703: 427: 421: 440: 2146: 1449: 6675:

rules for the territories. It was that group that prevented immediate secession in Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas when Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861. He took no action against the secessionists in the seven "Confederate" states, but also declared that secession had no legal validity and refused to surrender federal property in those states. (He also reiterated his opposition to slavery anywhere in the territories.) Preparing to form an army, on 6 March 1861 Davis called for 100,000 volunteers to serve for twelve months. The political standoff continued until mid-April, when Davis ordered Confederate troops to bombard and capture

3727: 447: 3775: 784: 3787: 41: 1566: 451: 975: 2513:. Houston's supporters at the gathering did not nominate a vice presidential candidate, since they expected later gatherings to carry out that function. Later mass meetings were held in northern cities, such as New York City on May 30, 1860, but they too failed to nominate a vice presidential candidate. Houston, never enthusiastic about running for the presidency, soon became convinced that he had no chance of winning and that his candidacy would only make it easier for the Republican candidate to win. He withdrew from the race on August 16, and urged the formation of a Unified "Union" ticket in opposition to Lincoln. 2277: 1356: 291: 435: 3137:

are the lowest for a Democrat in history. Douglas attained a 28 to 47% share in the states of the Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, and Trans-Mississippi West, but slipped to 19 to 39% in New England. Outside his regional section, Douglas took 15 to 17% of the popular vote total in the slave states of Kentucky, Alabama, and Louisiana, then 10 percent or less in the nine remaining slave states. Douglas, in his "Norfolk Doctrine", reiterated in North Carolina, promised to keep the Union together by coercion if states proceeded to secede: the popular vote for Lincoln and Douglas combined was 69.17% of the turnout.

2230: 3715: 437: 424: 133: 1864: 433: 423: 2989: 1158:, which may have ensured him the nomination although he had not yet announced his intention to run. Delivered in Seward's home state and attended by Greeley, Lincoln used the speech to show that the Republican Party was a party of moderates, not crazed fanatics, as Southerners and Democrats claimed. Afterward, Lincoln was in much demand for speaking engagements. As the convention approached, Lincoln did not campaign actively, as the "office was expected to seek the man". So it did at the Illinois state convention, a week before the national convention. Young politician 3158: 904: 3109:

outright majorities in enough states, that if he lost all states that he took with pluralities, he would still have enough electoral votes to win. At most, a single opponent nationwide would have deprived Lincoln of only California, Oregon, and four New Jersey electors, whose combined total of eleven electoral votes would have made no difference to the result since every other state won by the Republicans was won by a clear majority of the vote: in this scenario, Lincoln would have received 169 electoral votes, 17 more than the 152 required to win.

1018: 415: 999: 1788: 419: 3033: 2324: 1644: 422: 1612: 2183: 2951: 2970: 276: 430: 1404: 11988: 927: 1041: 2408: 1496: 1883: 1542: 1590: 2098: 1365: 2253: 3116:, Lincoln still won two and split New Jersey. Despite this, a shift of 25,000 votes to the fusion ticket in New York would have left Lincoln with 145 electoral votes - seven votes short of winning the Electoral College - and forced a contingent election in the House of Representatives. Of the five states that Lincoln failed to carry despite polling votes, he received 20 percent of the vote in only one (Delaware), and 10 percent of the vote in only one more (Missouri). 429: 2301: 432: 13139: 1936: 1963: 434: 443: 13151: 1210: 1519: 442: 2480: 2207: 7019:

slate. Eventually, the state party worked out an agreement: if either candidate could win the national election with Pennsylvania's electoral vote, then all her electoral votes would go to that candidate. Of the 27 electoral candidates, 15 were Breckinridge supporters; the remaining 12 were for Douglas. This was often referred to as the Reading electoral slate, because it was in that city that the state party chose it.

2107: 1064: 94: 2899:– the future state accounted for 1,832 of Lincoln's 1,929 votes. Lincoln received no votes at all in 121 of the state's at-the-time 145 counties (including 31 of the 50 that would form West Virginia), received a single vote in three counties and received ten or fewer votes in nine of the 24 counties where he polled votes. Lincoln's best results, by far, were in the four counties that comprised the state's 448: 1171:

maneuvering by Lincoln's delegate wranglers convinced some delegates to abandon Seward in favor of Lincoln. Lincoln's combination of a moderate stance on slavery, long support for economic issues, his western origins, and strong oratory proved to be exactly what the delegates wanted in a president. On the third ballot on May 18, Lincoln secured the presidential nomination overwhelmingly. Senator

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Lincoln. In comparison, the other six states of the Deep South made up one-fourth the Confederate voting population, split 57 percent Breckinridge versus 43 percent for the two pro-union candidates. The four states that were admitted to the Confederacy after Fort Sumter held almost half its population, and voted a narrow combined majority of 53 percent for the pro-union candidates.

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votes, a candidate (or his party) had to have ballots printed and organize a group of electors pledged to that candidate. Except in some border areas, the Republican party did not attempt any organization in the South and did not print ballots there because almost no one was willing to acknowledge publicly they were voting for Lincoln for fear of violent retribution.

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an attempt either to force the anti-Republican candidates to coordinate their electoral votes or throw the election into the House of Representatives, where the selection of the president would be made by the representatives elected in 1858, before the Republican majorities in both House and Senate achieved in 1860 were seated in the new

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particular candidate. The 1824 and 1860 presidential elections were the only two prior to the introduction of the secret ballot where a winning candidate was so unpopular in a particular region that it was impossible to organize and print ballots for a slate of eligible voters pledged to vote for that candidate in an entire state.

2907:(Virginia's northernmost at the time) returned Lincoln's best result – he polled over 40% of the vote there and finished in second place (Lincoln polled only eight votes fewer than Breckinridge). Of the 97 votes cast for Lincoln in the state's post-1863 boundaries, 93 were polled in four counties along the 445: 3096:

young Republican men's organization massively expanded registered voter lists, and although Lincoln was not even on the ballot in most Southern states, population increases in the free states had far exceeded those seen in the slave states for many years before the election of 1860, hence free states

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In the eleven states that would later declare their secession from the Union and be controlled by Confederate armies, ballots for Lincoln were cast only in Virginia, where he received 1,929 votes (1.15 percent of the total). Unsurprisingly, the vast majority of the votes Lincoln received were cast in

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Among the slave states, the three states with the highest voter turnouts voted the most one-sided. Texas, with five percent of the total wartime South's population, voted 75 percent Breckinridge. Kentucky and Missouri, with one-fourth the total population, voted 73 percent pro-Union Bell, Douglas and

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The conservative Bates was an unlikely candidate but found support from Horace Greeley, who sought any chance to defeat Seward, with whom he now had a bitter feud. Bates outlined his positions on the extension of slavery into the territories and equal constitutional rights for all citizens, positions

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Lincoln's main opponent in the North was Douglas, who won the popular vote in Missouri, electoral votes in New Jersey, and the second highest popular vote total nationally. Douglas was the only candidate in the 1860 election to win electoral votes in both free and slave states. In the South, Bell won

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Not all of the Douglas supporters agreed to the Reading slate deal and established a separate Douglas only ticket. This slate comprised the 12 Douglas electoral candidates on the Reading ticket, and 15 additional Douglas supporters. This ticket was usually referred to as the Straight Douglas ticket.

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Ballots were printed sheets, usually printed by the party, with the name of the candidate(s) and the names of presidential electors who were pledged to that presidential candidate. Voters brought the ballot to the polling station and dropped it publicly into the election box. In order to receive any

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Bell carried three slave states (Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia) and lost Maryland by only 722 votes. Nevertheless, he finished a remarkable second in all slave states won by Breckinridge or Douglas. He won 45 to 47 percent in Maryland, Tennessee, and North Carolina and canvassed respectably with

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In their campaigning, Bell and Douglas both claimed that disunion would not necessarily follow a Lincoln election. Nonetheless, loyal army officers in Virginia, Kansas and South Carolina warned Lincoln of military preparations to the contrary. Secessionists threw their support behind Breckinridge in

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Even with such support from his home state, Lincoln faced a difficult task if he was to win the nomination. He set about ensuring that he was the second choice of most delegates, realizing that the first round of voting at the convention was unlikely to produce a clear winner. He engineered that the

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The Democratic Party chose its slate of electors before the National Convention in Charleston, SC. Since this was decided before the party split, both Douglas supporters and Breckinridge supporters claimed the right for their man to be considered the party candidate and the support of the electoral

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The Fusion slate consisted of 3 electors pledged to Douglas, and 2 each to Breckinridge and Bell. Nonetheless, different electors appeared in some counties for Breckinridge and Bell, resulting in lower totals for them and a split electoral outcome. The 3 Douglas electors were elected and 4 of those

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Douglas was the only candidate who won electoral votes in both slave and free states (free New Jersey and slave Missouri). His support was the most widespread geographically; he finished second behind Lincoln in the popular vote with 29.52%, but last in the Electoral College. His 12 electoral votes

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among all winning presidential candidates in U.S. history. Lincoln's share of the popular vote would likely have been even lower if there had been a popular vote in South Carolina, though conversely it would likely have been marginally higher had he been on the ballot in all of the Southern states.

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There were no ballots distributed for Lincoln in ten of the Southern states: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. This withheld 61 potential electoral votes from Lincoln, a fifth of what was the total 303 available to the

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provided his state had electors pledged to Lincoln and the voter knew their identities, casting a ballot in favor of the Republican candidate in a strongly pro-slavery county would have incurred (at minimum) social ostracization (of course, casting a vote for Breckinridge in a strongly abolitionist

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One key difference between modern elections and those of the mid-nineteenth century is that at the time the state did not print and distribute ballots. In theory, any document containing a valid or at least non-excessive number names of citizens of a particular state (provided they were eligible to

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As the convention developed, however, it was revealed that frontrunners Seward, Chase, and Bates had each alienated factions of the Republican Party. Seward had been painted as a radical, and his speeches on slavery predicted inevitable conflict, which spooked moderate delegates. He also was firmly

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All of the secessionist activity was motivated by fear for the institution of slavery in the South. If the President (and, by extension, the appointed federal officials in the South, such as district attorneys, marshals, postmasters, and judges) opposed slavery, it might collapse. There were fears

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did not exist in the sense it does today: there was no standardized state-issued ballot for a candidate to "appear" on. Instead, presidential ballots were printed and distributed by agents of the candidates and their parties, who organized slates of would-be electors publicly pledged to vote for a

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found several fence rails that Lincoln may have split as a youngster and paraded them into the convention with a banner that proclaimed Lincoln to be "The Rail Candidate" for president. Lincoln received a thunderous ovation, surpassing his and his political allies' expectations. Lincoln's campaign

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Chase, a former Democrat, had alienated many of the former Whigs by his coalition with the Democrats in the late 1840s. He had also opposed tariffs demanded by Pennsylvania and even had opposition from his own delegation from Ohio. However, Chase's firm antislavery stance made him popular with the

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The 1860 Republican ticket was the first successful national ticket that did not feature a Southerner, and the election marked the end of Southern political dominance in the United States. Between 1789 and 1860, Southerners had been president for two-thirds of the era, and had held the offices of

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a compromise candidate for the national Democratic nomination at the reconvening convention in Baltimore, Seymour wrote a letter to the editor of his local newspaper declaring unreservedly that he was not a candidate for either spot on the ticket. After two ballots - the 59th ballot overall - the

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Another bloc of Southerners resented Northern criticism of slavery and restrictions on slavery but opposed secession as dangerous and unnecessary. However, the "conditional Unionists" also hoped that when faced with secession, Northerners would stifle anti-slavery rhetoric and accept pro-slavery

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The split in the Democratic party is sometimes held responsible for Lincoln's victory even though Lincoln won the election with less than 40% of the popular vote, as much of the anti-Republican vote was "wasted" in Southern states in which no ballots for Lincoln were circulated. Lincoln also won

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After the Civil War begun, Douglas then threw his support behind Lincoln and undertook a tour to bolster support for the Union, making visits to Virginia, Ohio and Illinois. Douglas declared "There are no neutrals, only patriots and traitors". However, three months after Lincoln's inauguration,

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in free states, but the majority of this support went to Lincoln. Thus, except for running mate Everett's home state of Massachusetts, and California, Bell received even less support in the free states than did Breckinridge, and consequently came in last in the national popular vote, at 12.62%.

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Like Lincoln, Breckinridge and Bell won no electoral votes outside of their respective sections. While Bell retired to his family business, quietly supporting his state's secession, Breckinridge served as a Confederate general. He finished second in the Electoral College with 72 votes, carrying

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A Constitutional Union campaign poster, 1860, portraying John Bell and Edward Everett, respectively the candidates for president and vice president. Once Lincoln was inaugurated and called up the militia, Bell supported the secession of Tennessee. In 1863, Everett dedicated the new cemetery at

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in March. While Lincoln received no votes in 10 Southern states, this was not due to him being removed from the ballot in those states but rather because of the Republican Party's absence in those states. The American Civil War began less than two months after Lincoln's inauguration, with the

3124:. He took nine of the eleven states that eventually joined, plus the border slave states of Delaware and Maryland, losing only Virginia and Tennessee. Breckinridge received very little support in the free states, showing some strength only in California, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Connecticut. 3076:

Since 1860, and excluding unreconstructed Southern states in 1868 and 1872, there have been two occasions where a Republican presidential candidate failed to poll votes in every state, while national Democratic candidates have failed to appear on all state ballots in three elections since the

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The first round of voting predictably produced a lead for Seward, but not a majority, with Lincoln in second place. The second round eliminated most of the minor contenders, with voters switching mostly to Seward or Lincoln. The convention remained deadlocked, however, and skillful political

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convention would happen in Chicago, which would be inherently friendly to the Illinois-based Lincoln. He also made sure that the Illinois delegation would vote as a bloc for him. Lincoln did not attend the convention in person and left the task of delegate wrangling to several close friends.

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in 1848 and nearly all of what remained of it joined the Republicans in 1854. The remaining party was also called the Radical Abolitionists. A convention of one hundred delegates was held in Convention Hall, Syracuse, New York, on August 29, 1860. Delegates were in attendance from New York,

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Results by county, with darker shades indicating larger percentages for the winning candidate. Red is for Lincoln (Republican), blue is for Douglas (Northern Democratic), green is for Breckinridge (Southern Democratic), yellow is for Bell (Constitutional Union), and purple is for "Fusion"

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eleven of fifteen slave states (including South Carolina, whose electors were chosen by the state legislature, not popular vote). Breckinridge stood a distant third in national popular vote at eighteen percent, but accrued 50 to 75 percent in the first seven states that would form the

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This vote is listed under the Fusion column, not the Breckinridge column as many other sources do, because this ticket was pledged to either of two candidates based on the national result. Additionally, the slate was almost equally divided between the supporters of Breckinridge and

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Lincoln's victory and imminent inauguration as president was the immediate cause for declarations of secession by seven Southern states (South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas) from 20 December 1860 to 1 February 1861. They then formed the

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The Republican National Convention met in mid-May 1860 after the Democrats had been forced to adjourn their convention in Charleston. With the Democrats in disarray and a sweep of the Northern states possible, the Republicans felt confident going into their convention in

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Bertram Wyatt-Brown argues that secessionists desired independence as necessary for their honor. They could no longer tolerate Northern state attitudes that regarded slave ownership as a great sin and Northern politicians who insisted on stopping the spread of slavery.

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from Illinois for president. The election would now pit Lincoln against his longtime political rival, whom Lincoln had lost to in the Illinois senate race just two years earlier. That two candidates were from Illinois showed the importance of the West in the election.

1698:", was ahead on the first ballot, but was 56½ votes short of securing the nomination. On the 57th ballot, with Douglas still ahead, but 51½ votes short of the nomination, the exhausted and desperate delegates agreed on May 3 to cease voting and adjourn the convention. 3092:, on expanding on the states Frémont won four years earlier: New York was critical with 35 Electoral College votes, 11.5 percent of the total, and with Pennsylvania (27) and Ohio (23) as well, a candidate could collect 85 votes, whereas 152 were required to win. The 1153:

and had represented Illinois in the House of Representatives. Lincoln had been quietly eyeing a run since the debates, ensuring that they were widely published and that a biography of himself was published. He gained great notability with his acclaimed February 1860

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In the four slave states that did not secede (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware), Lincoln came in fourth in every state except Delaware (where he finished third). Within the fifteen slave states, Lincoln won only two counties out of 996, Missouri's

6830:"Deep South" here in presidential popular votes refers to Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. It excludes South Carolina from the calculation, because in 1860 it chose presidential electors in the state legislature, without a popular vote. 459: 457: 2878:

suggested to Lincoln that he assume the powers of a commander-in-chief before inauguration. However, historian Bruce Chadwick observes that Lincoln and his advisors ignored the widespread alarms and threats of secession as mere election trickery.

456: 7610:"POLITICAL MOVEMENTS.; THE HOUSTON MASS MEETING. Large Gathering of the People in Union-Square--Washington statue Illuminated. The Hero of San Jacinto Nominated for the Presidency. Speeches, Address, Resolutions, Music, Fireworks, Guns, and Fun" 706:. The 1860 election was the first of six consecutive Republican victories. Despite Lincoln's commanding victory, this was the first election in American history in which the winner has failed to win his home county, with Lincoln narrowly losing 2028:

Yancey and some (less than half) of the bolters - almost entirely from the Lower South - met on June 28 in Richmond, along with the South Carolina and Florida delegations, at a convention that affirmed the nominations of Breckinridge and Lane.

1705:, on June 18, 110 Southern delegates (led by "Fire-Eaters") boycotted the convention or walked out after the convention informed them they would not adopt a resolution supporting extending slavery into territories whose voters did not want it. 455: 2936:

counties. In the 1856 election, the Republican candidate for president had received no votes at all in twelve of the fourteen slave states with a popular vote (these being the same states as in the 1860 election, plus Missouri and Virginia).

454: 6662:, speaking at New York's Cooper Institute in October 1860, asserted that with abolitionists in power, "Emissaries will percolate between master slave as water between the crevices of rocks underground. They will be found everywhere, with 11730: 452: 2882:

Indeed, voting in the South was not as monolithic as the Electoral College map would make it seem. Economically, culturally, and politically, the South was made up of three regions. In the states of the Upper South, also known as the

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who were unwilling to join either the Republicans or the Democrats. The new party's members hoped to stave off Southern secession by avoiding the slavery issue. They met in the Eastside District Courthouse of Baltimore and nominated

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and the Alabama delegation: following them were the entire delegations of Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina and Texas, three of the four delegates from Arkansas, and one of the three delegates from Delaware.

458: 12236: 11725: 10165: 11735: 11720: 11715: 9927: 10141: 7270:"Proceedings of the Republican national convention held at Chicago, May 16, 17 and 18, 1860 by Republican National Convention (2nd : 1860 : Chicago, Ill.): Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming: Internet Archive" 1194:. While the Seward forces were disappointed at the nomination of a little-known western upstart, they rallied behind Lincoln, while abolitionists were angry at the selection of a moderate and had little faith in Lincoln. 6942:

in a vote of the House of Representatives, won 30.92% of the popular vote, or 10.44% less than that of Andrew Jackson. Lincoln's share of the popular vote in 1860 represents the lowest share received by any popular vote

950: 9947: 2903:, a region which had long felt alienated from Richmond, was economically and culturally linked to its neighbors Ohio and Pennsylvania and would become the key driver in the successful effort to form a separate state. 7231:

ad he not triumphed before the sophisticated and demanding audience he faced at New York's Cooper Union on February 27, 1860, Lincoln would likely never have been nominated, much less elected, to the presidency that

2449:, had sent a letter in which he stated that his health had been so poor that he had not been able to be away from home since 1858. Nonetheless, he remained popular in the party because he had helped inspire some of 644:

in Chicago nominated Abraham Lincoln, a former one-term Whig Representative from Illinois. Its platform promised not to interfere with slavery in the South but opposed extension of slavery into the territories. The

561:. This marked the first time that a Republican was elected president. It was also the first presidential election in which both major party candidates were registered in the same home state; the others have been in 2467:

In Ohio, Illinois, and Indiana, slates of presidential electors pledged to Smith and McFarland ran with the name of the Union Party. They received a total of 176 votes in the general election, 0.004% of the total.

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from Illinois, was lesser-known, and was not considered to have a good chance against Seward. Seward had been governor and senator of New York and was an able politician with a Whig background. Also running were

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was the last to secede. The Virginia convention and the reconvened Arkansas convention both declared secession, as did the legislatures of Tennessee and North Carolina; all four states joined the Confederacy.

