154:
1431:
unwilling to risk damage which would jeopardise their mission. Sercey's orders were to raid
British trade routes, not to engage heavy warships and suffer the consequent damage: the battle severely curtailed his opportunities to prey on British merchant shipping in the East Indies during 1796. Lucas sought to block Sercey's passage through the Malacca Straits, but was aware that his ships, though large and powerful, were outnumbered and outgunned in the engagement, particularly given the size of the main French line, composed of ships with batteries of
1098:
1055:
139:
42:
1326:
1292:
1258:
1224:
1190:
1144:
48:
709:'s captain was unable to warn any allied ships as his small frigate was the only British warship in the Bay of Bengal, and so he instead arranged for false information to be passed to Sercey regarding a fictional British battle squadron at Madras. This was sufficient to deter Sercey from lingering in the area, and after a raiding sweep along the coast to
620:
on 18 June, the agents were confronted by a large body of heavily armed militia opposed to the abolition of slavery. Although they ordered
Magallon to attack the islanders, the general refused and the agents were sent back to sea in a small corvette, eventually returning to Europe. Sercey remained in
1430:
as neither side could achieve a decisive result. Parkinson is also scathing of his criticism of both Clark and Waller, accusing them of failing to properly to prepare for battle or effectively manoeuvre their ship under fire. During the battle neither side had actually sought a decisive result, both
798:
determined that the approaching ships were
British ships of the line and Sercey turned away, unwilling to risk suffering severe damage in a pointless engagement with two such powerful opponents. Sercey's squadron attempted to seek shelter in coastal waters, closely pursued by Lucas' ships; by 21:30
446:
Although the
British ships were substantially larger than any individual French vessel, the frigates were more numerous and more manoeuvrable. Neither side could afford to take significant damage in the battle, so each sought to drive the other off rather than achieve an outright victory. On 9
802:
By the morning of 9 September the wind had dropped and the French frigates were sailing in line slowly eastwards along the northern coast of
Sumatra, the British ships close behind. With battle inevitable, Sercey gave orders at 06:00 for his line to put about and seize the
780:
Lucas first sighted the French at 06:00 on 8 September, approximately 24 nautical miles (44 km) east of Point Pedro, the northeastern tip of
Sumatra. By 10:00 Sercey had determined that the new arrivals were probably hostile and formed his frigates into a
240:
789:
to investigate. Lucas and Clark conferred at 14:00, Clark believing that two of the ships were French ships of the line while Lucas correctly insisted that they were six frigates, accompanied by the captured East
Indiaman
897:
was soon surrounded by the French, with two frigates on the port bow and four on the port beam, all firing into the ship of the line from approximately 900 yards (820 m). By 10:15, when the wind suddenly returned,
1423:, where Sercey hoped the supply depots would provide more support than those on Île de France. The squadron remained at Batavia throughout the winter, ceding control of the Indian Ocean trade routes to the British.
1831:
597:. The agricultural economy of the island depended on slavery to remain profitable, and the colonial committee had simply ignored the decree when it first arrived in 1795. The matter was then taken up by the
233:
1750:
226:
1826:
1091:
1048:
761:
750:
589:
in the South
Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean. The squadron had not been dispatched primarily to increase the French military presence in the East Indies, but rather to enforce the
1368:
which bore the brunt of the French attack, suffered 17 killed and 57 wounded, the latter including Clark. Neither
British ship was in sufficient repair to continue the engagement;
1419:. There his ships underwent extensive repairs, some even replacing their lower masts. In October the squadron swept eastwards to the Ceylon coast before turning back west towards
1411:
under tow, leading the damaged ship back to Penang and then Madras for repairs, arriving on 6 October. Sercey abandoned plans for an attack on Penang and sailed northwards to
1388:
was hit by heavy fire later in the battle and lost 62 dead and wounded, with the captain among the former. The remainder of the squadron suffered lighter losses, with 12 on
610:
764:. These ships had been sent to the East Indies from the Cape at the start of August on orders from Elphinstone and were engaged in protecting British trade with
