679:
7482:
200:
27:
621:
Majesty Queen
Elizabeth the Second, do hereby pledge ourselves in solemn covenant, throughout this our time of threatened calamity, to stand by one another in defending the Crown, and in using all means which may be found possible and necessary to defeat the present intention to set up a republic in South Africa. And in the event of a republic being forced upon us, we further solemnly and mutually pledge ourselves to refuse to recognise its authority. In sure confidence that God will defend the right, we hereto subscribe our names. GOD SAVE THE QUEEN.
95:
8071:
10498:
7668:
727:
215:
117:
359:
581:
7440:
6209:, a year ahead of schedule, to address the issue. In response, Verwoerd stirred up a confrontation, causing many members to threaten to withdraw if South Africa's renewal of membership application was accepted. As a result, South Africa's membership application was withdrawn, meaning that upon its becoming a republic on 31 May 1961, the country's Commonwealth membership simply lapsed.
6247:
7968:
469:. Strijdom stated that the matter of whether South Africa would be a republic inside or outside the Commonwealth would be decided "with a view to circumstances then prevailing". Like his precessor, Strijdom declared the party's belief that a republic could only be proclaimed on the basis "of the broad will of the people".
6467:
Under the new
Constitution, Afrikaans and English remained official languages, but the status of Afrikaans in relation to Dutch was altered; whereas the South Africa Act had made Dutch an official language alongside English, with Dutch defined to include Afrikaans under the Official Languages of the
6228:
I appeal to the
English-speaking people of South Africa not to allow themselves to be hurt, though I can feel their sadness. A framework has fallen away, but what is of greater importance is friendship and getting together as one nation – as white people who have to defend their future together. Now
6133:
A three-day general strike was called in protest at the declaration of a republic, but
Verwoerd responded by cancelling all police leaves, calling up 5,000 armed reservists of the Citizen Force, and ordering the arrest of thousands in black townships, although Mandela, by now head of the underground
698:
into bloody civil war following independence, which
Verwoerd warned might give rise to similar chaos in South Africa. It also argued that South Africa's links with the British monarchy led to confusion about the country's status, with one advertisement proclaiming: "Let us become a real republic now
481:
In 1960, Verwoerd announced plans to hold a whites-only referendum on the establishment of a republic, with a bill to that effect being introduced in
Parliament on 23 April of that year. The Referendum Act received assent on 3 June 1960. He stated that a simple majority in favour of the change would
346:
National culture and national welfare cannot unfold fully if the people of South Africa do not also constitutionally sever all foreign ties. After the cultural and economic needs, the
Afrikaner will have to devote his attention to the constitutional needs of our people. Added to that objective must
620:
Being convinced in our consciences that a republic would be disastrous to the material well-being of Natal as well as of the whole of South Africa, subversive of our freedom and destructive of our citizenship, we, whose names are underwritten, men and women of Natal, loyal subjects of Her
Gracious
6128:
The adoption of this part of the resolution did not mean that conference preferred a monarchy to a republican form of government. Such considerations were unimportant and irrelevant. The point at issue, and which was emphasised over and over again by delegates, was that a minority
Government had
6116:
attended by 1398 delegates from all over the country. It passed a resolution declaring that "no
Constitution or form of Government decided without the participation of the African people who form an absolute majority of the population can enjoy moral validity or merit support either within South
563:
It was not the Republic of South Africa that was told, 'We are not going to support you in this respect.' Those words were addressed to the monarchy of South Africa, and yet we have the same monarch as this person from Britain who addressed these words to us. It was a warning given to all of us,
476:
This has indeed been the basis of our struggle all these years: nationalism against imperialism. This has been the struggle since 1910: a republic as opposed to the monarchical connection... We stand unequivocally and clearly for the establishment of the republic in the correct manner and at the
6220:
remarked "how utterly alone and isolated our country has become", and called for another referendum on the republic issue, arguing that the end to Commonwealth membership had dramatically changed the situation. Commenting on the enthusiastic welcome Verwoerd received from his supporters on his
7906:
7089:
6084:
voted overwhelmingly against; in the constituencies of Durban North, Pinetown and Durban Musgrave, the vote against a republic was 89.7, 83.7 and 92.7 per cent respectively. Following the referendum result, Douglas Mitchell, the leader of the United Party in Natal, declared:
7468:
516:
In hopes of winning the support of those opposed to a republic, not only English-speaking whites but Afrikaners still supporting the United Party, Verwoerd proposed that constitutional changes would be minimal, with the Queen simply being replaced as head of state by a
714:("Our republic now, to keep South Africa white"). Another poster featured two clasped hands, with the slogan "Your people, my people, our republic", which would sometimes be vandalised by painting one of the hands black, producing the emblem of the non-racial
347:
be an entirely independent genuine, Afrikaans form of government for South Africa... a form of government which through its embodiment in our own personal head of state, bone of our bone, flesh of our flesh, will inspire us to irresistible unity and strength.
6416:, which did not feature the Queen's portrait on either notes or coinage, had been introduced on 14 February 1961, three months before the establishment of the Republic. Prior to its introduction, the government considered removing the Queen's head from the
403:
only, who would be "only responsible to God... for his deeds in the fulfilment of his duties", aided by a Community Council with exclusively advisory powers, while Afrikaans would be the first official language, with English as a supplemental language.
6584:
640:
Between May 1956 and June 1958, the anti-republican Freedom Radio, set up by John Lang, broadcast from the Natal Midlands, later resuming broadcasts shortly before the referendum in October 1960 until the proclamation of the republic in May 1961.
6455:
The National Party decided against having an executive presidency, instead adopting a minimalist approach, as a conciliatory gesture to whites who were opposed to a republic; the office did not become an executive post until 1984. Similarly, the
355:(or "Reunited National Party") which pledged to fight for "a free independent republic, separated from the British Crown and Empire", and "to remove, step by step, all anomalies which hamper the fullest expression of our national freedom".
6668:
8249:
8244:
635:
Not to vote against the Republic is to help those who would cut us loose from our moorings, and set us adrift in a treacherous and uncharted sea, at the very time that the winds of change are blowing up to hurricane
665:. Despite its opposition to the monarchy and the Commonwealth, the ANC sought to mobilise white and black opposition to the republic, seeing it as an attempt by Verwoerd to consolidate the white grip on power.
8259:
6089:
We in Natal will have no part or parcel of this Republic. We must resist, resist, and resist it - and the Nationalist Government. I have contracted Natal out of a republic on the strongest possible
8299:
8294:
8289:
8284:
8279:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8254:
7235:
7711:
6101:
from the Union, along with some parts of the eastern Cape Province. However, Mitchell rejected the idea of independence as "suicide", although he did not rule out asking for it in the future.
465:, also downplayed the republic issue, stating that no steps would be taken towards that end before 1958. However, he later reaffirmed his party's commitment to a republic, as well as a single
7835:
South African Treaties, Conventions, Agreements and State Papers, Subsisting on the 1st Day of September, 1898: Compiled by Order of the Right Honourable Sir J. Gordon Sprigg, Prime Minister
407:
On the matter of continued Commonwealth membership, the Broederbond's view was that "departure from the Commonwealth as soon as possible remains a cardinal aspect of our republican aim".
768:
republic', arguing that such a weighted electorate could not provide a valid test of opinion. An advertisement appealing to voters who might support a republic declared: "The issue is
757:, the party's leader, called on voters to reject a republic "so we can remain in the British Commonwealth and have its protection against Communism and hot-eyed African nationalism".
6104:
In a conciliatory gesture to English-speaking whites, and a recognition that some had supported him in the referendum, Verwoerd appointed two English-speaking members to his cabinet.
7794:
564:
English-speaking and Afrikaans-speaking, republican and anti-republican. It was clear to all of us that as far as these matters are concerned, we shall have to stand on our own feet.
6953:
6850:
6174:) availed themselves of this principle, and the National Party had not ruled out South Africa's continued membership of the Commonwealth were there a vote in favour of a republic.
612:, the League became the largest political organisation in Natal, with 28 branches across the province, with Selby calling for 80,000 signatories to the Covenant. Inspired by the
7454:
10307:
7889:
572:, the United Party's leader in Natal. Despite his opposition to Verwoerd's plans for a republic, Mitchell spoke in vehement opposition to many points of Macmillan's speech.
749:, with which it had privileged trade links, would be threatened and lead to greater isolation. One advertisement pointed out that access to Commonwealth markets was worth
8037:
7383:
7105:
8455:
6484:, commemorated on the second Monday in July, being replaced by Family Day, while Union Day, commemorating the establishment of the Union on 31 May, became Republic Day.
6895:
7753:
9085:
7654:
7177:
1122:, plus the United Party-held seat of Sunnyside in Pretoria), while a majority voted against in the other 52 (all held by the United Party or the Progressive Party).
422:
openly denounced the tour, proclaiming that "in the name of this monarchy, 27 000 Boer women and children were murdered for the sake of gold and their fatherland".
6436:
and that of the Union was that the State President was the ceremonial head of state, in place of the Queen and Governor-General. The title of "State President" (
6158:
allowed countries with a different head of state to join or remain in the Commonwealth, but only by unanimous consent of the other members. The governments of
6984:
6640:
6545:
10547:
9874:
8028:
6201:, indicated that his country, which was due to gain independence in 1961, would not join the Commonwealth were apartheid South Africa to remain a member. A
6598:
7833:
7811:
7708:
372:
That year, a Commission appointed by the Broederbond, met to draft a constitution for a republic; this included future National Party ministers, such as
6468:
Union Act in 1925, the 1961 Constitution reversed this by making Afrikaans an official language alongside English, defining Afrikaans to include Dutch.
9332:
9036:
8417:
7327:
7070:
6654:
6097:
Mitchell led a delegation from Natal seeking greater autonomy for the province, but without success. Other whites in Natal went as far as to call for
10477:
10411:
8059:
6740:
7934:
6758:
6682:
600:, while the Anti-Republican League organised public demonstrations. The League, founded by Arthur Selby, the Federal Party's chairman, launched the
10484:
7133:
6206:
6221:
return, Douglas Mitchell remarked "They are cheering because we have withdrawn from the world. Will they cheer when the world withdraws from us?"
9979:
9252:
9043:
8448:
7875:
8750:
10293:
10272:
10133:
9050:
694:
The pro-republic campaign focused on the need for white unity in the face of British decolonisation in Africa, and the eruption of the former
9895:
9245:
8352:
6573:
On 5 October 1960 a referendum was held in which White voters were asked "Do you support a republic for the Union?" — 52 percent voted 'Yes'.
6527:
6267:
6229:
there is a chance of standing together – one free country standing together on a basis which is the desire of friendship with Great Britain.
9811:
9727:
9182:
9161:
8398:
8067:
7084:
6504:
The total number of registered voters for constituencies is one less than the national figure, with the discrepancy in Transvaal Province.
10265:
9131:
9092:
7119:
6464:, despite its unpopularity among many Afrikaners, and a proposal to adopt a new design on the tenth anniversary of the republic in 1971.
6233:
Following the end of apartheid, South Africa rejoined the Commonwealth, thirty-three years to the day that the republic was established.
6202:
10502:
9944:
9300:
8921:
8441:
334:(or "Purified National Party") which advocated a South African republic under Afrikaner control. This had the support of the secretive
7861:
7207:
7066:
10537:
10328:
10189:
10112:
9402:
7847:
6967:
568:
Many English-speaking whites, who had regarded Britain as their spiritual home, felt disillusionment and a sense of loss, including
10470:
10258:
9993:
9325:
6612:
7682:
7422:
10251:
10098:
10056:
9804:
9685:
9268:
8803:
8741:
8403:
8334:
7772:
7585:
7555:
7523:
7401:
7038:
6790:
6171:
7602:
7281:
6881:
10562:
10542:
10349:
10314:
9832:
8377:
8372:
8367:
8362:
8357:
6626:
10223:
9790:
8884:
8236:
8052:
7820:
6923:
6344:
at its head, was replaced by a new mace with the coats of arms of the four provinces, as well as sailing ships and ox wagons.
596:-speaking majority of whites, there was strong anti-republican sentiment; in 1955, the small Federal Party issued a pamphlet
497:, were also on average younger than them, with a higher birth rate. Also included on the electoral roll were white voters in
485:
Before he was succeeded by Verwoerd as Prime Minister in 1958, Strijdom had lowered the voting age for whites from 21 to 18.
10527:
10439:
10230:
10140:
9762:
6461:
6129:
decided to proclaim a White Republic under which the living conditions of the African people would continue to deteriorate.
533:
466:
442:, instead favouring remaining in the Commonwealth, thereby appealing to Afrikaners who otherwise might have voted for the
10552:
10376:
10321:
10237:
10084:
9748:
9311:
8978:
8948:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8211:
8206:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
6776:
1119:
439:
7740:, The Natal Society's Annual Lecture delivered by the State Herald, Frederick Gordon Brownell, on Friday 27 March 1987,
10335:
10300:
10244:
9769:
9734:
9423:
8872:
8861:
6433:
271:
10119:
9986:
9965:
9923:
9465:
9138:
8083:
7508:
7484:
The Conservative Government and the End of Empire 1957-1964: Economics, international relations, and the Commonwealth
7355:
7159:
7023:
6941:
6395:
6337:
556:
509:
in the territory outnumbered English-speaking whites, and were strong supporters of the National Party. In addition,
10049:
9888:
9057:
8971:
8914:
8045:
6981:
6864:
6417:
6163:
1115:
761:
653:, but saw the new constitution as a direct rejection of the principle of one person, one vote, as expressed in the
1101:
878:
604:
in opposition to the plans for a republic, signed by 33,000 Natalians. Drawing cheering crowds of 2,000 people in
10279:
10042:
9958:
9839:
9825:
9797:
9064:
9008:
7920:
6477:
6275:
649:
Black South Africans, who were denied a vote in the referendum, were not against the establishment of a republic
518:
9217:
6056:
voted decisively in favour, as did those in South West Africa. On the eve of the establishment of the republic,
10028:
9937:
9692:
9451:
8344:
6909:
1118:
parliamentary constituencies, a majority voted for a republic in 104 (all 103 won by the National Party in the
316:
7808:
7735:
7299:
7265:
7249:
7191:
6937:
551:, in which he spoke of the inevitability of decolonisation in Africa, and appeared critical of South Africa's
10557:
10532:
10182:
10168:
10091:
9972:
9930:
9909:
9783:
9346:
8992:
8714:
6759:
STRIJDOM DETAILS REPUBLIC POLICY; South African Chief Pledges One Flag, One People, but Will Retain Race Laws
6327:
431:
312:
235:
9224:
6836:
702:
One campaign poster used the slogan "To re-unite and keep South Africa white, a republic now" on posters in
410:
During the visit to South Africa by King George VI and his family in 1947, the Afrikaans-language newspaper
10446:
10390:
10216:
10105:
10077:
10014:
9706:
9564:
8422:
7573:
6741:
STRIJDOM ABATES ZEAL FOR REPUBLIC; Premier Says He Will Not Try to Change South Africa's Status Before 1958
6488:, which was commemorated on 24 May, but had come to be seen as an anachronism, had been abolished in 1952.
