1971 JVP insurrection

2298:, was wounded and captured. In jungles in Anuradhapura, the JVP had established a base camp with supplies along with six sub-camps with which they conducted operations in Rajangana and Tambuttegama. A detachment from the 1CLI troops with 82mm mortars, commanded by Major Jayawardena carried out Operation Otthappuwa in May and cleared these camps. By the end of May, much of the insurrection was crushed. Counter-insurgency operations went on for another year, with the 1CLI establishing a forward base in Horowapatana from November 1972 to April 1973, while the D company, 1CLI closed its operations in Kegalle District only in December 1974. Many youths were detained in rehabilitation camps for months. The official arrest total was 5,067 (of whom 1,117 were from Colombo), but arrests of up to 20,000 were claimed. The government imposed strict censorship of all domestic and foreign news during the period. Reports of summary executions were reported, including the public execution of 1271:(UNP) government had Wijeweera arrested at Hambantota on 12 May, days before the general elections in May. The UF won a landslide victory against the UNP and formed a government. Wijeweera was released in July 1970. In the politically tolerant atmosphere of the next few months, as the new government attempted to win over a variety of unorthodox leftist groups, the JVP intensified its public campaign and secret preparations for a revolt. Although their group was relatively small, the members hoped to immobilize the government by selective kidnapping and sudden, simultaneous strikes against security forces throughout the island. Some of the necessary weapons had been bought with funds supplied by members, but most party funding came from a string of robberies. The JVP decided to rely on raids against police stations and army camps to secure weapons at the onset of the revolt, and they planned to manufacture their own explosive weapons in preparation. 1953:

concentrated at Warakapola and Rambukkana. The Pindeniya detachment, led by Patrick Fernando attacked both the local Police Station and the Bogala Graphite Mines, capturing a lorry load of explosives from the mines. On 8 April, the Warakapola Police Station was attacked, weapons including two submachine guns seized and the building set alight. Police stations in Bulathkohupitiya, Aranayaka, Mawanella, Rambukkana and Dedigama were attacked and the one at Aranayake burned down. Only the police station in Kegalle town and its surrounding area remained under government control in the Kegalle District. In the North Central Province, only the Anuradhapura town and its police station held out, while the police station in Vavuniya and Polonnaruwa were attacked. Less intense activity was reported in the Kandy, Badulla and Moneragala Districts.

1962:

aimed at gaining these from the police and military they would overrun in their first wave; while the government soon found out that its pre-insurrection stocks of small-arms ammunition was enough to hold out for only a week. On 5 April when the warning of the impending attack was issued, some police stations found that they lacked operational firearms or live ammunition. The three Bell 206A Jet Ranger helicopters of the RCyAF began on 5 April with a furry of activity, they began flying weapons and ammunition to isolated police stations. Flying over 12 hours a day, these three helicopters airlifted 36,500 lb of ammunition during April. The Doves flew supply missions to different parts of the island moving 900 soldiers and 100,000 lb of equipment in April. The army reported its first

500: 610: 1945:(both of which had two Dutch colonial forts and small army garrisons). However, none of the JVP's four major missions succeeded. The abduction of the prime minister failed, with arrests of JVP members in Colombo on 5 April. The Panagoda Cantonment and Colombo were never attacked, because the members did not assemble. Jaffna Prison was attacked on the night of 5 April to rescue Wijeweera. The cadre booked a bus to the prison, and Pyatilake led the attack. It failed, however, when police reinforcements arrived; many of the attackers were arrested, and some were killed. Attacks on the Jaffna police station and Karainagar naval detachment also failed, with four insurgents killed on 6 April at 1211: 2358:. By 1975, 139 inquiries were conducted and 3872 insurgent suspects were charged and 2919 were produced before the commission. 2413 suspects were released under suspended sentences while 258 received terms of rigorous imprisonment, which included 3 imprisonments for life. 50 suspects were acquitted. A second commission was formed in 1976, consisting of three judges. 2520 suspects were released under a suspended sentence, while 372 received terms of rigorous imprisonment, which included 5 imprisonments for life. 92 suspects were acquitted. In 1975, Wijeweera was sentenced to life imprisonment (later reduced to 20 years of 436: 339: 328: 317: 306: 295: 160: 146: 561: 530: 417: 388: 379: 363: 352: 259: 3311: 466: 579: 479: 399: 185: 1299:. Classes delivering the "Five Lectures" were held throughout the island, primarily in secluded locations such as cemeteries. After raising a force of about 10,000 full-time members, the JVP stopped recruiting in 1971. The movement was based on five-member cells with a leader, and there were several such cells in a police station area with an area leader. The area leaders selected a district leader, and the district leaders made up the Central Committee. Above the Central Committee was a 12-member 4152: 1197:(Loku Athula). Initially known also as the New Left, the group attracted students and unemployed rural youth (most between ages 16 and 25) who felt that their economic interests had been neglected by the nation's leftist coalitions. The standard program of indoctrination, the "Five Lectures", included discussions of Indian imperialism (expansionism), the growing economic crisis, the failure of the island's communist and socialist parties, and the need for a sudden, violent seizure of power. 244: 2255:

troops from static defense to offensive operations. Furthermore, the popular uprising Wijeweera expected from the oppressed classes failed to take place and JVP carders who captured areas did not consolidate these nor prepare for a long drawn out insurgency, as the JVP had not planned for such; local JVP committees raised a red flag in a captured area, and did little else. Widespread looting and damage to state property took place, and several civilians were murdered by the insurgents.

570: 276: 1222:) and receiving recruits and sympathizers from the armed forces; some provided sketches of police stations, airports, and military facilities, a factor in the revolt's initial success. At the Vidyalankara campus, it won the support of the Jatika Sishya Sangamaya (Lanka National Students Society) led by G. I. D. ‘Castro’ Dharmasekera, at the Peradeniya campus it gained control of the Samajawadi Sishiya Sangamaya (the Socialist Students Society) and Vidyodaya campus. 4715: 1913:) were overrun by the insurgents, and 43 were abandoned by the police for "strategic reasons" during the following days. Fifty-seven police stations were damaged. The insurgents cut telephone and power lines and blocked roads with trees. The Hanwella police station, near Colombo, was attacked on 6 April and overrun. It was soon recaptured by army reinforcements from the Panagoda Cantonment. The No. 2 Squadron of the Royal Ceylon Air Force deployed its three 1017: 4429: 1497:, however, newly elected Prime Minister Sirima Bandaranaike had Wijeweera released from police custody; reports from the previous administration were overlooked. Bandaranaike's new administration made changes to the police force, removing officers and disbanding units perceived as disloyal. These changes affected the CID; the new government was fearful of another coup by security forces loyal to the previous administration. Bandaranaike's cousin and 231: 197: 2432: 1669: 454: 1884:(her official residence) with General Attygalle, Captain A.R.P. (Kalu) Wijeratne, and her normal escort. Temple Trees became the centre of government operations (both civil and military) during the crisis, and its security was strengthened. It was a refuge for the ministers, most of whom were from leftist parties. Helicopter patrols around the capital began as rumours spread that the JVP was marching on Colombo. 218: 173: 1787:, Sanath Kumar, and Lal Pieries with more than 50 students, was to abduct the prime minister. The third mission, led by Bopage, was to capture of the city of Colombo. The capital was divided into five areas: Colombo South, Colombo North, Kandy Road, Colombo Central, and Kotte. The insurgents were to attack police stations along the way, obtaining arms and ammunition from them. The targets were 2290:

operate, with some groups operating into early 1972. The government announced two amnesties in May and June 1971, airdropping leaflets encouraging the insurgents to surrender. Without food, weapons, and leadership, many youths surrendered; other groups were surrounded and captured. Two JVP leaders, Sanath (Wijesena Vidanage) and Susil, were killed in confrontations with the armed forces;

57: 1974:. Army, navy, and air-force personnel were initially deployed on ground duty in a defensive posture; in most areas, the police were able to hold out themselves. The government considered the situation dire during the insurrection's early days; its pre-insurrection stocks of small-arms ammunition were expected to run out in a week, and the shooting of 2392:, however, the new government tried to broaden its mandate with a period of political tolerance. With the repeal of the Criminal Justice Commission in 1977, all convicted under it received a general amnesty including Wijeweera. The ban on the party was lifted, and the JVP entered the arena of legal political competition. As a candidate in the 1267:. They also distributed posters and pamphlets promising violent rebellion if Bandaranaike did not address proletarian interests. In a manifesto issued during this period, the group used the name "Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" (People's Liberation Front) for the first time. Because of the subversive tone of his publications, the 1327:(alias Podi Athula) to manufacture bombs. The bombs were crude home-made types that sometimes exploded in the process of manufacture. One such incident took place on 17 December 1970, Podi Athula lost his left hand and was critically injured when a grenade exploded while being tested. The cells began arming themselves with 1236:

manufacturing weapons was taken up. In the Dondra conference in early 1970, in addition to collecting and manufacturing weapons, details of recruitment, training, uniforms, and collecting information on the armed forces, were discussed. At this point, it was alleged that Dharmasekera had informed the Minister of State,

2233:

were for the JVP. In April, a Chinese freighter raided a harbour; it was turned back by Indian warships maintaining a naval cordon around Ceylon's coast. An unfamiliar ship was seen off the JVP-controlled coast of Matara; according to an eyewitness, it was larger than any ship the Royal Ceylon Navy had at the time.

1162:, entered politics after his assassination in 1959 and became the world's first female prime minister in 1960. Due to successive governments, varying economic policies and frequent strikes, Ceylon's economic outlook during the 1960s had fallen below what it was when it gained independence in 1948; this led to an 1335:. However, this process had mixed results, the JVP was only able to manufacture around 3,000 bombs and some exploded in the process. A JVP cache of weapons was found by the police at the Talagalle Temple at Homagama and at the Vidyodaya Campus, the JVP produced blue uniforms, cartridge belts, boots and helmets. 2492:

Two incentives for a renewed insurgency exist unemployment and government corruption. With a rapid population increase and relatively-slow economic growth, many youths who were the beneficiaries of free education are unemployed or underemployed; the unemployment rate is high relative to the output of

2417:

than an open revolution. The movement fought with a well-organized military wing, that carried out raids on military installations and targeted assassinations waging a brutal campaign of terror and intimidation across the Southern part of the island. It ended after an equally brutal counter-offensive

1192:

functionary. At odds with party leaders and impatient with its lack of revolutionary purpose, Wijeweera formed the movement in 1965 with other like-minded young people. He was apparently expelled from the Maoist wing of the Ceylonese Communist Party the following year and brought his Marxist ideology

2315:

The official death toll was 1,200, but unofficial sources reliably estimated it at 4,000–5,000. Forty-one civilians were killed by the insurgents; thirty-seven police officers were killed and 195 were wounded. Twenty-six armed-services personnel were killed, including one officer (19 from the Army,

2289:

armoured cars in May and put them to use in Kurunegala and Anuradhapura districts. After three weeks of fighting, the government regained control of all but a few remote areas. In most cases, the government regained control of townships; insurgent groups melted away into the jungle and continued to

2250:

Wijeweera had been successful in building up the political ideology and the large following of carders. However, these carders large in numbers, lacked proper military training. In comparison, the government forces especially its regulars, although small in number were an all-volunteer professional

1969:

As the insurgents overran five police stations and forty-three were abandoned in the days that followed, the JVP gained control over large parts of the island uncontested. They would raise the red flag and assert their dominance over the population. The government forces responded by first securing

2254:

The regular personnel of the armed services were soon supplemented by the mobilization of reservists (most of whom were World War II veterans) and while Pakistani and Indian troops that were flown in took over the defense of key installations such as airports and harbors. This released the regular

2246:

Having lost the element of surprise, the JVP's initial attack did achieve a degree of success. However, it failed in its key missions. This meant that it was not able to acquire the modern weapons it need to face the government forces. By withdrawing its small police stations and army detachments,

2223:

literature distributed by the North Korean high commission in the country, which helped to develop the party. On 15 May 1971, 18 North Koreans affiliated with the JVP were arrested. Indian patrol boats deployed around the island stopped two North Korean vessels, capturing weapons, food parcels and

2374:

The insurgency caused Rs 2.7 million in damage to public and private property; other institutions lost Rs 3 million. Over Rs 450 million earmarked for capital development was not spent as intended due to the insurgency. Ceylon severed diplomatic ties with North Korea based on information that the

2232:

At the time of the start of the insurrection, there was a Chinese cargo vessel bound for Tanzania in the Colombo Harbour. The Ceylonese government requested to acquire these arms failed following appeals to both Beijing and Dar es Salaam. Thereafter, the Ceylonese government said that the weapons

