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1937 Romanian general election

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117: 592: 1161:. On 18 January 1938, less than a month after the elections, Goga asked Carol to dissolve Parliament. Carol granted the request, with a view toward holding fresh elections that winter. However, Carol became alarmed with overtures being made by the National Christian Party towards the Iron Guard, and on 10 February 1938 he sacked Goga after only 45 days in office, suspended the constitution, cancelled the elections, and seized emergency powers. Later that year Carol pushed through 328: 1403: 25: 335: 110: 446: 258: 248: 237: 227: 436: 604:
The members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected from multi-member constituencies with between two and twenty seats. Seats were allocated on a proportional basis, unless a party received over 40% of the vote nationally. If this happened, the party in question was awarded half of the seats in each
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remained the largest party, winning 152 of the 387 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 97 of the 112 the Senate seats. However, unlike all previous elections organised by partisan governments, the results did not give the governing party a majority. The National Liberals' unexpectedly poor showing
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prevented it from creating a government on its own (obtaining 40% of the vote would have automatically awarded them a large parliamentary majority). They ruled out a coalition with their arch-rivals, the second-placed
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was elected on 20 December, whilst the Senate was elected in three stages on 22, 28 and 30 December. Voting was by universal male vote, making them the last elections held before female suffrage was introduced.
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The Senate was elected on a plurality basis. Voters had to be at least 21 to vote in the Chamber elections and 25 to vote in Senate elections. Candidates for both bodies had to be at least 40 years old.
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constituency, with the other half divided proportionally amongst the all parties (including the victorious one), with an electoral threshold of 2%.
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that concentrated all power in his hands, effectively codifying his emergency powers and turning his government into a royal
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The campaign was marred by violent clashes between the two fascist groups, the National Christian Party's
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After the vote, the Electoral Commission surprised observers by deciding, in its allocation of seats by
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Kurt W. Treptow (1996) "Alegerile din decembrie 1937 şi instaurarea dictaturii regale" in
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As a result, the elections were the last free multi-party elections until
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The elections were the last elections held under the nominally democratic
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Roots of Hate: Anti-Semitism in Europe Before the Holocaust
1184:. By the time of the first elections after World War II in 1331:
Romanians Hope Free Elections Mark Revolution's Next Stage
1248:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 159. 635:, when four were killed and which led to 300 arrests. 595:
Results of the 1937 general elections at county level
