849:
1004:, in a radio interview, offered the L-159 to Ukraine. Subject to a decision by the Czech government, President Pavel said “It is worth considering whether we could provide Ukraine with our L-159 aircraft. As direct combat support aircraft, (the planes) could also help Ukraine significantly in the counteroffensive”. They also carry an array of western weapons such as: “AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles, AIM-120 AMRAAM, AGM-65 Maverick, and GBU-12 Paveway II and GBU-16 Paveway II laser-guided bombs.” They also are a Czech aircraft, approval from other countries is not required. It is also an upgrade from the
658:
37:
892:
748:
727:
1334:
801:
860:
526:
518:
1017:
682:), for all-weather, day and night operations. It can carry a wide range of NATO standard stores including air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles and laser guided bombs. The L-159A is in operational service with the Czech and Iraqi air forces. There are two different configurations being used by the Czech Air Force – using the Honeywell 4x4 inch MFDs or the Vdot 5x6.7 inch MFDs. Avionic upgrades are designed and developed by V-Dot Systems Inc.
989:
953:
930:
311:
824:
1348:
359:
274:. In 1993, a group of Czech military experts launched a project to produce a modern domestic fighter to replace the obsolete Soviet aircraft. Since the proposed Aero L-X supersonic fighter development proved to be financially demanding (up to US$ 2 billion), the less costly L-159 subsonic attack aircraft, derived from the L-39 Albatros, was approved for procurement instead.
625:, a civilian American company that cooperates with the US military for pilot training, was in the process of acquiring 21 ex-Czech Air Force L-159s. The deal made Draken International into the world's largest private air force. Aero Vodochody handed over the first L-159 aircraft to the company on 30 September 2015. Draken International has secured contacts with both the
783:
The L-159T2 is a two-seat trainer with full combat capability converted from stored L-159A airframes. Compared to the L-159T1, it has a higher proportion of newly manufactured components and a Grifo-L radar installed. Instead of mirroring the instruments to the rear seat, the new two-seater will have
612:
for three L-159As, two L-159T1s and 130 million Euros. Later the two L-159T1s were returned by EADS-CASA to the Czech
Republic as compensation for the C-295M not meeting the counter measures requirements of the CzAF at the time of delivery. This problem has been solved by EADS-CASA three years later
579:
As the threat posed by ISIS diminished in Iraq, the L-159s were placed into temporary storage around 2017 or 2018. During
February 2022, it was announced that the Iraqi L159s had been brought back into active service, although they were only capable of limited operations initially. It had reportedly
765:
6069 made its first flight on 8 March 2007 and the first batch of four aircraft was handed over to the Czech Air Force on 23 November 2007. Another two aircraft were delivered in August and
December 2010, respectively. L-159T1 S/N 6069 was transferred to Aero Vodochody on 30 June 2015 as a part of
739:
The L-159B, also known as L-159B Albatros II, is a two-seat version primarily designed for
Advanced and Operational/Lead-In Fighter Training. The L-159B configuration can also be tailored to customer specific requirements and adapted to needs of basic training as well as combat missions including
321:
The maiden flight of the first L-159 prototype (5831, "376 white") occurred on 2 August 1997 with a two-seat version. On 18 August 1998, the single-seat L-159A prototype (5832, "356 white") first flew; it was completed to Czech customer specifications. On 10 April 2000, the first delivery of the
230:
for pilot training. Since 2007, six L-159A aircraft have been rebuilt into T1 trainer derivatives. During 2017, Aero
Vodochody formally restarted production of the type, and unveiled a newly built L-159T1 for the Iraqi Air Force; furthermore, the Czech Air Force was in the process of acquiring
774:
Prototype L-159T1+ S/N 6067 (manufactured as L-159A in 2003 and converted to L-159T1 in 2007) was unveiled by Aero
Vodochody in March 2017. L-159T1+ aircraft are characterized by an upgraded mission system, avionics and newly installed Grifo-L radar, offering the same combat capability as the
546:
ordered 72 aircraft, but after review, opted to reduce the fleet size to 24 L-159s, which received the latest avionics upgrades, while the remaining aircraft were placed into long-term storage. By 2016, the Czech Air Force had 16 L-159A and 5 L-159T1 aircraft in service. On 1 June 2016, Aero
740:
air-to-ground, patrol and reconnaissance missions. On 23 July 2002, the Czech military signed a letter of intent on acquisition of the first two L-159B aircraft. However, due to the budget constraints the trade did not materialize. The only prototype has been rebuilt by Aero
Vodochody into
760:
The L-159T1 is a two-seat trainer derivative used by the Czech and Iraqi Air Force. All L-159T1s (excluding one newly built L-159T1 for the Iraqi Air Force) are modified L-159A airframes taken from storage. Unlike L-159A, they have just one MFD in each cockpit and no radar. L-159T1
378:
trainer (two-seat L-159B and T variants). Design of the L-159 was derived from the L-39/59 in terms of aerodynamic configuration but a number of changes were made to improve its combat capabilities. These include strengthening of the airframe, reinforcing of the cockpit with
290:
placed a large order for 72 L-159A single-seat aircraft at a cost around 50 billion CZK. The contract was signed on 4 July 1997. The number of aircraft to be delivered was based upon the size of the Czech Air Force at that time, taking into account the necessity to replace
564:, as it necessitated the lifting of a long-standing ban on the export of British radar technology to Iraq. The first two Czech L-159s were delivered to Iraq on 5 November 2015. In May 2016, numerous Iraqi L-159s participated in attacks upon positions held by
209:
In 2003, the Czech fleet of 72 L-159A aircraft was reduced to 24 due to budget constraints. Following several years of storage, the Czech government has re-sold most of the redundant aircraft to both military and civilian operators, namely the
591:
As of March 2023 an Iraqi L159 was photographed carrying the
Turkish Aselpod reconnaissance, surveillance and targeting pod This could mean that the Iraqis have found a solution to the limited air to ground capability of the Iraqi L159s
325:
During
October 2004, the Czech government announced that Aero Vodochody was to be privatised, and Boeing decided to withdraw from involvement in both the L-159 and the overall company. During October 2006, Aero Vodochody was sold to
337:
On 31 March 2017, following a 13-year stoppage in L-159 production after the delivery of the final Czech Air Force example, Aero
Vodochody held a ceremony to mark the resumption of manufacturing; a new-build L-159 destined for the
277:
Conducted between 1994 and 1997, the technical development of the L-159 ALCA in Aero Vodochody consisted primarily of building a single L-159 two-seat prototype, based on the L-59 airframe, and utilizing western engine,
555:
On 15 October 2012, it was announced that Iraq had agreed to purchase 28 L-159s from the Czech government. During early 2015, Iraq signed a deal for 14 L-159 aircraft, comprising 12 L-159As and two L-159T1s, for the
387:
and enlargement of the aircraft's nose to accommodate the radar. Compared to the L-59, the number of underwing pylons was increased from four to six, and a new hardpoint under the fuselage was added instead of a
1782:
2543:
1906:
784:
independent instruments interchangeable with the L-159A while using the same software configuration. The Czech Air Force has ordered 3 L-159T2 aircraft scheduled to be delivered in November 2018.