6481:
6352:
continued to display a crown, which had only been added to the arms in 1954, although this was neither the
715:
9231:
7500:
Monarchy and the End of Empire: The House of Windsor, the British Government, and the Postwar Commonwealth
7369:
7221:
10383:
10286:
10161:
10070:
9916:
9275:
7948:
6401:
6387:
742:
734:
462:
443:
7623:
9853:
9374:
9282:
9238:
9015:
8893:
8792:
8032:
7723:
7303:
7269:
7253:
7195:
3290:
1001:
544:
331:
7758:, Volume 27, Faculty of Military Science (Military Academy), University of Stellenbosch, 1997, page 71
6376:
10522:
10397:
10035:
9867:
9860:
9818:
9532:
9479:
9367:
9318:
9099:
8757:
8075:
7429:
6323:
6064:
Our republic is the inevitable fulfilment of God's plan for our people... a plan formed in 1652 when
678:
658:
352:
205:
6600:
Ethnic Nationalism and State Power: The Rise of Irish Nationalism, Afrikaner Nationalism and Zionism
472:
On becoming Prime Minister in 1958, Verwoerd gave a speech to Parliament in which he declared that:
387:
In 1942, details of a draft republican constitution were published in Afrikaans-language newspapers
10209:
9472:
9124:
6255:
414:, of which Verwoerd was editor, ignored the royal tour, making reference only to "busy streets" in
267:
247:
6696:
6120:
It called for a National Convention, and the organising of mass demonstrations on the eve of what
9846:
9741:
9608:
9458:
9339:
9071:
8854:
8764:
7922:
State of South Africa; Economic, Financial and Statistical Yearbook for the Union of South Africa
7541:
6143:
746:
540:
7852:, Orange Free State. Commission at the International Exhibition, Philadelphia, 1876, pages 10-12
7341:
7052:
601:
9416:
9381:
8583:
7388:
6445:
6404:" (On Her Majesty's Service), used on official mail, was replaced with "On Government Service".
6357:
6271:
6217:
6198:
6049:
754:
730:
569:
482:
be decisive, although minimal changes would be made to the existing constitutional structures.
292:
7637:
7149:
7013:
6560:
9951:
9881:
9776:
9671:
9525:
9175:
8955:
8868:
8663:
8483:
7498:
7286:
6659:, Deon Geldenhuys, South African Institute of International Affairs, Macmillan, 1984, page 31
6476:
The change in South Africa's constitutional status also resulted in changes to the country's
6349:
753:
200 000 000 a year. Another proclaimed "You need friends. Don't let Verwoerd lose them all".
593:
450:. This decision to downplay the republic question and focus on race issues was influenced by
335:
304:
255:
6808:
6112:
On 25 March 1961, in response to the referendum, the ANC held an All-In African Congress in
9699:
9585:
9353:
9289:
9022:
8785:
8778:
8730:
8513:
6391:
6383:
6363:
Other references to the monarchy had been removed before the establishment of a republic:
6353:
6341:
6155:
494:
263:
6068:
arrived at the Cape... for which the defeat of our republics in 1902 was a necessary step.
254:. The National Party government subsequently organised the referendum on whether the then
8:
10154:
10126:
10000:
9518:
9511:
9444:
9409:
9360:
8840:
8647:
7459:, David Elliot Cohen, John D. Battersby, Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2009, page 61
6421:
750:
323:
7329:
Christian Nationalism and the Rise of the Afrikaner Broederbond in South Africa, 1918-48
6614:
Christian Nationalism and the Rise of the Afrikaner Broederbond in South Africa, 1918-48
6278:. Swart had been elected as State President by Parliament by 139 votes to 71, defeating
199:
8847:
7419:
6822:
6763:
6745:
6413:
6372:
6315:
6304:
6151:
3920:
1067:
513:
were no longer enfranchised as voters and were not eligible to vote in the referendum.
6628:
Oxwagon Sentinel: Radical Afrikaner Nationalism and the History of the 'Ossewabrandwag
6216:
past, along with the recreation of the Boer republics on a larger scale. By contrast,
6124:
described as "the unwanted republic", if the government failed to call one. He wrote:
10432:
10418:
9755:
9571:
9395:
8985:
8575:
8505:
7504:
7155:
7019:
6969:
Power, Pride & Prejudice: The Years of Afrikaner Nationalist Rule in South Africa
6449:
6301:
Oaths of allegiance were no longer to the Queen, but to the Republic of South Africa.
6279:
6053:
3729:
1034:
662:
498:
296:
8433:
8029:
Various Referendum campaign posters for and against becoming a republic. Dated 1960.
7796:
The South African flag book: the history of South African flags from Dias to Mandela
6701:, Book 4, Bill Nasson, Rob Siebörger, Institute for Justice and Reconciliation, 2004
10356:
9720:
9430:
9210:
8900:
8655:
8623:
8559:
6723:
6319:
6113:
6065:
745:
actively campaigned for a 'No' vote, arguing that South Africa's membership of the
703:
609:
536:
506:
490:
451:
373:
319:
8023:
8014:
8005:
7996:
9678:
9592:
9486:
9154:
9078:
8999:
8723:
8607:
8599:
8591:
8567:
7815:
7715:
7607:
7426:
7093:
6988:
6333:
654:
613:
455:
419:
270:—was narrowly approved by 52.29% of the voters. The Republic of South Africa was
7302:, Various Referendum campaign posters for and against becoming a republic 1960,
7268:, Various Referendum campaign posters for and against becoming a republic 1960,
7252:, Various Referendum campaign posters for and against becoming a republic 1960,
7194:, Various Referendum campaign posters for and against becoming a republic 1960,
10425:
10147:
10021:
9664:
9578:
9261:
9203:
9196:
9189:
8907:
8833:
8679:
8639:
7893:
7589:
7560:
7067:
Whirlwind, Hurricane, Howling Tempest: The Wind of Change and the British World
6869:, Ali AlʼAmin Mazrui, Michael Tidy, Heinemann Educational Books, 1984, page 162
6409:
6379:(His Majesty's South African Ship) had been changed to SAS (South African Ship)
6308:
6194:
6121:
6081:
2789:
968:
589:
530:
521:, the office of which would be a ceremonial post rather than an executive one.
395:
377:
364:
339:
288:
251:
8019:
8010:
8001:
7992:
6727:
726:
381:
10516:
10342:
10063:
9168:
9147:
9117:
9110:
8819:
8011:
South Africa Inaugurates First President AKA Republic Day South Africa (1961)
6263:
6077:
6073:
6045:
1172:
935:
695:
627:
300:
239:
7877:
South Africa's Foreign Policy: The Search for Status and Security, 1945-1988
6810:
The Rise of Afrikanerdom: Power, Apartheid, and the Afrikaner Civil Religion
214:
10007:
9616:
9437:
9388:
8551:
8465:
8070:
7781:
7528:
6795:
6259:
6098:
631:, the province's daily English-language newspaper warned its readers that:
415:
399:, which provided for a State President, elected by white citizens known as
243:
227:
8418:
Elections and referendums in the Boer republics and South African colonies
9600:
8543:
6368:
6213:
435:
358:
8020:
Dr. Verwoerd Makes A Statement As South Africa Becomes A Republic (1961)
7124:, Ronald Hyam, Peter Henshaw, Cambridge University Press, 2003, page 301
6687:, Ronald Hyam, Peter Henshaw, Cambridge University Press, 2003, page 280
438:, came to power, although it did not campaign for a republic during the
10175:
9713:
8826:
8771:
8631:
8615:
7975:
7955:
7121:
The Lion and the Springbok: Britain and South Africa Since the Boer War
7107:
A Life for Freedom: The Mission to End Racial Injustice in South Africa
6993:
6900:, Newell M. Stultz, University of California Press, 1974, pp. 160-1 161
6684:
The Lion and the Springbok: Britain and South Africa Since the Boer War
6485:
6457:
486:
389:
9634:
9625:
9556:
8962:
8939:
8928:
7043:, Paul Singer Thompson, Southern Book Publishers, 1990, pages 154-156
6441:
6322:. However, some institutions retained the "Royal" title, such as the
6295:
6190:
6186:
707:
552:
548:
447:
327:
308:
231:
7696:
6866:
Nationalism and New States in Africa: From about 1935 to the Present
682:
Ballot paper used in the referendum. Ballot reads on the upper row:
10404:
9902:
9547:
8671:
8528:
6928:, David Harrison, University of California Press, 1983, pp. 160-161
6159:
6147:
510:
259:
7524:
South Africa Vote Indicates Nation Will Break Ties To Commonwealth
6813:, T. Dunbar Moodie, University of California Press, 1975, page 283
6394:, or replaced with the Union Lion from the crest of the country's
580:
8812:
7776:
7406:
502:
458:, which was in alliance with the National Party in the election.
7866:, David Harrison, University of California Press, 1983, page 161
7346:, Paul Singer Thompson, Southern Book Publishers, 1990, page 167
7096:, South African Democracy Education Trust, Zebra, 2004, page 216
6958:, David Harrison, University of California Press, 1983, page 163
6781:, Amry Vandenbosch, University Press of Kentucky, 2015, page 180
6645:, Newell M Stultz, University of California Press, 1974, page 82
6250:
Charles R Swart, last Governor General and first State President
6246:
9539:
8695:
8474:
7072:
The Wind of Change: Harold Macmillan and British Decolonization
7057:, Issues 14-18, South African Historical Society, 1982, page 90
6914:, Kenneth A. Heard, Oxford University Press, 1974, ages 102-115
6886:, T. Davenport, C. Saunders, Palgrave Macmillan, 2000, page 416
6714:
Reid, B. L. (1982). "The Anti-Republican League of the 1950s".
6656:
The Diplomacy of Isolation: South African Foreign Policy Making
6360:, used by previous British monarchs, but a distinctive design.
6182:
605:
584:
Durban City Hall, where the Natal Covenant was launched in 1955
222:, 7 October 1960, announcing republican victory by 70,000 votes
7911:, Vernon V. Palmer, Cambridge University Press, 2001, page 141
8687:
7110:, Denis Goldberg, University Press of Kentucky, 2015, page 50
6167:
6224:
In a speech made following the announcement, Verwoerd said:
7659:, Volume 125, Justice of the Peace Limited, 1961, page 1875
7318:, Kenneth A. Heard, Oxford University Press, 1974, page 116
7182:, Roger B. Beck, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000, page 147
7015:
An Irish Empire?: Aspects of Ireland and the British Empire
6778:
South Africa and the World: The Foreign Policy of Apartheid
6532:
6189:
state's membership as an affront to the organisation's new
6178:
7925:, Closer Union Society, Da Gama Publishers, 1961, page 127
7240:, James P. Barber, Oxford University Press, 1973, page 120
368:
and later Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958 to 1966
7880:, James Barber, John Barratt, CUP Archive, 1990, page 292
7360:, Terry Wilks, King & Wilks Publishers, 1980, page 42
6444:) was previously used for the heads of state of both the
6076:
there was a smaller majority, despite the removal of the
764:
appealed to supporters of the proposed change to 'reject
489:, who were more likely to favour the National Party than
7138:, Government Print and Stationery Office, 1960, page 666
6841:, Government Print. and Stationery Office, 1960, page xi
6282:, the former Chief Justice, favoured by the Opposition.
6212:
Many Afrikaners welcomed this as a clean break with the
7628:, Anthony Hocking, Macdonald South Africa, 1977, page 8
7343:
Natalians First: Separatism in South Africa, 1909-1961
7040:
Natalians First: Separatism in South Africa, 1909-1961
8463:
8423:
Elections and referendums in South African Bantustans
7908:
Mixed Jurisdictions Worldwide: The Third Legal Family
6827:, William Henry Vatcher, Praeger, 1965, pages 171-172
6314:
The "Royal" title was dropped from the names of some
772:
monarchy or republic but democracy or dictatorship".
6631:, Christoph Marx, LIT Verlag Münster, 2009, page 405
6150:
with the British monarch as head of state. The 1949
7371:
Architect of Apartheid: H.F. Verwoerd, an Appraisal
7209:
Architect of Apartheid: H.F. Verwoerd, an Appraisal
555:policies. This prompted Verwoerd to declare in the
7799:, A. P. Burgers, Protea Book House, 2008, page 166
7546:, Michael Attwell, Sidgwick & Jackson, page 97
7075:, L. Butler, S. Stockwell, Springer, 2013, page 55
6241:
575:
7018:. Manchester University Press. pp. 199–201.
6356:, with which the Queen had been crowned, nor the
10514:
7656:Justice of the Peace and Local Government Review
7487:, Ronald Hyam, Stationery Office, 2000, page 409
7154:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 101.