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During the first round, clashes occurred at 1385: 1392: 1378: 1281:Background and Precursors to the Holocaust 1243: 590: 1305:Die Wahl der Parlamente: Band I: Europa 1267: 1265: 2316: 650: 1373: 1059: 1026: 1013: 1000: 987: 659: 568:'s Everything for the Country Party. 1349:, Centrul de Studii Româneşti, Iaşi 1262: 1216:Elections in Europe: A data handbook 1207: 1205: 1180:featured a single list from Carol's 580:finished fourth and had an avowedly 599: 13: 2329:Parliamentary elections in Romania 14: 2355: 1228: 1202: 576:to form a government, though his 1401: 1362:"Cabinet Aims to Rule Rumania", 1286: 1104:Everything for the Country Party 722:Everything for the Country Party 588:was formed on 29 December 1937. 445: 444: 434: 333: 326: 257: 256: 247: 246: 236: 235: 226: 225: 115: 108: 23: 1307:, Zweiter Halbband, pp1062–1064 1234:Nohlen & Stöver, p1610-1611 785:National Liberal Party–Brătianu 543:General elections were held in 1323: 1310: 1274: 1237: 435: 17:1937 Romanian general election 1: 1303:& Klaus Landfried (1978) 1195: 1152: 7: 1214:& Philip Stöver (2010) 1192:was rapidly consolidating. 1146:Source: Nohlen & Stöver 640:proportional representation 612: 564:, or with the third-placed 10: 2360: 1355:"4 Die as Rumania Votes", 1271:Nohlen & Stöver, p1582 1244:Brustein, William (2010). 1182:National Renaissance Front 645: 45:20 December 1937 2344:1937 elections in Romania 2230: 2108: 2063: 1793: 1733: 1418: 1408:Elections and referendums 1145: 1141: 1130: 1065: 1062: 1050: 1039: 1035: 1027:Registered voters/turnout 1022: 1009: 996: 983: 966: 671: 668: 665: 662: 494: 306: 89: 81: 67: 33: 21: 2324:1937 elections in Europe 1347:Romania and World War II 1089:National Peasants' Party 743:National Christian Party 701:National Peasants' Party 578:National Christian Party 562:National Peasants' Party 1420:Parliamentary elections 1359:, 21 December 1937, p18 1190:a fourth, Communist one 890:Social Democratic Party 806:Radical Peasants' Party 346:Corneliu Zelea Codreanu 1735:Presidential elections 1366:, 24 December 1937, p4 1074:National Liberal Party 1044:., Nohlen & Stöver 680:National Liberal Party 596: 557:National Liberal Party 547:in December 1937. The 594: 74:All 113 seats in the 69:All 387 seats in the 2339:December 1937 events 1176:. Elections held in 1040:Source: Sternberger 827:Agrarian Union Party 572:invited the fascist 1056: 1001:Invalid/blank votes 656: 651:Chamber of Deputies 549:Chamber of Deputies 383:Last election 167:Last election 71:Chamber of Deputies 18: 2065:European elections 1364:The New York Times 1357:The New York Times 1329:Reaves, Joseph A. 1163:a new constitution 1055: 655: 597: 509:Gheorghe Tătărescu 457:Popular vote 372:Leader since 269:Popular vote 156:Leader since 16: 2311: 2310: 1255:978-0-52177-478-9 1224:978-3-8329-5609-7 1159:1923 constitution 1150: 1149: 1048: 1047: 586:Goga's government 541: 540: 537: 536: 490: 489: 426:Seat change 222:Seat change 63: 62: 2351: 1406: 1405: 1394: 1387: 1380: 1371: 1370: 1352: 1338: 1327: 1321: 1314: 1308: 1293:Dolf Sternberger 1290: 1284: 1278: 1272: 1269: 1260: 1259: 1241: 1235: 1232: 1226: 1209: 1057: 1054: 657: 654: 600:Electoral system 497: 448: 447: 438: 437: 337: 330: 260: 259: 250: 249: 239: 238: 229: 228: 119: 112: 91: 90: 52: 50: 35: 34: 28: 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527:Octavian Goga 523: 522: 517: 515: 514: 510: 505: 503: 499: 498: 493: 486: 482: 480: 476: 473: 472: 469: 465: 463: 459: 456: 455: 452: 442: 433: 431: 428: 425: 424: 421: 417: 413: 411: 407: 403: 400: 399: 396: 392: 388: 385: 382: 381: 377: 374: 371: 370: 367: 364: 362: 359: 356: 355: 352: 351:Octavian Goga 349: 347: 344: 341: 340: 336: 332: 329: 325: 322: 321: 318:Fourth party 317: 314: 311: 310: 305: 302: 298: 296: 293: 290: 287: 286: 283: 279: 277: 274: 271: 268: 267: 