1566:
334:(split off from Boeing) as the L-159 avionics integrator. V-Dot will replace the Honeywell multi-function displays (MFD) and upgrade the mission processors to support new functions.
2601:
2233:
3474:
2733:
2763:
481:(one under-fuselage and six under-wing mountings), capable of carrying external loads up to 2,340 kg. The aircraft can be equipped with a variety of weapons ranging from
206:; on 10 April 2000, the first production aircraft was delivered to the Czech Air Force. Further development of the type proceeded, particularly of the twin-seat L-159 models.
2193:
2623:
190:-era fighter aircraft with a modern Czech-built equivalent; it was decided against pursuing a clean-sheet design to avoid excessive costs. Development was supported by the
2570:
910:
641:
2547:
1914:
2445:
2121:
3479:
2366:
3484:
1847:
1222:
572:. During October and November 2016, L-159 aircraft operated by Squadron No. 115 were deployed in the battle against ISIL forces at the Southern outskirts of
2412:
2838:
2219:
2793:
FojtĂk, Jakub (October 2015). "NovĂ© zálety a dodávky – Vojenská divize Aera" [Recent test flights and deliveries – military division of Aero].
1179:
3084:
644:, also operates three L-159As for its own purposes. These aircraft, which were formerly owned by EADS-CASA, were acquired by the firm in July 2013.
2017:
3052:
2707:
1574:
2426:
405:
engine with a maximum thrust of 28 kN. Almost 2,000 litres of fuel are stored in eight internal tanks (six in the fuselage, two at the
3369:
3037:
1478:
2593:
2259:
2179:
2036:
1988:
2741:
2519:
881:
2771:
2150:
1599:
766:
the Iraqi contract which included handover of four actively used aircraft – three L-159A and one L-159T1 – to the Iraqi Air Force.
2197:
2054:
1756:
588:
during late 2021. During early 2022, Iraq has been in contact with Aero Vodochody on the topic of modernising its L-159 fleet.
3494:
3077:
3021:
346:
and increased endurance; further enhancements were also being worked on at that time. The company reportedly negotiated with
2562:
2165:
2081:
3489:
2136:
1308:(only inner hardpoints) for ferry flights or up to 4 Ă— 350 L drop tanks (inner and middle hardpoints) for tactical missions
565:
219:
2476:
848:
670:
The L-159A ALCA is a single-seat light multi-role combat aircraft designed for a variety of air-to-air, air-to-ground and
2385:
2874:
2682:
1783:"IEE Delivers Flight-worthy Display Head to Vdot Systems in Less Than 10 Weeks - From Concept to Aircraft Installation"
1738:
2900:
2453:
972:
of the Light Strike Squadron. The Czech Republic offered Ireland 3 L-39ZA for free if Ireland bought six L-159As. The
775:
single-seat L-159A. The T1+ modernization of 4 Czech Air Force L-159T1 is scheduled to be completed in December 2019.
3002:
2983:
2964:
1637:
1518:
715:
322:
L-159A took place to the Czech Air Force. Prototype (6073) of the two-seat L-159B variant first flew on 1 June 2002.
1816:
350:
on the topic of the L-159, which reportedly may have included the establishment of an assembly line in the country.
202:
became a strategic partner in both the project and Aero Vodochody itself. On 4 August 1997, the L-159 performed its
3499:
3070:
2667:
1628:
Born, Hans; Caparini, Marina; Haltiner, Karl; Kuhlmann, JĂĽrgen (2006). "The domestic subsonic L-159 ALCA fighter".
1267:
543:
287:
191:
1855:
914:
17:
375:
413:(two 500 L and two 350 L tanks) carried under the wings. The lightly armoured cockpit is equipped with a VS-2B
2491:
417:
capable of catapulting the pilot at a zero flight level and zero speed. The aircraft's avionics, based on the
2340:
2234:"La RepĂşblica checa adquiere cuatro aviones C-295M a EADS-CASA por 130 millones de euros y cinco cazas L-159"
1412:
1534:
303:
attack aircraft. Due to the cost of the project, the Czech government decided that a strategic partner, the
1961:
250:
declared a demobilisation of the Czechoslovak defence industry. Nevertheless, after the dissolution of the
2816:
707:
371:
2283:
2236:[The Czech Republic acquires four C-295 aircraft to EADS-CASA 130 million five fighters L-159].
2107:
2003:
1388:
1100:
917:
registry. The aircraft have no export license from the Italian Government for the Selex Grifo-L radars.
429:
1797:
1258:
674:
missions. The aircraft is equipped with a multi-mode Doppler Grifo-L radar (a variant of the Grifo-F
433:
477:
for all-weather, day and night operations. All variants of L-159 are equipped with a total of seven
3384:
2194:"Iraqi Minister of Defence visited Aero Vodochody to discuss current and future business relations"
1403:
1371:
839:– 12 L-159A and 2 L-159T1 aircraft ordered; 6 L-159A and 1 L-159T1 in service as of September 2016.
342:
was present. This batch of production aircraft featured several improvements, such as the use of a
263:
176:
144:
266:, featured a more powerful turbofan engine, advanced avionics, and has been bought in quantity by
3057:
626:
389:
292:
1713:
167:
developed in the single-seat L-159A and two-seat L-159B versions, respectively, produced in the
463:
459:
455:
441:
315:
69:
1339:
1239:
969:
494:
367:
160:
58:
3389:
3047:
657:
1742:
904:
877:
691:
622:
215:
164:
2526:
8:
3364:
958:
942:
703:
679:
399:
222:(ISIS) insurgents in the country. In Draken's service, the L-159 (colloquially known as "
3374:
2220:"Iraq emerges as customer for Turkish Aselpod airborne targeting system | Shephard"
1687:
3431:
3415:
3379:
3016:(in Czech and English). Prague: L+K magazine and Magnet Press, Slovakia. pp. 4–8.
