Abdurrahman Wahid - Knowledge

1860:, who was the chairman of PKB. Before the MPR Special Session, it was agreed upon that no PKB members would attend as a sign of solidarity. However, Matori insisted on attending because he was a vice-chairman of the MPR and participated in the impeachment process. Using his position as chairman of the Advisory Council, Abdurrhaman Abdurrahman sacked Matori as chairman of PKB on 15 August 2001 and suspended him from party activities before stripping Matori of Party membership in November. On 14 January 2002, Matori held a Special National Congress attended by his supporters in PKB. The Special National Congress re-elected him to the position of PKB chairman. Abddurahman Abdurrahman countered this by holding his own PKB National Congress on 17 January, a day after Matori's Congress ended The National Congress re-elected Abdurrahman Wahid to the position of chairman of the Advisory Council and elected 1725:

time, however, they were asking questions of Abdurrahman. At the 2000 MPR Annual Session, Abdurrahman delivered a speech which was well received by a majority of the MPR members. During the speech, Abdurrahman recognized his weakness as an administrator and said that he was going to delegate the day-to-day running of the government to a senior minister. The MPR members agreed but proposed that Megawati should be the one to receive the task from the President. At first the MPR planned to have this proposal adopted as a resolution but a presidential decision was seen as enough. On 23 August, Abdurrahman announced a new cabinet despite Megawati's insistence that the announcement was delayed. Megawati showed her displeasure by not showing up for the Cabinet announcement. The new cabinet was smaller and consisted of more non-partisans. There were no Golkar members in this cabinet.

1316:(PDI-P). In June 1998, many from within the NU community began pressuring Abdurrahman Wahid to form a new political party. Abdurrahman Wahid did not warm up to the idea immediately, thinking that this would result in a political party which only catered to one religion. He was also unwilling to overrule his own decision to take NU out of politics. By July 1998, however, he began to warm up to the idea, thinking that establishing a political party was the only way to challenge the organizationally strong Golkar in an election. With that in mind, Abdurrahman Wahid approved of the formation of PKB and became the chairman of its Advisory Council with Matori Abdul Djalil as party chairman. Although it was clearly dominated by NU members, Abdurrahman Wahid promoted the PKB as a party that was non-sectarian and open to all members of society. 1496: 486: 1268:. On 19 May 1998, Abdurrahman Wahid, together with eight prominent leaders from the Muslim community were summoned to Suharto's residence. Suharto outlined the idea of a Reform Committee which he had begun to propose at the time. All nine rejected Suharto's offer to join the Reform Committee. Abdurrahman Wahid maintained a more moderate stance with Suharto and called on the protesting to stop to see if Suharto was going to implement his promise. This displeased Amien who was one of the most vocal of Suharto's critics at the time. Nevertheless, support for Suharto quickly ebbed away, and he resigned the presidency on 21 May 1998. Vice President Habibie became president. 2301: 1289: 2034: 1836:. To prevent the MPR Special Session from taking place, Abdurrahman then enacted a Decree disbanding the MPR on 23 July despite having no power to do so. In defiance against Abdurrahman's decree, the MPR continued the Special Session and unanimously voted to impeach Abdurrahman Wahid. The same session also saw the MPR voted to affirm Megawati succession to the presidency, effectively replacing him. Abdurrahman Wahid continued to insist that he was the president and stayed for some days in the Presidential Palace, but eventually left the residence on 25 July for a trip overseas to the United States for health treatments. 1109:

his leadership team. Abdurrahman was elected as the new chairman of NU during the National Congress. However, his stipulation of choosing his own team was not honored. The last day of the Congress had begun with Abdurrahman's list of team members being approved by high-ranking NU officials including outgoing Chairman Idham. Abdurrahman had gone to the Committee in charge of running the Congress and handed in his list which was to be announced later. However, the Committee in question was against Idham and announced a totally different list of people. Abdurrahman was outraged but was pressured to accept the changes made.

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against him. On 1 February, the DPR met to issue a memorandum against Abdurrahman. Two memorandums constitute an MPR Special Session where the impeachment and removal of a president would be legal. The vote was overwhelmingly for the memorandum and PKB members could only walk out in protest. The memorandum caused widespread protests by NU members. In East Java, NU members went around to Golkar's regional offices and trashed it. In Jakarta, Abdurrahman's opposition began accusing him of encouraging the protests. Abdurrahman denied it and went to talk to the protesters at the town of

522: 2154: 1429:, was a coalition cabinet which consisted of members of various political parties: PDI-P, PKB, Golkar, PPP, PAN, and the Justice Party (PK). Non-partisans and the TNI (Formerly known as ABRI) were also represented in the cabinet. Abdurrahman then went on to make two administrative reforms. The first administrative reform was to abolish the Ministry of Information, the Suharto regime's main weapon in controlling the media, while the second administrative reform was to disband the Ministry of Social Affairs which had become corrupt and extortionist under the Suharto regime. 1343: 52: 2283: 4541: 2193: 2247: 386: 1584:, who held the position of Coordinating Minister of Politics and Security. Abdurrahman saw Wiranto both as an obstacle to his planned reform of the military as well as being a liability to his government with his human rights abuses in East Timor. When Abdurrahman arrived back in Jakarta, Wiranto talked to him and seemed successful in convincing Abdurrahman not to replace him. However, Abdurrahman Wahid would change his mind and ask for his resignation. In April 2000, Abdurrahman Wahid dismissed Minister of Industry and Trade 2175: 2337: 2211: 2319: 1712:(BULOG) reported that US$ 4 million were missing from its cash reserve. The missing cash was then attributed to Abdurrahman's own masseur, who had claimed that Abdurrahman sent him to Bulog to collect the cash. Although the money was returned, Abdurrahman's opponents took the chance of accusing him of being involved in the scandal and of being aware of what his masseur was up to. At the same time, Abdurrahman was also accused of keeping US$ 2 million for himself. The money was a donation by the 1050:(NU). This ran contrary to Abdurrahman's aspirations of becoming a public intellectual and he had twice rejected offers to join the NU Religious Advisory Council. Nevertheless, Abdurrahman finally chose to join the Council when his own grandfather, Bisri Syansuri gave him the third offer. In taking this job, Abdurrahman also made the decision to move from Jombang to Jakarta and to permanently reside there. As a member of the Religious Advisory Council, Abdurrahman envisioned himself as a reformer of NU. 1212:

block the event, ordering policemen to turn back busloads of NU members as they arrived in Jakarta. Nevertheless, the event managed to attract 200,000 attendants. After the event, Abdurrahman Wahid wrote a letter of protest to Suharto saying that NU had not been given a chance to display a brand of Islam that was open, fair, and tolerant. During his second term as chairman of NU, Abdurrahman's liberal ideas had begun to turn many supporters sour. As chairman, Abdurrahman Wahid continued to push for

840: 2229: 706: 4903: 4554: 4252: 1245:(PDI). Capitalizing on her father's legacy, Megawati had a lot of popularity and intended to put political and moral pressure on Suharto's regime. Abdurrahman advised Megawati to be cautious and to avoid being nominated as president during the 1998 MPR General Session. Megawati ignored Abdurrahman's advice and paid the price in July 1996 when her PDI headquarters were taken over by supporters of Government-backed PDI chairman, Suryadi. 4564: 653: 1260:. Suharto began to lose control of the situation and just as he was being pushed to step up the reform movement with Megawati and Amien, Abdurrahman experienced a stroke in January 1998. From his hospital bed, Abdurrahman Wahid continued to see the situation worsen with Suharto's re-election to a seventh term as president accompanied by student protests. The protests would turn into riots in May 1998 after the 795:. He was educated in Jakarta, going to KRIS Primary School before moving to Matraman Perwari Primary School. Abdurrahman Wahid was encouraged to read non-Muslim books, magazines, and newspapers by his father to further broaden his horizons. He stayed in Jakarta with his family even after his father's removal as Minister of Religious Affairs in 1952. In April 1953, Abdurrahman's father died in a car crash. 871:. Abdurrahman was also involved with the Association of Indonesian Students and became a journalist for the association's magazine. After passing the remedial Arabic examination, he finally began studies at the Higher Institute for Islamic and Arabic Studies in 1965, but was disappointed as he had already studied many of the texts offered at the Institute in Java and disapproved of the 1406: 4266: 1651:"I think there is a wrong perception that Islam is at odds with Israel. This is due to Arab propaganda. We must distinguish between Arabs and Muslims. Some people in Indonesia claim that I am a stooge for the West, but the fact that I am gaining popularity over time dispels this idea, and shows that this is the view of only a small elite. I have always said that 1832:. Yudhoyono refused and Abdurrahman removed him from his position. Finally on 20 July, Amien declared that the MPR Special Session will be brought forward to 23 July. TNI, having had a bad relationship with Abdurrahman through his tenure as president, stationed 40,000 troops in Jakarta and placed tanks with their turrets pointing at the Presidential Palace in a 1057:(PPP), an Islamist Party which was formed as a result of a merger of four Islamist parties including NU. Abdurrahman Wahid recalled that the Government actively disrupted PPP's campaigns by arresting people like himself. However, Abdurrahman Wahid was always able to secure his release, having developed connections in high places with the likes of General 1688:, a foundation with affiliations to Kostrad. Through Megawati, TNI members began pressuring Abdurrahman to remove Agus. Abdurrahman gave in to the pressure but then planned to have Agus appointed as the Army Chief of Staff to which TNI top brass responded by threatening to retire and Abdurrahman once again bowed down to pressure. 994:, a leading Indonesian newspaper. His articles were well received, and he began to develop a reputation as a social commentator. Abdurrahman's popularity was such that at this time he was invited to give lectures and seminars, obliging him to travel back and forth between Jakarta and Jombang, where he now lived with his family. 487: 2265: 1724:

As the 2000 MPR Annual Session approached, Abdurrahman's popularity with the people was still at a high and politically, allies such as Megawati, Akbar, and Amien were still willing to support Abdurrahman despite the sacking of the ministers and the scandals which he had been involved in. At the same

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After only a month in the National Unity Cabinet, Coordinating Minister of People's Welfare Hamzah Haz announced his resignation in November. There was suspicion that the resignation was brought about by Abdurrahman's allegation that certain members of his Cabinet were involved in corruption while he

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As opposition to the government, Abdurrahman Wahid, together with Megawati and Amien were willing to adopt a moderate stance towards Habibie's Government, preferring instead to wait for the 1999 legislative elections. Nevertheless, in November 1998, in a meeting at his residence in the Jakarta suburb

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In March 1992, Abdurrahman Wahid planned to have a Great Assembly to celebrate the 66th anniversary of the founding of NU and to reiterate the organization's support for Pancasila. Abdurrahman Wahid had planned for the event to be attended by at least one million NU members. However, Suharto moved to

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regime. Abdurrahman's acceptance of Pancasila along with his moderate image won him favor among Government ranks. In 1985, Suharto made Abdurrahman a Pancasila indoctrinator. In 1987, Abdurrahman showed further support for the regime by criticizing PPP in the lead-up to the 1987 Legislative Elections

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Abdurrahman's reforms had made him extremely popular within the ranks of NU. By the time of the 1984 National Congress, many began to state their intentions to nominate Abdurrahman as the new chairman of NU. Abdurrahman accepted the nomination, provided that he had the power to choose who would be on

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and was being armed by the TNI. Laskar Jihad, a radical Islamic militia had earlier in the year planned to go to Maluku and assist Muslims there in their communal conflict with the Christians. Abdurrahman had ordered TNI to block Laskar Jihad from going to Maluku, but nevertheless they still made it

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for justification and finally, in October 1983, concluded that the NU should accept Pancasila as its ideology. To further revitalize the NU, Abdurrahman was also successful in securing its withdrawal from PPP and party politics to allow it focus on social matters instead of hampering itself by being

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was also removed under the suspicion of channelling his department's funds to Abdurrahman's opposition. In response to this, Megawati began to distance herself and did not show up for the inauguration of the Ministers' replacement. On 30 April, the DPR issued a second memorandum and on the next day

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campaigned against Abdurrahman's re-election. When it came time for the National Congress, the site for the Congress was tightly guarded by ABRI in an act of intimidation. Despite this, and attempts to bribe NU members to vote against him, Abdurrahman Wahid was re-elected as NU chairman for a third

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On 25 September 2024, MPR officially revoked MPR Resolution No. II/MPR/2001 that used as instrument to revoke Abdurrahman Wahid from presidency and also restored his reputation posthumously. On the same day, MPR also vindicated Suharto by partial revocation of MPR Resolution No. XI/MPR/1998. These

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In June 1999, Abdurrahman's PKB entered the legislative elections. The PKB won 12% of the votes with Megawati's PDI-P winning the legislative elections with 33% of the votes. With her party decisively winning the legislative elections, Megawati expected to win the presidency against Habibie at the

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Seeing what happened to Megawati, Abdurrahman thought that his best option now was to retreat politically by getting himself back in favor with the Government. In November 1996, Abdurrahman Wahid and Suharto met for the first time since Abdurrahman's re-election to the NU chairmanship and this was

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The original meaning of jihad is "to strive." The jihad conducted by Mohammed was a propagation effort to strive tirelessly to communicate the truth of Allah to others. It is extremely dangerous to stray from that essential meaning... Islam is not a violent religion. It places great importance on

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on 27 January 2001, Abdurrahman commented on the possibility of Indonesia descending into anarchy. Abdurrahman then made the suggestion that he may be forced to dissolve the DPR if that happened. Although the meeting was off-the-record, it caused quite a stir and added to the fuel of the movement

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In October 1999, the MPR convened and Abdurrahman threw his support behind Amien, who was elected as the chairman of the MPR. On 7 October 1999, Amien and the Central Axis, who now had the PKB on their side, officially nominated Abdurrahman as a presidential candidate. On 19 October 1999, the MPR

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taking control of the situation in Jakarta, a crackdown against suspected communists was initiated. The Indonesian Embassy in Egypt was ordered to conduct an investigation into the political views of university students. This order was passed to Abdurrahman Wahid, who was charged with writing the

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By this time, many viewed the NU as a stagnant organization. After careful discussion, the Religious Advisory Council finally formed a Team of Seven (which included Abdurrahman) to tackle the issues of reform and to help revitalize the NU. For some members of the NU, reform in the organization

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throughout his presidency, although many claimed that he was able to see without assistance. Nevertheless, during his inauguration as president, he was helped by an army officer who acted as an assistant by re-reading the text of presidential oath during his inauguration. His eyesight began to

1479:. However, this referendum would be to decide on various modes of autonomy rather than to decide on independence like in East Timor. Abdurrahman Wahid also wanted to adopt a softer stance towards Aceh by having fewer military personnel on the ground. On 30 December, Abdurrahman Wahid visited 1078:

to Suharto resisted at first but bowed down to pressure. On 6 May 1982, Abdurrahman Wahid heard of Idham's decision to resign and approached him saying that the demands being made for him to resign were unconstitutional. With urging from Abdurrahman Wahid, Idham withdrew his resignation and

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By the end of 2000, there were many within the political elite who were disillusioned with Abdurrahman. The most obvious person who showed this disillusion was Amien who showed regret at supporting Abdurrahman to the presidency the previous year. Amien also attempted to rally opposition by

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All religions insist on peace. From this we might think that the religious struggle for peace is simple ... but it is not. The deep problem is that people use religion wrongly in pursuit of victory and triumph. This sad fact then leads to conflict with people who have different

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As the 1994 National Congress approached, Abdurrahman Wahid nominated himself for a third term as chairman. Hearing this, Suharto wanted to make sure that Abdurrahman Wahid was not elected. In the weeks leading up to the Congress, Suharto supporters, such as Habibie and

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and nominated Abdurrahman as their presidential candidate, but after failing the medical examination required by Indonesian law, Abdurrahman's candidature was disqualified. Abdurrahman then threw his support behind Wiranto of the Golkar party, as Abdurrahman's brother,

1368:(DPR) made it clear that Golkar would support Abdurrahman in his bid for the presidency. On 20 October 1999, the MPR convened and began voting for a new president. Abdurrahman Wahid was elected as Indonesia's fourth president with 373 votes to Megawati's 313 votes. 1788:

was to become an optional holiday. Abdurrahman followed this up in February by lifting the ban on the display of Chinese characters and the imports of Chinese publications. In February, Abdurrahman visited Northern Africa as well as Saudi Arabia to undertake the

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followed over the next few months by meetings with various Government people who in 1994 had attempted to block Abdurrahman's re-election. At the same time, however, Abdurrahman Wahid kept his options for reform open and in December 1996, had a meeting with

930: 1204:, an organization which contained 45 intellectuals from various religious and social communities. The organization was seen as a threat by the government, which moved to break up meetings held by the Democracy Forum during the run-up to the 1971:

Israel believes in God. While we have a diplomatic relationship and recognizing diplomatically China and Russia, which are atheist states, then it's strange that we don't acknowledge Israel. This is the thing that we have to correct within

1903:, Wiranto, Akbar Tanjung, and Megawati Sukarnoputri, this coalition criticized the policies of the Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono government, specifically about the withdrawal of fuel subsidies which they argued would raise the price of fuel. 1745:. Abdurrahman's response was to allow the West Papuans to do this provided that the Morning Star flag was placed lower than the Indonesian flag. For this, he was severely criticized by Megawati and Akbar. On 24 December 2000, there were 974:

as agents for change and to help assist the government in the economic development of Indonesia. It was at this time that Abdurrahman Wahid finally decided to drop plans for overseas studies in favor of promoting the development of the

1002:(popsicle) business. In 1974, he found extra employment in Jombang as a Muslim Legal Studies teacher at Pesantren Tambakberas and soon developed a good reputation. A year later, Abdurrahman added to his workload as a teacher of 1090:

state ideology as the sole basis for all organizations. From June 1983 to October 1983, Abdurrahman was part of a team which was commissioned to prepare the NU's response to this issue. Abdurrahman consulted texts such as the

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would form the Central Axis, a coalition of Muslim parties. The Central Axis then began to consider nominating Abdurrahman as a third candidate in the presidential race and the PKB's commitment towards PDI-P began to waver.

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Abdurrahman Wahid served as patron, member of the board of directors and senior advisor to the LibForAll ("Liberty for All") Foundation, whose mission it is to reduce religious extremism and discredit terrorism worldwide.

