1971 JVP insurrection

2287:, was wounded and captured. In jungles in Anuradhapura, the JVP had established a base camp with supplies along with six sub-camps with which they conducted operations in Rajangana and Tambuttegama. A detachment from the 1CLI troops with 82mm mortars, commanded by Major Jayawardena carried out Operation Otthappuwa in May and cleared these camps. By the end of May, much of the insurrection was crushed. Counter-insurgency operations went on for another year, with the 1CLI establishing a forward base in Horowapatana from November 1972 to April 1973, while the D company, 1CLI closed its operations in Kegalle District only in December 1974. Many youths were detained in rehabilitation camps for months. The official arrest total was 5,067 (of whom 1,117 were from Colombo), but arrests of up to 20,000 were claimed. The government imposed strict censorship of all domestic and foreign news during the period. Reports of summary executions were reported, including the public execution of 1260:(UNP) government had Wijeweera arrested at Hambantota on 12 May, days before the general elections in May. The UF won a landslide victory against the UNP and formed a government. Wijeweera was released in July 1970. In the politically tolerant atmosphere of the next few months, as the new government attempted to win over a variety of unorthodox leftist groups, the JVP intensified its public campaign and secret preparations for a revolt. Although their group was relatively small, the members hoped to immobilize the government by selective kidnapping and sudden, simultaneous strikes against security forces throughout the island. Some of the necessary weapons had been bought with funds supplied by members, but most party funding came from a string of robberies. The JVP decided to rely on raids against police stations and army camps to secure weapons at the onset of the revolt, and they planned to manufacture their own explosive weapons in preparation. 1942:

concentrated at Warakapola and Rambukkana. The Pindeniya detachment, led by Patrick Fernando attacked both the local Police Station and the Bogala Graphite Mines, capturing a lorry load of explosives from the mines. On 8 April, the Warakapola Police Station was attacked, weapons including two submachine guns seized and the building set alight. Police stations in Bulathkohupitiya, Aranayaka, Mawanella, Rambukkana and Dedigama were attacked and the one at Aranayake burned down. Only the police station in Kegalle town and its surrounding area remained under government control in the Kegalle District. In the North Central Province, only the Anuradhapura town and its police station held out, while the police station in Vavuniya and Polonnaruwa were attacked. Less intense activity was reported in the Kandy, Badulla and Moneragala Districts.

1951:

aimed at gaining these from the police and military they would overrun in their first wave; while the government soon found out that its pre-insurrection stocks of small-arms ammunition was enough to hold out for only a week. On 5 April when the warning of the impending attack was issued, some police stations found that they lacked operational firearms or live ammunition. The three Bell 206A Jet Ranger helicopters of the RCyAF began on 5 April with a furry of activity, they began flying weapons and ammunition to isolated police stations. Flying over 12 hours a day, these three helicopters airlifted 36,500 lb of ammunition during April. The Doves flew supply missions to different parts of the island moving 900 soldiers and 100,000 lb of equipment in April. The army reported its first

489: 599: 1934:(both of which had two Dutch colonial forts and small army garrisons). However, none of the JVP's four major missions succeeded. The abduction of the prime minister failed, with arrests of JVP members in Colombo on 5 April. The Panagoda Cantonment and Colombo were never attacked, because the members did not assemble. Jaffna Prison was attacked on the night of 5 April to rescue Wijeweera. The cadre booked a bus to the prison, and Pyatilake led the attack. It failed, however, when police reinforcements arrived; many of the attackers were arrested, and some were killed. Attacks on the Jaffna police station and Karainagar naval detachment also failed, with four insurgents killed on 6 April at 1200: 2347:. By 1975, 139 inquiries were conducted and 3872 insurgent suspects were charged and 2919 were produced before the commission. 2413 suspects were released under suspended sentences while 258 received terms of rigorous imprisonment, which included 3 imprisonments for life. 50 suspects were acquitted. A second commission was formed in 1976, consisting of three judges. 2520 suspects were released under a suspended sentence, while 372 received terms of rigorous imprisonment, which included 5 imprisonments for life. 92 suspects were acquitted. In 1975, Wijeweera was sentenced to life imprisonment (later reduced to 20 years of 425: 328: 317: 306: 295: 284: 149: 135: 550: 519: 406: 377: 368: 352: 341: 248: 3300: 455: 568: 468: 388: 174: 1288:. Classes delivering the "Five Lectures" were held throughout the island, primarily in secluded locations such as cemeteries. After raising a force of about 10,000 full-time members, the JVP stopped recruiting in 1971. The movement was based on five-member cells with a leader, and there were several such cells in a police station area with an area leader. The area leaders selected a district leader, and the district leaders made up the Central Committee. Above the Central Committee was a 12-member 4141: 1186:(Loku Athula). Initially known also as the New Left, the group attracted students and unemployed rural youth (most between ages 16 and 25) who felt that their economic interests had been neglected by the nation's leftist coalitions. The standard program of indoctrination, the "Five Lectures", included discussions of Indian imperialism (expansionism), the growing economic crisis, the failure of the island's communist and socialist parties, and the need for a sudden, violent seizure of power. 233: 2244:

troops from static defense to offensive operations. Furthermore, the popular uprising Wijeweera expected from the oppressed classes failed to take place and JVP carders who captured areas did not consolidate these nor prepare for a long drawn out insurgency, as the JVP had not planned for such; local JVP committees raised a red flag in a captured area, and did little else. Widespread looting and damage to state property took place, and several civilians were murdered by the insurgents.

559: 265: 1211:) and receiving recruits and sympathizers from the armed forces; some provided sketches of police stations, airports, and military facilities, a factor in the revolt's initial success. At the Vidyalankara campus, it won the support of the Jatika Sishya Sangamaya (Lanka National Students Society) led by G. I. D. ‘Castro’ Dharmasekera, at the Peradeniya campus it gained control of the Samajawadi Sishiya Sangamaya (the Socialist Students Society) and Vidyodaya campus. 4704: 1902:) were overrun by the insurgents, and 43 were abandoned by the police for "strategic reasons" during the following days. Fifty-seven police stations were damaged. The insurgents cut telephone and power lines and blocked roads with trees. The Hanwella police station, near Colombo, was attacked on 6 April and overrun. It was soon recaptured by army reinforcements from the Panagoda Cantonment. The No. 2 Squadron of the Royal Ceylon Air Force deployed its three 1006: 4418: 1486:, however, newly elected Prime Minister Sirima Bandaranaike had Wijeweera released from police custody; reports from the previous administration were overlooked. Bandaranaike's new administration made changes to the police force, removing officers and disbanding units perceived as disloyal. These changes affected the CID; the new government was fearful of another coup by security forces loyal to the previous administration. Bandaranaike's cousin and 220: 186: 2421: 1658: 443: 1873:(her official residence) with General Attygalle, Captain A.R.P. (Kalu) Wijeratne, and her normal escort. Temple Trees became the centre of government operations (both civil and military) during the crisis, and its security was strengthened. It was a refuge for the ministers, most of whom were from leftist parties. Helicopter patrols around the capital began as rumours spread that the JVP was marching on Colombo. 207: 162: 1776:, Sanath Kumar, and Lal Pieries with more than 50 students, was to abduct the prime minister. The third mission, led by Bopage, was to capture of the city of Colombo. The capital was divided into five areas: Colombo South, Colombo North, Kandy Road, Colombo Central, and Kotte. The insurgents were to attack police stations along the way, obtaining arms and ammunition from them. The targets were 2279:

operate, with some groups operating into early 1972. The government announced two amnesties in May and June 1971, airdropping leaflets encouraging the insurgents to surrender. Without food, weapons, and leadership, many youths surrendered; other groups were surrounded and captured. Two JVP leaders, Sanath (Wijesena Vidanage) and Susil, were killed in confrontations with the armed forces;

46: 1963:. Army, navy, and air-force personnel were initially deployed on ground duty in a defensive posture; in most areas, the police were able to hold out themselves. The government considered the situation dire during the insurrection's early days; its pre-insurrection stocks of small-arms ammunition were expected to run out in a week, and the shooting of 2381:, however, the new government tried to broaden its mandate with a period of political tolerance. With the repeal of the Criminal Justice Commission in 1977, all convicted under it received a general amnesty including Wijeweera. The ban on the party was lifted, and the JVP entered the arena of legal political competition. As a candidate in the 1256:. They also distributed posters and pamphlets promising violent rebellion if Bandaranaike did not address proletarian interests. In a manifesto issued during this period, the group used the name "Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna" (People's Liberation Front) for the first time. Because of the subversive tone of his publications, the 1316:(alias Podi Athula) to manufacture bombs. The bombs were crude home-made types that sometimes exploded in the process of manufacture. One such incident took place on 17 December 1970, Podi Athula lost his left hand and was critically injured when a grenade exploded while being tested. The cells began arming themselves with 1225:

manufacturing weapons was taken up. In the Dondra conference in early 1970, in addition to collecting and manufacturing weapons, details of recruitment, training, uniforms, and collecting information on the armed forces, were discussed. At this point, it was alleged that Dharmasekera had informed the Minister of State,

2222:

were for the JVP. In April, a Chinese freighter raided a harbour; it was turned back by Indian warships maintaining a naval cordon around Ceylon's coast. An unfamiliar ship was seen off the JVP-controlled coast of Matara; according to an eyewitness, it was larger than any ship the Royal Ceylon Navy had at the time.

1151:, entered politics after his assassination in 1959 and became the world's first female prime minister in 1960. Due to successive governments, varying economic policies and frequent strikes, Ceylon's economic outlook during the 1960s had fallen below what it was when it gained independence in 1948; this led to an 1324:. However, this process had mixed results, the JVP was only able to manufacture around 3,000 bombs and some exploded in the process. A JVP cache of weapons was found by the police at the Talagalle Temple at Homagama and at the Vidyodaya Campus, the JVP produced blue uniforms, cartridge belts, boots and helmets. 2481:

Two incentives for a renewed insurgency exist unemployment and government corruption. With a rapid population increase and relatively-slow economic growth, many youths who were the beneficiaries of free education are unemployed or underemployed; the unemployment rate is high relative to the output of

2406:

than an open revolution. The movement fought with a well-organized military wing, that carried out raids on military installations and targeted assassinations waging a brutal campaign of terror and intimidation across the Southern part of the island. It ended after an equally brutal counter-offensive

1181:

functionary. At odds with party leaders and impatient with its lack of revolutionary purpose, Wijeweera formed the movement in 1965 with other like-minded young people. He was apparently expelled from the Maoist wing of the Ceylonese Communist Party the following year and brought his Marxist ideology

2304:

The official death toll was 1,200, but unofficial sources reliably estimated it at 4,000–5,000. Forty-one civilians were killed by the insurgents; thirty-seven police officers were killed and 195 were wounded. Twenty-six armed-services personnel were killed, including one officer (19 from the Army,

2278:

armoured cars in May and put them to use in Kurunegala and Anuradhapura districts. After three weeks of fighting, the government regained control of all but a few remote areas. In most cases, the government regained control of townships; insurgent groups melted away into the jungle and continued to

2239:

Wijeweera had been successful in building up the political ideology and the large following of carders. However, these carders large in numbers, lacked proper military training. In comparison, the government forces especially its regulars, although small in number were an all-volunteer professional

1958:

As the insurgents overran five police stations and forty-three were abandoned in the days that followed, the JVP gained control over large parts of the island uncontested. They would raise the red flag and assert their dominance over the population. The government forces responded by first securing

2243:

The regular personnel of the armed services were soon supplemented by the mobilization of reservists (most of whom were World War II veterans) and while Pakistani and Indian troops that were flown in took over the defense of key installations such as airports and harbors. This released the regular

2235:

Having lost the element of surprise, the JVP's initial attack did achieve a degree of success. However, it failed in its key missions. This meant that it was not able to acquire the modern weapons it need to face the government forces. By withdrawing its small police stations and army detachments,

2212:

literature distributed by the North Korean high commission in the country, which helped to develop the party. On 15 May 1971, 18 North Koreans affiliated with the JVP were arrested. Indian patrol boats deployed around the island stopped two North Korean vessels, capturing weapons, food parcels and

2363:

The insurgency caused Rs 2.7 million in damage to public and private property; other institutions lost Rs 3 million. Over Rs 450 million earmarked for capital development was not spent as intended due to the insurgency. Ceylon severed diplomatic ties with North Korea based on information that the

2221:

At the time of the start of the insurrection, there was a Chinese cargo vessel bound for Tanzania in the Colombo Harbour. The Ceylonese government requested to acquire these arms failed following appeals to both Beijing and Dar es Salaam. Thereafter, the Ceylonese government said that the weapons

1863:

on 5 April as they prepared to abduct (or assassinate) Prime Minister Bandaranaike at her private residence at Rosemead Place. This was followed by a quick citywide curfew and more arrests in Kotahena and Borella, with large numbers of bombs, weapons, and medical equipment meant to be used in the

2191:

setting up a naval cordon around Ceylon while the Royal Ceylon Navy had deployed its sailors (including the crew of its sole frigate) on shore duty and harbour defense, making it incapable of preventing the JVP from obtaining aid by sea. Soon harbor defense was taken over by Indian and Pakistani

1950:

Having lost the element of surprise and coordination, the JVP's first wave of attacks was executed as planned. Although on high alert, the government could do little to prepare and withstand the first wave. Weapons and ammunition were a key problem for both sides, with the JVP lacking access and

1552:

At this point, there seems to be a division within the JVP. A faction led by Castro Dharmasekera wanted the movement to remain secret and prepare for a guerrilla war. However, the majority of the carder disagreed and Dharmasekera and his supporters were expelled. On 6 March, this faction calling

1307:

In September 1970, the JVP Political Bureau met at Ambalangoda and decided to begin collecting arms, with Loku Athula appointed to head the armed section. The group identified that the primary weapon in their arsenal would be the hand bomb and planned to make over 100,000 in several bomb-making

2273:

The government forces began to enhance its firepower on the ground and began offensive operations into JVP-controlled areas. The Yugoslavian mountain guns were deployed in Kegalle to flush out insurgents and by late April many suspected JVP members were captured, arrested or surrendered. The