264: 254: 245: 243: 233: 224: 221: 220: 217: 213: 209: 207: 204: 200: 197: 194: 191: 190: 187: 183: 179: 177: 173: 169: 166: 165: 161: 158: 155: 154: 151: 148: 146: 143: 140: 139: 136: 133: 131: 130: 129:Dinu Brătianu 126: 123: 122: 118: 114: 111: 107: 104: 103: 100:Second party 99: 96: 93: 92: 88: 84: 80: 77: 72: 66: 59: → 58: 55: 53: 43: 41: 38:←  37: 36: 32: 20: 2177: 2169:Transylvania 2168: 2124: 2115: 2097: 2052: 1782: 1722: 1617: 1363: 1356: 1346: 1325: 1317: 1312: 1304: 1288: 1280: 1276: 1245: 1239: 1230: 1215: 1171: 1167:dictatorship 1156: 1119:Magyar Party 1041: 869:German Party 848:Jewish Party 764:Magyar Party 637: 618: 616: 607: 603: 582:anti-Semitic 554: 542: 525: 518: 507: 500: 429: 315:Third party 291: 272: 202: 195: 127: 97:First party 44: 2231:Referendums 1014:Total votes 988:Valid votes 633:Târgu Mureş 474:Percentage 288:Percentage 135:Iuliu Maniu 2318:Categories 2283:2007 (Nov) 2278:2007 (May) 2258:1941 (Nov) 2253:1941 (Mar) 2154:1857 (Sep) 2149:1857 (Jul) 2116:Bessarabia 1513:1888 (Oct) 1508:1888 (Jan) 1438:1866 (Nov) 1433:1866 (Apr) 1196:References 625:Iron Guard 584:platform. 566:Iron Guard 49:1937-12-20 2178:Wallachia 1153:Aftermath 1030:4,649,163 1017:3,071,695 991:3,026,140 970:3,026,140 684:1,103,353 273:1,103,353 2125:Moldavia 1318:Fascists 1218:, p1591 623:and the 620:Lăncieri 613:Campaign 519:Elected 466:281,167 460:478,378 280:626,612 1412:Romania 1283:, p. 26 789:119,361 768:136,139 747:281,167 726:478,378 705:626,612 646:Results 545:Romania 477:15.81% 342:Leader 323:  312:  299:20.71% 124:Leader 105:  94:  82:Turnout 47: ( 1252:  1222:  1051:Senate 1020:100.00 1004:45,555 973:100.00 953:16,912 915:25,567 894:28,840 873:43,612 852:43,681 831:52,101 810:69,198 483:9.29% 357:Party 292:36.46% 174:/ 300 141:Party 85:66.07% 76:Senate 1131:Total 1063:Seats 1060:Party 1042:et al 1033:66.07 994:98.52 967:Total 934:1,219 729:15.81 708:20.71 687:36.46 669:Seats 663:Votes 660:Party 629:Orhei 418:/ 39 408:/ 66 393:/ 18 378:1935 375:1933 214:/ 86 184:/ 29 162:1937 159:1934 2303:2019 2298:2018 2293:2012 2288:2009 2273:2003 2268:1991 2263:1986 2248:1938 2243:1866 2238:1864 2222:1861 2217:1860 2212:1859 2207:1857 2202:1846 2197:1842 2192:1841 2187:1836 2182:1831 2173:1918 2164:1860 2159:1858 2144:1847 2139:1842 2134:1837 2129:1832 2120:1917 2099:2029 2093:2024 2088:2019 2083:2014 2078:2009 2073:2007 2054:2028 2048:2024 2043:2020 2038:2016 2033:2012 2028:2008 2023:2004 2018:2000 2013:1996 2008:1992 2003:1987 1998:1985 1993:1982 1988:1980 1983:1977 1978:1975 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1250:ISBN 1220:ISBN 1186:1946 1178:1939 1174:1990 1007:1.48 956:0.56 937:0.04 918:0.84 897:0.95 876:1.44 855:1.44 834:1.72 813:2.29 792:3.94 771:4.50 750:9.29 693:–148 631:and 555:The 240:148 170:105 57:1939 40:1933 1410:in 1169:. 1134:113 1111:New 1096:+10 1066:+/– 976:387 882:New 777:+11 756:+21 735:New 714:+57 690:152 672:+/– 531:PNC 513:PNL 449:21 430:New 366:PNC 361:TpȚ 261:57 251:10 210:10 203:152 150:PNȚ 145:PNL 2320:: 2180:: 2171:: 2127:: 2118:: 1333:. 1299:, 1295:, 1264:^ 1204:^ 1137:+5 1126:–1 1093:10 1081:–8 1078:97 840:–5 819:+3 798:+6 795:16 774:19 753:39 732:66 711:86 443:/ 439:0 414:0 404:4 389:0 386:– 255:/ 234:/ 230:8 201:/ 196:97 180:0 1393:e 1386:t 1379:v 1258:. 1123:2 1108:4 979:0 962:– 959:0 943:0 940:0 924:0 921:0 903:0 900:0 879:0 861:0 858:0 837:0 816:9 666:% 485:D 479:D 468:D 462:D 451:D 441:S 420:D 416:S 410:D 406:S 395:D 391:S 301:D 295:D 282:D 276:D 263:D 253:S 242:D 232:S 216:D 212:S 206:D 199:S 186:D 182:S 176:D 172:S 51:)

Index

1933
1939
Chamber of Deputies
Senate


Dinu Brătianu
Iuliu Maniu
PNL
PNȚ
S
D
S
D
S
D
S
D
S
D
S
D
D
D
D
D


Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
Octavian Goga

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