441:. Koch tended to do the exercises according to Dora Menzler, which, in his opinion, combined the advantages of the different gymnastics systems. For Koch, a successful physical education required the exercises to be done unclothed. Anna Müller-Herrmann and Dora Menzler were enthusiastic about this educational concept and supported Koch. As a schoolteacher, Koch saw nudity as a pedagogical activity that integrated the study of the body and the study of culture to create a kind of athletic intellectual and favoured the integration of all genders.
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662:. Koch did not let himself be deterred, he continued to work illegally, founded two new institutes one after the other under different names and helped many Jews and other victims of Nazi persecution. During the Second World War, Koch was officially called up for military service as head of sports for the wounded and the follow-up treatment of the disabled in
467:. Reinforced in particular by Anna Müller-Herrmann, Koch also developed exercises, especially for children. The joy of movement, the playful instincts and the fanciful imagination of the smaller children also poured into the exercises. For the older children, Koch developed work exercises that were based, among other things, on gravity and momentum.
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of touch and, through the surprises, the twists and turns, joy in a few minutes. A precise sequence of our gymnastics lessons cannot be determined because there are no rigid forms of exercise. The focus is always on having fun and enjoying exercise. Of course, these relaxed gymnastics lessons can also be carried out in the great outdoors.
498:(free body culture) social movement, that had existed in Berlin since shortly after 1900. Some of the parents of the school's pupils had formed a "friendship society" to do something for their body fitness in their free time; there were no formal statutes to this association. The children formed the group "Sun Land Youth Guild" (
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The successes of Koch's schools were preceded by hard battles. Several judicial processes had been brought against Koch, set in motion by uptight moral apostles, but none resulted in a conviction (in the negative sense) or the closure of schools. The processes cost time and energy, but also made Koch
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If, for example, I let girls and boys run free at the beginning of an hour, first one after the other, then forwards and backwards, then mixed up, that doesn't seem to make much sense, but for the individual, it is a playful reorientation in space, with and on the neighbour, an awakening of the sense
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This "new" form of gymnastics, in connection with Koch's conception of a natural way of life, Koch attempted to introduce into the school – with the consent of the parents. However, it wouldn't be long before his first process. The state was sympathetic to Koch's program until a woman visitor to the
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certified Koch that he was "particularly suitable for gymnastics lessons". Koch wanted to introduce nudity as an essential part of the exercises he developed. Since this was not possible in regular school time, Koch sought assistance from the parents of his pupils, where the initiative arose in June
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It was important to Koch that boys and girls practice together because the children should also learn to respect the body of the opposite gender and learn that nudity in itself is not sexual. In 1923, Koch finished his training as a gymnastics teacher. At the
Kreuzberg school in Berlin, Koch could
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For health reasons, Koch promoted daily body cleaning and dental hygiene, which was not a matter of course at the time. Koch started with small requirements: the daily cleaning of the fingernails. For this purpose, a classmate was chosen as the "cleaning commissioner", who inspected the hands and
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school made a loud public complaint against "nude dancing" in a state institution and the school authorities forbade Koch from doing any more nude exercises. Koch fought on, but drew his conclusions and resigned from the public school service and began to set up institutes for Free Body
Culture (
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Koch died on 2 July 1970. One focus of his surviving wife
Irmgard was advertising for nudist Freikörperkultur FKK-gymnastics, which is why she travelled a lot, for example to Switzerland and Hungary. In addition to the gymnastics lessons, which she instructed herself until 2003, she also gave
354:) until 1923. This included putting the relationship between mind and body on a new basis. In Koch's opinion, physical education was being neglected by limiting itself to monotonous gymnastics. In addition, there was the lack of personal hygiene, which he complained:
253:. He broke off this teacher training in 1914 and volunteered for military service in the First World War. In the War service, Koch saw the opportunity to escape the constraints and the strict order of the like boarding school institute. Koch was installed as an army
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At the end of the First World War, Koch returned to Berlin and resumed teacher training in the spring of 1919, which he completed in autumn 1920 with the first state examination. Besides this training as a public school teacher, he also began studying
71:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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Old documentaries from the Koch schools show families, adults, children and young people dancing, jumping and hopping nude through a room, acting according to Koch's instructions. Koch described the process as follows:
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fingernails of her classmates every day. Dental care was added about a week later. The aim was to encourage the girls to practice basic hygiene every day – with visible success: clean, healthy and happy children.
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In 1929, Koch's Berlin school hosted the first "International
Congress on Nudity", with participants from twenty-three countries. Koch also presided over a busy publishing program and edited the nudist journal
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over the allegation Koch had inappropriately reached under the skirt of a girl. The medically trained Koch did not deny having touched the girl but spoke of a medical examination of the girl's
579:(free body culture) movement of that time period. In Berlin, in addition to several Freikörperkultur FKK-associations founded around 1900, there was now Koch's institute located in Berlin's
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It is a common habit to wash only your hands and face every day, but your feet only twice a week, and your whole body only every eight to fourteen days. Not to mention bathing.