1874:

on 5 April as they prepared to abduct (or assassinate) Prime Minister Bandaranaike at her private residence at Rosemead Place. This was followed by a quick citywide curfew and more arrests in Kotahena and Borella, with large numbers of bombs, weapons, and medical equipment meant to be used in the

2202:

setting up a naval cordon around Ceylon while the Royal Ceylon Navy had deployed its sailors (including the crew of its sole frigate) on shore duty and harbour defense, making it incapable of preventing the JVP from obtaining aid by sea. Soon harbor defense was taken over by Indian and Pakistani

1961:

Having lost the element of surprise and coordination, the JVP's first wave of attacks was executed as planned. Although on high alert, the government could do little to prepare and withstand the first wave. Weapons and ammunition were a key problem for both sides, with the JVP lacking access and

1563:

At this point, there seems to be a division within the JVP. A faction led by Castro Dharmasekera wanted the movement to remain secret and prepare for a guerrilla war. However, the majority of the carder disagreed and Dharmasekera and his supporters were expelled. On 6 March, this faction calling

1318:

In September 1970, the JVP Political Bureau met at Ambalangoda and decided to begin collecting arms, with Loku Athula appointed to head the armed section. The group identified that the primary weapon in their arsenal would be the hand bomb and planned to make over 100,000 in several bomb-making

2284:

The government forces began to enhance its firepower on the ground and began offensive operations into JVP-controlled areas. The Yugoslavian mountain guns were deployed in Kegalle to flush out insurgents and by late April many suspected JVP members were captured, arrested or surrendered. The

1593:. This gained national attention and indicated that JVP was arming itself. A few days later on 16 March, an explosion took place at Marrs Hall at the Peradeniya campus. The police search the halls of residence at the Peradeniya campus and found a stock of detonators at Hilda Obeysekera Hall. 1630:(temple) by the JVP politburo on 2 April in response to a request by Wijeweera that posters and leaflets calling for his release be published and, if the insurgency began, 500 cadres be sent to Jaffna to break him out of prison. The group, consisting of S. V. A. Piyathilaka, Lionel Bopage, 1235:

was formed at Madampella in 1969. Following the Madampella conference, two more conferences took place at Urubokka and Dondra. At Urubokka the structure of the organization, with secret, five-member cells and regional commands known as "district secretaries" was decided and the prospect of

1952:

Loku Athula, who was given leadership of the Kegalle District and Kurunegala District, moved into the area on 3 April and began organizing the area leaders. He coordinated operations with detachments in Veyangoda and Mirigama, with over 600 JVP carders deployed across the Kegalle District

2028:

With many parts of the island under JVP control, communication and transport was limited. The JVP had blocked roads having fallen trees, damaged culverts and bridges preventing vehicular movements. Many army convoys were ambushed such as in Aranayake and in Anuradhapura, where Captain

1108:, following strong support from friendly nations that sent men and material. Although this first attempt to seize power was quickly crushed by force, in 1987 the JVP launched a low-intensity insurgency in the island's southern, central and western regions that lasted several years. 1642:

in the country would be attacked on 5 April at 11:00 pm. The JVP believed that police stations were the government's principal local element of power, and hoped that disabling them would encourage local populations to rise up in their support. The district leader for

1615:, followed by two platoons to Kandy. By 27 March, the police and the army had arrested over 300 youths mainly from the CCP in connection with the embassy attack and had raided the Vidyodaya and Vidyalankara campuses. By April 2, more than 400 arrests had been made. 1892:

With a curfew imposed and suspects being arrested, some JVP leaders went into hiding. The attack began as planned. Ninety-two police stations across the country were attacked simultaneously by JVP groups armed with shotguns, bombs, and Molotov cocktails; five (in

1548:

After a lull since October 1970, the JVP held a large public rally on 27 February 1971 at Colombo's Hyde Park, where Wijeweera said: "Let the revolution of the workers, farmers, and soldiers be triumphant". It would be the last JVP rally before the insurrection.

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lead the Sishiya Sangamaya (Students Society). To draw new members further into the organization and prepare them for a coming confrontation, Wijeweera opened "education camps" in remote areas of the south and south-western coasts, which provided training in

1361:, the armed forces had major cuts in funding, recruitment and joint operations, and were unprepared for a large-scale insurrection. In 1970, the armed forces had an annual budget of Rs 52 million (US$ 10mn), just 1.2% of total government expenditure. The 1315:), and carried out several robberies – including the Okkampitiya and Ambalangoda bank robberies, the Badulla mailbag robbery and the York Street robbery – to raise money. Members were also asked to contribute personal funds. 2247:

the government denied the JVP the opportunity to capture weapons and ammunition. Having withdrawn to defensible locations such as major cities and towns, the government brought time to replenish its limited stocks of ammunition and receive new weapons.

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police station was attacked and two police constables were killed. The Wellawaya attack had preempted the initial wave of simultaneous attacks planned by the JVP, which lost the element of surprise. Following the attack, soon after dawn on 5 April,

1993:, and coordinated the government's defense from the situation room at Temple Trees. Local military coordinating officers, appointed from the three branches of the armed forces for each affected district, were tasked with carrying out local 2224:

literature; the vessels may have been headed to JVP-controlled territory to reinforce it against the Ceylonese army. Aid may also have come through the Ceylon-North Korea Friendship Association, which had branches throughout the country.

1770:

Four missions were planned and assigned to the nationwide 5 April attack. The main responsibility for the attacks was given to the student wing, which Wijeweera had called the "Red Guard". The first of the four missions was to attack the

1127:

vessels and a Chinese freighter which raided the harbours. Although China provided diplomatic aid, it was accused of supporting the JVP; Chinese diplomats allegedly contacted North Korea, which supplied weapons and ammunition to the JVP.

1601:

Although the JVP denounced Dharmasekera, Wijeweera and hundreds of his supporters were arrested during March, the JVP claimed that 4,000 cadres were now behind bars. Wijeweera traveled around the country but was arrested on 13 March in

2387:

in 1974. Under the six years of emergency rule following the uprising, the JVP remained dormant. No medals were awarded by the government to the police or armed services personnel. After the victory of the United National Party in the

1610:

on 16 March, giving broader powers to the police and military for arrest and detention, but no general military mobilization took place. The Ceylon Army, deployed two platoons of the 1st Battalion, Ceylon Light Infantry (1CLI) to the

4084: 2336:, enabling them to record statements from suspects which would be admissible in court. It soon became apparent that convicting a large number of suspects in custody within the contemporary procedure and laws would take years. 2375:

country supported the JVP and diplomatic relations were not reestablished till 2014. The government expanded the armed forces, the air force which had 1,400 personnel in 1971 grew to 3,100 by 1976 with the addition of a

2271:

to RCyAF Katunayake (attacking rebel locations en route). On the 12 April following a bombing run on a target in Polonnaruwa, one Jet Provost lost power and crashed on its approach to RCyAF Chinabay killing its pilot,

4075: 1863:(IGP). The government began frantic preparations for further attacks. A curfew was declared in parts of the island, all police stations were warned of an impending attack, and Attygalle ordered the army to begin 2147:

Ceylon received the most aid from the Soviet Union, with Air Ceylon transporting nine tons of military equipment which the Soviet Union made available from supplies in Cairo on the 19th of April. On 22 April,

1970:

Colombo, other cities and large towns with sizable police and military garrisons. Roadblocks were set up; bridges, ports and airports were secured, overstretching the armed forces, which began mobilizing its

1879:

and Lieutenant Colonel Anuruddha Ratwatte arrived at the prime minister's residence and briefed her on the attack on Wellawaya and an impending attack that night. Soon afterwards, the prime minister left for

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in front of the United States Embassy in Colombo. These turned violent on 10 March with a petrol bomb thrown at the embassy, rioters then attacked and damaged the vehicles parked outside the embassy. Led by

2251:

army with better leadership and training. When the influx of modern weaponry and ammunition began to roll in, the tide turned. The wide array of weapons it received resulted in its own logistical problems.

3316: 3314: 1319:

factories located in rural areas along with underground storage locations. At the next Political Bureau, at the end of the year, Loku Athula reported that 3,000 bombs had been manufactured. The JVP gave

1469:

The government received multiple warnings of preparations undertaken by the JVP, but failed to comprehend the scale of the insurrection and was unprepared to counter it. Early warnings came from the

1978:

by a fellow rating in Jaffna stoked fears of JVP infiltration of the armed forces. Therefore, the government adopted a strategy of holding out, until it received assistance from friendly nations.

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The Criminal Justice Commission was established by the government to prosecute the detained rebels expediently. The commission was composed of Chief Justice H. N. G. Fernando (chairman), Justice

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helicopters, which began flying missions to remote police stations to supply them with weapons and ammunition; over the following days, the helicopters returned wounded to hospitals.

1218:

The JVP expanded its membership and influence rapidly between 1967 and 1970, gaining control of the student socialist movement on a number of major university campuses (including the

1405:. It lacked tanks, field artillery, automatic rifles, submachine guns and other modern weapons, and peacetime ammunition stocks could sustain only one week of combat operations. The 3600: 1819:

Planning for the countrywide insurrection was hasty and poorly coordinated, with some district leaders not informed until the morning of the uprising. At 5:20 am on 5 April, the

1606:

by a special police team and later transferred to the Jaffna Prison, along with 450 others. As a result of the attack on the US Embassy and explosions, the government declared a

4779: 4643: 7746: 4412: 1104:. The revolt began on 5 April 1971 and lasted until June of that year. The insurgents held towns and rural areas for several weeks, until the regions were recaptured by the 4346: 1517:(who led the investigations) reported that a more substantial threat to the government was posed by the JVP, and the police investigation of bomb-making factories began. 1303:

which included Wijeweera. Communications were in code by couriers, with the district secretaries communicating messages from the Politburo (which met every two months in

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to what became known as the Sinhalese Marxist Group. Along with Wijeweera, three close supporters emerged as the leaders of the new movement: Sanath, Karunnarathe and

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The group had its first public meeting in 1969 and by early 1970, Wijeweera's group began to take a more public role; its cadres campaigned openly for the socialist

1540:. The envoy returned with a letter from the government promising to ship weapons to the island if possible, hinting at aid from South Yemen diplomats to the JVP. 1054: 2104:

India did not receive the cable, and the Indian High Commissioner in Ceylon was sent back to India with the aid request on 13 April. The day after units of the

6597: 4134: 1154:(UNP), amalgamating three right-leaning pro-dominion parties which won a majority in parliament at the general election. The UNP was defeated in 1956, when 6028: 4767: 911: 2795: 6076: 4761: 1655:

that read: "JVP Appuhamy expired. Funeral 5.". The Wellawaya leader interpreted the order as to attack on the morning of 5 April, not in the evening.

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of Kataragama. Caste-based discrimination was common with armed forces arresting all the youth from low-caste villages, regardless of participation.

1589:

On 9 March, after an accidental explosion in one of the JVP bomb factories which killed five members, police found 58 bombs in a hut in Nelundeniya,

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helicopters. The Soviet aircraft were accompanied by 200 trainers and ground crew. In addition, the Soviet Union also sent 12 light mortars and 10

4879: 4390: 1638:, W. T. Karunarathne, Susi L. Wickrama, Wijesena Vidanage (alias Sanath), Somasiri Kumanayake and Anura Ranjith Kurukulasooriya, decided that all 5575: 2989: 2899: 7906: 7817: 5326: 5135: 3719: 3197: 3577: 4638: 1570: 1536:

Wijeweera also visited North Koreans in the country, who congratulated him. He sent a JVP member to the Middle East to forge a link with the

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flew by an air force helicopter to Wellawaya that morning to inspect the ground situation in Wellawaya and reported to Attygalle and the

1047: 4141: 3610: 3290: 1779:. Piyasiri was in charge of the attack by 800 students, who were divided into groups of twenty-five; a smaller attack was to be made on 7771: 4949: 4710: 4702: 2084: 1565: 1558: 2855:'s pro-West regimes, its relations to the Soviet Union had not been very close, but the victory of the left had raised Russian hopes." 7860: 4546: 3225: 2366:

and Somasiri Kumanayake, turned crown witness and were pardoned. Most of the youths in rehabilitation camps were released gradually.

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remaining carders withdrew into the jungle in the Kegalle, Elpitiya, Deniyaya and Kataragama areas. The army received twelve British

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containing Chinese-made rifles was captured by the police; other similar incidents occurred at the beginning of the insurgency. The

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Hill, Tom H. J. (June 2013). "The Deception of Victory: The JVP in Sri Lanka and the Long-Term Dynamics of Rebel Reintegration".

2345: 1982: 1860: 1808: 1537: 1482: 941: 936: 7921: 7741: 6013: 2453: 2389: 1686: 1409:, which had suffered the most from the fallout of the attempted coup (its recruitment had been frozen until 1969) had only one 1040: 876: 864: 859: 854: 721: 2324:

Advised by Justice Minister Felix Dias Bandaranaike, the prime minister appointed an investigative unit headed by retired IGP

2316:

four from the air force, and three from the Navy) and 130 were wounded (87 Army, 15 air force, and 28 Navy) in 1971 and 1972.