1487:, the province which was then known as Irian Jaya. During his visit, Abdurrhaman Abdurrahman was successful in convincing Papuan leaders that he was a force for change and even encouraged the use of the name Papua. 1029:. However, his excellence caused some resentment from within the ranks of university and he was blocked from teaching the subjects. Whilst undertaking all these ventures he also regularly delivered speeches during 1805:; encouraging them to get off the streets. Nevertheless, NU protesters continued to show their support for Abdurrahman and in April, made the announcement that they were ready to defend and die for the President. 1371:

Displeased that their candidate had not won the presidency, Megawati's supporters began to riot. Abdurrahman realized that for this to stop, Megawati had to be elected as vice president. After convincing General

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Despite having a successful career up to that point, Abdurrahman Wahid still found it hard to make ends meet, and he worked to earn extra income by selling peanuts and delivering ice to be used for his wife's

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In a 2002 interview with Australian television program, "Foreign Correspondent", Abdurrahman Wahid explained his respect for Israel and posed a challenging "correction" to be addressed by his fellow Muslims:

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and Siti Sholehah. This led to a belief that he was born on 4 August; instead, using the Islamic calendar to mark his birth date meant that he was actually born on 4 Sha'aban, equivalent to 7 September 1940.

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Abdurrahman Wahid discussed his suspicions regarding the involvement of the Indonesian government and Indonesia's armed forces in the terrorist bombings on Bali, in an interview in the documentary

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not to contest vice presidential elections and getting the PKB to endorse Megawati, Abdurrahman Wahid persuaded the demoralized Megawati to stand. On 21 October 1999, Megawati defeated the PPP's

604:). Until 1998, the spiritual practice to celebrate the Chinese New Year by Chinese families was restricted specifically only inside of Chinese community centers. This restriction is made by the 1676:

When he ascended to the presidency, one of Abdurrahman's goals was to reform the military and to take it out of its dominant socio-political role. In this venture, Abdurrahman found an ally in

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who brought Islam to Spain and was thus nicknamed "ad-Dakhil" ("the conqueror"). His name is stylized in the traditional Arabic naming system as "Abdurrahman, son of Wahid". Abdurrahman is of

1592:. The explanation that he gave was that the two were involved in corruption, although he never gave evidence to back it up. This move soured Abdurrahman's relations with Golkar and PDI-P. 1737:

in Maluku as the condition there continued to deteriorate. By now, it was evident that Laskar Jihad were being assisted by TNI members and it was also apparent that they were financed by

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and moved to Iraq. There Abdurrahman Wahid continued his involvement with the Association of Indonesian Students as well as with writing journalistic pieces to be read in Indonesia.

6153: 1144:, East Java to provide a forum for like-minded individuals within NU to discuss and provide interpretations to Muslim texts. Critics accused Abdurrahman of wishing to replace the 4304: 3844: 3642: 898:

Abdurrahman's displeasure at the method of education and his work following the coup attempt distracted him from his studies. He sought and received another scholarship at the

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In 1954, Abdurrahman Wahid began Junior High School. That year, he failed to graduate to the next year and was forced to repeat. His mother made the decision to send him to

585:, he was blind in the left eye and partially blind in his right eye. He was the first (and to date only) president of Indonesia to have had physical disabilities. The name 4924: 5394: 1647:

should yield to the feelings of the "majority" of Indonesians, who support Palestine. Abdurrahman visited Israel six times. In an interview with Israeli media he said,

4125: 4995: 1176:, began to ingratiate himself with the Muslim constituency so as to win their support. This venture reached a turning point in December 1990 with the formation of the 1014: 867:

Instead of attending classes, Abdurrahman Wahid spent 1964 enjoying life in Egypt, watching European and American movies as well as indulging in his hobby of watching

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One of the immediate effects of Suharto's fall was the formation of new political parties. Under Suharto's regime, political parties had been limited to just three;

3789: 5675: 4600: 4112: 1627:, which aroused the ire of many Indonesian Muslim groups. This was one issue that arose in the briefing given to a Palestinian parliamentary delegation in 2000 by 3812: 4340: 1129:. Although this somewhat soured the cordial relationships that Abdurrahman had with the Government, Suharto was still keen on getting political support from NU. 613: 1053:

At this time, Abdurrahman Wahid also had his first political experience. In the lead-up to the 1982 Legislative Elections, Abdurrahman Wahid campaigned for the

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Party. His reward came in the form of a membership of the MPR. Although he was viewed with favor by the regime, Abdurrahman criticised the Government over the

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ancestry. From his paternal line, he is descended from a well-known Muslim missionary from China known as Syekh Abdul Qadir Tan Kiem Han who was a disciple of

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After completing his education at the University of Baghdad in 1970, Abdurrahman Wahid went to the Netherlands to continue his education. He wanted to attend

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as the sixth official religion in Indonesia in 2000 and protected minority rights in Indonesia. As a result, Wahid was given the title "Father of Pluralism".

3100: 1850: 3906: 2061:. He also underwent dental surgery on 28 December after complaining of toothache. Abdurrahman died on 30 December at approximately 6:45 pm local time ( 3282: 909:

but was disappointed as there was little recognition for the studies that he had undertaken at the University of Baghdad. From the Netherlands, he went to

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Abdurrahman was re-elected to a second term as chairman of NU at the 1989 National Congress. By this time, Suharto, embroiled in a political battle with

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In Egypt, Abdurrahman Wahid found employment with the Indonesian Embassy. It was during his stint with the embassy that coup attempt was launched by the

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as Dean of the Faculty of Islamic Beliefs and Practices. Again he excelled in his job and the university wanted to him to teach extra subjects such as

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The Abdurrahman Wahid Institute is a Jakarta-based nonprofit organization founded by Abdurrahman in 2004, now led by his daughter, Yenni Abdurrahman.

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on the way back to Indonesia. In February, Abdurrahman made another trip to Europe visiting the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Germany, and

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in which he called on "people of good will of every faith and nation" to unite against the religious hatred that underlies and animates terrorism.

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encouraging Megawati and Akbar to flex their political muscles. Megawati surprisingly defended Abdurrahman whilst Akbar preferred to wait for the

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Abdurrahman Wahid, together with the Team of Seven was able to negotiate a compromise between Idham and those who had asked for his resignation.

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He was the oldest of his five siblings, and was born into a very prestigious family in the East Java Muslim community. His paternal grandfather,

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for his efforts to promote inter-religious relations in Indonesia within a democratic society. The award is referred to as 'Asia's Nobel Prize'.

5322: 3967: 1685: 1177: 940:(LP3ES), an organization which consisted of intellectuals with progressive Muslims and social-democratic views. LP3ES established the magazine 4075: 2369: 6168: 1628: 1464:

was still in America. Others suggested that Hamzah's resignation was because of displeasure due to Abdurrahman's conciliatory stance towards

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were desperate to gain state funding by adopting state-endorsed curricula and Abdurrahman was concerned that the traditional values of the

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and Abdurrahman became one of the main contributors to the magazine. Whilst working as a contributor for LP3ES, he also conducted tours to

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as its members. In 1991, various members of ICMI asked Abdurrahman to join. Abdurrahman declined because he thought that ICMI encouraged

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In March 2000, Abdurrahman Wahid suggested that the 1966 Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS) resolution on the banning of

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reiterated their commitment to reform. On 7 February 1999, PKB officially declared Abdurrahman Wahid as their presidential candidate.

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In March, Abdurrahman Wahid tried to counter the opposition by moving against dissidents within his own Cabinet. Minister of Justice

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MPR General Session. However, the PDI-P did not have complete majority and formed a loose alliance with the PKB. In July, however,

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and that it was mainly a means by which Suharto manoeuvred to remain powerful. In 1991, Abdurrahman countered ICMI by forming the

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In August 2005, Abdurrahman Wahid became one of the leaders of a political coalition called the United and Awakened Archipelago (

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between candidates Yudhoyono and Megawati, Abdurrahman Wahid declared no support for either candidate and abstained from voting.

1313: 4313:, 2 January 2010 - necrology focusing on Abdurrahman Wahid's presidency, and on his relation with neighbouring country Australia 5332: 3433: 2166: 780: 4341:

https://web.archive.org/web/20150702160646/http://www.mediaindonesia.com/mipagi/read/9041/Gus-Dur-Hidup-lewat-Novel/2015/03/08

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took offense at the inaccurate portrayals of the Indonesian president, and Alwi called for the replacement of Awad. However,

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Abdurrahman Wahid standing between his mother and father, and behind his siblings and a friend of the family, circa 1952.

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on 17 August 1945, Abdurrahman Wahid moved back to Jombang and remained there during the fight for independence from the

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as its chairman. Abdurrahman's PKB would be known as PKB Kuningan whilst Matori's PKB would be known as PKB Batutulis.

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Abdurrahman's family background meant that sooner or later, he would be asked to play an active role in the running of

765:(Holy Islamic Saints) who became one of the first Islamic Kings on Java who Islamicized Java in the 15-16th centuries. 612:. On 17 January 2000, Wahid issued Presidential Decree No. 6 of 2000 to annul the previous instruction. He established 3521: 1360:

rejected Habibie's accountability speech and Habibie withdrew from the presidential race. In the hours that followed,

5220: 4963: 3134: 2969: 2913: 2852: 2806: 2548: 2521: 2157: 1495: 1395: 1083: 692: 493: 4118: 1910:

He confirmed this in March 2008, at a rally of his National Awakening Party (PKB) in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan.

6203: 6128: 5710: 4832: 4557: 4464: 3822: 3495: 3328: 2399: 2202: 1779: 1644: 1389: 1173: 551: 3574: 2627: 1741:, the last Minister of Finance to have served under Suharto. During the same month, the West Papuans raised their 776:(NU) while his maternal grandfather, Bisri Syansuri was the first Muslim educator to introduce classes for women. 5447: 4567: 3914: 3757: 2256: 2050: 1667:

has a reputation as a nation that upholds God and religion—therefore there is no reason we should fight Israel."

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with GAM to last until the beginning of 2001, by which time both signatories would have breached the agreement.

