47:
3241:
1699:
1655:
1643:
1792:, which is supported by prosecuting offices in other towns as well as the criminal police, currently about 600 to 700 individuals are suspected in the investigations. In addition, search warrants have been issued. An official confirmation about the total number of suspects and amount of money involved has not yet been issued. According to the prosecutors, current investigations provide a "very high level of evidence."
1807:, under the suspicion that he evaded about €1 million (US$ 1.46 million) in taxes. Pressured by the government, Zumwinkel resigned from his position. Similarly a number of other individuals have been under investigation for months, and the appearance that the well-to-do have ways and means to evade the German tax laws has caused complaints about inequality.
1879:, chairman of a senate investigations committee, indicated his intention to probe to what degree American citizens have used the LGT bank to evade taxes. In July 2008 the U.S. Subcommittee determined that the offshore tax haven deprived $ 100 billion per year from the U.S. taxpayer. Specifically mentioned were Switzerland's
2073:
justified in paying a €4m bribe to a bank official in a foreign country (with financing and approval from both the German chancellery and finance ministry). In March 2009 Germany announced that it will not grant judicial assistance to
Liechtenstein in the prosecution of the assumed perpetrator, claiming
2085:
Liechtenstein entered negotiations with a number of countries to discuss tax avoidance issues. It reached an agreement with the United
Kingdom in 2009 that will allow the about 5,000 British customers of Liechtenstein's banks that hold for them about ÂŁ2-3 billion in secret accounts to come clear with
2068:
which would eliminate its border controls towards
Austria, and Germany's consent is required; Germany could impose fees on transfers of currency, place taxes on business activities of its citizens in Liechtenstein, and require them to prove that their activities there are legitimate. Furthermore, it
1883:
and
Liechtenstein's LGT Group. The report indicates that the LGT Group contributed to a "culture of secrecy and deception". According to the report UBS holds 1,000 declared accounts versus 19,000 that are not declared to the IRS. The report recommended a number of steps including tighter regulations
1766:
to evade paying taxes in
Germany. According to the prosecutor's office these trusts "have been created apparently only to evade paying taxes." According to the law in Liechtenstein, such trusts allow the separation of monetary assets from their owners and are kept anonymously. In contrast to trusts
2072:
Questions have also been raised within
Germany as to the internal legality of the matter. Concerns have been voiced that the actions taken by BND were outside the agency's national security (and constitutional) remit, with attention also focusing on the wider ethical debate as to whether BND was
1961:
tax authorities and that about 100 individuals in the UK are at risk for investigations for tax evasion. The informant also provided the governments of
Australia, Canada and France with data. On February 26 it became known that the German government was willing to share relevant data of the about
2063:
The German government, on the other hand, is considering a coordinated international action: according to internal sources of the
Ministry of Finances Liechtenstein supposedly lives to "a good part from the business of evading taxes". The government may consider a number of possible actions:
2052:, called the investigations an "attack" on Liechtenstein by the Federal Republic and is considering legal remedies. The German government has been criticized for working with secret bank data that was stolen by the informant. The head prosecutor of Liechtenstein Robert Wallner initiated an
2086:
British tax authorities under terms of a significantly reduced penalty. The agreement would open up
Liechtenstein's banks to greater transparency, but remains controversial in Liechtenstein; some banks fear that clients will just move their money elsewhere.
1940:
1% interest rate payment. In one case hidden funds were in total €483,000 and acted additional tax was €4,350. In addition to this, tax payers must pay the avoided taxes and an interest of the tax funds not paid in time. According to the
1767:
of most other countries, Liechtenstein trusts can be revoked at any time and the assets will be returned to the owner. Furthermore, such trusts as well as their maintaining shell entities are only charged 0.1% (minimum 1,000
2413:
1994:
confirmed that he had been living in the country until 2010-2011, being under the protection of the secret services of several countries. After being found by journalists in
Australia, he moved to a new unknown location.
1892:
According to the LGT Bank some 20 Finns had evaded tax in Finland via accounts containing €50-60 million in deposited funds. This was the largest known tax avoidance case in Finland. Most names are secret. According to
1978:
and Spain have also announced investigations derived from Germany's list. India, however, has thus far not considered Germany's offer despite reports that many wealthy Indian citizens might have accounts in the bank.