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when it gained self-rule from the British on 4 February 1948 with a conservative government formed under the premiership of

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attacked the embassy. A police officer on duty outside the embassy was stabbed and later died. The student elements of the

1493:'s government. The government instructed the police to arrest Wijeweera, who was taken into custody in May 1970. After the 736: 685: 3441: 7941: 7911: 7776: 6183: 5316: 5027: 5022: 5017: 4289: 2731: 788: 5425: 5353: 1966:

on the first day of the insurrection when Staff Sergeant Jothipala was killed at Thulhiriya in the Kurunegala District.

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had an authorized strength of 329 officers and 6,291 other ranks with three infantry regiments each consisting of two

7916: 6950: 6513: 5783: 5724: 5007: 4504: 4001: 3953: 3897: 3748: 3121: 2479: 1910: 1832: 1804: 1752: 1581:(CCP) and the JVP were suspected of being the embassy attack and the government ordered a crackdown on these groups. 691: 17: 5521: 3817: 2461: 1119:

government. The government's socialist background drew the attention of many states which needed to support it. The

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about the revolution, and the government of Sri Lanka was suspicious of the country's motives. JVP bases contained

2125: 2038: 1150:, who had been instrumental in the negotiations with the British government which led to self-rule. He founded the 818: 741: 125: 6331: 6193: 5877: 4044: 3559: 2087:, but had no specific intention to militarily aid the government. On a request made by the previous government, a 1852: 1701: 7373: 6754: 6683: 6583: 6461: 6233: 6223: 5810: 5197: 4484: 4129: 4053: 3833:

Kearney, Robert N. (1975). "Educational Expansion and Political Volatility in Sri Lanka: The 1971 Insurrection".

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The insurrection formally began in 1971, but the first attacks took place in 1970. The JVP fought the right-wing

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was also attacked. The police withdrew personnel from smaller police stations. The rebels had taken control of

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the educational system, which the labour market has failed to address. Political factors include President

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Ranjith Wijetunga. Several weeks later, the Jet Provosts were joined by the Bell 47-G2s in ground attacks.

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clique" and began making arrests. Then-opposition leader Sirimavo Bandaranaike referred to it in her

1175: 1158:

became prime minister on a wave of nationalist sentiment bringing together leftist groups. His wife,

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was not at the meeting, and the decision to attack was conveyed via a paid radio obituary notice by

1477:

with its late-1969 and early-1970 establishment of the "Che Guevara Desk" under ASP K. C. de Silva.

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Several arrested, multiple North Korean supply vessels captured by the Ceylon navy and Indian navy

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within four days of the initial attack. This was followed by a British commitment to supply six

1331:; each member was expected to have a shotgun, 10 cartridges, blue uniforms, military boots, and 7468: 6972: 6366: 6040: 5516: 5276: 5271: 5064: 4755: 4669: 3646:

Arasaratnam, S. (1972). "The Ceylon Insurrection of April 1971: Some Causes and Consequences".

3605: 3295: 3068: 3035: 2904: 2497:'s political strategy of oppressing the opposition; the weakness of the main opposition party ( 2414: 2325: 2295: 2176: 2061:

a request for support to friendly countries. The response from many governments was swift. The

1971: 1502: 1422: 1378: 1350: 1115:(UNP) before launching an island-wide, militant opposition to the newly elected, pro-socialist 1105: 901: 896: 811: 750: 671: 7678: 2215:

North Korea used revolutionary propaganda daily in newspapers; North Korean newspapers quoted

1623:

With the arrest of Wijeweera and other mass arrests of its carders, a meeting was held at the

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which had been mothballed in 1970, serviced and armed them in three days, and flew them from

2199: 2041: 1998: 1784: 1268: 1159: 1151: 1112: 1101: 996: 635: 600: 471: 440: 2183:, 30,000 automatic and semi-automatic rifles, it was still suspected of supporting the JVP. 2128:

followed with arms and ammunition. The squadron logged 573 flying hours on as many as 1,122

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was wounded accompanying the first joint army and police expedition into rebel-held areas.

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By 1970, the movement had begun recruiting and training cadres at camps in rural areas of

8: 7688: 7603: 7598: 7498: 7361: 7158: 7042: 6957: 6845: 6698: 6693: 6673: 6658: 6568: 6563: 6468: 6401: 6391: 6303: 6298: 6288: 6188: 6128: 6101: 5927: 5912: 5882: 5860: 5646: 5636: 5363: 5286: 5256: 5240: 4845: 4534: 4236: 4176: 3872: 2634: 2604: 1914: 1871: 1792: 1772: 1454: 1434: 1390: 1382: 963: 458: 299: 6543: 6456: 3925:

Rebellion, Repression and the Struggle for Justice in Sri Lanka: The Lionel Bopage Story

3410: 3040: 2017:

in Kegalle, Lieutenant Colonel D. J. de S. Wickremasinghe in Matara, Lieutenant Colonel

7842: 7638: 7623: 7548: 7528: 7523: 7508: 7355: 7103: 6855: 6739: 6493: 6396: 6381: 6293: 6283: 6258: 6253: 6018: 5972: 5887: 5872: 5815: 5631: 5554: 5430: 5321: 5311: 5032: 4605: 4514: 3976: 3860: 3804: 3783: 3713: 3663: 2994: 2622: 2195: 2006: 1994: 1876: 1607: 1514: 1506: 1498: 1450: 1442: 1418: 1223: 1185: 435: 338: 327: 316: 305: 294: 159: 151: 82: 7538: 7367: 3063: 2522: – leader of CCP (Maoist), had official links to the Chinese government 1509:

and appointed commanding officer of the Army's Field Security Detachment, tasked with

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The United States said that it was aware that the JVP was not the organization which

2034: 1986: 1942: 1856: 1631: 1510: 1490: 1474: 1438: 1406: 1402: 1237: 1232: 484: 7832: 7503: 3519: 2418:

targeting JVP cells and leadership that resulted in the death of Wijeweera in 1989.

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Warnapala, W. A. (1975). "Marxist parties in Sri Lanka and the 1971 Insurrection".

3844: 3767: 3655: 2573: 2526: 2355: 2117: 2101:, taking over the airport's defense and freeing Ceylonese troops for other duties. 2022: 2018: 2010: 1963: 1775:, which was one of the country's largest military installations and housed a large 1612: 1590: 1457:

had two de Havilland Doves tasked with maritime patrol. It had mothballed its five

1369:(one regular and one volunteer) armed mostly with World War II-era weapons such as 1320: 1181: 1147: 1084: 1021: 1003: 640: 547: 446: 368: 356: 321: 310: 4083: 3339:

Commission on the Organization of the Government for the Conduct of Foreign Policy

2501:); the exclusion of those without political connections from some state jobs; the 1180:

The Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) movement was founded during the late 1960s by

7837: 7693: 7683: 7668: 7648: 7633: 7608: 7553: 7318: 7286: 7178: 7138: 6900: 6895: 6835: 6776: 6508: 6386: 6213: 6178: 6086: 6081: 5805: 5699: 5373: 5306: 5296: 5261: 5217: 5204: 5156: 4995: 4590: 4048: 3992:(1975). "Speech to the Ceylon Criminal Justice Commission". In Blackburn, Robin. 3771: 3736: 2827: 2557: 2264: 2191: 2065:

was the first to respond positively, allowing the Ceylonese government to use an

2025:

in Vavuniya. These appointments changed rapidly as the ground situation changed.

2014: 1922: 1828: 1788: 1780: 1458: 1426: 1398: 1370: 798: 407: 5800: 2362:). Many of the surviving JVP leaders received prison sentences; some, including 7663: 7588: 7578: 7573: 7433: 7173: 6962: 6885: 6613: 6518: 6268: 6208: 5840: 5758: 5661: 5621: 5591: 5491: 5446: 2569: 2542: 2273: 2268: 2062: 2030: 2002: 1930: 1639: 1478: 4032: 2057:

With the government desperately short of weapons and ammunition, Bandaranaike

2013:

in Hambantota, Lieutenant Colonel R. R. Rodrigo in Jaffna, Lieutenant Colonel

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SRI LANKA – A LOST REVOLUTION? The Inside Story of the JVP by Rohan Gunaratna

3941: 3856: 3779: 3291:"A delayed build-up of lethal offensive capability – War on terror revisited" 2900:"Origins and growth of Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (The April 1971 Revolt – I)" 2741: 2329: 2286: 2152: 1946: 1848: 1825: 1414: 1354: 1288: 403: 4151: 2033:

was killed. Initial government offensives were pushed back in areas such as

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Pakistan responded with an airlift of supplies, troops, and helicopters to

1975: 1881: 1864: 1844: 1836: 1796: 1489:, submitted a report on the new group's potential threat to Prime Minister 1296: 1248:

K. C. de Silva had started investigating this group, which was called the "

1120: 343: 332: 249: 3574:"CRIMINAL JUSTICE COMMISSION LIKELY TO PUNISH BIG RACKETEERS IN SRI LANKA" 2396:, Wijeweera finished fourth with over 250,000 votes (compared with winner 7658: 7263: 7233: 7088: 7078: 6977: 6840: 6633: 6122: 5952: 5937: 5748: 5596: 5564: 5451: 5266: 5171: 5110: 4595: 3492: 2640: 2581: 2351: 2216: 2187: 2164: 1926: 1918: 1362: 1324: 1249: 1124: 569: 280: 275: 105: 3808: 7417: 7128: 7098: 7052: 6967: 6935: 6927: 6870: 6558: 6273: 5962: 5850: 5456: 4966: 4041: 3981: 3864: 3667: 2591: 2172: 2066: 2058: 1906: 1840: 1693: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1644: 1280: 6071: 2094:

landed on 12 April carrying much-needed spares for RCyAF helicopters.

609: 7713: 7558: 7407: 7380: 7193: 7148: 7057: 7025: 7005: 6997: 6326: 6116: 4714: 4434: 3889: 2943:

Phadnis, U. "Insurgency in Ceylon: Hard Challenge and Grim Warning".

2294:, who led the remnants of his group from Kegalle into the jungles of 2204: 2109: 2073: 1820: 1648: 1461:

jet trainers after plans for introducing jet fighters were scrapped.

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Explosion in a Subcontinent: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Ceylon

3972: 3946:

Explosion in a Subcontinent: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Ceylon

3848: 3795:

Iqbal, M. (1972). "The Insurgency in Ceylon and its Repercussions".

3659: 2431: 1811:. The fourth mission was to rescue Wijeweera from prison in Jaffna. 1668: 7292: 7133: 7030: 6905: 6724: 6628: 5768: 5626: 5080: 2539: 1894: 1425:

which had three flying squadrons and a few trained pilots in 1971,

1292: 1143: 1083:) was the first of two unsuccessful armed revolts conducted by the 236: 48: 6412:

Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

3031:"The JVP's Military Battle for Power (The April 1971 Revolt – II)" 1799:

and the homes of government officials, including Justice Minister

7238: 7123: 7113: 7062: 6603: 5348: 4040:– Account of the Uprising by British Libertarian Socialist group 2168: 2144:

helicopters and ammunition purchased from Singapore on 17 April.

2141: 2077: 1776: 1410: 1328: 1304: 1253: 98:

Rebel leaders were captured and the remaining members surrendered

2203:

troops, releasing Ceylonese personnel for offensive operations.

101:

Ceylonese government re-established control of the entire island

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United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad

3152:"41 Years After 1971 JVP: Where Have The Decision Makers Gone?" 3125: 2852: 2129: 2113: 1875:

planned attack on the city. At 8:00 pm, General Attygalle, IGP

1603: 4015: 3166: 2800:

University of Central Arkansas Department of Political Science

2354:, Justice V. T. Thamotheram, Justice H. Dheragoda and Justice 2328:

to prosecute the captured insurgents. The unit was made up of

1214:

Sirima Bandaranaike Prime Minister in 1960-1965 and 1970–1977.

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American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

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One-day Revolution in Sri Lanka: Anatomy of 1971 Insurrection

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Hettiarachchi, Kumudini; Sadanandan, Renuka (8 April 2001).

3335:"The U.S. Response to the JVP Insurgency in Sri Lanka, 1971" 2637:– Deputy leader of the JVP during the 1987–1989 insurrection 1123:

sent 60 air-force troops; India guarded the forts, stopping

7331: 7213: 5105: 5049: 3944:(1975). "The Ceylonese Insurrection". In Blackburn, Robin. 1374: 3421: 3379: 3272: 3270: 3243: 3132: 2773: 2771: 1933:

by 10 April, and came close to capturing the remainder of

56: 7786: 7766: 7761: 2924: 2137: 1847:

reported the attack and warned of further attacks. Major

1205: 2227: 1533:

had sent a delegation early in 1965, meeting Wijeweera.