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education system so that it can match up with secular schools. In 1987, Abdurrahman also set up study groups in

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In late December 2009, despite poor health and a recent hospital visit, Abdurrahman asked to be taken to visit

1709: 788: 3945: 2021:. Consequently, he was helped by some trusted assistants who acted as his "eyes". He was also alleged to have 1413: 6092: 6087: 5337: 4929: 1580:

While he was travelling to Europe in February, Abdurrahman Wahid began asking for the resignation of General

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Abdurrahman Wahid returned to Jakarta expecting that in a year's time, he would be abroad again to study at

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for seven days. He was buried next to his grandparents and parents at his birthplace, Jombang, East Java.

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involved a change of leadership. On 2 May 1982, a group of high-ranking NU officials met with NU chairman

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https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072124/http://tebuireng.org/diskusi-novel-mata-penakluk-di-tebuireng/

3670:"Siapa Gus Muwafiq? Mantan Asisten Pribadi Gus Dur yang Sebut Pawang Hujan MotoGP Mandalika Tidak Syirik" 2220: 1996:

with whom he had four daughters: Alissa Qotrunnada Munawaroh, Zannuba Arifah Chafsoh (popularly known as

1981: 1691:

Abdurrahman's relationship with the TNI deteriorated even further in July 2000 when it was revealed that

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term. During his third term, Abdurrahman Wahid began to move closer towards a political alliance with

6074: 5805: 5665: 5523: 5275: 3643:"Apa Kabar Sastro Al Ngatawi, Eks Juru Bicara Presiden Gus Dur yang Selalu Pakai Blangkon? Ini Kabar" 1925:

Abdurrahman Wahid wrote an article published in the Wall Street Journal on 30 December 2005 entitled

1812:

was removed for making public his demands for the President's resignation while Minister of Forestry

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In 1963, Abdurrahman Wahid received a scholarship from the Ministry of Religious Affairs to study at

791:. At the end of the war in 1949, Abdurrahman Wahid moved to Jakarta as his father had been appointed 4158: 3971: 6173: 6158: 5798: 5600: 5482: 5472: 5462: 5416: 5342: 5162: 4523: 4431: 2929: 2066: 1825: 1301: 1054: 559: 234: 2033: 2017:

since 1985, and worsened by an accident where he was hit by a car which resulted in the loss of a

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as part of their constitution, but we have a long-term relationship with these two countries. So

1308:. Now with his fall, new political parties were formed, the most prominent of which were Amien's 860:, Egypt. He left for Egypt in November 1963. Unable to provide evidence to certify that he spoke 5734: 22: 5650: 5508: 5467: 5357: 5245: 5097: 5059: 4867: 4487: 4437: 4401: 2346: 1855: 1426: 1309: 1257: 543: 67: 3697:"Viral Lagi Momen Gus Dur Tidur di Tengah Sidang Pleno DPR, Gus Mus Beberkan Misteri Tidurnya" 1708:

2000 saw Abdurrahman embroiled in two scandals which would damage his presidency. In May, the

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pilgrimage. Abdurrahman made his last overseas visit in June 2001 when he visited Australia.

1550:

and Hong Kong. In June, Abdurrahman Wahid once again visited America, Japan, and France with

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DAFTAR WNI YANG MENERIMA TANDA KEHORMATAN BINTANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 1959 – Sekarang

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to continue his education. In 1957, after graduating from Junior High School, he moved to

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were being damaged because of this change. He was also concerned with the poverty of the

853: 758: 746: 597: 340: 3450:

The Elijah Interfaith Institute – Muslim Members of the Board of World Religious Leaders

2453:"Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2000 - Wikisource bahasa Indonesia" 6069: 5660: 5580: 5362: 5142: 5074: 4978: 4848: 4324: 4146: 1829: 1813: 1601: 1261: 1112:

Abdurrahman's ascendancy to the NU chairmanship was seen positively by Suharto and his

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to provide assistance in Aceh. However, Abdurrahman failed to account for the money.

1640: 1589: 1193: 926: 906: 769: 742: 632: 578: 574: 315: 193: 4540: 3473: 3430: 2192: 2065:) due to complications from kidney disorders, heart disease and diabetes. President 814:

course in two years instead of the usual four. In 1959, he moved back to Jombang to

5728: 5513: 5431: 5401: 5260: 5190: 4795: 4271: 4257: 3468: 2246: 1878: 1785: 1713: 1631:, their ambassador to Indonesia. Another issue was Abdurrahman's membership in the 1565: 1484: 1321: 1074:

and asked for his resignation. Idham, who had guided the NU in the transition from

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to Maluku and they were then being armed with what turned out to be TNI weapons.

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Abdurrahman Wahid continued his career as a journalist, writing for the magazine

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During his first term as chairman of NU, Abdurrahman focused on reform of the

6112: 6059: 5876: 5825: 5457: 5421: 5147: 5037: 4787: 4688: 4680: 4578: 4508: 4394: 2264: 2070: 1993: 1954: 1833: 1441: 1361: 872: 254: 157: 102: 1762:. At the end of November, 151 DPR members signed a petition calling for the 1600:

In March 2000, Abdurrahman's Government began to open negotiations with the

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directed against churches in Jakarta and in eight cities across Indonesia.

1692: 1656: 1632: 1515: 1197: 1071: 828:. Abdurrahman Wahid found employment as a journalist for magazines such as 730: 566: 295: 145: 4456: 705: 5975: 5896: 5477: 5265: 5152: 5127: 5052: 5047: 5012: 4528: 3724:"Sering Tertidur saat Rapat, Tapi Gus Dur Tetap Nyambung, Ini Rahasianya" 3362: 2372:[Are You Curious, How Tall Are All the Presidents of Indonesia]. 2228: 2123: 2119: 1997: 1881:, was Wiranto's running mate. Wiranto and Salahuddin came third. For the 1861: 1817:

called for an MPR Special Session to be held on 1 August. On 12 June, he

1763: 1734: 1636: 1585: 1547: 1539: 1507: 1141: 784: 532: 282: 4902: 4358: 4305:"Australia owes a debt of gratitude to Indonesia's accidental president" 4100: 5913: 5842: 5670: 5562: 5302: 5240: 5157: 5027: 5007: 4983: 4648: 3431:

Foreign Correspondent – 17 April 2002: Interview with Abdurrahman Wahid

2025:

as he was sometimes caught sleeping during important cabinet meetings.

1962:

love, and the Qur'an forbids the use of force for the sake of religion.

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to adopt state-endorsed curricula, the Government was also encouraging

799: 762: 714: 371: 366: 332: 34: 4872: 4076:"MPR Cabut Nama Soeharto dari Tap MPR 11/1998 soal KKN, Ini Alasannya" 3616:"Ternyata Begini Kisahnya Penyebab Awal Mula Gus Dur Tak Bisa Melihat" 1432:

In November, Abdurrahman Wahid made his first overseas trip, visiting

1346:

Amien Rais and Abdurrahman Wahid converse during a session of the MPR.

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which he saw during his tours. At the same time as it was encouraging

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In 1983, Suharto was re-elected to a fourth term as president by the

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Institute for Economic and Social Research, Education and Information

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government through Presidential Instruction No. 14 of 1967 signed by

224: 3668:

Bhayangkara, Chyntia Sami; Hidayat, Muhammad Zuhdi (26 March 2022).

3548:"Viral! Prediksi Gus Dur, 6 sudah terbukti, tinggal satu yang belum" 1623:

Abdurrahman Wahid also moved to establish commercial relations with

1558:

as the new additions to the list of countries which he had visited.

1320:

of Ciganjur, Abdurrahman, together with Megawati, Amien, and Sultan

5954: 5932: 5903: 5847: 5372: 3405: 2370:"Penasaran Tidak, Berapa Sih Tinggi Badan Semua Presiden Indonesia" 2131: 2014: 1906:

In September 2006, Abdurrahman Wahid said that he would run in the

1828:, the Coordinating Minister for Politics and Security to declare a 1802: 1527: 1480: 1018: 935: 820: 803: 582: 515:, 7 September 1940 – 30 December 2009), more colloquially known as 441: 1409:

1999 version of Abdurrahman Wahid's official presidential portrait

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Wahid reshuffles cabinet to shore up support ahead of impeachment

2628:"Profil Gus Dur dalam Sejarah Indonesia dan Prestasi Akademiknya" 2103: 2086:

revocations also paved their way to attain National Hero status.

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was held for Abdurrahman on 31 December, and flags were flown at

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education system and was successful in increasing the quality of

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Who was Gus Dur? Obituary Radio France Internationale in English

1719: 5937: 5886: 5881: 5815: 5788: 5773: 5749: 5739: 5498: 4890: 4284: 3941: 3879: 3784: 3753: 3614:

Supriyatna, Agus (25 January 2021). Widiarto, Marcellus (ed.).