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to put in our wells.") Less radical Southerners thought that with Northern antislavery dominance of the federal government, slavery would eventually be abolished, regardless of present constitutional limits.

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The building had been the First Presbyterian Meeting House (Two Towers Church) on Fayette Street, between Calvert and North Street, demolished before 1866 and occupied by the United States Courthouse.

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in regard to the nomination for the presidency. In spite of his professed ill health, Gerrit Smith was nominated for president and Samuel McFarland from Pennsylvania was nominated for vice president.

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When the convention seated two replacement delegations on June 18, they walked out again or boycotted the convention, accompanied by nearly all other Southern delegates and erstwhile Convention chair

10883: 10134: 9952: 8630:(8 volumes, Macmillan, 1947–1971), detailed scholarly coverage of every election, 1848 to 1864. See vol. 4 (1950) "The Emergence of Lincoln", vol. 2 "Prologue to Civil War 1857-1861", pp. 200-317 9932: 3837: 9570: 3825: 3813: 2032:

Besides the Democratic parties in the Southern states, the Breckinridge/Lane ticket was also supported by the Buchanan administration. Buchanan's own continued prestige in his home state of

6686:, which wiped out the possibility that the crisis could be resolved by compromise. Nearly all "conditional Unionists" joined the secessionists, including for example presidential candidate 3105:

has voted for a Republican presidential candidate in every election from 1860 on, which, as of 2024, makes it the longest Republican winning streak in presidential elections in the nation.

611:. Buchanan also adamantly promised not to seek re-election. From the mid-1850s, the anti-slavery Republican Party became a major political force, driven by Northern voter opposition to the 3077:

introduction of the secret ballot, though in all three, the Democratic candidate nonetheless won the presidency, but none of them were off the ballot in as many states as Lincoln in 1860.

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other candidates. In a similar divide between North and South electors, Breckenridge carried nine of the ten states that withheld Lincoln from the ballot, the exception being Tennessee.

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on February 18, 1861. Davis would later be elected permenant occupant of the position on February 22, 1862 and would stay in the position until the dissolution of the CSA on May 5, 1865

3849: 3081: 3064:, the only other election in which there were four major candidates, none of whom distributed ballots in every state). It should be further noted that, prior to the introduction of the 11789: 8851: 2856: 11763: 726:

The 1860 presidential election conventions were unusually tumultuous, due in particular to a split in the Democratic Party that led to both Northern and Southern party conventions.

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The election was held on Tuesday, November 6, 1860, and was noteworthy for the exaggerated sectionalism and voter enthusiasm in a country that was soon to dissolve into civil war.

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The party platform promised not to interfere with slavery in the states, but opposed slavery in the territories. The platform promised tariffs protecting industry and workers, a

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on February 18, 1861. He would be elected permanent occupant of the position on February 22, 1862 and would stay in the position until the dissolution of the CSA on May 5, 1865

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from Maine was nominated for vice president, defeating Clay. Hamlin was surprised by his nomination, saying he was "astonished" and that he "neither expected nor desired it."

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ensured that Breckinridge would be the principal Democratic candidate in that populous state. Breckinridge was the last sitting vice president nominated for president until

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Franson, Melissa. "Wide Awakes, Half Asleeps, Little Giants, and Bell Ringers: Political Partisanship in the Catskills of New York during the Elections of 1860 and 1862".

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This larger group met immediately in Baltimore's Institute Hall, with Cushing again presiding. They adopted the pro-slavery platform rejected at Charleston, and nominated

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The option of Lincoln was absent from 20.13% of ballots across ten states. He was available to only 79.87% of the voters that were available to the other candidates.

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had won re-election in 1832, all six subsequent presidents had only won one term, while the last four of those had won with a popular vote under 51 percent.

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The Civil War, 1861". American Military History. U.S. Army Center of Military History. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 3 July 2023.

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three states and Breckinridge swept the remaining 11. Lincoln's election motivated seven Southern states, all voting for Breckinridge, to secede before the

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36 to 40 percent in Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Georgia, and Florida. Bell himself had hoped that he would take over the former support of the extinct

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The Republican victory resulted from the concentration of votes in the free states, which together controlled a majority of the presidential electors.

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managers had printed and distributed thousands of fake convention admission tickets to Lincoln supporters to ensure and increase the crowd's support.

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Dubin, Michael J., United States Presidential Elections, 1788–1860: The Official Results by County and State, McFarland & Company, 2002, p. 188

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Dubin, Michael J., United States Presidential Elections, 1788–1860: The Official Results by County and State, McFarland & Company, 2002, p. 187

5478: 4606: 2446: 12644: 10852: 10709: 10634: 10619: 10594: 10579: 10554: 10512: 10482: 10346: 10324: 10304: 10293: 10282: 10174: 9828: 9803: 9708: 9648: 9628: 9623: 9588: 9578: 9263: 6755: 6730: 601: 542: 7076: 3049:. Unlike every preceding president-elect, Lincoln did not carry even one slave state; he instead carried all eighteen free states exclusively. 1253: 974: 12686: 11691: 11670: 11643: 11622: 11610: 10857: 10847: 10763: 10758: 10699: 10669: 10664: 10659: 10609: 10559: 10544: 10529: 10518: 10502: 10476: 10469: 10453: 10448: 10433: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10398: 10386: 10376: 10351: 10314: 10309: 10108: 10070: 9763: 9718: 9658: 9633: 9583: 6814: 6797: 2383:

administration. The party platform advocated compromise to save the Union with the slogan "The Union as it is, and the Constitution as it is."

1688: 1448: 8020:

Murrin, John M.; Johnson, Paul E.; McPherson, James M.; Fahs, Alice; Gerstle, Gary; Rosenberg, Emily S.; Rosenberg, Norman L. (January 2011).

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had originally been nominated to serve as Douglas' running mate; however, Fitzpatrick declined the nomination and Johnson was chosen instead.

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Chadwick, Bruce. "Lincoln for President: an unlikely candidate, an audacious strategy, and the victory no one saw coming" (2009) Ch. 10

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on June 11. When the Democrats reconvened in Baltimore, they rejoined (except South Carolina and Florida, who had stayed in Richmond).

1962: 634: 322: 17: 12935: 12206: 12019: 11426: 11381: 11311: 11220: 11054: 11039: 7536: 1242: 7756: 7627: 7520: 7475:

Heidler, p. 157. Baltimore's Institute Hall, not be confused with Charleston's Institute Hall also used by the walk-out delegations.

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Simpson, John Eddins. “Howell Cobb’s Bid for the Presidency in 1860.” The Georgia Historical Quarterly 55, no. 1 (1971): 102–13.

1863: 1595: 1495: 1478: 6952:

4 of the electors pledged to Lincoln were elected since the Breckinridge and Bell electors finished behind all other candidates.

1935: 903: 718:, has voted Republican ever since, marking the beginning of the longest active voting streak for any party at the county level. 13192: 12890: 12681: 12676: 12452: 12093: 11406: 11341: 11326: 11247: 11111: 11064: 10934: 2414: 981: 885: 802: 8227: 673:, open to slavery. With President Buchanan's support, Southern Democrats held their own convention, nominating Vice President 13187: 12492: 12343: 12302: 12076: 11665: 11431: 11396: 11386: 11361: 11336: 11285: 11024: 10989: 10979: 10954: 10939: 10929: 10918: 10907: 10897: 10892: 8795: 8767: 8671: 8614: 8558: 8513: 8490: 8476: 8393: 8361: 8338: 8305: 8281: 8143: 8114: 8029: 7886: 7304: 7253: 6740: 2738: 2454: 2407: 1471: 1040: 694: 553:

won a national popular plurality, a popular majority in the North where states had already abolished slavery, and a national

1882: 1541: 12525: 12502: 11453: 11448: 11411: 11371: 11351: 11346: 11306: 11291: 11252: 11205: 11200: 11161: 11151: 11081: 11069: 11044: 11034: 11019: 11014: 10994: 10974: 10959: 9123: 9044: 6735: 2541: 2053: 1743: 1620: 1307: 831: 682: 7714: 7671: 7538:

Proceedings of the Convention of Radical Political Abolitionists, held at Syracuse, N. Y., June 26th, 27th, and 28th, 1855

3056:

Lincoln was, therefore, the second President-elect to poll no votes in some states that had a popular vote (the first was

2252: 12925: 12905: 12515: 12510: 12467: 12272: 11501: 11496: 11481: 11443: 11401: 11356: 11321: 11316: 11267: 11166: 11146: 11131: 11101: 11096: 11029: 11004: 10999: 10949: 9861: 9249: 9171: 8885: 8782: 8661: 6877:

or California because the South Dakotan and Californian branches of the Republican Party nominated Progressive candidate

6695: 2900: 2431: 2015: 1869: 1810: 1656: 1482: 1105: 735: 646: 641: 538: 171: 3041:

Lincoln won the Electoral College with less than 40 percent of the popular vote nationwide by carrying states above the

1017: 12960: 12859: 12822: 12395: 12277: 11680: 11655: 11594: 11572: 11562: 11538: 11517: 11507: 11491: 11466: 11459: 11366: 11272: 11235: 11225: 11210: 11190: 11177: 11141: 11136: 11126: 11106: 11086: 10035: 9851: 9838: 7654: 7445: 7373: 6704: 6700: 2884: 2664: 1589: 926: 2439:

Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Kentucky, and Massachusetts. Several of the delegates were women.

2300: 1728:

After the convention concluded with no vice presidential nominee, Douglas offered the vice presidential nomination to

1267: 998: 12950: 12910: 12885: 12740: 12435: 12287: 12132: 11512: 11486: 11471: 11421: 11416: 11391: 11376: 11331: 11278: 11241: 11195: 11156: 11116: 11091: 11075: 11059: 11009: 10964: 10944: 8588: 8455: 8211: 8169: 7593: 7385: 7217: 7178: 6616: 6612: 6492: 3098: 2727: 2569: 2182: 1293: 558: 554: 79: 12147: 12840: 12718: 12598: 12552: 12226: 11215: 11171: 10969: 9117: 9062: 8879: 8820: 8687:

History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 to the Final Restoration of Home Rule at the South in 1877

6687: 3920: 3344: 3295: 3258: 3215: 2702: 2376: 2346: 2193: 2064: 686: 520: 505: 327: 305: 166: 2505:. On April 20, 1860, the party held what it termed a national convention to nominate Houston for president on the 792: 12945: 12782: 12703: 12691: 12666: 12246: 12241: 9909: 8133: 1918: 1660: 1505: 482: 8092: 12807: 12745: 12713: 12364: 12042: 8008: 7926: 7906: 7438:

The Long Pursuit: Abraham Lincoln's Thirty-Year Struggle with Stephen Douglas for the Heart and Soul of America

6989:

The slate of electors were pledged to 3 different candidates: 18 to Douglas, 10 to Bell, and 7 to Breckinridge.

6858: 3874: 2461: 1231: 117: 10119: 13207: 12649: 12445: 12063: 12012: 8829: 8497: 7490: 6818: 6801: 6623: 6516: 6480: 3121: 2904: 2733: 11987: 6658:

that abolitionist agents would infiltrate the South and foment slave insurrections. (The noted secessionist

1120:, which further weakened his position. He had also been abandoned by his longtime friend and political ally 13095: 12797: 12754: 12636: 12400: 10912: 10020: 9969: 9856: 8422:

Thomas E. Rodgers, "Saving the Republic: Turnout, Ideology, and Republicanism in the Election of 1860", in

6362: 2768: 2145: 1631:, in April 1860, 50 Southern Democrats walked out over a platform dispute, led by the extreme pro-slavery " 1387: 670: 585: 12730: 12572: 12462: 12405: 12358: 12292: 12189: 11753: 8685: 3150: 2871: 2649: 1150: 584:

The United States had become increasingly sectionally divided during the 1850s, primarily over extending

8631: 8078: 13155: 12211: 11774: 10045: 9149: 8505: 6504: 6427: 3888: 3129: 3102: 2933: 2929: 2629: 2594: 2350: 2341: 1628: 1616: 1329: 711: 650: 626: 357: 12142: 8297:

Lincoln for President: An Unlikely Candidate, An Audacious Strategy, and the Victory No One Saw Coming

7647:

Lincoln for President: An Unlikely Candidate, An Audacious Strategy, and the Victory No One Saw Coming

685:, which hoped to avoid the slavery issue entirely, nominated a ticket led by former Tennessee Senator 13053: 12735: 12385: 12380: 12137: 7072: 6557: 6350: 2708: 2692: 2450: 1992:

Maryland Institute Hall, Baltimore. The bolting delegates nominated Breckinridge before Richmond vote

1518: 1183: 707: 589: 7899:

Selling America : Immigration Promotion and the Settlement of the American Continent, 1607-1914

6970:

The Fusion vote used here is the vote for the high elector on the slate, who was pledged to Douglas.

3112:

In the states of New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey where anti-Lincoln votes were combined into

13197: 13143: 12930: 12852: 12282: 12152: 12005: 9092: 8606: 6545: 2756: 2669: 2644: 2609: 2584: 2479: 2287: 2206: 12251: 7823: 6644:

Arkansas convened a secession convention, which voted against secession and adjourned temporarily.

6641:

Missouri convened a secession convention, which voted against secession and adjourned permanently.

13005: 12487: 8811: 8724:

Arguing Until Doomsday: Stephen Douglas, Jefferson Davis, and the Struggle for American Democracy

8717: 8352:

Year of Meteors: Stephen Douglas, Abraham Lincoln, and the Election That Brought on the Civil War

7701: 7566: 7414: 6581: 6451: 6415: 2634: 2364: 1220: 1186:. There was no mention of Mormonism (which had been condemned in the Party's 1856 platform), the 783: 612: 12118: 8485:

Grinspan, Jon, "'Young Men for War': The Wide Awakes and Lincoln's 1860 Presidential Campaign,"

8431:

Gabrial, B. "The Democrats Divide: Newspaper Coverage of the 1860 Presidential Conventions." in

7320: 6647:

Virginia convened a secession convention, which voted against secession but remained in session.

12792: 12616: 12457: 8700:

History of the United States from the Compromise of 1859 to the McKinley-Bryan Campaign of 1896

8644: 7377: 6659: 6569: 3462: 2797: 2790: 2589: 2368: 1636: 1134:

Radical Republicans. But what he offered in policy he lacked in charisma and political acumen.

637:, which sought to avoid disunion by resolving divisions over slavery with some new compromise. 617: 605: 8800: 8466: 8319: 8295: 8199: 8157: 7209: 7203: 2457:. In his letter, Smith donated $ 50 to pay for the printing of ballots in the various states. 1355: 557:

majority comprising only Northern electoral votes. Lincoln's election thus served as the main

13089: 13047: 13023: 12940: 12880: 12671: 7942: 7700:

Freehling, William W., The Road to Disunion: Volume II. Secessionists Triumphant, 1854–1861,

6593: 6528: 6439: 3442: 3088:

Lincoln's strategy was deliberately focused, in collaboration with Republican Party Chairman

3046: 2823: 2778: 2697: 2659: 1179: 699: 7809:"Table 397. Participation in Elections for President and U.S. Representatives: 1932 to 2010" 6980:

pledged to Lincoln. The Breckinridge and Bell electors finished behind all other candidates.

3149:

during much of that time. Moreover, since 1791, Southerners had comprised a majority of the

2360:

was nominated for vice president at the convention on May 9, 1860, one week before Lincoln.

12999: 12482: 9102: 8997: 8636: 8439: 8326: 8228:

https://web.archive.org/web/20161021171757/http://www.history.army.mil/books/AMH/AMH-09.htm

7463: 6784: 6463: 6398: 3896: 3370: 3252: 3042: 2912: 2762: 2715: 2619: 2579: 2307: 2283: 2259: 2235: 2189: 2129: 2116: 2018: 1968: 1941: 1913: 1889: 1873: 1819: 1754: 1722: 1604: 1571: 1548: 1524: 1501: 1454: 1374: 1047: 1023: 932: 909: 816: 674: 154: 8386:

Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War

7542: 8: 13017: 12993: 12585: 12566: 12542: 12297: 12113: 10055: 9979: 9974: 9964: 9889: 9176: 9166: 9023: 8805: 7586:

United States Presidential Elections, 1788-1860: The Official Results by County and State

7517: 7404: 7269: 6870: 6386: 3866: 3364: 2574: 2564: 1894: 1729: 1702: 1668: 1552: 1391: 1191: 1155: 1117: 669:, alienated many radical pro-slavery Southern Democrats, who wanted the territories, and 654: 7466:, The Road to Disunion: Secessionists Triumphant, Vol.2. Oxford University, 2007, p. 321 7408: 702:; afterwards four further states seceded. Lincoln would go on to win re-election in the 13107: 13065: 13041: 12866: 12812: 12603: 12440: 12312: 12184: 12098: 9218: 9141: 9087: 8973: 8772: 8745: 8598: 8577: 8547: 8350: 8269: 7819: 7366: 6878: 6765: 6374: 3884: 3338: 3157: 3113: 2920: 2624: 2527: 2372: 2239: 1997: 1714: 1652: 1458: 1322: 1187: 658: 310: 7100:"Trump, Lincoln ballot comparison meme 'doesn't hold water,' experts say | Fact check" 1097: 290: 12987: 12920: 12873: 12772: 12579: 12560: 12201: 12103: 9989: 9984: 9894: 8953: 8943: 8755: 8695: 8681: 8667: 8610: 8584: 8554: 8509: 8472: 8451: 8444: 8389: 8357: 8334: 8301: 8277: 8207: 8165: 8139: 8110: 8025: 8004: 7922: 7902: 7882: 7650: 7589: 7441: 7381: 7300: 7249: 7213: 7184: 7174: 7028:

The Douglas ticket in Rhode Island was supported by Breckinridge and Bell supporters.

6935: 6850: 3057: 2485: 2212: 1787: 1149:

Into this mix came Lincoln. He was not unknown; he had gained prominence in the 1858

1138:

that alienated his supporters in the border states and Southern conservatives, while

1101: 1080: 1051: 913: 666: 132: 8314:

Decredico, Mary A. "Sectionalism and the Secession Crisis," in John B. Boles, ed.,

8240: 7049: 3485:

where the Electors were chosen by the state legislature rather than by popular vote.

3032: 2323: 1643: 13059: 12830: 12353: 12162: 10060: 10040: 7786: 6895: 2817: 2674: 2639: 2604: 2599: 2423: 2380: 2311: 1899: 1557: 1139: 1126: 1067: 956: 918: 98: 7778: 2399: 12767: 12477: 12428: 12216: 12081: 12028: 11748: 8938: 8911: 8903: 8824: 8789: 8657: 7865: 7524: 6999:

Thus 12 electoral candidates appeared on 2 tickets, Reading and Straight Douglas.

6862: 6627: 3912: 3908: 3235: 3209: 2721: 2435: 2008: 1972: 1709: 1684: 1611: 1172: 1159: 1092: 1084: 960: 889: 757: 750: 597: 550: 546: 516: 197: 148: 6653:

North Carolina held a referendum on having a secession convention, which failed.

559:

catalyst of the states that would become the Confederacy seceding from the Union

13129: 13122: 13083: 13029: 12982: 12974: 12847: 12760: 12593: 12370: 12196: 10149: 9181: 9070: 8375: 8291: 7485: 3924: 3482: 3321: 3026: 2875: 2614: 2502: 2357: 2292: 2263: 2071: 1672: 1575: 1407: 1121: 593: 501: 352: 8859: 8727: 8407: 6154: 13171: 13035: 12787: 12086: 9899: 9866: 9846: 8958: 8933: 8542: 3327: 3069: 3065: 3045:

and north of the Ohio River, plus the states of California and Oregon in the

3011: 2908: 2896: 2784: 2546: 2268: 2133: 2037: 2004: 1109: 1027: 936: 7410:

Pictorial history of the civil war in the United States of America, Volume 1

7188: 1996:

The delegates who walked out of the convention at Charleston reconvened in

13077: 12777: 12708: 12610: 12375: 12348: 12221: 12123: 11759:

List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections

8928: 8624: 8129: 8022:

Liberty Equality Power: A History of the American People, Volume I: To 1877

6650:

Tennessee held a referendum on having a secession convention, which failed.

6209: 3089: 2950: 2460:

There was quite a spirited contest between the friends of Gerrit Smith and

2442: 2418: 2337: 2033: 1680: 1676: 1403: 1364: 1143: 1088: 985: 942: 630: 8417: 8263:

The Lincoln Miracle: Inside the Republican Convention That Changed History

7848: 7776:

had a turnout of 81.8%, slightly higher than 1860. Between 1828 and 1928:

1725:

from Alabama was nominated for vice president, he refused the nomination.