1443:
considers that had the winds been more favourable Lucas might have been able to cut off and capture at least two French frigates, but had Sercey attempted a
429:. On 8 September, while the French were removing supplies from a captured British merchant ship east of Banda Aceh, two large sails were spotted. These were
250:
511:
periodically operated against
British trade. The British were so confident of supremacy that they had split their forces, with a large squadron based at
1376:
was less badly damaged, but had more than one in five of the crew unfit for duty. All of the French ships suffered damage and casualties, although
921:
had taken early in the combat rendered Lhermitte unable to continue the action, and his ship gradually fell out of the line to the south. Captain
524:
873:
was also hit, Captain Clark forced to retire wounded after being struck in the thigh by debris at 08:00. At 08:30 the rearmost French ship,
971:
carried aboard. Broadside weight records the combined weight of shot which could be fired in a single simultaneous discharge of an entire
945:
slowly coming back into range, Sercey ordered his squadron to turn away to the north at 10:55, the last shots fired at long range from
86:
1277:
636:
326:
391:, and posed a considerable threat to the weakened British naval forces in the region. The British force consisted of two 74-gun
621:
the East Indies, refitting his ships and joining his squadron to that already at Île de France. This force he divided, sending
1797:
276:
768:. When news reached Penang that Sercey was in the region, Lucas ordered Clark to join him in a search for the French in the
417:
before sailing eastwards. Its movement had so far been unopposed, as British forces in the East Indies were concentrated at
914:
took further damage for the next half-hour, the French ships remaining outside the arcs of fire from the British ship.
1349:
conflates figures for broadside weight, crews and casualties. Crew and casualty details from James, pp. 353–354.
739:
from the prize, two large sails appeared in the distance to the northeast. These sails belonged to the 74-gun British
602:
1739:
1717:
1319:
1285:
694:
made the miscalculation of attacking a ship on 14 August which turned out to be the 28-gun British dispatch frigate
562:
402:
172:
459:
and inflicting damage on each while preventing them from supporting one another. The French frigates, particularly
606:
1727:
1440:
964:
1243:
660:
443:, sent to drive off the French before they could attack the scattered British shipping and ports in the region.
1311:
1137:
820:
654:
623:
570:
425:
in the east. After raiding the shipping at Banda Aceh on 1 September the squadron sailed eastwards to attack
555:
550:
On 4 March 1796 significant French reinforcements were dispatched when a squadron of four frigates and two
520:
301:
963:
carried by the ship, including the maindeck guns which were taken into consideration when calculating its
1821:
1209:
1129:
705:
the British captors discovered documents revealing the exact extent of Sercey's strength and intentions.
642:
598:
580:
460:
296:
271:
1816:
1217:
585:, the squadron enjoyed unimpeded progress, seizing several British and Portuguese ships, including two
504:
406:
331:
1251:
922:
218:
376:
291:
257:
32:
1447:
against the ships of the line his more numerous crews would probably have successfully seized them.
159:
1752:
Campagnes, thriomphes, revers, désastres et guerres civiles des Français de 1792 à la paix de 1856
1790:
Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 1 1671 - 1870
1768:
1427:
286:
1082:
794:. The captains agreed to pursue the French and bring them to battle when possible. At 14:30,
754:
437:
321:
144:
1705:
1432:
1346:
695:
336:
311:
281:
881:
leaving the ship isolated. With Lucas unable to participate, Lieutenant William Waller on
8:
1039:
743:
732:
720:, capturing a number of merchant ships and on 7 September seized the small merchant ship
590:
495:
At the start of 1796 French and allied forces had been almost completely driven from the
430:
426:
1416:
769:
628:
480:
503:
falling to British invasions during 1795. The only significant French presence was on
1793:
1776:
1756:
1735:
1713:
972:
816:
786:
740:
528:
500:
392:
388:
194:
471:, also suffered, and by late morning both sides disengaged, the British retiring to
341:
1403:
Lucas and Clark remained off Sumatra until basic repairs could be completed before
1179:
1171:
648:
467:
384:
1755:(in French). Vol. 5. Paris: Librairie Populaire des Villes et des Campagnes.
1444:
547:
were largely undefended, as were the valuable trade routes which supported them.