3490: 3391: 3267: 3255: 3122:"North Korea's role in Sri Lanka's bloody insurgencies" 2768: 1485:

who had been appointed special security advisor to the

4038:

Ceylon: The JVP Uprising (Third Worldism or Socialism)

3520:"Ian Wickramanayake: Well known, powerful personality" 1513:

by identifying potentially-disloyal officers. Captain

4086:

Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (People's Liberation Front)

3741:

Sri Lanka: A lost revolution? Inside story of the JVP

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to ferry small arms and ammunition from its bases in

1989:

was appointed Additional Permanent Secretary to the

3226:"Sanguinary memories : JVP insurgence of 1971" 2990:"Ceylon's Police and Army Fight Rebels With Terror" 2790: 2788: 2786: 2613:– JVP politburo member, later a government minister 2413:, which lasted from 1987 to 1989 and was more of a 3463:Sally, Siddique; Sally, Shayir (17 January 2016). 3198:"The Fifth of April 1971- JVP attack at Wellawaya" 3083: 2756: 2529:, former army officer and son of J. R. Jayewardene 2332:and police officers. The crown counsels were made 2695:was arrested, and the party was almost shut down. 2505:, and the entry of Indian troops into Sri Lanka. 1338: 1274: 7878: 7732:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 3178: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3012: 2969: 2957: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2887: 2885: 2783: 2631:– Became a JVP politburo member and party leader 2236: 6169:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 5576:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 4023:THE 1971 CEYLONESE INSURRECTION – Fred Halliday 3743:. Sri Lanka: Institute of Fundamental Studies. 2858: 3883: 3465:"Craft followed craft until they flew no more" 3320: 2870: 2339: 1543: 1464: 1353:were an internal security force assisting the 5065: 4696: 4639:United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti 4406: 4069: 3009: 2882: 1048: 7808:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 5359:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 4711:Coups, rebellions, and revolts in Sri Lanka 4033:A Lost Revolution: The JVP Insurrection 1971 3693: 3249: 3028: 2897: 2726: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2421: 2080:helicopters armed with 7.62mm machine guns. 2047: 1552: 1169: 6669:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 4901:2015 alleged Sri Lankan coup d'état attempt 3996:. Harmondsworth, Eng.; Baltimore: Penguin. 3948:. Harmondsworth, Eng.; Baltimore: Penguin. 3871: 3815: 3645: 3560:"Criminal Justice Commissions (Repeal) Law" 3427: 3385: 3341:. Appendices, Volumes 5-7. pp. 185–187 3289:Ferdinando, Shamindra (18 September 2012). 3276: 3138: 2460:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2052: 1417:in its fleet along with a few Thorneycroft 7772:United States involvement in regime change 5327:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 5072: 5058: 4950:Protests against the Vietnam War in Ceylon 4880:1966 alleged Ceylonese coup d'état attempt 4703: 4689: 4413: 4399: 4076: 4062: 3726: 3718:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3598: 3462: 3442:"SLAF Stories: Tragedy over Thampalakamam" 3326: 3288: 2930: 1559:Ceylonese protests against the Vietnam War 1231:and basic military skills. The movement's 1055: 1041: 55: 4547:Portuguese conquest of the Jaffna kingdom 3980: 3958: 3735: 3261: 2821:Halliday, Fred (September–October 1971). 2777: 2709: 2619:– JVP politburo member, later an academic 2480:Learn how and when to remove this message 2171:armoured personnel carriers in November. 1753:Learn how and when to remove this message 1397:; an artillery regiment armed with light 555:: 26 killed; 310 wounded; 1 Aircraft lost 3674: 3599:Ferdinando, Shamindra (7 October 2011). 3397: 3061: 2820: 2598: 1991:Ministry of External Affairs and Defence 1887: 1835:ordered a platoon of the 1st Battalion, 1584: 1564:themselves the Maoist Youth Front began 1487:Ministry of External Affairs and Defence 1471:Police Criminal Investigation Department 1209: 5898:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 4649:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon 4634:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon 4290:United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA) 3832: 3029:Somasundaram, Jayantha (6 April 2021). 2898:Somasundaram, Jayantha (5 April 2021). 2762: 2346:Criminal Justice Commission (Sri Lanka) 408: 14: 7879: 7742:Russian espionage in the United States 6014:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 3677:Terrorism, the North Korean Connection 3119: 3113: 2987: 1956: 1527:People's Socialist Republic of Albania 1433:tasked with basic pilot training; the 1307:). The JVP published a newspaper (the 1206:JVP expansion and United Front victory 7907:Riots and civil disorder in Sri Lanka 7737:Soviet espionage in the United States 5893:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 5672:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 5337:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 5053: 4906:2018 Sri Lankan constitutional crisis 4684: 4394: 4369:Inter University Students' Federation 4057: 3922: 3886:The Tamil Separatist War in Sri Lanka 3794: 3543: 3332: 3092: 2851:, p. 7: "In the past because of 2848: 2814: 2228:Chinese influence and alleged support 2136:took over securing RCyAF Katunayake. 2021:in Moneragala and Lieutenant Colonel 1618: 1596: 1538:South Yemen National Liberation Front 1240:about the existence of the JVP and a 61:Attack on the Deniyaya police station 7813:Soviet Union–United States relations 6164:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 4774:Second Polonnaruwa War of Succession 4449:Kotte conquest of the Jaffna kingdom 3818:"How the JVP ruined rural Sri Lanka" 3816:Karunaratne, Garvin (18 July 2020). 3757: 3439: 2981: 2864: 2458:adding citations to reliable sources 2425: 2279: 1870:Several JVP cadres were arrested at 1783:. The second mission, led by Nimal, 1691:adding citations to reliable sources 1662: 1357:during strikes and riots. After the 590:100 killed in run-up events in March 7927:History of Sri Lanka (1948–present) 7777:Soviet involvement in regime change 5028:2019 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 5023:2018 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 5018:2014 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 4750:First Polonnaruwa War of Succession 3601:"SL: NK, Iran arms not used in war" 3548:. Colombo: Trade Exchange (Ceylon). 2942: 2556:– former commanding officer of the 2241: 1814: 24: 7818:Soviet Union–United States summits 5292:1947 Polish parliamentary election 5177:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 4500:1173 Polonnaruwa invasion of Chola 4295:Democratic National Alliance (DNA) 3908: 3361:"COIN operations in Ceylon – 1971" 3064:"First reign of terror by the JVP" 2988:Sterba, James P. (25 April 1971). 2508: 1473:(CID), which had been tasked with 1345:1962 Ceylonese coup d'état attempt 1323:30,000 stolen from York Street to 25: 7958: 6579:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 6514:United States invasion of Grenada 5784:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 5725:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 5008:2005 Inuvil shooting and protests 4007: 3636: 3184: 3172: 2975: 2963: 2876: 2796:"Ceylon/Sri Lanka (1948-Present)" 2258: 2085:attacked the US Embassy in Ceylon 1389:; a recce regiment equipped with 1242:Criminal Investigation Department 367:Wijesena Vidanage (Sanath) 6654:United States invasion of Panama 6504:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 6144:1971 Turkish military memorandum 6107:Communist insurgency in Thailand 6077:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 6009:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 5836:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 5764:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 5282:Restatement of Policy on Germany 4961:Burning of Jaffna Public Library 4823:Sri Lankan independence movement 4713: 4427: 4150: 3062:Ratwatte, Mano (17 April 2021). 2802:. University of Central Arkansas 2430: 1667: 1566:protests against the Vietnam War 1142:Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) became a 1015: 608: 577: 568: 559: 528: 498: 477: 464: 452: 434: 415: 397: 386: 377: 361: 350: 337: 326: 315: 304: 293: 274: 257: 242: 229: 216: 195: 183: 171: 158: 144: 7374:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 6755:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 6684:Fall of the inner German border 6584:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 6234:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 6224:Spanish transition to democracy 6184:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 5811:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 5317:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 5198:Occupation of the Baltic states 4485:Anuradhapura invasion of Pandya 4269:Patriotic People's Armed Troops 3884:Wickremesekera, Channa (2016). 3877:Political Violence in Sri Lanka 3592: 3566: 3552: 3537: 3512: 3484: 3456: 3433: 3403: 3353: 3282: 3218: 3190: 3144: 3098: 3055: 2936: 2669:1932 armed uprising in Mongolia 2155:transporters flew in with five 1997:operations. These were Colonel 1678:needs additional citations for 1658: 1653:Ceylon Broadcasting Corporation 6154:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 5789:Mozambican War of Independence 5228:Indonesian National Revolution 4520:Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts 4490:Chola conquest of Anuradhapura 3411:"Relations to the third world" 2842: 2740:. 1 April 2001. Archived from 2686: 2674:2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings 2625:– Became a government minister 2319: 2210: 1525:In 1970, a parcel sent by the 1520: 1449:fixed-wing aircraft and three 1431:de Havilland Chipmunk trainers 1427:No. 1 Flying Training Squadron 1339:Ceylon's defense establishment 1275:Preparations of the revolution 1069:1971 Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 13: 1: 7922:Military history of Sri Lanka 7752:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 6767:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 6720:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 6442:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 6407:Seven Days to the River Rhine 6139:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 5426:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 5354:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 4780:Kandyan independence movement 4618:Operation Prosperity Guardian 4300:National People's Power (NPP) 3923:Cooke, Michael Colin (2011). 3444:. aviadoradeceilan.medium.com 3175:, pp. 102, 105–107, 109. 3120:Farrel, Tom (12 March 2014). 3106:History of the JVP, 1965–1994 2946:Economic and Political Weekly 2702: 2310: 2237:Counter-insurgency operations 2190:deployed three frigates, the 2179:. Although China supplied 30 2140:heavy transports flew in six 1455:No. 3 Reconnaissance Squadron 1349:Since its formation in 1949, 94:Ceylonese government victory 6745:Fall of communism in Albania 6715:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 6664:Polish Round Table Agreement 6004:1968 Polish political crisis 5821:Eritrean War of Independence 5587:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 5482:East German uprising of 1953 5414:Chinese Communist Revolution 5079: 4828:Great Rebellion of 1817–1818 4579:Great Rebellion of 1817–1818 4510:Malay invasions of Sri Lanka 4264:Deshapremi Janatha Vyaparaya 4115:Grenade attack on Parliament 3772:10.1080/13533312.2013.830024 3727:Clodfelter, Micheel (2002). 3675:Bermudez, Joseph S. (1990). 2823:"The Ceylonese Insurrection" 2654:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 2611:Athula Nimalasiri Jayasinghe 2503:Indo-Sri Lankan Peace Accord 2305: 2106:Indian Army Southern Command 1833:Commander of the Ceylon Army 1195:Athula Nimalasiri Jayasinghe 1090:(JVP) against the socialist 702:Ministries of the Government 120:The JVP controlled Ceylon's 7: 6619:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 6347:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 6092:Corrective Movement (Syria) 6056:New People's Army rebellion 6051:Sino-Soviet border conflict 5779:Angolan War of Independence 5642:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 5522:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 5167:Jamaican political conflict 4875:1962 Ceylonese coup attempt 3694:Chandraprema, C.A. (1991). 