13011: 12654: 10050: 9097: 9006: 8948: 7168: 6676: 3900: 3843:

Cartogram of Constitutional Union presidential election results by county

3278: 3093: 2501:

The People's Party was a loose association of the supporters of Governor

2489: 2353: 2216: 2022: 1977: 1945: 1761: 1664: 1632: 1599: 1528: 1008: 203: 11804: 8817: 7868:

had achieved a statistical majority in the popular vote (50.83 percent).

3831:

Cartogram of Southern Democratic presidential election results by county

3819:

Cartogram of Northern Democratic presidential election results by county

13071: 8707: 8549:

Lincoln at Cooper Union: The Speech That Made Abraham Lincoln President

8381: 7919:

The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004

7205:

Lincoln at Cooper Union: The Speech That Made Abraham Lincoln President

6745: 6663: 6194: 3037:(Non-Republican/Democratic Fusion). South Carolina had no popular vote. 2969: 2097: 1234: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1056: 275: 8536: 6711:

Douglas contracted typhoid fever and died in Chicago on June 3, 1861.

6637:

Several other states also considered declaring secession at the time:

6176: 3018:

up to that time, and the second-highest overall (exceeded only in the

1410:, the incumbent president in 1860, whose term expired on March 4, 1861 629:

as the major opposition to the Democrats. A group of former Whigs and

6165: 3792: 3306: 2198: 2120: 1581: 1182:

granting free farmland in the West to settlers, and the funding of a

608: 337: 6813:

Davis would later be elected for a one year provisional term as the

6188: 1209: 1197: 1142:

in the party opposed Bates because of his past association with the

667:

each territory's settlers to decide locally on the status of slavery

7816:

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2012

7057: 6199: 6182: 6170: 6160: 3855:

Cartogram of "Fusion" slate presidential election results by county

3768:

Map of Constitutional Union presidential election results by county

3349: 3263: 3220: 2988: 2316: 2244: 1923: 1510: 1487: 1463: 1378: 990: 895: 678: 342: 186: 181: 11997: 8024:(6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. p. 403. 3756:

Map of Southern Democratic presidential election results by county

3744:

Map of Northern Democratic presidential election results by county

3060:, who polled no ballots in the popular votes of two states in the 1701:

While the Democrats convened again at the Front Street Theater in

13101: 11764:

Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress

8065: 8063: 8061: 8059: 8049: 8047: 8045: 8043: 8041: 6204: 2106: 1076: 1063: 7368:

The Civil War Party System: The Case of Massachusetts, 1848–1876

1627:

At the Democratic National Convention held in Institute Hall in

541:, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1860. In a four-way contest, the 6476:

Counties with highest percentage of Constitutional Union vote:

3807:

Cartogram of Republican presidential election results by county

3284: 2400:

Liberty Party (Radical Abolitionists, Union) candidates gallery

1950: 1855: 1823: 1533: 8621:

along with Nevins, the most detailed narrative of the election

8056: 8038: 6796:

Davis would be elected for a one-year provisional term as the

6411:

Counties with highest percentage of Southern Democratic vote:

3780:

Map of "Fusion" slate presidential election results by county

3241: 2510: 2494: 2221: 1796: 820: 653:, without agreeing on a nominee, but a second convention in 10151:

Notable third-party performances in United States elections

8533:

The Election of 1860: "A Campaign Fraught with Consequences

8095:

North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources

7126:"Was Lincoln 'removed' from Southern presidential ballots?" 7050:"National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present" 6155:

States that flipped from Democratic to Constitutional Union

1083:

from New York was considered the front-runner, followed by

1032: 966: 8643:(1948), pp. 348–506, focused on the Democratic party 8019: 8001:

America at the Ballot Box: Elections and Political History

7541:, New York: Central Abolition Board, 1855, archived from 3732:

Map of Republican presidential election results by county

1988: 1839:

John C. Breckinridge, Vice President of the United States

1112:, who might be able to win if the convention deadlocked. 9248: 6721:

1860–61 United States House of Representatives elections

2047: 860:

John McLean, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court

8783:

Abraham Lincoln: Original Letters and Manuscripts, 1860

8446:

Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

2447:

1848 presidential nominee of the original Liberty Party

1735: 7628:"Letter from Sam Houston Withdrawing from the Canvass" 1845:

Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter, senator from Virginia

1694:

Douglas, a moderate on the slavery issue who favored "

1440: 1424:

Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter, senator from Virginia

1421:

James Guthrie, former treasury secretary from Kentucky

870: 7248:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 287. 6703:

stayed in the United States, but had an unrecognized

6541:

Counties with highest percentage of Democratic vote:

6346:

Counties with highest percentage of Republican vote:

3708:

Vector Map of presidential election results by county

2172:

William A. Graham, former senator from North Carolina

7779:"Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections: 1828–2008" 7325:

Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum

7173:. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 230–256. 845:

Abraham Lincoln, former representative from Illinois

9928:

elections in which the winner lost the popular vote

8107:

William Lowndes Yancey: The Coming of the Civil War

7588:. Jefferson: McFarland & Company. p. 159. 7459: 7457: 6177:

States that flipped from Know Nothing to Democratic

2386: 8768:1860 election: State-by-state Popular vote results 8576: 8546: 8443: 8349: 7561: 7559: 7489: 7365: 6300:States where the margin of victory was under 10%: 8464: 6253:States where the margin of victory was under 5%: 6220:States where the margin of victory was under 1%: 6189:States that flipped from Democratic to Republican 2395:Gerrit Smith, former representative from New York 2169:Edward Everett, former senator from Massachusetts 1842:Daniel S. Dickinson, former senator from New York 1430:Daniel S. Dickinson, former senator from New York 1198:Democratic (Northern Democratic) Party nomination 866:William L. Dayton, former senator from New Jersey 857:Edward Bates, former representative from Missouri 13169: 8104: 7478: 7454: 3447:Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections 2434:, after most of its membership left to join the 2363:John Bell was a former Whig who had opposed the 625:, the Republican Party had replaced the defunct 492: 8812:Presidential Election of 1860: A Resource Guide 8750:Porter, Kirk H. and Donald Bruce Johnson, eds. 8322:, on the historiography of Southern motivations 8290: 7556: 7130:Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum 6731:American election campaigns in the 19th century 417: 7399: 7397: 3720:Map of presidential election results by county 2175:William C. Rives, former senator from Virginia 1675:from Tennessee, while three other candidates, 12013: 11790: 10135: 9234: 8845: 8245:Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture 8135:The Growth of Southern Nationalism, 1848–1861 7849:"United States Presidential Election Results" 6761:History of the United States Republican Party 6756:History of the United States Democratic Party 6617:Presidency of James Buchanan § Secession 2911:and four were tallied in the coastal city of 2850: 7670:Hindley, Meredith (November–December 2010). 7663: 7246:These Truths: A History of the United States 6606: 3467:National Archives and Records Administration 2471: 1856:Southern Democratic Party candidates gallery 1436:Howell Cobb, treasury secretary from Georgia 7518:Getting the Message Out! Stephen A. Douglas 7394: 6309:(tipping point state for Lincoln's victory) 2516: 2336:was formed by remnants of both the defunct 27:19th quadrennial U.S. presidential election 12020: 12006: 11797: 11783: 10159:* Third party is endorsed by a major party 10142: 10128: 9241: 9227: 8852: 8838: 8714:Stephen Douglas: The Last Years, 1857–1861 7800: 7299:. W.W. Norton & Company. p. 140. 7070: 6857:because the state's Republicans supported 3795:of presidential election results by county 2895:border counties of what would soon become 2857: 2843: 1623:and December Secession Convention in 1860. 1243:"1860 United States presidential election" 10393:South Carolina 1954 (Democratic write-in) 8583:. Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press. 8579:Ethnic Voters and the Election of Lincoln 8197: 8155: 7911: 7413:. Poughkeepsie, NY: G.W. Childs. p. 7124:McWhirter, Christian (January 26, 2024). 7123: 7073:"Abraham Lincoln: Campaign and Elections" 2166:John J. Crittenden, senator from Kentucky 1851:Jefferson Davis, senator from Mississippi 1294:Learn how and when to remove this message 615:and the Supreme Court's 1857 decision in 13183:1860 United States presidential election 12624:When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd 12533:1860 United States presidential election 9943:electoral vote changes between elections 8866:1860 United States presidential election 7644: 7484: 7357: 6751:History of the United States (1849–1865) 6059: 5996: 5933: 5870: 5838: 5811: 5779: 5752: 5747: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5629: 5584: 5521: 5458: 5426: 5387: 5379: 5371: 5323: 5315: 5307: 5271: 5208: 5145: 5113: 5086: 5023: 4960: 4897: 4834: 4771: 4739: 4712: 4649: 4586: 4523: 4460: 4428: 4401: 4369: 4342: 4279: 4216: 4153: 4121: 4094: 4056: 3967: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3463:"Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996" 3031: 2322: 2160:John Bell, former senator from Tennessee 1987: 1642: 1615:The South Carolina Institute located in 1610: 1402: 1062: 851:Simon Cameron, senator from Pennsylvania 729: 716:2020 United States presidential election 704:1864 United States presidential election 535:1860 United States presidential election 33:1860 United States presidential election 9053: 8200:"Sectionalism and the Secession Crisis" 8158:"Sectionalism and the Secession Crisis" 8093:Secession Vote and Realigned Allegiance 7999:Davies, Gareth and Zelizer, Julian E.; 7766: 7736:"Election of 1860 – 'Read Your Ballot'" 7669: 7567:"RADICAL ABOLITION NATIONAL CONVENTION" 7403: 7071:Burlingame, Michael (October 4, 2016). 6684:called for troops to put down rebellion 3694: 3689: 3082:second-lowest share of the popular vote 2371:. Edward Everett had been president of 2059:1860 Constitutional Union Party ticket 2007:, a New Englander and former member of 661:. Douglas's support for the concept of 14: 13170: 12821: 12453:Lincoln Trail Homestead State Memorial 8818:Election of 1860 in Counting the Votes 8694: 8680: 8574: 8206:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 240. 8164:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 243. 7993: 7435: 7243: 7201: 7166: 6726:1860–61 United States Senate elections 1749:1860 Southern Democratic Party ticket 1433:Andrew Johnson, senator from Tennessee 1418:Stephen Douglas, senator from Illinois 469:denotes states won by Lincoln/Hamlin, 12493:Lincoln Log Cabin State Historic Site 12109:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers 12001: 11778: 10331:California 1946 (Republican write-in) 10123: 9222: 8833: 8247:, 2009. Retrieved: October 10, 2012. 8233: 7583: 7294: 6881:as the official Republican candidate. 6741:First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln 2829:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers 2430:By 1860, very little remained of the 2048:Constitutional Union Party nomination 848:William Seward, senator from New York 481:by Douglas/Johnson. Numbers indicate 12511:Republican National Convention, 1856 9250:United States presidential elections 8801:Report on 1860 Republican convention 8641:The Disruption of American Democracy 8522: 7645:Chadwick, Bruce (November 1, 2010). 7363: 7321:"Republican National Platform, 1860" 7162: 7160: 7158: 7156: 7154: 7152: 7150: 7148: 7146: 6961:The 3 Douglas electors were elected. 6736:Electoral history of Abraham Lincoln 6632:elected president of the Confederacy 6341: 3443:"1860 Presidential Election Results" 2054:1860 Constitutional Union Convention 1744:1860 Democratic National Conventions 1736:Southern Democratic Party nomination 1308:1860 Democratic National Conventions 1232:adding citations to reliable sources 1203: 683:1860 Constitutional Union Convention 12027: 9862:South Carolina presidential primary 8752:National Party Platforms, 1840-1964 8653:. Louisiana State University Press. 8435:(Routledge. 2019) pp. 201–211. 7440:. HarperCollins. pp. 150–152. 7426:. Bolters met at St. Andrew's Hall. 7202:Holzer, Harold (November 7, 2006). 3860: 2924:county ran a voter the same risk). 2445:, a prominent abolitionist and the 1811:Vice President of the United States 1689:president of the Confederate States 1441:Democratic Party candidates gallery 1070:, site of the Republican Convention 871:Republican Party candidates gallery 736:1860 Republican National Convention 647:1860 Democratic National Convention 642:1860 Republican National Convention 465:Presidential Election results map. 24: 12861:Abraham Lincoln: The Head of State 11527:Territorial Governors (since 1970) 9938:Electoral College results by state 9852:New Hampshire presidential primary 8734: 8450:. New York: Simon & Schuster. 8254: 8186:Yankee Saints and Southern Sinners 7374:University of North Carolina Press 7079:from the original on April 2, 2017 6280:North Carolina 3.85% (3,717 votes) 2739:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry 2595:End of slavery in British colonies 2349:from Tennessee for president over 2144: 2105: 2096: 1795: 1786: 1363: 1354: 791: 782: 710:to Douglas. However, he would win 413: 25: 13219: 13178:Origins of the American Civil War 12741:Association of Lincoln Presenters 12180:13th Amendment abolishing slavery 10721:Alaska 2010 (Republican write-in) 10075:Vice presidential confirmations: 8806:Abraham Lincoln: A Resource Guide 8761: 8525:The Political Crisis of the 1850s 8424:The Election of 1860 Reconsidered 8414:The Election of 1860 Reconsidered 8372:The Presidential Campaign of 1860 8316:A Companion to the American South 8204:A Companion to the American South 8162:A Companion to the American South 7897:Ziegler-McPherson, Christina A.; 7143: 7097: 6613:Origins of the American Civil War 6494:Montgomery County, North Carolina 3481:The popular vote figures exclude 2728:The Impending Crisis of the South 2570:Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions 2156:Constitutional Union candidates: 854:Salmon P. Chase, governor of Ohio 83:152 electoral votes needed to win 13149: 13138: 13137: 12719:Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins 12242:State of the Union Address, 1863 11986: 8502:Lincoln's Rise to the Presidency 8468:Lincoln and the Election of 1860 8333:. New York: Simon and Schuster. 7208:. Simon & Schuster. p. 3848: 3836: 3824: 3812: 3800: 3785: 3773: 3761: 3749: 3737: 3725: 3713: 3701: 3440: 3156: 2987: 2968: 2949: 2478: 2406: 2387:Liberty (Union) Party nomination 2299: 2275: 2251: 2228: 2205: 2181: 2025:from Oregon for vice president. 1961: 1934: 1906: 1881: 1862: 1848:Joseph Lane, senator from Oregon 1835:Southern Democratic candidates: 1588: 1564: 1540: 1517: 1494: 1470: 1447: 1427:Joseph Lane, senator from Oregon 1414:Northern Democratic candidates: 1208: 1190:, personal liberty laws, or the 1039: 1016: 997: 973: 949: 925: 902: 877: 863:Benjamin Wade, senator from Ohio 289: 274: 131: 116: 93: 92: 39: 13150: 12704:Illinois Centennial half dollar 12645:Presidential Library and Museum 12321:Second inaugural address (1865) 11807:1860 U.S. presidential election 8663:The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861 8268: 8220: 8191: 8178: 8149: 8123: 8098: 8086: 8072: 8013: 7980: 7975:The impending crisis, 1848–1861 7967: 7949: 7931: 7891: 7871: 7841: 7783:The American Presidency Project 7757:"Results by county in Virginia" 7749: 7728: 7707: 7694: 7638: 7620: 7602: 7577: 7529: 7511: 7502: 7469: 7429: 7348: 7339: 7313: 7288: 7022: 7012: 7002: 6992: 6983: 6973: 6964: 6955: 6946: 6929: 6884: 6843: 6833: 6824: 6807: 6790: 6215: 3871:Presidential ballots, 1836–1892 3147:President pro tem of the Senate 2356:of Texas on the second ballot. 1661:Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter 1647:Douglas/Johnson campaign poster 1219:needs additional citations for 1124:, publisher of the influential 12808:Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln 12365:Hurd v. Rock Island Bridge Co. 12308:First inaugural address (1861) 12293:Lincoln–Douglas debates (1858) 12043:President of the United States 9885:List of nominating conventions 8742:A Guide to Political Platforms 8416:. Kent State University Press 8412:Fuller, A. James, ed. (2013). 7262: 7237: 7195: 7167:Donald, David Herbert (1995). 7117: 7091: 7064: 7054:United States Election Project 7042: 6926:were on the ballot in Alabama. 6778: 6287:New Jersey 3.74% (4,523 votes) 3875:Johns Hopkins University Press 2163:Sam Houston, governor of Texas 1713:remaining Democrats nominated 1621:Democratic National Convention 721: 13: 1: 13193:Presidency of Abraham Lincoln 12473:Cottage at the Soldier's Home 12446:Little Pigeon Creek Community 11692:Northern Mariana Islands 2022 11671:Northern Mariana Islands 2018 11644:Northern Mariana Islands 2014 11623:Northern Mariana Islands 2009 11611:Northern Mariana Islands 2005 11600:Northern Mariana Islands 2001 8792:Shapell Manuscript Foundation 8773:1860 popular vote by counties 8649:Parks, Joseph Howard (1950). 8575:Luebke, Frederick C. (1971). 8567:Johannsen, Robert W. (1973). 7491:"How (And Where) Lincoln Won" 7035: 6849:In 1892, incumbent President 6819:Confederate States of America 6802:Confederate States of America 6624:Confederate States of America 6518:Camden County, North Carolina 6482:Stanly County, North Carolina 6335:Kentucky 8.83% (12,915 votes) 6306:New York 7.42% (50,136 votes) 6294:Louisiana 4.90% (2,477 votes) 6273:Illinois 3.52% (11,956 votes) 6266:Tennessee 3.17% (4,631 votes) 3122:Confederate States of America 3068:in the 1880s, the concept of 1687:from Mississippi (the future 1651:Six candidates were running: 657:, nominated Illinois Senator 13188:Presidency of James Buchanan 13096:Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith 12803:Lincoln–Kennedy coincidences 12798:Lincoln Trail State Memorial 12227:National Academy of Sciences 9970:Certificate of ascertainment 9857:Nevada presidential caucuses 8814:from the Library of Congress 8808:from the Library of Congress 8796:Lincoln's election – details 8438: 8347: 7806:Data between 1932 and 2008: 7672:"The Man Who Came in Second" 7573:. October 1860. p. 352. 7295:Foner (September 26, 2011). 6364:Mille Lacs County, Minnesota 6328:Indiana 8.65% (23,524 votes) 6240:California 0.61% (734 votes) 4041: 4027: 4024: 4016: 4013: 4005: 4002: 3994: 3991: 3983: 3980: 3972: 3197:Vice-presidential candidate 2703:Burning of Pennsylvania Hall 2665:Secession of Southern states 2391:Liberty (Union) candidates: 1732:from Georgia, who accepted. 1316:1860 Democratic Party ticket 744:1860 Republican Party ticket 7: 13203:Secession crisis of 1860–61 12731:Abraham Lincoln Association 12463:Lincoln-Berry General Store 12391:Political career, 1849–1861 12298:Cooper Union Address (1860) 12288:House Divided speech (1858) 12190:Department of the Northwest 11754:Third party (U.S. politics) 10016:Historical election polling 9118:Democratic Party (Northern) 8974:Democratic Party (Southern) 8656: 8597: 8541: 8496: 8487:Journal of American History 8388:. Oxford University Press. 8325: 8202:. In Boles, John B. (ed.). 8198:Decredico, Mary A. (2004). 8160:. In Boles, John B. (ed.). 8156:Decredico, Mary A. (2004). 7957:"New Jersey's Vote in 1860" 6714: 6321:Georgia 8.63% (9,216 votes) 3016:highest in American history 2698:Martyrdom of Elijah Lovejoy 2542:End of Atlantic slave trade 2021:for president, and Senator 1619:. The Institute hosted the 592:. The incumbent president, 10: 13224: 12148:Overland Campaign strategy 10046:Red states and blue states 9039:Constitutional Union Party 8603:The First Lincoln Campaign 8571:. Oxford University Press. 8506:University Press of Kansas 8465:Green, Michael S. (2011). 8380: 7988:The First Lincoln Campaign 7584:Dubin, Michael J. (2002). 7327:. CPRR.org. April 13, 2003 6940:1824 presidential election 6692:Constitutional Union Party 6610: 6506:Montgomery County, Georgia 6247:Maryland 0.79% (722 votes) 6233:Missouri 0.26% (429 votes) 6226:Virginia 0.09% (156 votes) 6147: 3103:Gasconade County, Missouri 2961:the Capitol, March 4, 1861 2940: 2785:Recapture of Anthony Burns 2655:1860 presidential election 2630:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 2334:Constitutional Union Party 2051: 1982:(declined to be nominated) 1955:(declined to be nominated) 1928:(declined to be nominated) 1741: 1629:Charleston, South Carolina 1314: 1305: 1087:from Ohio, and Missouri's 742: 733: 712:Gasconade County, Missouri 651:Charleston, South Carolina 635:Constitutional Union Party 18:1860 presidential election 13117: 13018:Mary Todd "Mamie" Lincoln 12973: 12941:Parliament Square, London 12736:Abraham Lincoln Institute 12633: 12551: 12501: 12414: 12381:Medical and mental health 12329: 12313:Gettysburg Address (1863, 12265: 12232:Department of Agriculture 12138:Emancipation Proclamation 12062: 12035: 11984: 11813: 11744: 11706: 11686:District of Columbia 2022 11661:District of Columbia 2018 11639:District of Columbia 2014 11629:District of Columbia 2010 11544:District of Columbia 1974 11526: 10882: 10270: 10164: 10157: 10094: 10003: 9948:electoral vote recipients 9933:Electoral College margins 9908: 9875: 9837: 9569: 9256: 9194: 9159: 9132: 9115: 9080: 9036: 9016: 8988: 8971: 8921: 8894: 8877: 8726:(UNC Press Books, 2020). 8523:Holt, Michael F. (1978). 8348:Egerton, Douglas (2010). 8276:. Pearson Education Ltd. 8105:Walther, Eric H. (2006). 7523:January 20, 2015, at the 6898:was not on the ballot in 6873:was not on the ballot in 6607:Trigger for the Civil War 6559:Hamilton County, Illinois 6352:Kanabec County, Minnesota 6314:Ohio 7.94% (34,388 votes) 3964: 3935: 3671: 3663: 3658: 3650: 3645: 3637: 3630: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3580: 3572: 3567: 3559: 3554: 3546: 3541: 3533: 3526: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3497: 3428: 3422: 3415: 3403: 3393: 3379: 3185: 3180: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3168: 2980:by Electoral College vote 2734:Oberlin–Wellington Rescue 2709:American Slavery As It Is 2472:People's Party nomination 2143: 1184:transcontinental railroad 830: 708:Sangamon County, Illinois 537:was the 19th quadrennial 497:President before election 490: 411: 261: 104: 87: 76: 49: 37: 13012:Thomas "Tad" Lincoln III 12854:Abraham Lincoln: The Man 12436:Lincoln Boyhood Memorial 12153:Hampton Roads Conference 11698:U.S. Virgin Islands 2022 11676:U.S. Virgin Islands 2018 11650:U.S. Virgin Islands 2014 11634:U.S. Virgin Islands 2010 11617:U.S. Virgin Islands 2006 11605:U.S. Virgin Islands 2002 11590:U.S. Virgin Islands 1998 11584:U.S. Virgin Islands 1994 11578:U.S. Virgin Islands 1990 11568:U.S. Virgin Islands 1986 11557:U.S. Virgin Islands 1978 11550:U.S. Virgin Islands 1974 11534:U.S. Virgin Islands 1970 8823:October 3, 2017, at the 8607:Harvard University Press 8553:. Simon & Schuster. 8265:. Atlantic Monthly Press 8082:Encyclopedia of Arkansas 7715:"Republican ballot 1860" 7436:Morris, Roy Jr. (2008). 6771: 6547:Johnson County, Illinois 6259:Oregon 1.83% (270 votes) 3919:States/districts won by 3907:States/districts won by 3895:States/districts won by 3883:States/districts won by 3459:Source (Electoral Vote): 2757:Trial of Reuben Crandall 2670:Peace Conference of 1861 2645:Caning of Charles Sumner 2517:Political considerations 596:, like his predecessor, 13086:(17th-century ancestor) 13006:William Wallace Lincoln 12488:Lincoln Pioneer Village 12303:Farewell Address (1861) 12212:Fanny McCullough letter 12143:West Virginia statehood 12133:Habeas Corpus suspended 10271:Senatorial (since 1940) 10109:Gubernatorial elections 8778:Electoral Map from 1860 8433:In The Antebellum Press 8406:102.1 (2021): 149–171. 8261:Achorn, Edward (2023). 7702:Oxford University Press 6583:Saline County, Illinois 6453:Manatee County, Florida 6417:Brevard County, Florida 3169:Presidential candidate 2650:Lincoln–Douglas debates 2507:San Jacinto Battlefield 1691:) also received votes. 1151:Lincoln–Douglas debates 841:Republican candidates: 621:. From the election of 12793:Lincoln Heritage Trail 12778:Lincoln Park (Chicago) 12677:Photographs of Lincoln 12617:O Captain! My Captain! 9953:popular votes received 9877:Nominating conventions 9839:Primaries and caucuses 8651:John Bell of Tennessee 8184:Wyatt-Brown, Bertram. 6924:Lyndon Johnson in 1964 6694:, whose home state of 6660:William Lowndes Yancey 6626:. On 9 February 1861, 6571:Palo Alto County, Iowa 3950:(Southern) Democratic 3945:(Northern) Democratic 3438:Source (Popular Vote): 3038: 2798:Virginia v. John Brown 2791:Dred Scott v. Sandford 2693:Nat Turner's Rebellion 2369:Lecompton Constitution 2329: 2149: 2110: 2101: 1993: 1800: 1791: 1708:While some considered 1648: 1637:William Lowndes Yancey 1624: 1411: 1368: 1359: 1071: 825:(1848–1857, 1857–1861) 796: 787: 618:Dred Scott v. Sandford 473:by Breckinridge/Lane, 462: 13092:(great-granddaughter) 13090:Mary Lincoln Beckwith 13048:Sarah Lincoln Grigsby 13024:Jessie Harlan Lincoln 12901:Hodgenville, Kentucky 12881:Emancipation Memorial 12339:Early life and career 12273:Lyceum address (1838) 12257:Judicial appointments 12202:National Banking Acts 12197:Homestead Act of 1862 11805:State results of the 8788:May 11, 2014, at the 8637:Nichols, Roy Franklin 8440:Goodwin, Doris Kearns 8370:Fite, Emerson David. 8327:Donald, David Herbert 7943:Catholic Encyclopedia 7917:Menendez, Albert J.; 7488:(November 10, 2010). 7464:Freehling, William W. 7244:Lepore, Jill (2018). 