2174:
991:
2805:
1866:
While the BND received the data in 2006, the LGT Group indicated that in 2002 secret information had been stolen but the informant had been caught and tried in 2003, and all material had been returned.
2378:
3059:
3010:
2864:
2635:
2410:
1832:
for the data on which the investigation is based. Facing death threats, the informant was in hiding in 2008 and had asked for police protection. At the time, Kieber was wanted by
1962:
4,500 accounts with other governments; two-thirds of these accounts belong to accounts of non-German individuals or entities. Fiscal authorities in Ireland, Denmark, Belgium,
2184:
1710:
is a series of tax investigations in numerous countries whose governments suspect that some of their citizens may have evaded tax obligations by using banks and trusts in
2463:
1936:. The decisions are not public. According to Finnish law the cost of hidden taxes can be up to 30%. In two cases shown for the reporters the Administrative Court acted
2815:
1731:
2430:
1836:. Kieber would later state that the secret services of several countries, including Germany, had provided him with a new identity and was protecting him.
2685:
2490:
2737:
2458:
2102:
3136:
2208:
2868:
1337:
2671:
2601:
3366:
3111:, Australian Broadcast Commission TV, Four Corners page including streaming video, reporter Liz Jackson, first broadcast on 6 October 2008.
2031:. Merkel asked for help in the investigation and cooperation in prevention of tax evasion, pointing out that Liechtenstein provided the US
2569:
3361:
1722:. It is seen also as an attempt to put pressure on Liechtenstein, one of the remaining uncooperative tax havens, as identified by the
2143:
2049:
1194:
3225:
2459:"Informant im Fadenkreuz - Tippgeber von Liechtenstein muss völlig neue Identität erhalten - Fahnder rätseln über Zumwinkels Motiv"
1059:
1054:
495:
3516:
3417:
3215:
3149:
2659:
2056:"against unknown perpetrators for the violation of company secrets for a foreign country". Also, two lawyers in Berlin initiated
1942:
1408:
1001:
222:
17:
490:
1933:
1829:
2899:
3356:
1863:- this will avoid or reduce punitive damages - for possible tax evasions by people with financial assets in Liechtenstein.
1608:
789:
3412:
1483:
2060:
against the BND and the Federal government claiming among others "infidelity toward the taxpayer" and "spying of data".
3319:
3312:
3261:
3210:
3205:
3129:
1839:
A number of raids were conducted in Hamburg, Munich, Frankfurt and other cities. Several banks were searched including
1685:
1548:
671:
183:
3561:
3190:
2758:
2647:
1009:
757:
3480:
3346:
3185:
2836:
2636:
Kaikkien aikojen veronkiertotutkinta kuivui kokoon - varoja piilottaneet suomalaiset jäävät ilman rikosseuraamuksia
2016:
474:
3271:
3266:
656:
252:
1824:(BND, English: Federal Intelligence Service), which handed the material over to the tax investigation office in
3551:
3392:
3170:
2435:
1759:
1613:
1332:
2689:
1875:
The informant also had sold data to the government of the United States. After the affair broke open, Senator
3458:
3453:
3324:
3297:
3122:
3067:
2023:, the Prime Minister of Liechtenstein, to Berlin on February 19, 2008, to meet with the Minister of Finance,
1618:
46:
2390:
2353:
3329:
3165:
1316:
607:
2468:
3571:
3407:
2574:
1558:
1528:
3556:
3468:
3302:
3249:
3195:
2323:
939:
411:
3485:
3351:
3285:
3220:
3034:
2519:
2239:
986:
564:
521:
372:
227:
76:
1932:
Seventeen Finns paid additional taxes totalling €10 million. The taxpayers initiated actions in the
3546:
3509:
3380:
3336:
3157:
2218:
2112:
2032:
1918:
1578:
996:
480:
3402:
2148:
1984:
1821:
1593:
1533:
1044:
1039:
661:
542:
193:
1957:
On February 24, 2008, it became apparent that secret bank information had also been sold to the
1844:
3566:
3525:
3475:
2579:
1678:
1503:
1388:
1383:
979:
558:
377:
2107:
1812:
3463:
1583:
1508:
1473:
1458:
1378:
1368:
612:
532:
527:
448:
3448:
3307:
3200:
3175:
3108:
2957:
2213:
1603:
1568:
1543:
1423:
1403:
570:
247:
108:
2272:
8:
3397:
2984:
2927:
2783:
2713:
2541:
1623:
1523:
1518:
1463:
1448:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1373:
1363:
1358:
1342:
1212:
1158:
961:
469:
3422:
2884:
2810:
2293:
2065:
1860:
1598:
1588:
1573:
1563:
1538:
1488:
1453:
1443:
1413:
1398:
1393:
1248:
1163:
951:
915:
836:
715:
433:
71:
2024:
1714:; the affair broke open with the biggest complex of investigations ever initiated for
3436:
3091:
Simonian H (August 12, 2009). "Liechtenstein in talks with Germany on transparency".
