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assumes a new priesthood, that of the artist". Joyce employs first-person narration for
Stephen's diary entries in the concluding pages of the novel, perhaps to suggest that Stephen has finally found his own voice and no longer needs to absorb the stories of others. Joyce fully employs the free indirect style to demonstrate Stephen's intellectual development from his childhood, through his education, to his increasing independence and ultimate exile from Ireland as a young man. The style of the work progresses through each of its five chapters, as the complexity of language and Stephen's ability to comprehend the world around him both gradually increase. The book's opening pages communicate Stephen's first stirrings of consciousness when he is a child. Throughout the work language is used to describe indirectly the state of mind of the protagonist and the subjective effect of the events of his life.
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696:, Stephen grows increasingly wary of the institutions around him: Church, school, politics and family. In the midst of the disintegration of his family's fortunes his father berates him and his mother urges him to return to the Church. An increasingly dry, humourless Stephen explains his alienation from the Church and the aesthetic theory he has developed to his friends, who find that they cannot accept either of them. Stephen concludes that Ireland is too restrictive to allow him to express himself fully as an artist, so he decides that he will have to leave. He sets his mind on self-imposed exile, but not without declaring in his diary his ties to his homeland:
875:, and its product, the body and blood of Christ under the appearances of bread and wine. It is the Church's central sacrament. Stephen uses it to dramatize his apostasy. He refuses to take communion during Easter time, every Catholic's duty, to show he is a Catholic no longer. He notes that the Eucharist is "a symbol behind which are massed twenty centuries of authority and veneration". Stephen parallels the literary artist with the Catholic priest and literary art with the Eucharist, both the act and the product. He sees himself as "The priest of eternal imagination transmuting the daily bread of experience into the radiant body of everliving life."
685:(death, judgement, Hell, and Heaven). He feels that the words of the sermon, describing horrific eternal punishment in hell, are directed at himself and, overwhelmed, comes to desire forgiveness. Overjoyed at his return to the Church, he devotes himself to acts of ascetic repentance, though they soon devolve to mere acts of routine, as his thoughts turn elsewhere. His devotion comes to the attention of the Jesuits, and they encourage him to consider entering the priesthood. Stephen takes time to consider, but has a crisis of faith because of the conflict between his spiritual beliefs and his aesthetic ambitions. Along
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477:, a change that reflects the moving of the narrative centre of consciousness firmly and uniquely onto Stephen. Persons and events take their significance from Stephen, and are perceived from his point of view. Characters and places are no longer mentioned simply because the young Joyce had known them. Salient details are carefully chosen and fitted into the aesthetic pattern of the novel.
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version of the arc of
Dedalus' entire life, as he continues to grow and form his identity. Stephen's growth as an individual character is important because through him Joyce laments Irish society's tendency to force individuals to conform to types, which some say marks Stephen as a modernist character. Themes that run through Joyce's later novels find expression there.
649:, which drive wedges between members of his family, leaving Stephen with doubts over which social institutions he can place his faith in. Back at Clongowes, word spreads that a number of older boys have been caught "smugging" (the term refers to the secret homosexual horseplay that five students were caught at); discipline is tightened, and the Jesuits increase use of
329:), where he taught English. In March 1905, Joyce was transferred to the Berlitz School In Trieste, presumably because of threats of spies in Austria. There Nora gave birth to their children, Giorgo in 1905 and Lucia in 1907, and Joyce wrote fiction, signing some of his early essays and stories "Stephen Daedalus". The short stories he wrote made up the collection
576:. Growing up, Stephen goes through long phases of hedonism and deep religiosity. He eventually adopts a philosophy of aestheticism, greatly valuing beauty and art. Stephen is essentially Joyce's alter ego, and many of the events of Stephen's life mirror events from Joyce's own youth. His surname is taken from the ancient Greek mythical figure
893:. According to Ivan Canadas, the epigraph may parallel the heights and depths that end and begin each chapter, and can be seen to proclaim the interpretive freedom of the text. Stephen's surname being connected to Daedalus may also call to mind the theme of going against the status quo, as Daedalus defies the King of Crete.
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characterizations. But he found the novel "too discursive, formless, unrestrained, and ugly things, ugly words, are too prominent". He concluded that the "author shows us he has art, strength and originality", but needed "to shape more carefully as the product of the craftsmanship, mind and imagination of an artist".
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used Lewis's criticism to formulate what he called the Uncle
Charles Principle. "Repaired" and "brushed scrupulously" are words Uncle Charles himself would use to describe what he was doing. Kenner argued, "This is apparently new in fiction, the normally neutral narrative vocabulary invaded by little
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Cranly – Stephen's best friend at university, in whom he confides some of his thoughts and feelings. In this sense Cranly represents a secular confessor for
Stephen. Eventually Cranly begins to encourage Stephen to conform to the wishes of his family and to try harder to fit in with his peers, advice
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has been characterized as a radical, uncompromising act of refinement: “the original elements of Joyce’s first novel, particularly the characters, are subjected to a process of compression and distillation that rejects all irrelevancies, all particularities and ambiguities, and leaves only their pure
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needed to undergo extensive revision, especially at the beginning and the end. The public would call the book "as it stands at present, realistic, unprepossessing, unattractive". He said it was "ably written" and "arouse interest and attention", and he approved of the rendering of the period and the
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for
Stephen Dedalus's aesthetic theory. It's been argued that the theory also draws upon Catholicism's central doctrines in each of its two parts: the first concerned with the artist's intellect, the second with his imagination. Catholic theology distinguishes between God's activity in eternity, His
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that drew upon Joyce's manuscript, list of corrections, and marginal corrections to proof sheets. This edition is "Widely regarded as reputable and the 'standard' edition." As of 2004, the fourth printing of the
Everyman's Library edition, the Bedford edition, and the Oxford World's Classics edition
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Born into a middle-class family in Dublin, Ireland, James Joyce (1882–1941) excelled as a student, graduating from
University College, Dublin, in 1902. He moved to Paris to study medicine, but soon gave it up. He returned to Ireland at his family's request as his mother was dying of cancer. Despite
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As a narrative which depicts a character throughout his formative years, M. Angeles Conde-Parrilla posits that identity is possibly the most prevalent theme in the novel. Towards the beginning of the novel, Joyce depicts the young
Stephen's growing consciousness, which is said to be a condensed
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theology of Thomas
Aquinas that most determines the complex aesthetics that Stephen expounds. Although his faith is replaced by scrupulous doubt, Stephen retains an insistent Jesuit authoritarianism in his arguments about definitions of beauty. As the latter stages of the story affirm, Stephen
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The childhood of
Stephen Dedalus is recounted using vocabulary that changes as he grows, in a voice not his own but sensitive to his feelings. The reader experiences Stephen's fears and bewilderment as he comes to terms with the world in a series of disjointed episodes. Stephen attends the
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As Stephen transitions into adulthood, he leaves behind his Catholic religious identity, which is closely tied to the national identity of Ireland. His rejection of this dual identity is also a rejection of constraint and an embrace of freedom in identity. Furthermore, the references to
645:, where the apprehensive, intellectually gifted boy suffers the ridicule of his classmates while he learns the schoolboy codes of behaviour. While he cannot grasp their significance, at a Christmas dinner he is witness to the social, political and religious tensions in Ireland involving
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that Stephen fiercely resents. Towards the conclusion of the novel he bears witness to Stephen's exposition of his aesthetic philosophy. It is partly due to Cranly that Stephen decides to leave, after witnessing Cranly's budding (and reciprocated) romantic interest in Emma.