3415:North Korea Country Studies 2647: 2513: 2394:1982 presidential elections 2340:Criminal Justice Commission 2181:85mm Type 60 anti-tank guns 1983:Inspector General of Police 1861:Inspector General of Police 1765: 1544:Lead up to the insurrection 1483:Inspector General of Police 1465:Initial government response 937:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 697:Ministers of the Government 536:80,000 followers (estimate) 393:N. Jayasinghe (Loku Athula) 10: 7963: 7942:Indian Peace Keeping Force 7912:Wars involving North Korea 6815:Sino-Indian border dispute 6644:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 6574:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 6332:1976 Argentine coup d'état 6244:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 6194:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 5878:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 5846:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 5535:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 5302:Asian Relations Conference 4896:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 4459:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 4364:Batalanda detention centre 4130:Temple of the Tooth attack 4120:Pallekele Army Camp attack 3760:International Peacekeeping 3729:Warfare and Armed Conflict 3629: 3333:Rubin, Barnett R. (1975). 2732:"Revolution in retrospect" 2664:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 2560:and vice-president of the 2405:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 2402: 2343: 2207:donated 5,000 SLR rifles. 1843:to Wellawaya. At 7:00 am, 1556: 1531:Party of Labour of Albania 1342: 1200: 1173: 1135: 1131: 32:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 29: 7932:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 7851: 7800: 7722: 7699:William Appleman Williams 7644:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 7426: 7398: 7347: 7279: 7272: 7206: 7071: 6996: 6926: 6919: 6828: 6775: 6707: 6420: 6159:Bangladesh Liberation War 6149:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 6064: 6036:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 6024:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 5687: 5462:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 5439: 5149: 5087: 5013:2012 Welikada prison riot 4918: 4863: 4813: 4804:Nikapitiye Bandara Revolt 4734: 4723: 4657: 4626: 4472: 4441: 4377: 4334: 4316:Frontline Socialist Party 4308: 4277: 4245: 4225: 4205: 4160: 4148: 4093: 2693:Nagalingam Shanmugathasan 2562:World Veterans Federation 2533: 2520:Nagalimgam Shanmugathasan 2422:Incentives for resurgence 2381:National Service Regiment 2369: 2334:assistant superintendents 2126:104th Helicopter Squadron 2092:Lockheed C-141 Starlifter 2048:International involvement 2001:in Anuradhapura, Colonel 1553:Anti-Vietnam War protests 1447:Scottish Aviation Pioneer 1176:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 1170:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 1088:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 917:Grama Niladhari divisions 587: 550:: 37 killed; 195 wounded 540: 534:10,000–12,000 combatants 512: 441:Royal Ceylon Armed Forces 425: 286: 136: 65: 54: 46: 41: 7917:Wars involving Sri Lanka 6474:1980 Turkish coup d'état 6309:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 6279:1978 Somali coup attempt 6239:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 6204:1973 Chilean coup d'état 6029:Revolutionary Government 5923:South African Border War 5715:1960 Turkish coup d'état 5632:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 5487:1953 Iranian coup d'état 5467:1952 Egyptian revolution 5039:2022 Sri Lankan protests 4973:Welikada prison massacre 4798:2nd Kuruvita rala Revolt 4792:1st Kuruvita rala Revolt 4569:Second Kandyan–Dutch War 4326:Jathika Nidahas Peramuna 4309:Factions & spin offs 4253:Socialist Students Union 4197:Anura Kumara Dissanayake 2679: 2385:Sri Lanka Reserve Police 2383:. The police formed the 2379:and the army formed the 2263:The RCyAF took out five 2053:International assistance 1459:Hunting Jet Provost T51s 1435:No. 2 Transport Squadron 1220:Socialist Students Union 1156:S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike 890:Administrative geography 737:Leader of the Opposition 630:Previous constitutions: 583:Several leaders arrested 30:Not to be confused with 7947:Rebellions in Sri Lanka 6679:Fall of the Berlin Wall 6624:People Power Revolution 6609:Central American crisis 6549:1986 Black Sea incident 6199:1973 Afghan coup d'état 6097:Western Sahara conflict 5908:1966 Syrian coup d'état 5831:1963 Syrian coup d'état 5774:Portuguese Colonial War 5737:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 5502:1954 Syrian coup d'état 5379:Annexation of Hyderabad 5322:1947–1949 Palestine war 4786:Kangara arachchi Revolt 4564:First Kandyan–Dutch War 4359:Sooriyakanda mass grave 4321:Janatha Sevaka Pakshaya 4260:Socialist Women's Union 4182:Saman Piyasiri Fernando 4047:17 January 2006 at the 3440:Fernando, Menaka Ashi. 2157:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 1801:Felix Dias Bandaranaike 1702:"1971 JVP insurrection" 1379:Bren light machine guns 1095:Government of Sri Lanka 6973:Neoclassical economics 6484:Gulf of Sidra incident 6041:1969 Libyan revolution 5732:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 5517:1954 Geneva Conference 5277:Turkish straits crisis 5272:Corfu Channel incident 4979:1987 Trincomalee riots 4756:Queen Sugala rebellion 4670:Ceylon in World War II 4285:People's Alliance (PA) 3108:. 2007. pp. 9–10. 2607:– Member of Parliament 2415:low intensity conflict 2390:1977 general elections 2326:Aleric Abeygunawardena 1579:Ceylon Communist Party 1503:Ceylon Volunteer Force 1423:Royal Ceylon Air Force 1359:attempted coup in 1962 1215: 1190:Ceylon Communist Party 1164:attempted coup in 1962 952:Diplomatic missions of 757:Constitutional Council 287:Commanders and leaders 210:Military intervention: 27:Armed revolt in Ceylon 7887:1971 JVP insurrection 7823:Russia–NATO relations 7704:Jonathan Reed Winkler 6988:Democratic capitalism 6983:Supply-side economics 6951:American conservatism 6750:Breakup of Yugoslavia 6639:Bougainville conflict 6554:South Yemen civil war 6489:Martial law in Poland 6352:Nicaraguan Revolution 6327:Dirty War (Argentina) 6134:1971 JVP insurrection 5948:Years of Lead (Italy) 5826:North Yemen civil war 5744:Berlin Crisis of 1961 5720:Albanian–Soviet split 5652:1959 Tibetan uprising 5617:Syrian Crisis of 1957 5472:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 5332:1948 Arab–Israeli War 4984:Kalutara prison riots 4956:1977 Sri Lankan riots 4935:1953 Ceylonese Hartal 4885:1971 JVP insurrection 4530:Battle of Mulleriyawa 4495:Polonnaruwa–Pagan War 4480:Battle of Vijithapura 4454:1971 JVP insurrection 4257:Socialist Youth Union 4192:Somawansa Amarasinghe 4125:Magazine prison break 3918:. South Asia studies. 3493:"Crushing the revolt" 2643:– Became a journalist 2629:Somawansa Amarasinghe 2599:Rebels and supporters 2588:Premawathie Manamperi 2360:rigorous imprisonment 2159:F fighter bombers, a 2042:Sumanapala Dahanayake 1999:E. T. De Z Abeysekera 1937:except for cities of 1888:First wave of attacks 1785:Somawansa Amarasinghe 1634:, Sunanda Deshpriya, 1585:Accidental explosions 1495:1970 general election 1453:helicopters; and the 1395:Daimler Armoured Cars 1375:Sten sub machine guns 1351:Ceylon's armed forces 1269:United National Party 1265:1970 General Election 1213: 1160:Sirimavo Bandaranaike 1152:United National Party 1113:United National Party 1102:Sirimavo Bandaranaike 601:Politics of Sri Lanka 541:Casualties and losses 524:Soviet Air Forces: 60 472:Pakistan Armed Forces 126:Sabaragamuwa Province 42:1971 JVP insurrection 7937:Wars involving India 7897:Communist rebellions 7244:Non-Aligned Movement 6866:Peaceful coexistence 6820:North Borneo dispute 6735:German reunification 6730:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 6428:Salvadoran Civil War 6377:Grand Mosque seizure 6372:Yemenite War of 1979 6264:Mozambican Civil War 6219:Carnation Revolution 6174:Yemenite War of 1972 6112:1970 Polish protests 5943:1967 Hong Kong riots 5918:Argentine Revolution 5868:Guatemalan Civil War 5796:Cuban Missile Crisis 5710:Bay of Pigs Invasion 5582:1956 Poznań protests 5560:Geneva Summit (1955) 5162:Hukbalahap Rebellion 5141:Non-Aligned Movement 4990:Bindunuwewa massacre 4945:1958 Ceylonese riots 4940:1956 Ceylonese riots 4930:1915 Ceylonese riots 4890:Sri Lankan Civil War 4852:Cocos Islands mutiny 4611:Cocos Islands mutiny 4542:Dutch–Portuguese War 4464:Sri Lankan Civil War 4110:1987–89 Insurrection 3544:Alles, A.C. (1976). 2659:1967 Hong Kong riots 2454:improve this section 2300:Premawathi Manamperi 2265:Hunting Jet Provosts 2108:were airlifted from 2039:member of parliament 2005:in Badulla, Colonel 1687:improve this article 1625:Vidyodaya University 1383:Vickers machine guns 1188:medical student and 1138:History of Sri Lanka 1097:(then Ceylon) under 1022:Sri Lanka portal 742:Member of Parliament 692:Cabinet of Ministers 506:Korean People's Army 165:Sri Lankan Coalition 7902:Cold War rebellions 7689:Alex von Tunzelmann 7679:Vladimir Tismăneanu 7604:Thomas J. McCormick 7599:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 7499:Robert Hugh Ferrell 7362:Crusade for Freedom 7159:Illiberal democracy 7043:Ho Chi Minh Thought 6846:Eisenhower Doctrine 6699:Peaceful Revolution 6694:Romanian Revolution 6674:Revolutions of 1989 6659:1988 Polish strikes 6569:Operation INFEKTION 6564:1987 Lieyu massacre 6469:Eritrean Civil Wars 6452:Peruvian Revolution 6402:1979 Herat uprising 6392:Sino-Vietnamese War 6357:Uganda–Tanzania War 6337:Egyptian–Libyan War 6304:Third Indochina War 6299:Sino-Albanian split 6289:Ethiopian Civil War 6189:Eritrean Civil Wars 6129:Ping-pong diplomacy 6102:Cambodian Civil War 5928:Korean DMZ Conflict 5913:Cultural Revolution 5883:Dominican Civil War 5861:Tlatelolco massacre 5647:1959 Mosul uprising 5637:1958 Lebanon crisis 5364:Al-Wathbah uprising 5287:First Indochina War 5257:Iran crisis of 1946 4846:Suriya-Mal Movement 4840:Temperance movement 4535:Campaign of Danture 4177:Upatissa Gamanayake 3927:. Colombo: Agahas. 3873:Samaranaike, Gamini 3696:The Years of Terror 3613:on 13 December 2014 3321:Wickremesekera 2016 2635:Upatissa Gamanayake 2605:S. D. Bandaranayake 2411:second insurrection 1957:Government response 1915:Bell 206A JetRanger 1872:Viharamahadevi Park 1773:Panagoda Cantonment 1501:, a captain in the 1419:coastal motor boats 1313:People's Liberation 1079:(also known as the 819:Election Commission 789:Magistrate's Courts 732:Leader of the House 588:1,200 total killed 459:Indian Armed Forces 300:Sirima Bandaranaike 73:April 5 – June 1971 7843:Russian Revolution 7639:Mary Elise Sarotte 7624:William B. Pickett 7549:Patrick J. Hearden 7529:Gabriel Gorodetsky 7524:Timothy Garton Ash 7509:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 7104:Ethnic nationalism 6856:Hallstein Doctrine 6740:Yemeni unification 6529:1985 Geneva Summit 6494:Casamance conflict 6397:New Jewel Movement 6382:Iranian Revolution 6367:Chadian–Libyan War 6314:Cambodian conflict 6294:Lebanese Civil War 6284:Western Sahara War 6259:June 1976 protests 6254:Cambodian genocide 6019:17 July Revolution 5973:Nigerian Civil War 5888:Rhodesian Bush War 5873:Colombian conflict 5816:Ramadan Revolution 5555:Bandung Conference 5431:Operation Valuable 5312:Partition of India 5033:Mahara prison riot 4768:Rajarata Rebellion 4606:Easter Sunday Raid 4246:Party institutions 3879:. Gyan publishers. 3639:The JVP, 1969–1989 3154:. Colombotelegraph 3043:on 29 January 2022 2995:The New York Times 2623:Mahinda Wijesekara 2177:76mm mountain guns 2122:Chetak helicopters 2009:in Galle, Colonel 2007:Douglas Ramanayake 1995:counter-insurgency 1877:Stanley Senanayake 1619:Decision to attack 1608:state of emergency 1597:State of emergency 1515:Denzil Kobbekaduwa 1507:lieutenant colonel 1499:Anuruddha Ratwatte 1451:Bell 206 JetRanger 1443:de Havilland Heron 1429:consisted of nine 1403:anti-aircraft guns 1256:speech that year. 1224:Mahinda Wijesekara 1216: 1186:Lumumba University 83:Dominion of Ceylon 7874: 7873: 7861:List of conflicts 7709:Rudolph Winnacker 7654:Giles Scott-Smith 7629:Ronald E. Powaski 7584:Melvyn P. Leffler 7514:John Lewis Gaddis 7489:Robert D. English 7454:Warren H. Carroll 7444:Michael Beschloss 7413:Nuclear arms race 7394: 7393: 7300:Neues Deutschland 7202: 7201: 7184:White nationalism 7154:Liberal democracy 6891:Ulbricht Doctrine 6881:Brezhnev Doctrine 6689:Velvet Revolution 6433:Soviet–Afghan War 6249:Angolan Civil War 6046:Goulash Communism 5903:ASEAN Declaration 5856:Mexican Dirty War 5754:Annexation of Goa 5705:1960 U-2 incident 5679:Sino-Soviet split 5657:Laotian Civil War 5497:Bricker Amendment 5477:Mau Mau rebellion 5421:Malayan Emergency 5409:Chinese Civil War 5369:Tito–Stalin split 5223:Division of Korea 5047: 5046: 4914: 4913: 4892: (1983-2009) 4848: (1933–1939) 4830: (1817–1818) 4806: (1616–1617) 4800: (1616–1619) 4776: (1186–1187) 4758: (1157–1158) 4752: (1110-1153) 4678: 4677: 4505:Pandyan Civil War 4388: 4387: 4354:Matale mass grave 4187:Lalith Wijerathna 4105:1971 Insurrection 3990:Wijeweera, Rohana 3934:978-955-0230-03-7 3546:Insurgency - 1971 3367:. 