1366:
1214:
1189:
1005:
634:
498:
259:
227:
194:, which ordered 72 L-159A single-seat aircraft for roughly 50 billion CZK to equip the
180:
547:
Vodochody received an order to upgrade an initial batch of 16 Czech Air Force L-159s.
307:, would be invited to collaborate with Aero Vodochody in the venture during May 1998.
3017:
2998:
2979:
2960:
2798:
2649:
2508:[3 Aero L-159 ALCA sold in the USA] (in Czech). Forum.valka.cz. 29 July 2013.
2394:
1760:
1633:
1514:
1289:
1284:
327:
240:
157:
2927:
2839:"The Czech Republic can provide Ukraine with Aero L-159 ALCA light combat aircraft"
2314:
1408:
1383:
1231:
1147:
973:
873:
726:
581:
490:
380:
283:
42:
3042:
2957:
International Warbirds: An Illustrated Guide to World Military Aircraft, 1914–2000
2262:[In the Czech Republic returned L-159 as compensation for aircraft CASA].
2122:"Letouny L-159 poprvé v boji proti islamistům. Irácká armáda je nasadila u Mosulu"
1878:
262:
design with a view toward greater export. The resulting L-39MS, later designed as
36:
2878:
2413:"ANALYSIS: How Draken International became the world's biggest private air force"
1630:
Civil-Military Relations in Europe: Learning from Crisis and Institutional Change
1393:
1353:
1245:
965:
836:
813:
630:
585:
557:
539:
437:
421:
339:
211:
195:
96:
92:
747:
613:
and the remaining three L-159As resold by EADS-CASA to Lewis Fighter Fleet LLC.
247:
3093:
3062:
2505:
1662:
1227:
865:
806:
671:
561:
255:
244:
172:
168:
74:
2648:(in Czech). Vol. 93, no. 1. Magnet Press, Slovakia. pp. 40–44.
3468:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3288:
3233:
2802:
2653:
2398:
897:
502:
482:
474:
414:
384:
203:
186:
Development of the L-159 started in 1993 as an initiative to replace various
3012:
Soušek, Tomáš (15 August 2016). "The Czech Air Force". In Čadil, Jan (ed.).
1567:"Aero restarts L-159 ALCA production, touts Argentina as potential customer"
3451:
2904:
1398:
1278:
1272:
1262:
1143:
1079:
816:– 16 L-159A, 5 L-159T1 and 3 L-159T2 aircraft in service as of August 2016.
525:
418:
300:
296:
251:
223:
187:
2708:"Aero bude dál servisovat armádnĂ stroje, zĂskalo zakázky za 2,5 miliardy"
1150:
and 2Ă— 500 L (130 US gal; 110 imp gal) drop tanks
744:
demonstrator. The aircraft's designation was changed on 14 December 2015.
3405:
1417:
1320:
1016:
762:
580:
been used in multiple strikes against insurgents in ISIL hideouts in the
517:
470:
451:
396:
62:
2037:"David Cameron in hot water over lifting ban on Czech fighter jets sale"
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3313:
3308:
3298:
3293:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
2685:[Two-seat Alcas undergoing PP2000 revision and modernization].
1125:
1001:
609:
486:
448:
218:. The L-159 has seen active combat use by the Iraqi Air Force against
3323:
3318:
3303:
3283:
3278:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
1305:
711:
601:
478:
410:
347:
690:
The L-159E ALCA is the export designation of L-159A in service with
3133:
1103:
714:
F124-GA-100 engine. The aircraft is pitched for the U.S. Air Force
569:
506:
425:
406:
402:
343:
279:
2734:"Czech L-159s go on the offense in training of British RAF pilots"
2427:"USA's Draken to buy 21 L-159 planes, gets 8 planes by year's end"
2137:"Czech made L-159 aircraft used in fighting on outskirts of Mosul"
454:. Self-protection of the L-159 is ensured by the Sky Guardian 200
310:
1438:
1192:) and 1 under the fuselage holding up to 2,340 kg (5,159 lb)
1074:
994:
935:
286:(eventually Boeing) as the avionics integrator. During 1995, the
271:
466:
dispenser. L-159A and T2 variants are equipped with the Italian
675:
358:
304:
199:
1142:
565 km (351 mi, 305 nmi) lo-lo-lo, gun pod, 2Ă—
1302:
605:
573:
267:
2624:"PodĂvejte se na vĂ˝robu cviÄŤnĂ©ho letounu pro armádnĂ piloty"
1627:
362:
L-159 cockpit with the original Honeywell 4x4 inch MFDs
2180:"Iraqi air force bombs Islamic State hideouts in mountains"
1511:
The International Directory of Military Aircraft, 2002/2003
1199:
829:
467:
2594:"FARNBOROUGH: Aero Vodochody unveils F/A-259 for OA-X bid"
2477:"Draken to provide 'aggressor' aircraft to fight RAF jets"
1623:
1621:
1479:"Aero Vodochody produces new-build L-159 trainer for Iraq"
2563:"Farnborough 2018: Aero reveals F/A-259 light attack jet"
2286:[L-159s in Iraq. The end of the endless story?].