597:– An Irish political leader who is not an actual character in the novel, but whose death influences many of its characters. Parnell had powerfully led the Irish Parliamentary Party until he was driven out of public life after his affair with a married woman was exposed.
906:, which was the marked speech patterns of the Irish rural and lower-class. However, he is also heavily concerned with his country's future and understands himself as an Irishman, which then leads him to question how much of his identity is tied up in said nationalism.
1020:) an imaginative grasp of evil. But he undermines the universe in too work-manlike a manner, looking round for this tool or that: in spite of all his internal looseness he is too tight, he is never vague except after due deliberation; it is talk, talk, never song."
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refused to make confession or take communion, and when she passed into a coma they refused to kneel and pray for her. After a stretch of failed attempts to get published and launch his own newspaper, Joyce then took jobs teaching, singing and reviewing books.
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there is no omission; there is nothing in life so beautiful that Joyce cannot touch it without profanation—without, above all, the profanations of sentiment and sentimentality—and there is nothing so sordid that he cannot treat it with metallic exactitude."
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A friend of Stephen's from university. Davin is a countryman, with a simple but solid character. Stephen appreciates him for his athletic abilities, but does not share his blind faith in the Irish patriotic cause, into which his friend tries to convert
420:. At 914 manuscript pages, Joyce considered the book about half-finished, having completed 25 of its 63 intended chapters. In September 1907, however, he abandoned it, and began a complete revision of the text and its structure, producing what became
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Stephen's father gets into debt and the family leaves its pleasant suburban home to live in Dublin. Stephen realises that he will not return to Clongowes. However, thanks to a scholarship obtained for him by Father Conmee, Stephen is able to attend
934:—and then uses the Creation to model the artist's act of (re)embodiment. In his reveries later, Stephen completes his aesthetic theory by also likening the artist to God at the Incarnation and, in the person of His priest, at the Consecration.
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Simon Dedalus – Stephen's father, an impoverished former medical student with a strong sense of Irish nationalism. Sentimental about his past, Simon Dedalus frequently reminisces about his youth. Loosely based on Joyce's own father and their
1063:, arguing that he "does not become an artist at all... but an aesthete" and "to take him seriously is very hard indeed". Kenner lamented, "t is painful to be invited to close the book with an indigestibly Byronic hero stuck in our throats."
217:'s consummate craftsman. Stephen questions and rebels against the Catholic and Irish conventions under which he has grown, culminating in his self-exile from Ireland to Europe. The work uses techniques that Joyce developed more fully in
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are in a collaboration to create the multimedia version of this work, by charting the social networks of characters in the novel. Animations in the multimedia editions express the relation of every character in the chapter to the others.
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standards: "Apart from Mr. Joyce's realism... apart from, or a piece with, all this is style, the actual writing: hard clear-cut, with no waste of words, no bungling up of useless phrases, no filling in with pages of slosh."
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with minimal dialogue until the final chapter. This chapter includes dialogue-intensive scenes alternately involving Stephen, Davin and Cranly. An example of such a scene is the one in which Stephen posits his complex
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A publisher rejected in 1916 for being "discursive, formless, unrestrained" and needing to be "pulled into shape". It had cost Joyce years of effort to pull it out of the shape in which the unfinished first version
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Stephen's struggle to find identity in the novel parallels the Irish struggle for independence during the early twentieth century. He rejects any outright nationalism, and is often prejudiced toward those that use
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throughout the novel conjure up something demonic in Stephen renouncing his Catholic faith. When Stephen stoutly refuses to serve his Easter duty later in the novel, his tone mirrors characters like Faust and
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Emma Clery – Stephen's beloved, the young girl to whom he is fiercely attracted over the course of many years. Stephen constructs Emma as an ideal of femininity, even though (or because) he does not know her
33:
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773:'s three criteria of beauty, wholeness, harmony, and radiance: when the object "seems to us radiant, achieves its epiphany". The term isn't used when Stephen Dedalus explains his aesthetic theory in
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As Stephen abandons himself to sensual pleasures, his class is taken on a religious retreat, where the boys sit through sermons. Stephen pays special attention to those on pride, guilt, punishment and the
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The following year Pound wrote, " has his scope beyond that of the novelists his contemporaries, in just so far as whole stretches of his keyboard are utterly outside of their compass." He continued, "
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The writing style is notable also for Joyce's omission of quotation marks: he indicates dialogue by beginning a paragraph with a dash, as is commonly used in French, Spanish or Russian publications.
665:, where he excels academically and becomes a class leader. Stephen squanders a large cash prize from school, and begins to see prostitutes, as distance grows between him and his drunken father.
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Once upon a time and a very good time it was there was a moocow coming down along the road and this moocow that was coming down along the road met a nicens little boy named baby tuckoo ...