8 February 2009 3250:Chandraprema 1991 2617:Jayadeva Uyangoda 2490: 2489: 2482: 2400:'s 3.2 million). 2398:J. R. Jayewardene 2280:Ground operations 2163:trainer, and two 2099:Ratmalana Airport 1987:S. A. Dissanayake 1935:Southern Province 1857:Rudra Rajasingham 1763: 1762: 1755: 1737: 1632:Jayadeva Uyangoda 1573:, members of the 1511:internal security 1491:Dudley Senanayake 1475:internal security 1439:de Havilland Dove 1407:Royal Ceylon Navy 1244:(CID) unit under 1238:J. R. Jayewardene 1233:central committee 1065: 1064: 969:Visa requirements 930:Foreign relations 877:Political parties 823:Recent elections 594: 593: 565:5,700 surrendered 485:Soviet Air Forces 132: 131: 128:for several weeks 122:Southern Province 18:1971 Insurrection 16:(Redirected from 7954: 7619:David S. Painter 7544:John Earl Haynes 7474:Nicholas J. Cull 7459:Adrian Cioroianu 7439:Thomas A. Bailey 7386:Voice of America 7277: 7276: 7189:White separatism 7169:Social democracy 7164:Guided democracy 7144:Authoritarianism 7094:Ultranationalism 7084:Anti-imperialism 7011:Marxism–Leninism 6924: 6923: 6911:Kinmen Agreement 6876:Johnson Doctrine 6861:Kennedy Doctrine 6777:Frozen conflicts 6760:1991 August Coup 6649:Afghan Civil War 6544:Reykjavík Summit 6539:Somali Rebellion 6479:Ugandan Bush War 6457:Gdańsk Agreement 5978:Protests of 1968 5958:War of Attrition 5667:Cuban Revolution 5603:We will bury you 5570:Cyprus Emergency 5550:Kashmir Princess 5540:Jebel Akhdar War 5389:Western betrayal 5074: 5067: 5060: 5051: 5050: 4834:Matale rebellion 4762:Ruhuna Rebellion 4744:Velakkara revolt 4732: 4731: 4718: 4717: 4705: 4698: 4691: 4682: 4681: 4665:Military history 4658:Related articles 4586:Matale rebellion 4433: 4431: 4430: 4415: 4408: 4401: 4392: 4391: 4382: 4381:Communism Portal 4335:Related articles 4229: 4209: 4172:Rohana Wijeweera 4164: 4154: 4097: 4087: 4078: 4071: 4064: 4055: 4054: 4019: 4018: 4016:Official website 3986: 3984: 3938: 3919: 3903: 3880: 3868: 3829: 3827: 3825: 3812: 3797:Pakistan Horizon 3791: 3754: 3737:Gunaratna, Rohan 3732: 3723: 3717: 3709: 3690: 3679:. Crane Russak. 3671: 3642: 3623: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3609:. Archived from 3596: 3590: 3589: 3587: 3585: 3580:on 20 April 2023 3576:. Archived from 3570: 3564: 3563: 3556: 3550: 3549: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3532: 3530: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3498:The Sunday Times 3488: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3470:The Sunday Times 3460: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3437: 3431: 3428:Arasaratnam 1972 3425: 3419: 3418: 3407: 3401: 3395: 3389: 3386:Samaranaike 2008 3383: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3330: 3324: 3318: 3309: 3308: 3306: 3304: 3286: 3280: 3277:Karunaratne 2020 3274: 3265: 3259: 3253: 3247: 3241: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3222: 3216: 3215: 3213: 3211: 3203:The Sunday Times 3194: 3188: 3182: 3176: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3148: 3142: 3139:Samaranaike 2008 3136: 3130: 3129: 3117: 3111: 3109: 3102: 3096: 3090: 3081: 3080: 3078: 3076: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3050: 3048: 3039:. Archived from 3026: 3007: 3006: 3004: 3002: 2985: 2979: 2973: 2967: 2961: 2955: 2954: 2940: 2934: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2912:on 24 March 2023 2908:. Archived from 2895: 2880: 2874: 2868: 2862: 2856: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2818: 2812: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2792: 2781: 2775: 2766: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2744:on 24 April 2023 2737:The Sunday Times 2728: 2696: 2690: 2527:Ravi Jayewardene 2485: 2478: 2474: 2471: 2465: 2434: 2426: 2409:The JVP began a 2356:T. W. Rajaratnam 2242:Turning the tide 2150:Soviet Air Force 2118:RCyAF Katunayake 2023:Dennis Hapugalle 2019:Tissa Weeratunga 2011:Derrick Nugawela 1925:and the town of 1815:Wellawaya attack 1781:RCyAF Katunayake 1758: 1751: 1747: 1744: 1738: 1736: 1695: 1671: 1663: 1613:Kegalle District 1591:Kegalle District 1505:was promoted to 1371:Lee–Enfield .303 1309:Janatha Vimukthi 1229:Marxism–Leninism 1182:Rohana Wijeweera 1148:D. S. Senanayake 1057: 1050: 1043: 1020: 1019: 1018: 1004:Sri Lanka Portal 641:Law of Sri Lanka 612: 596: 595: 582: 581: 580: 573: 572: 564: 563: 562: 533: 532: 531: 504: 502: 501: 483: 481: 480: 470: 468: 467: 457: 456: 439: 438: 420: 419: 418: 410: 402: 401: 400: 391: 390: 389: 383:W.T.Karunnarathe 382: 381: 380: 373: 366: 365: 364: 357:Rohana Wijeweera 355: 354: 353: 342: 341: 331: 330: 322:S.A. Dissanayake 320: 319: 311:Sepala Attygalle 309: 308: 298: 297: 279: 278: 262: 261: 260: 248: 246: 245: 235: 233: 232: 222: 220: 219: 200: 199: 198: 190:CCP (Pro-Soviet) 188: 187: 186: 176: 175: 174: 163: 162: 150: 148: 147: 67: 66: 59: 39: 38: 21: 7962: 7961: 7957: 7956: 7955: 7953: 7952: 7951: 7877: 7876: 7875: 7870: 7847: 7838:Second Cold War 7796: 7724: 7718: 7694:Odd Arne Westad 7684:Patrick Vaughan 7669:Athan Theoharis 7649:Ellen Schrecker 7634:Yakov M. Rabkin 7609:Timothy Naftali 7554:Tvrtko Jakovina 7539:Jussi Hanhimäki 7422: 7400: 7390: 7368:Paix et Liberté 7343: 7287:Active measures 7268: 7198: 7179:White supremacy 7139:Totalitarianism 7067: 6992: 6915: 6901:Reagan Doctrine 6896:Carter Doctrine 6836:Truman Doctrine 6824: 6771: 6703: 6598:Soviet reaction 6509:Ndogboyosoi War 6416: 6387:Saur Revolution 6214:1973 oil crisis 6179:Munich massacre 6087:Alcora Exercise 6082:Black September 6060: 5806:Sino-Indian War 5700:Simba rebellion 5683: 5527:Capture of the 5435: 5374:Berlin Blockade 5307:May 1947 crises 5297:Truman Doctrine 5262:Greek Civil War 5251:Blacklist Forty 5218:Gouzenko Affair 5205:Cursed soldiers 5157:Morgenthau Plan 5145: 5083: 5078: 5048: 5043: 4996:Mawanella riots 4921: 4910: 4866: 4859: 4809: 4736: 4727: 4725: 4719: 4712: 4709: 4679: 4674: 4653: 4622: 4591:Second Boer War 4468: 4437: 4428: 4426: 4423:armed conflicts 4419: 4389: 4384: 4380: 4373: 4330: 4304: 4273: 4241: 4227: 4221: 4217:13th Parliament 4207: 4201: 4162: 4156: 4155: 4146: 4095: 4089: 4085: 4082: 4049:Wayback Machine 4014: 4013: 4010: 3973:10.2307/2643171 3935: 3914: 3911: 3909:Further reading 3906: 3900: 3849:10.2307/2643170 3823: 3821: 3751: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3687: 3660:10.2307/2756507 3648:Pacific Affairs 3632: 3627: 3626: 3616: 3614: 3597: 3593: 3583: 3581: 3572: 3571: 3567: 3558: 3557: 3553: 3542: 3538: 3528: 3526: 3518: 3517: 3513: 3503: 3501: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3473: 3461: 3457: 3447: 3445: 3438: 3434: 3430:, pp. 7–8. 3426: 3422: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3396: 3392: 3384: 3380: 3370: 3368: 3359: 3358: 3354: 3344: 3342: 3331: 3327: 3319: 3312: 3302: 3300: 3287: 3283: 3275: 3268: 3260: 3256: 3248: 3244: 3234: 3232: 3224: 3223: 3219: 3209: 3207: 3196: 3195: 3191: 3183: 3179: 3171: 3167: 3157: 3155: 3150: 3149: 3145: 3137: 3133: 3118: 3114: 3104: 3103: 3099: 3091: 3084: 3074: 3072: 3060: 3056: 3046: 3044: 3027: 3010: 3000: 2998: 2986: 2982: 2974: 2970: 2962: 2958: 2941: 2937: 2931:Clodfelter 2002 2929: 2925: 2915: 2913: 2896: 2883: 2875: 2871: 2863: 2859: 2847: 2843: 2833: 2831: 2828:New Left Review 2819: 2815: 2805: 2803: 2794: 2793: 2784: 2776: 2769: 2761: 2757: 2747: 2745: 2730: 2729: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2699: 2691: 2687: 2682: 2650: 2601: 2558:Ruhunu Regiment 2536: 2516: 2511: 2509:Notable figures 2486: 2475: 2469: 2466: 2451: 2435: 2424: 2407: 2377:Volunteer Force 2372: 2348: 2342: 2322: 2313: 2308: 2282: 2261: 2244: 2239: 2230: 2213: 2132:in Ceylon. 150 2055: 2050: 2015:Cyril Ranatunga 1959: 1923:Matara District 1890: 1855:(Ops), and DIG 1829:D. S. Attygalle 1817: 1789:Welikada Prison 1768: 1759: 1748: 1742: 1739: 1696: 1694: 1684: 1672: 1661: 1640:police stations 1621: 1599: 1587: 1575:Mao Youth Front 1561: 1555: 1546: 1523: 1467: 1347: 1341: 1277: 1208: 1203: 1178: 1172: 1140: 1134: 1061: 1032: 1028:Other countries 1016: 1014: 1009: 1008: 987: 979: 978: 960: 948: 932: 922: 921: 892: 882: 881: 871: 853:Parliamentary: 847: 814: 804: 803: 799:Labour Tribunal 784:District Courts 774:Court of Appeal 748: 708: 666: 656: 655: 651:Law enforcement 626: 603: 589: 578: 576: 575: 567: 566: 560: 558: 535: 529: 527: 523: 521: 520:1,900 Air Force 519: 499: 497: 478: 476: 465: 463: 451: 443: 433: 421:Walter De Silva 416: 414: 398: 396: 395: 387: 385: 384: 378: 376: 375: 369: 362: 360: 359: 351: 349: 336: 335: 325: 324: 314: 313: 303: 302: 292: 273: 272: 268: 258: 256: 243: 241: 230: 228: 217: 215: 196: 194: 184: 182: 172: 170: 157: 145: 143: 116: 85: 60: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7960: 7950: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7929: 7924: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7894: 7892:1971 in Ceylon 7889: 7872: 7871: 7869: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7852: 7849: 7848: 7846: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7804: 7802: 7798: 7797: 7795: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7739: 7734: 7728: 7726: 7720: 7719: 7717: 7716: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7664:Timothy Snyder 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7594:Vojtech Mastny 7591: 7589:Geir Lundestad 7586: 7581: 7579:Walter Laqueur 7576: 7574:Walter LaFeber 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7504:André Fontaine 7501: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7434:Gar Alperovitz 7430: 7428: 7424: 7423: 7421: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7404: 7402: 7396: 7395: 7392: 7391: 7389: 7388: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7371: 7364: 7359: 7351: 7349: 7345: 7344: 7342: 7341: 7334: 7329: 7322: 7315: 7310: 7303: 7296: 7289: 7283: 7281: 7274: 7270: 7269: 7267: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7210: 7208: 7204: 7203: 7200: 7199: 7197: 7196: 7191: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7174:Third-Worldism 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7075: 7073: 7069: 7068: 7066: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7002: 7000: 6994: 6993: 6991: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6963:Libertarianism 6960: 6955: 6954: 6953: 6943: 6941:Chicago school 6938: 6932: 6930: 6921: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6886:Nixon Doctrine 6883: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6848: 6843: 6838: 6832: 6830: 6829:Foreign policy 6826: 6825: 6823: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6781: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6769: 6764: 6763: 6762: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6711: 6709: 6705: 6704: 6702: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6614:Operation RYAN 6611: 6606: 6601: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6521: 6519:Able Archer 83 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6466: 6465: 6464: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6435: 6430: 6424: 6422: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6269:Oromo conflict 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6209:Yom Kippur War 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6068: 6066: 6062: 6061: 6059: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6032: 6031: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5992: 5987: 5986: 5985: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5864: 5863: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5841:Aden Emergency 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5798: 5793: 5792: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5759:Papua conflict 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5740: 5739: 5729: 5728: 5727: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5691: 5689: 5685: 5684: 5682: 5681: 5676: 5675: 5674: 5664: 5662:Kitchen Debate 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5622:Sputnik crisis 5619: 5614: 5606: 5599: 5594: 5592:Polish October 5589: 5584: 5579: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5492:Pact of Madrid 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5447:Bamboo Curtain 5443: 5441: 5437: 5436: 5434: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5417: 5416: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5340: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5246: 