512:
418:
1364:
had been damaged early in the battle and lost seven killed and 27 wounded while
885:
assumed command and ordered his ship to engage the French at 08:40, a string of
682:
Sercey was unaware of how scattered British forces were in the region, and sent
930:
828:
782:
448:
316:
815:
at the range of 700 yards (640 m). The British ship was able to fire two
609:
to ensure the ruling was carried out, supported by 800 soldiers under General
1810:
1760:
676:
566:
559:
399:
101:
88:
1780:
886:
811:
on a path to intercept. At 07:25 Lucas opened fire on the lead French ship
804:
765:
496:
41:
1325:
1291:
1257:
1223:
1189:
1143:
907:
575:
was forced to return to port after running aground. After resupplying at
516:
360:
47:
799:
the British were just 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) behind the French.
1412:
1372:
had several cannon dismounted and her sails and rigging were tattered.
1097:
1054:
717:
710:
617:
476:
414:
372:
364:
248:
80:
1832:
Naval battles of the French Revolutionary Wars involving Great Britain
395:
hastily paired to oppose the eastward advance of the French squadron.
968:
666:
1710:
The Royal Navy, A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, Volume IV
1426:
The action has been described as inconclusive by British historian
1420:
902:
had been badly damaged. Using the wind to turn towards the distant
867:
temporarily unmaneuverable as the winds dropped almost completely.
669:
586:
576:
551:
536:
484:
387:
against British trade routes passing through captured parts of the
380:
835:
then progressively came under fire from the whole French line, as
725:
594:
532:
508:
422:
368:
188:
76:
1827:
Naval battles of the French Revolutionary Wars involving France
960:
687:
544:
540:
472:
410:
507:
and a few other nearby islands, from which a squadron of two
565:. Both corvettes were lost before the squadron had left the
736:
855:
joining the fusillade. During this exchange of fire both
359:
was an inconclusive minor naval engagement between small
827:
could reply, the first French volley snatching away the
1732:
The Naval History of Great Britain, Volume 1, 1793–1796
1014:
1009:
1002:
987:
982:
906:, Waller exposed his ship's stern and was repeatedly
735:. The following morning, as his squadron transferred
997:
992:
499:, with most of the colonies of the French-allied
1808:
1439:, one of the most massive frigates then at sea.
863:suffered damage to their sails and rigging, the
675:, Sercey took eastwards on 14 July, towards the
54:Map of East Indies. Site of battle marked in red
150:
686:to scout ahead after the squadron arrived off
523:and a smaller dispersed force operating under
1748:
1384:was damaged early on and took 24 casualties,
234:
1124:
241:
227:
1767:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1569:
1567:
713:his squadron sailed eastwards once more.
631:. The remaining six frigates, comprising
1775:. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd.
1674:
1672:
1670:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1156:
1151:
1031:
1026:
1021:
135:
16:Anglo-French naval battle off of Sumatra
1344:
1809:
1704:
1681:
1658:
1644:
1635:
1576:
1564:
1537:
475:for repairs, while Sercey anchored at
1787:
1726:
1667:
1621:
1609:
1597:
1585:
1555:
1546:
1456:
1380:reported no losses in the aftermath.
910:. The winds remained unreliable, and
593:'s decree that Île de France abolish
579:and joining with replacement frigate
447:September Sercey's frigates formed a
222:
1773:War in the Eastern Seas, 1793 – 1815
1528:
1519:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
959:In this table, "Guns" refers to all
952:
379:. The French squadron comprised six
13:
937:and take the ship under tow. With
398:The French squadron, commanded by
14:
1843:
1734:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
1360:Losses on both sides were heavy.
1286:Jean-Baptiste Philibert Willaumez
535:. The important trading ports of
1749:Ladimir, F.; Moreau, E. (1856).
1324:
1290:
1256:
1222:
1188:
1142:
1096:
1053:
531:, based at the captured port of
152:
137:
46:
40:
1698:
893:unreadable in the light winds.
1712:. London: Chatham Publishing.
1138:Jean-Matthieu-Adrien Lhermitte
731:to attack the British port of
724:off the northeastern coast of
563:Pierre César Charles de Sercey
451:, successfully engaging first
403:Pierre César Charles de Sercey
173:Pierre César Charles de Sercey
1:
1450:
1345:Source: Clowes, p. 503.