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In 1963 S. L. Goldberg took issue with Kenner's negative appraisal of Stephen, conceding that "Mr. Kenner is certainly right in pointing to the irony with which Joyce views him in both the
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653:. Stephen is strapped when one of his instructors believes he has broken his glasses to avoid studying, but, prodded by his classmates, Stephen works up the courage to complain to the
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takes place. Almost immediately, Joyce and Nora were infatuated with each other and they bonded over their shared disapproval of Ireland and the Church. Nora and Joyce eloped to
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was also critical of Stephen Dedalus, saying "he never sees himself entirely". Tindall regretted Stephen's "failure to realize himself", adding that "this is attended to in
410:. He worked on the book until mid-1905 and brought the manuscript with him when he moved to Trieste that year. Though his main attention turned to the stories that made up
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clouds of idioms which a character might use if he were managing the narrative. In Joyce's various extensions of this device we have one clue to the manifold styles of
428:, one of his language students, as an exercise. Schmitz, himself a respected writer, was impressed and with his encouragement Joyce continued to work on the book.
400:, rejected it, telling Joyce, "I can't print what I can't understand." On his 22nd birthday, 2 February 1904, Joyce began a realist autobiographical novel,
930:. Stephen uses Aquinas's application of the three criteria of beauty to the Son of God in eternity to model the artist's act of understanding—"epiphany" in
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in 1907 and set to reworking its themes and protagonist into a condensed five-chapter novel, dispensing with strict realism and making extensive use of
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wrote that Joyce "recognized his theme, the portrait of the renegade Catholic artist as hero". Critics have examined his debt to the Church theologian
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At the request of its editors, Joyce submitted a work of philosophical fiction entitled "A Portrait of the Artist" to the Irish literary magazine
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700:... I go to encounter for the millionth time the reality of experience and to forge in the smithy of my soul the uncreated conscience of my race.
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There was difficulty finding a British publisher for the finished novel, so Pound arranged for its publication by an American publishing house,
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has noted that other critics have applied the three forms differently, some finding all Joyce's works dramatic, one finding all three forms in
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he spots a girl wading, and has an epiphany in which he is overcome with the desire to find a way to express her beauty in his writing.
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Conde-Parrilla, M Angeles. “Hiberno-English and Identity in Joyce’s A Portrait.” Language & Literature. 22.1 (2013): 102. Print.
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has parallels in the structure of the novel, and gives Stephen his surname, as well as the epigraph containing a quote from Ovid's
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Stephen Dedalus's aesthetic theory identifies three forms of literary art: lyric, epic, and dramatic. The Canadian scholar
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wrote that "one believes in Stephen Dedalus as one believes in few characters in fiction", while warning readers of Joyce's "
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540:, which issued it on 29 December 1916. The Egoist Press republished it in the United Kingdom on 12 February 1917 and
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2338:"A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man: James Joyce, the Myth of Icarus, and the Influence of Christopher Marlowe"
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The Ordeal of Stephen Dedalus: The Conflict of Generations in James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
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2557:. Lewisburg, London and Toronto: Bucknell University Press, Associated University Presses. pp. 19–20, 50–51.
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2683:"At Last the Novel Appears." Pound/Joyce; the letters of Ezra Pound to James Joyce, with Pound's essays on Joyce
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to Pound, who was so taken with it that he pressed to have the work serialised in the London literary magazine
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Joyce recycled the two earlier attempts at explaining his aesthetics and youth, "A Portrait of the Artist" and
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Twentieth Century Interpretations of A Portrait of the Artists as a Young Man: A Collection of Critical Essays
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for the first time walking along Nassau Street. Their first date was on June 16, the same date that his novel
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Mary Dedalus – Stephen's mother who is very religious and often argues with Stephen about attending services.
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Pathologies of Desire: The Vicissitudes of the Self in James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
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657:, Father Conmee, who assures him there will be no such recurrence, leaving Stephen with a sense of triumph.
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The Woman in the Portrait: The Transforming Female in James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
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Dante (Mrs. Riordan) – The governess of the Dedalus children. She is very intense and a dedicated Catholic.
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The Workshop of Daedalus: James Joyce and the Raw Materials for "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.
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introduce many of the novel's key motifs, and have been shown to "enact the entire action in microcosm".
241:—a projected 63-chapter autobiographical novel in a realistic style. After 25 chapters, Joyce abandoned
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that "in at least three instances an epiphany helps Stephen decide on the future courses of this life".
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and captures the essence of character growth and understanding of the world around him. The novel mixes
335:(1914), which took about eight years to be published due to its controversial nature. While waiting for
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The Workshop of Daedalus: James Joyce and the Raw Materials for A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
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Brockman, William S. (June 2004). ""A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" in the Public Domain".
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824:"with more justification from the text perhaps". Tindall has speculated on how they might apply to
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Conde-Parrilla, M Ángeles (February 2013). "Hiberno-English and identity in Joyce's A Portrait".
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that allows the reader to peer into Stephen's developing consciousness. American modernist poet
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He was baby tuckoo. The moocow came down the road where Betty Byrne lived: she sold lemon platt.
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His father told him that story: his father looked at him through a glass: he had a hairy face.
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A later version of Kenner's 1948 essay appeared in his first book on Joyce published in 1955.
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plays Father Arnall, the priest whose lengthy sermon on Hell terrifies the teenage Stephen.
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begetting of the Son, the Word, and His activity in time: the Creation (soul and body), the
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Joyce & Jung: The "Four Stages of Eroticism" in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
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In 1911, Joyce flew into a fit of rage over the continued refusals by publishers to print
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2639:(Rev ed.). Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 13.
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into the fire. It was saved by a "family fire brigade" including his sister Eileen.
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Pound/Joyce; the Letters of Ezra Pound to James Joyce: With Pound's Essays on Joyce
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777:. Joyce critics, however, have used it freely when discussing the novel as well as
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informs the reader as Stephen sets out to write "some pages of sorry verse", while
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is written from the point of view of an omniscient third-person narrator, but in
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Reframing A Portrait of the Artist: Joyce and the Phenomenological Imagination
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Our Exagmination Round His Factification for Incamination of Work in Progress
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Güneş, Ali. "Crisis of Identity in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man".
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Kenner, writing in 1948, was critical of Stephen Dedalus, the protagonist of
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aesthetic theory in an extended dialogue. According to Sanders, "… it is the
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Critical Companion to James Joyce: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work
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Lynch – Stephen's friend from university who has a rather dry personality.