7086:The Road to Democracy in South Africa: 1960-1970
6877:
6875:
351:In 1940, Malan, along with Hertzog, founded the
238:, which had come to power in 1948, was avowedly
226:A referendum on becoming a republic was held in
9253:Storming of the Kempton Park World Trade Centre
7849:Sketch of the Orange Free State of South Africa
7574:Douglas Mitchell (1896-1988): A Personal Memoir
7250:YOU WILL SUFFER IF WE LOSE COMMONWEALTH MARKETS
6824:White Laager: The Rise of Afrikaner Nationalism
6673:, Graham Leach, Macmillan London, 1989, page 37
6177:However, the Commonwealth by 1960 included new
425:
7332:, Charles Bloomberg, Macmillan, 1989, page xxi
6855:, J J N Cloete, J.L. van Schaik, 1985, page 49
712:Ons republiek nou, om Suid-Afrika blank te hou
688:ARE YOU IN FAVOUR OF A REPUBLIC FOR THE UNION?
684:IS U TEN GUNSTE VAN 'N REPUBLIEK VIR DIE UNIE?
644:
418:. By contrast, the newspaper of the far-right
65:Are you in favour of a Republic for the Union?
8449:
8053:
7939:, Part 2, Government Printer, 1961, page 1046
7603:South Africa returns to the Commonwealth fold
6897:Afrikaner Politics in South Africa, 1934-1948
6872:
6642:Afrikaner Politics in South Africa, 1934-1948
6348:Despite the change to republican status, the
6285:
10548:South Africa and the Commonwealth of Nations
7316:General Elections in South Africa, 1943-1970
6911:General Elections in South Africa: 1943-1970
6236:
6142:Originally every independent country in the
6589:, Department of Information, 1986, page 131
673:
8456:
8442:
8060:
8046:
7838:, W. A. Richards & Sons, 1898, page 48
7724:Parliament of the Republic of South Africa
7619:
7617:
7490:
7473:, Nelson Mandela, Heinemann, 1973, page 91
7007:
7005:
7003:
721:
282:
8076:Elections and referendums in South Africa
7699:of Royal Society of South Africa web site
7687:, Jack Vincent, J. Vincent, 1988, page 38
7384:Secession Talked by Some Anti-Republicans
7151:Rethinking the Rise and Fall of Apartheid
6427:
699:rather than remain betwixt and between".
505:. As in South Africa, the Afrikaners and
9326:Reconstruction and Development Programme
7936:Statutes of the Republic of South Africa
7237:South Africa's Foreign Policy, 1945-1970
6617:, Charles Bloomberg, Macmillan, page 159
6432:The most notable difference between the
6386:had been removed from the badges of the
6298:" were replaced by those to "the State".
6245:
6203:Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference
6137:
1109:
725:
677:
579:
524:
357:
213:
8922:1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike
7614:
7596:
7442:Nelson Mandela: The Struggle Is My Life
7374:, Henry Kenney, J. Ball, 1980, page 202
7212:, Henry Kenney, J. Ball, 1980, page 199
7173:
7171:
7011:
7000:
6972:, Henry Kenney J. Ball Publishers, 1991
6709:
6707:
6550:, J. Paxton, 1976, Macmillan, page 1289
3919:
3289:
2788:
1171:
1102:Government Gazette Extraordinary (6557)
10515:
9403:2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike
7768:
7766:
7764:
7650:
7648:
7543:South Africa: Background to the Crisis
7496:
7147:
6603:, M. Suzman, Macmillan, 2016, page 151
6523:
6521:
6290:Other symbolic changes also occurred:
3728:
1099:
295:(also known as the Transvaal) and the
19:1960 South African republic referendum
8437:
8041:
7456:Nelson Mandela: A Life in Photographs
7306:Institutional Repository, 17 May 2013
7272:Institutional Repository, 17 May 2013
7256:Institutional Repository, 17 May 2013
7198:Institutional Repository, 17 May 2013
7135:Statutes of the Union of South Africa
6838:Statutes of the Union of South Africa
6784:
865:
854:
843:
832:
784:
461:Malan's successor as Prime Minister,
7993:South Africa Votes Republican (1960)
7168:
6713:
6704:
6460:remained a feature of the country's
6134:movement, managed to escape arrest.
686:in Afrikaans and on the bottom row:
262:. The vote, which was restricted to
9333:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
8979:Coloured-vote constitutional crisis
7761:
7684:Web of Experience: An Autobiography
7645:
7576:, Natalia, Volume 19, 1989, page 64
7549:
7282:Fresh Attack In Britain On Verwoerd
7275:
6518:
529:Earlier, in February of that year,
242:and regarded the position of Queen
13:
7673:, David M. Walker, 1980, page 1162
7445:, Popular Prakashan, 1990, page 97
7192:NOW IS THE TIME FOR OUR REPUBLIC!!
6471:
625:On the day of the referendum, the
616:of 1912, the Natal Covenant read:
266:—the first such national election
14:
10574:
10485:Pan Africanist Congress of Azania
10120:South African Party (Cape Colony)
7986:
7642:, Volume 78, Juta, 1961, page 249
7556:Decision to quit was "inevitable"
7357:The Biography of Douglas Mitchell
6670:Afrikaners: Their Last Great Trek
6547:The Statesman's Year-Book 1975-76
6107:
6039:
303:sentiment remained strong in the
10538:Events associated with apartheid
10497:
10496:
8069:
7970:Debates of the House of Assembly
7950:Debates of the House of Assembly
7497:Murphy, Philip (December 2013).
7054:South African Historical Journal
6938:Winds of Change secrets revealed
6716:South African Historical Journal
198:
115:
93:
25:
10134:South African Party (1977–1980)
10127:South African Party (1911–1934)
10043:Progressive Party (Cape Colony)
9840:Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners
7962:
7942:
7928:
7914:
7900:
7883:
7869:
7855:
7841:
7827:
7802:
7788:
7747:
7729:
7702:
7690:
7676:
7662:
7631:
7579:
7567:
7535:
7517:
7476:
7462:
7448:
7434:
7413:
7395:
7377:
7363:
7349:
7335:
7321:
7309:
7293:
7259:
7243:
7229:
7215:
7201:
7185:
7141:
7127:
7113:
7099:
7078:
7060:
7046:
7032:
6975:
6961:
6947:
6931:
6917:
6903:
6889:
6858:
6844:
6830:
6816:
6802:
6770:
6752:
6734:
6690:
6676:
6662:
6498:
6242:Inauguration of State President
6117:Africa or beyond its borders".
576:Opposition to republic in Natal
9452:2019 service delivery protests
9438:#FeesMustFall student protests
9183:1983 constitutional referendum
6883:South Africa: A Modern History
6648:
6634:
6620:
6606:
6592:
6578:
6563:. South African History Online
6553:
6539:
6185:members, whose rulers saw the
886:
338:organisation, whose chairman,
287:Despite the defeat of the two
1:
10563:October 1960 events in Africa
10543:Republicanism in South Africa
9910:Johannesburg Reform Committee
9139:Israel–South Africa Agreement
8532:
8517:
8494:
8487:
6511:
6328:Royal Society of South Africa
6268:Governor General of the Union
6258:was declared on 31 May 1961,
6093:grounds that I can enunciate.
598:The Case Against the Republic
277:
9565:Black Consciousness Movement
9319:Government of National Unity
7223:The Central African Examiner
6434:Constitution of the Republic
6034:
592:, the only province with an
426:National Party in government
362:Hendrik Verwoerd, editor of
7:
10528:Referendums in South Africa
9276:Saint James Church massacre
9162:Weapons of mass destruction
7809:From Van Riebeeck to Madiba
7773:South African Republicanism
7670:The Oxford Companion to Law
7503:. Oxford: OUP. p. 74.
7179:The History of South Africa
6852:Parliaments of South Africa
6791:South African Republicanism
6400:In 1958, the inscription '"
6274:, took office as the first
668:
645:Black South African opinion
10:
10579:
10553:Constitutional referendums
9016:1957 Alexandra bus boycott
8894:South West Africa campaign
8793:Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814
8758:French Huguenot settlement
8033:University of South Africa
7402:Natal Told Not to Be Hasty
7304:University of South Africa
7270:University of South Africa
7254:University of South Africa
7196:University of South Africa
6561:"Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd"
6286:Legal and heraldic changes
6001:
5970:
5939:
5908:
5877:
5846:
5815:
5784:
5753:
5722:
5691:
5660:
5629:
5598:
5567:
5536:
5505:
5474:
5443:
5412:
5381:
5350:
5319:
5288:
5257:
5226:
5195:
5164:
5133:
5102:
5071:
5040:
5009:
4978:
4947:
4916:
4885:
4854:
4823:
4792:
4761:
4730:
4699:
4668:
4637:
4606:
4575:
4544:
4513:
4482:
4451:
4420:
4389:
4358:
4327:
4296:
4265:
4234:
4203:
4172:
4141:
4110:
4079:
4048:
4017:
3986:
3955:
3924:
3888:
3857:
3826:
3795:
3764:
3733:
3697:
3666:
3635:
3604:
3573:
3542:
3511:
3480:
3449:
3418:
3387:
3356:
3325:
3294:
3258:
3227:
3196:
3165:
3134:
3103:
3072:
3041:
3010:
2979:
2948:
2917:
2886:
2855:
2824:
2793:
2757:
2726:
2695:
2664:
2633:
2602:
2571:
2540:
2509:
2478:
2447:
2416:
2385:
2354:
2323:
2292:
2261:
2230:
2199:
2168:
2137:
2106:
2075:
2044:
2013:
1982:
1951:
1920:
1889:
1858:
1827:
1796:
1765:
1734:
1703:
1672:
1641:
1610:
1579:
1548:
1517:
1486:
1455:
1424:
1393:
1362:
1331:
1300:
1269:
1238:
1207:
1176:
1066:
1033:
1000:
967:
934:
775:
332:Gesuiwerde Nasionale Party
10494:
10471:African National Congress
10460:
10366:
10199:
9931:Liberal Party (1953–1968)
9654:
9645:
9503:
9299:
9269:1992 apartheid referendum
8938:
8883:
8802:
8740:
8713:
8706:
8472:
8412:
8386:
8343:
8235:
8082:
7863:The White Tribe of Africa
7639:South African Law Journal
7430:African National Congress
6955:The White Tribe of Africa
6925:The White Tribe of Africa
6728:10.1080/02582478208671568
6698:Turning Points in History
6324:Royal Natal National Park
6237:Establishment of Republic
6197:, then Chief Minister of
6156:India becoming a republic
3104:Pietermaritzburg District
1152:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
915:
910:
907:
902:
899:
896:
893:
876:
866:Registered voters/turnout
828:
817:
806:
795:
790:
787:
659:African National Congress
353:Herenigde Nasionale Party
197:
188:
173:Registered voters/turnout
87:
84:
75:
70:
63:
39:
23:
9924:Labour Party (1969–1994)
9917:Labour Party (1910–1958)
9473:2020 Phala Phala Robbery
9431:#RhodesMustFall protests
9030:1960 republic referendum
8002:South Africa Goes (1961)
7814:20 February 2020 at the
7625:South African Government
6982:The Bell Tolls In Africa
6491:
6256:Republic of South Africa
322:when it merged with the
10369:terrorist organisations
9459:2019 Johannesburg riots
9072:Constructive engagement
9037:International isolation
8855:Witwatersrand Gold Rush
7726:, January–February 2013
7714:5 November 2016 at the
7470:No Easy Walk to Freedom
7420:All-In African Congress
7148:Guelke, Adrian (2005).
7092:12 October 2016 at the
7012:Jeffery, Keith (1996).
6987:26 October 2016 at the
6528:South Africa: A War Won
6318:regiments, such as the
283:Afrikaner republicanism
230:on 5 October 1960. The
144:Invalid or blank votes
9382:Attack on Kennedy Road
8993:Congress of the People
8584:South African Republic
7709:The Mace of Parliament
7425:9 October 2016 at the
7389:Saskatoon Star-Phoenix
6446:South African Republic
6428:Constitutional changes
6251:
6231:
6218:Sir De Villiers Graaff
6131:
6095:
6070:
2572:Transkeian Territories
2200:Port Elizabeth Central
755:Sir De Villiers Graaff
738:
731:Sir De Villiers Graaff
691:
661:and its allies in the
638:
623:
585:
570:Douglas Edgar Mitchell
566:
479:
369:
349:
293:South African Republic
234:-dominated right-wing
223:
9952:Natal Indian Congress
9672:Afrikaner Broederbond
9526:Afrikaner nationalism
9312:1994 general election
9283:Bophuthatswana crisis
9176:Church Street bombing
8956:Apartheid legislation
8949:1948 general election
8869:South Africa Act 1909
8664:Union of South Africa
8484:Kingdom of Mapungubwe
8464:Political history of
7287:Sydney Morning Herald
6350:coat of arms of Natal
6294:Legal references to "
6249:
6226:
6138:Commonwealth reaction
6126:
6087:
6062:
6044:Whites in the former
3326:Bloemfontein District
3135:Pietermaritzburg City
1120:1958 general election
1110:By electoral division
729:
681:
633:
618:
583:
561:
525:Wind of Change speech
474:
361:
344:
336:Afrikaner Broederbond
305:Union of South Africa
256:Union of South Africa
248:South African monarch
217:
10558:Monarchy referendums
10533:1960 in South Africa
9586:Greater South Africa
9424:2014 platinum strike
9290:Shell House massacre
9218:Transkei coup d'état
9023:Sharpeville massacre
8786:Battle of Blaauwberg
8779:Battle of Muizenberg
8731:Battle of Salt River
8514:Mthethwa Paramountcy
8237:Provincial elections
7226:, Volume 4, page 177
2231:Port Elizabeth South
2169:Port Elizabeth North
454:, the leader of the
10478:Democratic Alliance
9655:Civic and political
9519:Afrikaner Calvinism
9512:African nationalism
9361:African Renaissance
9051:UNSC Resolution 591
8972:Internal resistance
8873:National Convention
8841:Transvaal Civil War
8765:Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars
8648:Orange River Colony
8345:Municipal elections
7897:, 12 September 1968
7824:, 12 September 2012
7755:Scientiae Militaria
6749:, 15 September 1955
6422:South African pound
4855:Lydenburg—Barberton
2262:Port Elizabeth West
1735:King William’s Town
844:Invalid/blank votes
781:
324:South African Party
252:British imperialism
20:
9225:Ciskei coup d'état
9044:UN Resolution 1761
9009:Women's March 1956
8862:South African Wars
8848:Mineral Revolution
7959:, 1952, page 10231
7300:YOUR VOTE IS VITAL
7069:, Stuart Ward, in
6942:Independent Online
6767:, 20 December 1955
6764:The New York Times
6746:The New York Times
6373:South African Navy
6316:South African Army
6260:Queen Elizabeth II
6252:
6152:London Declaration
5351:Pretoria—Sunnyside
4607:Johannesburg North
4328:Germiston District
1580:Hottentots-Holland
879:Government Gazette
780:
739:
692:
586:
370:
307:among Afrikaners.