2567:
1902:
1894:
1671:
1513:
1498:
1493:
1468:
1418:
1218:
929:
881:
821:
737:
678:
390:
357:
163:
3490:
2929:
Head Prosecutor of Liechtenstein initiates indictment "against unknown perpetrators"
2882:
Pfanner, Eric; Landler, Mark (2008-02-20). "Tax Inquiry? Principality Is Offended".
1859:
in Hamburg. In the meantime revenue offices also noted a higher number of voluntary
2139:
2069:
counts on the support of other governments who also feel the sting of tax evasion.
1840:
1727:
1553:
1478:
1084:
1049:
1029:
841:
809:
683:
537:
288:
2077:
overrides its duty to do so under the European Mutual Legal Assistance Agreement.
1945:
no other legal procedures are possible, than collecting the hidden tax and its 1%
2417:
1990:
1971:
1800:
1796:
1647:
1263:
1121:
1116:
851:
814:
725:
690:
592:
516:
352:
312:
278:
188:
178:
173:
168:
86:
2568:
Tartler, Jens; Ehrlich, Peter; Lockhart, Ina; Lambrecht, Matthias (2008-02-19).
1914:
1795:
The affair became known on February 14, 2008, when a raid was conducted against
2546:
2382:
1975:
1958:
1856:
1723:
1206:
1178:
1153:
1014:
856:
651:
587:
485:
423:
327:
322:
305:
283:
3540:
3240:
3145:
2153:
2028:
2009:
1946:
1906:
1848:
1804:
1711:
1278:
946:
871:
762:
695:
629:
597:
464:
406:
367:
347:
317:
232:
153:
148:
123:
113:
55:
1754:
belonging to hundreds of citizens living in Germany were channeled into the
3180:
2672:
Liechtensteinin veronkiertojutussa on määrätty hyvin pieniä veronkorotuksia
2179:
2074:
2020:
1817:
1788:
According to the lead prosecuting office responsible for economic crime in
1659:
1173:
956:
925:
896:
876:
767:
752:
732:
646:
641:
443:
237:
206:
3114:
2244:
1768:
1715:
1168:
906:
866:
784:
720:
666:
602:
428:
418:
362:
242:
143:
138:
96:
81:
2714:"Deutschland verschenkt SteuersĂĽnder-Daten an Regierungen in aller Welt"
2962:
2762:
2053:
1898:
1876:
1273:
1243:
1126:
1111:
1034:
966:
934:
886:
861:
846:
747:
742:
710:
636:
342:
337:
158:
118:
64:
1698:
2357:
1988:
reported that the informant likely was living in Australia. In 2011,
1825:
1772:
1763:
1106:
1024:
1019:
705:
700:
511:
438:
128:
2622:
2520:"How a Tax-Evasion Whistleblower Became One of Europe's Most Wanted"
2904:
2841:
2040:
2012:
is directly affected by the affair as the LGT Bank is owned by the
1833:
1755:
1268:
1236:
920:
910:
831:
826:
799:
772:
582:
332:
273:
268:
101:
2683:
2386:
2057:
1963:
1735:
1719:
1079:
901:
804:
794:
133:
91:
2784:"Affäre Liechtenstein. Steuerskandal erfasst Europa und die USA"
2865:"Regierungschef Otmar Hasler bei Bundeskanzlerin Angela Merkel"
2273:"Liechtenstein defends its banks in German tax-evasion inquiry"
2045:
1974:, Norway and Sweden indicated interest. The governments of the
1967:
1922:
1880:
1852:
1789:
1739:
1642:
1288:
1099:
1094:
1089:
891:
779:
3060:"Fall Heinrich Kieber: Deutschland lehnt Rechtshilfegesuch ab"
2985:"Berlin will Geschäfte mit Liechtenstein radikal einschränken"
2013:
1926:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1283:
1258:
1253:
1200:
1072:
2684:
Watts, Robert; Matthew Campbell; Nicola Smith (2008-02-24).