1582:. This gained national attention and indicated that JVP was arming itself. A few days later on 16 March, an explosion took place at Marrs Hall at the Peradeniya campus. The police search the halls of residence at the Peradeniya campus and found a stock of detonators at Hilda Obeysekera Hall. 1619:(temple) by the JVP politburo on 2 April in response to a request by Wijeweera that posters and leaflets calling for his release be published and, if the insurgency began, 500 cadres be sent to Jaffna to break him out of prison. The group, consisting of S. V. A. Piyathilaka, Lionel Bopage, 1224:

was formed at Madampella in 1969. Following the Madampella conference, two more conferences took place at Urubokka and Dondra. At Urubokka the structure of the organization, with secret, five-member cells and regional commands known as "district secretaries" was decided and the prospect of

1941:

Loku Athula, who was given leadership of the Kegalle District and Kurunegala District, moved into the area on 3 April and began organizing the area leaders. He coordinated operations with detachments in Veyangoda and Mirigama, with over 600 JVP carders deployed across the Kegalle District

2017:

With many parts of the island under JVP control, communication and transport was limited. The JVP had blocked roads having fallen trees, damaged culverts and bridges preventing vehicular movements. Many army convoys were ambushed such as in Aranayake and in Anuradhapura, where Captain

1097:, following strong support from friendly nations that sent men and material. Although this first attempt to seize power was quickly crushed by force, in 1987 the JVP launched a low-intensity insurgency in the island's southern, central and western regions that lasted several years. 1631:

in the country would be attacked on 5 April at 11:00 pm. The JVP believed that police stations were the government's principal local element of power, and hoped that disabling them would encourage local populations to rise up in their support. The district leader for

1604:, followed by two platoons to Kandy. By 27 March, the police and the army had arrested over 300 youths mainly from the CCP in connection with the embassy attack and had raided the Vidyodaya and Vidyalankara campuses. By April 2, more than 400 arrests had been made. 1881:

With a curfew imposed and suspects being arrested, some JVP leaders went into hiding. The attack began as planned. Ninety-two police stations across the country were attacked simultaneously by JVP groups armed with shotguns, bombs, and Molotov cocktails; five (in

1537:

After a lull since October 1970, the JVP held a large public rally on 27 February 1971 at Colombo's Hyde Park, where Wijeweera said: "Let the revolution of the workers, farmers, and soldiers be triumphant". It would be the last JVP rally before the insurrection.

4057: 1215:

lead the Sishiya Sangamaya (Students Society). To draw new members further into the organization and prepare them for a coming confrontation, Wijeweera opened "education camps" in remote areas of the south and south-western coasts, which provided training in

1350:, the armed forces had major cuts in funding, recruitment and joint operations, and were unprepared for a large-scale insurrection. In 1970, the armed forces had an annual budget of Rs 52 million (US$ 10mn), just 1.2% of total government expenditure. The 1304:), and carried out several robberies – including the Okkampitiya and Ambalangoda bank robberies, the Badulla mailbag robbery and the York Street robbery – to raise money. Members were also asked to contribute personal funds. 2236:

the government denied the JVP the opportunity to capture weapons and ammunition. Having withdrawn to defensible locations such as major cities and towns, the government brought time to replenish its limited stocks of ammunition and receive new weapons.

4050: 1812:

police station was attacked and two police constables were killed. The Wellawaya attack had preempted the initial wave of simultaneous attacks planned by the JVP, which lost the element of surprise. Following the attack, soon after dawn on 5 April,

1982:, and coordinated the government's defense from the situation room at Temple Trees. Local military coordinating officers, appointed from the three branches of the armed forces for each affected district, were tasked with carrying out local 2213:

literature; the vessels may have been headed to JVP-controlled territory to reinforce it against the Ceylonese army. Aid may also have come through the Ceylon-North Korea Friendship Association, which had branches throughout the country.

1759:

Four missions were planned and assigned to the nationwide 5 April attack. The main responsibility for the attacks was given to the student wing, which Wijeweera had called the "Red Guard". The first of the four missions was to attack the

1116:

vessels and a Chinese freighter which raided the harbours. Although China provided diplomatic aid, it was accused of supporting the JVP; Chinese diplomats allegedly contacted North Korea, which supplied weapons and ammunition to the JVP.

1590:

Although the JVP denounced Dharmasekera, Wijeweera and hundreds of his supporters were arrested during March, the JVP claimed that 4,000 cadres were now behind bars. Wijeweera traveled around the country but was arrested on 13 March in

2376:

in 1974. Under the six years of emergency rule following the uprising, the JVP remained dormant. No medals were awarded by the government to the police or armed services personnel. After the victory of the United National Party in the

1599:

on 16 March, giving broader powers to the police and military for arrest and detention, but no general military mobilization took place. The Ceylon Army, deployed two platoons of the 1st Battalion, Ceylon Light Infantry (1CLI) to the

4073: 2325:, enabling them to record statements from suspects which would be admissible in court. It soon became apparent that convicting a large number of suspects in custody within the contemporary procedure and laws would take years. 2364:

country supported the JVP and diplomatic relations were not reestablished till 2014. The government expanded the armed forces, the air force which had 1,400 personnel in 1971 grew to 3,100 by 1976 with the addition of a

2260:

to RCyAF Katunayake (attacking rebel locations en route). On the 12 April following a bombing run on a target in Polonnaruwa, one Jet Provost lost power and crashed on its approach to RCyAF Chinabay killing its pilot,

4064: 1852:(IGP). The government began frantic preparations for further attacks. A curfew was declared in parts of the island, all police stations were warned of an impending attack, and Attygalle ordered the army to begin 2136:

Ceylon received the most aid from the Soviet Union, with Air Ceylon transporting nine tons of military equipment which the Soviet Union made available from supplies in Cairo on the 19th of April. On 22 April,

1959:

Colombo, other cities and large towns with sizable police and military garrisons. Roadblocks were set up; bridges, ports and airports were secured, overstretching the armed forces, which began mobilizing its

1868:

and Lieutenant Colonel Anuruddha Ratwatte arrived at the prime minister's residence and briefed her on the attack on Wellawaya and an impending attack that night. Soon afterwards, the prime minister left for

1557:

in front of the United States Embassy in Colombo. These turned violent on 10 March with a petrol bomb thrown at the embassy, rioters then attacked and damaged the vehicles parked outside the embassy. Led by

2240:

army with better leadership and training. When the influx of modern weaponry and ammunition began to roll in, the tide turned. The wide array of weapons it received resulted in its own logistical problems.

3305: 3303: 1308:

factories located in rural areas along with underground storage locations. At the next Political Bureau, at the end of the year, Loku Athula reported that 3,000 bombs had been manufactured. The JVP gave

1458:

The government received multiple warnings of preparations undertaken by the JVP, but failed to comprehend the scale of the insurrection and was unprepared to counter it. Early warnings came from the

1967:

by a fellow rating in Jaffna stoked fears of JVP infiltration of the armed forces. Therefore, the government adopted a strategy of holding out, until it received assistance from friendly nations.

4330: 2339:

The Criminal Justice Commission was established by the government to prosecute the detained rebels expediently. The commission was composed of Chief Justice H. N. G. Fernando (chairman), Justice

715: 4762: 4738: 3562: 6400: 1906:

helicopters, which began flying missions to remote police stations to supply them with weapons and ammunition; over the following days, the helicopters returned wounded to hospitals.

1207:

The JVP expanded its membership and influence rapidly between 1967 and 1970, gaining control of the student socialist movement on a number of major university campuses (including the

1394:. It lacked tanks, field artillery, automatic rifles, submachine guns and other modern weapons, and peacetime ammunition stocks could sustain only one week of combat operations. The 3589: 1808:

Planning for the countrywide insurrection was hasty and poorly coordinated, with some district leaders not informed until the morning of the uprising. At 5:20 am on 5 April, the

1595:

by a special police team and later transferred to the Jaffna Prison, along with 450 others. As a result of the attack on the US Embassy and explosions, the government declared a

4768: 4632: 7735: 4401: 1093:. The revolt began on 5 April 1971 and lasted until June of that year. The insurgents held towns and rural areas for several weeks, until the regions were recaptured by the 4335: 1506:(who led the investigations) reported that a more substantial threat to the government was posed by the JVP, and the police investigation of bomb-making factories began. 1292:

which included Wijeweera. Communications were in code by couriers, with the district secretaries communicating messages from the Politburo (which met every two months in

4792: 1182:

to what became known as the Sinhalese Marxist Group. Along with Wijeweera, three close supporters emerged as the leaders of the new movement: Sanath, Karunnarathe and

4669: 4774: 4309: 1248:

The group had its first public meeting in 1969 and by early 1970, Wijeweera's group began to take a more public role; its cadres campaigned openly for the socialist

1529:. The envoy returned with a letter from the government promising to ship weapons to the island if possible, hinting at aid from South Yemen diplomats to the JVP. 1043: 2093:

India did not receive the cable, and the Indian High Commissioner in Ceylon was sent back to India with the aid request on 13 April. The day after units of the

6586: 4123: 1143:(UNP), amalgamating three right-leaning pro-dominion parties which won a majority in parliament at the general election. The UNP was defeated in 1956, when 6017: 4756: 900: 2784: 6065: 4750: 1644:

that read: "JVP Appuhamy expired. Funeral 5.". The Wellawaya leader interpreted the order as to attack on the morning of 5 April, not in the evening.

4394: 4016: 2291:

of Kataragama. Caste-based discrimination was common with armed forces arresting all the youth from low-caste villages, regardless of participation.

1578:

On 9 March, after an accidental explosion in one of the JVP bomb factories which killed five members, police found 58 bombs in a hut in Nelundeniya,

1563: 4889: 7915: 7720: 7247: 5997: 4990: 4545: 4540: 4103: 2156:

helicopters. The Soviet aircraft were accompanied by 200 trainers and ground crew. In addition, the Soviet Union also sent 12 light mortars and 10

4868: 4379: 1627:, W. T. Karunarathne, Susi L. Wickrama, Wijesena Vidanage (alias Sanath), Somasiri Kumanayake and Anura Ranjith Kurukulasooriya, decided that all 5564: 2978: 2888: 7895: 7806: 5315: 5124: 3708: 3186: 3566: 4627: 1559: 1525:

Wijeweera also visited North Koreans in the country, who congratulated him. He sent a JVP member to the Middle East to forge a link with the

1459: 1230: 7796: 4387: 3140: 7770: 6657: 1891: 1848:

flew by an air force helicopter to Wellawaya that morning to inspect the ground situation in Wellawaya and reported to Attygalle and the

1036: 4130: 3599: 3279: 1768:. Piyasiri was in charge of the attack by 800 students, who were divided into groups of twenty-five; a smaller attack was to be made on 7760: 4938: 4699: 4691: 2073: 1554: 1547: 2844:'s pro-West regimes, its relations to the Soviet Union had not been very close, but the victory of the left had raised Russian hopes." 7849: 4535: 3214: 2355:

and Somasiri Kumanayake, turned crown witness and were pardoned. Most of the youths in rehabilitation camps were released gradually.

2274:

remaining carders withdrew into the jungle in the Kegalle, Elpitiya, Deniyaya and Kataragama areas. The army received twelve British

1887: 1515: 957: 1722: 1518:

containing Chinese-made rifles was captured by the police; other similar incidents occurred at the beginning of the insurgency. The

7801: 5834: 4967: 4357: 4283: 3019: 1979: 1475: 944: 940: 1694: 1347: 1333: 1152: 7237: 5881: 4853: 4637: 4622: 4150: 3747:

Hill, Tom H. J. (June 2013). "The Deception of Victory: The JVP in Sri Lanka and the Long-Term Dynamics of Rebel Reintegration".

2334: 1971: 1849: 1797: 1526: 1471: 930: 925: 7910: 7730: 6002: 2442: 2378: 1675: 1398:, which had suffered the most from the fallout of the attempted coup (its recruitment had been frozen until 1969) had only one 1029: 865: 853: 848: 843: 710: 2313:

Advised by Justice Minister Felix Dias Bandaranaike, the prime minister appointed an investigative unit headed by retired IGP

2305:

four from the air force, and three from the Navy) and 130 were wounded (87 Army, 15 air force, and 28 Navy) in 1971 and 1972.

1016: 7725: 5660: 5347: 5325: 4894: 4557: 4552: 3921: 2382: 1701: 1483: 1253: 878: 829: 824: 819: 685: 6748: 1135:

when it gained self-rule from the British on 4 February 1948 with a conservative government formed under the premiership of

6567: 6492: 6152: 5752: 4437: 4241: 1566:

attacked the embassy. A police officer on duty outside the embassy was stabbed and later died. The student elements of the

1482:'s government. The government instructed the police to arrest Wijeweera, who was taken into custody in May 1970. After the 725: 674: 3430: 7930: 7900: 7765: 6172: 5305: 5016: 5011: 5006: 4278: 2720: 777: 5414: 5342: 1955:

on the first day of the insurrection when Staff Sergeant Jothipala was killed at Thulhiriya in the Kurunegala District.

7920: 7854: 7207: 6302: 5280: 5165: 5119: 5114: 5060: 4508: 4488: 4257: 1708: 1419: 745: 1354:

had an authorized strength of 329 officers and 6,291 other ranks with three infantry regiments each consisting of two

7905: 6939: 6502: 5772: 5713: 4996: 4493: 3990: 3942: 3886: 3737: 3110: 2468: 1899: 1821: 1793: 1741: 1570:(CCP) and the JVP were suspected of being the embassy attack and the government ordered a crackdown on these groups. 680: 5510: 3806: 2450: 1108:

government. The government's socialist background drew the attention of many states which needed to support it. The

7935: 6642: 6637: 6132: 6095: 5824: 5270: 4949: 4828: 4816: 4811: 4567: 4411: 4409: 4273: 4195: 2566: 2208:

about the revolution, and the government of Sri Lanka was suspicious of the country's motives. JVP bases contained

2114: 2027: 1139:, who had been instrumental in the negotiations with the British government which led to self-rule. He founded the 807: 730: 114: 6320: 6182: 5866: 4033: 3548: 2076:, but had no specific intention to militarily aid the government. On a request made by the previous government, a 1841: 1690: 7362: 6743: 6672: 6572: 6450: 6222: 6212: 5799: 5186: 4473: 4118: 4042: 3822:

Kearney, Robert N. (1975). "Educational Expansion and Political Volatility in Sri Lanka: The 1971 Insurrection".