2467:"Daftar Julukan 6 Presiden RI, Apa Julukan Jokowi? Halaman all" 2398:(in Indonesian). Surya Online. 31 December 2009. Archived from 2139: 2107: 2062: 2018: 1664: 1624: 1531: 1465: 1453: 1449: 1297: 1217: 1145: 1118: 1096: 1022: 1007: 990: 914: 861: 4346:

https://sea.lib.niu.edu/islandora/object/SEAImages%3AITvVideos

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pointed out that Abdurrahman's personal neutrality toward the

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President Abdurrahman Wahid at the 2000 annual meeting of the

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or ICMI). This organization was backed by Suharto, chaired by

473: 5985: 5720: 5715: 5210: 4049:"MPR Cabut Tap Nomor II/MPR/2001, Pulihkan Nama Baik Gus Dur" 3408:

The Wisdom of Tolerance: A Philosophy of Generosity and Peace

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in March. In July, Agus began uncovering a scandal involving

1652: 1555: 1538:. In April, Abdurrahman visited South Africa en route to the 1523: 1519: 1445: 1437: 1433: 1092: 857: 464: 453: 444: 432: 4299: 3968:"Indonesia to hold state funeral for former president Wahid" 1849:

After his impeachment, Abdurrahman Wahid turned his eyes to

1635:

Foundation. Both Abdurrahman Wahid and his foreign minister

1506:

In January, Abdurrahman Wahid made another overseas trip to

509: 5980: 5960: 5705: 1790: 1551: 1543: 1472: 624: 539: 447: 3014:"Wahid's Move on Trade Stirs Up Nationalism Among Muslims" 1604:(GAM). Two months later, in May, the Government signed a 1417:

President Abdurrahman Wahid with Japanese Prime Minister

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Fatwa on Religious Pluralism, Liberalism, and Secularism

4224:

Abdurrahman Wahid: Muslim Democrat, Indonesian President

2513:

Chinese Indonesians: Remembering, Distorting, Forgetting

1980:

and sat on the Board of World Religious Leaders for the

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Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil was born on the fourth day of the

6154:

Candidates in the 2009 Indonesian presidential election

3462:

Herbawati, Neneng; Hilmi, M. Yunan (30 December 2009).

3394:

Ambassadors for Peace of the Universal Peace Federation

2887:"Economic issues to dominate Dr M's visit to Indonesia" 1390:

Post-Suharto era § Presidency of Wahid (1999–2001)

1253:, an ICMI member who had grown critical of the regime. 3970:. Xinhua News Agency. 30 December 2009. Archived from 1824:

By July, Abdurrahman Wahid grew desperate and ordered

1522:. On the way back to Europe, Abdurrahman also visited 4279: 3464:"Kalla ajak jaga semangat demokrasi & pluralisme" 2543:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 290. 2516:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 102. 1888: 1872:

In April 2004, PKB received 10.6% of the vote in the

673:. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are 494: 461: 456: 429: 4247: 2820: 2818: 2095:

In 1993, Abdurrahman Wahid received the prestigious

1456:. He followed this up in December by a visit to the 476: 438: 435: 397: 4192:"Award – President of Indonesia Collection Website" 3845:"Former RI president Abdurrahman Wahid passes away" 1784:In January, Abdurrahman made the announcement that 1104:

Election to chairmanship and first term as chairman

470: 467: 450: 4221: 4186: 4184: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4168: 3667: 3522:"Gus Dur Buta? Masih Bisa Baca Kok Tanpa Kacamata" 1168:Second term as chairman and opposing the New Order 3641:Dewi, Yuliana Kusuma. Santoso, Agung Budi (ed.). 2815: 2479: 1752: 1568:'s financial independence and standing up to the 6110: 2509: 2142:), and many other universities around the world. 2069:visited Abdurrahman shortly before his death. A 1894: 4228:. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press. 4165: 929:in Canada. He kept himself busy by joining the 619:His popular nickname 'Gus Dur' is derived from 5323:Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals 4608: 3461: 2000:), Annita Hayatunnufus, and Inayah Wulandari. 1769: 1178:Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals 1086:(MPR) and began taking steps to establish the 4833: 4594: 4472: 4317:"Abdurrahman and the Voice of Moderate Islam" 4017:"Gus Dur akan Dimakamkan di Sebelah Kakeknya" 3348:"Indonesian ex-president to seek re-election" 1720:2000 MPR Annual Session and cabinet reshuffle 592:Wahid was instrumental in lifting the ban on 4352: 3572: 3496:"Gus Dur: Tidak Bisa Melihat Bukan Penyakit" 3406:Abdurrahman Wahid and Daisaku Ikeda (2009). 2964:. Singapore: Horizon Books. pp. 30–31. 2102:He was conferred honorary doctorates by the 1936:, aired by SBS Dateline on 12 October 2005. 1883:run-off elections, held on 20 September 2004 1041: 1036: 4486: 3599:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3452:. Elijah-interfaith.org (24 December 2006). 3127:Indonesia's Six Years of Living Dangerously 3044:"Palestinian Ambassador Should Be Replaced" 2962:Indonesia's Six Years of Living Dangerously 2906:Indonesia's Six Years of Living Dangerously 2876:Barton (2002), page 294, pp. 297–298, p.308 2845:Indonesia's Six Years of Living Dangerously 2799:Indonesia's Six Years of Living Dangerously 2489:. Princeton University Press. p. 115. 2396:"Dari Abdurrahman Addakhil Menjadi Gus Dur" 1868:2004 legislative and presidential elections 1703: 806:to begin his Muslim education at Tegalrejo 709:Abdurrahman Wahid as a young man, ca. 1960s 4840: 4826: 4601: 4587: 4563: 4479: 4465: 4348:, abolition of the Ministry of Information 3613: 3338:. Tempointeraktif.com (21 September 2006). 3098: 3011: 2421:Handayani, Primastuti (31 December 2009). 1575: 1224:Third term as chairman and the lead-up to 1188:and included Muslim intellectuals such as 50: 6184:Indonesian politicians of Chinese descent 3936:Burhani, Ruslan, ed. (30 December 2009). 3907:"Former President Abdurrahman Wahid Dies" 3810: 3721: 3694: 3329:– Abdurrahman Wahid Siap Saingi Yudhoyono 3289:. Tempointeraktif.com (15 November 2001). 3124: 3101:"A Friend of Israel in the Islamic World" 2984: 2959: 2903: 2842: 2796: 2540:Japan and China in East Asian Integration 2420: 1383: 1292:President Suharto met with Wahid in 1998. 1216:and even accepted an invitation to visit 761:(Raden Rahmat Bong Swie Hoo), one of the 693:Learn how and when to remove this message 6194:Impeached presidents removed from office 3129:. Singapore: Horizon Books. p. 21. 3012:Richardson, Michael (12 November 1999). 2908:. Singapore: Horizon Books. p. 18. 2847:. Singapore: Horizon Books. p. 15. 2032: 1953:In a 2009 dialogue with Buddhist leader 1844: 1671: 1588:and Minister of State Owned Enterprises 1494: 1425:Abdurrahman's first cabinet, dubbed the 1412: 1404: 1341: 1287: 838: 704: 669:Relevant discussion may be found on the 642: 558:organization, he was the founder of the 16:President of Indonesia from 1999 to 2001 3935: 3722:Tashandra, Nabilla (7 September 2017). 3575:"Riwayat Penyakit Gus Dur Dimulai 1985" 2801:. Singapore: Horizon Books. p. 9. 2530: 2510:Lindsey, Tim; Pausacker, Helen (2005). 2503: 2486:Life Among the Anthros and Other Essays 2367: 1776:Abdurrahman Wahid's 23 July 2001 Decree 1595: 1380:and was inaugurated as vice president. 1314:Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle 917:before returning to Indonesia in 1971. 639:, short-form of his name, Abdurrahman. 554:in 2001. A long time leader within the 80:20 October 1999 – 23 July 2001 6111: 5333:Indonesian Islamic Propagation Council 4847: 4219: 4014: 3317:BBC – Major party endorses Wiranto bid 2322:Star of Swa Bhuwana Paksa, 1st Class ( 2286:Star of Kartika Eka Paksi, 1st Class ( 1328:1999 elections and MPR General Session 1013:In 1977, Abdurrahman Wahid joined the 781:Indonesian Declaration of Independence 4821: 4582: 4460: 4073: 4015:Taufik, Muhammad (30 December 2009). 3792:from the original on 28 December 2009 3750:"Gus Dur to undergo dialysis at RSCM" 3194: 1976:Abdurrahman Wahid was an advocate of 1612:Other overtures toward reconciliation 1364:, chairman of Golkar and head of the 1338:1999 Indonesian presidential election 847: 6169:National Awakening Party politicians 5453:Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party 5328:Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah 4196:kepustakaan-presiden.perpusnas.go.id 3996:. The Jakarta Post. 31 December 2009 3811:Ferdianto, Riky (26 December 2009). 3695:Priatmojo, Galih (12 January 2022). 2930:"Summary of Indonesian Human-Rights" 2037:Abdurrahman Wahid's grave in Jombang 1334:1999 Indonesian legislative election 1117:and further strengthening Suharto's 1064: 1033:to the Muslim community in Jombang. 646: 589:means "Servant of Mercy the First". 267: 6209:Indonesian people with disabilities 6189:20th-century Indonesian journalists 3887:from the original on 2 January 2010 3883:(in Indonesian). 30 December 2009. 3788:(in Indonesian). 25 December 2009. 2987:"Dari Secangkir Kopi ke Hawa Nafsu" 2932:. Globalpolicy.org. 31 January 2000 2536: 2167:Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna 2146: 1934:Inside Indonesia's War on Terrorism 1913: 1733:In September, Abdurrahman declared 1728: 1256:July 1997 saw the beginning of the 1182:Ikatan Cendekiawan Muslim Indonesia 13: 4327:- 6 January 2010 (9:49 pm ET) 4213: 3913:. 30 December 2009. Archived from 3851:. 30 December 2009. Archived from 3756:. 26 December 2009. Archived from 3199:. Inside Indonesia. Archived from 1939: 1889:Opposition to Yudhoyono government 1839: 810:(Muslim school). He completed the 623:, a common honorific for a son of 14: 6220: 5681:Operation Tinombala / Madago Raya 4964:Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi 4243: 3780:"Gus Dur Jalani Cuci Darah 5 Jam" 3573:Liputan6.com (31 December 2009). 3375:– Abdurrahman Wahid Official Site 3099:Odenheimer, Micha (7 July 2004). 3050:. 20 October 2000. Archived from 2268:Star of Yudha Dharma, 1st Class ( 2158:Star of the Republic of Indonesia 1992:Abdurrahman Wahid was married to 1896:Koalisi Nusantara Bangkit Bersatu 1396:Inauguration of Abdurrahman Wahid 244:163 cm (5 ft 4 in) 4901: 4562: 4553: 4552: 4539: 4264: 4250: 3640: 2340:Star of Bhayangkara, 1st Class ( 2335: 2317: 2299: 2281: 2263: 2245: 2227: 2209: 2191: 2173: 2152: 2003: 1987: 1780:Impeachment of Abdurrahman Wahid 1271: 1152:" with the secular greeting of " 954:across Java. It was a time when 651: 425: 384: 4406:20 October 1999 – 23 July 2001 4106: 4094: 4067: 4041: 4025:(in Indonesian). Archived from 4008: 3986: 3960: 3938:"Gus Dur died of complications" 3929: 3899: 3867: 3837: 3821:(in Indonesian). Archived from 3804: 3772: 3742: 3715: 3688: 3661: 3634: 3607: 3566: 3540: 3514: 3488: 3472:(in Indonesian). Archived from 3455: 3443: 3424: 3399: 3387: 3368: 3356: 3341: 3322: 3310: 3292: 3273: 3264: 3242: 3233: 3224: 3215: 3188: 3179: 3170: 3161: 3152: 3143: 3118: 3092: 3066: 3036: 3005: 2985:ryi; wis; sal (14 April 2000). 2978: 2953: 2944: 2922: 2897: 2879: 2870: 2861: 2836: 2827: 2790: 2781: 2772: 2763: 2754: 2745: 2736: 2727: 2718: 2709: 2700: 2691: 2682: 2673: 2664: 2655: 2646: 2620: 2611: 2602: 2593: 2584: 2575: 2566: 2329:Bintang Swa Bhuwana Paksa Utama 2293:Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi Utama 2250:Star of Culture Parama Dharma ( 2214:Star of Mahaputera, 3rd Class ( 2196:Star of Mahaputera, 2nd Class ( 2178:Star of Mahaputera, 1st Class ( 2051:Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital 1366:People's Representative Council 1125:project that was funded by the 920: 875:method used by the university. 263: 5686:December 2016 Jakarta protests 5567:Islamic Kingdoms in Indonesia 4101:Ramon Magsaysay Award Awardees 3994:"Farewell cleric of pluralism" 3195:Chang, Yau Hoon (April 2004). 2557: 2473: 2459: 2445: 2414: 2388: 2361: 2080: 1753:Gathering political opposition 1534:. March saw Abdurrahman visit 1084:People's Consultative Assembly 789:Indonesian National Revolution 1: 5338:Indonesian Mujahedeen Council 4365:"Transcript of the Interview" 3813:"Gus Dur Keluhkan Sakit Gigi" 3440:. Abc.net.au (17 April 2002). 2354: 2304:Star of Jalasena, 1st Class ( 2203:Bintang Mahaputera Adipradana 2057:the following day to undergo 1874:national legislative election 1796:At a meeting with university 886:was accused of leading. With 793:Minister of Religious Affairs 627:, and from the short-form of 564:Minister of Religious Affairs 6139:University of Baghdad alumni 6098:National Heroes of Indonesia 6024:Islamic criminal law in Aceh 5553:Spread of Islam in Indonesia 5380:Muslim Students' Association 5133:Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi 3239:Barton (2002), pages 351–352 2833:Barton (2002), pages 288–290 2751:Barton (2002), pages 221–222 2688:Barton (2002), pages 153–154 2652:Barton (2002), pages 133–134 2368:Romi J. (20 November 2020). 2257:Bintang Budaya Parama Dharma 2136:Pantheon-Sorbonne University 884:Communist Party of Indonesia 7: 6164:People from Jombang Regency 6019:Islam Yes, Islamic Party No 3396:. Reverendsunmyungmoon.org. 2185:Bintang Mahaputera Adipurna 1982:Elijah Interfaith Institute 1927:Right Islam vs. Wrong Islam 1770:2001 and removal from power 1606:memorandum of understanding 1570:International Monetary Fund 1243:Indonesian Democratic Party 177:Abdurrahman Wahid Ad-Dakhil 10: 6225: 6199:Deaths from kidney disease 6144:Al-Azhar University alumni 4925:Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari 4280:Gus Dur's official website 2563:Barton (2002), pages 38–40 2275:Bintang Yudha Dharma Utama 2232:Star of Merit, 1st Class ( 2089: 1957:, Abdurrahman Wahid said: 1908:2009 presidential election 1773: 1561:Abdurrahman Wahid admired 1458:People's Republic of China 1393: 1387: 1331: 1206:1992 Legislative Elections 717:, the eighth month of the 20: 6083: 6052: 6006: 5946: 5806:Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran 5698: 5666:Maluku sectarian conflict 5631: 5543: 5536: 5524:Mujahidin Indonesia Timur 5491: 5440: 5295: 5288: 5276:Muhammad Luthfi bin Yahya 5171: 5088: 4917: 4910: 4899: 4855: 4716: 4617: 4548: 4537: 4494: 4447: 4429: 4423: 4418: 4408: 4399: 4391: 4386: 4353:Interview on SBS Dateline 4115:Netanya Academic College. 