1143:, an American Catholic bishop, philosopher, and theologian, writes in an article: "Hypatia was indeed a philosopher and she was indeed killed by a mob in 415, but practically everything else about the story that Gibbon and Sagan and Amenábar tell is false." Irene A. Artemi, a doctor of theology at Athens University, states: "The movie—albeit seemingly not turning against the Christian religion—is in fact portraying the Christians as fundamentalist, obscurantist, ignorant and fanatic." Similarly, atheist blogger Tim O'Neill remarks: "Over and over again, elements are added to the story that are not in the source material: the destruction of the library, the stoning of the Jews in the theatre, Cyril condemning Hypatia's teaching because she is a woman, the heliocentric 'breakthrough' and Hypatia's supposed irreligiosity." Edward J. Watts, though recognising the emotive power of the film, is critical of the film's historical distortions, such as changing philosophical insights into scientific inventions and discoveries to cater to a modern audience, fictional gender-based threats to Hypatia and visually lumping the monks together with the Taliban, that devalue Hypatia's own life and mischaracterise later centuries.
533:. Weisz was already a fan of Amenábar's work when she received the script, and was very interested in the role. Although she had not heard of Hypatia before, she felt that her history was still relevant to the contemporary world: "Really, nothing has changed. I mean, we have huge technological advances and medical advances, but in terms of people killing each other in the name of God, fundamentalism still abounds. And in certain cultures, women are still second-class citizens, and they're denied education." Weisz wanted to delve more into Hypatia's sexuality and her desires, but Amenábar disagreed. She also received science lessons to help inform her depiction of the character. At the 2009 Cannes Film Festival, Weisz spoke about her style and approach: "There's no way we could know how people behave in the 4th century. I imagine they were still human beings with the same emotions as we have now. There are cultural customs, I guess, which were different. We approach the acting style to make the people flesh and blood and to make the acting incredibly naturalistic."
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opposed to what, in her time and at her city, is offered—or rather, imposed by brute force—under the name of 'Christianity'. Nevertheless, she seems to me far more a follower of the precepts of
Christianity than are her persecutors and tormentors. (...) In particular, in watching the deeply moving final scene, her going calmly to her death amidst the jeering mob, I could not help but strongly recall Jesus Christ on his own way to Golgotha".
2321:"Ep. 15 is rather short, but gives interesting information: it contains a detailed description of a hydroscope which Synesius asks Hypatia to order for him in Alexandria, requesting that she herself oversee its construction.", Kari Vogt, "The Hierophant of Philosophy" - Hypatia of Alexandria, Kari Elisabeth Boerresen and Kari Vogt, Women's studies of the Christian and Islamic traditions: ancient, medieval, and Renaissance foremothers, p. 161 (1993).
2330:'For the sake of completeness we must mention that fact that SYNESIOS in his letter to HYPATIA mentions a hydrometer, which according to some was already known in the fourth century AD to PRISCIANUS, that is a century before SYNESIOS and HYPATIA.', Forbes, 'A Short History of the Art of Distillation: from the beginnings up to the death of Cellier Blumenthal', p. 25 (1970).
2312:'The invention of the astrolabe is usually attributed to Hipparchus of the second century BC. But there is no firm evidence to support this view. It is however certain that the instrument was well known to the Greeks before the beginning of the Christian era.', Sarma, 'The Archaic and the Exotic: studies in the history of Indian astronomical instruments', p. 241 (2008).
689:, a 4th-century Greek astronomer whose history, he felt, was still relevant in the 21st century: "We realized that this particular time in the world had a lot of connections with our contemporary reality. Then the project became really, really intriguing, because we realized that we could make a movie about the past while actually making a movie about the present."
543:, and Davus turns towards Christianity instead. When Hypatia is about to be stoned to death at the end of the film, he decides to suffocate her because he still loves her and doesn't want her to suffer any physical pain. The character of Davus was invented as "eyes for the audience" and is not based on any historical account.
2339:'In 402, Hypatia receives a letter from the ailing Synesius giving a brief description of what he calls a hydroscope. This is a scientific instrument which was then in common use, although Hypatian is often credited with its invention.', Waithe, 'Ancient women philosophers, 600 B.C.-500 A.D.', p. 192 (1987).
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used a mixture of sets and locations instead of CGI at Amenábar's direction. The construction of the set employed almost 400 people, and was the largest ever designed on the island. Actor
Charles Thake (Hesiquius) suffered minor facial injuries on the set when he collided with extras running during a
553:. Student of Hypatia, Orestes is an aristocrat, who like Davus, falls in love with her, and has a strong friendship with Hypatia. Isaac was familiar with the history of early Christianity during the period represented in the film, but like Weisz, he had not heard of Hypatia before joining the project.