2657: 1641: 1567: 1178: 1100:

The insurrection formally began in 1971, but the first attacks took place in 1970. The JVP fought the right-wing

895: 720: 664: 6137: 6024: 6012: 7875: 6793: 6562: 6142: 6044: 5777: 5221: 5216: 4884: 4684: 4513: 4478: 4447: 3692: 3673: 2662: 2652: 2542: 2446: 2393: 1910:

was also attacked. The police withdrew personnel from smaller police stations. The rebels had taken control of

1679: 918: 20: 6462: 6192: 5703: 5475: 7925: 7885: 7740: 6755: 6708: 6472: 6395: 6127: 4606: 4083: 2934: 2365: 1234: 6187: 5896: 5819: 5490: 7890: 6773: 6733: 6703: 6652: 6512: 6430: 6426: 6297: 6227: 5992: 5809: 5575: 5470: 5402: 4498: 4252: 4205: 4098: 3486: 3458: 3191: 2725: 2642: 2599: 2482:

the educational system, which the labour market has failed to address. Political factors include President

2399: 2352: 2280: 2265:

Ranjith Wijetunga. Several weeks later, the Jet Provosts were joined by the Bell 47-G2s in ground attacks.

1923: 1624: 1183: 772: 762: 639: 381: 178: 110: 3349: 2811: 2110: 7745: 7217: 7212: 6929: 6607: 6335: 6080: 6039: 5983: 5886: 5767: 5725: 5630: 5155: 5109: 4863: 4215: 4026: 3323: 2538: 1087: 782: 670: 7582: 6803: 6788: 6778: 6632: 6232: 5720: 5523: 5290: 4908: 4653: 4352: 4288: 4108: 1519: 1199: 755: 750: 3453: 7811: 7687: 7632: 7452: 6440: 6147: 5708: 5320: 5237: 5001: 4677: 4483: 4304: 2898: 2681: 2550: 2508: 2369: 2080: 1435: 1241:

clique" and began making arrests. Then-opposition leader Sirimavo Bandaranaike referred to it in her

1164: 1147:

became prime minister on a wave of nationalist sentiment bringing together leftist groups. His wife,

1076: 905: 634: 612: 253: 1640:

was not at the meeting, and the decision to attack was conveyed via a paid radio obituary notice by

1466:

with its late-1969 and early-1970 establishment of the "Che Guevara Desk" under ASP K. C. de Silva.

7437: 7004: 6267: 6157: 5911: 5455: 5027: 4961: 4786: 4780: 4530: 4314: 4185: 2431: 2373: 2322: 2169: 2122: 2094: 1715: 1249: 1208: 1144: 1105: 1080: 962: 620: 481: 7177: 563:

Several arrested, multiple North Korean supply vessels captured by the Ceylon navy and Indian navy

7880: 6667: 6612: 6597: 6537: 6345: 6325: 6085: 5762: 5367: 4347: 4170: 2487: 2435: 2149: 2145: 2077: 2058: 1789: 1668: 1375: 1083: 767: 705: 699: 690: 652: 541: 494: 190: 166: 5570: 2065:

within four days of the initial attack. This was followed by a British commitment to supply six

1320:; each member was expected to have a shotgun, 10 cartridges, blue uniforms, military boots, and 7457: 6961: 6355: 6029: 5505: 5265: 5260: 5053: 4744: 4658: 3635:

Arasaratnam, S. (1972). "The Ceylon Insurrection of April 1971: Some Causes and Consequences".

3594: 3284: 3057: 3024: 2893: 2486:'s political strategy of oppressing the opposition; the weakness of the main opposition party ( 2403: 2314: 2284: 2165: 2050:

a request for support to friendly countries. The response from many governments was swift. The

1960: 1491: 1411: 1367: 1339: 1104:(UNP) before launching an island-wide, militant opposition to the newly elected, pro-socialist 1094: 890: 885: 800: 739: 660: 7667: 2204:

North Korea used revolutionary propaganda daily in newspapers; North Korean newspapers quoted

1612:

With the arrest of Wijeweera and other mass arrests of its carders, a meeting was held at the

7692: 6976: 6971: 6738: 6627: 6582: 6542: 6477: 6421: 6340: 5936: 5814: 5732: 5640: 5605: 5515: 5460: 5357: 5198: 4972: 4944: 4923: 4803: 4518: 4468: 4180: 4113: 4011: 2617: 2576: 2491: 2256:

which had been mothballed in 1970, serviced and armed them in three days, and flew them from

2188: 2030: 1987: 1773: 1257: 1148: 1140: 1101: 1090: 985: 624: 589: 460: 429: 2172:, 30,000 automatic and semi-automatic rifles, it was still suspected of supporting the JVP. 2117:

followed with arms and ammunition. The squadron logged 573 flying hours on as many as 1,122

7232: 6999: 6854: 6808: 6723: 6718: 6517: 6416: 6365: 6360: 6252: 6207: 6162: 6100: 5931: 5906: 5856: 5784: 5698: 5548: 5150: 5129: 4978: 4933: 4928: 4918: 4878: 4840: 4599: 4452: 2647: 2288: 2033:

was wounded accompanying the first joint army and police expedition into rebel-held areas.

1613: 1383: 1217: 1126: 980: 1268:

By 1970, the movement had begun recruiting and training cadres at camps in rural areas of

8: 7677: 7592: 7587: 7487: 7350: 7147: 7031: 6946: 6834: 6687: 6682: 6662: 6647: 6557: 6552: 6457: 6390: 6380: 6292: 6287: 6277: 6177: 6117: 6090: 5916: 5901: 5871: 5849: 5635: 5625: 5352: 5275: 5245: 5229: 4834: 4523: 4225: 4165: 3861: 2623: 2593: 1903: 1860: 1781: 1761: 1443: 1423: 1379: 1371: 952: 447: 288: 6532: 6445: 3914:

Rebellion, Repression and the Struggle for Justice in Sri Lanka: The Lionel Bopage Story

3399: 3029: 2006:

in Kegalle, Lieutenant Colonel D. J. de S. Wickremasinghe in Matara, Lieutenant Colonel

7831: 7627: 7612: 7537: 7517: 7512: 7497: 7344: 7092: 6844: 6728: 6482: 6385: 6370: 6282: 6272: 6247: 6242: 6007: 5961: 5876: 5861: 5804: 5620: 5543: 5419: 5310: 5300: 5021: 4594: 4503: 3965: 3849: 3793: 3772: 3702: 3652: 2983: 2611: 2184: 1995: 1983: 1865: 1596: 1503: 1495: 1487: 1439: 1431: 1407: 1212: 1174: 424: 327: 316: 305: 294: 283: 148: 140: 71: 7527: 7356: 3052: 2511: – leader of CCP (Maoist), had official links to the Chinese government 1498:

and appointed commanding officer of the Army's Field Security Detachment, tasked with

7844: 7697: 7642: 7617: 7572: 7502: 7477: 7442: 7432: 7401: 7288: 7172: 7142: 6879: 6869: 6783: 6677: 6522: 6237: 6034: 5891: 5844: 5742: 5693: 5667: 5645: 5485: 5465: 5409: 5397: 5211: 5046: 4342: 4175: 3986: 3938: 3917: 3882: 3841: 3776: 3764: 3733: 3688: 3669: 2605: 2483: 2386: 2138: 2087: 2072:

The United States said that it was aware that the JVP was not the organization which

2023: 1975: 1931: 1845: 1620: 1499: 1479: 1463: 1427: 1395: 1391: 1226: 1221: 473: 7821: 7492: 3508: 2407:

targeting JVP cells and leadership that resulted in the death of Wijeweera in 1989.

7607: 7532: 7462: 7447: 7427: 7374: 7157: 7152: 7132: 7082: 7072: 6899: 6864: 6849: 6798: 6527: 6467: 6307: 5966: 5946: 5655: 5597: 5591: 5558: 5538: 5528: 5377: 5178: 5170: 4822: 4732: 4574: 4368: 4160: 3978: 3957: 3948:

Warnapala, W. A. (1975). "Marxist parties in Sri Lanka and the 1971 Insurrection".

3833: 3756: 3644: 2562: 2515: 2344: 2106: 2090:, taking over the airport's defense and freeing Ceylonese troops for other duties. 2011: 2007: 1999: 1952: 1764:, which was one of the country's largest military installations and housed a large 1601: 1579: 1446:

had two de Havilland Doves tasked with maritime patrol. It had mothballed its five

1358:(one regular and one volunteer) armed mostly with World War II-era weapons such as 1309: 1170: 1136: 1073: 1010: 992: 629: 536: 435: 357: 345: 310: 299: 4072: 3328:

Commission on the Organization of the Government for the Conduct of Foreign Policy

2490:); the exclusion of those without political connections from some state jobs; the 1169:

The Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) movement was founded during the late 1960s by

7826: 7682: 7672: 7657: 7637: 7622: 7597: 7542: 7307: 7275: 7167: 7127: 6889: 6884: 6824: 6765: 6497: 6375: 6202: 6167: 6075: 6070: 5794: 5688: 5362: 5295: 5285: 5250: 5206: 5193: 5145: 4984: 4579: 4037: 3981:(1975). "Speech to the Ceylon Criminal Justice Commission". In Blackburn, Robin. 3760: 3725: 2816: 2546: 2253: 2180: 2054:

was the first to respond positively, allowing the Ceylonese government to use an

2014:

in Vavuniya. These appointments changed rapidly as the ground situation changed.

2003: 1911: 1817: 1777: 1769: 1447: 1415: 1387: 1359: 787: 396: 5789: 2351:). Many of the surviving JVP leaders received prison sentences; some, including 7652: 7577: 7567: 7562: 7422: 7162: 6951: 6874: 6602: 6507: 6257: 6197: 5829: 5747: 5650: 5610: 5580: 5480: 5435: 2558: 2531: 2262: 2257: 2051: 2019: 1991: 1919: 1628: 1467: 4021: 2046:

With the government desperately short of weapons and ammunition, Bandaranaike

2002:

in Hambantota, Lieutenant Colonel R. R. Rodrigo in Jaffna, Lieutenant Colonel

7869: 7816: 7662: 7557: 7522: 7507: 7467: 7009: 6839: 6577: 6487: 6350: 6330: 6217: 5978: 5956: 5921: 5500: 5495: 5450: 5372: 5332: 5081: 4017:

SRI LANKA – A LOST REVOLUTION? The Inside Story of the JVP by Rohan Gunaratna

3930: 3845: 3768: 3280:"A delayed build-up of lethal offensive capability – War on terror revisited" 2889:"Origins and growth of Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (The April 1971 Revolt – I)" 2730: 2318: 2275: 2141: 1935: 1837: 1814: 1403: 1343: 1277: 392: 4140: 2022:

was killed. Initial government offensives were pushed back in areas such as

7602: 7552: 7482: 7472: 7326: 7314: 7301: 7107: 6934: 6435: 5683: 5533: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5088: 4589: 4562: 3824: 2555: 2534: 2348: 2086:

Pakistan responded with an airlift of supplies, troops, and helicopters to

1964: 1870: 1853: 1833: 1825: 1785: 1478:, submitted a report on the new group's potential threat to Prime Minister 1285: 1237:

K. C. de Silva had started investigating this group, which was called the "

1109: 332: 321: 238: 3563:"CRIMINAL JUSTICE COMMISSION LIKELY TO PUNISH BIG RACKETEERS IN SRI LANKA" 2385:, Wijeweera finished fourth with over 250,000 votes (compared with winner 7647: 7252: 7222: 7077: 7067: 6966: 6829: 6622: 6111: 5941: 5926: 5737: 5585: 5553: 5440: 5255: 5160: 5099: 4584: 3481: 2629: 2570: 2340: 2205: 2176: 2153: 1915: 1907: 1351: 1313: 1238: 1113: 558: 269: 264: 94: 3797: 7406: 7117: 7087: 7041: 6956: 6924: 6916: 6859: 6547: 6262: 5951: 5839: 5445: 4955: 4030: 3970: 3853: 3656: 2580: 2161: 2055: 2047: 1895: 1829: 1682: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1633: 1269: 6060: 2083:

landed on 12 April carrying much-needed spares for RCyAF helicopters.

598: 7702: 7547: 7396: 7369: 7182: 7137: 7046: 7014: 6994: 6986: 6315: 6105: 4703: 4423: 3878: 2932:

Phadnis, U. "Insurgency in Ceylon: Hard Challenge and Grim Warning".

2283:, who led the remnants of his group from Kegalle into the jungles of 2193: 2098: 2062: 1809: 1637: 1450:

jet trainers after plans for introducing jet fighters were scrapped.

1355: 1321: 1289: 1273: 3983:

Explosion in a Subcontinent: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Ceylon

3961: 3935:

Explosion in a Subcontinent: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Ceylon

3837: 3784:

Iqbal, M. (1972). "The Insurgency in Ceylon and its Repercussions".

3648: 2420: 1800:. The fourth mission was to rescue Wijeweera from prison in Jaffna. 1657: 7281: 7122: 7019: 6894: 6713: 6617: 5757: 5615: 5069: 2528: 1883: 1414:

which had three flying squadrons and a few trained pilots in 1971,

1281: 1132: 1072:) was the first of two unsuccessful armed revolts conducted by the 225: 37: 6401:

Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

3020:"The JVP's Military Battle for Power (The April 1971 Revolt – II)" 1788:

and the homes of government officials, including Justice Minister

7227: 7112: 7102: 7051: 6592: 5337: 4029:– Account of the Uprising by British Libertarian Socialist group 2157: 2133:

helicopters and ammunition purchased from Singapore on 17 April.

2130: 2066: 1765: 1399: 1317: 1293: 1242: 87:

Rebel leaders were captured and the remaining members surrendered

2192:

troops, releasing Ceylonese personnel for offensive operations.

