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138:, but does not adhere to it. In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
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192:(aka floral tube), which is a structure where basal portions of the calyx, the corolla, and the stamens unite with the receptacle to form a cup-shaped tube.
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374:) disperses in the wind, either as single achenes or as the entire aggregate of achenes. The achenes have long hairy appendages that developed from the
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is also so similar to an achene that it is often considered to be one, although it derives from a compound inferior ovary (with one
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is a type of fruit that closely resembles an achene, but differs in that the pericarp is fused to the thin seed coat in the grain.
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278:). A special term for the Asteraceae fruit is cypsela (plural cypselae or cypselas). For example, the white-gray husks of a
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Some achenes have accessory hair-like structures that cause them to tumble in the wind in a manner similar to a
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showing 4 stages of inflorescence, with two reddish-brown flower heads containing cypselas
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with an aggregate of achenes on its outer surface, and what is eaten is accessory tissue.
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A microscopic view of a dandelion "clock" showing the receptacle and the cypselas.
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are sometimes considered achenes although their one-locule ovary is a compound
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produces an aggregate of achene fruits that are encompassed within an expanded
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509:(Second ed.). Spring Lake, Utah: Spring Lake Publishing. p.
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282:"seed" are the walls of the cypsela fruit. Many cypselas (e.g.
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is like an achene, but the fruit is bladder-like or inflated.
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130:(they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single
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are sometimes mistaken for seeds. The strawberry is an
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215:. This type sometimes is called a tumble fruit or
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501:Harris, James G.; Harris, Melinda Woolf (2001).
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315:) can disperse in the wind due to the hair-like
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122:. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one
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311:Cypselae on a dandelion "clock" (the matured
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350:are achenes with large wing-like structures.
26:hypanthium encircling separate achene fruits
408:flower head containing cypselas forming as
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478:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905).
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102: 'to gape'), also sometimes called
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16:Class of simple non-opening dry fruits
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490:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
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290:tissue attached that functions in
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487:New International Encyclopedia
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118:produced by many species of
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114:, is a type of simple dry
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439:Oxford English Dictionary
319:tissue above each ovary.
270:The fruit of the family
200:A winged achene, as in
536:Kahle/Austin Foundation
444:Oxford University Press
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134:that nearly fills the
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170:are typical achenes.
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690:Categories of fruits
292:biological dispersal
442:(Online ed.).
406:Coreopsis tinctoria
391:Coreopsis tinctoria
173:The achenes of the
553:Botanical Glossary
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222:Anemone virginiana
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457:(Subscription or
348:Acer buergerianum
219:. An example is
106:and occasionally
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764:Fruit morphology
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481:"Achene"
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531:– via
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743:Drift fruit
614:Hesperidium
261:Cypsela of
128:indehiscent
60:; from
671:Schizocarp
461:required.)
418:References
368:Pulsatilla
272:Asteraceae
246:Fruits of
213:tumbleweed
196:Variations
190:hypanthium
175:strawberry
112:achenocarp
631:Caryopsis
588:Types of
313:capitulum
284:dandelion
280:sunflower
230:caryopsis
152:buckwheat
148:buttercup
83:privative
758:Category
738:Diaspore
731:Function
681:Syconium
641:Follicle
529:45951032
433:"achene"
370:(family
364:diaspore
217:diaspore
168:cannabis
164:amaranth
142:Examples
136:pericarp
108:achenium
97:khaínein
676:Silique
626:Capsule
449:30 July
410:florets
344:Samaras
298:Gallery
286:) have
241:utricle
156:caraway
90:χαίνειν
81: '
666:Samara
651:Loment
646:Legume
604:Achene
590:fruits
527:
517:
276:locule
264:Cynara
248:sedges
206:samara
166:, and
160:quinoa
126:) and
124:carpel
32:achene
636:Drupe
609:Berry
455:
376:style
317:calyx
288:calyx
252:ovary
234:grain
202:maple
116:fruit
104:akene
64:
661:Pome
619:Pepo
525:OCLC
515:ISBN
451:2018
362:The
186:rose
132:seed
24:Rosa
656:Nut
511:131
366:of
346:of
239:An
232:or
110:or
30:An
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76:a
73:(
69:ἀ
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53:n
47:k
44:ˈ
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38:/
34:(
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