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404:, which aims to represent feelings and moods in movements, was just becoming fashionable. In addition, Koch dealt with the sometimes quite different gymnastics methods of
217:(9 April 1897 in Berlin – 2 July 1970) was a German educationalist and sports teacher. He was the founder of a gymnastics movement named after him and a pioneer of the
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on the Baltic Sea coast). Koch's wife died there on 10 August 2009. In 1951 Koch's Berlin institute was replaced with the "Family Sport
Association Adolf Koch" (
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At the end of 1922, Koch brought the gymnastics exercises into his school lessons with the children initially clothed wearing swimming trunks. The school's
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for gymnastics. Initially, it was only a group of 10- to 13-year-old boys and girls, who together in the presence of their parents, did gymnastics nude.
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502:). Koch now saw the opportunity to bring his reform gymnastics to this association. Parents and children gathered every Saturday in the youth club at
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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not introduce the reform gymnastics he had developed; only on class school trips would pupils occasionally bathe nude in remote lakes, more not.
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organizations had reached more than 3 million. Koch's schools also offered four-year teaching certificates accredited by the German government.
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Krüger, A.; Krüger, F.; Treptau, S. (2002). "Nudism in Nazi
Germany: Indecent Behaviour or Physical Culture for the Well-being of the Nation".
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that included nude dancing. Here Koch was particularly fascinated by the expressiveness and elegance of the dancers Della de Waal.
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Koch's father Karl Koch, was a trained carpenter and firefighter. Koch had a sister a year and a half his junior. The family was
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German
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Koch is one of the pioneers of the nude culture, who stood for the international and humanistic currents of the
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lectures on health and nutrition. In 2003 Irmgard Koch withdrew from the institute and moved to her daughter in
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760:(ethnic)" tradition of the Freikörperkultur (free body culture). With the title of the magazine Koch published
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from 1903, after which he graduated in 1911. After finishing
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came to power in 1933. His institutes were closed, also, because Koch refused to voluntarily part with his
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employees. His writings were on the list of "forbidden and un-German books" and publicly burned in the
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Curiously, from this school transfer, it would be the first time Koch would come into contact with the
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Jefferies, Matthew (2006). "'For a genuine and noble nakedness'? German naturism in the Third Reich".
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Immediately after his teacher training (September 1920) Koch entered school service and became class
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magazines reaching the public, stressed the idea of nudism as an indoor, classroom activity.
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1953), who taught in Berlin until 1931 and to whom Koch kept returning in later lectures.
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In 1924, Koch founded the private remedial
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At the end of the school year 1920/21 Koch had to leave the school in central
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Koch's goal was now to develop a modern general physical and posture school (
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Turning to Nature in
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Empire of Ecstasy: Nudity and Movement in German Body Culture, 1910–1935
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Anna Herrmann-Müller, the question of clothing in physical education (
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was still considered by some as harmful to young people and immoral.
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Free Body Culture in Berlin, 50th anniversary of Adolf Koch's death
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1923 for establishing the "Parents Groups for Free Body Culture" (
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Birth Register: Standesamt Berlin IVa, Registration No. 343/1897
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in Berlin. After his school enrollment in 1902, Koch attended a
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in the 1920s and 1930s, which in turn was part of the larger
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Nacktheit, Körperkultur und Erziehung. Ein Gymnastikbuch
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Freikörperkultur in Berlin, 50. Todestag von Adolf Koch
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Toepfer, Karl Eric (1997). "Nacktkultur; Adolf Koch".
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known. Koch was harder hit by the total ban when the
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Schooling and military service in the First World War
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soon after recognized as an "open school facility" (
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a machine-translated version of the German article.
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89:accompanying your translation by providing an
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804:(Physical culture and education), Berlin 1950
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1007:. Stanford University Press.
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643:
573:
572:
571:
570:
540:Weimar Germany
531:
528:
491:
488:
447:
374:
371:
360:
262:
259:
234:
231:
210:
209:
203:
199:
198:
195:
191:
190:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
171:(aged 74)
165:
161:
160:
147:
136:
132:
131:
128:
121:
120:
116:
115:
108:
97:
75:
72:
61:
54:
47:(January 2022)
35:
34:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1773:
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1664:Nudity clause
1662:
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1652:
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1649:Nude calendar
1647:
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1586:Body painting
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1511:Lee Baxandall
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1488:South America
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1471:San Francisco
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1401:Nude swimming
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1308:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1298:Pornification
1296:
1294:
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1288:Sexualization
1286:
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1228:Exhibitionism
1226:
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1223:Intimate part
1221:
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1188:United States
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1161:Finnish sauna
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1036:9780312113582
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892:9780520918276
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849:
848:Williams 2007
844:
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731:
727:
721:
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706:
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692:
688:
684:
674:
673:near Berlin.