224:
18:
10510:
10509:
10463:political parties
10456:
10455:
10433:Orde van die Dood
10050:Progressive Party
9756:Congress Alliance
9572:Cape Independence
9504:Political culture
9499:
9498:
9466:COVID-19 pandemic
9396:Marikana massacre
9232:Venda coup d'état
8986:Defiance Campaign
8576:Orange Free State
8506:Dutch Cape Colony
8431:
8430:
8084:General elections
7979:, 1952, page 1495
7785:, 30 January 1958
7737:Heraldry In Natal
7410:, 11 October 1960
7392:, 11 October 1960
6799:, 30 January 1958
6450:Orange Free State
6354:St Edward's Crown
6338:House of Assembly
6080:franchise, while
6054:Orange Free State
6032:
6031:
5227:Pretoria District
3987:Bethal-Middelburg
3730:South-West Africa
3419:Fauresmith—Boshof
3388:Bloemfontein West
3357:Bloemfontein East
3291:Orange Free State
3042:Natal South Coast
1952:East London North
1642:Cape Town Gardens
1173:Cape of Good Hope
1116:House of Assembly
1107:
1106:
1035:South-West Africa
1002:Orange Free State
936:Cape of Good Hope
884:
883:
762:Progressive Party
710:, the slogan was
663:Congress Alliance
657:, drafted by the
557:House of Assembly
499:South West Africa
477:appropriate time.
297:Orange Free State
212:
211:
184:
183:
54:
53:
10570:
10523:1960 referendums
10500:
10499:
10487:
10480:
10473:
10449:
10442:
10435:
10428:
10421:
10414:
10407:
10400:
10393:
10386:
10379:
10367:Paramilitary and
10359:
10357:Umkosi Wezintaba
10352:
10345:
10338:
10331:
10324:
10317:
10310:
10303:
10296:
10289:
10282:
10275:
10268:
10261:
10254:
10247:
10240:
10233:
10226:
10219:
10212:
10202:social movements
10200:Trade unions and
10192:
10185:
10178:
10171:
10164:
10157:
10150:
10143:
10136:
10129:
10122:
10115:
10108:
10101:
10094:
10087:
10080:
10073:
10066:
10059:
10052:
10045:
10038:
10031:
10024:
10017:
10010:
10003:
9996:
9989:
9982:
9975:
9968:
9961:
9954:
9947:
9940:
9933:
9926:
9919:
9912:
9905:
9898:
9891:
9884:
9877:
9870:
9863:
9856:
9849:
9842:
9835:
9828:
9821:
9814:
9807:
9800:
9793:
9786:
9779:
9772:
9765:
9758:
9751:
9744:
9737:
9730:
9723:
9721:Boerestaat Party
9716:
9709:
9702:
9695:
9688:
9681:
9674:
9667:
9652:
9651:
9638:
9629:
9620:
9611:
9604:
9595:
9588:
9581:
9574:
9567:
9560:
9551:
9542:
9535:
9528:
9521:
9514:
9492:
9482:
9475:
9468:
9461:
9454:
9447:
9440:
9433:
9426:
9419:
9412:
9405:
9398:
9391:
9384:
9377:
9370:
9363:
9356:
9349:
9342:
9335:
9328:
9321:
9314:
9292:
9285:
9278:
9271:
9264:
9255:
9248:
9241:
9234:
9227:
9220:
9213:
9211:Dakar Conference
9206:
9199:
9192:
9185:
9178:
9171:
9164:
9157:
9150:
9141:
9134:
9132:Israeli alliance
9127:
9120:
9113:
9102:
9095:
9088:
9086:Sporting boycott
9081:
9074:
9067:
9060:
9058:Academic boycott
9053:
9046:
9039:
9032:
9025:
9018:
9011:
9002:
8995:
8988:
8981:
8974:
8965:
8958:
8951:
8931:
8924:
8917:
8915:Great Depression
8910:
8903:
8901:Maritz rebellion
8896:
8876:
8864:
8857:
8850:
8843:
8836:
8829:
8822:
8815:
8795:
8788:
8781:
8774:
8767:
8760:
8753:
8751:Dutch settlement
8733:
8726:
8724:Bantu migrations
8711:
8710:
8699:
8691:
8683:
8675:
8667:
8659:
8656:Transvaal Colony
8651:
8643:
8635:
8627:
8624:Nieuwe Republiek
8619:
8611:
8603:
8595:
8587:
8579:
8571:
8563:
8560:Natalia Republic
8555:
8547:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8529:Ndwandwe Kingdom
8524:
8522:
8519:
8509:
8501:
8499:
8496:
8492:
8489:
8458:
8451:
8444:
8435:
8434:
8074:
8073:
8062:
8055:
8048:
8039:
8038:
7980:
7966:
7960:
7946:
7940:
7932:
7926:
7918:
7912:
7904:
7898:
7887:
7881:
7873:
7867:
7859:
7853:
7845:
7839:
7831:
7825:
7806:
7800:
7792:
7786:
7770:
7759:
7751:
7745:
7733:
7727:
7706:
7700:
7694:
7688:
7680:
7674:
7666:
7660:
7652:
7643:
7635:
7629:
7621:
7612:
7600:
7594:
7586:The New Republic
7583:
7577:
7571:
7565:
7553:
7547:
7539:
7533:
7532:, 6 October 1960
7521:
7515:
7514:
7494:
7488:
7480:
7474:
7466:
7460:
7452:
7446:
7438:
7432:
7417:
7411:
7399:
7393:
7381:
7375:
7367:
7361:
7353:
7347:
7339:
7333:
7325:
7319:
7313:
7307:
7297:
7291:
7290:, 3 October 1960
7279:
7273:
7266:YOU NEED FRIENDS
7263:
7257:
7247:
7241:
7233:
7227:
7219:
7213:
7205:
7199:
7189:
7183:
7175:
7166:
7165:
7145:
7139:
7131:
7125:
7117:
7111:
7103:
7097:
7082:
7076:
7064:
7058:
7050:
7044:
7036:
7030:
7029:
7009:
6998:
6979:
6973:
6965:
6959:
6951:
6945:
6944:, 5 October 2012
6935:
6929:
6921:
6915:
6907:
6901:
6893:
6887:
6879:
6870:
6862:
6856:
6848:
6842:
6834:
6828:
6820:
6814:
6806:
6800:
6788:
6782:
6774:
6768:
6756:
6750:
6738:
6732:
6731:
6711:
6702:
6694:
6688:
6680:
6674:
6666:
6660:
6652:
6646:
6638:
6632:
6624:
6618:
6610:
6604:
6596:
6590:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6570:
6568:
6557:
6551:
6543:
6537:
6525:
6505:
6502:
6482:Queen's Birthday
6340:, featuring the
6320:Natal Carbineers
6307:became known as
6305:Queen's Counsels
6272:Charles R. Swart
6114:Pietermaritzburg
6066:Jan van Riebeeck
5320:Pretoria Central
1983:East London City
1394:De Aar—Colesberg
1125:
1124:
891:
890:
782:
779:
733:, leader of the
610:Pietermaritzburg
537:Harold Macmillan
374:Hendrik Verwoerd
320:J. B. M. Hertzog
274:on 31 May 1961.
258:should become a
202:
193:
192:
174:
119:
118:
97:
96:
77:
76:
59:
58:
41:
40:
35:
34:
30:
29:
28:
21:
17:
10578:
10577:
10573:
10572:
10571:
10569:
10568:
10567:
10513:
10512:
10511:
10506:
10490:
10483:
10476:
10469:
10462:
10452:
10445:
10438:
10431:
10424:
10417:
10410:
10403:
10396:
10389:
10382:
10375:
10368:
10362:
10355:
10348:
10341:
10334:
10327:
10320:
10313:
10306:
10299:
10292:
10285:
10278:
10271:
10264:
10257:
10250:
10243:
10236:
10229:
10222:
10215:
10208:
10201:
10195:
10188:
10181:
10174:
10167:
10160:
10153:
10146:
10139:
10132:
10125:
10118:
10111:
10104:
10097:
10090:
10083:
10076:
10069:
10062:
10055:
10048:
10041:
10034:
10027:
10020:
10013:
10006:
9999:
9992:
9985:
9978:
9971:
9964:
9957:
9950:
9943:
9936:
9929:
9922:
9915:
9908:
9901:
9894:
9887:
9880:
9873:
9868:HNP (Herstigte)
9866:
9861:HNP (Herenigde)
9859:
9852:
9845:
9838:
9831:
9824:
9817:
9810:
9803:
9796:
9789:
9782:
9775:
9768:
9761:
9754:
9747:
9740:
9733:
9726:
9719:
9712:
9705:
9698:
9691:
9684:
9679:Afrikaner Party
9677:
9670:
9663:
9656:
9647:
9641:
9632:
9623:
9614:
9607:
9598:
9593:Honorary whites
9591:
9584:
9577:
9570:
9563:
9554:
9545:
9538:
9531:
9524:
9517:
9510:
9495:
9485:
9478:
9471:
9464:
9457:
9450:
9443:
9436:
9429:
9422:
9415:
9408:
9401:
9394:
9387:
9380:
9373:
9366:
9359:
9354:Soweto bombings
9352:
9345:
9338:
9331:
9324:
9317:
9310:
9302:
9295:
9288:
9281:
9274:
9267:
9260:
9251:
9244:
9237:
9230:
9223:
9216:
9209:
9202:
9195:
9188:
9181:
9174:
9167:
9160:
9155:Soweto Uprising
9153:
9146:
9137:
9130:
9123:
9116:
9109:
9098:
9091:
9084:
9079:Tar Baby Option
9077:
9070:
9063:
9056:
9049:
9042:
9035:
9028:
9021:
9014:
9007:
9000:Freedom Charter
8998:
8991:
8984:
8977:
8970:
8961:
8954:
8947:
8934:
8927:
8920:
8913:
8906:
8899:
8892:
8879:
8867:
8860:
8853:
8846:
8839:
8832:
8825:
8818:
8811:
8798:
8791:
8784:
8777:
8770:
8763:
8756:
8749:
8736:
8729:
8722:
8702:
8694:
8686:
8678:
8670:
8662:
8654:
8646:
8638:
8630:
8622:
8614:
8606:
8600:Griqualand West
8598:
8592:Griqualand East
8590:
8582:
8574:
8566:
8558:
8550:
8542:
8535:
8527:
8520:
8512:
8504:
8497:
8490:
8482:
8468:
8462:
8432:
8427:
8408:
8382:
8339:
8231:
8078:
8068:
8066:
7989:
7984:
7983:
7967:
7963:
7947:
7943:
7933:
7929:
7919:
7915:
7905:
7901:
7888:
7884:
7874:
7870:
7860:
7856:
7846:
7842:
7832:
7828:
7816:Wayback Machine
7807:
7803:
7793:
7789:
7771:
7762:
7752:
7748:
7734:
7730:
7716:Wayback Machine
7707:
7703:
7695:
7691:
7681:
7677:
7667:
7663:
7653:
7646:
7636:
7632:
7622:
7615:
7608:The Independent
7601:
7597:
7584:
7580:
7572:
7568:
7564:, 19 March 1961
7554:
7550:
7540:
7536:
7522:
7518:
7511:
7495:
7491:
7481:
7477:
7467:
7463:
7453:
7449:
7439:
7435:
7427:Wayback Machine
7418:
7414:
7400:
7396:
7382:
7378:
7368:
7364:
7354:
7350:
7340:
7336:
7326:
7322:
7314:
7310:
7298:
7294:
7280:
7276:
7264:
7260:
7248:
7244:
7234:
7230:
7220:
7216:
7206:
7202:
7190:
7186:
7176:
7169:
7162:
7146:
7142:
7132:
7128:
7118:
7114:
7104:
7100:
7094:Wayback Machine
7083:
7079:
7065:
7061:
7051:
7047:
7037:
7033:
7026:
7010:
7001:
6989:Wayback Machine
6980:
6976:
6966:
6962:
6952:
6948:
6936:
6932:
6922:
6918:
6908:
6904:
6894:
6890:
6880:
6873:
6863:
6859:
6849:
6845:
6835:
6831:
6821:
6817:
6807:
6803:
6789:
6785:
6775:
6771:
6757:
6753:
6739:
6735:
6712:
6705:
6695:
6691:
6681:
6677:
6667:
6663:
6653:
6649:
6639:
6635:
6625:
6621:
6611:
6607:
6597:
6593:
6583:
6579:
6566:
6564:
6559:
6558:
6554:
6544:
6540:
6526:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6508:
6503:
6499:
6494:
6478:public holidays
6474:
6472:Public holidays
6462:flag until 1994
6438:Staatspresident
6430:
6309:Senior Counsels
6288:
6276:State President
6266:, and the last
6244:
6239:
6140:
6110:
6042:
6037:
5692:Vanderbijl Park
5289:Pretoria—Rissik
5072:North West Rand
5041:North East Rand
2856:Durban—Musgrave
1704:Kimberley South
1673:Kimberley North
1149:
1141:
1112:
912:
904:
889:
778:
741:The opposition
724:
676:
671:
655:Freedom Charter
647:
614:Ulster Covenant
578:
527:
519:State President
456:Afrikaner Party
428:
420:Ossewa Brandwag
311:broke with the
285:
280:
208:
191:
190:
189:
172:
116:
94:
82:
66:
57:
56:
55:
33:
32:
31:
26:
24:
12:
11:
5:
10576:
10566:
10565:
10560:
10555:
10550:
10545:
10540:
10535:
10530:
10525:
10508:
10507:
10495:
10492:
10491:
10489:
10488:
10481:
10474:
10466:
10464:
10458:
10457:
10454:
10453:
10451:
10450:
10443:
10436:
10429:
10426:Ossewabrandwag
10422:
10415:
10408:
10401:
10394:
10387:
10380:
10372:
10370:
10364:
10363:
10361:
10360:
10353:
10346:
10339:
10332:
10325:
10318:
10311:
10304:
10297:
10290:
10283:
10276:
10269:
10262:
10255:
10248:
10241:
10234:
10227:
10220:
10213:
10205:
10203:
10197:
10196:
10194:
10193:
10186:
10179:
10172:
10169:Unionist Party
10165:
10158:
10151:
10148:Torch Commando
10144:
10137:
10130:
10123:
10116:
10109:
10102:
10095:
10088:
10081:
10074:
10067:
10060:
10053:
10046:
10039:
10032:
10025:
10022:Orde Boerevolk
10018:
10011:
10004:
9997:
9990:
9983:
9976:
9969:
9962:
9955:
9948:
9941:
9934:
9927:
9920:
9913:
9906:
9899:
9892:
9885:
9878:
9871:
9864:
9857:
9850:
9843:
9836:
9829:
9822:
9815:
9808:
9801:
9798:DP (1989–2000)
9794:
9791:DP (1973–1977)
9787:
9784:Dominion Party
9780:
9773:
9766:
9759:
9752:
9745:
9738:
9731:
9724:
9717:
9710:
9703:
9696:
9689:
9682:
9675:
9668:
9665:Afrikaner Bond
9660:
9658:
9649:
9643:
9642:
9640:
9639:
9630:
9621:
9612:
9605:
9596:
9589:
9582:
9579:Day of the Vow
9575:
9568:
9561:
9552:
9543:
9536:
9529:
9522:
9515:
9507:
9505:
9501:
9500:
9497:
9496:
9494:
9493:
9483:
9476:
9469:
9462:
9455:
9448:
9441:
9434:
9427:
9420:
9413:
9406:
9399:
9392:
9385:
9378:
9371:
9364:
9357:
9350:
9347:Floor crossing
9343:
9336:
9329:
9322:
9315:
9307:
9305:
9297:
9296:
9294:
9293:
9286:
9279:
9272:
9265:
9262:Bisho massacre
9258:
9257:
9256:
9242:
9235:
9228:
9221:
9214:
9207:
9204:Operation Vula
9200:
9197:Rubicon speech
9193:
9190:Langa massacre
9186:
9179:
9172:
9165:
9158:
9151:
9144:
9143:
9142:
9128:
9121:
9114:
9107:
9106:
9105:
9104:
9103:
9096:
9082:
9075:
9068:
9061:
9054:
9047:
9033:
9026:
9019:
9012:
9005:
9004:
9003:
8989:
8982:
8975:
8968:
8967:
8966:
8952:
8944:
8942:
8936:
8935:
8933:
8932:
8925:
8918:
8911:
8908:Rand Rebellion
8904:
8897:
8889:
8887:
8881:
8880:
8878:
8877:
8865:
8858:
8851:
8844:
8837:
8834:Boer Republics
8830:
8823:
8816:
8808:
8806:
8800:
8799:
8797:
8796:
8789:
8782:
8775:
8768:
8761:
8754:
8746:
8744:
8738:
8737:
8735:
8734:
8727:
8719:
8717:
8708:
8704:
8703:
8701:
8700:
8692:
8684:
8680:Bophuthatswana
8676:
8668:
8660:
8652:
8644:
8640:Klein Vrystaat
8636:
8628:
8620:
8612:
8604:
8596:
8588:
8580:
8572:
8564:
8556:
8548:
8540:
8525:
8510:
8502:
8479:
8477:
8470:
8469:
8461:
8460:
8453:
8446:
8438:
8429:
8428:
8426:
8425:
8420:
8413:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8390:
8388:
8384:
8383:
8381:
8380:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8349:
8347:
8341:
8340:
8338:
8337:
8332:
8327:
8322:
8317:
8312:
8307:
8302:
8297:
8292:
8287:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8252:
8247:
8241:
8239:
8233:
8232:
8230:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8189:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8088:
8086:
8080:
8079:
8065:
8064:
8057:
8050:
8042:
8036:
8035:
8026:
8017:
8008:
7999:
7988:
7987:External links
7985:
7982:
7981:
7961:
7941:
7927:
7913:
7899:
7894:Glasgow Herald
7882:
7868:
7854:
7840:
7826:
7801:
7787:
7760:
7746:
7728:
7701:
7689:
7675:
7661:
7644:
7630:
7613:
7595:
7590:Glasgow Herald
7578:
7566:
7561:The Sun-Herald
7548:
7534:
7516:
7509:
7489:
7475:
7461:
7447:
7433:
7412:
7394:
7376:
7362:
7348:
7334:
7320:
7308:
7292:
7274:
7258:
7242:
7228:
7214:
7200:
7184:
7167:
7160:
7140:
7126:
7112:
7098:
7077:
7059:
7045:
7031:
7024:
6999:
6997:, 5 March 1960
6974:
6960:
6946:
6930:
6916:
6902:
6888:
6871:
6857:
6843:
6829:
6815:
6801:
6783:
6769:
6751:
6733:
6703:
6689:
6675:
6661:
6647:
6633:
6619:
6605:
6591:
6577:
6552:
6538:
6516:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6507:
6506:
6496:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6473:
6470:
6429:
6426:
6412:currency, the
6406:
6405:
6398:
6380:
6346:
6345:
6330:
6312:
6302:
6299:
6287:
6284:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6195:Julius Nyerere
6166:) and, later,
6139:
6136:
6122:Nelson Mandela
6109:
6108:Black reaction
6106:
6058:Die Transvaler
6046:Boer republics
6041:
6040:White reaction
6038:
6036:
6033:
6030:
6029:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6009:
6006:
6003:
5999:
5998:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5980:
5977:
5972:
5968:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5949:
5946:
5941:
5937:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5924:
5921:
5918:
5915:
5910:
5906:
5905:
5902:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5890:
5887:
5884:
5879:
5875:
5874:
5871:
5868:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5853:
5848:
5844:
5843:
5840:
5837:
5834:
5831:
5828:
5825:
5822:
5817:
5813:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5803:
5800:
5797:
5792:
5789:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5778:
5775:
5772:
5769:
5766:
5763:
5760:
5755:
5751:
5750:
5747:
5744:
5741:
5738:
5735:
5732:
5729:
5724:
5720:
5719:
5716:
5713:
5710:
5707:
5704:
5701:
5698:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5685:
5682:
5679:
5676:
5673:
5668:
5665:
5662:
5658:
5657:
5654:
5651:
5648:
5645:
5642:
5639:
5636:
5631:
5627:
5626:
5623:
5620:
5617:
5614:
5611:
5606:
5603:
5600:
5596:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5577:
5574:
5569:
5565:
5564:
5561:
5558:
5555:
5552:
5549:
5546:
5543:
5538:
5534:
5533:
5530:
5527:
5524:
5521:
5518:
5513:
5510:
5507:
5503:
5502:
5499:
5496:
5493:
5490:
5487:
5484:
5481:
5476:
5472:
5471:
5468:
5465:
5462:
5459:
5456:
5453:
5450:
5445:
5441:
5440:
5437:
5434:
5431:
5428:
5425:
5422:
5419:
5414:
5410:
5409:
5406:
5403:
5400:
5397:
5394:
5391:
5388:
5383:
5379:
5378:
5375:
5372:
5369:
5366:
5363:
5360:
5357:
5352:
5348:
5347:
5344:
5341:
5338:
5335:
5332:
5329:
5326:
5321:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5296:
5293:
5290:
5286:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5276:
5273:
5270:
5267:
5264:
5259:
5255:
5254:
5251:
5248:
5245:
5242:
5239:
5236:
5233:
5228:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5217:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5205:
5202:
5197:
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5192:
5189:
5186:
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5180:
5177:
5174:
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5146:
5141:
5138:
5135:
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5124:
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5115:
5110:
5107:
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5078:
5073:
5069:
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5065:
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5048:
5045:
5042:
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5034:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5022:
5019:
5016:
5011:
5007:
5006:
5003:
5000:
4997:
4994:
4991:
4988:
4985:
4980:
4976:
4975:
4972:
4969:
4966:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4954:
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4935:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4918:
4914:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4879:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4825:
4821:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4794:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4768:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4752:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4740:
4737:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4701:
4697:
4696:
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4690:
4687:
4684:
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4676:
4673:
4670:
4666:
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4639:
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4614:
4611:
4608:
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4600:
4597:
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4377:
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4371:
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4360:
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4343:
4340:
4335:
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4325:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4298:
4294:
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4290:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4259:
4256:
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4232:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4205:
4201:
4200:
4197:
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4188:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4174:
4170:
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4160:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4143:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4089:
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4081:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4050:
4046:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
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3934:
3931:
3926:
3923:
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3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3890:
3886:
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3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3859:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3774:
3771:
3766:
3762:
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3758:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3740:
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3732:
3726:
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3722:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3699:
3695:
3694:
3691:
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3679:
3676:
3673:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3637:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3544:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3513:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3420:
3416:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3327:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3296:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2949:Durban Central
2946:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2911:
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2902:
2899:
2894:
2891:
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2884:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2441:
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2435:
2432:
2429:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2383:
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2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
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2042:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
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1987:
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1953:
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1911:
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1801:
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1598:
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1527:
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1477:
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1471:
1468:
1465:
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1395:
1391:
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1378:
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1369:
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1360:
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1302:
1298:
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1288:
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1271:
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1198:
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1189:
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1162:
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1132:
1129:
1111:
1108:
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1097:
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1090:
1087:
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1078:
1075:
1070:
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1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1004:
998:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
977:
974:
971:
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949:
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851:
848:
845:
841:
840:
837:
834:
830:
829:
826:
825:
822:
819:
815:
814:
811:
808:
804:
803:
800:
797:
793:
792:
789:
786:
777:
774:
723:
720:
675:
674:"Yes" campaign
672:
670:
667:
646:
643:
602:Natal Covenant
577:
574:
534:Prime Minister
526:
523:
507:ethnic Germans
432:National Party
427:
424:
412:Die Transvaler
396:Die Transvaler
378:Albert Hertzog
365:Die Transvaler
340:L J du Plessis
317:Prime Minister
313:National Party
289:Boer Republics
284:
281:
279:
276:
250:as a relic of
236:National Party
220:Die Transvaler
218:Front page of
210:
209:
203:
195:
194:
186:
185:
182:
181:
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86:
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73:
72:
68:
67:
64:
61:
60:
52:
51:
49:
47:5 October 1960
44:
37:
36:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10575:
10564:
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10554:
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10475:
10472:
10468:
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10459:
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10437:
10434:
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10427:
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10413:
10409:
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10399:
10395:
10392:
10388:
10385:
10381:
10378:
10374:
10373:
10371:
10365:
10358:
10354:
10351:
10347:
10344:
10343:Die Spoorbund
10340:
10337:
10333:
10330:
10326:
10323:
10319:
10316:
10312:
10309:
10305:
10302:
10298:
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10225:
10221:
10218:
10214:
10211:
10207:
10206:
10204:
10198:
10191:
10187:
10184:
10183:Workers Party
10180:
10177:
10173:
10170:
10166:
10163:
10159:
10156:
10152:
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10103:
10100:
10096:
10093:
10089:
10086:
10082:
10079:
10075:
10072:
10068:
10065:
10064:Radio Freedom
10061:
10058:
10054:
10051:
10047:
10044:
10040:
10037:
10033:
10030:
10026:
10023:
10019:
10016:
10015:Oranjewerkers
10012:
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10005:
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9998:
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9690:
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9683:
9680:
9676:
9673:
9669:
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9662:
9661:
9659:
9657:organisations
9653:
9650:
9648:organisations
9644:
9637:
9636:
9631:
9628:
9627:
9622:
9619:
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9481:
9477:
9474:
9470:
9467:
9463:
9460:
9456:
9453:
9449:
9446:
9445:Tshwane riots
9442:
9439:
9435:
9432:
9428:
9425:
9421:
9418:
9414:
9411:
9407:
9404:
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9208:
9205:
9201:
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9191:
9187:
9184:
9180:
9177:
9173:
9170:
9169:Project Coast
9166:
9163:
9159:
9156:
9152:
9149:
9148:Mafeje affair
9145:
9140:
9136:
9135:
9133:
9129:
9126:
9122:
9119:
9118:Durban Moment
9115:
9112:
9111:Rivonia Trial
9108:
9101:
9097:
9094:
9090:
9089:
9087:
9083:
9080:
9076:
9073:
9069:
9066:
9065:Disinvestment
9062:
9059:
9055:
9052:
9048:
9045:
9041:
9040:
9038:
9034:
9031:
9027:
9024:
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9017:
9013:
9010:
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8990:
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8859:
8856:
8852:
8849:
8845:
8842:
8838:
8835:
8831:
8828:
8824:
8821:
8820:1820 Settlers
8817:
8814:
8810:
8809:
8807:
8805:
8801:
8794:
8790:
8787:
8783:
8780:
8776:
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8058:
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8044:
8043:
8040:
8034:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8024:British Pathé
8021:
8018:
8016:
8015:British Pathé
8012:
8009:
8007:
8006:British Pathé
8003:
8000:
7998:
7997:British Pathé
7994:
7991:
7990:
7978:
7977:
7973:, Volume 77,
7972:
7971:
7965:
7958:
7957:
7953:, Volume 76,
7952:
7951:
7945:
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7931:
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7743:
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7710:
7705:
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7693:
7686:
7685:
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7672:
7671:
7665:
7658:
7657:
7651:
7649:
7641:
7640:
7634:
7627:
7626:
7620:
7618:
7611:, 31 May 1994
7610:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7593:, 30 May 1961
7592:
7591:
7587:
7582:
7575:
7570:
7563:
7562:
7557:
7552:
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7544:
7538:
7531:
7530:
7525:
7520:
7512:
7510:9780199214235
7506:
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7161:9780230802209
7157:
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7025:9780719038730
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6601:
6595:
6588:
6587:
6581:
6574:
6562:
6556:
6549:
6548:
6542:
6536:, 9 June 1961
6535:
6534:
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6524:
6522:
6517:
6501:
6497:
6489:
6487:
6483:
6479:
6469:
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6439:
6435:
6425:
6423:
6419:
6415:
6411:
6403:
6399:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6388:defence force
6385:
6382:In 1957, the
6381:
6378:
6374:
6370:
6367:In 1952, the
6366:
6365:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6355:
6351:
6343:
6339:
6335:
6331:
6329:
6325:
6321:
6317:
6313:
6310:
6306:
6303:
6300:
6297:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6283:
6281:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6265:
6264:head of state
6262:ceased to be
6261:
6257:
6248:
6234:
6230:
6225:
6222:
6219:
6215:
6210:
6208:
6207:in March 1961
6205:was convened
6204:
6200:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6180:
6175:
6173:
6169:
6165:
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6123:
6118:
6115:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6094:
6092:
6086:
6083:
6079:
6078:Cape Coloured
6075:
6074:Cape Province
6069:
6067:
6061:
6059:
6055:
6051:
6047:
6027:
6024:
6021:
6018:
6015:
6013:
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5987:
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5973:
5969:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5956:
5953:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:Wolmaransstad
5938:
5934:
5931:
5928:
5925:
5922:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5907:
5903:
5900:
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5876:
5872:
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5807:
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5708:
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5607:
5604:
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5597:
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5542:
5539:
5535:
5531:
5528:
5525:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5511:
5508:
5506:Rosettenville
5504:
5500:
5497:
5494:
5491:
5488:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5466:
5463:
5460:
5457:
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5449:
5446:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5432:
5429:
5426:
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5420:
5418:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5404:
5401:
5398:
5395:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:Pretoria West
5380:
5376:
5373:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5342:
5339:
5336:
5333:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5318:
5314:
5311:
5308:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5294:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5280:
5277:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:Pretoria East
5256:
5252:
5249:
5246:
5243:
5240:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:Potchefstroom
5194:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5153:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5097:
5094:
5091:
5088:
5085:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5070:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5032:
5029:
5026:
5023:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5008:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4939:
4936:
4933:
4930:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4884:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4868:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4853:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4791:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4760:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4674:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4636:
4632:
4629:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4581:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4536:
4533:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4412:
4409:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3011:Durban Umlazi
3009:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2980:Durban-Umbilo
2978:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:Somerset East
2446:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:Graaff-Reinet
1516:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:Fort Beaufort
1423:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:Beaufort West
1237:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1131:Constituency
1126:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
981:
978:
975:
972:
970:
966:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
933:
929:
926:
923:
920:
919:
892:
880:
875:
871:
868:
864:
860:
857:
853:
849:
846:
842:
838:
835:
831:
827:
823:
820:
816:
812:
809:
805:
801:
798:
794:
783:
773:
771:
767:
763:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
736:
732:
728:
722:"No" campaign
719:
717:
716:Liberal Party
713:
709:
705:
700:
697:
696:Belgian Congo
689:
685:
680:
666:
664:
660:
656:
652:
642:
637:
632:
630:
629:
628:Natal Witness
622:
617:
615:
611:
608:and 1,500 in
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
582:
573:
571:
565:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
535:
532:
522:
520:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
483:
478:
473:
470:
468:
467:national flag
464:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
434:, now led by
433:
430:In 1948, the
423:
421:
417:
413:
408:
405:
402:
398:
397:
392:
391:
385:
383:
379:
375:
367:
366:
360:
356:
354:
348:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
221:
216:
207:
201:
196:
187:
179:
176:
171:
170:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
153:
149:
146:
143:
142:
138:
135:
132:
131:
127:
124:
122:
114:
113:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
92:
91:
79:
78:
74:
69:
62:
50:
48:
45:
43:
42:
38:
22:
16:
10501:
10461:Histories of
10162:United Party
10071:Reform Party
10008:Orangia Unie
9633:
9624:
9617:Swart gevaar
9615:
9599:
9555:
9546:
9487:
9389:Blikkiesdorp
9029:
8715:Pre-colonial
8568:Natal Colony
8552:Zulu Kingdom
8466:South Africa
8393:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7935:
7930:
7921:
7916:
7907:
7902:
7892:
7885:
7876:
7871:
7862:
7857:
7848:
7843:
7834:
7829:
7819:
7804:
7795:
7790:
7782:Toledo Blade
7780:
7754:
7749:
7741:
7736:
7731:
7719:
7704:
7692:
7683:
7678:
7669:
7664:
7655:
7638:
7633:
7624:
7606:
7598:
7588:
7581:
7569:
7559:
7551:
7542:
7537:
7529:Toledo Blade
7527:
7519:
7499:
7492:
7483:
7478:
7469:
7464:
7455:
7450:
7441:
7436:
7415:
7405:
7397:
7387:
7379:
7370:
7365:
7356:
7351:
7342:
7337:
7328:
7323:
7315:
7311:
7295:
7285:
7277:
7261:
7245:
7236:
7231:
7222:
7217:
7208:
7203:
7187:
7178:
7150:
7143:
7134:
7129:
7120:
7115:
7106:
7101:
7085:
7080:
7071:
7062:
7053:
7048:
7039:
7034:
7014:
6992:
6977:
6968:
6963:
6954:
6949:
6933:
6924:
6919:
6910:
6905:
6896:
6891:
6882:
6865:
6860:
6851:
6846:
6837:
6832:
6823:
6818:
6809:
6804:
6796:Toledo Blade
6794:
6786:
6777:
6772:
6762:
6754:
6744:
6736:
6719:
6715:
6697:
6692:
6683:
6678:
6669:
6664:
6655:
6650:
6641:
6636:
6627:
6622:
6613:
6608:
6599:
6594:
6586:South Africa
6585:
6580:
6572:
6565:. Retrieved
6555:
6546:
6541:
6531:
6500:
6475:
6466:
6454:
6437:
6431:
6407:
6396:coat of arms
6362:
6347:
6289:
6253:
6232:
6227:
6223:
6211:
6193:principles.
6176:
6144:Commonwealth
6141:
6132:
6127:
6119:
6111:
6103:
6096:
6090:
6088:
6071:
6063:
6060:proclaimed:
6057:
6043:
6011:
5974:
5943:
5912:
5881:
5850:
5819:
5816:Wakketstroom
5794:
5757:
5726:
5695:
5670:
5633:
5608:
5571:
5568:Soutpansberg
5540:
5515:
5478:
5447:
5416:
5385:
5354:
5323:
5298:
5261:
5230:
5199:
5168:
5143:
5112:
5103:Orange Grove
5075:
5050:
5013:
4982:
4951:
4920:
4889:
4858:
4827:
4796:
4765:
4734:
4703:
4678:
4641:
4638:Kempton Park
4616:
4585:
4548:
4523:
4492:
4461:
4424:
4393:
4362:
4337:
4300:
4269:
4244:
4207:
4176:
4145:
4114:
4083:
4052:
4027:
4018:Bezuidenhout
3990:
3965:
3928:
3892:
3861:
3830:
3799:
3768:
3737:
3701:
3670:
3639:
3608:
3577:
3574:Odendaalsrus
3546:
3515:
3484:
3453:
3422:
3391:
3360:
3329:
3298:
3268:
3231:
3206:
3175:
3144:
3113:
3076:
3051:
3020:
2989:
2958:
2927:
2918:Durban Point
2896:
2887:Durban North
2865:
2834:
2825:Durban—Berea
2803:
2767:
2730:
2699:
2668:
2637:
2606:
2581:
2544:
2513:
2510:Stellenbosch
2488:
2451:
2426:
2395:
2364:
2333:
2296:
2271:
2240:
2209:
2172:
2141:
2116:
2079:
2048:
2017:
1992:
1961:
1924:
1893:
1862:
1859:Moorreesburg
1831:
1806:
1769:
1744:
1707:
1676:
1651:
1614:
1583:
1558:
1521:
1490:
1459:
1428:
1397:
1366:
1341:
1304:
1273:
1242:
1211:
1186:
1113:
1072:
1039:
1006:
979:
940:
769:
765:
760:The smaller
759:
747:Commonwealth
743:United Party
740:
735:United Party
711:
701:
693:
690:in English.
687:
683:
650:
648:
639:
634:
626:
624:
619:
597:
587:
567:
562:
539:had given a
528:
515:
484:
480:
475:
471:
463:J G Strijdom
460:
444:United Party
429:
416:Johannesburg
411:
409:
406:
400:
394:
388:
386:
371:
363:
350:
345:
286:
268:in the union
244:Elizabeth II
228:South Africa
225:
219:
165:
160:
155:
133:Valid votes
120:
108:
103:
98:
46:
15:
9601:Rooi gevaar
9480:2021 unrest
9410:Nkandlagate
9239:Third Force
9100:Rugby union
8698:(1981–1994)
8690:(1979–1994)
8682:(1977–1994)
8674:(1976–1994)
8666:(1910–1961)
8658:(1902–1910)
8650:(1902–1910)
8642:(1886–1891)
8634:(1885–1887)
8626:(1884–1888)
8618:(1882–1885)
8610:(1882–1883)
8602:(1870–1873)
8594:(1861–1879)
8586:(1856–1902)
8578:(1854–1902)
8570:(1843–1910)
8562:(1839–1843)
8554:(1816–1897)
8546:(1795–1910)
8544:Cape Colony
8536: 1780
8521: 1780
8508:(1652–1806)
8498: 1220
8491: 1075
8387:Referendums
7821:The Witness
6480:, with the
6410:decimalised
6358:Tudor Crown
5785:Von Brandis
5754:Vereeniging
5723:Ventersdorp
5661:Turffontein
5444:Randfontein
5165:Pietersburg
4793:Lichtenburg
4731:Krugersdorp
4359:Groblersdal
3197:Umhlatuzana
2794:Drakensberg
1921:Namakwaland
1549:Green Point
1114:Of the 156
887:By province
855:Total votes
833:Valid votes
706:, while in
452:N C Havenga
436:D. F. Malan
382:Eben Dönges
272:constituted
204:Results by
156:Total votes
10517:Categories
10412:Greyshirts
10176:Volksparty
9714:Black Sash
9375:Xenophobia
9368:Travelgate
9125:Border War
8929:Bantustans
8827:Great Trek
8772:Xhosa Wars
8632:Upingtonia
8616:Stellaland
8416:See also:
7976:Cape Times
7956:Cape Times
6994:The Tablet
6512:References
6486:Empire Day
6458:Union Jack
6199:Tanganyika
6191:democratic
5971:Wonderboom
5630:Standerton
5537:Rustenburg
5475:Roodepoort
4886:Maraisburg
4762:Langlaagte
4700:Klerksdorp
4669:Kensington
4390:Heidelberg
4142:Christiana
3796:Middelland
3605:Smithfield
3450:Harrismith
2541:Swellendam
2479:Salt River
2417:Simonstown
2355:Rondebosch
2324:Queenstown
2014:Oudtshoorn
1890:Mossel Bay
1828:Malmesbury
1611:Humansdorp
1332:Constantia
1148:Registered
911:Registered
545:Parliament
493:-speaking
487:Afrikaners
390:Die Burger
342:declared:
330:to form a
301:republican
278:Background
240:republican
177:1,800,426
136:1,626,336
9635:Volkstaat
9626:Uitlander
9557:Boerehaat
9533:Anarchism
9340:Arms Deal
9303:apartheid
8963:Pass laws
8940:Apartheid
8885:1910–1948
8804:1815–1910
8742:1652–1815
7744:, page 18
7720:InSession
7697:home page
6722:: 85–94.
6442:Afrikaans
6296:the Crown
6280:H A Fagan
6187:apartheid
6154:prior to
6099:secession
6050:Transvaal
6035:Aftermath
5847:Waterberg
4979:Nelspruit
4297:Germiston
3921:Transvaal
3636:Vredefort
3543:Ladybrand
3512:Kroonstad
3295:Bethlehem
3073:Newcastle
2727:Worcester
2634:False Bay
2603:Uitenhage
2386:Sea Point
2138:Piketberg
2107:Pinelands
1270:Bellville
1128:Province
1068:Transvaal
894:Province
869:1,800,426
858:1,634,240
836:1,626,336
821:1,626,336
708:Afrikaans
553:apartheid
549:Cape Town
511:Coloureds
448:Jan Smuts
328:Jan Smuts
309:D F Malan
232:Afrikaner
161:1,634,240
10503:Category
10405:Boeremag
9903:Jeugkrag
9854:Het Volk
9548:Baasskap
9490:incident
9093:Olympics
8672:Transkei
8475:polities
8473:Defunct
7890:New flag
7812:Archived
7712:Archived
7423:Archived
7090:Archived
6985:Archived
6448:and the
6408:The new
6402:O.H.M.S.