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It's a movie that challenges the audience in terms of reasoning and trying to get into the story. I kept saying the movie is about astronomy and I wanted to express concepts that we study in school—science, mathematics—that don't show how fascinating the topic is . I wanted to translate fascination
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The set used in the film is meticulously historically authentic, showing a blend of Greek, Roman, and
Egyptian architectural styles that would have been fitting to the time period, but the costumes are anachronistic. The Roman soldiers are shown wearing generic armor and weapons resembling the type
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come into conflict. When the
Christians start verbally insulting the statues of the pagan gods, the pagans, including Orestes and Theon, ambush the Christians. However, in the ensuing battle, the pagans unexpectedly find themselves outnumbered by a large Christian mob. Theon is gravely injured, and
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did at some point house scrolls from the Great
Library, it is uncertain whether there were any scrolls at the time of its destruction in 391 AD (some sources prior to that date speak of them in the past tense). In the film, Christians rioters merely knock over all the statues and burn the scrolls,
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s scientific advisors, stated in an interview that "We know that
Hypatia lived in Alexandria in the IV and V centuries CE, until her death in 415. Only three primary sources mention Hypatia of Alexandria, apart from other secondary ones". He added that none of Hypatia's work has survived but it is
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In contrast, the New York-based Rev. Philip Grey wrote a positive review of the film and strongly recommended it: "Christians who see themselves in the fanatic, murderous monks of the film and feel offended need to do some serious soul-searching. (...) Hypatia as depicted in the film is firmly
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in May, and opened in Spain on 9 October 2009 becoming the highest-grossing film of the year for that country. Although the film had difficulty finding distribution, it was released country by country throughout late 2009 and early 2010. The film received a 53% overall approval rating from
1071:. However, it is generally accepted that the astrolabe had already been invented a couple of centuries earlier, and that the instrument was known to the Greeks before the Christian era. Similarly, the hydrometer was invented before Hypatia, and already known in her time. In this regard,
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as "an ambitious, cerebral and complex movie.... Unlike most toga movies, it doesn't rely on CGI spectacle, but real drama and ideas." Bradshaw also applauded Rachel Weisz's role as
Hypatia, calling it "an outstanding performance". American screenwriter and critic
2303:'It is generally accepted that Greek astrologers, in either the 1st or 2nd centuries BCE, invented the astrolabe', Krebs, 'Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions, and Discoveries of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance', p. 196 (2004).
415:, are immersed in the changing political and social landscape. She rejects Orestes's love as she prefers to devote herself to science. Davus assists Hypatia in her classes and is interested in science. He is also secretly in love with her.
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1116:, the larger research community associated with the Library, date to the 260s AD. Theon was the head of a school called the "mouseion", but it was probably another school named after the Hellenistic cult of the
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by having an object dropped from the mast of a moving ship, which demonstrates that a possible motion of the Earth would not affect the motion, relative to Earth, of a falling object on Earth. However, due to
1112:, appeared to burn the "Great Library"; however, no records of the historical Library of Alexandria existed anymore at the time Hypatia was born. The last references to anyone having held membership in the
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acknowledges that the film has been criticized for "perceived slights against
Christians" but that "its lack of condemnation of specific dogma makes the film's target seem to be fundamentalism in general".
513:, and they vow to kill her. Davus tries to run ahead to warn Hypatia, but she is captured. They strip Hypatia and are about to skin her alive until Davus persuades the mob otherwise, and they decide to
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on 9 October 2009, breaking box office records for that country. A limited release in the United States began on 28 May 2010, opening on two screens at the Paris
Theatre and the Sunshine Cinema in
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her instead. When the mob goes outside to collect stones, Davus suffocates her to spare her the pain of being stoned and tells the mob that she fainted. Davus leaves as they begin to stone her.
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spent three weeks with Amenábar in Madrid to do some preliminary work on the set designs and the recreation of the ancient city of
Alexandria so that previous animations could be generated.
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has described the film as "spectacularly anachronistic", singling out the film's portrayal of Hypatia's fictional discovery the law of free fall and heliocentric orbits for criticism.