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Critical Essays on James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
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in twenty-five installments from 2 February 1914 to 1 September 1915.
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Conde-Parrilla, M. Angeles. "Hiberno-English and Identity in Joyce's
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obsession", his insistence on the portrayal of bodily functions that
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won Joyce a reputation for his literary skills, as well as a patron,
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gives only Stephen's attempts, leaving the evaluation to the reader.
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The Antimodernism of Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3079:"Composition and publishing history of the major works: an overview"
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In 1916, in his reader's report to Duckworth & Co., Publishers,
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273:(1914) earned Joyce a place at the forefront of literary modernism.
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A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man:Text, Criticism, and Notes.
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style, it traces the religious and intellectual awakening of young
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James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man: A Casebook
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James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man: A Casebook
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The first stage version was produced by Léonie Scott-Matthews at
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Electronic Journal of the Spanish Association for Irish Studies
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released a "copy text" edition by Hans Walter Gabler in 1993.
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Kenner, Hugh (Summer 1948). "The 'Portrait' in Perspective".
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to be published, Joyce reworked the core themes of the novel
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Portraits of an Artist: A Casebook on James Joyce's Portrait
2422:". Language & Literature. 22.1 (2013): 102. Print. pp. 2
1027:
criticized Joyce's diction in a sentence from chapter 2 of
529:. Joyce hurried to complete the novel, and it appeared in
463:; they all came together in five carefully paced chapters.
369:
343:
he had begun in Ireland in 1904 and abandoned in 1907 into
3032:
Fargnoli, A. Nicholas; Gillespie, Michael Patrick (2006).
2362:
1382:
1380:
1147:
As of 2017 computer scientists and literature scholars at
253:
had the novel serialised in the English literary magazine
144:
3386:
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man: Voices of the Text
2309:
Online Journal of the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
1753:
1564:"A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man: Character List"
1172:
The story is sometimes erroneously repeated as involving
3056:
The Classical Temper: A Study of James Joyce's "Ulysses"
2899:
The Classical Temper: A Study of James Joyce's "Ulysses"
1998:
The Classical Temper: A Study of James Joyce's "Ulysses"
1242:. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 219.
1184:
in 1935, and was included in Herbert Gorman's biography
1103:
adapted for the screen by Judith Rascoe and directed by
209:, Joyce's fictional alter ego, whose surname alludes to
3136:
2922:"A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man - Pentameters"
1503:
1501:
1377:
4177:
Hamlet and the New Poetic: James Joyce and T. S. Eliot
3493:
James Joyce: His Way of Interpreting the Modern World.
3462:. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1976.
2661:
1776:. New York: Oxford University Press Inc. p. 539.
4344:
Works originally published in The Egoist (periodical)
3445:
James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3289:
James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
2590:
2578:
2381:
1424:
Introduction. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
1390:
Introduction. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
259:
in 1914 and 1915, and published as a book in 1916 by
3425:. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1965.
3122:. Oxford world's classics. Oxford University Press.
1522:
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America
1498:
3366:. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2000.
1180:. The error was first publicised by Joyce's patron
3403:. Champaign, IL: Common Ground Publishing, 2015.
3379:Word Index to James Joyce's Portrait of the Artist
2400:
1043:his back hair and brushed and put on his tall hat.
1039:to his outhouse but not before he had greased and
987:wrote, "James Joyce produces the nearest thing to
452:, a book of Joyce's poems, was published in 1907.
3031:
2959:"A Digital Portrayal of James Joyce's 'Portrait'"
1747:
1735:
1723:
1711:
1699:
1687:
1675:
1663:
1651:
1639:
1627:
1615:
1486:
1365:
1359:
1330:
1318:
1306:
1262:
4285:
3414:Morris, William E. and Clifford A. Nault, eds.
2614:. London: Faber and Faber. 1966. pp. 371–72
1341:
1339:
672:Stephen Dedalus has an aesthetic epiphany along
3197:" Northwestern University Press, 1965. pp 56-68
38:Front cover of the first edition, published by
3017:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 47–62.
2852:. London: Chatto & Windus. pp. 109–33
2520:"Thomist Joyce." Joyce, Aristotle, and Aquinas
2431:
1799:
1774:The Short Oxford History of English Literature
763:Joyce introduced the concept of "epiphany" in
580:, who also engaged in a struggle for autonomy.
21:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (film)
3620:
3458:Staley, Thomas F. and Bernard Benstock, ed.
2945:Irish Playography, Stephen D by Hugh Leonard
1336:
293:her pleas, the impious Joyce and his brother
3517:. 2nd edition. New York: Peter Lang, 2022.
3351:. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1971.
3064:Hendry, Irene (1946). "Joyce's Epiphanies".
2902:. London: Chatto and Windus. pp. 109–10
2789:. University of California Press. p. 17
2516:
2168:. London: Thames and Hudson. pp. passim
2001:. London: Chatto and Windus. pp. passim
1976:. London: Thames and Hudson. pp. passim
3336:. San Bernardino, CA: Borgo Press, 1997.
1850:. London: Thames and Hudson. pp. 86–93
1393:. Oxford University Press. pp. xviii.
544:took over its publication in 1924. In 1964
364:("And he turned his mind to unknown arts.")
357:
3627:
3613:
3502:. Oxford and New York: Oxford UP, 2003.
3460:Approaches to Joyce's Portrait: Ten Essays
3421:Scholes, Robert and Richard M. Kain, eds.
3381:. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1967.
3245:
2392:sfn error: no target: CITEREFLercaro1959 (
2373:sfn error: no target: CITEREFLercaro1959 (
2102:. New York: B. W. Huebsch. pp. 251–52
1814:
1427:. Oxford University Press. pp. xvii.
1126:in 2012 using an adaptation by Tom Neill.
32:
3302:Brady, Philip and James F. Carens, eds.
3222:
3015:The Cambridge Introduction to James Joyce
2994:. Wordsworth Editions. pp. i–xxxii.
2667:
2353:
2320:
1817:"A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"
301:Joyce made his first attempt at a novel,
4006:United States v. One Book Called Ulysses
3447:. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992.