5238: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5207: 5202: 5201: 5200: 5195: 5187: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5153: 5151: 5147: 5146: 5144: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5096: 5088: 5085: 5084: 5077: 5076: 5069: 5062: 5054: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5041: 5036: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5005: 5002:Beruwala riots 4999: 4993: 4987: 4981: 4976: 4970: 4964: 4958: 4953: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4926: 4924: 4922:civil disorder 4916: 4915: 4912: 4911: 4909: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4871: 4869: 4867:(1948–present) 4861: 4860: 4858: 4857: 4856: 4855: 4849: 4843: 4837: 4831: 4819: 4817: 4815:British Ceylon 4811: 4810: 4808: 4807: 4801: 4795: 4789: 4783: 4777: 4771: 4765: 4759: 4753: 4747: 4740: 4738: 4729: 4721: 4720: 4708: 4707: 4700: 4693: 4685: 4676: 4675: 4673: 4672: 4667: 4661: 4659: 4655: 4654: 4652: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4630: 4628: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4620: 4615: 4614: 4613: 4608: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4582: 4581: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4560: 4559: 4554: 4544: 4539: 4538: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4525:Siege of Kotte 4517: 4515:Ming–Kotte War 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4476: 4474: 4470: 4469: 4467: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4445: 4443: 4439: 4438: 4418: 4417: 4410: 4403: 4395: 4386: 4385: 4378: 4375: 4374: 4372: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4350: 4349: 4347:Assassinations 4338: 4336: 4332: 4331: 4329: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4312: 4310: 4306: 4305: 4303: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4281: 4279: 4275: 4274: 4272: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4249: 4247: 4243: 4242: 4240: 4239: 4233: 4231: 4223: 4222: 4220: 4219: 4213: 4211: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4168: 4166: 4158: 4157: 4149: 4147: 4145: 4144: 4139: 4138: 4137: 4135:Assassinations 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4107: 4101: 4099: 4091: 4090: 4081: 4080: 4073: 4066: 4058: 4052: 4051: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4009: 4008:External links 4006: 4005: 4004: 3987: 3967:(9): 745–757. 3956: 3942:Halliday, Fred 3939: 3933: 3920: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3904: 3898: 3881: 3869: 3843:(9): 727–744. 3830: 3813: 3792: 3766:(3): 357–374. 3755: 3749: 3733: 3724: 3704: 3691: 3685: 3672: 3654:(3): 356–371. 3643: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3625: 3624: 3591: 3565: 3551: 3536: 3511: 3483: 3455: 3432: 3420: 3402: 3400:, p. 163. 3390: 3388:, p. 371. 3378: 3352: 3325: 3310: 3281: 3266: 3262:Gunaratna 1990 3254: 3242: 3217: 3206:. 4 April 2021 3189: 3187:, p. 145. 3177: 3165: 3143: 3141:, p. 213. 3131: 3112: 3097: 3082: 3054: 3008: 2980: 2978:, p. 222. 2968: 2966:, p. 185. 2956: 2953:(19): 965–968. 2935: 2933:, p. 669. 2923: 2881: 2869: 2857: 2841: 2813: 2782: 2780:, p. 109. 2778:Gunaratna 1990 2767: 2755: 2707: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2697: 2684: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2677: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2649: 2646: 2645: 2644: 2638: 2632: 2626: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2600: 2597: 2596: 2595: 2585: 2570:Noel Weerakoon 2564: 2535: 2532: 2531: 2530: 2523: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2488: 2487: 2470:September 2021 2438: 2436: 2429: 2423: 2420: 2403:Main article: 2371: 2368: 2344:Main article: 2341: 2338: 2330:crown counsels 2321: 2318: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2281: 2278: 2274:Sergeant pilot 2269:RCyAF Chinabay 2260: 2259:Air operations 2257: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2229: 2226: 2212: 2209: 2175:supplied four 2134:Indian Gorkhas 2063:United Kingdom 2054: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2037:, where local 2031:Noel Weerakoon 2003:S. D. Ratwatte 1958: 1955: 1931:Galle District 1889: 1886: 1816: 1813: 1805:Army Commander 1767: 1764: 1761: 1760: 1675: 1673: 1666: 1660: 1657: 1620: 1617: 1598: 1595: 1586: 1583: 1557:Main article: 1554: 1551: 1545: 1542: 1522: 1519: 1479:John Attygalle 1466: 1463: 1415:HMCyS Gajabahu 1343:Main article: 1340: 1337: 1276: 1273: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1174:Main article: 1171: 1168: 1133: 1130: 1099:Prime Minister 1063: 1062: 1060: 1059: 1052: 1045: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1031: 1030: 1024: 1011: 1010: 1007: 1006: 1000: 999: 994: 988: 986:Related issues 985: 984: 981: 980: 977: 976: 971: 966: 959: 958: 947: 946: 945: 944: 933: 928: 927: 924: 923: 920: 919: 914: 909: 907:Municipalities 904: 899: 893: 888: 887: 884: 883: 880: 879: 874: 873: 872: 870: 869: 862: 857: 850: 848: 846: 845: 838: 833: 829:Presidential: 826: 821: 815: 810: 809: 806: 805: 802: 801: 796: 794:Primary Courts 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 770: 769: 759: 747: 746: 745: 744: 739: 734: 729: 727:Deputy Speaker 724: 707: 706: 705: 704: 694: 689: 682:Prime Minister 679: 667: 662: 661: 658: 657: 654: 653: 648: 643: 638: 627: 622: 621: 618: 617: 614: 613: 605: 604: 599: 592: 591: 585: 584: 556: 543: 542: 538: 537: 525: 515: 514: 510: 509: 508: 495: 489: 488: 487: 474: 461: 449: 444: 428: 427: 426:Units involved 423: 422: 346: 289: 288: 284: 283: 254: 253: 252: 239: 226: 207: 206: 205: 204: 192: 180: 167:(from May 15) 139: 138: 134: 133: 130: 129: 118: 112: 111: 110: 109: 102: 99: 91: 87: 86: 81: 79: 75: 74: 71: 63: 62: 52: 51: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7959: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7884: 7882: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7853: 7850: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7828:War on terror 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7805: 7803: 7799: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7729: 7727: 7723:Espionage and 7721: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7674:Andrew Thorpe 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7569:Gabriel Kolko 7567: 7565: 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7534:Fred Halliday 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7519:Lloyd Gardner 7517: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7479:Norman Davies 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7464:John Costello 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7431: 7429: 7425: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7405: 7403: 7399:Technological 7397: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7378: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7369: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7357: 7353: 7352: 7350: 7346: 7340: 7339: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7327: 7323: 7321: 7320: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7308: 7304: 7302: 7301: 7297: 7295: 7294: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7284: 7282: 7280:Pro-communist 7278: 7275: 7271: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7211: 7209: 7207:Organizations 7205: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7076: 7074: 7070: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7038: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7021:Eurocommunism 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7001: 6999: 6995: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6952: 6949: 6948: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6933: 6931: 6929: 6925: 6922: 6918: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6851:Domino theory 6849: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6833: 6831: 6827: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6805:South Ossetia 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6782: 6780: 6778: 6774: 6768: 6765: 6761: 6758: 6757: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6712: 6710: 6706: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6599: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6589:8888 Uprising 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6534:Iran–Iraq War 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6499:Falklands War 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6463: 6460: 6459: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6425: 6423: 6419: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6362:NDF Rebellion 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6342:German Autumn 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6322: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6229:Metapolitefsi 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6124: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6069: 6067: 6063: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6030: 6027: 6026: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5998: 5993: 5991: 5990:Prague Spring 5988: 5984: 5981: 5980: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5968:Al-Wadiah War 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5933:12-3 incident 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5862: 5859: 5858: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5776: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5738: 5735: 5734: 5733: 5730: 5726: 5723: 5722: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5692: 5690: 5686: 5680: 5677: 5673: 5670: 5669: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5612: 5607: 5604: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5577: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5530: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5512:Domino theory 5510: 5508: 5507:Petrov Affair 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5444: 5442: 5438: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5415: 5412: 5411: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5384:Madiun Affair 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5344:Marshall Plan 5342: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5324: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5252: 5247: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5237: 5236: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5213: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5193: 5188: 5186: 5185: 5180: 5179: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5154: 5152: 5148: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5101: 5097: 5095: 5094: 5093:United States 5090: 5089: 5086: 5082: 5075: 5070: 5068: 5063: 5061: 5056: 5055: 5052: 5040: 5037: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5003: 5000: 4997: 4994: 4991: 4988: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4974: 4971: 4968: 4965: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4927: 4925: 4923: 4917: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4872: 4870: 4868: 4862: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4824: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4805: 4802: 4799: 4796: 4793: 4790: 4787: 4784: 4782: (1470s) 4781: 4778: 4775: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4763: 4760: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4733: 4730: 4722: 4716: 4706: 4701: 4699: 4694: 4692: 4687: 4686: 4683: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4662: 4660: 4656: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4625: 4619: 4616: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4580: 4577: 4576: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4549: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4523: 4522: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4477: 4475: 4471: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4446: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4424: 4416: 4411: 4409: 4404: 4402: 4397: 4396: 4393: 4383: 4376: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4343: 4340: 4339: 4337: 4333: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4313: 4311: 4307: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4282: 4280: 4276: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4250: 4248: 4244: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4232: 4230: 4224: 4218: 4215: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4204: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4159: 4153: 4143: 4140: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4112: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4092: 4088: 4079: 4074: 4072: 4067: 4065: 4060: 4059: 4056: 4050: 4046: 4043: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4017: 4012: 4011: 4003: 4002:0-14-021822-X 3999: 3995: 3991: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3957: 3955: 3954:0-14-021822-X 3951: 3947: 3943: 3940: 3936: 3930: 3926: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3912: 3901: 3899:9781317293859 3895: 3891: 3887: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3837: 3831: 3819: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3756: 3752: 3750:9789552600043 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3725: 3721: 3715: 3707: 3701: 3698:. Sri Lanka. 