2683:"DvoumĂstnĂ© Alcy procházejĂ revizĂ PP2000 a modernizacĂ"
2082:"Iraq receives first L-159 jets from the Czech Republic"
2055:"First Czech redundant L-159 aircraft delivered to Iraq"
2018:"Czech government approves sale of fighter jets to Iraq"
1205:
LAU-5003 rocket pods (each with 19 Ă— CRV7 70 mm rockets)
968:– The L-159A was evaluated as a replacement for the six
2260:"Do ČR se vrátil L-159 jako kompenzace za letouny CASA"
1618:
1600:"Czech Air Force to receive upgraded L-159T1+ aircraft"
542:
is the primary operator of the L-159. During 1995, the
3475:
1990s Czech and Czechoslovak military trainer aircraft
1989:"Iraq Selects Aero Vodochody L-159 for Training Needs"
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1058:
9.54 m (31 ft 4 in) including tip tanks
3048:
Aero L-159 ALCA specs & photo at Flugzeuginfo.net
2151:"Iraq Air Force resumes use of L-159 Strike Aircraft"
1188:
7 in total: 3 under each wing (outer pylons only for
436:(GPS). Flight data are displayed both on the FV-3000
370:(single-seat L-159A variant) or light attack jet and
366:
The L-159 ALCA is designed for the principal role of
1329:
2321:(in Polish). Agencja Lotnicza Altair. 25 March 2017
1560:
1558:
1556:
1463:
1378:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
428:Navigation and Attack Suite, Ring Laser Gyro based
2492:"New Aggressor training for RAF Fighter Squadrons"
2004:"Breakthrough for sales of L-159 to Iraq in sight"
1879:"Aero L-159 ALCA (Advanced Light Combat Aircraft)"
1441:for Advanced Light Combat Aircraft. Also known as
501:. For example, it is capable of carrying advanced
2995:International Electronic Countermeasures Handbook
2770:. Federal Aviation Administration. Archived from
2393:(27). New York: Penton Media: 10. 4 August 2014.
2317:[L-159 ALCA production to be restarted].
706:on 16 July 2018. Developed in collaboration with
560:. This sale was politically controversial in the
3466:
3092:
2446:"Aero Hands Over First L-159 Aircraft to Draken"
2284:"Naše L-159 v Iráku. Konec nekoneÄŤnĂ©ho pĹ™ĂbÄ›hu?"
1901:
1899:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1749:
1694:. VojenskĂ˝ historickĂ˝ Ăşstav Praha. 21 March 2013
1553:
2993:Puttré, Michael (2004). Puttré, Michael (ed.).
2309:
2307:
2305:
1955:
1953:
2452:. AERO Vodochody AEROSPACE a.s. Archived from
1854:. AERO Vodochody AEROSPACE a.s. Archived from
1594:
1592:
179:trainer, which was in turn developed from the
3480:1990s Czech and Czechoslovak fighter aircraft
3078:
2853:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2166:"Iraq's L-159s return to operational service"
1896:
1870:
1835:
1714:"L-159 ALCA (Advanced Light Combat Aircraft)"
1504:
1502:
1500:
702:Combat-capable variant first unveiled at the
3485:1990s Czech and Czechoslovak attack aircraft
2700:
2376:
2302:
2240:(in Spanish). Infodefensa.com. 21 April 2009
1950:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1106:engine, 28.2 kN (6,300 lbf) thrust
921:
876:) – Planned fleet of 8 L-159E aircraft from
2367:"Czechs to deliver military planes to U.S."
2266:(in Czech). Ceskatelevize.cz. 30 July 2012.
1943:
1941:
1589:
3085:
3071:
2978:. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Information Group.
2954:
2630:
2270:
2153:. iraq-businessnews.com. 18 February 2022.
2108:"A new formula in the battle for Fallujah"
1739:"Czechs hope trainer has export potential"
1497:
1011:
2976:Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004
2869:
2867:
2865:
2520:"GRIFO – A family of pulse Doppler radar"
2415:. Flight International. 3 September 2014.
2359:
2134:
2001:
1804:
1513:. Fyshwick, ACT: Aerospace Publications.
1136:1,570 km (980 mi, 850 nmi)
1130:960 km/h (600 mph, 520 kn)
1121:936 km/h (582 mph, 505 kn)
1027:Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004
945:– one L-159B leased from 2008 until 2010.
458:(RWR) and the Vinten Vicon 78 Series 455
447:Communications are provided by a pair of
2817:"Irish sovereignty extends only so high"
2644:ÄŚadil, Jan (2017). "Aero L-159T2 ALCA".
2591:
2560:
1938:
1257:various laser-guided and unguided bombs
1015:
847:
746:
725:
656:
524:
521:Czech Air Force L-159A with its armament
516:
357:
314:The first L-159 prototype (5831) in the
309:
41:Czech Air Force L-159A Alca carrying an
2973:
2928:"The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage"
2680:
2474:
2281:
1798:"Aero Vodochody formally revives L-159"
1508:
913:– three L-159A aircraft; listed on the
14:
3467:
3058:L-159 avionic upgrades by Vdot Systems
3011:
2992:
2862:
2792:
2546:. Draken International. Archived from
2489:
2196:. aero.cz. 13 May 2022. Archived from
2163:
2034:
1986:
1876:
1198:**LAU-5002 rocket pods (each with 6 Ă—
980:
512:
3066:
2919:
2643:
1476:
843:
792:
2925:
2714:(in Czech). MAFRA. 23 September 2016
2443:
2386:Aviation Week & Space Technology
2135:Johnstone, Chris (27 October 2017).
2079:
1795:
566:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
220:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
3043:Aero L-159 ALCA page on milavia.net
3038:A-159 page on AERO Vodochody's site
2383:"Aero Vodochody Relaunching L-39".
2282:Visingr, Lukáš (10 November 2015).
2164:Binnie, Jeremy (15 February 2022).
2035:Boffey, Daniel (14 February 2016).
1052:12.72 m (41 ft 9 in)
621:During 2014, it was announced that
493:or with special devices to conduct
395:The aircraft is powered by the non-
330:. In 2009, Aero Vodochody selected
24:
2903:. lznamest.army.cz. Archived from
2525:. Galileo Avionica. Archived from
2506:"3 Aero L-159 ALCA prodány do USA"
2341:"Czech L-159s: Cheap to Good Home"
2002:Johnstone, Chris (4 August 2014).
1959:
1564:
1535:"Draken's 'Honey Badgers' on tour"
1064:4.87 m (16 ft 0 in)
1046:1 (L-159A), 2 (L-159B, L-159T1/T2)
25:
3511:
3031:
2681:Hottmar, Aleš (17 January 2018).
2604:from the original on 17 July 2018
2573:from the original on 16 July 2018
2561:Jennings, Gareth (16 July 2018).
2315:"Wznowienie produkcji L-159 ALCA"
1987:Donald, David (19 October 2012).
1785:. prnewswire.com. 17 August 2011.
1070:18.8 m (202 sq ft)
1008:that the Ukraine Air Force uses.
716:Light Attack/Armed Reconnaissance
568:(ISIL) insurgents in the city of
533:
3053:L-159 photos at Photo-Planes.com
2670:. Magnet Press. 26 January 2017.