2602:"Sen Levin Concerned Liechtenstein Bank Drawing Tax Evaders"
1751:
2686:"Revenue men prise open princely tax haven, Liechtenstein"
2542:"Fahnder durchsuchen erneut Banken in MĂĽnchen und Hamburg"
2019:. The affair overshadowed the previously planned visit of
2934:
1910:
38:
2688:. London: The Sunday Times (Timesonline). Archived from
2035:
with some data but not the German Ministry of Finances.
2867:(Press release) (in German). 2008-02-15. Archived from
2240:"German Banks Suspected of Helping Clients Evade Taxes"
3008:
2321:
1925:(coffee, spices) and a construction company owners in
1816:, Heinrich Kieber, a bank computer technician, sold a
1732:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
2209:"In Deutschland bahnt sich riesiger Steuerskandal an"
2172:
2137:
1003:
European Union Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base
2881:
2648:
Supreme Court ruling hobbles Liechtenstein tax probe
2354:"Germany expands probe of Liechtenstein tax evasion"
2324:"Tax Scandal in Germany Fans Complaints of Inequity"
2270:
2411:Kiebler's profile @ Liechtenstein's police website
2044:described the event as a "government crisis". The
27:Series of tax investigations in numerous countries
2294:"Press release of the prosecuting office, Bochum"
3538:
2806:"Germany offers black money data, India dithers"
2623:"USB, Liechtenstein Aided US Tax Cheats: Senate"
1771:) annually. Liechtenstein thus is known to be a
3009:Dougherty, Carter; Landler, Mark (2008-02-21).
2322:Dougherty, Carter; Landler, Mark (2008-02-18).
3130:
1679:
3011:"Germany Prods Liechtenstein to Fight Fraud"
2958:"Strafanzeige gegen BND und Bundesregierung"
2708:
2706:
2431:"Deutschland vor historischem Steuerskandal"
2513:
2511:
2271:Pfanner, Eric; Landler, Mark (2008-02-19).
2173:Keuchel, Jan; Andresen, Tino (2008-02-16).
1820:with incriminating bank information to the
3144:
3137:
3123:
3090:
2759:"Skat lun pĂĄ omstridt Liechtenstein-papir"
2740:. The Financial Times (ft.com). 2008-02-24
2428:
2347:
2345:
2343:
1762:, taking advantage of Liechtenstein-based
1686:
1672:
3086:
3084:
2732:
2730:
2703:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2050:Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein
1195:Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy
2508:
1697:
2491:"Interpol seeks Liechtenstein tax mole"
2340:
2299:(Press release) (in German). 2008-02-15
2217:(in German). 2008-02-15. Archived from
2111:(in German). 2008-02-15. Archived from
1943:Supreme Administrative Court of Finland
14:
3539:
3081:
2900:"Tausende Verdächtige in Steueraffäre"
2738:"Monaco vows to help German tax probe"
2727:
2517:
2379:"Liechtenstein tax scandal hits banks"
2310:
2232:
2126:
1828:. Kieber was paid €4.2 million by the
3118:
2803:
2488:
2351:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2203:
2201:
2456:
2660:Bertel Pauligilla veroparatiisitili
2599:
2570:"Razzia bei deutschen Privatbanken"
2064:Liechtenstein is about to join the
24:
2371:
2259:
2198:
2003:
1952:
25:
3583:
3102:
2837:"Liechtensteins Ruf ist ruiniert"
2429:Eppelsheim, Philip (2008-02-15).
1778:
1010:Global minimum corporate tax rate
3239:
2175:"Nächste Woche knallt es wieder"
2142:; Crawford, David (2008-02-19).
2017:princely family of Liechtenstein
1870:
1653:
1641:
475:Base erosion and profit shifting
45:
3052:
3027:
3002:
2977:
2950:
2920:
2892:
2875:
2857:
2829:
2797:
2776:
2751:
2677:
2665:
2653:
2641:
2629:
2625:. Associated Press. 2008-07-17.