670:
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624:
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611:
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334:
330:
326:
321:
319:
315:
314:
308:
307:Die Schönheit
304:
300:
295:
293:
289:
286:of women" by
285:
281:
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273:
269:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
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224:
220:
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200:
196:
194:Occupation(s)
192:
189:
186:
182:
178:
174:
166:
162:
158:
157:German Empire
154:
150:
137:
133:
126:
113:
109:
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98:
92:
88:
84:
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76:
73:
70:
66:
62:
59:
56:
55:
49:
43:
41:
36:You can help
32:
23:
22:
19:
1699:
1689:
1521:Ilsley Boone
1516:Paul Bindrim
1506:Kurt Barthel
1428:Nude beaches
1423:Nude wedding
1353:Gay naturism
1320:Strip search
1026:
1003:
988:(1): 62–84.
985:
981:
951:(4): 33–54.
948:
944:
937:Bibliography
922:. Retrieved
913:
908:
901:
881:
850:, p. 1.
843:
834:
801:
795:
785:
761:
743:
733:
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707:
694:
690:
686:
680:
648:
638:
631:Ludwigshafen
612:
607:
603:
600:
574:
560:
548:heliotherapy
544:hydrotherapy
535:
533:
523:
520:
515:
508:
503:
499:
493:
484:appendicitis
473:
469:
460:
458:
451:
444:
418:Dora Menzler
393:
376:
367:
357:
351:
322:
310:
306:
296:
279:
264:
236:
227:Lebensreform
214:
213:
169:(1970-07-02)
145:9 April 1897
87:edit summary
78:
45:
37:
18:
1726:1970 deaths
1721:1897 births
1443:By location
1418:Naked party
1173:Toplessness
774:egalitarian
756:, not the "
730:Bad Doberan
667: [
588: [
465:Mary Wigman
435: [
421: [
410:Rudolf Bode
386: [
344: [
335:section of
333:proletarian
329:Volksschule
292:Nobel Prize
247:Volksschule
176:Nationality
167:2 July 1970
1715:Categories
1654:Naked News
1559:Nude (art)
1413:Naked yoga
1396:Nude beach
1358:Gymnosophy
1270:Candaulism
1243:Striptease
1200:Dress code
1178:Topfreedom
826:References
699:Hasenheide
379:gymnastics
363:Adolf Koch
284:physiology
239:Protestant
229:movement.
141:1897-04-09
129:Adolf Koch
1310:Obscenity
1260:Voyeurism
1238:Streaking
973:145116232
965:0952-3367
924:7 January
754:socialist
750:Darwinian
623:Wuppertal
552:education
243:Kreuzberg
105:talk page
42:in German
1691:Category
1637:See also
1330:Naturism
1265:Anasyrma
1248:Stripper
1025:(1994).
809:See also
758:Völkisch
718:naturism
714:Adenauer
635:Mannheim
448:—
427:and the
361:—
318:cabarets
303:naturism
272:medicine
268:pedagogy
202:Movement
81:provide
1564:History
1483:Oceania
1476:Seattle
1233:Mooning
1168:Massage
1129:Modesty
1102:History
790:Leipzig
627:Hamburg
619:Breslau
596:Selchow
480:abdomen
331:in the
325:teacher
274:at the
223:Germany
103:to the
85:in the
44:.
1701:Portal
1461:Europe
1451:Africa
1183:Canada
1088:Nudity
1033:
1011:
971:
963:
916:]
889:
728:(near
726:Sanitz
656:Jewish
633:, and
615:Berlin
511:rector
313:Beauty
251:Kyritz
179:German
149:Berlin
1156:Sauna
1139:Awrah
969:S2CID
918:(PDF)
912:[
697:) in
693:(the
671:]
592:]
439:]
425:]
396:) in
390:]
348:]
208:(FKK)
65:DeepL
1456:Asia
1031:ISBN
1009:ISBN
961:ISSN
926:2022
887:ISBN
792:1924
708:The
526:).
311:The
270:and
164:Died
135:Born
79:must
77:You
58:View
990:doi
953:doi
701:in
625:),
67:or
1717::
986:24
984:.
967:.
959:.
949:19
947:.
855:^
669:de
629:,
617:,
590:de
454:).
437:de
423:de
416:,
412:,
408:,
388:de
346:de
155:,
151:,
1080:e
1073:t
1066:v
1039:.
1017:.
996:.
992::
975:.
955::
928:.
895:.
350:(
309:(
290:(
278:(
143:)
139:(
114:.
107:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.