6375:vessels
6326:and the
6214:colonial
6160:Pakistan
6148:Dominion
6002:Yeoville
5878:Westdene
5413:Prinshof
5134:Parktown
4545:Innesdal
4514:Houghton
4483:Hospital
4452:Hillbrow
4421:Hercules
4173:Edenvale
4049:Boksburg
3925:Alberton
3889:Windhoek
3481:Heilbron
3259:Zululand
3166:Pinetown
1797:Maitland
1487:Gordonia
1153:Turnout
1140:Invalid/
1137:Against
1100:Source:
916:Turnout
903:Invalid/
900:Against
877:Source:
669:Campaign
440:election
260:republic
206:province
125:775,878
10308:SAAPAWU
9646:Defunct
9609:Slavery
8813:Mfecane
8353:1995–96
7777:Reuters
7742:Natalia
7407:The Age
6567:9 March
6420:of the
6418:coinage
6336:in the
6183:African
6172:in 1960
6164:in 1956
6072:In the
6048:of the
5909:Witbank
5599:Springs
4948:Mayfair
4824:Losberg
4235:Florida
4080:Brakpan
3858:Omaruru
3698:Winburg
3228:Vryheid
2758:Wynberg
2696:Vryburg
2293:Prieska
1766:Kuruman
1363:Cradock
1150:voters
1092:818,047
1089:734,930
1080:325,041
1073:406,632
1026:160,843
1023:144,407
1007:110,171
993:193,103
990:178,585
980:135,598
960:591,298
957:544,083
948:269,784
941:271,418
913:voters
810:775,878
807:Against
799:850,458
776:Results
704:English
594:English
543:to the
531:British
503:Namibia
491:English
401:Burgers
246:as the
180:90.77%
166:100.00%
139:99.52%
128:47.71%
104:850,458
71:Results
10259:FOSATU
10113:SAYRCO
10085:SADECO
10001:Occupy
9540:Azania
9488:Lady R
9417:Racism
9246:CODESA
8707:Events
8696:Ciskei
8608:Goshen
8538:–1819)
8523:–1817)
7507:
7158:
7022:
6392:police
6146:was a
6028:88.93
6025:12,749
6022:11,338
6012:10,100
5997:87.29
5994:11,667
5991:10,184
5966:91.07
5963:10,564
5935:88.86
5932:10,683
5904:89.82
5901:11,936
5898:10,721
5873:91.69
5842:92.85
5811:84.75
5808:11,210
5780:92.00
5777:12,948
5774:11,912
5749:90.59
5746:11,026
5718:91.96
5715:13,877
5712:12,761
5687:89.29
5684:12,772
5681:11,404
5656:91.82
5653:10,286
5625:91.09
5622:12,790
5619:11,651
5594:91.01
5591:10,332
5563:91.23
5560:10,323
5532:89.68
5529:12,834
5526:11,510
5501:92.00
5498:13,314
5495:12,249
5470:90.88
5467:11,911
5464:10,825
5439:84.88
5436:13,540
5433:11,493
5408:84.85
5405:13,324
5402:11,306
5377:89.79
5374:15,080
5371:13,540
5346:84.01
5343:11,607
5315:91.31
5312:13,848
5309:12,644
5284:91.16
5281:15,537
5278:14,164
5253:91.91
5250:11,845
5247:10,887
5222:88.18
5219:12,767
5216:11,258
5191:89.51
5188:10,440
5160:93.72
5157:12,491
5154:11,707
5144:10,640
5129:94.91
5126:12,671
5123:12,026
5113:11,086
5098:92.09
5095:12,711
5092:11,706
5067:92.67
5064:12,805
5061:11,866
5036:91.43
5033:11,660
5030:10,661
5005:91.23
5002:10,548
4974:85.82
4971:11,256
4943:92.97
4917:Marico
4912:85.21
4909:12,332
4906:10,508
4881:90.85
4850:90.47
4847:10,864
4819:91.63
4816:10,094
4788:90.33
4785:12,340
4782:11,147
4757:87.43
4754:12,787
4751:11,180
4726:88.79
4723:15,192
4720:13,489
4695:91.06
4692:12,130
4689:11,046
4664:90.19
4661:14,276
4658:12,876
4633:93.08
4630:13,067
4627:12,163
4617:10,652
4602:83.84
4599:11,647
4576:Jeppes
4571:90.87
4568:12,566
4565:11,419
4540:92.28
4537:12,721
4534:11,739
4524:10,555
4509:82.83
4506:11,012
4478:87.32
4475:12,683
4472:11,075
4447:85.67
4444:13,095
4441:11,219
4416:89.46
4413:10,880
4385:91.42
4354:90.32
4351:13,353
4348:12,060
4323:86.21
4320:11,940
4317:10,294
4292:88.49
4289:13,520
4286:11,964
4266:Geduld
4261:93.86
4258:12,823
4255:12,036
4230:91.20
4204:Ermelo
4199:88.32
4196:13,932
4193:12,305
4168:93.72
4137:91.26
4134:10,018
4106:88.29
4103:12,496
4100:11,033
4075:92.30
4072:13,798
4069:12,735
4044:88.65
4041:12,031
4038:10,666
4013:91.56
3982:89.13
3979:12,266
3976:10,933
3956:Benoni
3951:88.72
3948:13,457
3945:11,939
3915:82.00
3884:84.50
3853:88.50
3822:88.28
3791:91.61
3760:87.74
3734:Etosha
3724:91.35
3721:10,332
3693:87.53
3690:16,147
3687:14,134
3667:Welkom
3662:89.59
3659:10,158
3631:93.93
3600:85.74
3597:13,277
3594:11,384
3569:92.07
3538:90.96
3535:11,057
3532:10,057
3507:91.10
3504:11,751
3501:10,705
3476:92.85
3445:94.13
3414:89.20
3411:14,551
3408:12,980
3383:85.46
3380:14,438
3377:12,339
3352:88.38
3349:11,803
3346:10,432
3321:90.38
3318:10,400
3285:92.88
3282:11,057
3279:10,270
3254:92.56
3223:92.81
3220:14,473
3217:13,432
3192:93.46
3189:11,520
3186:10,767
3161:91.96
3158:13,866
3155:12,751
3130:92.89
3127:11,496
3124:10,679
3099:92.97
3096:10,446
3068:92.53
3065:10,206
3037:92.47
3034:12,675
3031:11,721
3006:91.62
3003:12,386
3000:11,348
2975:90.79
2972:12,120
2969:11,004
2944:89.23
2941:14,156
2938:12,631
2928:11,049
2913:94.28
2910:13,507
2907:12,735
2897:11,426
2882:93.34
2879:12,769
2876:11,918
2866:11,053
2851:93.91
2848:12,916
2845:12,130
2835:11,098
2820:92.41
2784:91.16
2781:11,932
2778:10,877
2753:90.50
2750:11,287
2747:10,215
2722:91.27
2719:10,303
2691:89.36
2688:12,660
2685:11,313
2660:90.24
2657:12,408
2654:11,197
2629:93.16
2626:14,624
2623:13,624
2598:93.16
2567:93.47
2564:10,103
2536:90.56
2533:13,194
2530:11,949
2505:88.11
2502:10,610
2474:94.39
2443:91.24
2440:13,017
2437:11,877
2412:93.70
2409:12,798
2406:11,992
2396:10,877
2381:91.08
2378:13,301
2375:12,114
2365:10,456
2350:95.83
2347:11,112
2344:10,649
2319:93.59
2288:94.95
2285:14,734
2282:13,990
2272:10,009
2257:92.77
2254:13,217
2251:12,261
2226:91.22
2223:12,576
2220:11,472
2195:91.62
2192:13,586
2189:12,448
2164:92.95
2133:92.63
2130:12,687
2127:11,752
2102:90.91
2099:13,582
2096:12,348
2071:92.78
2068:11,498
2065:10,668
2040:90.82
2037:10,438
2009:90.50
2006:12,391
2003:11,214
1978:94.07
1975:12,993
1972:12,222
1947:89.58
1916:93.36
1885:92.11
1854:93.76
1851:10,790
1848:10,117
1823:90.41
1820:12,099
1817:10,939
1792:92.92
1761:94.35
1758:11,294
1755:10,656
1730:91.55
1727:12,292
1724:11,253
1699:90.55
1696:11,885
1693:10,762
1668:88.88
1665:13,467
1662:11,970
1637:94.10
1634:10,298
1606:93.59
1603:10,876
1600:10,179
1575:87.78
1572:12,350
1569:10,841
1544:92.38
1513:90.96
1482:93.52
1479:10,969
1476:10,258
1456:George
1451:95.48
1420:92.05
1389:92.47
1358:90.93
1355:13,277
1352:12,073
1342:10,405
1327:91.54
1296:92.30
1293:14,548
1290:13,428
1265:90.18
1234:94.66
1208:Aliwal
1203:92.01
1200:11,606
1197:10,679
1177:Albany
1164:Votes
1158:Votes
1145:Total
1142:blank
1095:89.84
1062:86.80
1059:37,135
1056:32,235
1047:12,017
1040:19,938
1029:89.78
1014:33,438
996:92.48
973:42,299
963:92.02
927:Votes
921:Votes
908:Total
905:blank
861:100.00
824:100.00
785:Choice
737:, 1960
651:per se
636:force.
606:Durban
541:speech
501:, now
495:whites
291:, the
264:whites
150:0.48%
147:7,904
109:52.29%
85:Votes
81:Choice
10440:PAGAD
10336:SATUC
10329:SARHU
10315:SACTU
10294:NURHS
10252:FNETU
10238:CTSWU
10231:CNETU
10224:BLATU
10106:SAYCO
9994:NUSAS
9875:IDASA
9686:AITUP
9301:Post-
8688:Venda
6492:Notes
6384:Crown
6377:HMSAS
6369:title
6342:Crown
6179:Asian
6168:Ghana
6091:moral
6082:Natal
6016:89.42
6008:10.58
6005:1,195
5985:17.26
5982:1,746
5979:82.74
5975:8,368
5960:9,621
5954:25.02
5951:2,400
5948:74.98
5944:7,192
5929:9,493
5923:31.93
5920:3,020
5917:68.07
5913:6,439
5892:34.91
5889:3,733
5886:65.09
5882:6,960
5870:9,652
5867:8,850
5861:14.03
5858:1,236
5855:85.97
5851:7,576
5839:9,545
5836:8,863
5830:26.78
5827:2,357
5824:73.22
5820:6,443
5805:9,500
5799:75.46
5795:7,131
5791:24.54
5788:2,319
5768:42.37
5765:5,024
5762:57.63
5758:6,833
5743:9,989
5737:32.36
5734:3,203
5731:67.64
5727:6,695
5706:25.37
5703:3,229
5700:74.63
5696:9,497
5675:64.94
5671:7,360
5667:35.06
5664:3,974
5650:9,445
5644:36.00
5641:3,376
5638:64.00
5634:6,003
5613:60.92
5609:7,053
5605:39.08
5602:4,525
5588:9,403
5582:26.48
5579:2,470
5576:73.52
5572:6,859
5557:9,418
5551:31.74
5548:2,975
5545:68.26
5541:6,398
5520:77.05
5516:8,833
5512:22.95
5509:2,631
5489:33.82
5486:4,126
5483:66.18
5479:8,074
5458:35.63
5455:3,830
5452:64.37
5448:6,918
5427:32.72
5424:3,749
5421:67.28
5417:7,709
5396:24.88
5393:2,799
5390:75.12
5386:8,453
5365:42.41
5362:5,724
5359:57.59
5355:7,774
5340:9,751
5334:28.54
5331:2,779
5328:71.46
5324:6,958
5303:55.11
5299:6,954
5295:44.89
5292:5,664
5272:30.35
5269:4,286
5266:69.65
5262:9,834
5241:34.72
5238:3,768
5235:65.28
5231:7,086
5210:25.87
5207:2,893
5204:74.13
5200:8,288
5185:9,345
5179:25.33
5176:2,349
5173:74.67
5169:6,925
5148:91.11
5137:1,038
5117:92.58
5086:42.58
5083:4,969
5080:57.42
5076:6,700
5055:75.71
5051:8,959
5047:24.29
5044:2,875
5024:35.26
5021:3,749
5018:64.74
5014:6,883
5010:Nigel
4999:9,623
4993:33.79
4990:3,246
4987:66.21
4983:6,359
4968:9,660
4962:34.51
4959:3,308
4956:65.49
4952:6,278
4940:9,073
4937:8,435
4931:31.44
4928:2,640
4925:68.56
4921:5,756
4900:29.19
4897:3,055
4894:70.81
4890:7,412
4878:9,558
4875:8,683
4869:34.65
4866:2,964
4863:65.35
4859:5,589
4844:9,829
4838:36.13
4835:3,525
4832:63.87
4828:6,231
4813:9,249
4807:20.45
4804:1,885
4801:79.55
4797:7,333
4776:38.24
4773:4,244
4770:61.76
4766:6,853
4745:36.05
4742:4,007
4739:63.95
4735:7,107
4714:29.83
4711:4,018
4708:70.17
4704:9,452
4683:83.46
4679:9,207
4675:16.54
4672:1,824
4652:33.03
4649:4,231
4646:66.97
4642:8,577
4621:87.74
4613:12.26
4610:1,488
4596:9,765
4590:66.46
4586:6,459
4582:33.54
4579:3,259
4559:27.30
4556:3,110
4553:72.70
4549:8,283
4528:90.15
4517:1,153
4503:9,121