6853:failed to poll votes 6595:Pope County, Illinois 6530:Bandera County, Texas 6441:Hidalgo County, Texas 3955:Constitutional Union 3035: 2824:Battle of Fort Sumter 2779:Prigg v. Pennsylvania 2660:Crittenden Compromise 2455:Raid on Harpers Ferry 2326: 2148: 2109: 2100: 1991: 1799: 1790: 1646: 1614: 1406: 1367: 1358: 1066: 795: 786: 730:Republican nomination 700:Battle of Fort Sumter 539:presidential election 477:by Bell/Everett, and 461: 13208:November 1860 events 13000:Edward Baker Lincoln 12926:Louisville, Kentucky 12662:Artifacts and relics 12526:National Union Party 12483:Lincoln Sitting Room 12283:"Lost Speech" (1856) 12278:Peoria speech (1854) 12114:War based income tax 10036:Presidential debates 9958:popular-vote margins 9619:District of Columbia 9199:Other 1860 elections 8998:John C. Breckinridge 8740:Chester, Edward W. 8356:. Bloomsbury Press. 8300:. Sourcebooks, Inc. 8079:Secession Convention 7963:. December 26, 1892. 7634:. September 3, 1860. 7545:on September 5, 2018 7405:Lossing, Benson John 6920:Harry Truman in 1948 6785:Benjamin Fitzpatrick 6465:Zapata County, Texas 6429:Dade County, Florida 6400:Hancock County, Iowa 3962:(Democratic Fusion) 3695:Cartographic gallery 3690:Geography of results 3302:Constitutional Union 3253:John C. Breckinridge 3143:Speaker of the House 2763:Commonwealth v. Aves 2620:Nashville Convention 2610:Mexican–American War 2580:Nullification crisis 2019:John C. Breckinridge 1874:John C. Breckinridge 1756:John C. Breckinridge 1723:Benjamin Fitzpatrick 1228:improve this article 675:John C. Breckinridge 375:States carried 364:Electoral vote 323:Constitutional Union 223:States carried 210:Electoral vote 155:John C. Breckinridge 13080:(great-grandfather) 13036:Nancy Hanks Lincoln 12994:Robert Todd Lincoln 12956:U.S. Capitol statue 12906:Indianapolis relief 12783:Lincoln Park (D.C.) 12682:Cultural depictions 12586:Sic semper tyrannis 12567:Our American Cousin 12458:Lincoln's New Salem 12359:Boat lifting patent 12094:Second inauguration 12049:U.S. Representative 10737:South Carolina 2010 10056:Tipping-point state 10026:Major party tickets 9980:Contingent election 9975:Certificate of vote 9965:Electoral Count Act 9890:Brokered convention 9177:Robert M. T. Hunter 9167:Daniel S. Dickinson 9150:Herschel V. Johnson 9024:Daniel S. Dickinson 8628:Ordeal of the Union 8599:Luthin, Reinhard H. 8270:Carwardine, Richard 8146:, p. 391, 394, 396. 7853:uselectionatlas.org 7829:on October 24, 2012 7372:. Chapel Hill: The 7364:Baum, Dale (1984). 7354:Rhodes (1920) 2:429 7345:Rhodes (1920) 2:420 7098:Frank, BrieAnna J. 6871:William Howard Taft 6388:Grundy County, Iowa 3877:, 1955) pp 247–57. 3867:Walter Dean Burnham 3365:Herschel V. Johnson 3345:Northern Democratic 3259:Southern Democratic 3165: 3003:during the election 3000:Presence of slavery 2874:. Mexican War hero 2635:Kansas–Nebraska Act 2575:Missouri Compromise 2565:Northwest Ordinance 2530: 2365:Kansas–Nebraska Act 2060: 1919:Robert M. T. Hunter 1895:Daniel S. Dickinson 1750: 1730:Herschel V. Johnson 1703:Baltimore, Maryland 1696:popular sovereignty 1683:from Maryland, and 1671:from New York, and 1669:Daniel S. Dickinson 1553:Daniel S. Dickinson 1506:Robert M. T. Hunter 1392:Governor of Georgia 1331:Herschel V. Johnson 1192:Dred Scott decision 1156:Cooper Union speech 803:U.S. Representative 671:perhaps other lands 665:, which called for 663:popular sovereignty 655:Baltimore, Maryland 613:Kansas–Nebraska Act 485:cast by each state. 358:Herschel V. Johnson 172:Southern Democratic 78:303 members of the 34: 13066:Mary Lincoln Crume 13042:Sarah Bush Lincoln 12931:Newark, New Jersey 12868:Lincoln the Lawyer 12604:Lincoln catafalque 12543:1860 campaign song 12441:Lincoln State Park 12424:Lincoln Birthplace 12185:Dakota War of 1862 12077:First inauguration 11427:Massachusetts 2010 11382:Massachusetts 2006 11312:New Hampshire 2000 11221:West Virginia 1992 11055:New Hampshire 1972 11040:New Hampshire 1970 10650:Massachusetts 2002 10630:Massachusetts 2000 10362:New Hampshire 1950 10031:Major party losers 9571:Elections by state 9142:Stephen A. Douglas 9088:John J. Crittenden 8744:(1977), pp. 72–79 8722:Woods, Michael E. 8696:Rhodes, James Ford 8682:Rhodes, James Ford 8569:Stephen A. Douglas 8498:Harris, William C. 8239:Jonathan Atkins, " 7820:U.S. Census Bureau 7632:The New York Times 7614:The New York Times 7496:The New York Times 6879:Theodore Roosevelt 6766:Third Party System 6376:Emmet County, Iowa 3865:Source: Data from 3339:Stephen A. Douglas 3164:Electoral results 3163: 3039: 2959:of Abraham Lincoln 2901:northern panhandle 2625:Compromise of 1850 2528:American Civil War 2521: 2453:supporters at the 2377:Secretary of State 2373:Harvard University 2330: 2240:John J. Crittenden 2150: 2111: 2102: 2089:for Vice President 2058: 1998:Richmond, Virginia 1994: 1801: 1792: 1779:for Vice President 1748: 1715:Stephen A. Douglas 1679:from Connecticut, 1653:Stephen A. Douglas 1649: 1625: 1596:Treasury Secretary 1479:Treasury Secretary 1459:Stephen A. Douglas 1412: 1369: 1360: 1347:for Vice President 1324:Stephen A. Douglas 1188:Fugitive Slave Act 1072: 797: 788: 775:for Vice President 714:, which as of the 659:Stephen A. Douglas 463: 386:Popular vote 349:Running mate 311:Stephen A. Douglas 236:Popular vote 193:Running mate 32: 13165: 13164: 12988:Mary Todd Lincoln 12969: 12968: 12951:U.S. Capitol bust 12916:Lincoln, Nebraska 12875:Young Abe Lincoln 12813:White House ghost 12773:Lincoln, Nebraska 12580:John Wilkes Booth 12119:Seaports blockade 12104:Confiscation Acts 11995: 11994: 11772: 11771: 11708:State legislative 11477:Rhode Island 2014 11438:Rhode Island 2010 11302:Rhode Island 1998 11297:Pennsylvania 1998 11263:Rhode Island 1994 11258:Pennsylvania 1994 11122:Rhode Island 1978 10985:North Dakota 1960 10925:North Dakota 1944 10868:North Dakota 2022 10787:South Dakota 2014 10382:North Dakota 1952 10342:North Dakota 1946 10337:North Dakota 1946 10320:North Dakota 1944 10288:North Dakota 1940 10117: 10116: 9990:Unpledged elector 9985:Faithless elector 9910:Electoral College 9895:Convention bounce 9257:Elections by year 9216: 9215: 9190: 9189: 9111: 9110: 9093:William A. Graham 9032: 9031: 8967: 8966: 8954:William H. Seward 8944:William L. Dayton 8673:978-0-06-131929-7 8666:. HarperCollins. 8616:978-0-8446-1292-8 8605:. Cambridge, MA: 8560:978-0-7432-9964-0 8531:Holt, Michael F. 8515:978-0-7006-1520-9 8478:978-0-8093-8636-9 8395:978-0-19-509497-8 8363:978-1-59691-619-7 8340:978-0-684-82535-9 8307:978-1-4022-2858-2 8283:978-0-582-03279-8 8144:978-0-8071-0006-6 8116:978-0-7394-8030-4 8031:978-0-495-91587-4 7946:, vol, 15, p. 171 7887:978-1-4022-2504-8 7879:The Eleventh Hour 7571:Douglass' Monthly 7306:978-0-393-34066-2 7255:978-0-393-63524-9 6936:John Quincy Adams 6851:Benjamin Harrison 6342:County Statistics 6151: 6150: 3948:John Breckinridge 3930: 3929: 3682: 3681: 3676: 3675: 3591: 3590: 3585: 3584: 3435: 3434: 3099:Electoral College 3097:dominated in the 3058:John Quincy Adams 2867: 2866: 2716:Uncle Tom's Cabin 2523:Events leading to 2288:William A. Graham 2154: 2153: 2139: 2126: 1833: 1832: 1829: 1816: 1401: 1400: 1397: 1384: 1304: 1303: 1296: 1278: 1102:William L. Dayton 1081:William H. Seward 1052:William L. Dayton 1005:Associate Justice 914:William H. Seward 839: 838: 826: 813: 602:Northern Democrat 588:into the western 531: 530: 527: 526: 512:Elected President 407: 406: 80:Electoral College 72: 71: 16:(Redirected from 13215: 13153: 13152: 13141: 13140: 13130:Andrew Johnson → 13123:← James Buchanan 13098:(great-grandson) 13060:Mordecai Lincoln 12911:Laramie, Wyoming 12831:Lincoln Memorial 12819: 12818: 12714:Five-dollar bill 12354:Spot Resolutions 12207:Thanksgiving Day 12163:Ten percent plan 12158:Tour of Richmond 12022: 12015: 12008: 11999: 11998: 11990: 11799: 11792: 11785: 11776: 11775: 11681:Puerto Rico 2020 11656:Puerto Rico 2016 11595:Puerto Rico 2000 11573:Puerto Rico 1988 11563:Puerto Rico 1980 11539:Puerto Rico 1972 11231:Connecticut 1994 11185:Connecticut 1990 11050:Mississippi 1971 10903:Connecticut 1942 10676:Connecticut 2006 10655:Mississippi 2002 10540:Mississippi 1978 10464:Mississippi 1970 10459:Connecticut 1970 10424:Mississippi 1966 10144: 10137: 10130: 10121: 10120: 10104:Senate elections 10061:Election recount 10041:October surprise 10011:Campaign slogans 9913:and popular vote 9243: 9236: 9229: 9220: 9219: 9160:Other candidates 9148:Vice President: 9130: 9129: 9103:William C. Rives 9081:Other candidates 9069:Vice President: 9051: 9050: 9017:Other candidates 9005:Vice President: 8986: 8985: 8922:Other candidates 8910:Vice President: 8892: 8891: 8880:Republican Party 8854: 8847: 8840: 8831: 8830: 8756:online 1840-1956 8703: 8691: 8677: 8658:Potter, David M. 8620: 8594: 8582: 8564: 8552: 8528: 8519: 8482: 8461: 8449: 8404:New York History 8399: 8367: 8355: 8344: 8311: 8287: 8248: 8237: 8231: 8224: 8218: 8217: 8195: 8189: 8182: 8176: 8175: 8153: 8147: 8127: 8121: 8120: 8102: 8096: 8090: 8084: 8076: 8070: 8067: 8054: 8051: 8036: 8035: 8017: 8011: 7997: 7991: 7984: 7978: 7971: 7965: 7964: 7953: 7947: 7935: 7929: 7915: 7909: 7895: 7889: 7875: 7869: 7863: 7861: 7859: 7845: 7839: 7838: 7836: 7834: 7828: 7822:. Archived from 7813: 7804: 7798: 7797: 7795: 7793: 7787:UC Santa Barbara 7770: 7764: 7763: 7761: 7753: 7747: 7746: 7744: 7742: 7732: 7726: 7725: 7723: 7721: 7711: 7705: 7698: 7692: 7691: 7689: 7687: 7667: 7661: 7660: 7642: 7636: 7635: 7624: 7618: 7617: 7606: 7600: 7599: 7581: 7575: 7574: 7563: 7554: 7553: 7552: 7550: 7533: 7527: 7515: 7509: 7506: 7500: 7499: 7493: 7482: 7476: 7473: 7467: 7461: 7452: 7451: 7433: 7427: 7425: 7423: 7421: 7401: 7392: 7391: 7371: 7361: 7355: 7352: 7346: 7343: 7337: 7336: 7334: 7332: 7317: 7311: 7310: 7292: 7286: 7285: 7283: 7281: 7274:Internet Archive 7266: 7260: 7259: 7241: 7235: 7234: 7228: 7226: 7199: 7193: 7192: 7164: 7141: 7140: 7138: 7136: 7121: 7115: 7114: 7112: 7110: 7095: 7089: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7068: 7062: 7061: 7046: 7029: 7026: 7020: 7016: 7010: 7006: 7000: 6996: 6990: 6987: 6981: 6977: 6971: 6968: 6962: 6959: 6953: 6950: 6944: 6933: 6927: 6918:, while neither 6896:Grover Cleveland 6888: 6882: 6847: 6841: 6837: 6831: 6828: 6822: 6811: 6805: 6794: 6788: 6782: 6601: 6589: 6577: 6565: 6553: 6536: 6524: 6512: 6500: 6488: 6471: 6459: 6447: 6435: 6423: 6406: 6394: 6382: 6370: 6358: 6336: 6329: 6322: 6315: 6307: 6295: 6288: 6281: 6274: 6267: 6260: 6248: 6241: 6234: 6227: 4076: 4064: 3960:(Non-Republican) 3933: 3932: 3880: 3879: 3861:Results by state 3852: 3840: 3828: 3816: 3804: 3789: 3777: 3765: 3753: 3741: 3729: 3717: 3705: 3599: 3598: 3593: 3592: 3495: 3494: 3489: 3488: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3457: 3455: 3453: 3166: 3162: 3160: 3080:Lincoln won the 3062:election of 1824 3043:Mason–Dixon line 3020:election of 1876 2997: 2991: 2977:election results 2972: 2953: 2859: 2852: 2845: 2818:Star of the West 2675:Corwin Amendment 2640:Ostend Manifesto 2605:Texas annexation 2600:Texas Revolution 2531: 2520: 2482: 2410: 2381:Millard Fillmore 2312:William C. Rives 2303: 2279: 2255: 2232: 2209: 2185: 2137: 2124: 2074: 2067: 2061: 2057: 1965: 1938: 1910: 1885: 1866: 1827: 1814: 1764: 1757: 1751: 1747: 1592: 1568: 1544: 1521: 1498: 1474: 1451: 1395: 1382: 1332: 1325: 1312: 1311: 1299: 1292: 1288: 1285: 1279: 1277: 1236: 1212: 1204: 1140:German Americans 1127:New-York Tribune 1043: 1020: 1001: 977: 953: 929: 906: 881: 824: 811: 760: 753: 740: 739: 543:Republican Party 493: 480: 476: 472: 468: 416: 334:Home state 293: 278: 178:Home state 135: 120: 106: 105: 96: 95: 61:November 6, 1860 51: 50: 44: 43: 42: 35: 31: 21: 13223: 13222: 13218: 13217: 13216: 13214: 13213: 13212: 13198:Abraham Lincoln 13168: 13167: 13166: 13161: 13113: 13054:Abraham Lincoln 13026:(granddaughter) 13020:(granddaughter) 12965: 12961:Wabash, Indiana 12886:Brooklyn relief 12841:reflecting pool 12817: 12768:Lincoln Highway 12748:Abraham Lincoln 12635: 12629: 12547: 12497: 12478:Lincoln Bedroom 12429:Knob Creek Farm 12416: 12410: 12396:Religious views 12376:Lincoln's beard 12331: 12325: 12261: 12217:Birchard Letter 12082:Perpetual Union 12058: 12031: 12029:Abraham Lincoln 12026: 11996: 11991: 11982: 11809: 11803: 11773: 11768: 11749:Portal:Politics 11740: 11702: 11522: 11407:New Jersey 2009 11342:New Mexico 2002 11327:California 2002 11248:New Mexico 1994 11112:California 1978 11065:Washington 1972 10935:California 1946 10878: 10829:New Mexico 2018 10550:Washington 1982 10367:California 1952 10278:California 1940 10266: 10160: 10153: 10148: 10118: 10113: 10099:House elections 10090: 10071:Guam straw poll 9999: 9912: 9904: 9871: 9833: 9565: 9252: 9247: 9217: 9212: 9186: 9155: 9121: 9107: 9076: 9042: 9028: 9012: 8977: 8963: 8939:Salmon P. Chase 8917: 8912:Hannibal Hamlin 8904:Abraham Lincoln 8883: 8873: 8858: 8825:Wayback Machine 8790:Wayback Machine 8764: 8737: 8735:Primary sources 8732: 8690:. Vol. II. 8674: 8617: 8591: 8561: 8516: 8479: 8458: 8396: 8364: 8341: 8308: 8292:Chadwick, Bruce 8284: 8257: 8255:Further reading 8252: 8251: 8238: 8234: 8225: 8221: 8214: 8196: 8192: 8183: 8179: 8172: 8154: 8150: 8128: 8124: 8117: 8109:. p. 262. 8103: 8099: 8091: 8087: 8077: 8073: 8068: 8057: 8052: 8039: 8032: 8018: 8014: 7998: 7994: 7985: 7981: 7972: 7968: 7955: 7954: 7950: 7936: 7932: 7916: 7912: 7896: 7892: 7876: 7872: 7866:Franklin Pierce 7857: 7855: 7847: 7846: 7842: 7832: 7830: 7826: 7811: 7807: 7805: 7801: 7791: 7789: 7777: 7771: 7767: 7759: 7755: 7754: 7750: 7740: 7738: 7734: 7733: 7729: 7719: 7717: 7713: 7712: 7708: 7704:, 2004, p. 447. 7699: 7695: 7685: 7683: 7668: 7664: 7657: 7649:. Sourcebooks. 7643: 7639: 7626: 7625: 7621: 7616:. May 30, 1860. 7608: 7607: 7603: 7596: 7582: 7578: 7565: 7564: 7557: 7548: 7546: 7535: 7534: 7530: 7525:Wayback Machine 7516: 7512: 7507: 7503: 7486:Schulten, Susan 7483: 7479: 7474: 7470: 7462: 7455: 7448: 7434: 7430: 7419: 7417: 7402: 7395: 7388: 7362: 7358: 7353: 7349: 7344: 7340: 7330: 7328: 7319: 7318: 7314: 7307: 7297:The Fiery Trial 7293: 7289: 7279: 7277: 7268: 7267: 7263: 7256: 7242: 7238: 7224: 7222: 7220: 7200: 7196: 7181: 7165: 7144: 7134: 7132: 7122: 7118: 7108: 7106: 7096: 7092: 7082: 7080: 7069: 7065: 7048: 7047: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7032: 7027: 7023: 7017: 7013: 7007: 7003: 6997: 6993: 6988: 6984: 6978: 6974: 6969: 6965: 6960: 6956: 6951: 6947: 6934: 6930: 6889: 6885: 6863:James B. Weaver 6848: 6844: 6838: 6834: 6829: 6825: 6812: 6808: 6795: 6791: 6783: 6779: 6774: 6717: 6705:dual government 6628:Jefferson Davis 6619: 6609: 6599: 6587: 6575: 6563: 6551: 6534: 6522: 6510: 6498: 6486: 6469: 6457: 6445: 6433: 6421: 6404: 6392: 6380: 6368: 6356: 6344: 6334: 6327: 6320: 6313: 6305: 6293: 6286: 6279: 6272: 6265: 6258: 6246: 6239: 6232: 6225: 6218: 6191: 6179: 6157: 6152: 5754:no popular vote 5749:no popular vote 5741:no popular vote 5736:no popular vote 5731:no popular vote 4074: 4062: 4032: 4021: 4010: 3999: 3988: 3977: 3961: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3943:Stephen Douglas 3939: 3938:Abraham Lincoln 3863: 3856: 3853: 3844: 3841: 3832: 3829: 3820: 3817: 3808: 3805: 3796: 3790: 3781: 3778: 3769: 3766: 3757: 3754: 3745: 3742: 3733: 3730: 3721: 3718: 3709: 3706: 3697: 3692: 3678: 3677: 3669: 3656: 3643: 3633: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3587: 3586: 3578: 3565: 3552: 3539: 3529: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3471: 3469: 3461: 3451: 3449: 3236:Hannibal Hamlin 3210:Abraham Lincoln 3203:Electoral vote 3182: 3014:was 81.2%, the 3008: 3007: 3006: 3005: 3004: 3002: 2995: 2992: 2983: 2982: 2981: 2979: 2973: 2964: 2963: 2962: 2960: 2954: 2943: 2921:write-in ballot 2863: 2834: 2833: 2812: 2804: 2803: 2752: 2744: 2743: 2722:Bleeding Kansas 2688: 2680: 2679: 2560: 2552: 2551: 2537: 2525: 2519: 2497: 2483: 2474: 2462:William Goodell 2436:Free Soil Party 2426: 2411: 2402: 2389: 2319: 2304: 2295: 2280: 2271: 2256: 2247: 2233: 2224: 2210: 2201: 2186: 2136: 2123: 2072: 2065: 2056: 2050: 2009:Franklin Pierce 1984: 1980: 1973:Jefferson Davis 1966: 1957: 1953: 1939: 1930: 1926: 1916: 1911: 1902: 1892: 1886: 1877: 1867: 1858: 1826: 1813: 1809: 1762: 1755: 1746: 1738: 1710:Horatio Seymour 1685:Jefferson Davis 1663:from Virginia, 1659:from Kentucky, 1655:from Illinois, 1607: 1593: 1584: 1579: 1569: 1560: 1545: 1536: 1522: 1513: 1499: 1490: 1475: 1466: 1452: 1443: 1394: 1390: 1381: 1330: 1323: 1317: 1310: 1300: 1289: 1283: 1280: 1237: 1235: 1225: 1213: 1200: 1173:Hannibal Hamlin 1160:Richard Oglesby 1106:Cassius M. Clay 1098:John C. Frémont 1093:Abraham Lincoln 1085:Salmon P. Chase 1059: 1044: 1035: 1021: 1012: 1002: 993: 978: 969: 964: 961:Salmon P. Chase 954: 945: 940: 930: 921: 907: 898: 893: 890:Abraham Lincoln 882: 873: 823: 810: 805: 759:Hannibal Hamlin 758: 752:Abraham Lincoln 751: 745: 738: 732: 724: 598:Franklin Pierce 551:Hannibal Hamlin 547:Abraham Lincoln 519: 517:Abraham Lincoln 514: 504: 499: 491: 486: 483:electoral votes 478: 474: 470: 466: 460: 414: 412: 297: 296: 295: 294: 282: 281: 280: 279: 262: 198:Hannibal Hamlin 149:Abraham Lincoln 139: 138: 137: 136: 124: 123: 122: 121: 82: 77: 45: 40: 38: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 13221: 13211: 13210: 13205: 13200: 13195: 13190: 13185: 13180: 13163: 13162: 13160: 13159: 13147: 13134: 13133: 13126: 13118: 13115: 13114: 13112: 13111: 13105: 13099: 13093: 13087: 13084:Samuel Lincoln 13081: 13075: 13069: 13063: 13057: 13051: 13045: 13039: 13033: 13030:Thomas Lincoln 13027: 13021: 13015: 13009: 13003: 12997: 12991: 12985: 12979: 12977: 12971: 12970: 12967: 12966: 12964: 12963: 12958: 12953: 12948: 12943: 12938: 12933: 12928: 12923: 12918: 12913: 12908: 12903: 12898: 12896:D.C. City Hall 12893: 12888: 12883: 12878: 12871: 12864: 12857: 12850: 12848:Mount Rushmore 12845: 12844: 12843: 12838: 12827: 12825: 12816: 12815: 12810: 12805: 12800: 12795: 12790: 12785: 12780: 12775: 12770: 12765: 12761:Here I Grew Up 12757: 12752: 12743: 12738: 12733: 12728: 12726:Postage stamps 12723: 12722: 12721: 12716: 12711: 12706: 12696: 12695: 12694: 12689: 12679: 12674: 12669: 12664: 12659: 12658: 12657: 12647: 12641: 12639: 12631: 12630: 12628: 12627: 12620: 12613: 12608: 12607: 12606: 12596: 12594:Petersen House 12591: 12590: 12589: 12577: 12576: 12575: 12563: 12561:Ford's Theater 12557: 12555: 12549: 12548: 12546: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12529: 12528: 12518: 12513: 12507: 12505: 12499: 12498: 12496: 12495: 12490: 12485: 12480: 12475: 12470: 12465: 12460: 12455: 12450: 12449: 12448: 12443: 12433: 12432: 12431: 12420: 12418: 12412: 12411: 12409: 12408: 12403: 12398: 12393: 12388: 12383: 12378: 12373: 12371:Baltimore Plot 12368: 12361: 12356: 12351: 12346: 12344:Black Hawk War 12341: 12335: 12333: 12327: 12326: 12324: 12323: 12318: 12310: 12305: 12300: 12295: 12290: 12285: 12280: 12275: 12269: 12267: 12263: 12262: 12260: 12259: 12254: 12249: 12244: 12239: 12234: 12229: 12224: 12219: 12214: 12209: 12204: 12199: 12194: 12193: 12192: 12182: 12177: 12175:Foreign policy 12172: 12171: 12170: 12168:Reconstruction 12165: 12160: 12155: 12150: 12145: 12140: 12135: 12130: 12121: 12116: 12111: 12106: 12096: 12091: 12090: 12089: 12084: 12074: 12068: 12066: 12060: 12059: 12057: 12056: 12046: 12036: 12033: 12032: 12025: 12024: 12017: 12010: 12002: 11993: 11992: 11985: 11983: 11981: 11980: 11975: 11970: 11965: 11960: 11955: 11953:South Carolina 11950: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11930: 11928:North Carolina 11925: 11920: 11915: 11910: 11905: 11900: 11895: 11890: 11885: 11880: 11875: 11870: 11865: 11860: 11855: 11850: 11845: 11840: 11835: 11830: 11825: 11820: 11814: 11811: 11810: 11802: 11801: 11794: 11787: 11779: 11770: 11769: 11767: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11745: 11742: 11741: 11739: 11738: 11733: 11728: 11723: 11718: 11712: 11710: 11704: 11703: 11701: 11700: 11695: 11688: 11683: 11678: 11673: 11668: 11663: 11658: 11653: 11646: 11641: 11636: 11631: 11626: 11619: 11614: 11607: 11602: 11597: 11592: 11587: 11580: 11575: 11570: 11565: 11560: 11553: 11546: 11541: 11536: 11530: 11528: 11524: 11523: 11521: 11520: 11515: 11510: 11505: 11499: 11494: 11489: 11484: 11479: 11474: 11469: 11464: 11456: 11451: 11446: 11441: 11434: 11432:Minnesota 2010 11429: 11424: 11419: 11414: 11409: 11404: 11399: 11397:Louisiana 2007 11394: 11389: 11387:Minnesota 2006 11384: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11362:Wisconsin 2002 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11337:Minnesota 2002 11334: 11329: 11324: 11319: 11314: 11309: 11304: 11299: 11294: 11289: 11286:Minnesota 1998 11282: 11275: 11270: 11265: 11260: 11255: 11250: 11245: 11238: 11233: 11228: 11223: 11218: 11213: 11208: 11203: 11198: 11193: 11188: 11181: 11174: 11169: 11164: 11159: 11154: 11149: 11144: 11139: 11134: 11129: 11124: 11119: 11114: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11072: 11067: 11062: 11057: 11052: 11047: 11042: 11037: 11032: 11027: 11025:Tennessee 1966 11022: 11017: 11012: 11007: 11002: 10997: 10992: 10990:Tennessee 1962 10987: 10982: 10980:Tennessee 1958 10977: 10972: 10967: 10962: 10957: 10955:Tennessee 1954 10952: 10947: 10942: 10940:Tennessee 1950 10937: 10932: 10930:Wisconsin 1944 10927: 10922: 10919:Wisconsin 1942 10915: 10910: 10908:Minnesota 1942 10905: 10900: 10898:Wisconsin 1940 10895: 10893:Minnesota 1940 10889: 10887: 