380:
sexes from bark, dry leaves, twigs, grass and rootlets, often held together by strands of spider web. It is suspended conspicuously from a low branch of a tree, usually about 1.5–3 m (4.9–9.8 ft) above the ground. The date the eggs are laid vary from country to country, however it is usually from
October–January. The clutch size is 1-3 eggs, which are female takes on sole responsibility for incubating, incubation lasts for 16–17 days, while the male keeps guards the nest, signalling danger with a high-pitched call. The development and care of the young is little know but the male is the main provider of food to the young.
31:
75:
50:
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Both sexes perform a display flight, circling around a perch at a radius of 1bout a metre on rapidly fluttering wings, puffing out the back and rump feathers to show their white feather bases and giving the car horn call. The nest is an oval-shaped structure with a side entrance and is built by both
355:
Given its preference for dense forests and woodlands and its inconspicuous behaviour the
African broadbill can be difficult to see. It often remains motionless for long periods, perching upright on a low horizontal branch and calling infrequently. It feeds exclusively on invertebrates for which it
285:
The
African broadbill produces a very loud sound which has been compared to an old fashioned car horn. It is loud, vibrating "Prrrrup" which is produced during a display flight, and it may be preceded by softer more plaintive "tui-tui-tui" calls, which are also sometimes made without the car horn
261:. The upperparts are mainly olive-brown with black streaks, the bases of the feathers on the lower back and rump are white and are hidden when the bird is at rest. The underparts are buff or creamy-white with black streaks on the flanks and the breast. There is subspecific variation with
253:
The
African broadbill is a boldly streaked, largely brown, stocky flycatcher like bird. They have dark crowns which are black in the males and grey in the females of the eastern
347:
The
African broadbill occurs in the middle stratum of evergreen or lowland forest, dense deciduous thickets or other dense woodland, including riverine gallery forest.
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1148:
1228:
1083:
729:
1122:
672:
1127:
582:
This bird has a large range and is common in several regions. In southern Africa it has a scattered distribution because of
407:
There are currently nine recognised subspecies and they are listed below with their distributions from north west to south:
1243:
556:: south-western Tanzania, eastern Zimbabwe, southern Malawi, and central and southern Mozambique south to north eastern
713:
1192:
776:
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birds, is produced by the vibration of its wings during flight, the sound being produced by the sixth and seventh
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males weighed 21–26.9 g (0.74–0.95 oz) and females 17.4–27.5 g (0.61–0.97 oz).
186:
450:, N Gabon, north western Congo and locally in the south and east of the Central African Republic.
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Christopher J. Clark; Alexander N. G. Kirschel; Louis
Hadjioannou; Richard O. Prum (2016).
8:
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622:
397:
39:
30:
950:
832:
broadbills produce loud wingsong by aeroelastic flutter of medial primary wing feathers"
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forages on the ground, in the trees and occasionally hawking them in flight.
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distributions, one rather disjunct distribution in coastal West Africa from
311:, especially the southeastern part of the continent. There are two separate
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Zimmerman, Dale A.; Turner, Donald A.; Pearson, David J. (1996).
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331:. The main distribution covers southern and eastern Africa from
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273:. It measures 12–14 cm (4.7–5.5 in) in length and in
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and north eastern KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa and eastern
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514:: south-eastern Kenya, eastern Tanzania and north-eastern
269:
being whiter below with thicker streaks than, for example
289:
Unusually, the call of the
African broadbill, like other
680:
590:, but it is locally vulnerable due to loss of habitat.
766:
620:
593:This species lives in forests, dense woodland, and
679:. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (
646:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22698707A111225235.en
586:in the area. In general it is considered to be a
1220:
488:: north eastern Democratic Republic of Congo,
257:and blackish in both sexes of the subspecies
722:
922:SABAP - Southern African Bird Atlas Project
505:: central Kenya and north eastern Tanzania.
48:
29:
847:
699:
697:
644:
806:Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive
706:Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
539:, southern Zambia, northern and western
873:
871:
869:
867:
703:
1221:
946:Videos at the Internet Bird Collection
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376:have all been recorded as food items.
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769:Birds of Kenya and Northern Tanzania
1229:IUCN Red List least concern species
736:. worldbirdinfo.net. Archived from
660:
632:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
307:The African broadbill is native to
280:
13:
900:
785:
751:
483:Smithornis capensis meinertzhageni
14:
1260:
939:
467:and western and probably central
551:Smithornis capensis cryptoleucus
433:Smithornis capensis camarunensis
73:
889:. Iziko Museums of South Africa
836:Journal of Experimental Biology
621:BirdLife International (2017).
503:Hartert & van Someren, 1916
454:Smithornis capensis albigularis
302:
573:– south eastern KwaZulu-Natal.
522:Smithornis capensis conjunctus
509:Smithornis capensis suahelicus
248:
1:
600:
417::Sierra Leone, south eastern
412:Smithornis capensis delacouri
388:The generic name honours the
319:in the west eastwards to the
568:Smithornis capensis capensis
500:Smithornis capensis medianus
465:Democratic Republic of Congo
7:
1244:Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa
708:. Bloomsbury. p. 358.