3380:29 September 2007 at the 3319:. BBC News (26 May 2004). 3285:30 September 2007 at the 3280:– Matori Dipecat dari PKB 2347:Bintang Bhayangkara Utama 2130:), Thammasat University ( 1760:2004 legislative election 1680:who he made Commander of 1645:Israel-Palestine conflict 1280:Formation of PKB and the 1042:Early involvement with NU 1037:Leader of Nahdlatul Ulama 562:(PKB). He was the son of 542:who served as the fourth 414: 406: 392: 380: 359: 331: 308: 288: 277: 248: 240: 230: 216: 199: 172: 167: 163: 151: 139: 128: 120: 108: 96: 84: 73: 65: 61: 49: 42: 5601:Samudera Pasai Sultanate 5483:United Development Party 5473:Prosperous Justice Party 5463:National Awakening Party 5343:Indonesian Ulema Council 4996:Abdus Samad al-Palimbani 4524:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 4432:National Awakening Party 4419:Party political offices 4359:SBS Dateline Documentary 3436:27 February 2010 at the 3334:26 February 2007 at the 2989:. Kompas. Archived from 2797:Conceicao, J.F. (2005). 2221:Bintang Mahaputera Utama 2067:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 2028: 1944:Abdurrahman Wahid said: 1826:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 1704:Buloggate and Bruneigate 1563:Malaysian Prime Minister 1442:United States of America 1262:killing of four students 1055:United Development Party 1015:Hasyim Asyari University 890:commander Major General 560:National Awakening Party 6204:Diabetes-related deaths 6129:Presidents of Indonesia 5558:Ottoman embassy to Aceh 5353:Islamic Defenders Front 5318:Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia 5308:Campus Dakwah Institute 4488:Presidents of Indonesia 3410:. Bloomsbury Academic. 3304:20 October 2004 at the 3270:Barton (2002), page 363 3230:Barton (2002), page 348 3221:Barton (2002), page 352 3185:Barton (2002), page 345 3176:Barton (2002), page 340 3167:Barton (2002), page 320 3158:Barton (2002), page 304 3149:Barton (2002), page 306 3125:Conceicao, J.F (2005). 3076:. Tempo. Archived from 2960:Conceicao, J.F (2005). 2950:Barton (2002), page 302 2904:Conceicao, J.F (2005). 2843:Conceicao, J.F (2005). 2778:Barton (2002), page 275 2769:Barton (2002), page 255 2760:Barton (2002), page 243 2742:Barton (2002), page 203 2733:Barton (2002), page 198 2715:Barton (2002), page 183 2661:Barton (2002), page 136 2617:Barton (2002), page 112 1710:Logistic Affairs Agency 1576:Dismissals of ministers 1490: 1400: 888:Army Strategic Reserves 56:Official portrait, 1999 5651:Tanjung Priok massacre 5509:Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid 5468:National Mandate Party 5246:Muhammad Rizieq Shihab 4438:President of Indonesia 4402:President of Indonesia 3365:. The Wahid Institute. 3074:"Wawancara Nurcholish" 2590:Barton (2002), page 89 2581:Barton (2002), page 88 2572:Barton (2002), page 49 2537:Lim, Hua Sing (2008). 2483:; Fred Inglis (2010). 2423:"Obituary: Why fuss?!" 2345: 2327: 2311:Bintang Jalasena Utama 2309: 2291: 2273: 2255: 2237: 2219: 2201: 2183: 2165: 2038: 2008:Abdurrahman Wahid was 1974: 1964: 1951: 1895: 1819:reshuffled his cabinet 1669: 1503: 1471:Abdurrahman's plan in 1427:National Unity Cabinet 1422: 1410: 1384:Presidency (1999–2001) 1347: 1310:National Mandate Party 1293: 1258:Asian Financial Crisis 1100:involved in politics. 1006:, a classical text of 844: 710: 601: 569:, and the grandson of 544:president of Indonesia 301:Siti Sholehah (mother) 68:President of Indonesia 5358:Liberal Islam Network 5348:Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya 5123:Muhammad Jamil Jambek 5038:Maulana Malik Ibrahim 4633:Abdul Wahab Hasbullah 4519:Megawati Sukarnoputri 4412:Megawati Sukarnoputri 4290:Abdurrahman Institute 4220:Barton, Greg (2002). 3351:Sydney Morning Herald 2706:Barton, pages 165–166 2036: 1969: 1959: 1946: 1845:Schism within the PKB 1821:to shore up support. 1774:Further information: 1672:Relationship with TNI 1649: 1546:before returning via 1498: 1416: 1408: 1345: 1312:(PAN) and Megawati's 1291: 1239:Megawati Sukarnoputri 900:University of Baghdad 880:30 September Movement 842: 816:Pesantren Tambakberas 708: 643:Early life and family 351:University of Baghdad 115:Megawati Sukarnoputri 92:Megawati Sukarnoputri 6093:History of Indonesia 6088:Mosques in Indonesia 5616:Yogyakarta Sultanate 5181:Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif 5118:Tahir bin Jalaluddin 5103:Abdul Karim Amrullah 4300:LibForAll Foundation 3024:on 21 September 2011 2350:) (23 February 2001) 2332:) (23 February 2001) 2314:) (23 February 2001) 2296:) (23 February 2001) 2278:) (23 February 2001) 2260:) (23 February 2001) 2242:) (23 February 2001) 2188:) (23 February 2001) 2170:) (23 February 2001) 1810:Yusril Ihza Mahendra 1678:Agus Wirahadikusumah 1596:Negotiations in Aceh 1512:World Economic Forum 1501:World Economic Forum 1214:inter-faith dialogue 1148:Muslim greeting of " 824:affiliated with the 662:factual accuracy is 345:Islamic studies 5656:Talangsari incident 5448:Crescent Star Party 5206:Abdullah Gymnastiar 4804:Yahya Cholil Staquf 3917:on 31 December 2009 3825:on 27 December 2009 3363:The Wahid Institute 3197:"How to be Chinese" 2116:Sun Moon University 2013:deteriorate due to 1978:interfaith dialogue 1851:Matori Abdul Djalil 1266:Trisakti University 854:Al Azhar University 834:Majalah Budaya Jaya 772:was the founder of 759:Sunan Ngampel-Denta 737:He was named after 631:('handsome lad' in 552:removed from office 341:Al-Azhar University 6134:Indonesian Muslims 5661:Insurgency in Aceh 5581:Kingdom of Kaimana 5363:Majelis Rasulullah 5143:Sulaiman ar-Rasuli 5075:Burhanuddin Ulakan 4979:Tuanku Imam Bonjol 4954:Yusuf al-Makassari 4849:Islam in Indonesia 4387:Political offices 4325:Opinionjournal.com 4295:Erdal Can Alkoçlar 4285:Jaringan Gusdurian 3974:on 4 November 2012 3054:on 21 January 2010 3018:The New York Times 2239:Bintang Jasa Utama 2224:) (13 August 1998) 2206:) (17 August 1998) 2039: 1830:State of Emergency 1814:Nur Mahmudi Ismail 1602:Free Aceh Movement 1504: 1436:member countries, 1423: 1411: 1348: 1294: 848:Overseas education 845: 731:Abdul Wahid Hasyim 711: 6149:Blind politicians 6106: 6105: 5997:Tafsir Al-Mishbah 5694: 5693: 5646:Petition of Fifty 5606:Ternate Sultanate 5596:Mataram Sultanate 5591:Malacca Sultanate 5532: 5531: 5441:Political parties 5427:Sumatera Thawalib 5417:Rabithah Alawiyah 5284: 5283: 5271:Abdurrahman Wahid 5226:Nurcholish Madjid 5065:Ali Mughayat Syah 5060:Abdurrauf Singkil 5033:Sunan Gunung Jati 4969:Abdullah al-Misri 4937:Nawawi al-Bantani 4815: 4814: 4780:Abdurrahman Wahid 4576: 4575: 4514:Abdurrahman Wahid 4455: 4454: 4448:Succeeded by 4409:Succeeded by 4235:978-0-86840-405-9 4029:on 3 January 2010 3948:on 8 October 2011 3760:on 1 January 2010 3620:Koran-Jakarta.com 3476:on 3 January 2010 3417:978-1-78453-091-4 2993:on 18 August 2006 2891:New Straits Times 2867:Barton, pages 293 2824:Barton, pages 290 2787:Barton, pages 281 2496:978-0-691-14358-3 2402:on 1 January 2010 2023:sleeping disorder 2010:visually impaired 1998:Yenny Abdurrahman 1743:Morning Star flag 1641:Nurcholish Madjid 1590:Laksamana Sukardi 1475:was to give it a 1220:in October 1994. 1194:Nurcholish Madjid 1065:Reformation of NU 927:McGill University 907:Leiden University 743:Umayyad Caliphate 703: 702: 695: 587:Abdurrahman Wahid 579:visual impairment 421:Abdurrahman Wahid 418: 417: 194:Dutch East Indies 44:Abdurrahman Wahid 6216: 6075:Central Sulawesi 5917: 5900: 5873: 5861: 5770: 5729:Babad Tanah Jawi 5611:Tidore Sultanate 5541: 5540: 5514:Jamaah Islamiyah 5432:Wahdah Islamiyah 5402:Nahdlatul Wathan 5293: 5292: 5261:Said Aqil Siradj 5191:Abu Bakar Bashir 5004: 4945: 4933: 4915: 4914: 4905: 4842: 4835: 4828: 4819: 4818: 4808: 4800: 4796:Said Aqil Siradj 4792: 4784: 4776: 4768: 4760: 4752: 4744: 4736: 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4912: 4908: 4907: 4900: 4898: 4896: 4895: 4894: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4877:Old divisions 4875: 4870: 4865: 4859: 4857: 4853: 4852: 4845: 4844: 4837: 4830: 4822: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4809: 4807:(2021–present) 4801: 4793: 4785: 4777: 4769: 4761: 4753: 4745: 4737: 4729: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4710: 4708:(2018–present) 4702: 4694: 4686: 4678: 4670: 4662: 4654: 4646: 4641:Bisri Syansuri 4638: 4630: 4625:Hasyim Asy'ari 4621: 4619: 4615: 4614: 4606: 4605: 4598: 4591: 4583: 4574: 4573: 4571: 4570: 4560: 4549: 4546: 4545: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4495: 4492: 4491: 4484: 4483: 4476: 4469: 4461: 4453: 4452: 4449: 4446: 4428: 4425: 4421: 4420: 4416: 4415: 4410: 4407: 4398: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4382: 4381: 4361: 4354: 4351: 4350: 4349: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4321:Paul Wolfowitz 4314: 4310:The Australian 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4276: 4275: 4261: 4245: 4244:External links 4242: 4241: 4240: 4234: 4215: 4212: 4209: 4208: 4164: 4155:|website= 4117: 4105: 4093: 4066: 4040: 4007: 3985: 3959: 3928: 3898: 3866: 3855:on 7 June 2011 3836: 3803: 3771: 3741: 3714: 3687: 3660: 3647:Tribunnews.com 3633: 3606: 3565: 3552:Planet Merdeka 3539: 3513: 3487: 3454: 3442: 3423: 3416: 3398: 3386: 3367: 3355: 3340: 3321: 3309: 3291: 3272: 3263: 3241: 3232: 3223: 3214: 3187: 3178: 3169: 3160: 3151: 3142: 3135: 3117: 3091: 3065: 3035: 3004: 2977: 2970: 2952: 2943: 2921: 2914: 2896: 2878: 2869: 2860: 2853: 2835: 2826: 2814: 2807: 2789: 2780: 2771: 2762: 2753: 2744: 2735: 2726: 2717: 2708: 2699: 2690: 2681: 2672: 2663: 2654: 2645: 2619: 2610: 2601: 2592: 2583: 2574: 2565: 2556: 2549: 2529: 2522: 2502: 2495: 2472: 2458: 2444: 2413: 2387: 2374:bertuahpos.com 2359: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2352: 2351: 2333: 2315: 2297: 2279: 2261: 2243: 2225: 2207: 2189: 2171: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2143: 2100: 2091: 2088: 2082: 2079: 2030: 2027: 2005: 2002: 1989: 1986: 1941: 1938: 1915: 1912: 1899:). Along with 1890: 1887: 1869: 1866: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1771: 1768: 1754: 1751: 1747:terror attacks 1730: 1727: 1721: 1718: 1705: 1702: 1673: 1670: 1613: 1610: 1597: 1594: 1577: 1574: 1510:to attend the 1492: 1489: 1402: 1399: 1388:Main article: 1385: 1382: 1329: 1326: 1285: 1278: 1276: 1270: 1228: 1222: 1169: 1166: 1105: 1102: 1066: 1063: 1059:Benny Moerdani 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1004:Kitab al-Hikam 922: 919: 849: 846: 770:Hasyim Asy'ari 701: 700: 683:September 2014 659: 657: 650: 644: 641: 575:Hasyim Asy'ari 571:Nahdatul Ulama 416: 415: 412: 411: 408: 404: 