90:

Ceylonese government re-established control of the entire island

7295: 7097: 7036: 5971: 4633:

United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad

3141:"41 Years After 1971 JVP: Where Have The Decision Makers Gone?" 3114: 2841: 2118: 2102: 1864:

planned attack on the city. At 8:00 pm, General Attygalle, IGP

1592: 4004: 3155: 2789:

University of Central Arkansas Department of Political Science

2343:, Justice V. T. Thamotheram, Justice H. Dheragoda and Justice 2317:

to prosecute the captured insurgents. The unit was made up of

1203:

Sirima Bandaranaike Prime Minister in 1960-1965 and 1970–1977.

7780: 7736:

American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

7242: 7025: 5104: 3905:

One-day Revolution in Sri Lanka: Anatomy of 1971 Insurrection

2209: 1927: 442: 212: 3480:

Hettiarachchi, Kumudini; Sadanandan, Renuka (8 April 2001).

3324:"The U.S. Response to the JVP Insurgency in Sri Lanka, 1971" 2626:– Deputy leader of the JVP during the 1987–1989 insurrection 1112:

sent 60 air-force troops; India guarded the forts, stopping

7320: 7202: 5094: 5038: 3933:(1975). "The Ceylonese Insurrection". In Blackburn, Robin. 1363: 3410: 3368: 3261: 3259: 3232: 3121: 2762: 2760: 1922:

by 10 April, and came close to capturing the remainder of

45: 7775: 7755: 7750: 2913: 2126: 1836:

reported the attack and warned of further attacks. Major

1194: 2216: 1522:

had sent a delegation early in 1965, meeting Wijeweera.

3479: 3380: 3256: 3244: 3111:"North Korea's role in Sri Lanka's bloody insurgencies" 2757: 1474:

who had been appointed special security advisor to the

4027:

Ceylon: The JVP Uprising (Third Worldism or Socialism)

3509:"Ian Wickramanayake: Well known, powerful personality" 1502:

by identifying potentially-disloyal officers. Captain

4075:

Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (People's Liberation Front)

3730:

Sri Lanka: A lost revolution? Inside story of the JVP

3077: 3075: 2061:

to ferry small arms and ammunition from its bases in

1978:

was appointed Additional Permanent Secretary to the

3215:"Sanguinary memories : JVP insurgence of 1971" 2979:"Ceylon's Police and Army Fight Rebels With Terror" 2779: 2777: 2775: 2602:– JVP politburo member, later a government minister 2402:, which lasted from 1987 to 1989 and was more of a 3452:Sally, Siddique; Sally, Shayir (17 January 2016). 3187:"The Fifth of April 1971- JVP attack at Wellawaya" 3072: 2745: 2518:, former army officer and son of J. R. Jayewardene 2321:and police officers. The crown counsels were made 2684:was arrested, and the party was almost shut down. 2494:, and the entry of Indian troops into Sri Lanka. 1327: 1263: 7867: 7721:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 3167: 3013: 3011: 3009: 3007: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2958: 2946: 2882: 2880: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2772: 2620:– Became a JVP politburo member and party leader 2225: 6158:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 5565:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 4012:THE 1971 CEYLONESE INSURRECTION – Fred Halliday 3732:. Sri Lanka: Institute of Fundamental Studies. 2847: 3872: 3454:"Craft followed craft until they flew no more" 3309: 2859: 2328: 1532: 1453: 1342:were an internal security force assisting the 5054: 4685: 4628:United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti 4395: 4058: 2998: 2871: 1037: 7797:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 5348:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 4700:Coups, rebellions, and revolts in Sri Lanka 4022:A Lost Revolution: The JVP Insurrection 1971 3682: 3238: 3017: 2886: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2705: 2703: 2701: 2410: 2069:helicopters armed with 7.62mm machine guns. 2036: 1541: 1158: 6658:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 4890:2015 alleged Sri Lankan coup d'état attempt 3985:. Harmondsworth, Eng.; Baltimore: Penguin. 3937:. Harmondsworth, Eng.; Baltimore: Penguin. 3860: 3804: 3634: 3549:"Criminal Justice Commissions (Repeal) Law" 3416: 3374: 3330:. Appendices, Volumes 5-7. pp. 185–187 3278:Ferdinando, Shamindra (18 September 2012). 3265: 3127: 2449:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2041: 1406:in its fleet along with a few Thorneycroft 7761:United States involvement in regime change 5316:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 5061: 5047: 4939:Protests against the Vietnam War in Ceylon 4869:1966 alleged Ceylonese coup d'état attempt 4692: 4678: 4402: 4388: 4065: 4051: 3715: 3707:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3587: 3451: 3431:"SLAF Stories: Tragedy over Thampalakamam" 3315: 3277: 2919: 1548:Ceylonese protests against the Vietnam War 1220:and basic military skills. The movement's 1044: 1030: 44: 4536:Portuguese conquest of the Jaffna kingdom 3969: 3947: 3724: 3250: 2810:Halliday, Fred (September–October 1971). 2766: 2698: 2608:– JVP politburo member, later an academic 2469:Learn how and when to remove this message 2160:armoured personnel carriers in November. 1742:Learn how and when to remove this message 1386:; an artillery regiment armed with light 544:: 26 killed; 310 wounded; 1 Aircraft lost 3663: 3588:Ferdinando, Shamindra (7 October 2011). 3386: 3050: 2809: 2587: 1980:Ministry of External Affairs and Defence 1876: 1824:ordered a platoon of the 1st Battalion, 1573: 1553:themselves the Maoist Youth Front began 1476:Ministry of External Affairs and Defence 1460:Police Criminal Investigation Department 1198: 5887:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 4638:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon 4623:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon 4279:United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA) 3821: 3018:Somasundaram, Jayantha (6 April 2021). 2887:Somasundaram, Jayantha (5 April 2021). 2751: 2335:Criminal Justice Commission (Sri Lanka) 397: 7868: 7731:Russian espionage in the United States 6003:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 3666:Terrorism, the North Korean Connection 3108: 3102: 2976: 1945: 1516:People's Socialist Republic of Albania 1422:tasked with basic pilot training; the 1296:). The JVP published a newspaper (the 1195:JVP expansion and United Front victory 7896:Riots and civil disorder in Sri Lanka 7726:Soviet espionage in the United States 5882:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 5661:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 5326:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 5042: 4895:2018 Sri Lankan constitutional crisis 4673: 4383: 4358:Inter University Students' Federation 4046: 3911: 3875:The Tamil Separatist War in Sri Lanka 3783: 3532: 3321: 3081: 2840:, p. 7: "In the past because of 2837: 2803: 2217:Chinese influence and alleged support 2125:took over securing RCyAF Katunayake. 2010:in Moneragala and Lieutenant Colonel 1607: 1585: 1527:South Yemen National Liberation Front 1229:about the existence of the JVP and a 50:Attack on the Deniyaya police station 7802:Soviet Union–United States relations 6153:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 4763:Second Polonnaruwa War of Succession 4438:Kotte conquest of the Jaffna kingdom 3807:"How the JVP ruined rural Sri Lanka" 3805:Karunaratne, Garvin (18 July 2020). 3746: 3428: 2970: 2853: 2447:adding citations to reliable sources 2414: 2268: 1859:Several JVP cadres were arrested at 1772:. The second mission, led by Nimal, 1680:adding citations to reliable sources 1651: 1346:during strikes and riots. After the 579:100 killed in run-up events in March 7916:History of Sri Lanka (1948–present) 7766:Soviet involvement in regime change 5017:2019 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 5012:2018 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 5007:2014 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 4739:First Polonnaruwa War of Succession 3590:"SL: NK, Iran arms not used in war" 3537:. Colombo: Trade Exchange (Ceylon). 2931: 2545:– former commanding officer of the 2230: 1803: 13: 7807:Soviet Union–United States summits 5281:1947 Polish parliamentary election 5166:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 4489:1173 Polonnaruwa invasion of Chola 4284:Democratic National Alliance (DNA) 3897: 3350:"COIN operations in Ceylon – 1971" 3053:"First reign of terror by the JVP" 2977:Sterba, James P. (25 April 1971). 2497: 1462:(CID), which had been tasked with 1334:1962 Ceylonese coup d'état attempt 1312:30,000 stolen from York Street to 14: 7947: 6568:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 6503:United States invasion of Grenada 5773:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 5714:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 4997:2005 Inuvil shooting and protests 3996: 3625: 3173: 3161: 2964: 2952: 2865: 2785:"Ceylon/Sri Lanka (1948-Present)" 2247: 2074:attacked the US Embassy in Ceylon 1378:; a recce regiment equipped with 1231:Criminal Investigation Department 356:Wijesena Vidanage (Sanath) 6643:United States invasion of Panama 6493:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 6133:1971 Turkish military memorandum 6096:Communist insurgency in Thailand 6066:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 5998:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 5825:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 5753:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 5271:Restatement of Policy on Germany 4950:Burning of Jaffna Public Library 4812:Sri Lankan independence movement 4702: 4416: 4139: 3051:Ratwatte, Mano (17 April 2021). 2791:. University of Central Arkansas 2419: 1656: 1555:protests against the Vietnam War 1131:Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) became a 1004: 597: 566: 557: 548: 517: 487: 466: 453: 441: 423: 404: 386: 375: 366: 350: 339: 326: 315: 304: 293: 282: 263: 246: 231: 218: 205: 184: 172: 160: 147: 133: 7363:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 6744:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 6673:Fall of the inner German border 6573:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 6223:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 6213:Spanish transition to democracy 6173:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 5800:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 5306:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 5187:Occupation of the Baltic states 4474:Anuradhapura invasion of Pandya 4258:Patriotic People's Armed Troops 3873:Wickremesekera, Channa (2016). 3866:Political Violence in Sri Lanka 3581: 3555: 3541: 3526: 3501: 3473: 3445: 3422: 3392: 3342: 3271: 3207: 3179: 3133: 3087: 3044: 2925: 2658:1932 armed uprising in Mongolia 2144:transporters flew in with five 1986:operations. These were Colonel 1667:needs additional citations for 1647: 1642:Ceylon Broadcasting Corporation 6143:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 5778:Mozambican War of Independence 5217:Indonesian National Revolution 4509:Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts 4479:Chola conquest of Anuradhapura 3400:"Relations to the third world" 2831: 2729:. 1 April 2001. Archived from 2675: 2663:2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings 2614:– Became a government minister 2308: 2199: 1514:In 1970, a parcel sent by the 1509: 1438:fixed-wing aircraft and three 1420:de Havilland Chipmunk trainers 1416:No. 1 Flying Training Squadron 1328:Ceylon's defense establishment 1264:Preparations of the revolution 1058:1971 Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 1: 7911:Military history of Sri Lanka 7741:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 6756:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 6709:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 6431:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 6396:Seven Days to the River Rhine 6128:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 5415:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 5343:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 4769:Kandyan independence movement 4607:Operation Prosperity Guardian 4289:National People's Power (NPP) 3912:Cooke, Michael Colin (2011). 3433:. aviadoradeceilan.medium.com 3164:, pp. 102, 105–107, 109. 3109:Farrel, Tom (12 March 2014). 3095:History of the JVP, 1965–1994 2935:Economic and Political Weekly 2691: 2299: 2226:Counter-insurgency operations 2179:deployed three frigates, the 2168:. Although China supplied 30 2129:heavy transports flew in six 1444:No. 3 Reconnaissance Squadron 1338:Since its formation in 1949, 83:Ceylonese government victory 6734:Fall of communism in Albania 6704:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 6653:Polish Round Table Agreement 5993:1968 Polish political crisis 5810:Eritrean War of Independence 5576:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 5471:East German uprising of 1953 5403:Chinese Communist Revolution 5068: 4817:Great Rebellion of 1817–1818 4568:Great Rebellion of 1817–1818 4499:Malay invasions of Sri Lanka 4253:Deshapremi Janatha Vyaparaya 4104:Grenade attack on Parliament 3761:10.1080/13533312.2013.830024 3716:Clodfelter, Micheel (2002). 3664:Bermudez, Joseph S. (1990). 2812:"The Ceylonese Insurrection" 2643:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 2600:Athula Nimalasiri Jayasinghe 2492:Indo-Sri Lankan Peace Accord 2294: 2095:Indian Army Southern Command 1822:Commander of the Ceylon Army 1184:Athula Nimalasiri Jayasinghe 1079:(JVP) against the socialist 691:Ministries of the Government 109:The JVP controlled Ceylon's 7: 6608:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 6336:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 6081:Corrective Movement (Syria) 6045:New People's Army rebellion 6040:Sino-Soviet border conflict 5768:Angolan War of Independence 5631:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 5511:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 5156:Jamaican political conflict 4864:1962 Ceylonese coup attempt 3683:Chandraprema, C.A. (1991). 3404:North Korea Country Studies 2636: 2502: 2383:1982 presidential elections 2329:Criminal Justice Commission 2170:85mm Type 60 anti-tank guns 1972:Inspector General of Police 1850:Inspector General of Police 1754: 1533:Lead up to the insurrection 1472:Inspector General of Police 1454:Initial government response 926:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 686:Ministers of the Government 525:80,000 followers (estimate) 382:N. Jayasinghe (Loku Athula) 10: 7952: 7931:Indian Peace Keeping Force 7901:Wars involving North Korea 6804:Sino-Indian border dispute 6633:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 6563:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 6321:1976 Argentine coup d'état 6233:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 6183:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 5867:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 5835:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 5524:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 5291:Asian Relations Conference 4885:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 4448:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 4353:Batalanda detention centre 4119:Temple of the Tooth attack 4109:Pallekele Army Camp attack 3749:International Peacekeeping 3718:Warfare and Armed Conflict 3618: 3322:Rubin, Barnett R. (1975). 2721:"Revolution in retrospect" 2653:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 2549:and vice-president of the 2394:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 2391: 2332: 2196:donated 5,000 SLR rifles. 1832:to Wellawaya. At 7:00 am, 1545: 1520:Party of Labour of Albania 1331: 1189: 1162: 1124: 1120: 21:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 18: 7921:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 7840: 7789: 7711: 7688:William Appleman Williams 7633:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 7415: 7387: 7336: 7268: 7261: 7195: 7060: 6985: 6915: 6908: 6817: 6764: 6696: 6409: 6148:Bangladesh Liberation War 6138:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 6053: 6025:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 6013:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 5676: 5451:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 5428: 5138: 5076: 5002:2012 Welikada prison riot 4907: 4852: 4802: 4793:Nikapitiye Bandara Revolt 4723: 4712: 4646: 4615: 4461: 4430: 4366: 4323: 4305:Frontline Socialist Party 4297: 4266: 4234: 4214: 4194: 4149: 4137: 4082: 2682:Nagalingam Shanmugathasan 2551:World Veterans Federation 2522: 2509:Nagalimgam Shanmugathasan 2411:Incentives for resurgence 2370:National Service Regiment 2358: 2323:assistant superintendents 2115:104th Helicopter Squadron 2081:Lockheed C-141 Starlifter 2037:International involvement 1990:in Anuradhapura, Colonel 1542:Anti-Vietnam War protests 1436:Scottish Aviation Pioneer 1165:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 1159:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 1077:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 906:Grama Niladhari divisions 576: 539:: 37 killed; 195 wounded 529: 523:10,000–12,000 combatants 501: 430:Royal Ceylon Armed Forces 414: 275: 125: 54: 43: 35: 30: 7906:Wars involving Sri Lanka 6463:1980 Turkish coup d'état 6298:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 6268:1978 Somali coup attempt 6228:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 6193:1973 Chilean coup d'état 6018:Revolutionary Government 5912:South African Border War 5704:1960 Turkish coup d'état 5621:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 5476:1953 Iranian coup d'état 5456:1952 Egyptian revolution 5028:2022 Sri Lankan protests 4962:Welikada prison massacre 4787:2nd Kuruvita rala Revolt 4781:1st Kuruvita rala Revolt 4558:Second Kandyan–Dutch War 4315:Jathika Nidahas Peramuna 4298:Factions & spin offs 4242:Socialist Students Union 4186:Anura Kumara Dissanayake 2668: 2374:Sri Lanka Reserve Police 2372:. The police formed the 2368:and the army formed the 2252:The RCyAF took out five 2042:International assistance 1448:Hunting Jet Provost T51s 1424:No. 2 Transport Squadron 1209:Socialist Students Union 1145:S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike 879:Administrative geography 726:Leader of the Opposition 619:Previous constitutions: 572:Several leaders arrested 19:Not to be confused with 7936:Rebellions in Sri Lanka 6668:Fall of the Berlin Wall 6613:People Power Revolution 6598:Central American crisis 6538:1986 Black Sea incident 6188:1973 Afghan coup d'état 6086:Western Sahara conflict 5897:1966 Syrian coup d'état 5820:1963 Syrian coup d'état 5763:Portuguese Colonial War 5726:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 5491:1954 Syrian coup d'état 5368:Annexation of Hyderabad 5311:1947–1949 Palestine war 4775:Kangara arachchi Revolt 4553:First Kandyan–Dutch War 4348:Sooriyakanda mass grave 4310:Janatha Sevaka Pakshaya 4249:Socialist Women's Union 4171:Saman Piyasiri Fernando 4036:17 January 2006 at the 3429:Fernando, Menaka Ashi. 2146:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 1790:Felix Dias Bandaranaike 1691:"1971 JVP insurrection" 1368:Bren light machine guns 1084:Government of Sri Lanka 6962:Neoclassical economics 6473:Gulf of Sidra incident 6030:1969 Libyan revolution 5721:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 5506:1954 Geneva Conference 5266:Turkish straits crisis 5261:Corfu Channel incident 4968:1987 Trincomalee riots 4745:Queen Sugala rebellion 4659:Ceylon in World War II 4274:People's Alliance (PA) 3097:. 