2615:
2593:
2561:
2534:
2482:
2450:
2422:
2404:
2103:"Skandal gigantischen AusmaĂźes"
2080:
253:Optimal capital income taxation
3035:"Not so fine in Liechtenstein"
2457:Kuhn, Friedrich (2008-02-17).
2436:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
2286:
2275:. International Herald Tribune
2166:
2095:
1897:in Sept/Oct 2013 Lichtenstein
1333:List of countries by tax rates
13:
1:
2144:"Stolen Data Spur Tax Probes"
2089:
1937:
1810:According to a report by the
1745:
1708:2008 Liechtenstein tax affair
758:Natural resources consumption
3066:. 2009-03-23. Archived from
2804:Mohan, Vishwa (2008-05-21).
2518:Ritzer, U. (3 August 2011).
2389:. 2008-02-19. Archived from
1998:
1884:for financial institutions.
1760:other banks in Liechtenstein
608:United States as a tax haven
7:
2578:(in German). Archived from
2575:Financial Times Deutschland
2489:Quinn, James (2008-08-19).
2467:(in German). Archived from
2183:(in German). Archived from
1830:Federal Ministry of Finance
1724:Financial Action Task Force
1720:Federal Republic of Germany
10:
3588:
3196:Confederation of the Rhine
2352:Moore, Matt (2008-02-18).
1901:accounts include funds of
1887:
1783:
522:Offshore financial centres
412:Repatriation tax avoidance
3503:
3444:
3435:
3388:
3379:
3293:
3284:
3257:
3248:
3237:
3216:1928 embezzlement scandal
3156:
3064:Liechtensteiner Vaterland
2786:. Der Spiegel. 2008-02-26
2716:. Der Spiegel. 2008-02-26
2464:Deutscher Depeschendienst
1702:Location of Liechtenstein
987:Financial transaction tax
77:Property tax equalization
3562:Economy of Liechtenstein
2033:Internal Revenue Service
1919:Guggenheim Helsinki Plan
1338:Tax revenue to GDP ratio
997:Currency transaction tax
578:Liechtenstein tax affair
2991:(in German). 2008-02-19
2966:(in German). 2008-02-19
2909:(in German). 2008-02-15
2846:(in German). 2008-02-15
2550:(in German). 2008-02-19
2416:March 17, 2008, at the
2149:The Wall Street Journal
1985:The Wall Street Journal
1822:Bundesnachrichtendienst
1045:Permanent establishment
1040:Exchange of Information
543:Financial Secrecy Index
194:Medical savings account
3313:and the European Union
2027:, and the Chancellor,
1703:
940:Vehicle miles traveled
559:Ireland as a tax haven
373:Private tax collection
18:2008 German tax affair
3552:2008 in Liechtenstein
2939:. Radio-Liechtenstein
1845:Hauck & Aufhäuser
1701:
613:Panama as a tax haven
565:Ireland v. Commission
533:Conduit and sink OFCs
528:Offshore magic circle
449:Unreported employment
3308:European microstates
3201:German Confederation
3176:Liechtenstein Castle
2214:Agence France Presse
2008:The principality of
1934:Administrative Court
1609:United Arab Emirates
1351:Individual Countries
1060:Foreign revenue rule
852:Inheritance (estate)
571:Leprechaun economics
3109:"Tax Me If You Can"
2495:The Daily Telegraph
2115:on November 3, 2008
2108:SĂĽddeutsche Zeitung
1861:self-incriminations
1813:SĂĽddeutsche Zeitung
1730:of the Paris-based
1648:Business portal
1343:Tax rates in Europe
1213:Tax Justice Network
1159:Dhammika Dharmapala
662:Airport improvement
470:Transfer mispricing
261:Distribution of Tax
33:Part of a series on
3572:Financial scandals
3413:Telecommunications
3221:1939 failed putsch
3015:The New York Times
2885:The New York Times
2811:The Times of India
2600:AFP (2008-02-21).
2360:. Associated Press
2328:The New York Times
2066:Schengen Agreement
2048:of Liechtenstein,
1982:In February 2008,
1855:in Munich and the
1704:
1249:Eight per thousand
1164:James R. Hines Jr.
1055:European Union FTT
72:Government revenue
3557:Commercial crimes
3534:
3533:
3499:
3498:
3431:
3430:
3375:
3374:
3362:Political parties
3320:Foreign relations
3280:
3279:
3206:1862 Constitution
2393:on 11 August 2011
2140:Simpson, Glenn R.