4497:76.22
4493:6,929
4489:23.78
4486:2,162
4466:88.36
4462:9,757
4458:11.64
4455:1,285
4435:15.08
4432:1,687
4429:84.92
4425:9,502
4410:9,733
4404:27.05
4401:2,622
4398:72.95
4394:7,072
4382:9,811
4379:8,969
4373:20.02
4370:1,784
4367:79.98
4363:7,129
4342:66.89
4338:8,026
4334:33.11
4331:3,972
4311:33.13
4308:3,393
4305:66.87
4301:6,848
4280:35.93
4277:4,284
4274:64.07
4270:7,640
4249:60.00
4245:7,212
4241:40.00
4238:4,808
4227:9,907
4224:9,035
4218:35.70
4215:3,190
4212:64.30
4208:5,745
4187:40.74
4184:4,994
4181:59.26
4177:7,265
4165:9,931
4162:9,307
4156:26.83
4153:2,479
4150:73.17
4146:6,760
4131:9,142
4125:22.33
4122:2,023
4119:77.67
4115:7,038
4111:Brits
4094:38.28
4091:4,215
4088:61.72
4084:6,796
4063:45.78
4060:5,801
4057:54.22
4053:6,871
4032:78.56
4028:8,352
4024:21.44
4021:2,279
4010:9,897
4007:9,062
4001:33.65
3998:3,031
3995:66.35
3991:5,977
3970:59.62
3966:6,497
3962:40.38
3959:4,400
3939:31.52
3936:3,753
3933:68.48
3929:8,154
3912:7,688
3909:6,304
3903:40.62
3900:2,541
3897:59.38
3893:3,714
3881:6,063
3878:5,123
3872:34.21
3869:1,737
3866:65.79
3862:3,341
3850:5,600
3847:4,956
3841:40.65
3838:1,994
3835:59.35
3831:2,911
3827:Namib
3819:6,247
3816:5,515
3810:38.91
3807:2,132
3804:61.09
3800:3,347
3788:5,533
3785:5,069
3779:41.63
3776:2,092
3773:58.37
3769:2,933
3765:Karas
3757:6,004
3754:5,268
3748:29.18
3745:1,521
3742:70.82
3738:3,692
3718:9,438
3712:16.15
3709:1,513
3706:83.85
3702:7,858
3681:32.99
3678:4,647
3675:67.01
3671:9,437
3656:9,101
3650:18.92
3647:1,713
3644:81.08
3640:7,343
3628:9,247
3625:8,686
3619:18.90
3616:1,631
3613:81.10
3609:6,997
3588:24.89
3585:2,823
3582:75.11
3578:8,517
3566:9,154
3563:8,428
3557:23.75
3554:1,967
3551:76.25
3547:6,315
3526:20.89
3523:2,090
3520:79.11
3516:7,913
3495:21.58
3492:2,292
3489:78.42
3485:8,328
3473:9,195
3470:8,538
3464:17.96
3461:1,526
3458:82.04
3454:6,969
3442:9,333
3439:8,785
3433:17.92
3430:1,566
3427:82.08
3423:7,174
3402:34.65
3399:4,490
3396:65.35
3392:8,468
3371:31.88
3368:3,926
3365:68.12
3361:8,390
3340:15.67
3337:1,630
3334:84.33
3330:8,773
3315:9,400
3309:17.44
3306:1,624
3303:82.56
3299:7,689
3273:64.19
3269:6,570
3265:35.81
3262:3,666
3251:9,554
3248:8,843
3242:36.13
3239:3,175
3236:63.87
3232:5,613
3211:70.95
3207:9,495
3203:29.05
3200:3,887
3180:84.10
3176:9,016
3172:15.90
3169:1,705
3149:70.88
3145:8,978
3141:29.12
3138:3,689
3118:82.16
3114:8,705
3110:17.84
3107:1,890
3093:9,712
3087:40.02
3084:3,865
3081:59.98
3077:5,793
3062:9,444
3056:82.30
3052:7,761
3048:17.70
3045:1,669
3025:76.85
3021:8,983
3017:23.15
3014:2,706
2994:84.38
2990:9,537
2986:15.62
2983:1,766
2963:86.84
2959:9,538
2955:13.16
2952:1,445
2932:87.67
2924:12.33
2921:1,554
2901:89.91
2893:10.09
2890:1,282
2870:93.07
2839:91.66
2828:1,010
2817:9,956
2814:9,200
2808:58.46
2804:5,349
2800:41.54
2797:3,801
2790:Natal
2772:77.15
2768:8,375
2764:22.85
2761:2,480
2741:33.37
2738:3,402
2735:66.63
2731:6,793
2716:9,404
2710:31.43
2707:2,937
2704:68.57
2700:6,408
2679:36.59
2676:4,119
2673:63.41
2669:7,138
2665:Vasco
2648:41.58
2645:4,638
2642:58.42
2638:6,517
2617:34.02
2614:4,609
2611:65.98
2607:8,938
2595:9,698
2592:9,035
2586:74.07
2582:6,616
2578:25.93
2575:2,316
2561:9,443
2555:40.23
2552:3,771
2549:59.77
2545:5,602
2524:32.18
2521:3,836
2518:67.82
2514:8,086
2499:9,349
2493:79.15
2489:7,349
2485:20.85
2482:1,936
2471:9,375
2468:8,849
2462:31.13
2459:2,723
2456:68.87
2452:6,025
2431:78.08
2427:9,229
2423:21.92
2420:2,591
2400:90.99
2389:1,077
2369:86.57
2361:13.43
2358:1,622
2338:50.57
2334:5,378
2330:49.43
2327:5,257
2316:9,154
2313:8,567
2307:38.88
2304:3,313
2301:61.12
2297:5,209
2276:71.83
2268:28.17
2265:3,926
2245:78.37
2241:9,583
2237:21.63
2234:2,645
2214:63.70
2210:7,280
2206:36.30
2203:4,149
2183:42.33
2180:5,244
2177:57.67
2173:7,143
2161:9,286
2158:8,631
2152:13.96
2149:1,198
2146:86.04
2142:7,385
2121:81.74
2117:9,593
2113:18.26
2110:2,143
2090:24.27
2087:2,980
2084:75.73
2080:9,300
2076:Parow
2059:30.92
2056:3,273
2053:69.08
2049:7,314
2045:Paarl
2034:9,480
2028:21.95
2025:2,065
2022:78.05
2018:7,342
1997:76.15
1993:8,499
1989:23.85
1986:2,662
1966:81.05
1962:9,812
1958:18.95
1955:2,294
1944:9,912
1941:8,879
1935:23.49
1932:2,053
1929:76.51
1925:6,686
1913:9,984
1910:9,321
1904:24.98
1901:2,311
1898:75.02
1894:6,939
1882:9,738
1879:8,970
1873:25.46
1870:2,267
1867:74.54
1863:6,636
1842:25.56
1839:2,562
1836:74.44
1832:7,463
1811:64.52
1807:7,029
1803:35.48
1800:3,866
1789:9,747
1786:9,057
1780:30.89
1777:2,782
1774:69.11
1770:6,225
1749:70.80
1745:7,525
1741:29.20
1738:3,104
1718:45.67
1715:5,099
1712:54.33
1708:6,067
1687:40.11
1684:4,312
1681:59.89
1677:6,438
1656:68.92
1652:8,217
1648:31.08
1645:3,706
1631:9,690
1625:34.96
1622:3,369
1619:65.04
1615:6,269
1594:43.81
1591:4,434
1588:56.19
1584:5,688
1563:83.48
1559:9,018
1555:16.52
1552:1,784
1541:8,876
1538:8,200
1532:31.45
1529:2,558
1526:68.55
1522:5,576
1510:9,289
1507:8,449
1501:29.28
1498:2,453
1495:70.72
1491:5,925
1470:23.17
1467:2,365
1464:76.83
1460:7,842
1448:9,327
1445:8,905
1439:44.54
1436:3,943
1433:55.46
1429:4,910
1417:9,052
1414:8,332
1408:29.40
1405:2,434
1402:70.60
1398:5,846
1386:9,140
1383:8,452
1377:33.24
1374:2,796
1371:66.76
1367:5,615
1346:86.40
1338:13.60
1335:1,638
1324:9,416
1321:8,619
1315:23.00
1312:1,970
1309:77.00
1305:6,596
1301:Ceres
1284:37.27
1281:4,984
1278:62.73
1274:8,387
1262:8,919
1259:8,043
1253:22.19
1250:1,775
1247:77.81
1243:6,223
1231:9,583
1228:9,071
1222:41.86
1219:3,775
1216:58.14
1212:5,243
1191:76.98
1187:8,184
1183:23.02
1180:2,448
1086:3,257
1083:44.42
1077:55.58
1050:37.61
1044:62.39
1017:23.28
1011:76.72
984:76.22
976:23.78
969:Natal
954:2,881
951:49.85
945:50.15
872:90.77
847:7,904
839:99.52
818:Total
813:47.71
802:52.29
788:Votes
590:Natal
10447:SANF
10377:APLA
10322:SAIF
10301:PAWE
10287:NEUM
10280:MUSA
10245:FCWU
10190:WOSA
10141:TNIP
10099:SASO
10092:SAIC
10078:SABP
10029:PAVN
9763:COSG
9742:CTEG
9735:CNIP
8404:1992
8399:1983
8394:1960
8378:2021
8373:2016
8368:2011
8363:2006
8358:2000
8335:2024
8330:2019
8325:2014
8320:2009
8315:2004
8310:1999
8305:1994
8300:1981
8295:1974
8290:1970
8285:1965
8280:1959
8275:1954
8270:1949
8265:1943
8260:1936
8255:1935
8250:1917
8245:1910
8227:2024
8222:2019
8217:2014
8212:2009
8207:2004
8202:1999
8197:1994
8192:1989
8187:1987
8182:1984
8177:1981
8172:1977
8167:1974
8162:1970
8157:1966
8152:1961
8147:1958
8142:1953
8137:1948
8132:1943
8127:1938
8122:1933
8117:1929
8112:1924
8107:1921
8102:1920
8097:1915
8092:1910
7505:ISBN
7156:ISBN
7020:ISBN
6569:2013
6533:TIME
6414:Rand
6390:and
6334:mace
6332:The
6254:The
6181:and
6052:and
5140:8.89
5109:7.42
4520:9.85
2862:6.93
2831:8.34
2392:9.01
1134:For
897:For
850:0.48
766:this
393:and
380:and
10398:BBB
10391:AWB
10384:ARM
10350:UDF
10273:IWW
10266:ICU
10217:BCM
10210:APF
10155:UFP
10057:PRP
10036:PFP
9987:NRP
9980:NPP
9966:NNP
9959:NLP
9945:NCP
9896:ISL
9847:GNP
9819:ECC
9812:DSM
9805:DPP
9777:DLF
9749:COD
9728:CDA
9707:BPC
9700:AVF
9693:APO
6724:doi
6440:in
6371:of
5106:889
4872:130
4221:100
3560:146
2859:823
2589:103
2465:101
1969:116
1938:140
1053:280
1020:798
987:688
796:For
770:not
588:In
547:in
446:of
326:of
315:of
99:Yes
10519::
10419:MK
9973:NP
9938:NA
9889:IP
9882:ID
9833:FD
9826:FA
9770:CP
8533:c.
8518:c.
8495:c.
8488:c.
8031:,
8022:,
8013:,
8004:,
7995:,
7818:,
7779:,
7775:,
7763:^
7722:,
7718:,
7647:^
7616:^
7605:,
7558:,
7526:,
7404:,
7386:,
7284:,
7170:^
7002:^
6991:,
6940:,
6874:^
6793:,
6761:,
6743:,
6720:14
6718:.
6706:^
6571:.
6530:,
6520:^
6452:.
6424:.
6270:,
6019:43
5988:70
5957:29
5926:34
5895:28
5864:38
5833:63
5802:50
5771:55
5740:91
5709:35
5678:70
5647:66
5616:73
5585:74
5554:45
5523:46
5492:49
5461:77
5430:35
5399:54
5368:42
5337:14
5306:26
5275:44
5244:33
5213:77
5182:71
5151:29
5120:51
5089:37
5058:32
5027:29
4996:18
4965:74
4934:39
4903:41
4841:73
4810:31
4779:50
4748:66
4717:19
4686:15
4655:68
4624:23
4593:47
4562:26
4531:31
4500:30
4469:33
4438:30
4407:39
4376:56
4345:62
4314:53
4283:40
4252:16
4190:46
4159:68
4128:81
4097:22
4066:63
4035:35
4004:54
3973:36
3942:32
3906:49
3875:45
3844:51
3813:36
3782:44
3751:55
3715:67
3684:50
3653:45
3622:58
3591:44
3529:54
3498:85
3467:43
3436:45
3405:22
3374:23
3343:29
3312:87
3276:34
3245:55
3214:50
3183:46
3152:84
3121:84
3090:54
3059:14
3028:32
2997:45
2966:21
2935:28
2904:27
2873:42
2842:22
2811:50
2775:22
2744:20
2713:59
2682:56
2651:42
2620:77
2558:70
2527:27
2496:64
2434:57
2403:38
2372:36
2341:14
2310:45
2279:55
2248:33
2217:43
2186:61
2155:48
2124:16
2093:68
2062:81
2031:73
2000:53
1907:71
1876:67
1845:92
1814:44
1783:50
1752:27
1721:87
1690:12
1659:47
1628:52
1597:57
1566:39
1535:66
1504:71
1473:51
1442:52
1411:52
1380:41
1349:30
1318:53
1287:57
1256:45
1225:53
1194:47
1167:%
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930:%
924:%
718:.
559::
384:.
376:,
299:,
121:No
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8875:)
8871:(
8531:(
8516:(
8500:)
8493:–
8486:(
8457:e
8450:t
8443:v
8061:e
8054:t
8047:v
7513:.
7164:.
7028:.
6730:.
6726::
6311:.
6170:(
6162:(
791:%
751:£
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