2007. pp. 9–10. 2596:– Member of Parliament 2404:low intensity conflict 2379:1977 general elections 2315:Aleric Abeygunawardena 1568:Ceylon Communist Party 1492:Ceylon Volunteer Force 1412:Royal Ceylon Air Force 1348:attempted coup in 1962 1204: 1179:Ceylon Communist Party 1153:attempted coup in 1962 941:Diplomatic missions of 746:Constitutional Council 276:Commanders and leaders 199:Military intervention: 16:Armed revolt in Ceylon 7876:1971 JVP insurrection 7812:Russia–NATO relations 7693:Jonathan Reed Winkler 6977:Democratic capitalism 6972:Supply-side economics 6940:American conservatism 6739:Breakup of Yugoslavia 6628:Bougainville conflict 6543:South Yemen civil war 6478:Martial law in Poland 6341:Nicaraguan Revolution 6316:Dirty War (Argentina) 6123:1971 JVP insurrection 5937:Years of Lead (Italy) 5815:North Yemen civil war 5733:Berlin Crisis of 1961 5709:Albanian–Soviet split 5641:1959 Tibetan uprising 5606:Syrian Crisis of 1957 5461:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 5321:1948 Arab–Israeli War 4973:Kalutara prison riots 4945:1977 Sri Lankan riots 4924:1953 Ceylonese Hartal 4874:1971 JVP insurrection 4519:Battle of Mulleriyawa 4484:Polonnaruwa–Pagan War 4469:Battle of Vijithapura 4443:1971 JVP insurrection 4246:Socialist Youth Union 4181:Somawansa Amarasinghe 4114:Magazine prison break 3907:. South Asia studies. 3482:"Crushing the revolt" 2632:– Became a journalist 2618:Somawansa Amarasinghe 2588:Rebels and supporters 2577:Premawathie Manamperi 2349:rigorous imprisonment 2148:F fighter bombers, a 2031:Sumanapala Dahanayake 1988:E. T. De Z Abeysekera 1926:except for cities of 1877:First wave of attacks 1774:Somawansa Amarasinghe 1623:, Sunanda Deshpriya, 1574:Accidental explosions 1484:1970 general election 1442:helicopters; and the 1384:Daimler Armoured Cars 1364:Sten sub machine guns 1340:Ceylon's armed forces 1258:United National Party 1254:1970 General Election 1202: 1149:Sirimavo Bandaranaike 1141:United National Party 1102:United National Party 1091:Sirimavo Bandaranaike 590:Politics of Sri Lanka 530:Casualties and losses 513:Soviet Air Forces: 60 461:Pakistan Armed Forces 115:Sabaragamuwa Province 31:1971 JVP insurrection 7926:Wars involving India 7886:Communist rebellions 7233:Non-Aligned Movement 6855:Peaceful coexistence 6809:North Borneo dispute 6724:German reunification 6719:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 6417:Salvadoran Civil War 6366:Grand Mosque seizure 6361:Yemenite War of 1979 6253:Mozambican Civil War 6208:Carnation Revolution 6163:Yemenite War of 1972 6101:1970 Polish protests 5932:1967 Hong Kong riots 5907:Argentine Revolution 5857:Guatemalan Civil War 5785:Cuban Missile Crisis 5699:Bay of Pigs Invasion 5571:1956 Poznań protests 5549:Geneva Summit (1955) 5151:Hukbalahap Rebellion 5130:Non-Aligned Movement 4979:Bindunuwewa massacre 4934:1958 Ceylonese riots 4929:1956 Ceylonese riots 4919:1915 Ceylonese riots 4879:Sri Lankan Civil War 4841:Cocos Islands mutiny 4600:Cocos Islands mutiny 4531:Dutch–Portuguese War 4453:Sri Lankan Civil War 4099:1987–89 Insurrection 3533:Alles, A.C. (1976). 2648:1967 Hong Kong riots 2443:improve this section 2289:Premawathi Manamperi 2254:Hunting Jet Provosts 2097:were airlifted from 2028:member of parliament 1994:in Badulla, Colonel 1676:improve this article 1614:Vidyodaya University 1372:Vickers machine guns 1177:medical student and 1127:History of Sri Lanka 1086:(then Ceylon) under 1011:Sri Lanka portal 731:Member of Parliament 681:Cabinet of Ministers 495:Korean People's Army 154:Sri Lankan Coalition 7891:Cold War rebellions 7678:Alex von Tunzelmann 7668:Vladimir Tismăneanu 7593:Thomas J. McCormick 7588:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 7488:Robert Hugh Ferrell 7351:Crusade for Freedom 7148:Illiberal democracy 7032:Ho Chi Minh Thought 6835:Eisenhower Doctrine 6688:Peaceful Revolution 6683:Romanian Revolution 6663:Revolutions of 1989 6648:1988 Polish strikes 6558:Operation INFEKTION 6553:1987 Lieyu massacre 6458:Eritrean Civil Wars 6441:Peruvian Revolution 6391:1979 Herat uprising 6381:Sino-Vietnamese War 6346:Uganda–Tanzania War 6326:Egyptian–Libyan War 6293:Third Indochina War 6288:Sino-Albanian split 6278:Ethiopian Civil War 6178:Eritrean Civil Wars 6118:Ping-pong diplomacy 6091:Cambodian Civil War 5917:Korean DMZ Conflict 5902:Cultural Revolution 5872:Dominican Civil War 5850:Tlatelolco massacre 5636:1959 Mosul uprising 5626:1958 Lebanon crisis 5353:Al-Wathbah uprising 5276:First Indochina War 5246:Iran crisis of 1946 4835:Suriya-Mal Movement 4829:Temperance movement 4524:Campaign of Danture 4166:Upatissa Gamanayake 3916:. Colombo: Agahas. 3862:Samaranaike, Gamini 3685:The Years of Terror 3602:on 13 December 2014 3310:Wickremesekera 2016 2624:Upatissa Gamanayake 2594:S. D. Bandaranayake 2400:second insurrection 1946:Government response 1904:Bell 206A JetRanger 1861:Viharamahadevi Park 1762:Panagoda Cantonment 1490:, a captain in the 1408:coastal motor boats 1302:People's Liberation 1068:(also known as the 808:Election Commission 778:Magistrate's Courts 721:Leader of the House 577:1,200 total killed 448:Indian Armed Forces 289:Sirima Bandaranaike 62:April 5 – June 1971 7832:Russian Revolution 7628:Mary Elise Sarotte 7613:William B. Pickett 7538:Patrick J. Hearden 7518:Gabriel Gorodetsky 7513:Timothy Garton Ash 7498:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 7093:Ethnic nationalism 6845:Hallstein Doctrine 6729:Yemeni unification 6518:1985 Geneva Summit 6483:Casamance conflict 6386:New Jewel Movement 6371:Iranian Revolution 6356:Chadian–Libyan War 6303:Cambodian conflict 6283:Lebanese Civil War 6273:Western Sahara War 6248:June 1976 protests 6243:Cambodian genocide 6008:17 July Revolution 5962:Nigerian Civil War 5877:Rhodesian Bush War 5862:Colombian conflict 5805:Ramadan Revolution 5544:Bandung Conference 5420:Operation Valuable 5301:Partition of India 5022:Mahara prison riot 4757:Rajarata Rebellion 4595:Easter Sunday Raid 4235:Party institutions 3868:. Gyan publishers. 3628:The JVP, 1969–1989 3143:. Colombotelegraph 3032:on 29 January 2022 2984:The New York Times 2612:Mahinda Wijesekara 2166:76mm mountain guns 2111:Chetak helicopters 1998:in Galle, Colonel 1996:Douglas Ramanayake 1984:counter-insurgency 1866:Stanley Senanayake 1608:Decision to attack 1597:state of emergency 1586:State of emergency 1504:Denzil Kobbekaduwa 1496:lieutenant colonel 1488:Anuruddha Ratwatte 1440:Bell 206 JetRanger 1432:de Havilland Heron 1418:consisted of nine 1392:anti-aircraft guns 1245:speech that year. 1213:Mahinda Wijesekara 1205: 1175:Lumumba University 72:Dominion of Ceylon 7863: 7862: 7850:List of conflicts 7698:Rudolph Winnacker 7643:Giles Scott-Smith 7618:Ronald E. Powaski 7573:Melvyn P. Leffler 7503:John Lewis Gaddis 7478:Robert D. English 7443:Warren H. Carroll 7433:Michael Beschloss 7402:Nuclear arms race 7383: 7382: 7289:Neues Deutschland 7191: 7190: 7173:White nationalism 7143:Liberal democracy 6880:Ulbricht Doctrine 6870:Brezhnev Doctrine 6678:Velvet Revolution 6422:Soviet–Afghan War 6238:Angolan Civil War 6035:Goulash Communism 5892:ASEAN Declaration 5845:Mexican Dirty War 5743:Annexation of Goa 5694:1960 U-2 incident 5668:Sino-Soviet split 5646:Laotian Civil War 5486:Bricker Amendment 5466:Mau Mau rebellion 5410:Malayan Emergency 5398:Chinese Civil War 5358:Tito–Stalin split 5212:Division of Korea 5036: 5035: 4903: 4902: 4881: (1983-2009) 4837: (1933–1939) 4819: (1817–1818) 4795: (1616–1617) 4789: (1616–1619) 4765: (1186–1187) 4747: (1157–1158) 4741: (1110-1153) 4667: 4666: 4494:Pandyan Civil War 4377: 4376: 4343:Matale mass grave 4176:Lalith Wijerathna 4094:1971 Insurrection 3979:Wijeweera, Rohana 3923:978-955-0230-03-7 3535:Insurgency - 1971 3356:. 8 February 2009 3239:Chandraprema 1991 2606:Jayadeva Uyangoda 2479: 2478: 2471: 2389:'s 3.2 million). 2387:J. R. Jayewardene 2269:Ground operations 2152:trainer, and two 2088:Ratmalana Airport 1976:S. A. Dissanayake 1924:Southern Province 1846:Rudra Rajasingham 1752: 1751: 1744: 1726: 1621:Jayadeva Uyangoda 1562:, members of the 1500:internal security 1480:Dudley Senanayake 1464:internal security 1428:de Havilland Dove 1396:Royal Ceylon Navy 1233:(CID) unit under 1227:J. R. Jayewardene 1222:central committee 1054: 1053: 958:Visa requirements 919:Foreign relations 866:Political parties 812:Recent elections 583: 582: 554:5,700 surrendered 474:Soviet Air Forces 121: 120: 117:for several weeks 111:Southern Province 7943: 7608:David S. Painter 7533:John Earl Haynes 7463:Nicholas J. Cull 7448:Adrian Cioroianu 7428:Thomas A. Bailey 7375:Voice of America 7266: 7265: 7178:White separatism 7158:Social democracy 7153:Guided democracy 7133:Authoritarianism 7083:Ultranationalism 7073:Anti-imperialism 7000:Marxism–Leninism 6913: 6912: 6900:Kinmen Agreement 6865:Johnson Doctrine 6850:Kennedy Doctrine 6766:Frozen conflicts 6749:1991 August Coup 6638:Afghan Civil War 6533:Reykjavík Summit 6528:Somali Rebellion 6468:Ugandan Bush War 6446:Gdańsk Agreement 5967:Protests of 1968 5947:War of Attrition 5656:Cuban Revolution 5592:We will bury you 5559:Cyprus Emergency 5539:Kashmir Princess 5529:Jebel Akhdar War 5378:Western betrayal 5063: 5056: 5049: 5040: 5039: 4823:Matale rebellion 4751:Ruhuna Rebellion 4733:Velakkara revolt 4721: 4720: 4707: 4706: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4671: 4670: 4654:Military history 4647:Related articles 4575:Matale rebellion 4422: 4420: 4419: 4404: 4397: 4390: 4381: 4380: 4371: 4370:Communism Portal 4324:Related articles 4218: 4198: 4161:Rohana Wijeweera 4153: 4143: 4086: 4076: 4067: 4060: 4053: 4044: 4043: 4008: 4007: 4005:Official website 3975: 3973: 3927: 3908: 3892: 3869: 3857: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3801: 3786:Pakistan Horizon 3780: 3743: 3726:Gunaratna, Rohan 3721: 3712: 3706: 3698: 3679: 3668:. Crane Russak. 3660: 3631: 3612: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3598:. Archived from 3585: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3574: 3569:on 20 April 2023 3565:. Archived from 3559: 3553: 3552: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3530: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3519: 3505: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3487:The Sunday Times 3477: 3471: 3470: 3468: 3466: 3459:The Sunday Times 3449: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3426: 3420: 3417:Arasaratnam 1972 3414: 3408: 3407: 3396: 3390: 3384: 3378: 3375:Samaranaike 2008 3372: 3366: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3346: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3335: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3293: 3275: 3269: 3266:Karunaratne 2020 3263: 3254: 3248: 3242: 3236: 3230: 3229: 3227: 3225: 3211: 3205: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3192:The Sunday Times 3183: 3177: 3171: 3165: 3159: 3153: 3152: 3150: 3148: 3137: 3131: 3128:Samaranaike 2008 3125: 3119: 3118: 3106: 3100: 3098: 3091: 3085: 3079: 3070: 3069: 3067: 3065: 3048: 3042: 3041: 3039: 3037: 3028:. Archived from 3015: 2996: 2995: 2993: 2991: 2974: 2968: 2962: 2956: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2929: 2923: 2917: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2901:on 24 March 2023 2897:. Archived from 2884: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2851: 2845: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2807: 2801: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2781: 2770: 2764: 2755: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2733:on 24 April 2023 2726:The Sunday Times 2717: 2685: 2679: 2516:Ravi Jayewardene 2474: 2467: 2463: 2460: 2454: 2423: 2415: 2398:The JVP began a 2345:T. W. Rajaratnam 2231:Turning the tide 2139:Soviet Air Force 2107:RCyAF Katunayake 2012:Dennis Hapugalle 2008:Tissa Weeratunga 2000:Derrick Nugawela 1914:and the town of 1804:Wellawaya attack 1770:RCyAF Katunayake 1747: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1727: 1725: 1684: 1660: 1652: 1602:Kegalle District 1580:Kegalle District 1494:was promoted to 1360:Lee–Enfield .303 1298:Janatha Vimukthi 1218:Marxism–Leninism 1171:Rohana Wijeweera 1137:D. S. Senanayake 1046: 1039: 1032: 1009: 1008: 1007: 993:Sri Lanka Portal 630:Law of Sri Lanka 601: 585: 584: 571: 570: 569: 562: 561: 553: 552: 551: 522: 521: 520: 493: 491: 490: 472: 470: 469: 459: 457: 456: 446: 445: 428: 427: 409: 408: 407: 399: 391: 390: 389: 380: 379: 378: 372:W.T.Karunnarathe 371: 370: 369: 362: 355: 354: 353: 346:Rohana Wijeweera 344: 343: 342: 331: 330: 320: 319: 311:S.A. Dissanayake 309: 308: 300:Sepala Attygalle 298: 297: 287: 286: 268: 267: 251: 250: 249: 237: 235: 234: 224: 222: 221: 211: 209: 208: 189: 188: 187: 179:CCP (Pro-Soviet) 177: 176: 175: 165: 164: 163: 152: 151: 139: 137: 136: 56: 55: 48: 28: 27: 7951: 7950: 7946: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7941: 7940: 7866: 7865: 7864: 7859: 7836: 7827:Second Cold War 7785: 7713: 7707: 7683:Odd Arne Westad 7673:Patrick Vaughan 7658:Athan Theoharis 7638:Ellen Schrecker 7623:Yakov M. Rabkin 7598:Timothy Naftali 7543:Tvrtko Jakovina 7528:Jussi Hanhimäki 7411: 7389: 7379: 7357:Paix et Liberté 7332: 7276:Active measures 7257: 7187: 7168:White supremacy 7128:Totalitarianism 7056: 6981: 6904: 6890:Reagan Doctrine 6885:Carter Doctrine 6825:Truman Doctrine 6813: 6760: 6692: 6587:Soviet reaction 6498:Ndogboyosoi War 6405: 6376:Saur Revolution 6203:1973 oil crisis 6168:Munich massacre 6076:Alcora Exercise 6071:Black September 6049: 5795:Sino-Indian War 5689:Simba rebellion 5672: 5516:Capture of the 5424: 5363:Berlin Blockade 5296:May 1947 crises 5286:Truman Doctrine 5251:Greek Civil War 5240:Blacklist Forty 5207:Gouzenko Affair 5194:Cursed soldiers 5146:Morgenthau Plan 5134: 5072: 5067: 5037: 5032: 4985:Mawanella riots 4910: 4899: 4855: 4848: 4798: 4725: 4716: 4714: 4708: 4701: 4698: 4668: 4663: 4642: 4611: 4580:Second Boer War 4457: 4426: 4417: 4415: 4412:armed conflicts 4408: 4378: 4373: 4369: 4362: 4319: 4293: 4262: 4230: 4216: 4210: 4206:13th Parliament 4196: 4190: 4151: 4145: 4144: 4135: 4084: 4078: 4074: 4071: 4038:Wayback Machine 4003: 4002: 3999: 3962:10.2307/2643171 3924: 3903: 3900: 3898:Further reading 3895: 3889: 3838:10.2307/2643170 3812: 3810: 3740: 3700: 3699: 3695: 3676: 3649:10.2307/2756507 3637:Pacific Affairs 3621: 3616: 3615: 3605: 3603: 3586: 3582: 3572: 3570: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3531: 3527: 3517: 3515: 3507: 3506: 3502: 3492: 3490: 3478: 3474: 3464: 3462: 3450: 3446: 3436: 3434: 3427: 3423: 3419:, pp. 7–8. 3415: 3411: 3398: 3397: 3393: 3385: 3381: 3373: 3369: 3359: 3357: 3348: 3347: 3343: 3333: 3331: 3320: 3316: 3308: 3301: 3291: 3289: 3276: 3272: 3264: 3257: 3249: 3245: 3237: 3233: 3223: 3221: 3213: 3212: 3208: 3198: 3196: 3185: 3184: 3180: 3172: 3168: 3160: 3156: 3146: 3144: 3139: 3138: 3134: 3126: 3122: 3107: 3103: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3080: 3073: 3063: 3061: 3049: 3045: 3035: 3033: 3016: 2999: 2989: 2987: 2975: 2971: 2963: 2959: 2951: 2947: 2930: 2926: 2920:Clodfelter 2002 2918: 2914: 2904: 2902: 2885: 2872: 2864: 2860: 2852: 2848: 2836: 2832: 2822: 2820: 2817:New Left Review 2808: 2804: 2794: 2792: 2783: 2782: 2773: 2765: 2758: 2750: 2746: 2736: 2734: 2719: 2718: 2699: 2694: 2689: 2688: 2680: 2676: 2671: 2639: 2590: 2547:Ruhunu Regiment 2525: 2505: 2500: 2498:Notable figures 2475: 2464: 2458: 2455: 2440: 2424: 2413: 2396: 2366:Volunteer Force 2361: 2337: 2331: 2311: 2302: 2297: 2271: 2250: 2233: 2228: 2219: 2202: 2121:in Ceylon. 