979:
716:On 1 September Sercey raided
627:and a corvette to patrol the
490:
1355:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1323:
1320:Charles René Magon de Médine
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1289:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1255:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1221:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1187:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1148:
1141:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1105:
1102:
1095:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1062:
1059:
1052:
521:Sir George Keith Elphinstone
7:
1788:Roche, Jean-Michel (2005).
1153:1,700 lb (770 kg)
599:Committee for Public Safety
483:, eventually sheltering in
367:squadrons off northwestern
10:
1848:
1343:
1317:
1310:
1309:
1283:
1276:
1275:
1249:
1242:
1241:
1218:Hubert Le Loup de Beaulieu
1215:
1208:
1207:
1177:
1170:
1169:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1089:
1081:
1080:
1046:
1038:
1037:
1020:
981:
357:action of 9 September 1796
26:Action of 9 September 1796
1107:838 lb (380 kg)
1064:838 lb (380 kg)
877:, passed out of range of
847:passed, the more distant
775:
519:of Southern Africa under
377:French Revolutionary Wars
267:
259:French Revolutionary Wars
200:
181:
166:
129:
58:
38:
33:French Revolutionary Wars
30:
25:
409:in July and cruised off
1769:Parkinson, C. Northcote
1252:Pierre Julien Tréhouart
923:Pierre Julien Tréhouart
611:François-Louis Magallon
405:, had left its base on
1428:C. Northcote Parkinson
167:Commanders and leaders
1706:Clowes, William Laird
1178:Captain Latour
558:under the command of
201:Casualties and losses
1792:(in French). Roche.
1433:18-pounder long guns
601:, which sent agents
690:. Captain Drieu of
591:National Convention
252:East Indies theatre
98: /
1822:History of Sumatra
1417:Mergui Archipelago
770:Straits of Malacca
629:Mozambique Channel
481:Mergui Archipelago
66:8–9 September 1796
1817:Conflicts in 1796
1799:978-2-9525917-0-6
1353:
1352:
1154:
1108:
1065:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
977:
967:, as well as any
953:Combatant summary
741:ships of the line
529:Dutch East Indies
501:Batavian Republic
393:ships of the line
389:Dutch East Indies
350:
349:
217:
216:
195:ships of the line
125:
124:
1839:
1803:
1784:
1764:
1745:
1723:
1693:
1692:Parkinson, p.104
1690:
1679:
1676:
1665:
1662:
1656:
1655:Parkinson, p.105
1653:
1642:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1619:
1616:
1607:
1604:
1595:
1592:
1583:
1582:Parkinson, p.102
1580:
1574:
1573:Parkinson, p.101
1571:
1562:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1544:
1543:Parkinson, p.100
1541:
1535:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1328:
1294:
1260:
1226:
1192:
1184:
1152:
1146:
1106:
1100:
1063:
1057:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1015:
1010:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
980:
957:
929:away too, using
807:while Lucas led
421:in the west and
385:commerce raiding
332:28 February 1799
262:
260:
253:
243:
236:
229:
220:
219:
162:
158:
156:
155:
147:
143:
141:
140:
113:
112:
110:
109:
108:
103:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
60:
59:
50:
44:
23:
22:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1807:
1806:
1800:
1742:
1720:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1682:
1677:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1631:
1622:
1617:
1610:
1605:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1534:Parkinson, p.99
1533:
1529:
1525:Parkinson, p.98
1524:
1520:
1516:Parkinson, p.97
1515:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1489:Parkinson, p.96
1488:
1484:
1480:Parkinson, p.95
1479:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1445:boarding action
1358:
1180:
1005:
955:
819:before Captain
778:
701:, and on board
493:
353:
352:
351:
346:
327:9 February 1799
263:
258:
255:
251:
249:
247:
212:
207:
153:
151:
138:
136:
106:
104:
100:
97:
92:
89:
87:
85:
84:
83:
53:
52:
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1845:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1805:
1804:
1798:
1785:
1765:
1746:
1740:
1728:James, William
1724:
1718:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1680:
1666:
1657:
1643:
1634:
1620:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1575:
1563:
1554:
1545:
1536:
1527:
1518:
1509:
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1464:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1435:and including
1357:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1322:
1316:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1288:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1254:
1248:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1220:
1214:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1186:
1176:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1150:
1147:
1140:
1134:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1094:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1061:
1058:
1051:
1045:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
954:
951:
783:line of battle
777:
774:
760:under Captain
749:under Captain
616:On arrival at
492:
489:
449:line of battle
348:
347:
345:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
268:
265:
264:
246:
245:
238:
231:
223:
215:
214:
209:
203:
202:
198:
197:
191:
184:
183:
179:
178:
175:
169:
168:
164:
163:
148:
132:
131:
127:
126:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
102:5.55°N 95.85°E
74:
72:
68:
67:
64:
56:
55:
45:
39:
36:
35:
28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1844:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1801:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1743:
1741:0-85177-905-0
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1719:1-86176-013-2
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1661:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1641:Clowes, p.503
1638:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1579:
1570:
1568:
1558:
1549:
1540:
1531:
1522:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1462:Clowes, p.294
1459:
1455:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1441:William James
1438:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1413:King's Island
1410:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1348:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1293:
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1225:
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1212:
1191:
1185:
1183:
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1174:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1099:
1093:
1092:William Clark
1087:
1086:
1056:
1050:
1049:Richard Lucas
1044:
1043:
978:
976:
974:
970:
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762:William Clark
759:
758:
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751:Richard Lucas
748:
747:
742:
738:
734:
730:
727:
723:
719:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
699:
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689:
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678:
677:Bay of Bengal
674:
671:
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664:
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652:
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630:
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588:
584:
583:
578:
574:
573:
568:
567:Bay of Biscay
564:
561:
560:Contre-amiral
557:
553:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:Peter Rainier
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
505:Île de France
502:
498:
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486:
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478:
477:King's Island
474:
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441:
435:
434:
428:
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416:
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408:
407:Île de France
404:
401:
400:Contre-amiral
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
375:, during the
374:
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177:Richard Lucas
176:
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165:
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160:Great Britain
149:
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133:
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82:
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57:
49:
43:
37:
34:
29:
24:
19:
1789:
1772:
1751:
1731:
1709:
1699:Bibliography
1678:James, p.354
1660:
1637:
1632:James, p.353
1618:James, p.352
1606:James, p.351
1594:James, p.350
1578:
1561:James, p.349
1557:
1548:
1539:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1507:James, p.348
1503:
1498:James, p.347
1494:
1485:
1476:
1471:James, p.196
1467:
1458:
1436:
1425:
1408:
1404:
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1172:
1130:
1084:
1041:
958:
956:
946:
942:
941:secured and
938:
934:
926:
918:
916:
911:
903:
899:
894:
890:
887:signal flags
882:
878:
874:
870:
869:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
824:
812:
808:
805:weather gage
801:
795:
791:
779:
756:
745:
728:
721:
715:
706:
702:
697:
691:
683:
681:
672:
661:
655:
649:
643:
637:
632:
622:
615:
581:
571:
569:and frigate
554:sailed from
549:
513:Simon's Town
497:Indian Ocean
494:
466:
461:
456:
452:
445:
439:
432:
419:Simon's Town
397:
363:and British
356:
354:
306:
302:Saldanha Bay
277:Sunda Strait
130:Belligerents
121:Inconclusive
31:Part of the
18:
1664:James, p.32
1552:Roche, p.33
917:The damage
889:hoisted on
665:, with the
517:Cape Colony
383:engaged in
361:French Navy
312:Bali Strait
297:Cape Colony
272:Pondicherry
208:104 wounded
107:5.55; 95.85
105: /
1811:Categories
1451:References
1409:Victorious
1407:then took
1396:and 23 on
1374:Victorious
1366:Victorious
1085:Victorious
1016:Casualties
1011:Complement
989:Commander
969:carronades
949:at 11:15.