2626:. technet.idnes.cz. 17 May 2007.
2592:Morrison, Murdo (16 July 2018).
2475:Allison, George (8 April 2022).
1346:
1332:
1268:CBU-87 Combined Effects Munition
1162:62 m/s (12,200 ft/min)
1000:On 11 May 2023, Czech President
987:
951:
928:
890:
858:
822:
799:
616:
489:to air-to-ground and air-to-air
35:
2948:
2893:
2831:
2809:
2786:
2756:
2726:
2674:
2660:
2616:
2585:
2554:
2536:
2512:
2498:
2490:Oliver, David (19 April 2022).
2483:
2468:
2437:
2419:
2405:
2333:
2252:
2226:
2212:
2186:
2172:
2157:
2143:
2128:
2114:
2100:
2073:
2047:
2028:
2010:
1995:
1980:
1929:
1789:
1775:
1731:
1706:
1688:"Aero L-159.5831, výr. č. 5831"
1680:
258:continued developing the basic
2875:"212. Taktická letka - Čáslav"
2740:. 20 July 2022. Archived from
1962:"Aero to upgrade Czech L-159s"
1655:
1646:
1527:
1432:
1156:13,200 m (43,300 ft)
1093:8,000 kg (17,637 lb)
976:chose not to pursue the offer.
652:
234:
13:
1:
3014:Czech Air Force Yearbook 2016
2819:. Irishecho.com. 23 June 2015
1452:
1413:Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master
1087:4,350 kg (9,590 lb)
852:Draken International's L-159E
608:exchanged with the CzAF four
3495:Aircraft first flown in 1997
2955:Fredriksen, John C. (2001).
2544:"Aero Vodochody L-159E ALCA"
2238:Noticias Infodefensa España
1907:"Aero Vodochody L-159E ALCA"
1796:Khan, Bilal (3 April 2017).
1457:
787:
7:
3490:Single-engined jet aircraft
1325:
769:
721:
708:Israel Aerospace Industries
647:
409:) with up to four external
254:in 1991, the Czech company
226:") has been employed as an
10:
3516:
2859:Jackson 2003, pp. 100–101.
2841:. mezha.media. 11 May 2023
2479:. ukdefencejournal.org.uk.
2372:. Lebanon. 2 January 2014.
1389:Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet
1101:Honeywell/ITEC F124-GA-100
778:
755:
697:
430:Inertial Navigation System
400:Honeywell/ITEC F124-GA-100
175:. It was derived from the
3424:
3398:
3332:
3101:
2110:. AlJazeera. 25 May 2016.
2061:. Czech News Agency (CTK)
1759:. aero.cz. Archived from
922:Evaluation-only operators
734:
685:
665:
623:Draken International Inc.
434:Global Positioning System
353:
282:and weapon systems, with
140:
132:
124:
116:
111:
103:
88:
80:
68:
54:
49:
34:
29:
2370:The Daily Star – Lebanon
1632:. Taylor & Francis.
1509:Frawley, Gerald (2002).
1425:
1404:Textron AirLand Scorpion
1372:Aero L-59 Super Albatros
1031:Czech military web pages
872:Draken Europe (formerly
595:
385:ceramic ballistic armour
177:Aero L-59 Super Albatros
145:Aero L-59 Super Albatros
3500:Aero Vodochody aircraft
2932:m-selig.ae.illinois.edu
2646:LetectvĂ + Kosmonautika
2024:. Prague. 9 March 2015.
1667:ÄŚeskoslovenskĂ© letectvĂ
1037:General characteristics
1012:Specifications (L-159A)
911:Lewis Fighter Fleet LLC
642:Lewis Fighter Fleet LLC
627:United States Air Force
550:
442:multi-function displays
120:1997–2003 and 2016–2017
2974:Jackson, Paul (2003).
2764:"Make / Model Inquiry"
2345:Defense Industry Daily
2290:(in Czech). ECHO MEDIA
1652:Fredriksen 2001, p. 5.
1240:Air-to-ground missiles
1020:
970:Fouga CM.170 Magisters
880:, to be listed on the
853:
752:
731:
662:
530:
522:
456:radar warning receiver
363:
318:
316:Prague Aviation Museum
241:1989 Velvet Revolution
239:Immediately after the
1823:. Ministerstvo obrany
1573:. IHS. Archived from
1340:Czech Republic portal
1281:general-purpose bombs
1275:general-purpose bombs
1019:
907:– 21 L-159E aircraft.
851:
750:
729:
660:
633:to use its L-159s as
528:
520:
507:AN/AAQ-28(V) LITENING
495:aerial reconnaissance
368:light combat aircraft
361:
313:
231:L-159T2 two-seaters.
161:light combat aircraft
59:Light combat aircraft
2550:on 23 February 2017.
2433:. 30 September 2015.
2264:ČT24—Česká televize
1947:Soušek 2016, p. 4–8.
1935:Puttré 2004, p. 106.
1911:Draken International
1743:Flight International
905:Draken International
878:Draken International
692:Draken International
640:A separate company,
637:for pilot training.
299:fighter-bombers and
216:Draken International
3094:Aero Vodochody/Aero
2668:"Aero L-159T2 ALCA"
2532:on 2 November 2004.
2182:. 22 November 2021.
2139:. english.radio.cz.
2124:. ceskatelevize.cz.
2006:. english.radio.cz.
1917:on 23 February 2017
1877:Hillebrand, Niels.
1821:Ministry of Defence
1361:Related development
1223:AIM-9L/M Sidewinder
1215:Air-to-air missiles
1091:Max takeoff weight:
981:Potential operators
943:Hungarian Air Force
704:Farnborough Airshow
680:pulse-doppler radar
513:Operational history
264:L-59 Super Albatros
243:, the president of
50:General information
2881:on 26 January 2016
2444:Vrublová, Tereza.
2080:Jennings, Gareth.
1966:Air Forces Monthly
1858:on 4 December 2017
1718:GlobalSecurity.org
1604:Air Forces Monthly
1539:Air Forces Monthly
1485:. Flightglobal.com
1367:Aero L-39 Albatros
1126:Never exceed speed
1021:
1006:Aero L-39 Albatros
884:(G-XXXX) registry.
854:
844:Civilian operators
793:Military operators
753:
732:
663:
635:aggressor aircraft
531:
523:
499:electronic warfare
364:
319:
228:aggressor aircraft
181:Aero L-39 Albatros
3460:
3459:
3023:978-80-89169-35-1
2926:Lednicer, David.