3052:
2983:
2895:
2764:. London: Chatto and Windus. p. 126
2303:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.
1994:
1759:
1519:
1035:Every morning, therefore, uncle Charles
667:
430:
379:
280:
27:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3930:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3658:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3598:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3578:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3552:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3538:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3495:New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1950
3120:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
3113:
3076:
2991:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
2877:. London: Thames and Hudson. p. 50
2870:
2729:
2466:
2387:
2368:
2335:
2161:
2099:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
1969:
1843:
1771:
1603:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
1507:
1420:
1386:
1138:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
1006:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
993:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
962:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
630:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
574:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
548:issued a corrected version overseen by
422:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
374:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
184:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
4286:
3271:The Cambridge Companion to James Joyce
3146:
3063:
3008:
2845:
2807:
2782:
2711:. London: Faber and Faber. p. 412
2708:"Joyce." Literary Essays of Ezra Pound
2632:
2491:
2246:
2195:
2120:
2057:
2019:
1931:
1868:
1454:
1237:
1016:wrote, " has shown (especially in the
492:
4334:Novels first published in serial form
3608:
3477:. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse UP, 1994.
2757:
2704:
2679:
2283:
2281:
2095:
1906:
1600:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1274:
937:
509:, who was assembling an anthology of
3273:, 2nd edition, Cambridge UP, 2004.
3169:
2596:
2584:
2550:
2406:
2298:
1913:. London: Jonathan Cape. p. 216
1492:
1371:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
991:prose that we now have in English."
960:wrote that, to make it publishable,
736:The novel is written primarily as a
359:Et ignotas animum dimittit in artes.
3563:Digitized copy of the first edition
3291:. New York: Chelsea House, 1988.
3200:
1824:Cambridge Introduction to Modernism
878:
560:
13:
3208:. Syracuse University Press.1995.
2301:"Religion and Identity in Joyce's
2278:
1581:
1107:was released in 1977. It features
305:, in early 1904. That June he saw
19:For the 1977 film adaptation, see
14:
4355:
3530:
2739:. New York: Harcourt. p. 199
1212:
896:
321:before settling for ten years in
263:of New York. The publication of
4213:A Skeleton Key to Finnegans Wake
3571:
3321:. New York: Peter Lang, 2008.
3306:. New York: G. K. Hall, 1998.
2611:Letters of James Joyce Volume II
4309:Irish novels adapted into films
3634:
3206:A Reader's Guide to James Joyce
2951:
2939:
2914:
2889:
2874:A Reader's Guide to James Joyce
2864:
2839:
2810:"The 'Portrait' in Perspective"
2801:
2776:
2751:
2723:
2698:
2673:
2626:
2602:
2544:
2523:. University Press of Florida.
2510:
2485:
2470:A Reader's Guide to James Joyce
2460:
2425:
2412:
2329:
2292:
2249:"The 'Portrait' in Perspective"
2240:
2227:
2198:"The 'Portrait' in Perspective"
2189:
2180:
2165:A Reader's Guide to James Joyce
2123:"The "Portrait" in Perspective"
2114:
2089:
2051:
2013:
1988:
1973:A Reader's Guide to James Joyce
1963:
1934:"The 'Portrait' in Perspective"
1925:
1900:
1871:"The 'Portrait' in Perspective"
1862:
1847:A Reader's Guide to James Joyce
1837:
1808:
1790:
1765:
1556:
1513:
1448:
1414:
1278:"A Portrait of the Artist" 1904
1191:
267:and the short story collection
3432:. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1968.
3157:(3). Kenyon College: 361–381.
2976:
2871:Tindall, William York (1959).
2467:Tindall, William York (1959).
2348:. Estudios Irlandeses: 16–22.
2162:Tindall, William York (1959).
1970:Tindall, William York (1959).
1844:Tindall, William York (1959).
1605:. New York, NY: B. W. Huebsch.
1268:
1166:
1095:
350:
1:
4304:Irish autobiographical novels
4052:Zürich James Joyce Foundation
3764:Ivy Day in the Committee Room
3176:. New Directions Publishing.
2984:Belanger, Jacqueline (2001).
1748:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1736:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1724:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1712:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1700:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1688:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1676:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1664:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1652:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1640:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1628:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1616:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1360:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1331:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1319:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1307:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1263:Fargnoli & Gillespie 2006
1205:
1176:and Joyce's common-law wife,
926:—the Word made flesh—and the
909:
416:, Joyce continued to work on
276:
4037:Museum of Literature Ireland
4032:James Joyce Tower and Museum
3143:. Chatto & Windus, 1955.
3059:. London: Chatto and Windus.
2808:Kenner, Hugh (Summer 1948).
2247:Kenner, Hugh (Summer 1948).
2196:Kenner, Hugh (Summer 1948).
2121:Kenner, Hugh (Summer 1948).
1932:Kenner, Hugh (Summer 1948).
1869:Kenner, Hugh (Summer 1948).
1275:Joyce, James (21 May 1965).
1240:James Joyce: A New Biography
867:" refers both to the act of
442:and threw the manuscript of
7:
4339:Novels set in Dublin (city)
3581:public domain audiobook at
3418:. New York: Odyssey, 1962.
3229:. Oxford University Press.
3223:Wollaeger, Mark A. (2003).
3170:Read, Forrest, ed. (1967).
845:
836:
769:to preface a discussion of
611:
10:
4360:
3388:. Boston: Twayne, 1989.
3252:Anderson, Chester G., ed.
3093:Cambridge University Press
2554:"Ulysses" nd the Irish God
2551:Lang, Frederick K (1993).
2235:Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi
1534:10.1086/pbsa.98.2.24295781
1081:seem preliminary sketch."
949:, the business manager of
820:, another finding them in
694:University College, Dublin
18:
4222:
4166:
4060:
3980:
3905:
3856:
3829:
3810:
3684:
3649:
3642:
3498:Wollaeger, Mark A., ed.
3428:Schutte, William M., ed.
3193:and Richard M. Kain eds.
1149:University College Dublin
980:had banished from print.
831:
167:
154:
142:
130:
122:
114:
104:
96:
81:
65:
57:
47:
31:
16:1916 novel by James Joyce
4088:Francisco García Tortosa
3696:(1914, written 1904–07)
3077:Herbert, Stacey (2009).
