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363:, once again threatening Kedah. Sultan Abdullah demanded military assistance from the EIC as the agreement indicated. The EIC refused to provide assistance because Sultan Abdullah only agreed with Francis Light, not the EIC. It was stated that Light had no authority to speak on behalf of the EIC. Sultan Abdullah forced Light out of Penang. Light was reluctant to let go of Penang and offered payment for damages but was rejected by Sultan Abdullah.
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to Siam. After the war ended, Siam once again became a very powerful force and demanded Kedah to resume sending the bunga mas to Siam which led Sultan
Abdullah to feel threatened by the demands. He wanted to preserve the sovereignty of Kedah and the welfare of the people. Sultan Abdullah sought
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Francis Light and Sultan
Abdullah personally came to an agreement in 1786. Sultan Abdullah let Francis Light stay in Penang provided that he must provide military assistance for Kedah when needed.
374:. Sultan Abdullah lost and was forced to agree to a peace treaty on 1 May 1791. With this treaty, the EIC officially annexed Penang. As a reward, EIC agreed to pay as much as 6,000
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and
Selangor, was able to prepare a naval attack to retake Penang. Francis Light asked for assistance from the British Military to attack the stronghold of Sultan Abdullah in
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and reigned from 1778 to 1797. In 1780, he ordered the fortress of Kota Kuala Bahang that was destroyed by Aceh in 1619 to be rebuilt in exactly the same way as the original.
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knowing the importance of the Penang Port and the usage of military bases, saw the offer as irresistible although the EIC wanted to protect the trade interests with Siam.
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281:: ڤدوك سري سلطان عبد الله مكرم شاه ابن المرحوم سلطان محمد جيوا زين العابدين معظم شاه ٢; died 1 September 1797) was the 20th
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Paduka Sri Sultan
Abdullah Mukarram Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Mu'adzam Shah II
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was raised in Penang. Francis Light named Penang as the "Prince of Wales Island" and their settlement as "
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EIC needs to pay as much as 30,000 Spanish
Dollars each year to Sultan Abdullah as reparation.
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EIC has to provide military assistance for Kedah as long as Kedah is attacked by enemies.
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He married his first wife, H.H. Tengku Puneh binti al-Marhum Sultan
Sallehuddin Shah,
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Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan of the State of Kedah Dar ul-Aman
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to them if they were willing to protect Kedah from Siam.
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404:Three sons and six daughters with Wan Kamaliah,
366:In 1791, Sultan Abdullah with the help of Riau,
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
527:Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Mu'adzam Shah II
257:Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Mu'adzam Shah II
127:Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Mu'adzam Shah II
190:Ten sons and eleven daughters, including:
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
336:EIC must not lead the enemies of Kedah.
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329:The agreement stipulated that the:
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195:Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II
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410:Dato’ Sri Paduka Raja Laksamana
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61:more precise citations.
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59:introducing
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353:George III
349:Georgetown
345:Union Jack
248:Mahawangsa
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