2687:czechairforce.com
2494:. edrmagazine.eu.
1763:on 11 August 2014
1477:Stevenson, Beth.
1290:GBU-16 Paveway II
1285:GBU-12 Paveway II
710:and powered by a
328:Penta Investments
150:
149:
125:Introduction date
16:(Redirected from
3507:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3064:
3063:
3027:
3008:
2997:. Artech House.
2989:
2970:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2877:. Archived from
2871:
2860:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2774:on 28 March 2017
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2641:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2524:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2456:on 11 March 2016
2441:
2435:
2434:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2347:. 5 January 2014
2337:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2311:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2279:
2268:
2267:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2014:
2008:
2007:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1991:. ainonline.com.
1984:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1968:. KEY PUBLISHING
1957:
1948:
1945:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1913:. Archived from
1903:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1848:"L-159 Aircraft"
1844:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1813:
1802:
1801:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1606:. KEY PUBLISHING
1596:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1562:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1541:. KEY PUBLISHING
1531:
1525:
1524:
1506:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1474:
1446:
1436:
1409:Yakovlev Yak-130
1384:BAE Systems Hawk
1356:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1318:
1232:for but not with
1182:2Ă—20 mm gun pods
1180:ZVI PL-20 Plamen
1170:
1154:Service ceiling:
1148:AIM-9 Sidewinder
1114:
1039:
993:
991:
990:
974:Irish Government
957:
955:
954:
934:
932:
931:
896:
894:
893:
864:
862:
861:
828:
826:
825:
805:
803:
802:
582:Hamrin Mountains
544:Czech government
288:Czech government
284:Rockwell Collins
192:Czech government
165:advanced trainer
43:AIM-9 Sidewinder
39:
27:
26:
21:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3504:
3465:
3464:
3461:
3456:
3420:
3394:
3328:
3097:
3091:
3034:
3024:
3005:
2986:
2967:
2951:
2946:
2936:
2934:
2924:
2920:
2910:
2908:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2873:
2872:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2844:
2842:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2822:
2820:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2775:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2747:
2745:
2744:on 2 April 2023
2732:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2691:
2689:
2679:
2675:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2642:
2631:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2607:
2605:
2590:
2586:
2576:
2574:
2569:. Farnborough.
2559:
2555:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2529:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2488:
2484:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2442:
2438:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2350:
2348:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2324:
2322:
2313:
2312:
2303:
2293:
2291:
2280:
2271:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2243:
2241:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2203:
2201:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2162:
2158:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2133:
2129:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2091:
2089:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2062:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2033:
2029:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2000:
1996:
1985:
1981:
1971:
1969:
1958:
1951:
1946:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1887:
1885:
1875:
1871:
1861:
1859:
1846:
1845:
1836:
1826:
1824:
1815:
1814:
1805:
1794:
1790:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1766:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1745:. 24 July 2002.
1737:
1736:
1732:
1722:
1720:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1695:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1669:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1626:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1580:
1578:
1563:
1554:
1544:
1542:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1521:
1507:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1475:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1449:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1394:FMA IA-63 Pampa
1354:Aviation portal
1352:
1347:
1345:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1319:
1314:
1246:AGM-65 Maverick
1202:70 mm rockets)
1171:
1166:
1110:
1035:
1014:
988:
986:
983:
966:Irish Air Corps
952:
950:
929:
927:
924:
891:
889:
859:
857:
846:
837:Iraqi Air Force
823:
821:
814:Czech Air Force
800:
798:
795:
790:
781:
772:
758:
737:
724:
700:
688:
668:
655:
650:
631:Royal Air Force
619:
598:
586:Diyala province
558:Iraqi Air Force
553:
540:Czech Air Force
536:
515:
491:guided missiles
449:Collins ARC-182
438:head-up display
376:lead-in fighter
356:
340:Iraqi Air Force
237:
212:Iraqi Air Force
198:. In 1998, the
196:Czech Air Force
154:Aero L-159 ALCA
99:
97:Iraqi Air Force
93:Czech Air Force
45:
23:
22:
18:Aero L-159 Alca
15:
12:
11:
5:
3513:
3503:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3090:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3033:
3032:External links
3030:
3029:
3028:
3022:
3009:
3003:
2990:
2984:
2971:
2965:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2918:
2907:on 10 May 2017
2892:
2861:
2852:
2830:
2808:
2785:
2755:
2725:
2699:
2673:
2659:
2629:
2615:
2584:
2567:IHS Jane's 360
2553:
2535:
2511:
2497:
2482:
2467:
2450:Aero Vodochody
2436:
2431:ČeskéNoviny.cz
2418:
2404:
2375:
2358:
2332:
2301:
2269:
2251:
2225:
2211:
2200:on 12 May 2023
2185:
2171:
2156:
2142:
2127:
2113:
2099:
2086:IHS Jane's 360
2072:
2046:
2027:
2009:
1994:
1979:
1960:Warnes, Alan.
1949:
1937:
1928:
1895:
1869:
1852:Aero Vodochody
1834:
1803:
1788:
1774:
1748:
1730:
1705:
1679:
1654:
1645:
1638:
1617:
1588:
1577:on 6 June 2017
1565:Warnes, Alan.