10880: 10879: 10877: 10876: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10855: 10853:Minnesota 2020 10850: 10845: 10839: 10831: 10826: 10819: 10814: 10809: 10804: 10799: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10779: 10771: 10766: 10761: 10756: 10749: 10744: 10739: 10734: 10729: 10724: 10717: 10712: 10710:Minnesota 2008 10707: 10702: 10697: 10689: 10684: 10679: 10672: 10667: 10662: 10657: 10652: 10647: 10642: 10637: 10635:Minnesota 2000 10632: 10627: 10622: 10620:Minnesota 1996 10617: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10595:Minnesota 1994 10592: 10587: 10582: 10580:Louisiana 1992 10577: 10572: 10567: 10562: 10557: 10555:Tennessee 1984 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10522: 10515: 10513:Minnesota 1976 10510: 10505: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10483:Louisiana 1972 10480: 10473: 10466: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10431: 10426: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10401: 10396: 10389: 10384: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10347:Tennessee 1946 10344: 10339: 10334: 10327: 10325:Wisconsin 1944 10322: 10317: 10312: 10307: 10305:Minnesota 1942 10302: 10300:Minnesota 1942 10297: 10294:Wisconsin 1940 10290: 10285: 10283:Minnesota 1940 10280: 10274: 10272: 10268: 10267: 10265: 10264: 10259: 10254: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10218: 10213: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10179: 10170: 10168: 10162: 10161: 10158: 10155: 10154: 10147: 10146: 10139: 10132: 10124: 10115: 10114: 10112: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10095: 10092: 10091: 10089: 10088: 10087: 10086: 10081: 10073: 10068: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10018: 10013: 10007: 10005: 10001: 10000: 9998: 9997: 9992: 9987: 9982: 9977: 9972: 9967: 9962: 9961: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9930: 9925: 9916: 9914: 9906: 9905: 9903: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9881: 9879: 9873: 9872: 9870: 9869: 9864: 9859: 9854: 9849: 9843: 9841: 9835: 9834: 9832: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9801: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9781: 9779:South Carolina 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9744:North Carolina 9741: 9736: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9575: 9573: 9567: 9566: 9564: 9563: 9556: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9536: 9531: 9526: 9521: 9516: 9511: 9506: 9501: 9496: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9436: 9431: 9426: 9421: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9341: 9336: 9331: 9326: 9321: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9296: 9291: 9286: 9281: 9276: 9271: 9266: 9260: 9258: 9254: 9253: 9246: 9245: 9238: 9231: 9223: 9214: 9213: 9211: 9210: 9205: 9195: 9192: 9191: 9188: 9187: 9185: 9184: 9182:Andrew Johnson 9179: 9174: 9169: 9163: 9161: 9157: 9156: 9154: 9153: 9145: 9136: 9134: 9127: 9113: 9112: 9109: 9108: 9106: 9105: 9100: 9095: 9090: 9084: 9082: 9078: 9077: 9075: 9074: 9071:Edward Everett 9066: 9057: 9055: 9048: 9034: 9033: 9030: 9029: 9027: 9026: 9020: 9018: 9014: 9013: 9011: 9010: 9002: 9001:(incumbent VP) 8992: 8990: 8983: 8969: 8968: 8965: 8964: 8962: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8925: 8923: 8919: 8918: 8916: 8915: 8907: 8898: 8896: 8889: 8875: 8874: 8857: 8856: 8849: 8842: 8834: 8828: 8827: 8815: 8809: 8803: 8798: 8793: 8780: 8775: 8770: 8763: 8762:External links 8760: 8759: 8758: 8748: 8736: 8733: 8731: 8730: 8720: 8712:Wells, Damon. 8710: 8704: 8692: 8678: 8672: 8654: 8647: 8634: 8625:Nevins, Allan. 8622: 8615: 8595: 8589: 8572: 8565: 8559: 8543:Holzer, Harold 8539: 8529: 8520: 8514: 8494: 8483: 8477: 8462: 8456: 8436: 8429: 8428: 8427: 8410: 8400: 8394: 8378: 8368: 8362: 8345: 8339: 8323: 8312: 8306: 8288: 8282: 8266: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8250: 8249: 8232: 8219: 8212: 8190: 8177: 8170: 8148: 8122: 8115: 8097: 8085: 8071: 8055: 8037: 8030: 8012: 7992: 7979: 7966: 7948: 7930: 7921:, pp. 239-246 7910: 7890: 7870: 7840: 7799: 7765: 7748: 7727: 7706: 7693: 7662: 7656:978-1402244834 7655: 7637: 7619: 7601: 7594: 7576: 7555: 7528: 7510: 7501: 7477: 7468: 7453: 7447:978-0060852092 7446: 7428: 7393: 7386: 7356: 7347: 7338: 7312: 7305: 7287: 7261: 7254: 7236: 7218: 7194: 7179: 7142: 7116: 7090: 7063: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7031: 7030: 7021: 7011: 7001: 6991: 6982: 6972: 6963: 6954: 6945: 6938:, who won the 6928: 6883: 6842: 6832: 6823: 6806: 6789: 6776: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6769: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6716: 6713: 6655: 6654: 6651: 6648: 6645: 6642: 6608: 6605: 6604: 6603: 6591: 6579: 6567: 6555: 6539: 6538: 6526: 6514: 6502: 6490: 6474: 6473: 6461: 6449: 6437: 6425: 6409: 6408: 6396: 6384: 6372: 6360: 6343: 6340: 6339: 6338: 6331: 6324: 6317: 6310: 6298: 6297: 6290: 6283: 6276: 6269: 6262: 6251: 6250: 6243: 6236: 6229: 6217: 6214: 6213: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6190: 6187: 6186: 6185: 6178: 6175: 6174: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6156: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6139: 6138: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6122: 6119: 6116: 6113: 6110: 6107: 6104: 6101: 6098: 6095: 6092: 6089: 6086: 6083: 6080: 6076: 6075: 6072: 6069: 6066: 6063: 6058: 6055: 6052: 6049: 6046: 6043: 6040: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6028: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6013: 6012: 6009: 6006: 6003: 6000: 5995: 5992: 5989: 5986: 5983: 5980: 5977: 5974: 5971: 5968: 5965: 5962: 5959: 5956: 5950: 5949: 5946: 5943: 5940: 5937: 5932: 5929: 5926: 5923: 5920: 5917: 5914: 5911: 5908: 5905: 5902: 5899: 5896: 5893: 5887: 5886: 5883: 5880: 5877: 5874: 5869: 5866: 5863: 5860: 5857: 5854: 5851: 5848: 5845: 5842: 5837: 5834: 5828: 5827: 5824: 5821: 5818: 5815: 5810: 5807: 5804: 5801: 5798: 5795: 5792: 5789: 5786: 5783: 5778: 5775: 5769: 5768: 5765: 5762: 5759: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5725: 5723:South Carolina 5719: 5718: 5715: 5712: 5709: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5688: 5685: 5682: 5679: 5676: 5673: 5670: 5664: 5663: 5660: 5657: 5654: 5651: 5648: 5645: 5642: 5639: 5636: 5633: 5628: 5625: 5622: 5619: 5616: 5613: 5610: 5607: 5601: 5600: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5588: 5583: 5580: 5577: 5574: 5571: 5568: 5565: 5562: 5559: 5556: 5553: 5550: 5547: 5544: 5538: 5537: 5534: 5531: 5528: 5525: 5520: 5517: 5514: 5511: 5508: 5505: 5502: 5499: 5496: 5493: 5490: 5487: 5484: 5481: 5475: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5465: 5462: 5457: 5454: 5451: 5448: 5445: 5442: 5439: 5436: 5433: 5430: 5425: 5422: 5420:North Carolina 5416: 5415: 5412: 5409: 5406: 5403: 5400: 5397: 5394: 5391: 5386: 5383: 5378: 5375: 5370: 5367: 5364: 5361: 5358: 5352: 5351: 5348: 5345: 5342: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5330: 5327: 5322: 5319: 5314: 5311: 5306: 5303: 5300: 5297: 5294: 5288: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5278: 5275: 5270: 5267: 5264: 5261: 5258: 5255: 5252: 5249: 5246: 5243: 5240: 5237: 5234: 5231: 5225: 5224: 5221: 5218: 5215: 5212: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5198: 5195: 5192: 5189: 5186: 5183: 5180: 5177: 5174: 5171: 5168: 5162: 5161: 5158: 5155: 5152: 5149: 5144: 5141: 5138: 5135: 5132: 5129: 5126: 5123: 5120: 5117: 5112: 5109: 5103: 5102: 5099: 5096: 5093: 5090: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5070: 5067: 5064: 5061: 5058: 5055: 5052: 5049: 5046: 5040: 5039: 5036: 5033: 5030: 5027: 5022: 5019: 5016: 5013: 5010: 5007: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4995: 4992: 4989: 4986: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4973: 4970: 4967: 4964: 4959: 4956: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4944: 4941: 4938: 4935: 4932: 4929: 4926: 4923: 4920: 4914: 4913: 4910: 4907: 4904: 4901: 4896: 4893: 4890: 4887: 4884: 4881: 4878: 4875: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4863: 4860: 4857: 4851: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4833: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4821: 4818: 4815: 4812: 4809: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4797: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4784: 4781: 4778: 4775: 4770: 4767: 4764: 4761: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4743: 4738: 4735: 4729: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4711: 4708: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4696: 4693: 4690: 4687: 4684: 4681: 4678: 4675: 4672: 4666: 4665: 4662: 4659: 4656: 4653: 4648: 4645: 4642: 4639: 4636: 4633: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4621: 4618: 4615: 4612: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4599: 4596: 4593: 4590: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4576: 4573: 4570: 4567: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4555: 4552: 4549: 4546: 4540: 4539: 4536: 4533: 4530: 4527: 4522: 4519: 4516: 4513: 4510: 4507: 4504: 4501: 4498: 4495: 4492: 4489: 4486: 4483: 4477: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4467: 4464: 4459: 4456: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4444: 4441: 4438: 4435: 4432: 4427: 4424: 4418: 4417: 4414: 4411: 4408: 4405: 4400: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4382: 4379: 4376: 4373: 4368: 4365: 4359: 4358: 4355: 4352: 4349: 4346: 4341: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4320: 4317: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4302: 4296: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4278: 4275: 4272: 4269: 4266: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4254: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4242: 4239: 4233: 4232: 4229: 4226: 4223: 4220: 4215: 4212: 4209: 4206: 4203: 4200: 4197: 4194: 4191: 4188: 4185: 4182: 4179: 4176: 4170: 4169: 4166: 4163: 4160: 4157: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4128: 4125: 4120: 4117: 4111: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4101: 4098: 4093: 4090: 4087: 4084: 4081: 4078: 4072: 4069: 4066: 4060: 4055: 4052: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4007: 4004: 4001: 3996: 3993: 3990: 3985: 3982: 3979: 3974: 3970: 3969: 3966: 3963: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3928: 3927: 3916: 3915: 3904: 3903: 3892: 3891: 3862: 3859: 3858: 3857: 3854: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3799: 3797: 3791: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3748: 3746: 3743: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3700: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3680: 3679: 3674: 3673: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3661: 3660: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3648: 3647: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3612: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3602:Electoral vote 3597: 3596: 3589: 3588: 3583: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3544: 3543: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3531: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3508: 3507: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3483:South Carolina 3433: 3432: 3429: 3427: 3424: 3423:Needed to win 3420: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3408: 3405: 3401: 3400: 3397: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3383: 3377: 3376: 3373: 3368: 3361: 3358: 3355: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3334: 3333: 3330: 3325: 3322:Edward Everett 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3304: 3299: 3291: 3290: 3287: 3282: 3275: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3248: 3247: 3244: 3239: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3205: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3188: 3187: 3184: 3179: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3114:fusion tickets 3027:Andrew Jackson 2994: 2993: 2986: 2985: 2984: 2974: 2967: 2966: 2965: 2955: 2948: 2947: 2946: 2945: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2905:Hancock County 2876:Winfield Scott 2865: 2864: 2862: 2861: 2854: 2847: 2839: 2836: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2813: 2810: 2809: 2806: 2805: 2802: 2801: 2794: 2787: 2782: 2775: 2766: 2759: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2746: 2745: 2742: 2741: 2736: 2731: 2724: 2719: 2712: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2689: 2686: 2685: 2682: 2681: 2678: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2615:Wilmot Proviso 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2590:Tariff of 1828 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2561: 2558: 2557: 2554: 2553: 2550: 2549: 2544: 2538: 2535: 2534: 2518: 2515: 2503:Samuel Houston 2499: 2498: 2484: 2477: 2473: 2470: 2428: 2427: 2415:Representative 2412: 2405: 2401: 2398: 2397: 2396: 2388: 2385: 2358:Edward Everett 2321: 2320: 2305: 2298: 2296: 2293:North Carolina 2281: 2274: 2272: 2264:Edward Everett 2257: 2250: 2248: 2234: 2227: 2225: 2211: 2204: 2202: 2187: 2180: 2177: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2152: 2151: 2141: 2140: 2127: 2113: 2112: 2103: 2093: 2092: 2085: 2077: 2076: 2073:Edward Everett 2069: 2052:Main article: 2049: 2046: 2016:Vice President 1986: 1985: 1967: 1960: 1958: 1940: 1933: 1931: 1912: 1905: 1903: 1887: 1880: 1878: 1870:Vice President 1868: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1843: 1840: 1831: 1830: 1817: 1803: 1802: 1793: 1783: 1782: 1775: 1767: 1766: 1759: 1742:Main article: 1737: 1734: 1673:Andrew Johnson 1609: 1608: 1594: 1587: 1585: 1576:Andrew Johnson 1570: 1563: 1561: 1546: 1539: 1537: 1523: 1516: 1514: 1500: 1493: 1491: 1476: 1469: 1467: 1453: 1446: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1408:James Buchanan 1399: 1398: 1385: 1371: 1370: 1361: 1351: 1350: 1343: 1335: 1334: 1327: 1319: 1318: 1315: 1306:Main article: 1302: 1301: 1216: 1214: 1207: 1199: 1196: 1122:Horace Greeley 1068:Chicago Wigwam 1061: 1060: 1045: 1038: 1036: 1022: 1015: 1013: 1003: 996: 994: 982:Representative 979: 972: 970: 955: 948: 946: 931: 924: 922: 908: 901: 899: 886:Representative 883: 876: 872: 869: 868: 867: 864: 861: 858: 855: 852: 849: 846: 837: 836: 828: 827: 814: 808:Illinois's 7th 799: 798: 789: 779: 778: 771: 763: 762: 755: 747: 746: 743: 734:Main article: 731: 728: 723: 720: 594:James Buchanan 529: 528: 525: 524: 509: 502:James Buchanan 488: 487: 464: 409: 408: 405: 404: 401: 398: 394: 393: 390: 387: 383: 382: 379: 376: 372: 371: 368: 365: 361: 360: 355: 353:Edward Everett 350: 346: 345: 340: 335: 331: 330: 325: 320: 316: 315: 313: 308: 303: 299: 298: 288: 287: 286: 285: 283: 273: 272: 271: 270: 268: 264: 263: 259: 258: 255: 250: 246: 245: 242: 237: 233: 232: 229: 224: 220: 219: 216: 211: 207: 206: 201: 194: 190: 189: 184: 179: 175: 174: 169: 164: 160: 159: 157: 152: 145: 141: 140: 130: 129: 128: 127: 125: 115: 114: 113: 112: 110: 102: 101: 89: 85: 84: 74: 73: 70: 69: 63: 58: 47: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13220: 13209: 13206: 13204: 13201: 13199: 13196: 13194: 13191: 13189: 13186: 13184: 13181: 13179: 13176: 13175: 13173: 13158: 13157: 13148: 13146: 13145: 13136: 13135: 13132: 13131: 13127: 13125: 13124: 13120: 13119: 13116: 13109: 13106: 13103: 13100: 13097: 13094: 13091: 13088: 13085: 13082: 13079: 13076: 13073: 13070: 13067: 13064: 13061: 13058: 13056:(grandfather) 13055: 13052: 13049: 13046: 13043: 13040: 13037: 13034: 13031: 13028: 13025: 13022: 13019: 13016: 13013: 13010: 13007: 13004: 13001: 12998: 12995: 12992: 12989: 12986: 12984: 12981: 12980: 12978: 12976: 12972: 12962: 12959: 12957: 12954: 12952: 12949: 12947: 12944: 12942: 12939: 12937: 12936:New York City 12934: 12932: 12929: 12927: 12924: 12922: 12919: 12917: 12914: 12912: 12909: 12907: 12904: 12902: 12899: 12897: 12894: 12892: 12889: 12887: 12884: 12882: 12879: 12877: 12876: 12872: 12870: 12869: 12865: 12863: 12862: 12858: 12856: 12855: 12851: 12849: 12846: 12842: 12839: 12837: 12834: 12833: 12832: 12829: 12828: 12826: 12824: 12820: 12814: 12811: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12794: 12791: 12789: 12788:Lincoln Prize 12786: 12784: 12781: 12779: 12776: 12774: 12771: 12769: 12766: 12763: 12762: 12758: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12749: 12744: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12720: 12717: 12715: 12712: 12710: 12709:Lincoln penny 12707: 12705: 12702: 12701: 12700: 12697: 12693: 12690: 12688: 12685: 12684: 12683: 12680: 12678: 12675: 12673: 12670: 12668: 12665: 12663: 12660: 12656: 12653: 12652: 12651: 12648: 12646: 12643: 12642: 12640: 12638: 12632: 12625: 12621: 12618: 12614: 12612: 12609: 12605: 12602: 12601: 12600: 12599:State funeral 12597: 12595: 12592: 12587: 12583: 12582: 12581: 12578: 12574: 12571: 12570: 12569: 12568: 12564: 12562: 12559: 12558: 12556: 12554: 12553:Assassination 12550: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12527: 12524: 12523: 12522: 12519: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12508: 12506: 12504: 12500: 12494: 12491: 12489: 12486: 12484: 12481: 12479: 12476: 12474: 12471: 12469: 12466: 12464: 12461: 12459: 12456: 12454: 12451: 12447: 12444: 12442: 12439: 12438: 12437: 12434: 12430: 12427: 12426: 12425: 12422: 12421: 12419: 12413: 12407: 12404: 12402: 12399: 12397: 12394: 12392: 12389: 12387: 12384: 12382: 12379: 12377: 12374: 12372: 12369: 12367: 12366: 12362: 12360: 12357: 12355: 12352: 12350: 12347: 12345: 12342: 12340: 12337: 12336: 12334: 12328: 12322: 12319: 12317: 12314: 12311: 12309: 12306: 12304: 12301: 12299: 12296: 12294: 12291: 12289: 12286: 12284: 12281: 12279: 12276: 12274: 12271: 12270: 12268: 12264: 12258: 12255: 12253: 12250: 12248: 12245: 12243: 12240: 12238: 12235: 12233: 12230: 12228: 12225: 12223: 12220: 12218: 12215: 12213: 12210: 12208: 12205: 12203: 12200: 12198: 12195: 12191: 12188: 12187: 12186: 12183: 12181: 12178: 12176: 12173: 12169: 12166: 12164: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12149: 12146: 12144: 12141: 12139: 12136: 12134: 12131: 12129: 12127: 12122: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12101: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12088: 12087:Lincoln Bible 12085: 12083: 12080: 12079: 12078: 12075: 12073: 12070: 12069: 12067: 12065: 12061: 12054: 12050: 12047: 12044: 12041: 12038: 12037: 12034: 12030: 12023: 12018: 12016: 12011: 12009: 12004: 12003: 12000: 11989: 11979: 11976: 11974: 11971: 11969: 11966: 11964: 11961: 11959: 11956: 11954: 11951: 11949: 11946: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11926: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11913:New Hampshire 11911: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11888:Massachusetts 11886: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11876: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11866: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11844: 11841: 11839: 11836: 11834: 11831: 11829: 11826: 11824: 11821: 11819: 11816: 11815: 11812: 11808: 11800: 11795: 11793: 11788: 11786: 11781: 11780: 11777: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11746: 11743: 11737: 11734: 11732: 11731:West Virginia 11729: 11727: 11724: 11722: 11719: 11717: 11714: 11713: 11711: 11709: 11705: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11693: 11689: 11687: 11684: 11682: 11679: 11677: 11674: 11672: 11669: 11667: 11664: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11652: 11651: 11647: 11645: 11642: 11640: 11637: 11635: 11632: 11630: 11627: 11625: 11624: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11612: 11608: 11606: 11603: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11585: 11581: 11579: 11576: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11559: 11558: 11554: 11552: 11551: 11547: 11545: 11542: 11540: 11537: 11535: 11532: 11531: 11529: 11525: 11519: 11516: 11514: 11511: 11509: 11506: 11503: 11500: 11498: 11495: 11493: 11490: 11488: 11485: 11483: 11480: 11478: 11475: 11473: 11470: 11468: 11465: 11462: 11461: 11457: 11455: 11454:Virginia 2013 11452: 11450: 11449:Kentucky 2011 11447: 11445: 11442: 11440: 11439: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11425: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11412:Colorado 2010 11410: 11408: 11405: 11403: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11393: 11390: 11388: 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11372:Illinois 2006 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11352:Oklahoma 2002 11350: 11348: 11347:New York 2002 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11313: 11310: 11308: 11307:Kentucky 1999 11305: 11303: 11300: 11298: 11295: 11293: 11292:New York 1998 11290: 11288: 11287: 11283: 11281: 11280: 11276: 11274: 11271: 11269: 11266: 