1903:Casimir Ehrnrooth
1895:Helsingin Sanomat
1696:
1695:
1631:
1630:
1227:
1226:
1219:Tax Policy Center
962:Negative (income)
738:Environmental tax
620:
619:
538:Financial centres
358:Tax investigation
296:
295:
164:Tax harmonization
16:(Redirected from
3579:
3519:
3512:
3442:
3441:
3386:
3385:
3342:
3291:
3290:
3255:
3254:
3243:
3191:Military history
3139:
3132:
3125:
3116:
3115:
3097:
3096:
3088:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2954:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2938:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2814:. Archived from
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2734:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2710:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2657:
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2124:
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2120:
2099:
1939:
1841:Bankhaus Metzler
1805:Deutsche Post AG
1728:money laundering
1688:
1681:
1674:
1660:Money portal
1658:
1657:
1656:
1646:
1645:
1322:
1321:
1143:
1142:
1050:Transfer pricing
1030:Tax equalization
1004:
947:Corporate profit
583:Luxembourg Leaks
517:Corporate havens
396:
395:
212:
211:
49:
30:
29:
21:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3547:2008 in Germany
3537:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3495:
3481:Public holidays
3427:
3371:
3347:Law enforcement
3340:
3276:
3244:
3235:
3231:2008 tax affair
3186:Princely family
3152:
3143:
3105:
3100:
3093:Financial Times
3089:
3082:
3073:
3071:
3058:
3057:
3053:
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2692:on July 6, 2008
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2418:Wayback Machine
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2100:
2096:
2092:
2083:
2025:Peer SteinbrĂĽck
2006:
2004:Early reactions
2001:
1972:the Netherlands
1955:
1953:Other countries
1890:
1873:
1801:chief executive
1797:Klaus Zumwinkel
1786:
1781:
1748:
1692:
1654:
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1319:
1309:
1308:
1264:Fiscus Judaicus
1239:
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1187:Advocacy groups
1140:
1132:
1131:
1122:Trade agreement
1117:Free-trade zone
1075:
1065:
1064:
1002:
982:
972:
971:
632:
622:
621:
593:Paradise Papers
434:Debtors' prison
393:
383:
382:
353:Tax preparation
313:Revenue service
308:
298:
297:
209:
199:
198:
179:Double taxation
174:Tax withholding
169:Tax competition
87:Non-tax revenue
67:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3367:Prime Minister
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3267:Municipalities
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3103:External links
3101:
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3001:
2989:Spiegel Online
2976:
2949:
2919:
2891:
2874:
2871:on 2008-03-05.
2856:
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2726:
2702:
2676:
2674:yle 16.12.2013
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2547:Spiegel Online
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2383:The Australian
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2197:
2165:
2138:Esterl, Mike;
2125:
2093:
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2088:
2082:
2079:
2038:The newspaper
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1976:Czech Republic
1954:
1951:
1889:
1886:
1872:
1869:
1857:Berenberg Bank
1785:
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1779:Investigations
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1207:Tax Foundation
1204:
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1188:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1179:Gabriel Zucman
1176:
1171:
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1154:Mihir A. Desai
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1017:
1015:Robin Hood tax
1012:
1007:
999:
994:
989:
983:
978:
977:
974:
973:
970:
969:
964:
959:
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952:Excess profits
949:
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899:
894:
889:
884:
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864:
859:
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849:
844:
839:
837:Gross receipts
834:
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817:
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797:
792:
787:
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610:
605:
600:
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590:
588:Offshore Leaks
585:
580:
575:
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568:
553:
552:
551:Major examples
548:
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540:
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530:
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486:Dutch Sandwich