1552:
1526:
1519:
1496:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1358:
1357:
1343:
1327:
1324:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1228:AIM-120 AMRAAM
1225:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1193:
1183:
1164:
1163:
1160:Rate of climb:
1157:
1151:
1137:
1131:
1122:
1119:Maximum speed:
1108:
1107:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1013:
1010:
998:
997:
982:
979:
978:
977:
962:
961:
947:
946:
939:
938:
923:
920:
919:
918:
908:
901:
900:
886:
885:
869:
868:
866:United Kingdom
845:
842:
841:
840:
833:
832:
818:
817:
810:
809:
807:Czech Republic
794:
791:
789:
786:
780:
777:
771:
768:
757:
754:
736:
733:
723:
720:
699:
696:
687:
684:
672:reconnaissance
667:
664:
654:
651:
649:
646:
618:
615:
597:
594:
562:United Kingdom
552:
549:
535:
534:Czech Republic
532:
514:
511:
505:including the
503:targeting pods
483:unguided bombs
440:(HUD) and two
355:
352:
305:Boeing Company
256:Aero Vodochody
245:Czechoslovakia
236:
233:
200:Boeing Company
173:Aero Vodochody
169:Czech Republic
148:
147:
142:
141:Developed from
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
126:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
95:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
75:Aero Vodochody
72:
66:
65:
56:
52:
51:
47:
46:
40:
32:
31:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3512:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3463:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3425:Under licence
3423:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3331:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3095:
3088:
3083:
3081:
3076:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3025:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3006:
3004:9781580538985
3000:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2985:0-7106-2537-5
2981:
2977:
2972:
2968:
2966:9781576073643
2962:
2958:
2953:
2952:
2933:
2929:
2922:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2856:
2840:
2834:
2818:
2812:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2789:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2759:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2729:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2688:
2684:
2677:
2669:
2663:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2625:
2619:
2603:
2599:
2598:Flight Global
2595:
2588:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2557:
2549:
2545:
2539:
2528:
2521:
2515:
2507:
2501:
2493:
2486:
2478:
2471:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2440:
2432:
2428:
2422:
2414:
2408:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2379:
2371:
2368:
2362:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2320:
2316:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2221:
2215:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2181:
2175:
2167:
2160:
2152:
2146:
2138:
2131:
2123:
2117:
2109:
2103:
2087:
2083:
2076:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2005:
1998:
1990:
1983:
1967:
1963:
1956:
1954:
1944:
1942:
1932:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1884:
1880:
1873:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1799:
1792:
1784:
1778:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1719:
1715:
1709:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1668:
1664:
1658:
1649:
1641:
1639:9780203964927
1635:
1631:
1624:
1622:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1540:
1536:
1530:
1522:
1520:1-875671-55-2
1516:
1512:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1462:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1355:
1344:
1341:
1330:
1323:
1322:
1321:Grifo-L Radar
1317:
1307:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1144:Mark 82 bombs
1141:
1140:Combat range:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1085:Empty weight:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1018:
1009:
1007:
1003:
996:
985:
984:
975:
971:
967:
964:
963:
960:
949:
948:
944:
941:
940:
937:
926:
925:
916:
912:
909:
906:
903:
902:
899:
898:United States
888:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
870:
867:
856:
855:
850:
838:
835:
834:
831:
820:
819:
815:
812:
811:
808:
797:
796:
785:
776:
767:
764:
749:
745:
743:
728:
719:
717:
713:
709:
705:
695:
693:
683:
681:
677:
673:
659:
645:
643:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
617:United States
614:
611:
607:
603:
593:
589:
587:
583:
577:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
548:
545:
541:
529:PL-20 gun pod
527:
519:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:Doppler radar
472:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
450:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
420:
416:
415:ejection seat
412:
408:
404:
401:
398:
393:
391:
386:
382:
377:
373:
369:
360:
351:
349:
345:
341:
335:
333:
332:V-Dot Systems
329:
323:
317:
312:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
285:
281:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:L-39 Albatros
257:
253:
249:
246:
242:
232:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
207:
205:
204:maiden flight
201:
197:
193:
189:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
159:
155:
146:
143:
139:
136:4 August 1997
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
91:
89:Primary users
87:
83:
79:
76:
73:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57:
53:
48:
44:
38:
33:
28:
19:
3462:
3410:
3399:1993-present
3013:
2994:
2975:
2959:. ABC-CLIO.
2956:
2949:Bibliography
2935:. Retrieved
2931:
2921:
2909:. Retrieved
2905:the original
2901:"L-159 Alca"
2895:
2883:. Retrieved
2879:the original
2855:
2843:. Retrieved
2833:
2821:. Retrieved
2811:
2794:
2788:
2776:. Retrieved
2772:the original
2768:FAA Registry
2767:
2758:
2748:26 September
2746:. Retrieved
2742:the original
2737:
2728:
2716:. Retrieved
2711:
2702:
2690:. Retrieved
2686:
2676:
2662:
2645:
2618:
2606:. Retrieved
2597:
2587:
2575:. Retrieved
2566:
2556:
2548:the original
2538:
2527:the original
2514:
2500:
2485:
2470:
2458:. Retrieved
2454:the original
2449:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2407:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2369:
2361:
2349:. Retrieved
2344:
2335:
2323:. Retrieved
2318:
2292:. Retrieved
2287:
2263:
2254:
2242:. Retrieved
2237:
2228:
2214:
2202:. Retrieved
2198:the original
2188:
2174:
2168:. janes.com.
2159:
2145:
2130:
2116:
2102:
2090:. Retrieved
2085:
2075:
2063:. Retrieved
2059:České noviny
2058:
2049:
2041:The Guardian
2040:
2030:
2021:
2012:
1997:
1982:
1970:. Retrieved
1965:
1931:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:the original
1910:
1886:. Retrieved
1882:
1872:
1860:. Retrieved
1856:the original
1851:
1825:. Retrieved
1820:
1817:"L-159 ALCA"
1791:
1777:
1765:. Retrieved
1761:the original
1751:
1733:
1721:. Retrieved
1717:
1708:
1696:. Retrieved
1691:
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1666:
1663:"Aero L 159"
1657:
1648:
1629:
1608:. Retrieved
1603:
1579:. Retrieved
1575:the original
1570:
1543:. Retrieved
1538:
1529:
1510:
1487:. Retrieved
1483:FlightGlobal
1482:
1442:
1434:
1422:
1399:Kawasaki T-4
1377:
1376:
1360:
1359:
1315:
1313:
1296:
1254:
1210:
1195:
1185:
1175:
1167:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1139:
1133:
1124:
1118:
1111:
1109:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:
999:
782:
773:
759:
741:
738:
701:
689:
678:multi-mode,
669:
639:
620:
599:
590:
578:
554:
537:
452:transceivers
446:
419:MIL-STD-1553
397:afterburning
394:
365:
336:
331:
324:
320:
276:
252:Soviet Union
248:Václav Havel
238:
224:Honey Badger
208:
185:
153:
151:
133:First flight
117:Manufactured
104:Number built
70:Manufacturer
2911:21 December
2885:21 December
2797:(10): 4–9.
2718:21 December
2692:18 November
2460:23 February
1800:. quwa.org.
1489:19 December
1418:Hongdu JL-8
1186:Hardpoints:
1112:Performance
1097:Powerplant:
1080:NACA 64A012
653:Single-seat
487:rocket pods
473:multi-mode
235:Development
84:Operational
63:jet trainer
61:/ advanced
3469:Categories
2600:. London.