11264: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11253:Oklahoma 1994 11251: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11243: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11232: 11229: 11227: 11224: 11222: 11219: 11217: 11214: 11212: 11209: 11207: 11206:Oklahoma 1990 11204: 11202: 11201:New York 1990 11199: 11197: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11186: 11182: 11180: 11179: 11175: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11162:Oklahoma 1986 11160: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11152:Illinois 1986 11150: 11148: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11138: 11135: 11133: 11130: 11128: 11125: 11123: 11120: 11118: 11115: 11113: 11110: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11082:Nebraska 1974 11080: 11078: 11077: 11073: 11071: 11070:Virginia 1973 11068: 11066: 11063: 11061: 11058: 11056: 11053: 11051: 11048: 11046: 11045:New York 1970 11043: 11041: 11038: 11036: 11035:Arkansas 1970 11033: 11031: 11028: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11020:New York 1966 11018: 11016: 11015:Maryland 1966 11013: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10995:Virginia 1965 10993: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10975:Oklahoma 1958 10973: 10971: 10968: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10960:Nebraska 1956 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10923: 10921: 10920: 10916: 10914: 10913:New York 1942 10911: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10901: 10899: 10896: 10894: 10891: 10890: 10888: 10885: 10884:Gubernatorial 10881: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10858:Nebraska 2020 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10848:Arkansas 2020 10846: 10843: 10840: 10837: 10836: 10832: 10830: 10827: 10825: 10824: 10820: 10818: 10815: 10813: 10810: 10808: 10805: 10803: 10800: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10777: 10776: 10772: 10770: 10767: 10765: 10764:Missouri 2012 10762: 10760: 10759:Maryland 2012 10757: 10755: 10754: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10743: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10730: 10728: 10725: 10723: 10722: 10718: 10716: 10713: 10711: 10708: 10706: 10703: 10701: 10700:Arkansas 2008 10698: 10695: 10694: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10677: 10673: 10671: 10670:Oklahoma 2004 10668: 10666: 10665:Virginia 2002 10663: 10661: 10660:Oklahoma 2002 10658: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10646: 10643: 10641: 10638: 10636: 10633: 10631: 10628: 10626: 10623: 10621: 10618: 10616: 10613: 10611: 10610:Virginia 1994 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10568: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10560:Virginia 1990 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10545:New York 1980 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10530:Arkansas 1978 10528: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10520: 10519:Virginia 1976 10516: 10514: 10511: 10509: 10506: 10504: 10503:New York 1974 10501: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10478: 10477:Virginia 1970 10474: 10472: 10471: 10470:New York 1970 10467: 10465: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10454:New York 1968 10452: 10450: 10449:Maryland 1968 10447: 10445: 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10434:Virginia 1966 10432: 10430: 10429:Virginia 1966 10427: 10425: 10422: 10420: 10419:Virginia 1964 10417: 10415: 10414:Virginia 1960 10412: 10410: 10409:Virginia 1958 10407: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10399:Virginia 1954 10397: 10395: 10394: 10390: 10388: 10387:Virginia 1952 10385: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10377:New York 1952 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10352:Arkansas 1948 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10332: 10328: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10315:Virginia 1942 10313: 10311: 10310:Nebraska 1942 10308: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10295: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10275: 10273: 10269: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10185: 10184: 10180: 10177: 10176: 10172: 10171: 10169: 10167: 10163: 10156: 10152: 10145: 10140: 10138: 10133: 10131: 10126: 10125: 10122: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10096: 10093: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10076: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10066: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10017: 10014: 10012: 10009: 10008: 10006: 10002: 9996: 9995:Voter turnout 9993: 9991: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9981: 9978: 9976: 9973: 9971: 9968: 9966: 9963: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9931: 9929: 9926: 9924: 9921: 9920: 9918: 9917: 9915: 9911: 9907: 9901: 9900:Superdelegate 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9882: 9880: 9878: 9874: 9868: 9867:Super Tuesday 9865: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9847:Iowa caucuses 9845: 9844: 9842: 9840: 9836: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9819:West Virginia 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9760: 9757: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9724:New Hampshire 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9684:Massachusetts 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9572: 9568: 9562: 9561: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9527: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9515: 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9435: 9432: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9420: 9417: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9345: 9342: 9340: 9337: 9335: 9332: 9330: 9327: 9325: 9322: 9320: 9317: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9277: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9261: 9259: 9255: 9251: 9244: 9239: 9237: 9232: 9230: 9225: 9224: 9221: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9200: 9197: 9196: 9193: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9172:James Guthrie 9170: 9168: 9165: 9164: 9162: 9158: 9152: 9151: 9146: 9144: 9143: 9138: 9137: 9135: 9131: 9128: 9125: 9120: 9119: 9114: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9085: 9083: 9079: 9073: 9072: 9067: 9065: 9064: 9059: 9058: 9056: 9052: 9049: 9046: 9041: 9040: 9035: 9025: 9022: 9021: 9019: 9015: 9009: 9008: 9003: 9000: 8999: 8994: 8993: 8991: 8987: 8984: 8981: 8976: 8975: 8970: 8960: 8959:Benjamin Wade 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8934:Simon Cameron 8932: 8930: 8927: 8926: 8924: 8920: 8914: 8913: 8908: 8906: 8905: 8900: 8899: 8897: 8893: 8890: 8887: 8882: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8867: 8863: 8855: 8850: 8848: 8843: 8841: 8836: 8835: 8832: 8826: 8822: 8819: 8816: 8813: 8810: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8791: 8787: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8765: 8757: 8753: 8749: 8747: 8743: 8739: 8738: 8729: 8728:online review 8725: 8721: 8719: 8715: 8711: 8709: 8705: 8701: 8697: 8693: 8689: 8688: 8683: 8679: 8675: 8669: 8665: 8664: 8659: 8655: 8652: 8648: 8646: 8642: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8629: 8626: 8623: 8618: 8612: 8608: 8604: 8600: 8596: 8592: 8590:9780803207967 8586: 8581: 8580: 8573: 8570: 8566: 8562: 8556: 8551: 8550: 8544: 8540: 8538: 8537:online review 8534: 8530: 8526: 8521: 8517: 8511: 8507: 8503: 8499: 8495: 8492: 8489:96.2 (2009): 8488: 8484: 8480: 8474: 8471:. SIU Press. 8470: 8469: 8463: 8459: 8457:0-684-82490-6 8453: 8448: 8447: 8441: 8437: 8434: 8430: 8425: 8421: 8420: 8419: 8415: 8411: 8409: 8405: 8401: 8397: 8391: 8387: 8383: 8379: 8377: 8373: 8369: 8365: 8359: 8354: 8353: 8346: 8342: 8336: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8321: 8317: 8313: 8309: 8303: 8299: 8298: 8293: 8289: 8285: 8279: 8275: 8271: 8267: 8264: 8260: 8259: 8246: 8242: 8236: 8229: 8223: 8215: 8213:9781405138307 8209: 8205: 8201: 8194: 8187: 8181: 8173: 8171:9781405138307 8167: 8163: 8159: 8152: 8145: 8141: 8137: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8118: 8112: 8108: 8101: 8094: 8089: 8083: 8080: 8075: 8066: 8064: 8062: 8060: 8050: 8048: 8046: 8044: 8042: 8033: 8027: 8023: 8016: 8010: 8006: 8002: 7996: 7989: 7983: 7977:(1976) p. 437 7976: 7970: 7962: 7958: 7952: 7945: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7928: 7924: 7920: 7914: 7908: 7904: 7900: 7894: 7888: 7884: 7880: 7874: 7867: 7854: 7850: 7844: 7825: 7821: 7817: 7810: 7803: 7788: 7784: 7780: 7775: 7774:1876 election 7769: 7758: 7752: 7737: 7731: 7716: 7710: 7703: 7697: 7681: 7677: 7673: 7666: 7658: 7652: 7648: 7641: 7633: 7629: 7623: 7615: 7611: 7605: 7597: 7595:9780786410170 7591: 7587: 7580: 7572: 7568: 7562: 7560: 7544: 7540: 7539: 7532: 7526: 7522: 7519: 7514: 7505: 7497: 7492: 7487: 7481: 7472: 7465: 7460: 7458: 7449: 7443: 7439: 7432: 7416: 7412: 7411: 7406: 7400: 7398: 7389: 7387:0-8078-1588-8 7383: 7379: 7375: 7370: 7369: 7360: 7351: 7342: 7326: 7322: 7316: 7308: 7302: 7298: 7291: 7275: 7271: 7265: 7257: 7251: 7247: 7240: 7233: 7221: 7219:0-7432-9964-7 7215: 7211: 7207: 7206: 7198: 7190: 7186: 7182: 7180:0-684-80846-3 7176: 7172: 7171: 7163: 7161: 7159: 7157: 7155: 7153: 7151: 7149: 7147: 7131: 7127: 7120: 7105: 7101: 7094: 7078: 7074: 7067: 7059: 7055: 7051: 7045: 7041: 7025: 7015: 7005: 6995: 6986: 6976: 6967: 6958: 6949: 6941: 6937: 6932: 6925: 6921: 6917: 6913: 6909: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6893: 6887: 6880: 6876: 6872: 6868: 6864: 6860: 6856: 6852: 6846: 6836: 6827: 6820: 6816: 6810: 6803: 6799: 6793: 6786: 6781: 6777: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6718: 6712: 6708: 6706: 6702: 6697: 6693: 6689: 6685: 6682:Lincoln then 6680: 6678: 6672: 6668: 6665: 6661: 6652: 6649: 6646: 6643: 6640: 6639: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6629: 6625: 6618: 6614: 6602: 6597: 6596: 6592: 6590: 6585: 6584: 6580: 6578: 6573: 6572: 6568: 6566: 6561: 6560: 6556: 6554: 6549: 6548: 6544: 6543: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6531: 6527: 6525: 6520: 6519: 6515: 6513: 6508: 6507: 6503: 6501: 6496: 6495: 6491: 6489: 6484: 6483: 6479: 6478: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6466: 6462: 6460: 6455: 6454: 6450: 6448: 6443: 6442: 6438: 6436: 6431: 6430: 6426: 6424: 6419: 6418: 6414: 6413: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6401: 6397: 6395: 6390: 6389: 6385: 6383: 6378: 6377: 6373: 6371: 6366: 6365: 6361: 6359: 6354: 6353: 6349: 6348: 6347: 6337: 6332: 6330: 6325: 6323: 6318: 6316: 6311: 6308: 6303: 6302: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6289: 6284: 6282: 6277: 6275: 6270: 6268: 6263: 6261: 6256: 6255: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6242: 6237: 6235: 6230: 6228: 6223: 6222: 6221: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6192: 6184: 6181: 6180: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6158: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6123: 6120: 6117: 6114: 6111: 6108: 6105: 6102: 6099: 6096: 6093: 6090: 6087: 6084: 6081: 6078: 6077: 6073: 6070: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6056: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6044: 6041: 6038: 6035: 6032: 6029: 6026: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6014: 6010: 6007: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5984: 5981: 5978: 5975: 5972: 5969: 5966: 5963: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5951: 5947: 5944: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5930: 5927: 5924: 5921: 5918: 5915: 5912: 5909: 5906: 5903: 5900: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5888: 5884: 5881: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5867: 5864: 5861: 5858: 5855: 5852: 5849: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5822: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5808: 5805: 5802: 5799: 5796: 5793: 5790: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5770: 5766: 5763: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5750: 5744: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5720: 5716: 5713: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5700: 5695: 5689: 5686: 5683: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5665: 5661: 5658: 5655: 5652: 5649: 5646: 5643: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5626: 5623: 5620: 5617: 5614: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5602: 5598: 5595: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5581: 5578: 5575: 5572: 5569: 5566: 5563: 5560: 5557: 5554: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5539: 5535: 5532: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5518: 5515: 5512: 5509: 5506: 5503: 5500: 5497: 5494: 5491: 5488: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5476: 5472: 5469: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5455: 5452: 5449: 5446: 5443: 5440: 5437: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5417: 5413: 5410: 5407: 5404: 5401: 5398: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5384: 5382: 5376: 5374: 5368: 5365: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5353: 5349: 5346: 5343: 5340: 5337: 5334: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5320: 5318: 5312: 5310: 5304: 5301: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5289: 5285: 5282: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5268: 5265: 5262: 5259: 5256: 5253: 5250: 5247: 5244: 5241: 5238: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5229:New Hampshire 5227: 5226: 5222: 5219: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5205: 5202: 5199: 5196: 5193: 5190: 5187: 5184: 5181: 5178: 5175: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5163: 5159: 5156: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5142: 5139: 5136: 5133: 5130: 5127: 5124: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5104: 5100: 5097: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5083: 5080: 5077: 5074: 5071: 5068: 5065: 5062: 5059: 5056: 5053: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5041: 5037: 5034: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5020: 5017: 5014: 5011: 5008: 5005: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4978: 4974: 4971: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4957: 4954: 4951: 4948: 4945: 4942: 4939: 4936: 4933: 4930: 4927: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4918:Massachusetts 4916: 4915: 4911: 4908: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4894: 4891: 4888: 4885: 4882: 4879: 4876: 4873: 4870: 4867: 4864: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4852: 4848: 4845: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4831: 4828: 4825: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4813: 4810: 4807: 4804: 4801: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4789: 4785: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4730: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4709: 4706: 4703: 4700: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4688: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4667: 4663: 4660: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4646: 4643: 4640: 4637: 4634: 4631: 4628: 4625: 4622: 4619: 4616: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4604: 4600: 4597: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4583: 4580: 4577: 4574: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4562: 4559: 4556: 4553: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4541: 4537: 4534: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4511: 4508: 4505: 4502: 4499: 4496: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4478: 4474: 4471: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4457: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4445: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4419: 4415: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4398: 4395: 4392: 4389: 4386: 4383: 4380: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4360: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4339: 4336: 4333: 4330: 4327: 4324: 4321: 4318: 4315: 4312: 4309: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4297: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4267: 4264: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4252: 4249: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4230: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4213: 4210: 4207: 4204: 4201: 4198: 4195: 4192: 4189: 4186: 4183: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4171: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4150: 4147: 4144: 4141: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4112: 4108: 4105: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4079: 4073: 4070: 4067: 4061: 4059: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4047: 4044: 4038: 4035: 4030: 4019: 4008: 3997: 3986: 3975: 3971: 3934: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3917: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3905: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3893: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3851: 3846: 3839: 3834: 3827: 3822: 3815: 3810: 3803: 3798: 3794: 3788: 3783: 3776: 3771: 3764: 3759: 3752: 3747: 3740: 3735: 3728: 3723: 3716: 3711: 3704: 3699: 3698: 3687: 3686: 3666: 3662: 3653: 3649: 3640: 3636: 3619: 3617: 3613: 3608: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3594: 3575: 3571: 3562: 3558: 3549: 3545: 3536: 3532: 3515: 3513: 3509: 3504: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3490: 3487: 3486: 3484: 3478: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3448: 3444: 3441:Leip, David. 