150 2044: 2039: 2004:Cyril Ranatunga 1948: 1912:Matara District 1879: 1844:(Ops), and DIG 1818:D. S. Attygalle 1806: 1778:Welikada Prison 1757: 1748: 1737: 1731: 1728: 1685: 1683: 1673: 1661: 1650: 1629:police stations 1610: 1588: 1576: 1564:Mao Youth Front 1550: 1544: 1535: 1512: 1456: 1336: 1330: 1266: 1197: 1192: 1167: 1161: 1129: 1123: 1050: 1021: 1017:Other countries 1005: 1003: 998: 997: 976: 968: 967: 949: 937: 921: 911: 910: 881: 871: 870: 860: 842:Parliamentary: 836: 803: 793: 792: 788:Labour Tribunal 773:District Courts 763:Court of Appeal 737: 697: 655: 645: 644: 640:Law enforcement 615: 592: 578: 567: 565: 564: 556: 555: 549: 547: 524: 518: 516: 512: 510: 509:1,900 Air Force 508: 488: 486: 467: 465: 454: 452: 440: 432: 422: 410:Walter De Silva 405: 403: 387: 385: 384: 376: 374: 373: 367: 365: 364: 358: 351: 349: 348: 340: 338: 325: 324: 314: 313: 303: 302: 292: 291: 281: 262: 261: 257: 247: 245: 232: 230: 219: 217: 206: 204: 185: 183: 173: 171: 161: 159: 146: 134: 132: 105: 74: 49: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7949: 7939: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7881:1971 in Ceylon 7878: 7861: 7860: 7858: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7841: 7838: 7837: 7835: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7804: 7799: 7793: 7791: 7787: 7786: 7784: 7783: 7778: 7773: 7768: 7763: 7758: 7753: 7748: 7743: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7717: 7715: 7709: 7708: 7706: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7653:Timothy Snyder 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7615: 7610: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7583:Vojtech Mastny 7580: 7578:Geir Lundestad 7575: 7570: 7568:Walter Laqueur 7565: 7563:Walter LaFeber 7560: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7493:André Fontaine 7490: 7485: 7480: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7423:Gar Alperovitz 7419: 7417: 7413: 7412: 7410: 7409: 7404: 7399: 7393: 7391: 7385: 7384: 7381: 7380: 7378: 7377: 7372: 7366: 7365: 7360: 7353: 7348: 7340: 7338: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7323: 7318: 7311: 7304: 7299: 7292: 7285: 7278: 7272: 7270: 7263: 7259: 7258: 7256: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7199: 7197: 7193: 7192: 7189: 7188: 7186: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7163:Third-Worldism 7160: 7155: 7150: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7125: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7070: 7064: 7062: 7058: 7057: 7055: 7054: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6991: 6989: 6983: 6982: 6980: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6952:Libertarianism 6949: 6944: 6943: 6942: 6932: 6930:Chicago school 6927: 6921: 6919: 6910: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6875:Nixon Doctrine 6872: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6821: 6819: 6818:Foreign policy 6815: 6814: 6812: 6811: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6770: 6768: 6762: 6761: 6759: 6758: 6753: 6752: 6751: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6700: 6698: 6694: 6693: 6691: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6665: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6603:Operation RYAN 6600: 6595: 6590: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6508:Able Archer 83 6505: 6500: 6495: 6490: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6454: 6453: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6424: 6419: 6413: 6411: 6407: 6406: 6404: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6258:Oromo conflict 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6198:Yom Kippur War 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6057: 6055: 6051: 6050: 6048: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6021: 6020: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5981: 5976: 5975: 5974: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5853: 5852: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5830:Aden Emergency 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5781: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5748:Papua conflict 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5729: 5728: 5718: 5717: 5716: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5680: 5678: 5674: 5673: 5671: 5670: 5665: 5664: 5663: 5653: 5651:Kitchen Debate 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5611:Sputnik crisis 5608: 5603: 5595: 5588: 5583: 5581:Polish October 5578: 5573: 5568: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5481:Pact of Madrid 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5436:Bamboo Curtain 5432: 5430: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5406: 5405: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5329: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5235: 5227: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5196: 5191: 5190: 5189: 5184: 5176: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5135: 5133: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5085: 5077: 5074: 5073: 5066: 5065: 5058: 5051: 5043: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5030: 5025: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4991:Beruwala riots 4988: 4982: 4976: 4970: 4965: 4959: 4953: 4947: 4942: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4915: 4913: 4911:civil disorder 4905: 4904: 4901: 4900: 4898: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4860: 4858: 4856:(1948–present) 4850: 4849: 4847: 4846: 4845: 4844: 4838: 4832: 4826: 4820: 4808: 4806: 4804:British Ceylon 4800: 4799: 4797: 4796: 4790: 4784: 4778: 4772: 4766: 4760: 4754: 4748: 4742: 4736: 4729: 4727: 4718: 4710: 4709: 4697: 4696: 4689: 4682: 4674: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4661: 4656: 4650: 4648: 4644: 4643: 4641: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4619: 4617: 4613: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4604: 4603: 4602: 4597: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4571: 4570: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4549: 4548: 4543: 4533: 4528: 4527: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4514:Siege of Kotte 4506: 4504:Ming–Kotte War 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4458: 4456: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4434: 4432: 4428: 4427: 4407: 4406: 4399: 4392: 4384: 4375: 4374: 4367: 4364: 4363: 4361: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4339: 4338: 4336:Assassinations 4327: 4325: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4301: 4299: 4295: 4294: 4292: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4270: 4268: 4264: 4263: 4261: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4247: 4244: 4238: 4236: 4232: 4231: 4229: 4228: 4222: 4220: 4212: 4211: 4209: 4208: 4202: 4200: 4192: 4191: 4189: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4157: 4155: 4147: 4146: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4133: 4128: 4127: 4126: 4124:Assassinations 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4096: 4090: 4088: 4080: 4079: 4070: 4069: 4062: 4055: 4047: 4041: 4040: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4009: 3998: 3997:External links 3995: 3994: 3993: 3976: 3956:(9): 745–757. 3945: 3931:Halliday, Fred 3928: 3922: 3909: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3893: 3887: 3870: 3858: 3832:(9): 727–744. 3819: 3802: 3781: 3755:(3): 357–374. 3744: 3738: 3722: 3713: 3693: 3680: 3674: 3661: 3643:(3): 356–371. 3632: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3614: 3613: 3580: 3554: 3540: 3525: 3500: 3472: 3444: 3421: 3409: 3391: 3389:, p. 163. 3379: 3377:, p. 371. 3367: 3341: 3314: 3299: 3270: 3255: 3251:Gunaratna 1990 3243: 3231: 3206: 3195:. 4 April 2021 3178: 3176:, p. 145. 3166: 3154: 3132: 3130:, p. 213. 3120: 3101: 3086: 3071: 3043: 2997: 2969: 2967:, p. 222. 2957: 2955:, p. 185. 2945: 2942:(19): 965–968. 2924: 2922:, p. 669. 2912: 2870: 2858: 2846: 2830: 2802: 2771: 2769:, p. 109. 2767:Gunaratna 1990 2756: 2744: 2696: 2695: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2686: 2673: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2638: 2635: 2634: 2633: 2627: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2603: 2597: 2589: 2586: 2585: 2584: 2574: 2559:Noel Weerakoon 2553: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2519: 2512: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2477: 2476: 2459:September 2021 2427: 2425: 2418: 2412: 2409: 2392:Main article: 2360: 2357: 2333:Main article: 2330: 2327: 2319:crown counsels 2310: 2307: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2270: 2267: 2263:Sergeant pilot 2258:RCyAF Chinabay 2249: 2248:Air operations 2246: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2218: 2215: 2201: 2198: 2164:supplied four 2123:Indian Gorkhas 2052:United Kingdom 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2026:, where local 2020:Noel Weerakoon 1992:S. D. Ratwatte 1947: 1944: 1920:Galle District 1878: 1875: 1805: 1802: 1794:Army Commander 1756: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1664: 1662: 1655: 1649: 1646: 1609: 1606: 1587: 1584: 1575: 1572: 1546:Main article: 1543: 1540: 1534: 1531: 1511: 1508: 1468:John Attygalle 1455: 1452: 1404:HMCyS Gajabahu 1332:Main article: 1329: 1326: 1265: 1262: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1163:Main article: 1160: 1157: 1122: 1119: 1088:Prime Minister 1052: 1051: 1049: 1048: 1041: 1034: 1026: 1023: 1022: 1020: 1019: 1013: 1000: 999: 996: 995: 989: 988: 983: 977: 975:Related issues 974: 973: 970: 969: 966: 965: 960: 955: 948: 947: 936: 935: 934: 933: 922: 917: 916: 913: 912: 909: 908: 903: 898: 896:Municipalities 893: 888: 882: 877: 876: 873: 872: 869: 868: 863: 862: 861: 859: 858: 851: 846: 839: 837: 835: 834: 827: 822: 818:Presidential: 815: 810: 804: 799: 798: 795: 794: 791: 790: 785: 783:Primary Courts 780: 775: 770: 765: 760: 759: 758: 748: 736: 735: 734: 733: 728: 723: 718: 716:Deputy Speaker 713: 696: 695: 694: 693: 683: 678: 671:Prime Minister 668: 656: 651: 650: 647: 646: 643: 642: 637: 632: 627: 616: 611: 610: 607: 606: 603: 602: 594: 593: 588: 581: 580: 574: 573: 545: 532: 531: 527: 526: 514: 504: 503: 499: 498: 497: 484: 478: 477: 476: 463: 450: 438: 433: 417: 416: 415:Units involved 412: 411: 335: 278: 277: 273: 272: 243: 242: 241: 228: 215: 196: 195: 194: 193: 181: 169: 156:(from May 15) 128: 127: 123: 122: 119: 118: 107: 101: 100: 99: 98: 91: 88: 80: 76: 75: 70: 68: 64: 63: 60: 52: 51: 41: 40: 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7948: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7873: 7871: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7842: 7839: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7817:War on terror 7815: 7813: 7810: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7800: 7798: 7795: 7794: 7792: 7788: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7759: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7718: 7716: 7712:Espionage and 7710: 7704: 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7691: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7663:Andrew Thorpe 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7558:Gabriel Kolko 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7523:Fred Halliday 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7508:Lloyd Gardner 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7468:Norman Davies 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7453:John Costello 7451: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7420: 7418: 7414: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7394: 7392: 7388:Technological 7386: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7367: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7358: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7346: 7342: 7341: 7339: 7335: 7329: 7328: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7316: 7312: 7310: 7309: 7305: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7297: 7293: 7291: 7290: 7286: 7284: 7283: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7273: 7271: 7269:Pro-communist 7267: 7264: 7260: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7200: 7198: 7196:Organizations 7194: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7149: 7146: 7144: 7141: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7131: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7065: 7063: 7059: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7027: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7010:Eurocommunism 7008: 7006: 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6988: 6984: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6941: 6938: 6937: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6922: 6920: 6918: 6914: 6911: 6907: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6840:Domino theory 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6822: 6820: 6816: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6794:South Ossetia 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6771: 6769: 6767: 6763: 6757: 6754: 6750: 6747: 6746: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6695: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6588: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6578:8888 Uprising 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6523:Iran–Iraq War 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6488:Falklands War 6486: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6452: 6449: 6448: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6414: 6412: 6408: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6351:NDF Rebellion 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6331:German Autumn 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6311: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6218:Metapolitefsi 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6113: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6058: 6056: 6052: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6019: 6016: 6015: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5987: 5982: 5980: 5979:Prague Spring 5977: 5973: 5970: 5969: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5957:Al-Wadiah War 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5922:12-3 incident 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5851: 5848: 5847: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5765: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5727: 5724: 5723: 5722: 5719: 5715: 5712: 5711: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5669: 5666: 5662: 5659: 5658: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5593: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5566: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5519: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5501:Domino theory 5499: 5497: 5496:Petrov Affair 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5427: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5373:Madiun Affair 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5333:Marshall Plan 5331: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5313: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5241: 5236: 5234: 5233: 5228: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5182: 5177: 5175: 5174: 5169: 5168: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5143: 5141: 5137: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5090: 5086: 5084: 5083: 5082:United States 5079: 5078: 5075: 5071: 5064: 5059: 5057: 5052: 5050: 5045: 5044: 5041: 5029: 5026: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4992: 4989: 4986: 4983: 4980: 4977: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4916: 4914: 4912: 4906: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4857: 4851: 4842: 4839: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4821: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4813: 4810: 4809: 4807: 4805: 4801: 4794: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4773: 4771: (1470s) 4770: 4767: 4764: 4761: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4743: 4740: 4737: 4734: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4722: 4719: 4711: 4705: 4695: 4690: 4688: 4683: 4681: 4676: 4675: 4672: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4651: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4614: 4608: 4605: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4592: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4569: 4566: 4565: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4538: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4511: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4466: 4464: 4460: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4435: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4413: 4405: 4400: 4398: 4393: 4391: 4386: 4385: 4382: 4372: 4365: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4337: 4334: 4333: 4332: 4329: 4328: 4326: 4322: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4302: 4300: 4296: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4271: 4269: 4265: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4239: 4237: 4233: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4219: 4213: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4199: 4193: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4158: 4156: 4154: 4148: 4142: 4132: 4129: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4101: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4087: 4081: 4077: 4068: 4063: 4061: 4056: 4054: 4049: 4048: 4045: 4039: 4035: 4032: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4006: 4001: 4000: 3992: 3991:0-14-021822-X 3988: 3984: 3980: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3946: 3944: 3943:0-14-021822-X 3940: 3936: 3932: 3929: 3925: 3919: 3915: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3901: 3890: 3888:9781317293859 3884: 3880: 3876: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3826: 3820: 3808: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3745: 3741: 3739:9789552600043 3735: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3719: 3714: 3710: 3704: 3696: 3690: 3687:. Sri Lanka. 