2092:5 November
2065:5 November
1571:Jane's 360
1453:References
1443:L-159 Alca
1306:drop tanks
1178:up to 3 Ă—
1068:Wing area:
1002:Petr Pavel
610:CASA C-295
479:hardpoints
432:(INS) and
424:, include
411:drop tanks
128:April 2000
107:L-159A: 72
30:L-159 ALCA
3333:1945-1992
3102:1919-1938
2803:0024-1156
2654:0024-1156
2399:0005-2175
1757:"History"
1458:Citations
1211:Missiles:
1056:Wingspan:
1024:Data from
788:Operators
718:program.
712:Honeywell
602:EADS-CASA
600:In 2009,
381:composite
348:Argentina
3096:aircraft
2937:16 April
2778:27 March
2712:iDNES.cz
2602:Archived
2571:Archived
2351:23 April
2244:23 April
1921:15 March
1888:15 March
1862:15 March
1827:15 March
1767:2 August
1723:15 March
1698:16 March
1672:15 March
1326:See also
1316:Avionics
1301:2 Ă— 500
1230:(fitted
1196:Rockets:
1168:Armament
1104:turbofan
770:L-159T1+
742:L-159T2X
722:Two-seat
648:Variants
629:and the
570:Fallujah
407:wingtips
403:turbofan
392:cannon.
372:advanced
344:wet wing
293:MiG-23BN
280:avionics
183:series.
158:subsonic
2608:17 July
2577:17 July
2325:27 July
2294:27 July
2288:Echo 24
2204:26 June
2022:Reuters
1972:26 July
1883:MILAVIA
1610:25 July
1581:25 July
1545:25 July
1439:Acronym
1297:Others:
1279:Mark 83
1273:Mark 82
1075:Airfoil
1062:Height:
1050:Length:
995:Ukraine
959:Ireland
936:Hungary
779:L-159T2
756:L-159T1
751:L-159T1
698:F/A-259
471:Grifo L
444:(MFD).
422:databus
390:GSh-23L
272:Tunisia
112:History
3452:MB.200
3432:DH.50A
3416:Ae 270
3406:L-39NG
3360:Ae 345
3355:Ae 245
3350:Ae 145
3020:
3001:
2982:
2963:
2845:18 May
2801:
2652:
2397:
2319:Altair
1636:
1517:
1255:Bombs:
1134:Range:
992:
956:
933:
895:
874:Cobham
863:
827:
804:
735:L-159B
730:L-159B
686:L-159E
676:x-band
666:L-159A
661:L-159A
354:Design
188:Soviet
81:Status
3442:C-103
3411:L-159
3345:Ae 50
3340:Ae 45
3324:A.430
3319:A.330
3314:A.304
3309:A.300
3304:A.230
3299:A.204
3294:A.200
3289:A.134
3284:A.130
3279:A.125
3274:A.104
3269:A.102
3264:A.101
3259:A.100
3129:Ae 10
3124:Ae 04
3119:Ae 03
3114:Ae 02
3109:Ae 01
2823:2 May
2530:(PDF)
2523:(PDF)
2088:. IHS
1426:Notes
1176:Guns:
1146:, 2Ă—
1044:Crew:
606:Spain
596:Spain
574:Mosul
464:flare
460:chaff
426:Selex
301:Su-25
297:Su-22
268:Egypt
156:is a
3447:D-44
3390:L-60
3385:L-59
3380:L-39
3375:L-29
3370:HC-3
3365:HC-2
3254:A.46
3249:A.42
3244:A.38
3239:A.35
3234:A.34
3229:A.32
3224:A.30
3219:A.29
3214:A.27
3209:A.26
3204:A.25
3199:A.24
3194:A.23
3189:A.22
3184:A.21
3179:A.20
3174:A.19
3169:A.18
3164:A.17
3159:A.15
3154:A.14
3149:A.12
3144:A.11
3139:A.10
3018:ISBN
2999:ISBN
2980:ISBN
2961:ISBN
2939:2019
2913:2016
2887:2016
2847:2023
2825:2022
2799:ISSN
2780:2017
2750:2022
2720:2016
2694:2018
2650:ISSN
2610:2018
2579:2018
2462:2016
2395:ISSN
2353:2014
2327:2017
2296:2017
2246:2014
2206:2022
2094:2015
2067:2015
1974:2017
1923:2017
1890:2017
1864:2017
1829:2017
1769:2014
1725:2017
1700:2017
1674:2017
1634:ISBN
1612:2017
1583:2017
1547:2017
1515:ISBN
1491:2016
1200:CRV7
1190:AAMs
1099:1 Ă—
830:Iraq
551:Iraq
538:The
485:and
468:FIAR
462:and
383:and
295:and
270:and
214:and
163:and
152:The
55:Type
3437:C-3
3134:A.8
2795:L+K
2738:ACE
2391:176
1692:VHU
1263:CBU
1259:GBU
915:FAA
882:CAA
763:S/N
604:of
584:of
497:or
171:by
3471::
2930:.
2864:^
2766:.
2736:.
2710:.
2632:^
2596:.
2565:.
2448:.
2429:.
2389:.
2343:.
2304:^
2272:^
2084:.
2057:.
2039:.
2020:.
1964:.
1952:^
1940:^
1909:.
1898:^
1881:.
1850:.
1837:^
1819:.
1806:^
1741:.
1716:.
1690:.
1665:.
1620:^
1602:.
1591:^
1569:.
1555:^
1537:.
1499:^
1481:.
1465:^
1411:/
1261:,
1242::
1217::
1213:**
1029:,
694:.
576:.
509:.
3086:e
3079:t
3072:v
3026:.
3007:.
2988:.
2969:.
2941:.
2915:.
2889:.
2849:.
2827:.
2805:.
2782:.
2752:.
2722:.
2696:.
2656:.
2612:.
2581:.
2464:.
2401:.
2355:.
2329:.
2298:.
2248:.
2222:.
2208:.
2096:.
2069:.
2043:.
1976:.
1925:.
1892:.
1866:.
1831:.
1771:.
1727:.
1702:.
1676:.
1642:.
1614:.
1585:.
1549:.
1523:.
1493:.
1445:.
1303:L
1234:)
1128::
1077::
374:/
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_in_flight_(1).jpg)