3439: 3430: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3366: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3340: 3336: 3335: 3331: 3329: 3328:Massachusetts 3326: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3297: 3293: 3292: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3273: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3237: 3233: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3211: 3207: 3206: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3190: 3189: 3186:Running mate 3178:Popular vote 3167: 3161: 3159: 3154: 3152: 3151:Supreme Court 3148: 3144: 3138: 3134: 3131: 3125: 3123: 3117: 3115: 3110: 3106: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3083: 3078: 3074: 3071: 3070:ballot access 3067: 3066:secret ballot 3063: 3059: 3054: 3050: 3048: 3044: 3034: 3030: 3028: 3023: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3012:Voter turnout 3001: 2990: 2978: 2971: 2958: 2952: 2938: 2935: 2931: 2925: 2922: 2916: 2914: 2910: 2909:Potomac River 2906: 2902: 2898: 2897:West Virginia 2892: 2888: 2886: 2880: 2877: 2873: 2872:37th Congress 2860: 2855: 2853: 2848: 2846: 2841: 2840: 2838: 2837: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2819: 2815: 2814: 2808: 2807: 2800: 2799: 2795: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2767: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2754: 2748: 2747: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2717: 2713: 2711: 2710: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2690: 2684: 2683: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2556: 2555: 2548: 2547:Panic of 1857 2545: 2543: 2540: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2529: 2524: 2514: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2491: 2487: 2481: 2476: 2475: 2469: 2465: 2463: 2458: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2437: 2433: 2432:Liberty Party 2425: 2421: 2420: 2416: 2409: 2404: 2403: 2394: 2393: 2392: 2384: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2361: 2359: 2355: 2352: 2348: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2325: 2318: 2314: 2313: 2309: 2302: 2297: 2294: 2290: 2289: 2285: 2278: 2273: 2270: 2269:Massachusetts 2266: 2265: 2261: 2254: 2249: 2246: 2242: 2241: 2237: 2231: 2226: 2223: 2219: 2218: 2214: 2208: 2203: 2200: 2196: 2195: 2191: 2184: 2179: 2178: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2158: 2157: 2147: 2142: 2135: 2134:Massachusetts 2131: 2128: 2122: 2118: 2115: 2114: 2108: 2104: 2099: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2090: 2086: 2084: 2083: 2082:for President 2079: 2078: 2075: 2070: 2068: 2063: 2062: 2055: 2045: 2043: 2039: 2038:Richard Nixon 2035: 2030: 2026: 2024: 2020: 2017: 2012: 2010: 2006: 2005:Caleb Cushing 2001: 1999: 1990: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1974: 1970: 1964: 1959: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1947: 1943: 1937: 1932: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1920: 1915: 1909: 1904: 1901: 1897: 1896: 1891: 1884: 1879: 1876: 1875: 1871: 1865: 1860: 1859: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1838: 1837: 1836: 1825: 1821: 1818: 1812: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1798: 1794: 1789: 1785: 1784: 1781: 1780: 1776: 1774: 1773: 1772:for President 1769: 1768: 1765: 1760: 1758: 1753: 1752: 1745: 1740: 1733: 1731: 1726: 1724: 1719: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1704: 1699: 1697: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1667:from Oregon, 1666: 1662: 1658: 1657:James Guthrie 1654: 1645: 1641: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1622: 1618: 1613: 1606: 1602: 1601: 1597: 1591: 1586: 1583: 1578: 1577: 1573: 1567: 1562: 1559: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1543: 1538: 1535: 1531: 1530: 1526: 1520: 1515: 1512: 1508: 1507: 1503: 1497: 1492: 1489: 1485: 1484: 1483:James Guthrie 1480: 1473: 1468: 1465: 1461: 1460: 1456: 1450: 1445: 1444: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1415: 1409: 1405: 1393: 1389: 1386: 1380: 1376: 1373: 1372: 1366: 1362: 1357: 1353: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1344: 1342: 1341: 1340:for President 1337: 1336: 1333: 1328: 1326: 1321: 1320: 1313: 1309: 1298: 1295: 1287: 1284:November 2023 1276: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1259: 1255: 1252: 1248: 1245: – 1244: 1240: 1239:Find sources: 1233: 1229: 1223: 1222: 1217:This section 1215: 1211: 1206: 1205: 1202: 1195: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1180:Homestead Act 1176: 1174: 1168: 1164: 1161: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1145: 1144:Know Nothings 1141: 1135: 1131: 1129: 1128: 1123: 1119: 1113: 1111: 1110:Benjamin Wade 1107: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1069: 1065: 1058: 1054: 1053: 1049: 1042: 1037: 1034: 1030: 1029: 1028:Benjamin Wade 1025: 1019: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1006: 1000: 995: 992: 988: 987: 983: 976: 971: 968: 963: 962: 958: 952: 947: 944: 939: 938: 937:Simon Cameron 934: 928: 923: 920: 916: 915: 911: 905: 900: 897: 892: 891: 887: 880: 875: 874: 865: 862: 859: 856: 853: 850: 847: 844: 843: 842: 835: 834: 829: 822: 818: 815: 809: 804: 801: 800: 794: 790: 785: 781: 780: 777: 776: 772: 770: 769: 768:for President 765: 764: 761: 756: 754: 749: 748: 741: 737: 727: 719: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 696: 690: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 649:adjourned in 648: 643: 638: 636: 632: 631:Know Nothings 628: 624: 620: 619: 614: 610: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 582: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 523: 522: 518: 513: 510: 508: 507: 503: 498: 495: 494: 489: 484: 410: 402: 399: 396: 395: 391: 388: 385: 384: 380: 377: 374: 373: 369: 366: 363: 362: 359: 356: 354: 351: 348: 347: 344: 341: 339: 336: 333: 332: 329: 326: 324: 321: 318: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 301: 300: 292: 284: 277: 269: 266: 265: 260: 256: 254: 251: 248: 247: 243: 241: 238: 235: 234: 230: 228: 225: 222: 221: 217: 215: 212: 209: 208: 205: 202: 200: 199: 195: 192: 191: 188: 185: 183: 180: 177: 176: 173: 170: 168: 165: 162: 161: 158: 156: 153: 151: 150: 146: 143: 142: 134: 126: 119: 111: 108: 107: 103: 100: 90: 86: 81: 75: 68: → 67: 64: 62: 59: 57: 54:← 53: 52: 48: 36: 30: 19: 13154: 13142: 13128: 13121: 13078:Joseph Hanks 13044:(stepmother) 12946:Philadelphia 12874: 12867: 12860: 12853: 12759: 12747: 12667:Bibliography 12611:Lincoln Tomb 12565: 12532: 12468:Lincoln Home 12363: 12349:Matson Trial 12222:Bixby letter 12125: 11948:Rhode Island 11943:Pennsylvania 11806: 11690: 11648: 11621: 11609: 11582: 11555: 11548: 11502:Vermont 2020 11497:Indiana 2020 11482:Wyoming 2014 11458: 11444:Wyoming 2010 11436: 11402:Vermont 2008 11357:Vermont 2002 11322:Arizona 2002 11317:Vermont 2000 11284: 11277: 11268:Vermont 1994 11240: 11183: 11176: 11167:Vermont 1986 11147:Arizona 1986 11132:Arizona 1982 11102:Vermont 1976 11097:Vermont 1974 11074: 11030:Alabama 1970 11005:Georgia 1966 11000:Alabama 1966 10950:Vermont 1952 10917: 10886:(since 1940) 10835:Vermont 2018 10833: 10821: 10812:Indiana 2016 10802:Arizona 2016 10792:Wyoming 2014 10775:Vermont 2012 10773: 10769:Montana 2012 10751: 10747:Indiana 2012 10732:Indiana 2010 10727:Florida 2010 10719: 10693:Vermont 2006 10691: 10682:Indiana 2006 10674: 10625:Arizona 2000 10605:Vermont 1994 10590:Arizona 1994 10570:Arizona 1992 10525:Alabama 1978 10517: 10488:Florida 1974 10475: 10468: 10439:Alabama 1968 10391: 10357:Alabama 1950 10329: 10292: 10204: 10181: 10173: 10166:Presidential 10021:Election Day 9784:South Dakota 9774:Rhode Island 9769:Pennsylvania 9749:North Dakota 9558: 9353: 9198: 9147: 9139: 9116: 9068: 9060: 9037: 9004: 8995: 8972: 8929:Edward Bates 8909: 8901: 8878: 8870:1864 → 8865: 8862:← 1856 8751: 8741: 8723: 8713: 8699: 8686: 8662: 8650: 8640: 8627: 8602: 8578: 8568: 8548: 8532: 8524: 8504:. Lawrence: 8501: 8486: 8467: 8445: 8432: 8423: 8413: 8403: 8385: 8371: 8351: 8330: 8315: 8296: 8273: 8262: 8244: 8235: 8222: 8203: 8193: 8185: 8180: 8161: 8151: 8134: 8130:Avery Craven 8125: 8106: 8100: 8088: 8081: 8074: 8021: 8015: 8003:, pp. 65-66 8000: 7995: 7987: 7982: 7974: 7969: 7960: 7951: 7941: 7937: 7933: 7918: 7913: 7901:, pp. 34-36 7898: 7893: 7878: 7873: 7856:. Retrieved 7852: 7843: 7831:. Retrieved 7824:the original 7815: 7802: 7790:. Retrieved 7782: 7768: 7751: 7739:. Retrieved 7730: 7718:. Retrieved 7709: 7696: 7684:. Retrieved 7679: 7675: 7665: 7646: 7640: 7631: 7622: 7613: 7604: 7585: 7579: 7570: 7547:, retrieved 7543:the original 7537: 7531: 7513: 7504: 7495: 7480: 7471: 7437: 7431: 7418:. Retrieved 7409: 7367: 7359: 7350: 7341: 7329:. Retrieved 7324: 7315: 7296: 7290: 7280:December 28, 7278:. Retrieved 7273: 7264: 7245: 7239: 7230: 7223:. Retrieved 7204: 7197: 7169: 7133:. Retrieved 7129: 7119: 7107:. Retrieved 7103: 7093: 7081:. Retrieved 7066: 7053: 7044: 7024: 7014: 7004: 6994: 6985: 6975: 6966: 6957: 6948: 6931: 6912:North Dakota 6886: 6875:South Dakota 6845: 6835: 6826: 6809: 6792: 6780: 6709: 6681: 6673: 6669: 6656: 6636: 6620: 6598: 6594: 6586: 6582: 6574: 6570: 6562: 6558: 6550: 6546: 6540: 6533: 6529: 6521: 6517: 6509: 6505: 6497: 6493: 6485: 6481: 6475: 6468: 6464: 6456: 6452: 6444: 6440: 6432: 6428: 6420: 6416: 6410: 6403: 6399: 6391: 6387: 6379: 6375: 6367: 6363: 6355: 6351: 6345: 6333: 6326: 6319: 6312: 6304: 6299: 6292: 6285: 6278: 6271: 6264: 6257: 6252: 6245: 6238: 6231: 6224: 6219: 6216:Close states 6210:Pennsylvania 6060: 5997: 5934: 5871: 5839: 5812: 5780: 5753: 5748: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5668:Rhode Island 5630: 5605:Pennsylvania 5585: 5522: 5459: 5427: 5388: 5380: 5372: 5324: 5316: 5308: 5272: 5209: 5146: 5114: 5087: 5024: 4961: 4898: 4835: 4772: 4740: 4713: 4650: 4587: 4524: 4461: 4429: 4402: 4370: 4343: 4280: 4217: 4154: 4122: 4095: 4057: 3968:State Total 3897:Breckinridge 3870: 3864: 3684: 3683: 3638:Breckinridge 3615: 3547:Breckinridge 3511: 3498:Popular vote 3480: 3479: 3470:. Retrieved 3458: 3450:. Retrieved 3446: 3437: 3436: 3394: 3380: 3363: 3337: 3320: 3294: 3277: 3251: 3234: 3208: 3155: 3139: 3135: 3126: 3118: 3111: 3107: 3090:Thurlow Weed 3087: 3079: 3075: 3055: 3051: 3040: 3024: 3009: 2999: 2976: 2957:Inauguration 2956: 2926: 2917: 2893: 2889: 2885:Border South 2881: 2868: 2816: 2796: 2789: 2777: 2770: 2761: 2726: 2714: 2707: 2654: 2500: 2488: 2466: 2459: 2451:John Brown's 2443:Gerrit Smith 2441: 2429: 2419:Gerrit Smith 2417: 2390: 2362: 2342:Whig Parties 2338:Know Nothing 2331: 2310: 2286: 2262: 2238: 2215: 2192: 2155: 2130:U.S. Senator 2117:U.S. Senator 2088: 2087: 2081: 2080: 2034:Pennsylvania 2031: 2027: 2013: 2011:'s cabinet. 2002: 1995: 1981: 1971: 1954: 1944: 1927: 1917: 1893: 1872: 1834: 1820:U.S. Senator 1778: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1739: 1727: 1720: 1707: 1700: 1693: 1681:James Pearce 1677:Isaac Toucey 1650: 1626: 1598: 1574: 1551: 1527: 1504: 1481: 1457: 1413: 1375:U.S. Senator 1346: 1345: 1339: 1338: 1290: 1281: 1271: 1264: 1257: 1250: 1238: 1226:Please help 1221:verification 1218: 1201: 1177: 1169: 1165: 1148: 1136: 1132: 1125: 1114: 1089:Edward Bates 1073: 1050: 1026: 1007: 986:Edward Bates 984: 959: 943:Pennsylvania 935: 912: 888: 840: 832: 817:U.S. Senator 774: 773: 767: 766: 725: 695:inauguration 691: 639: 616: 583: 534: 532: 515: 511: 500: 496: 252: 239: 226: 213: 196: 147: 60: 29: 12983:Family tree 12921:Los Angeles 12655:Lincoln/Net 12055:(1847–1849) 12045:(1861–1865) 11903:Mississippi 11833:Connecticut 11518:Oregon 2022 11508:Alaska 2022 11492:Kansas 2018 11467:Hawaii 2014 11460:Alaska 2014 11367:Alaska 2006 11273:Alaska 1998 11236:Hawaii 1994 11226:Alaska 1994 11211:Oregon 1990 11191:Kansas 1990 11178:Alaska 1990 11142:Alaska 1986 11137:Hawaii 1982 11127:Alaska 1982 11107:Alaska 1978 11087:Nevada 1974 10842:Alaska 2020 10817:Kansas 2016 10797:Alaska 2016 10782:Kansas 2014 10715:Oregon 2008 10645:Kansas 2002 10640:Alaska 2002 10615:Alaska 1996 10575:Hawaii 1992 10565:Alaska 1992 10498:Nevada 1974 10493:Hawaii 1974 10444:Alaska 1968 10051:Swing state 9699:Mississippi 9609:Connecticut 9140:President: 9124:Conventions 9098:Sam Houston 9061:President: 9007:Joseph Lane 8996:President: 8949:John McLean 8902:President: 8382:Foner, Eric 8320:pp. 231-248 7940:, the 1912 7833:February 7, 7792:November 9, 7420:January 26, 6677:Fort Sumter 5107:Mississippi 4237:Connecticut 3940:Republican 3279:Joseph Lane 3200:Home state 3194:Percentage 3175:Home state 3094:Wide Awakes 2490:Sam Houston 2354:Sam Houston 2328:Gettysburg. 2217:Sam Houston 2138:(1853–1854) 2125:(1847–1859) 2023:Joseph Lane 1978:Mississippi 1946:Joseph Lane 1828:(1859–1861) 1815:(1857–1861) 1763:Joseph Lane 1665:Joseph Lane 1600:Howell Cobb 1529:Joseph Lane 1396:(1853–1857) 1383:(1847–1861) 1116:opposed to 1009:John McLean 812:(1847–1849) 722:Nominations 633:formed the 590:territories 397:Percentage 249:Percentage 204:Joseph Lane 13172:Categories 13072:John Hanks 12891:Cincinnati 12634:Legacy and 12417:and places 12072:Transition 12064:Presidency 11918:New Jersey 11828:California 11513:Idaho 2022 11487:Maine 2018 11472:Maine 2014 11422:Maine 2010 11417:Idaho 2010 11392:Texas 2006 11377:Maine 2006 11332:Maine 2002 11279:Maine 1998 11242:Maine 1994 11196:Maine 1990 11157:Maine 1986 11117:Maine 1978 11092:Texas 1974 11076:Maine 1974 11060:Texas 1972 11010:Idaho 1966 10965:Texas 1956 10945:Maine 1952 10863:Idaho 2022 10823:Maine 2018 10807:Idaho 2016 10753:Maine 2012 10705:Idaho 2008 10687:Maine 2006 10535:Maine 1978 10372:Maine 1952 9814:Washington 9734:New Mexico 9729:New Jersey 9599:California 9045:Convention 8980:Convention 8886:Convention 8009:0812291360 7927:0786422173 7907:1440842094 7676:Humanities 7376:. p. 7036:References 6855:in Florida 6746:John Hanks 6664:strychnine 6611:See also: 6195:California 6134:4,681,335 6094:1,006,583 6085:1,855,993 6061:no ballots 5998:no ballots 5935:no ballots 5872:no ballots 5840:no ballots 5813:no ballots 5781:no ballots 5704:no ballots 5699:no ballots 5694:no ballots 5631:no ballots 5586:no ballots 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11873:Louisiana 11726:Louisiana 11666:Guam 2018 11216:Utah 1992 11172:Utah 1988 10970:Utah 1956 10873:Utah 2022 10742:Utah 2010 10600:Ohio 1994 10585:Ohio 1992 10508:Utah 1974 10404:Utah 1958 9824:Wisconsin 9789:Tennessee 9694:Minnesota 9669:Louisiana 9063:John Bell 8384:(1995) . 8329:(1996) . 8241:John Bell 7881:. p. 289 7741:April 28, 7720:April 28, 7686:March 13, 7331:April 17, 7232:November. 7225:March 12, 7104:USA Today 6815:President 6798:President 6696:Tennessee 6688:John Bell 6470:- 100.00% 6458:- 100.00% 6446:- 100.00% 6434:- 100.00% 6422:- 100.00% 6381:- 100.00% 6369:- 100.00% 6357:- 100.00% 6166:Tennessee 6017:Wisconsin 5773:Tennessee 5044:Minnesota 4733:Louisiana 4031:electoral 4020:electoral 4009:electoral 3998:electoral 3987:electoral 3976:electoral 3953:John Bell 3793:Cartogram 3307:Tennessee 3296:John Bell 3181:Electoral 2934:Gasconade 2930:St. Louis 2559:Political 2347:John Bell 2199:Tennessee 2194:John Bell 2121:Tennessee 2066:John Bell 1582:Tennessee 687:John Bell 555:electoral 338:Tennessee 306:John Bell 240:1,865,908 13144:Category 13074:(cousin) 13050:(sister) 13038:(mother) 13032:(father) 12699:Currency 12672:Birthday 12266:Speeches 11973:Virginia 11923:New York 11908:Missouri 11893:Michigan 11883:Maryland 11868:Kentucky 11853:Illinois 11838:Delaware 11823:Arkansas 9919:Results 9809:Virginia 9759:Oklahoma 9739:New York 9714:Nebraska 9704:Missouri 9689:Michigan 9679:Maryland 9664:Kentucky 9644:Illinois 9614:Delaware 9604:Colorado 9594:Arkansas 9133:Nominees 9054:Nominees 8989:Nominees 8895:Nominees 8821:Archived 8786:Archived 8716:(1971), 8698:(1920). 8684:(1912). 8660:(1976). 8601:(1944). 8545:(2004). 8500:(2007). 8442:(2002). 8374:(1911). 8294:(2010). 8272:(2003). 8138:, 1953. 7986:Luthin, 7973:Potter, 7961:NY Times 7858:July 19, 7549:March 5, 7521:Archived 7407:(1866). 7189:32589068 7135:June 28, 7109:June 28, 7083:July 13, 7077:Archived 7058:CQ Press 7009:Douglas. 6900:Colorado 6861:nominee 6859:Populist 6715:See also 6701:Missouri 6600:- 85.07% 6588:- 85.44% 6576:- 87.88% 6564:- 88.54% 6552:- 96.96% 6535:- 84.21% 6523:- 84.68% 6511:- 84.72% 6499:- 87.35% 6487:- 93.78% 6405:- 87.88% 6393:- 88.13% 6200:Illinois 6183:Maryland 6171:Virginia 6161:Kentucky 6142:TO WIN: 6121:554,250 6112:590,268 6103:673,701 6079:TOTALS: 6071:152,179 6008:166,891 5954:Virginia 5876:-32,110 5823:146,106 5659:476,442 5644:178,871 5612:268,030 5533:432,862 5495:187,421 5486:221,809 5411:675,156 5396:312,510 5363:362,646 5356:New York 5347:121,215 5220:165,563 5166:Missouri 5151:-15,723 5035:154,549 4981:Michigan 4972:169,876 4925:106,684 4855:Maryland 4846:100,918 4724:146,216 4670:Kentucky 4661:128,739 4598:272,143 4560:115,509 4551:139,033 4535:339,666 4497:160,215 4488:172,171 4481:Illinois 4472:106,717 4300:Delaware 4228:119,885 4115:Arkansas 4100:-20,834 4075:00048669 4063:00013618 3472:July 31, 3452:July 27, 3350:Illinois 3311:590,901 3268:848,019 3264:Kentucky 3221:Illinois 3047:Far West 2811:Military 2751:Judicial 2585:Gag rule 2536:Economic 2486:Governor 2424:New York 2367:and the 2351:Governor 2317:Virginia 2245:Kentucky 2213:Governor 1924:Virginia 1900:New York 1558:New York 1511:Virginia 1488:Kentucky 1464:Illinois 1379:Illinois 1118:nativism 991:Missouri 957:Governor 919:New York 896:Illinois 833:Campaign 679:Kentucky 606:Southern 600:, was a 389:590,901 343:Illinois 302:Nominee 244:848,019 187:Kentucky 182:Illinois 144:Nominee 13156:Outline 13104:(horse) 13102:Old Bob 13062:(uncle) 12823:Statues 12406:Slavery 12252:Cabinet 12237:Pardons 11968:Vermont 11858:Indiana 11848:Georgia 11843:Florida 11818:Alabama 11736:Wyoming 10175:1788–89 10004:Related 9923:summary 9829:Wyoming 9804:Vermont 9709:Montana 9649:Indiana 9629:Georgia 9624:Florida 9589:Arizona 9579:Alabama 8754:(1965) 8708:online. 8535:(2017) 8408:excerpt 8331:Lincoln 8318:(2004) 8274:Lincoln 7170:Lincoln 6943:winner. 6916:Wyoming 6817:of the 6800:of the 6690:of the 6205:Indiana 6065:21,092 6033:65,021 6024:86,113 5988:74,481 5979:74,325 5970:16,198 5945:44,566 5939:25,159 5898:33,808 5891:Vermont 5882:63,004 5879:-50.97 5862:15,383 5853:47,454 5817:-4,631 5803:69,728 5794:65,097 5785:11,281 5714:19,951 5675:12,244 5653:89,159 5635:12,776 5621:16,765 5596:14,761 5527:34,388 5513:12,193 5504:11,303 5470:96,712 5464:-3,717 5450:45,129 5441:48,846 5405:50,136 5341:-4,523 5332:62,869 5299:58,346 5283:65,943 5277:11,632 5245:25,887 5236:37,519 5200:58,372 5191:31,362 5182:58,801 5173:17,028 5157:69,095 5154:-22.77 5137:25,045 5128:40,768 5098:34,787 5092:10,149 5060:11,920 5051:22,069 5029:23,561 4997:64,889 4988:88,450 4966:72,314 4952:22,331 4934:34,370 4909:92,502 4889:41,760 4880:42,482 4840:33,118 4808:29,693 4799:62,811 4783:50,510 4777:-2,477 4763:20,204 4754:22,681 4718:12,915 4704:66,058 4695:53,143 4686:25,651 4655:14,663 4623:55,639 4614:70,302 4592:23,524 4569:12,295 4544:Indiana 4529:11,956 4466:-9,216 4452:42,960 4443:52,176 4434:11,581 4422:Georgia 4413:13,301 4410:-26.13 4407:-3,476 4363:Florida 4354:16,115 4351:-21.41 4348:-3,451 4291:80,745 4285:28,057 4262:16,558 4253:17,364 4244:43,486 4199:33,975 4190:38,023 4181:38,734 4165:54,152 4162:-16.01 4159:-8,669 4145:20,063 4136:28,732 4106:90,122 4103:-23.11 4086:27,835 4077:48,669 4065:13,618 4050:Alabama 3965:Margin 3925:Everett 3909:Lincoln 3889:Johnson 3885:Douglas 3668: 3664:Douglas 3655: 3642: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3616:Lincoln 3577: 3564: 3551: 3538: 3534:Douglas 3523: 3520: 3517: 3512:Lincoln 3371:Georgia 3357:29.46% 3314:12.61% 3271:18.10% 3228:39.82% 2941:Results 2771:Amistad 2413:Former 2379:in the 2308:Senator 2306:Former 2284:Senator 2282:Former 2260:Senator 2258:Former 2236:Senator 2190:Senator 2188:Former 1969:Senator 1942:Senator 1914:Senator 1890:Senator 1888:Former 1605:Georgia 1572:Senator 1549:Senator 1547:Former 1525:Senator 1502:Senator 1477:Former 1455:Senator 1268:scholar 1077:Chicago 1048:Senator 1046:Former 1024:Senator 980:Former 933:Senator 910:Senator 884:Former 586:slavery 267: 109: 88:Turnout 13068:(aunt) 12990:(wife) 12975:Family 12836:statue 12764:mosaic 12750:(1960, 12650:Papers 12386:Poetry 12316:event) 12128:Affair 11938:Oregon 11721:Hawaii 11716:Alaska 9764:Oregon 9719:Nevada 9659:Kansas 9634:Hawaii 9584:Alaska 9208:Senate 8746:online 8718:online 8670: 8645:online 8632:online 8613: 8587: 8557: 8512: 8491:online 8475: 8454: 8426:ch. 6. 8418:online 8392: 8376:online 8360: 8337: 8304: 8280: 8210: 8188:(1990) 8168: 8142: 8113: 8028: 8007: 7990:p. 227 7925: 7905: 7885: 7653: 7592: 7444: 7384: 7303: 7276:. 1860 7252: 7216: 7187: 7177: 6908:Kansas 6124:11.84 6115:12.61 6106:14.39 6097:21.50 6088:39.65 6068:13.86 6036:42.73 6027:56.59 6005:-0.09 5991:44.63 5982:44.54 5961:1,887 5942:56.45 5916:1,866 5910:19.41 5907:8,649 5901:75.86 5865:24.50 5856:75.47 5820:-3.17 5806:47.72 5797:44.55 5711:22.74 5708:4,537 5687:38.63 5684:7,707 5678:61.37 5656:18.72 5647:37.54 5615:56.26 5570:34.37 5567:5,074 5561:27.99 5558:4,131 5552:36.20 5549:5,344 5542:Oregon 5498:43.30 5489:51.24 5467:-3.85 5453:46.66 5444:50.51 5432:2,737 5399:46.29 5366:53.71 5344:-3.74 5335:51.87 5302:48.13 5280:17.64 5254:2,125 5248:39.26 5239:56.90 5217:-0.26 5203:35.26 5194:18.94 5185:35.52 5176:10.28 5140:36.23 5119:3,282 5095:29.22 5063:34.31 5054:63.53 5032:15.24 5000:41.99 4991:57.23 4969:42.57 4955:13.15 4943:6,163 4937:20.23 4928:62.80 4906:-0.79 4892:45.14 4883:45.93 4871:5,966 4862:2,294 4843:32.82 4826:2,046 4817:6,368 4811:29.42 4802:62.24 4780:-4.90 4757:44.90 4748:15.10 4745:7,625 4721:-8.83 4707:45.18 4698:36.35 4689:17.54 4677:1,364 4658:11.39 4641:1,763 4632:1,035 4626:43.22 4617:54.61 4578:5,306 4563:42.44 4554:51.09 4515:4,914 4506:2,331 4500:47.17 4491:50.69 4469:-8.63 4455:40.26 4446:48.89 4437:10.85 4393:4,801 4387:62.23 4384:8,277 4337:24.13 4334:3,888 4328:45.54 4325:7,339 4316:1,066 4310:23.72 4307:3,822 4288:32.36 4271:3,337 4265:20.51 4256:21.50 4247:53.86 4208:9,136 4202:28.34 4193:31.72 4184:32.31 4148:37.05 4139:53.06 4127:5,357 4089:30.89 4068:15.11 4033:votes 4022:votes 4011:votes 4000:votes 3989:votes 3978:votes 3973:State 3958:Fusion 3913:Hamlin 3659:12.87% 3646:23.76% 3632:59.41% 3573:Others 3568:12.61% 3555:18.10% 3542:29.46% 3528:39.82% 3404:Total 3388:0.01% 3285:Oregon 3191:Count 3172:Party 3025:Since 2998: 2996: 2975:State 2773:affair 2687:Social 1951:Oregon 1824:Oregon 1721:While 1534:Oregon 1270: 1263: 1256: 1249: 1241: 1108:, and 681:. The 577:, and 475:orange 403:29.5% 400:12.6% 319:Party 257:18.1% 163:Party 91:81.8% 13110:(dog) 13014:(son) 13008:(son) 13002:(son) 12996:(son) 12755:1988) 12687:films 12573:opera 12415:Homes 12126:Trent 11963:Texas 11878:Maine 9794:Texas 9674:Maine 9639:Idaho 9203:House 7864:Only 7827:(PDF) 7812:(PDF) 7760:(PDF) 6914:, or 6904:Idaho 6865:. In 6772:Notes 6054:0.11 6045:0.58 6002:-156 5973:9.71 5964:1.13 5928:0.49 5919:4.19 5847:0.03 5832:Texas 5788:7.72 5638:2.68 5624:3.52 5593:1.83 5579:1.44 5530:7.94 5516:2.82 5507:2.61 5435:2.83 5408:7.42 5266:0.62 5257:3.22 5214:-429 5131:59.0 5122:4.75 5081:0.01 5072:2.15 5018:0.26 5009:0.52 4946:3.63 4903:-722 4874:6.45 4865:2.48 4829:2.03 4820:6.31 4792:Maine 4766:40.0 4680:0.93 4644:1.37 4595:8.65 4581:1.95 4572:4.52 4532:3.52 4518:1.45 4509:0.69 4396:36.1 4319:6.61 4274:4.13 4225:0.59 4211:7.62 4130:9.89 4080:54.0 3672:3.96% 3581:0.01% 3410:100% 3395:Other 3381:Other 3242:Maine 3183:vote 2511:Texas 2495:Texas 2422:from 2315:from 2291:from 2267:from 2243:from 2222:Texas 2132:from 2119:from 1976:from 1949:from 1922:from 1898:from 1822:from 1603:from 1580:from 1556:from 1532:from 1509:from 1486:from 1462:from 1377:from 1275:JSTOR 1261:books 1055:from 1031:from 989:from 941:from 917:from 894:from 821:Maine 819:from 604:with 471:green 253:39.8% 13108:Fido 12746:USS 12538:1864 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1860 United States presidential election

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