947:Victorious
912:Victorious
900:Victorious
895:Victorious
883:Victorious
871:Victorious
817:broadsides
757:Victorious
718:Banda Aceh
711:Tranquebar
618:Port Louis
491:Background
457:Victorious
440:Victorious
415:Tranquebar
373:Banda Aceh
365:Royal Navy
337:Port Louis
282:5 May 1794
213:84 wounded
81:Banda Aceh
1761:162525060
1730:(2002) .
1708:(1997) .
1378:Régénérée
1356:Aftermath
1279:Régénérée
1004:Broadside
973:broadside
933:to reach
849:Régénéree
821:Lhermitte
722:Favourite
707:Carysfort
698:Carysfort
667:privateer
638:Régénérée
556:Rochefort
552:corvettes
455:and then
287:Île Ronde
211:24 killed
206:42 killed
1771:(1954).
1405:Arrogant
1392:, 17 on
1390:Prudente
1370:Arrogant
1362:Arrogant
1318:Captain
1313:Prudente
1284:Captain
1250:Captain
1216:Captain
1136:Captain
1090:Captain
1047:Captain
1042:Arrogant
1028:Wounded
943:Arrogant
904:Arrogant
891:Arrogant
879:Arrogant
875:Prudente
865:Arrogant
857:Arrogant
853:Prudente
833:Arrogant
809:Arrogant
746:Arrogant
729:en route
670:schooner
656:Prudente
624:Preneuse
587:Indiamen
577:La Palma
537:Calcutta
509:frigates
453:Arrogant
433:Arrogant
381:frigates
189:frigates
182:Strength
71:Location
1781:1000708
1421:Batavia
1415:in the
1182:†
1023:Killed
925:turned
787:tacking
726:Sumatra
595:slavery
572:Cocarde
533:Malacca
527:in the
515:in the
485:Batavia
479:in the
423:Malacca
371:, near
369:Sumatra
307:Sumatra
256:of the
93:95°51′E
79:, near
77:Sumatra
1796:
1779:
1759:
1738:
1716:
1394:Cybèle
1347:Clowes
1245:Cybèle
1006:weight
961:cannon
931:sweeps
927:Cybèle
845:Cybèle
829:ensign
792:Triton
776:Battle
733:Penang
703:Alerte
692:Alerte
688:Ceylon
684:Alerte
673:Alerte
662:Cybèle
607:Burnel
545:Bombay
541:Madras
473:Madras
427:Penang
411:Ceylon
317:Manila
292:Ceylon
157:
145:France
142:
118:Result
90:5°33′N
1437:Forte
1398:Forte
1386:Seine
1382:Vertu
1211:Forte
1173:Seine
1157:1400
1131:Vertu
1033:Total
999:Guns
994:Navy
984:Ship
939:Vertu
935:Vertu
919:Vertu
908:raked
861:Vertu
841:Forte
837:Seine
825:Vertu
813:Vertu
796:Forte
766:China
650:Seine
644:Forte
633:Vertu
582:Vertu
468:Seine
462:Vertu
322:Macau
1794:ISBN
1777:OCLC
1757:OCLC
1736:ISBN
1714:ISBN
1111:493
1083:HMS
1068:584
1040:HMS
965:rate
859:and
851:and
843:and
755:HMS
753:and
744:HMS
737:rice
696:HMS
659:and
605:and
603:Baco
543:and
465:and
438:HMS
436:and
431:HMS
413:and
355:The
342:Mahé
75:Off
63:Date
1340:12
1331:32
1297:40
1272:17
1269:13
1263:40
1238:23
1235:17
1229:44
1204:62
1201:44
1198:18
1195:38
1166:24
1163:15
1149:40
1120:74
1117:57
1114:17
1103:74
1077:34
1074:27
1060:74
823:on
1813::
1683:^
1669:^
1646:^
1623:^
1611:^
1599:^
1587:^
1566:^
1400:.
1337:9
1334:3
1306:0
1303:0
1300:0
1266:4
1232:6
1160:9
1071:7
839:,
831:.
785:,
772:.
679:.
653:,
647:,
641:,
635:,
613:.
539:,
487:.
193:2
187:6
1802:.
1783:.
1763:.
1744:.
1722:.
975:.
242:e
235:t
228:v
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