383:
10:
1265:
704:Jobling, James A. (2010).
342:
968:
639:: e.T22698707A111225235.
350:
201:
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175:
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70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
951:Recordings at Xeno-canto
924:. Animal Demography Unit
321:Central African Republic
1249:Birds described in 1839
459:: western and northern
392:zoologist and explorer
402:Platyrhynchus capensis
227:black-capped broadbill
204:Platyrhynchus capensis
887:Biodiversity Explorer
771:. Helm. p. 495.
588:least-concern species
584:habitat fragmentation
225:), also known as the
883:(African broadbill)"
798:"African Broadbill (
681:https://www.itis.gov
231:Delacour's broadbill
1206:Smithornis-capensis
1014:Smithornis_capensis
1000:Smithornis capensis
970:Smithornis capensis
915:"African Broadbill"
881:Smithornis capensis
800:Smithornis capensis
730:"African Broadbill"
675:Smithornis capensis
625:Smithornis capensis
578:Conservation status
263:S.c. meinertzhageni
259:S.c. meinertzhageni
222:Smithornis capensis
179:Smithornis capensis
40:Conservation status
849:10.1242/jeb.131664
543:and north western
496:and western Kenya.
471:south to northern
233:, is a species of
24:African broadbill
1216:
1215:
1175:Open Tree of Life
962:Taxon identifiers
677:(A. Smith, 1839)"
572:
558:Northern Province
555:
531:of north eastern
526:
513:
504:
487:
486:van Someren, 1919
458:
448:Equatorial Guinea
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416:
327:and the northern
217:African broadbill
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842:(7): 1069–1075.
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571:(A. Smith, 1839)
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463:; south-eastern
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438:: south eastern
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414:
400:this species as
297:primary feathers
281:Sound production
206:
181:
161:S. capensis
78:
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808:. Lynx Edicions
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415:Bannerman, 1923
394:Dr Andrew Smith
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267:S.c. suahelicus
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16:Species of bird
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243:Calyptomenidae
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740:on 2016-11-07
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554:Clancey, 1963
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529:Caprivi Strip
525:Clancey, 1963
523:
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484:
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475:and northern
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457:Hartert, 1904
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421:and northern
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337:KwaZulu Natal
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323:and south to
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271:S.c. medianus
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55:Least Concern
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969:
926:. Retrieved
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891:. Retrieved
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821:
810:. Retrieved
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742:. Retrieved
738:the original
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685:. Retrieved
674:
650:. Retrieved
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436:Sharpe, 1905
432:
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370:caterpillars
362:grasshoppers
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317:Sierra Leone
306:
303:Distribution
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275:South Africa
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1097:iNaturalist
994:Wikispecies
652:12 November
535:, northern
512:Grote, 1926
446:, possibly
442:, southern
249:Description
1234:Smithornis
1223:Categories
1201:Xeno-canto
928:2016-11-07
893:2016-11-07
830:Smithornis
812:2016-11-07
744:2016-11-07
687:2016-11-07
601:References
597:thickets.
545:Mozambique
516:Mozambique
313:allopatric
292:Smithornis
255:subspecies
239:sub-oscine
148:Smithornis
404:in 1839.
398:described
366:Hemiptera
335:south to
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1141:22698707
1115:10219874
1040:22698707
1035:BirdLife
985:Q1061425
979:Wikidata
858:27030781
595:riparian
562:Eswatini
541:Zimbabwe
537:Botswana
469:Tanzania
444:Cameroon
425:east to
390:Scottish
384:Taxonomy
196:Synonyms
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1089:2484506
1063:afrbro1
1050:afrbro1
1022:Avibase
533:Namibia
440:Nigeria
423:Liberia
374:spiders
358:Beetles
343:Habitat
241:family
237:in the
189:, 1839)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
1180:283120
1154:363769
1128:563038
1071:EURING
856:
775:
712:
527:: the
494:Uganda
490:Rwanda
477:Malawi
473:Zambia
461:Angola
419:Guinea
351:Habits
309:Africa
286:call.
1193:16494
1167:73712
1110:IRMNG
1076:34900
1058:eBird
1047:BOW:
918:(PDF)
333:Kenya
329:Congo
325:Gabon
187:Smith
1149:NCBI
1136:IUCN
1123:ITIS
1102:8961
1084:GBIF
854:PMID
773:ISBN
710:ISBN
654:2021
637:2017
427:Togo
396:who
372:and
265:and
235:bird
215:The
117:Aves
1188:TSA
1009:ADW
844:doi
641:doi
229:or
1225::
1203::
1190::
1177::
1164::
1151::
1138::
1125::
1112::
1099::
1086::
1073::
1060::
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1024::
1011::
996::
981::
920:.
902:^
885:.
866:^
852:.
840:19
838:.
834:.
804:.
802:)"
787:^
753:^
732:.
696:^
662:^
635:.
629:.
609:^
492:,
368:,
364:,
360:,
339:.
299:.
245:.
931:.
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879:"
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846::
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815:.
781:.
747:.
718:.
690:.
683:)
673:"
656:.
643::
627:"
623:"
564:.
547:.
518:.
479:.
429:.
219:(
185:(
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