483:
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467:
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451:
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424:Tax resistance
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388:
385:
384:
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328:Taxable income
325:
323:Tax assessment
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215:General Theory
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184:Representation
181:
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59:
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51:
50:
42:
41:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3584:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3567:Tax avoidance
3565:
3563:
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3553:
3550:
3548:
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3527:
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3259:
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3224:
3222:
3219:
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3214:
3212:
3209:
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3199:
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3182:
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3163:
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3159:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3146:Liechtenstein
3140:
3135:
3133:
3128:
3126:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3094:
3087:
3085:
3070:on 2024-05-24
3069:
3065:
3061:
3055:
3040:
3039:The Economist
3036:
3030:
3016:
3012:
3005:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2965:
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2953:
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2901:
2895:
2887:
2886:
2878:
2870:
2866:
2860:
2845:
2843:
2838:
2832:
2818:on 2012-10-21
2817:
2813:
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2800:
2785:
2779:
2764:
2760:
2754:
2739:
2733:
2731:
2715:
2709:
2707:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2668:
2661:
2656:
2650:Yle 19.9.2013
2649:
2644:
2638:yle 18.9.2013
2637:
2632:
2624:
2618:
2604:. Morningstar
2603:
2596:
2582:on 2008-02-23
2581:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2564:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2537:
2521:
2514:
2512:
2496:
2492:
2485:
2471:on 2008-03-05
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2314:
2295:
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2263:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2221:on 2008-03-09
2220:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2204:
2202:
2187:on 2008-02-19
2186:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2169:
2155:
2154:Google Groups
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2029:Angela Merkel
2026:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2010:Liechtenstein
1996:
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1986:
1980:
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1973:
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1947:interest rate
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1923:Bertel Paulig
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1871:United States
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1849:Dresdner Bank
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1712:Liechtenstein
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1325:All Countries
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1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
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1279:Tolerance tax
1277:
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3459:Demographics
3454:Coat of arms
3418:Trade unions
3341:(parliament)
3337:
3325:Human rights
3298:Constitution
3230:
3181:Vaduz Castle
3092:
3072:. Retrieved
3068:the original
3063:
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3041:. 2008-02-22
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2816:the original
2809:
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2778:
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2765:. 2008-02-20
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2718:. Retrieved
2694:. Retrieved
2690:the original
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2662:9.10.2013 A9
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2595:
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2580:the original
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2469:the original
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2391:the original
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2250:. Retrieved