3053:Goldberg, S. L. (1963).
2896:Goldberg, S. L. (1963).
2446:10.1177/0963947012469750
2322:10.21533/epiphany.v1i1.3
2299:Akca, Catherine (2008).
1995:Goldberg, S. L. (1963).
1772:Sanders, Andrew (1994).
1159:
928:Consecration in the Mass
704:
628:James Joyce, Opening to
572:– The main character of
195:, published in 1916. A
3384:Harkness, Marguerite.
3246:Further reading (Books)
3038:. Infobase Publishing.
2758:Lewis, Wyndham (1927).
2730:Forster, E. M. (1927).
2517:O'Rourke, Fran (2022).
2434:Language and Literature
1238:Bowker, Gordan (2011).
1111:as Stephen Dedalus and
860:in its rebelliousness.
756:The first two pages of
647:Charles Stewart Parnell
595:Charles Stewart Parnell
4246:John Stanislaus Joyce
3970:Waywords and Meansigns
3954:James Joyce's The Dead
3883:The Cats of Copenhagen
3601:at the British Library
3364:Joyce's Comic Portrait
3114:Johnson, Jeri (2000).
3088:James Joyce in Context
2336:Cañadas, Ivan (2006).
2058:Hendry, Irene (1946).
2020:Hendry, Irene (1946).
1455:Hendry, Irene (1946).
1421:Johnson, Jeri (2000).
1387:Johnson, Jeri (2000).
1045:
1018:Portrait of the Artist
738:third-person narrative
715:third-person narrative
702:
677:
643:Clongowes Wood College
634:
435:
385:
378:
358:
289:
235:began life in 1904 as
90:Clongowes Wood College
4329:Novels by James Joyce
4192:James Joyce Quarterly
4158:Ernst von Glasersfeld
3489:Tindall, William York
3332:Empric, Julienne H.
3202:Tindall, William York
3009:Bulson, Eric (2006).
2948:retrieved 7 July 2013
2846:Kenner, Hugh (1955).
2783:Kenner, Hugh (1978).
2633:Kenner, Hugh (1987).
2492:Kenner, Hugh (1955).
2096:Joyce, James (1916).
1907:Joyce, James (1944).
1601:Joyce, James (1916).
1033:
808: epic, and
698:
671:
615:
434:
383:
354:
284:
4324:Novels about writers
4262:Stephen James Joyce
4148:William York Tindall
4128:C. George Sandulescu
4083:Alan Warren Friedman
3914:Ulysses in Nighttown
3347:Epstein, Edmund L.
2926:London Theatre Guide
2761:Time and Western Man
2733:Aspects of the Novel
2705:Pound, Ezra (1935).
2680:Pound, Ezra (1965).
2656:, had implicated it.
2355:10.24162/EI2006-1247
2060:"Joyce's Epiphanies"
2022:"Joyce's Epiphanies"
1457:"Joyce's Epiphanies"
1136:is an adaptation of
1071:William York Tindall
1041:brushed scrupulously
814:William York Tindall
719:free indirect speech
480:The transition from
247:free indirect speech
4270:Mary Gertrude Joyce
4153:José María Valverde
4123:William H. Quillian
4047:Volta Cinematograph
3993:Obscenity trial of
3988:Harriet Shaw Weaver
3473:Thornton, Weldon.
3399:McLaren, Stephen.
3362:Gottfried, Roy K.
2371:, pp. 104–105.
1738:, pp. 142–143.
1714:, pp. 141–142.
1678:, pp. 139–140.
1654:, pp. 138–139.
1321:, pp. 134–135.
1265:, pp. 136–137.
1124:Pentameters Theatre
1047:Fifty years later,
947:Harriet Shaw Weaver
885:Daedalus and Icarus
723:omniscient narrator
651:corporal punishment
493:Publication history
475:free indirect style
392:on 7 January 1904.
384:James Joyce in 1915
317:, first staying in
28:
4027:James Joyce Centre
3736:The Boarding House
3513:Yoshida, Hiromi.
3377:Hancock, Leslie.
3317:Doherty, Gerald.
3066:The Sewanee Review
2064:The Sewanee Review
2026:The Sewanee Review
1461:The Sewanee Review
1115:as Simon Dedalus.
978:Victorian morality
938:Critical reception
873:transubstantiation
804:being lyric,
678:
505:by James Joyce to
436:
386:
315:continental Europe
290:
26:
4294:1916 debut novels
4281:
4280:
4273:
4265:
4257:
4254:Stanislaus Joyce
4249:
4241:
4233:
4022:James Joyce Award
3999:The Little Review
3972:(2015–2017 audio)
3901:
3900:
3557:Project Gutenberg
3523:978-1-43-318028-6
3508:978-0-19-515075-9
3483:978-0-8156-2587-2
3468:978-0-82-293331-1
3453:978-0-312-08426-4
3438:978-0-136-86147-8
3409:978-1-6122-9540-4
3394:978-0-8057-8125-0
3372:978-0-8130-1782-2
3357:978-0-8093-0485-1
3342:978-0-89370-193-2
3327:978-0-8204-9735-8
3312:978-0-7838-0035-6
3236:978-0-19-515076-6
3215:978-0-8156-0320-7
3183:978-0-8112-0159-9
3150:The Kenyon Review
3129:978-0-19-283998-5
3106:978-0-521-88662-8
3045:978-1-4381-0848-3
3024:978-0-521-84037-8
3001:978-1-85326-006-3
2814:The Kenyon Review
2646:978-0-8018-3384-7
2599:, pp. 57–58.
2587:, pp. 51–54.
2498:. pp. 134–57
2473:. pp. 94–100
2253:The Kenyon Review
2202:The Kenyon Review
2127:The Kenyon Review
1938:The Kenyon Review
1875:The Kenyon Review
1249:978-0-374-17872-7
1069:Writing in 1959,
863:In Catholicism, "
687:Dollymount Strand
674:Dollymount Strand
663:Belvedere College
473:Joyce adopts the
180:
179:
4351:
4319:Modernist novels
4271:
4263:
4255:
4247:
4239:
4231:
4098:Adaline Glasheen
3940:(1982 broadcast)
3647:
3646:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3606:
3605:
3575:
3574:
3567:Internet Archive
3559:
3240:
3219:
3187:
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3110:
3073:
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2696:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2686:. New Directions
2677:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2658:
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2624:
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2606:
2600:
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2237:, 2002/6, 37-49.