403: 394: 390: 389: 382: 378: 377: 375: 374: 369: 363: 361: 357: 356: 354: 353: 348: 337: 335: 329: 328: 326: 325: 319: 316:Hasyim Asy'ari 312: 310: 306: 305: 303: 302: 299: 292: 290: 286: 285: 279: 275: 274: 259: 253: 252: 250: 246: 245: 242: 238: 237: 232: 228: 227: 218: 214: 213: 207:(aged 69) 201: 197: 196: 176: 174: 170: 169: 165: 164: 161: 160: 155: 149: 148: 143: 137: 136: 126: 125: 118: 117: 112: 106: 105: 100: 94: 93: 90: 87:Vice President 82: 81: 71: 70: 63: 62: 59: 58: 55: 47: 46: 43: 25:, there is no 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6221: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6116: 6114: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6085: 6082: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6051: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6011: 6009: 6005: 5999: 5998: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5956: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5945: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5923: 5919: 5915: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5898: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5877:Tabligh Akbar 5875: 5871: 5866: 5863: 5859: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5833: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5800: 5797: 5796: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5768: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5737: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5713: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5697: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5630: 5624: 5621: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5568: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5550: 5548: 5542: 5539: 5535: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5490: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5458:Masyumi Party 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5439: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5422:Sarekat Islam 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5387: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5296:Civil society 5294: 5291: 5289:Organizations 5287: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5221:Kartosoewirjo 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5170: 5164: 5163:Tjokroaminoto 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5148:Mohammad Roem 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5091:Awakening era 5087: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5010: 5009: 5006: 5002: 4997: 4994: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4976: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4943: 4938: 4935: 4931: 4926: 4923: 4922: 4920: 4916: 4913: 4911:Major figures 4909: 4904: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4878: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4860: 4858: 4854: 4850: 4843: 4838: 4836: 4831: 4829: 4824: 4823: 4820: 4805: 4802: 4797: 4794: 4789: 4788:Hasyim Muzadi 4786: 4781: 4778: 4773: 4770: 4765: 4762: 4757: 4754: 4749: 4748:Nahrawi Tahir 4746: 4741: 4738: 4733: 4730: 4725: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4715: 4706: 4703: 4698: 4695: 4690: 4689:Mustofa Bisri 4687: 4682: 4681:Sahal Mahfudh 4679: 4674: 4671: 4666: 4663: 4658: 4657:Ahmad Shiddiq 4655: 4650: 4647: 4642: 4639: 4634: 4631: 4626: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4604: 4599: 4597: 4592: 4590: 4585: 4584: 4581: 4569: 4561: 4559: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4542: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4509:B. J. Habibie 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4496: 4493: 4489: 4482: 4477: 4475: 4470: 4468: 4463: 4462: 4459: 4444: 4440: 4439: 4433: 4422: 4417: 4413: 4404: 4403: 4396: 4395:B. J. Habibie 4390: 4385: 4370: 4366: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4356: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4277: 4273: 4262: 4259: 4248: 4237: 4231: 4226: 4225: 4218: 4217: 4197: 4193: 4187: 4185: 4183: 4181: 4179: 4177: 4175: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4160: 4148: 4129: 4128: 4121: 4114: 4109: 4103:rmaward.asia. 4102: 4097: 4081: 4077: 4070: 4054: 4050: 4044: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4018: 4011: 3995: 3989: 3973: 3969: 3963: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3932: 3916: 3912: 3911:Jakarta Globe 3908: 3902: 3886: 3882: 3881: 3876: 3870: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3840: 3824: 3820: 3819: 3814: 3807: 3791: 3787: 3786: 3781: 3775: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3729: 3725: 3718: 3702: 3698: 3691: 3675: 3671: 3664: 3648: 3644: 3637: 3621: 3617: 3610: 3602: 3596: 3580: 3576: 3569: 3553: 3549: 3543: 3527: 3523: 3517: 3501: 3497: 3491: 3475: 3471: 3470: 3465: 3458: 3451: 3446: 3439: 3435: 3432: 3427: 3419: 3413: 3409: 3402: 3395: 3390: 3384:. Gusdur.net. 3383: 3379: 3376: 3371: 3364: 3359: 3353:17 March 2008 3352: 3349: 3344: 3337: 3333: 3330: 3325: 3318: 3313: 3307: 3303: 3300: 3295: 3288: 3284: 3281: 3276: 3267: 3253: 3252: 3245: 3236: 3227: 3218: 3202: 3198: 3191: 3182: 3173: 3164: 3155: 3146: 3138: 3136:981-05-2307-6 3132: 3128: 3121: 3106: 3102: 3095: 3079: 3075: 3069: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3039: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3008: 2992: 2988: 2981: 2973: 2971:981-05-2307-6 2967: 2963: 2956: 2947: 2931: 2925: 2917: 2915:981-05-2307-6 2911: 2907: 2900: 2892: 2888: 2882: 2873: 2864: 2856: 2854:981-05-2307-6 2850: 2846: 2839: 2830: 2821: 2819: 2810: 2808:981-05-2307-6 2804: 2800: 2793: 2784: 2775: 2766: 2757: 2748: 2739: 2730: 2721: 2712: 2703: 2694: 2685: 2676: 2667: 2658: 2649: 2633: 2629: 2623: 2614: 2605: 2596: 2587: 2578: 2569: 2560: 2552: 2550:9789812307446 2546: 2542: 2541: 2533: 2525: 2523:9789812303035 2519: 2515: 2514: 2506: 2498: 2492: 2488: 2487: 2482: 2476: 2468: 2462: 2454: 2448: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2417: 2401: 2397: 2391: 2375: 2371: 2364: 2360: 2349: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2334: 2331: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2307: 2302: 2298: 2295: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2262: 2259: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2208: 2205: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2190: 2187: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2172: 2169: 2168: 2163: 2160:, 1st Class ( 2159: 2155: 2151: 2150: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2098: 2094: 2093: 2087: 2078: 2076: 2072: 2071:state funeral 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2045:(situated in 2044: 2035: 2026: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2011: 2004:Health issues 2001: 1999: 1995: 1994:Sinta Nuriyah 1988:Personal life 1985: 1983: 1979: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1956: 1955:Daisaku Ikeda 1950: 1945: 1937: 1935: 1930: 1928: 1923: 1919: 1911: 1909: 1904: 1902: 1897: 1886: 1884: 1880: 1875: 1865: 1863: 1857: 1852: 1837: 1835: 1834:show of force 1831: 1827: 1822: 1820: 1815: 1811: 1806: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1792: 1787: 1781: 1777: 1767: 1765: 1761: 1750: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1739:Fuad Bawazier 1736: 1726: 1717: 1715: 1711: 1701: 1698: 1694: 1689: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1668: 1666: 1662: 1659:owned or had 1658: 1654: 1648: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1619: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1573: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1502: 1497: 1488: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1469: 1467: 1461: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1430: 1428: 1420: 1415: 1407: 1397: 1391: 1381: 1379: 1375: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1362:Akbar Tanjung 1357: 1354: 1344: 1339: 1335: 1325: 1323: 1317: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1290: 1283: 1274: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1254: 1252: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1235: 1227: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1165: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1101: 1098: 1094: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1077: 1073: 1062: 1060: 1056: 1051: 1049: 1034: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1011: 1009: 1005: 1001: 995: 993: 992: 987: 986: 980: 978: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 952: 947: 943: 937: 932: 928: 918: 916: 912: 908: 903: 901: 896: 893: 889: 885: 881: 876: 874: 873:rote learning 870: 865: 863: 859: 855: 841: 837: 835: 831: 827: 823: 822: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 777: 775: 771: 766: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 735: 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 707: 697: 694: 686: 676: 672: 666: 665: 658: 649: 648: 640: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 617: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 590: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 565: 561: 557: 553: 550:until he was 549: 545: 541: 538: 534: 527: 518: 514: 511: 507: 506: 488: 481: 422: 413: 409: 405: 401: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 373: 370: 368: 365: 364: 362: 358: 352: 349: 346: 342: 339: 338: 336: 334: 330: 323: 320: 318:(grandfather) 317: 314: 313: 311: 307: 300: 297: 294: 293: 291: 287: 284: 281:4, including 280: 276: 256: 255:Sinta Nuriyah 251: 247: 243: 239: 236: 233: 229: 226: 222: 219: 217:Resting place 215: 211: 202: 198: 195: 191: 175: 171: 166: 162: 159: 158:Hasyim Muzadi 156: 150: 147: 144: 138: 132: 127: 124: 119: 116: 113: 107: 104: 103:B. J. Habibie 101: 95: 91: 88: 83: 77: 72: 69: 64: 60: 53: 48: 41: 36: 32: 28: 24: 19: 6179:Wahid family 6065:West Sumatra 5995: 5971:Kitab kuning 5966:Jamiat Kheir 5953: 5920: 5830: 5727: 5711:Architecture 5634:independence 5546:independence 5519:Laskar Jihad 5368:Muhammadiyah 5313:Hidayatullah 5270: 5216:Wahid Hasyim 5196:Idham Chalid 5174:independence 5138:Haji Misbach 5113:Ahmad Dahlan 5023:Sunan Drajat 5018:Sunan Bonang 4959:Malikussaleh 4779: 4772:Idham Chalid 4756:Wahid Hasyim 4673:Ilyas Ruhiat 4513: 4430: 4400: 4373:. Retrieved 4369:the original 4308: 4223: 4199:. Retrieved 4195: 4135:. Retrieved 4126: 4120: 4108: 4096: 4086:25 September 4084:. Retrieved 4079: 4069: 4059:25 September 4057:. Retrieved 4052: 4043: 4031:. Retrieved 4027:the original 4020: 4010: 3998:. Retrieved 3988: 3976:. Retrieved 3972:the original 3962: 3950:. Retrieved 3946:the original 3931: 3919:. Retrieved 3915:the original 3910: 3901: 3889:. Retrieved 3878: 3869: 3857:. 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