2248:. 2008-02-21
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2219:the original
2212:
2189:. Retrieved
2185:the original
2180:Handelsblatt
2178:
2168:
2157:. Retrieved
2147:
2117:. Retrieved
2113:the original
2106:
2097:
2084:
2081:Tax treaties
2075:Ordre public
2071:
2062:
2039:
2037:
2021:Otmar Hasler
2007:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1956:
1931:
1915:Jaakko Pöyry
1891:
1874:
1865:
1838:
1811:
1809:
1794:
1787:
1769:Swiss francs
1750:Millions of
1749:
1707:
1705:
1579:South Africa
1174:Joel Slemrod
842:Hypothecated
810:Sugary drink
684:Expatriation
577:
563:
481:Double Irish
444:Black market
289:Proportional
238:Laffer curve
223:Price effect
3226:1992 crisis
3211:1918 putsch
2439:(in German)
2245:Der Spiegel
1742:, in 2007.
1716:tax evasion
1594:Switzerland
1559:Philippines
1534:New Zealand
1529:Netherlands
1169:Ronen Palan
907:User charge
726:Value-added
691:Consumption
603:Swiss Leaks
491:Single Malt
429:Tax shelter
419:Tax evasion
378:Tax farming
363:Tax shelter
279:Progressive
243:Optimal tax
144:Tax amnesty
139:Tax holiday
97:Tax bracket
82:Tax revenue
3541:Categories
3408:Healthcare
3357:Neutrality
3171:Werdenberg
3166:Background
3074:2009-04-16
3045:2008-06-03
3020:2008-02-22
2995:2008-02-24
2970:2008-02-24
2963:Netzeitung
2943:2008-02-24
2913:2008-02-24
2850:2008-02-24
2822:2008-05-21
2790:2008-02-26
2769:2020-09-26
2763:Berlingske
2744:2008-03-05
2720:2008-02-26
2696:2008-02-24
2608:2008-02-23
2586:2008-02-24
2554:2008-02-24
2501:2010-04-22
2475:2012-03-22
2443:2008-02-24
2397:2008-02-20
2364:2008-02-20
2333:2008-02-20
2303:2008-02-15
2279:2008-02-20
2252:2008-02-21
2225:2008-02-21
2191:2008-02-21
2159:2008-02-20
2119:2008-02-21
2090:References
2054:indictment
1899:tax havens
1877:Carl Levin
1746:Background
1726:(FATF) on
1504:Kazakhstan
1389:Bangladesh
1384:Azerbaijan
1317:By country
1274:Temple tax
1244:Church tax
1127:ATA Carnet
1112:Free trade
1107:Tariff war
1035:Tax treaty
916:Congestion
857:Land value
748:Eco-tariff
716:Television
672:Solidarity
652:Ad valorem
512:Tax havens
343:Tax shield
338:Tax refund
306:Collection
284:Regressive
159:Tax reform
3469:Languages
3423:Transport
3303:Elections
3262:Mountains
3250:Geography
2358:USA Today
1999:Aftermath
1970:, Italy,
1826:Wuppertal
1773:tax haven
1584:Sri Lanka
1549:Palestine
1509:Lithuania
1474:Indonesia
1459:Hong Kong
1379:Australia
1369:Argentina
1237:Religious
1025:Spahn tax
1020:Tobin tax
872:Pigouvian
790:Cigarette
763:Severance
696:Departure
504:Locations
457:Corporate
439:Smuggling
207:Economics
129:Tax shift
124:Deduction
114:Exemption
3526:Category
3486:Religion
3398:Currency
3352:Monarchy
3286:Politics
3150:articles
2905:Die Welt
2842:Die Welt
2497:. London
2414:Archived
2058:lawsuits
2041:Die Welt
2014:reigning
1834:Interpol
1756:LGT Bank
1604:Tanzania
1569:Portugal
1544:Pakistan
1424:Colombia
1404:Bulgaria
1269:Leibzoll
1146:Academic
1139:Research
957:Windfall
897:Turnover
877:Property
827:Georgist
773:Stumpage
768:Steering
753:Landfill
733:Dividend
657:Aviation
647:Per unit
642:Indirect
333:Tax lien
269:Tax rate
248:Theories
102:Flat tax
65:Policies
39:Taxation
3510:Outline
3437:Culture
3381:Economy
3338:Landtag
3158:History
2526:1 March
2387:Reuters
1964:Finland
1959:British
1888:Finland
1784:Germany
1736:Andorra
1718:in the
1624:Uruguay
1524:Namibia
1519:Morocco
1484:Ireland
1464:Iceland
1449:Germany
1439:Finland
1434:Denmark
1429:Croatia
1374:Armenia
1364:Algeria
1359:Albania
1006:(CCCTB)
867:Payroll
822:General
815:Tobacco
785:Alcohol
721:Tourist
667:Landing
399:General
134:Tax cut
92:Tax law
3491:Sports
3449:Anthem
3403:Energy
3272:Rivers
3148:
2907:Online
2844:Online
2522:. Time
2046:Regent
1968:Greece
1881:UBS AG
1847:bank,
1843:, the
1799:, the
1790:Bochum
1764:trusts
1740:Monaco
1599:Taiwan
1589:Sweden
1574:Russia
1564:Poland
1539:Norway
1489:Israel
1454:Greece
1444:France
1414:Canada
1399:Brazil
1394:Bhutan
1289:Kharaj
1197:(ITEP)
1100:Export
1095:Import
1090:Tariff
1080:Custom
967:Wealth
892:Surtax
887:Single
862:Luxury
847:Income
780:Excise
743:Carbon
637:Direct
524:(OFCs)
477:(BEPS)
189:Unions
119:Credit
3517:Index
3476:Music
3393:Banks
2297:(DOC)
1927:Turku
1905:(see
1752:euros
1514:Malta
1499:Japan
1494:Italy
1469:India
1419:China
1304:Zakat
1299:Nisab
1294:Khums
1284:Jizya
1259:Tithe
1254:Teind
1215:(TJN)
1201:Oxfam
1073:Trade
992:ATTAC
711:Stamp
706:Sales
701:Hotel
630:Types
3464:Flag
3330:LGBT
2528:2023
1991:Time
1917:and
1758:and
1738:and
1706:The
1554:Peru
1479:Iran
1221:(US)
1209:(US)
1203:(UK)
1085:Duty
935:Toll
930:GNSS
926:Road
921:Fuel
832:Gift
800:Meat
496:CAIA
274:Flat
2935:MP3
1911:YIT
1907:UPM
1853:UBS
1803:of
1409:BVI
911:fee
902:Use
805:Sin
795:Fat
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