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2178:
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2048:
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2017:
2011:
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1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1821:
1815:Pericles Lewis.
1812:
1806:
1805:Bulson (2006:50)
1803:
1797:
1796:Bulson (2006:51)
1794:
1788:
1787:
1769:
1763:
1762:, p. xviii.
1757:
1751:
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1345:Bulson (2006:47)
1343:
1334:
1328:
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1316:
1310:
1304:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1281:. pp. 60–74
1272:
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1254:
1253:
1235:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1170:
970:H. G. Wells
879:Myth of Daedalus
812: dramatic.
692:As a student at
683:Four Last Things
632:
561:Major characters
553:used this text.
550:Chester Anderson
376:
361:
191:of Irish writer
168:Followed by
155:Preceded by
146:
100:29 December 1916
36:
29:
25:
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4078:Richard Ellmann
4068:Anthony Burgess
4056:
3976:
3897:
3858:
3852:
3825:
3806:
3680:
3638:
3633:
3572:
3549:
3543:Standard Ebooks
3533:
3528:
3267:Attridge, Derek
3256:Penguin, 1968.
3248:
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3191:Scholes, Robert
3184:
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2014:
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915:Richard Ellmann
912:
904:Hiberno-English
899:
881:
848:
839:
834:
725:of the earlier
709:The novel is a
707:
633:
627:
614:
570:Stephen Dedalus
563:
513:verse entitled
495:
377:
368:
363:
353:
327:Austria-Hungary
279:
215:Greek mythology
207:Stephen Dedalus
135:
118:Print: hardback
115:Media type
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24:
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12:
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5:
4357:
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4230:Nora Barnacle
4226:
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4103:Michael Groden
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4093:Stuart Gilbert
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3956:(1999 musical)
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3785:A Little Cloud
3781:
3774:
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3757:A Painful Case
3753:
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3725:
3718:
3715:After the Race
3711:
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3674:Finnegans Wake
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3531:External links
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3443:Seed, David.
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3141:Dublin's Joyce
3134:
3128:
3116:"Introduction"
3111:
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2986:"Introduction"
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2849:Dublin's Joyce
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2786:Joyce's Voices
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2668:Wollaeger 2003
2660:
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2530:978-0813072234
2529:
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1944:(3): 361–381.
1924:
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1881:(3): 361–365.
1861:
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1807:
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1764:
1752:
1750:, p. 143.
1740:
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1726:, p. 142.
1716:
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1702:, p. 141.
1692:
1690:, p. 140.
1680:
1668:
1666:, p. 139.
1656:
1644:
1642:, p. 138.
1632:
1630:, p. 136.
1620:
1618:, p. 137.
1608:
1580:
1568:SparkNotes.com
1555:
1528:(2): 191–207.
1512:
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1376:
1364:
1362:, p. 155.
1347:
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1323:
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1292:
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1190:
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1158:
1132:'s stage work
1101:A film version
1097:
1094:
1077:, which makes
958:Edward Garnett
939:
936:
919:Thomas Aquinas
911:
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898:
897:Irish identity
895:
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810:Finnegans Wake
786:Finnegans Wake
771:Thomas Aquinas
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613:
610:
609:
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598:
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588:
585:
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503:I Hear an Army
501:sent the poem
494:
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461:Thomas Aquinas
426:Ettore Schmitz
372:, Epigraph to
366:
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226:Finnegans Wake
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3838:Chamber Music
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3685:Short stories
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3285:Bloom, Harold
3283:
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3279:0-521-54553-6
3276:
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3090:
3089:
3084:
3083:McCourt, John
3080:
3075:
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2435:
2428:
2421:
2415:
2409:, p. 18.
2408:
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2395:
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2117:
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2100:
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2035:
2032:(3): 449–67.
2031:
2027:
2023:
2016:
2000:
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1802:
1793:
1785:
1783:0-19-811202-5
1779:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1760:Belanger 2001
1756:
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1434:9780199536443
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1178:Nora Barnacle
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1113:T. P. McKenna
1110:
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1021:
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890:Metamorphoses
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109:B. W. Huebsch
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4238:Lucia Joyce
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4012:Bellsybabble
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3867:Stephen Hero
3865:
3859:publications
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3817:
3778:Two Gallants
3743:Counterparts
3722:An Encounter
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3137:Kenner, Hugh
3119:
3087:
3072:(3): 449–67.
3069:
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3034:
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2990:
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2953:
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2732:
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2713:. Retrieved
2707:
2700:
2688:. Retrieved
2682:
2675:
2670:, p. 4.
2663:
2654:Stephen Hero
2653:
2650:
2635:
2628:
2616:. Retrieved
2610:
2604:
2592:
2580:
2568:. Retrieved
2553:
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2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2469:
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2388:Lercaro 1959
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2369:Lercaro 1959
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2025:
2015:
2003:. Retrieved
1997:
1990:
1978:. Retrieved
1972:
1965:
1953:. Retrieved
1941:
1937:
1927:
1915:. Retrieved
1910:Stephen Hero
1909:
1902:
1890:. Retrieved
1878:
1874:
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1602:
1571:. Retrieved
1567:
1558:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1510:, p. 7.
1508:Herbert 2009
1495:, p. 1.
1488:
1476:. Retrieved
1464:
1460:
1450:
1438:. Retrieved
1423:
1416:
1404:. Retrieved
1389:
1374:, p. 2.
1367:
1326:
1314:
1283:. Retrieved
1277:
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1193:
1185:
1182:Sylvia Beach
1174:Stephen Hero
1173:
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1141:
1137:
1133:
1130:Hugh Leonard
1128:
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1117:John Gielgud
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932:Stephen Hero
931:
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883:The myth of
882:
869:Consecration
862:
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546:Viking Press
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482:Stephen Hero
481:
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467:Stephen Hero
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457:Stephen Hero
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418:Stephen Hero
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341:Stephen Hero
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238:Stephen Hero
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160:Stephen Hero
158:
69:
4299:1916 novels
4186:(biography)
4184:James Joyce
4169:works about
4108:Hugh Kenner
4061:Scholars of
3964:(2003 film)
3948:(1987 film)
3932:(1977 film)
3924:(1967 film)
3916:(1958 play)
3906:Adaptations
3701:The Sisters
3636:James Joyce
3588:Study guide
3095:. pp.