3686: 3681: 3677: 3671: 3667: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3633: 3629: 3626:Alles, A. C. 3624: 3623: 3601: 3597: 3596: 3591: 3584: 3568: 3564: 3558: 3550: 3544: 3536: 3529: 3514: 3510: 3504: 3489: 3488: 3483: 3476: 3461: 3460: 3455: 3448: 3432: 3425: 3418: 3413: 3405: 3401: 3395: 3388: 3387:Bermudez 1990 3383: 3376: 3371: 3355: 3351: 3345: 3329: 3325: 3318: 3311: 3306: 3304: 3287: 3286: 3281: 3274: 3267: 3262: 3260: 3253:, p. 98. 3252: 3247: 3241:, p. 35. 3240: 3235: 3220: 3216: 3210: 3194: 3193: 3188: 3182: 3175: 3170: 3163: 3158: 3142: 3136: 3129: 3124: 3116: 3112: 3105: 3096: 3090: 3083: 3078: 3076: 3060: 3059: 3054: 3047: 3031: 3027: 3026: 3021: 3014: 3012: 3010: 3008: 3006: 3004: 3002: 2986: 2985: 2980: 2973: 2966: 2961: 2954: 2949: 2941: 2937: 2936: 2928: 2921: 2916: 2900: 2896: 2895: 2890: 2883: 2881: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2868:, p. 34. 2867: 2862: 2855: 2850: 2843: 2839: 2834: 2819: 2818: 2813: 2806: 2790: 2786: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2768: 2763: 2761: 2753: 2748: 2732: 2728: 2727: 2722: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2697: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2591: 2582: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2568: 2567:RMA Sandhurst 2564: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2517: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2506: 2495: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2473: 2470: 2462: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2438: 2437: 2433: 2428:This section 2426: 2422: 2417: 2416: 2408: 2405: 2401: 2395: 2390: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2356: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2336: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2306: 2292: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2277: 2276:Alvis Saladin 2266: 2264: 2259: 2255: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2223: 2214: 2211: 2207: 2197: 2195: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2142:Antonov An-22 2140: 2134: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2105:(Chennai) to 2104: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2089: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2075: 2070: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2015: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1968: 1966: 1965:naval ratings 1962: 1956: 1954: 1943: 1939: 1937: 1936:Elephant Pass 1933: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1874: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1838:Gratian Silva 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1815:Major General 1811: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1746: 1743: 1735: 1724: 1721: 1717: 1714: 1710: 1707: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1693: – 1692: 1688: 1687:Find sources: 1681: 1677: 1671: 1670: 1665:This section 1663: 1659: 1654: 1653: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1615: 1605: 1603: 1598: 1594: 1583: 1581: 1571: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1556: 1549: 1539: 1530: 1528: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1507: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1451: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1374:, with a few 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1344:Ceylon Police 1341: 1335: 1325: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1305: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1278:Tissamaharama 1275: 1271: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1252:(UF) for the 1251: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1223: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1201: 1187: 1185: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1166: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1128: 1118: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1047: 1042: 1040: 1035: 1033: 1028: 1027: 1025: 1024: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1012: 1002: 1001: 994: 991: 990: 987: 984: 982: 979: 978: 972: 971: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 950: 946: 942: 939: 938: 932: 929: 928: 927: 924: 923: 920: 915: 914: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 892: 889: 887: 884: 883: 880: 875: 874: 867: 864: 857: 856: 852: 850: 847: 845: 841: 840: 838: 833: 832: 828: 826: 823: 821: 817: 816: 814: 813: 811: 809: 806: 805: 802: 797: 796: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 764: 761: 757: 756:Chief Justice 754: 753: 752: 751:Supreme Court 749: 747: 744: 743: 742: 741: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 708: 707: 704: 703: 702: 701: 692: 689: 688: 687: 684: 682: 679: 676: 672: 669: 666: 662: 659: 658: 654: 649: 648: 641: 638: 636: 633: 631: 628: 626: 622: 618: 617: 614: 609: 608: 605: 604: 600: 596: 595: 591: 587: 586: 575: 560: 546: 543: 540: 538: 534: 533: 528: 515: 506: 505: 500: 496: 485: 483: 480: 479: 475: 464: 462: 451: 449: 444: 439: 437: 436:Ceylon Police 434: 431: 426: 421: 420: 419: 418: 413: 402: 400: 394: 393:P. Kumarasiri 383: 363: 361: 347: 336: 334: 329: 323: 318: 312: 307: 301: 296: 290: 285: 280: 279: 274: 271: 266: 260: 259:Supported by: 256: 255: 244: 240: 229: 227: 216: 214: 203: 202: 201: 200: 192: 182: 180: 170: 168: 158: 157: 155: 150: 145: 144: 143: 142: 130: 129: 124: 116: 112: 108: 103: 102: 96: 93:Expulsion of 92: 89: 86: 85: 84: 81: 78: 77: 73: 69: 66: 65: 61: 58: 57: 53: 47: 42: 39: 34: 29: 26: 22: 7822:Brinkmanship 7714:intelligence 7603:Marius Oprea 7553:Harvey Klehr 7483:Herbert Feis 7473:Willem Drees 7438:Archie Brown 7355: 7343: 7325: 7315:Trybuna Ludu 7313: 7306: 7302:Radio Moscow 7294: 7287: 7280: 7108:Anti-Zionism 7024: 6947:Keynesianism 6935:Conservatism 6799:Transnistria 6779:China-Taiwan 6436:Gera Demands 6309: 6122: 6110: 5985: 5790:El Porteñazo 5684:Congo Crisis 5599: 5534:Algerian War 5517: 5393:Western Bloc 5388:Eastern Bloc 5383:Iron Curtain 5239: 5231: 5223: 5200: 5180: 5172: 5089:Soviet Union 5087: 5080: 5024: (2020) 4993: (2002) 4987: (2001) 4981: (2000) 4975: (1997) 4964: (1983) 4958: (1983) 4952: (1981) 4873: 4843: (1942) 4831: (1895) 4825: (1848) 4783: (1603) 4777: (1603) 4759: (1168) 4753: (1160) 4735: (1084) 4616:Peacekeeping 4590:World War II 4563:Kandyan Wars 4442: 4131:1989–present 4093: 3982: 3953: 3950:Asian Survey 3949: 3934: 3913: 3904: 3874: 3865: 3829: 3825:Asian Survey 3823: 3811:. Retrieved 3792:(2): 51–61. 3789: 3785: 3752: 3748: 3729: 3717: 3684: 3665: 3640: 3636: 3627: 3604:. Retrieved 3600:the original 3593: 3583: 3571:. Retrieved 3567:the original 3557: 3543: 3534: 3528: 3516:. Retrieved 3512: 3503: 3491:. Retrieved 3485: 3475: 3463:. Retrieved 3457: 3447: 3435:. Retrieved 3424: 3412: 3403: 3394: 3382: 3370: 3358:. Retrieved 3353: 3344: 3332:. Retrieved 3327: 3317: 3290:. Retrieved 3283: 3273: 3246: 3234: 3222:. Retrieved 3218: 3209: 3197:. Retrieved 3190: 3181: 3169: 3157: 3145:. Retrieved 3135: 3123: 3104: 3094: 3089: 3084:, p. 8. 3062:. Retrieved 3056: 3046: 3034:. Retrieved 3030:the original 3023: 2988:. Retrieved 2982: 2972: 2960: 2948: 2939: 2933: 2927: 2915: 2903:. Retrieved 2899:the original 2892: 2861: 2849: 2833: 2821:. Retrieved 2815: 2805: 2793:. Retrieved 2788: 2752:Kearney 1975 2747: 2735:. Retrieved 2731:the original 2724: 2677: 2583:beauty queen 2535:Rex De Costa 2480: 2465: 2456: 2441:Please help 2429: 2397: 2362: 2338: 2312: 2303: 2272: 2251: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2220: 2203: 2189:INS Godawari 2174: 2135: 2092: 2085: 2071: 2045: 2016: 1969: 1957: 1949: 1940: 1880: 1871:Temple Trees 1858: 1854:mobilization 1834:Radio Ceylon 1826:Gemunu Watch 1807: 1786:Radio Ceylon 1758: 1738: 1729: 1719: 1712: 1705: 1698: 1686: 1674:Please help 1669:verification 1666: 1648:Insurrection 1616: 1611: 1589: 1577: 1551: 1536: 1524: 1513: 1457: 1337: 1306: 1301: 1297: 1286:Anuradhapura 1267: 1250:United Front 1247: 1206: 1168: 1130: 1114:North Korean 1110:Soviet Union 1106:United Front 1099: 1095:armed forces 1081:United Front 1069: 1066:insurrection 1065: 1061: 1057: 1055: 945:in Sri Lanka 854: 830: 738: 698: 635:Human rights 613:Constitution 542:Armed Forces 535: 359: 337: 333:Paddy Mendis 322:D. V. Hunter 258: 252: 239:Soviet Union 198: 197: 153: 131: 126:Belligerents 95:North Korean 82: 36:Part of the 25: 7648:Shen Zhihua 7458:Michael Cox 7390:competition 7337:Pro-Western 7327:Soviet Life 7253:Safari Club 7223:Warsaw Pact 7078:Nationalism 7068:Imperialism 6967:Reaganomics 6830:Containment 6623:Perestroika 6112:Realpolitik 5942:Six-Day War 5927:Greek junta 5738:Berlin Wall 5586:Suez Crisis 5554:Vietnam War 5441:McCarthyism 5256:Baruch Plan 5201:Unthinkable 5161:Dekemvriana 5100:Warsaw Pact 4724:Monarchical 4585:World War I 4226:Dissanayake 4197:Governments 3606:12 December 3493:12 December 3465:25 December 3360:12 December 3312:, p. . 3288:. Sri Lanka 2990:25 December 2823:14 February 2737:12 December 2630:Victor Ivan 2571:Ceylon Army 2484:Jayawardena 2353:Loku Athula 2341:A. C. Alles 2309:Prosecution 2281:Loku Athula 2206:Kim Il-Sung 2200:North Korea 2185:INS Gomathi 2177:Indian Navy 2154:Kamov Ka-26 2048:telegraphed 1916:Ambalangoda 1908:RCyAF Ekala 1732:August 2019 1625:Loku Athula 1617:Sangaramaya 1560:Loku Athula 1510:Foreign aid 1352:Ceylon Army 1314:Victor Ivan 1239:Che Guevara 1173:, a former 1070:1971 Revolt 963:Visa policy 768:High Courts 700:Legislature 507:7,000 Army 270:North Korea 104:Territorial 7870:Categories 7416:Historians 7407:Space Race 7308:Rudé právo 7262:Propaganda 7118:Neo-Nazism 7088:Chauvinism 7042:Trotskyism 6957:Monetarism 6925:Liberalism 6917:Capitalism 6909:Ideologies 6860:Ostpolitik 6583:Solidarity 6548:Toyota War 6451:Solidarity 6308:Operation 6263:Ogaden War 5952:Dhofar War 5840:Shifta War 5598:Operation 5446:Korean War 5238:Operation 5230:Operation 5222:Operation 5199:Operation 5179:Operation 5171:Operation 4956:Black July 4717:rebellions 4414:involving 4031:Solidarity 3694:9559029037 3675:0844816094 3595:The Island 3513:Daily News 3437:28 January 3285:The Island 3224:27 January 3219:Daily News 3199:27 January 3082:Iqbal 1972 3064:27 January 3058:The Island 3036:28 January 3025:The Island 2905:27 January 2894:The Island 2838:Iqbal 1972 2692:References 2581:Kataragama 2300:Casualties 2162:Yugoslavia 2150:MiG-15 UTI 2131:Bell 47-G2 2109:, and six 2056:Air Ceylon 1961:reservists 1900:Warakapola 1896:Kataragama 1840:, Army HQ 1830:Diyatalawa 1702:newspapers 1634:Monaragala 1434:and three 1426:had three 1376:SLR rifles 1356:battalions 1322:haversacks 1270:Kurunegala 1125:See also: 706:Parliament 657:Executive 653:Government 511:2,000 Navy 7703:Ken Young 7548:Tony Judt 7397:Arms race 7370:Red Scare 7238:NN States 7183:Apartheid 7138:Autocracy 7047:Stalinism 7015:Guevarism 7005:Castroism 6995:Communism 6987:Socialism 6513:Star Wars 6106:Koza riot 5232:Beleaguer 5224:Masterdom 4909:Riots and 4854:Sri Lanka 4726:Sri Lanka 4715:coups and 4713:Attempted 4424:Sri Lanka 4267:Alliances 3879:Routledge 3846:0004-4687 3777:143790388 3769:1353-3312 3703:cite book 3551:. LawNet. 3354:Vayu Sena 2854:Hill 2013 2573:cricketer 2430:does not 2295:Aftermath 2194:Australia 2181:INS Ganga 2113:from the 2099:Bangalore 2063:Singapore 1892:Rajangane 1810:Wellawaya 1782:Srawasthi 1638:Wellawaya 1470:, former 1290:politburo 1274:Akmeemana 1074:communist 981:Civil War 891:Districts 886:Provinces 801:Elections 740:Judiciary 661:President 97:diplomats 7855:Timeline 7845:Category 7790:See also 7282:Izvestia 7123:Islamism 7020:Hoxhaism 6895:Rollback 6774:Abkhazia 6714:Gulf War 6618:Glasnost 5988:incident 5758:Sand War 5616:Ifni War 5125:Rio Pact 5070:Cold War 4431:Domestic 4217:Cabinets 4034:Archived 3864:(2008). 3813:24 April 3809:. Island 3798:41393126 3728:(1990). 3573:30 March 3518:11 April 3334:15 April 3147:26 March 2637:See also 2529:Lt. Col. 2514:Captain 2503:Arrested 2285:Wilpattu 2187:and the 1884:Deniyaya 1796:and the 1755:Missions 1362:rifles, 1318:shotguns 1282:Elpitiya 1133:dominion 986:Taxation 953:Passport 931:Minister 502:Strength 226:Pakistan 67:Location 38:Cold War 7345:Amerika 7228:Comecon 7113:Fascism 7103:Zionism 7052:Titoism 6593:Contras 6061:Détente 5338:Comecon 4462:Foreign 4331:Attacks 4152:Leaders 4085:History 3971:2643171 3854:2643170 3657:2756507 3619:Sources 3292:30 June 2451:removed 2436:sources 2158:BTR-152 2119:sorties 2067:Bell 47 2059:Trident 1970:Former 1918:in the 1888:Uragaha 1766:arsenal 1716:scholar 1430:, four 1400:frigate 1388:mortars 1294:Colombo 1243:May Day 1190:Prelude 1121:Origins 711:Speaker 395: ( 360:† 106:changes 7296:Pravda 7098:Racism 7037:Maoism 6789:Kosovo 6310:Condor 5986:Pueblo 5972:May 68 5600:Gladio 5518:Tuapse 5181:Jungle 5173:Priboi 4941:(1971) 4421: 4410:Major 3989: 3968: 3941: 3920: 3885: 3852: 3844: 3796: 3775: 3767: 3736: 3691: 3672: 3655: 3115:NKNews 2842:Ceylon 2523:Killed 2359:Legacy 2183:, the 2103:Madras 2024:Matara 1974:(IGP) 1932:Matara 1792:, the 1718: 1711: 1704: 1697: 1689: 1593:Ampara 1410:. The 1380:Ferret 537:Police 492: 471: 458: 236: 223: 210: 141:Ceylon 138: 79:Result 7781:Stasi 7248:SAARC 7243:ASEAN 7208:SEATO 7061:Other 7026:Juche 6784:Korea 6697:1990s 6410:1980s 6054:1970s 5677:1960s 5429:1950s 5139:1940s 5120:NEATO 5115:SEATO 5105:ANZUS 3966:JSTOR 3850:JSTOR 3794:JSTOR 3773:S2CID 3653:JSTOR 3174:Alles 3162:Alles 2965:Alles 2953:Alles 2866:Alles 2795:3 May 2669:Notes 2210:Juche 1928:Galle 1842:GSO 1 1828:from 1723:JSTOR 1709:books 1300:, or 901:Wards 213:India 7321:TASS 7213:METO 7203:NATO 6429:and 6427:1980 5984:USS 5110:METO 5095:NATO 4546:1591 4541:1560 3987:ISBN 3939:ISBN 3918:ISBN 3883:ISBN 3842:ISSN 3815:2020 3765:ISSN 3734:ISBN 3709:link 3689:ISBN 3670:ISBN 3608:2014 3575:2020 3520:2020 3495:2014 3467:2021 3439:2022 3362:2014 3336:2021 3294:2020 3226:2022 3201:2022 3149:2020 3066:2022 3038:2022 2992:2021 2907:2022 2825:2018 2797:2024 2739:2014 2569:and 2556:Maj. 2543:CAVF 2488:SLFP 2434:any 2432:cite 2175:The 2101:and 2078:USAF 1930:and 1898:and 1695:news 1636:and 1390:and 1382:and 1370:and 1284:and 1056:The 855:next 849:2020 844:2015 831:2024 825:2022 820:2019 675:List 665:List 625:1947 621:1931 191:LSSP 167:SLFP 113:and 59:Date 7776:KGB 7771:MVD 7756:MI6 7751:MI5 7746:CIA 7218:EEC 3958:doi 3834:doi 3757:doi 3645:doi 2539:MBE 2532:Dr. 2445:by 2127:RAF 1953:KIA 1798:IGP 1678:by 1235:ASP 1062:JVP 482:SSU 398:POW 254:JVP 7872:: 3964:. 3954:15 3952:. 3881:. 3877:. 3848:. 3840:. 3830:15 3828:. 3790:25 3788:. 3771:. 3763:. 3753:20 3751:. 3705:}} 3701:{{ 3651:. 3641:45 3639:. 3592:. 3511:. 3484:. 3456:. 3402:. 3352:. 3326:. 3302:^ 3282:. 3258:^ 3217:. 3189:. 3113:. 3074:^ 3055:. 3022:. 3000:^ 2981:. 2938:. 2891:. 2873:^ 2814:. 2787:. 2774:^ 2759:^ 2723:. 2700:^ 2579:– 2565:– 2563:CA 2561:, 2541:, 2537:, 1938:. 1894:, 1890:, 1886:, 1856:. 1820:, 1784:, 1780:, 1402:, 1366:, 1310:Rs 1280:, 1276:, 1272:, 1155:. 1064:) 943:/ 623:· 401:) 6589:) 6585:( 5594:" 5590:" 5567:" 5563:" 5062:e 5055:t 5048:v 4693:e 4686:t 4679:v 4403:e 4396:t 4389:v 4066:e 4059:t 4052:v 3974:. 3960:: 3926:. 3891:. 3856:. 3836:: 3817:. 3800:. 3779:. 3759:: 3742:. 3720:. 3711:) 3697:. 3678:. 3659:. 3647:: 3630:. 3610:. 3577:. 3522:. 3497:. 3469:. 3441:. 3406:. 3364:. 3338:. 3296:. 3268:. 3228:. 3203:. 3151:. 3117:. 3099:. 3068:. 3040:. 2994:. 2940:6 2909:. 2856:. 2827:. 2799:. 2754:. 2741:. 2472:) 2466:( 2461:) 2457:( 2453:. 2439:. 1745:) 1739:( 1734:) 1730:( 1720:· 1713:· 1706:· 1699:· 1672:. 1060:( 1045:e 1038:t 1031:v 677:) 673:( 667:) 663:( 23:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

1971 JVP insurrection

Index