3697: 3692: 3688: 3682: 3678: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3644: 3640: 3637:Alles, A. C. 3635: 3634: 3612: 3608: 3607: 3602: 3595: 3579: 3575: 3569: 3561: 3555: 3547: 3540: 3525: 3521: 3515: 3500: 3499: 3494: 3487: 3472: 3471: 3466: 3459: 3443: 3436: 3429: 3424: 3416: 3412: 3406: 3399: 3398:Bermudez 1990 3394: 3387: 3382: 3366: 3362: 3356: 3340: 3336: 3329: 3322: 3317: 3315: 3298: 3297: 3292: 3285: 3278: 3273: 3271: 3264:, p. 98. 3263: 3258: 3252:, p. 35. 3251: 3246: 3231: 3227: 3221: 3205: 3204: 3199: 3193: 3186: 3181: 3174: 3169: 3153: 3147: 3140: 3135: 3127: 3123: 3116: 3107: 3101: 3094: 3089: 3087: 3071: 3070: 3065: 3058: 3042: 3038: 3037: 3032: 3025: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 2997: 2996: 2991: 2984: 2977: 2972: 2965: 2960: 2952: 2948: 2947: 2939: 2932: 2927: 2911: 2907: 2906: 2901: 2894: 2892: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2879:, p. 34. 2878: 2873: 2866: 2861: 2854: 2850: 2845: 2830: 2829: 2824: 2817: 2801: 2797: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2779: 2774: 2772: 2764: 2759: 2743: 2739: 2738: 2733: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2708: 2694: 2689: 2685: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2651: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2602: 2593: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2579: 2578:RMA Sandhurst 2575: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2537: 2528: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2517: 2506: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2484: 2481: 2473: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2444: 2439:This section 2437: 2433: 2428: 2427: 2419: 2416: 2412: 2406: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2367: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2347: 2337: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2317: 2303: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2288: 2287:Alvis Saladin 2277: 2275: 2270: 2266: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2234: 2225: 2222: 2218: 2208: 2206: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2184: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2153:Antonov An-22 2151: 2145: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2116:(Chennai) to 2115: 2111: 2107: 2102: 2100: 2095: 2093: 2090: 2086: 2081: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2026: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1979: 1977: 1976:naval ratings 1973: 1967: 1965: 1954: 1950: 1948: 1947:Elephant Pass 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1885: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1849:Gratian Silva 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1827: 1826:Major General 1822: 1812: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1757: 1754: 1746: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1725: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1711: 1707: 1704: – 1703: 1699: 1698:Find sources: 1692: 1688: 1682: 1681: 1676:This section 1674: 1670: 1665: 1664: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1626: 1616: 1614: 1609: 1605: 1594: 1592: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1567: 1560: 1550: 1541: 1539: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1518: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1462: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1385:, with a few 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1355:Ceylon Police 1352: 1346: 1336: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1289:Tissamaharama 1286: 1282: 1272: 1270: 1266: 1263:(UF) for the 1262: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1234: 1230: 1225: 1221: 1212: 1198: 1196: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1177: 1167: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1139: 1129: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1039: 1038: 1036: 1035: 1029: 1026: 1025: 1023: 1013: 1012: 1005: 1002: 1001: 998: 995: 993: 990: 989: 983: 982: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 961: 957: 953: 950: 949: 943: 940: 939: 938: 935: 934: 931: 926: 925: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 898: 895: 894: 891: 886: 885: 878: 875: 868: 867: 863: 861: 858: 856: 852: 851: 849: 844: 843: 839: 837: 834: 832: 828: 827: 825: 824: 822: 820: 817: 816: 813: 808: 807: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 768: 767:Chief Justice 765: 764: 763: 762:Supreme Court 760: 758: 755: 754: 753: 752: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 719: 718: 715: 714: 713: 712: 703: 700: 699: 698: 695: 693: 690: 687: 683: 680: 677: 673: 670: 669: 665: 660: 659: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 633: 629: 628: 625: 620: 619: 616: 615: 611: 607: 606: 602: 598: 597: 586: 571: 557: 554: 551: 549: 545: 544: 539: 526: 517: 516: 511: 507: 496: 494: 491: 490: 486: 475: 473: 462: 460: 455: 450: 448: 447:Ceylon Police 445: 442: 437: 432: 431: 430: 429: 424: 413: 411: 405: 404:P. Kumarasiri 394: 374: 372: 358: 347: 345: 340: 334: 329: 323: 318: 312: 307: 301: 296: 291: 290: 285: 282: 277: 271: 270:Supported by: 267: 266: 255: 251: 240: 238: 227: 225: 214: 213: 212: 211: 203: 193: 191: 181: 179: 169: 168: 166: 161: 156: 155: 154: 153: 141: 140: 135: 127: 123: 119: 114: 113: 107: 104:Expulsion of 103: 100: 97: 96: 95: 92: 89: 88: 84: 80: 77: 76: 72: 69: 68: 64: 58: 53: 50: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 7833:Brinkmanship 7725:intelligence 7614:Marius Oprea 7564:Harvey Klehr 7494:Herbert Feis 7484:Willem Drees 7449:Archie Brown 7366: 7354: 7336: 7326:Trybuna Ludu 7324: 7317: 7313:Radio Moscow 7305: 7298: 7291: 7119:Anti-Zionism 7035: 6958:Keynesianism 6946:Conservatism 6810:Transnistria 6790:China-Taiwan 6447:Gera Demands 6320: 6133: 6121: 5996: 5801:El Porteñazo 5695:Congo Crisis 5610: 5545:Algerian War 5528: 5404:Western Bloc 5399:Eastern Bloc 5394:Iron Curtain 5250: 5242: 5234: 5211: 5191: 5183: 5100:Soviet Union 5098: 5091: 5035: (2020) 5004: (2002) 4998: (2001) 4992: (2000) 4986: (1997) 4975: (1983) 4969: (1983) 4963: (1981) 4884: 4854: (1942) 4842: (1895) 4836: (1848) 4794: (1603) 4788: (1603) 4770: (1168) 4764: (1160) 4746: (1084) 4627:Peacekeeping 4601:World War II 4574:Kandyan Wars 4453: 4142:1989–present 4104: 3993: 3964: 3961:Asian Survey 3960: 3945: 3924: 3915: 3885: 3876: 3840: 3836:Asian Survey 3834: 3822:. 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Retrieved 2742:the original 2735: 2688: 2594:beauty queen 2546:Rex De Costa 2491: 2476: 2467: 2452:Please help 2440: 2408: 2373: 2349: 2323: 2314: 2283: 2262: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2231: 2214: 2200:INS Godawari 2185: 2146: 2103: 2096: 2082: 2056: 2027: 1980: 1968: 1960: 1951: 1891: 1882:Temple Trees 1869: 1865:mobilization 1845:Radio Ceylon 1837:Gemunu Watch 1818: 1797:Radio Ceylon 1769: 1749: 1740: 1730: 1723: 1716: 1709: 1697: 1685:Please help 1680:verification 1677: 1659:Insurrection 1627: 1622: 1600: 1588: 1562: 1547: 1535: 1524: 1468: 1348: 1317: 1312: 1308: 1297:Anuradhapura 1278: 1261:United Front 1258: 1217: 1179: 1141: 1125:North Korean 1121:Soviet Union 1117:United Front 1110: 1106:armed forces 1092:United Front 1080: 1077:insurrection 1076: 1072: 1068: 1066: 956:in Sri Lanka 865: 841: 749: 709: 646:Human rights 624:Constitution 553:Armed Forces 546: 370: 348: 344:Paddy Mendis 333:D. V. Hunter 269: 263: 250:Soviet Union 209: 208: 164: 142: 137:Belligerents 106:North Korean 93: 47:Part of the 36: 7659:Shen Zhihua 7469:Michael Cox 7401:competition 7348:Pro-Western 7338:Soviet Life 7264:Safari Club 7234:Warsaw Pact 7089:Nationalism 7079:Imperialism 6978:Reaganomics 6841:Containment 6634:Perestroika 6123:Realpolitik 5953:Six-Day War 5938:Greek junta 5749:Berlin Wall 5597:Suez Crisis 5565:Vietnam War 5452:McCarthyism 5267:Baruch Plan 5212:Unthinkable 5172:Dekemvriana 5111:Warsaw Pact 4735:Monarchical 4596:World War I 4237:Dissanayake 4208:Governments 3617:12 December 3504:12 December 3476:25 December 3371:12 December 3323:, p. . 3299:. Sri Lanka 3001:25 December 2834:14 February 2748:12 December 2641:Victor Ivan 2582:Ceylon Army 2495:Jayawardena 2364:Loku Athula 2352:A. C. Alles 2320:Prosecution 2292:Loku Athula 2217:Kim Il-Sung 2211:North Korea 2196:INS Gomathi 2188:Indian Navy 2165:Kamov Ka-26 2059:telegraphed 1927:Ambalangoda 1919:RCyAF Ekala 1743:August 2019 1636:Loku Athula 1628:Sangaramaya 1571:Loku Athula 1521:Foreign aid 1363:Ceylon Army 1325:Victor Ivan 1250:Che Guevara 1184:, a former 1081:1971 Revolt 974:Visa policy 779:High Courts 711:Legislature 518:7,000 Army 281:North Korea 115:Territorial 7881:Categories 7427:Historians 7418:Space Race 7319:Rudé právo 7273:Propaganda 7129:Neo-Nazism 7099:Chauvinism 7053:Trotskyism 6968:Monetarism 6936:Liberalism 6928:Capitalism 6920:Ideologies 6871:Ostpolitik 6594:Solidarity 6559:Toyota War 6462:Solidarity 6319:Operation 6274:Ogaden War 5963:Dhofar War 5851:Shifta War 5609:Operation 5457:Korean War 5249:Operation 5241:Operation 5233:Operation 5210:Operation 5190:Operation 5182:Operation 4967:Black July 4728:rebellions 4425:involving 4042:Solidarity 3705:9559029037 3686:0844816094 3606:The Island 3524:Daily News 3448:28 January 3296:The Island 3235:27 January 3230:Daily News 3210:27 January 3093:Iqbal 1972 3075:27 January 3069:The Island 3047:28 January 3036:The Island 2916:27 January 2905:The Island 2849:Iqbal 1972 2703:References 2592:Kataragama 2311:Casualties 2173:Yugoslavia 2161:MiG-15 UTI 2142:Bell 47-G2 2120:, and six 2067:Air Ceylon 1972:reservists 1911:Warakapola 1907:Kataragama 1851:, Army HQ 1841:Diyatalawa 1713:newspapers 1645:Monaragala 1445:and three 1437:had three 1387:SLR rifles 1367:battalions 1333:haversacks 1281:Kurunegala 1136:See also: 717:Parliament 668:Executive 664:Government 522:2,000 Navy 7714:Ken Young 7559:Tony Judt 7408:Arms race 7381:Red Scare 7249:NN States 7194:Apartheid 7149:Autocracy 7058:Stalinism 7026:Guevarism 7016:Castroism 7006:Communism 6998:Socialism 6524:Star Wars 6117:Koza riot 5243:Beleaguer 5235:Masterdom 4920:Riots and 4865:Sri Lanka 4737:Sri Lanka 4726:coups and 4724:Attempted 4435:Sri Lanka 4278:Alliances 3890:Routledge 3857:0004-4687 3788:143790388 3780:1353-3312 3714:cite book 3562:. LawNet. 3365:Vayu Sena 2865:Hill 2013 2584:cricketer 2441:does not 2306:Aftermath 2205:Australia 2192:INS Ganga 2124:from the 2110:Bangalore 2074:Singapore 1903:Rajangane 1821:Wellawaya 1793:Srawasthi 1649:Wellawaya 1481:, former 1301:politburo 1285:Akmeemana 1085:communist 992:Civil War 902:Districts 897:Provinces 812:Elections 751:Judiciary 672:President 108:diplomats 7866:Timeline 7856:Category 7801:See also 7293:Izvestia 7134:Islamism 7031:Hoxhaism 6906:Rollback 6785:Abkhazia 6725:Gulf War 6629:Glasnost 5999:incident 5769:Sand War 5627:Ifni War 5136:Rio Pact 5081:Cold War 4442:Domestic 4228:Cabinets 4045:Archived 3875:(2008). 3824:24 April 3820:. Island 3809:41393126 3739:(1990). 3584:30 March 3529:11 April 3345:15 April 3158:26 March 2648:See also 2540:Lt. Col. 2525:Captain 2514:Arrested 2296:Wilpattu 2198:and the 1895:Deniyaya 1807:and the 1766:Missions 1373:rifles, 1329:shotguns 1293:Elpitiya 1144:dominion 997:Taxation 964:Passport 942:Minister 513:Strength 237:Pakistan 78:Location 49:Cold War 7356:Amerika 7239:Comecon 7124:Fascism 7114:Zionism 7063:Titoism 6604:Contras 6072:Détente 5349:Comecon 4473:Foreign 4342:Attacks 4163:Leaders 4096:History 3982:2643171 3865:2643170 3668:2756507 3630:Sources 3303:30 June 2462:removed 2447:sources 2169:BTR-152 2130:sorties 2078:Bell 47 2070:Trident 1981:Former 1929:in the 1899:Uragaha 1777:arsenal 1727:scholar 1441:, four 1411:frigate 1399:mortars 1305:Colombo 1254:May Day 1201:Prelude 1132:Origins 722:Speaker 406: ( 371:† 117:changes 7307:Pravda 7109:Racism 7048:Maoism 6800:Kosovo 6321:Condor 5997:Pueblo 5983:May 68 5611:Gladio 5529:Tuapse 5192:Jungle 5184:Priboi 4952:(1971) 4432: 4421:Major 4000: 3979: 3952: 3931: 3896: 3863: 3855: 3807: 3786: 3778: 3747: 3702: 3683: 3666: 3126:NKNews 2853:Ceylon 2534:Killed 2370:Legacy 2194:, the 2114:Madras 2035:Matara 1985:(IGP) 1943:Matara 1803:, the 1729: 1722: 1715: 1708: 1700: 1604:Ampara 1421:. 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1971 JVP insurrection

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