2977:Works cited
2931:24 December
1186:James Joyce
1109:Bosco Hogan
1096:Adaptations
1049:Hugh Kenner
989:Flaubertian
924:Incarnation
798:Hugh Kenner
747:eucharistic
499:W. B. Yeats
398:W. K. Magee
351:Composition
286:James Joyce
223:(1922) and
193:James Joyce
189:debut novel
82:Set in
52:James Joyce
4288:Categories
4264:(grandson)
4240:(daughter)
4133:Fritz Senn
3857:Posthumous
3592:SparkNotes
3262:0140155031
2564:0838751504
2420:A Portrait
2259:(3): 363.
2208:(3): 362.
2133:(3): 368.
2070:(3): 454.
1573:4 November
1467:(3): 455.
1206:References
1079:A Portrait
1061:A Portrait
1029:A Portrait
985:Ezra Pound
951:The Egoist
943:A Portrait
910:The artist
853:Dr Faustus
826:A Portrait
818:A Portrait
802:A Portrait
791:A Portrait
775:A Portrait
758:A Portrait
731:A Portrait
531:The Egoist
526:The Egoist
507:Ezra Pound
489:essence.”
486:A Portrait
471:A Portrait
408:A Portrait
396:s editor,
345:A Portrait
295:Stanislaus
277:Background
265:A Portrait
256:The Egoist
251:Ezra Pound
233:A Portrait
150:PR6019 .O9
92:, c. 1890s
4256:(brother)
4199:Joysprick
4113:Ira Nadel
4017:Bloomsday
3693:Dubliners
2964:7 January
2636:"Ulysses"
2597:Lang 1993
2585:Lang 1993
2454:145174245
2440:: 32–44.
2407:Lang 1993
2315:(1): 52.
1550:193060122
1493:Read 1967
1372:Read 1967
1134:Stephen D
865:Eucharist
497:In 1913,
440:Dubliners
413:Dubliners
337:Dubliners
332:Dubliners
325:(then in
270:Dubliners
203:modernist
105:Publisher
97:Published
76:modernism
4272:(sister)
4248:(father)
4167:Academic
3946:The Dead
3799:The Dead
3771:A Mother
3583:LibriVox
2906:13 March
2881:13 March
2856:13 March
2831:14 March
2270:14 March
2219:14 March
2172:14 March
2144:12 March
2106:16 March
2081:14 March
2076:27537675
2043:14 March
2038:27537675
2005:14 March
1980:14 March
1955:14 March
1917:11 March
1892:14 March
1854:14 March
1542:24295781
1478:14 March
1473:27537675
1440:16 March
1406:16 March
1188:(1939).
1086:Portrait
1037:repaired
1023:In 1927
1012:In 1927
983:In 1917
968:In 1917
846:Religion
837:Identity
626:—
612:Synopsis
578:Daedalus
565:Source:
521:Portrait
444:Portrait
367:—
229:(1939).
211:Daedalus
58:Language
3995:Ulysses
3981:Related
3938:Ulysses
3922:Ulysses
3708:Eveline
3666:Ulysses
3163:4332957
3085:(ed.).
2826:4332957
2793:2 March
2768:2 March
2743:2 March
2715:1 March
2690:1 March
2618:2 March
2570:6 March
2536:6 March
2502:4 March
2477:4 March
2265:4332957
2214:4332957
2139:4332957
1950:4332957
1887:4332957
1285:4 March
1153:Ireland
1090:Ulysses
1075:Ulysses
1054:Ulysses
997:Imagist
974:cloacal
858:Lucifer
822:Ulysses
806:Ulysses
780:Ulysses
743:Thomist
555:Garland
511:Imagist
323:Trieste
311:Ulysses
288:in 1915
220:Ulysses
187:is the
173:Ulysses
138:823.912
61:English
42:in 1916
4232:(wife)
4223:Family
3894:(2013)
3886:(2012)
3878:(1968)
3870:(1944)
3849:(1927)
3841:(1907)
3830:Poetry
3822:(1918)
3819:Exiles
3677:(1939)
3669:(1922)
3661:(1916)
3650:Novels
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832:Themes
655:rector
639:Jesuit
319:Zürich
175:
162:
86:Dublin
48:Author
4042:Quark
3962:Bloom
3792:Grace
3729:Araby
3643:Works
3590:from
3565:from
3159:JSTOR
3081:. In
2822:JSTOR
2737:(PDF)
2450:S2CID
2261:JSTOR
2210:JSTOR
2135:JSTOR
2072:JSTOR
2034:JSTOR
1946:JSTOR
1883:JSTOR
1829:8 May
1820:(PDF)
1546:S2CID
1538:JSTOR
1469:JSTOR
1160:Notes
871:, or
717:with
705:Style
641:-run
591:well.
394:Dana'
123:Pages
66:Genre
3811:Play
3750:Clay
3519:ISBN
3504:ISBN
3479:ISBN
3464:ISBN
3449:ISBN
3434:ISBN
3405:ISBN
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3308:ISBN
3293:ISBN
3275:ISBN
3258:ISBN
3231:ISBN
3210:ISBN
3178:ISBN
3124:ISBN
3101:ISBN
3097:3–16
3040:ISBN
3019:ISBN
2996:ISBN
2966:2017
2933:2016
2908:2024
2883:2024
2858:2024
2833:2024
2795:2024
2770:2024
2745:2024
2717:2024
2692:2024
2641:ISBN
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2572:2024
2559:ISBN
2538:2024
2525:ISBN
2504:2024
2479:2024
2394:help
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2146:2024
2108:2024
2083:2024
2045:2024
2007:2024
1982:2024
1957:2024
1919:2024
1894:2024
1856:2024
1831:2012
1778:ISBN
1575:2021
1480:2024
1442:2024
1429:ISBN
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1395:ISBN
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1244:ISBN
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1140:and
1088:and
783:and
390:Dana
370:Ovid
88:and
3997:in
3555:at
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