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declares that the pagans are pardoned, but the Christians shall be allowed to take possession of the library. Hypatia and the pagans flee while trying to save the most important
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The film contains conflicting information regarding the fate of the Library of Alexandria and Hypatia's life. In one scene, inspired by the final episode of Carl Sagan's
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used in the first century AD, but the film is actually set in the fifth century AD, by which time Roman troops no longer wore segmented armor and would have instead worn
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by arguing that people far from the top would fall off the Earth. When they ask Davus what his opinion is, he avoids conflict by saying that only God knows these things.
908:. No objections were reported, and Vatican officials assisted in some of the religious depictions. According to Amenábar, "There's one scene in which Cyril reads from
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sent Hypatia a letter describing a hydrometer, and requesting her to have one constructed for him. There is no evidence that the historical Hypatia ever studied the
892:, based on 93 reviews with an average score of 5.7/10. The website's critics' consensus reads, "Noble goals and a gripping performance from Rachel Weisz can't save
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Rev. Philip B. Grey, "Real and perceived Christianity in today's mass media and popular culture" in 'Positive Christianity Review', Summer 2010 issue, p. 26, 29.
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thought, from secondary sources, that her main fields of study and work were geometry and astronomy. Mampaso dubiously claimed that Hypatia invented the
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with the pursuit of knowledge. I wanted to show astronomy and those who study it in the most appealing way. Those are the real heroes of the movie.
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1120:. There is, however, one very brief mention in the film that the library where most of the action happens is the "daughter" library. Although the
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To prepare for the task of recreating the ancient city of Alexandria without relying on computer generated imagery, Amenábar reviewed older
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The film grossed over $ 32.3 million (€21.4 million) by 1 December 2009, and about $ 35 million by 1 February 2010. As of 10 January 2011,
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before the Christians overtake the library and destroy its contents. Davus chooses to join the Christian forces. He later returns with a
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expecting an epic with swords, sandals and sex. I found swords and sandals, some unexpected opinions about sex, and a great deal more."
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A visually imposing, high-minded epic that ambitiously puts one of the pivotal moments in Western history onscreen for the first time.
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Judith S. McKenzie, Sheila Gibson and A. T. Reyes, "Reconstructing the Serapeum in Alexandria from the Archaeological Evidence",
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Hypatia, but he begins to sob and offers his sword to her. However, she removes his slave collar and tells him that he is free.
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s worldwide box office earnings were approximately $ 39 million. DVD and Blu-ray sales numbers are not publicly available.
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model that challenges it. Surrounded by religious turmoil and social unrest, Hypatia struggles to save the knowledge of
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whereas in reality they completely demolished the Serapeum to the ground, leaving no part of its structure intact.
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also strongly implies that Hypatia was an atheist, which directly contradicts the historical fact that she was a
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2112:"Holiday Box Office: "Agora," "Micmacs" Post Decent Debuts; Restored "Breathless" Scores (UPDATED)"
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as the primary producer alongside MOD Producciones and Himenóptero and it had the participation of
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643:(2004), he took a break and traveled to the island of Malta, where he used his free time to
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2519:. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press. pp. 11–13.
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The Religious Anti-Defamation Observatory (Observatorio Antidifamación Religiosa), a
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and tried to look for the softest version. In the English version, taken from the
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978:"scored the highest per-theater-average of any film in the marketplace" during the
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of 2009, earning over $ 10.3 million within four days of its release on 9 October.
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Before its release, the distribution company insisted on screening the film at the
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835:-locked DVD and Blu-ray formats. A Region 1-locked DVD was released October 2010.
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and reinforcing false clichés about the Catholic Church." Michael Ordoña of the
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galaxy, Amenábar began to discuss astronomy with his friends, speculating about
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as Davus, Hypatia's father's slave. Davus is in love with Hypatia, but it is an
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Alexander Sarantis, "Military Equipment and Weaponry: A Bibliographic Essay",
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The film uses a partial paraphrase of 1 Timothy 2:8 - 2:12, King James Version
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435:. The Christian siege of the library ends when an envoy of the Roman Emperor
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Hopewell, John; Emilio Mayorga (4 October 2009). "'Agora' Reigns in Spain".
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McClintock, Pamela; Sharon Swart (22 October 2009). "Epic Bow for 'Agora'".
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liked the film and gave it three stars out of four. He said: "I went to see
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By the fifth century AD, when the film is set, Roman soldiers wore either
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Hopewell, John; Emilio Mayorga (16 November 2009). "Spain B.O. Buoyant".
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2641:"The historical inaccuracies of the movie "AGORA" by Alejandro Amenabar"
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school, where future leaders are educated. Hypatia is the daughter of
332:. The film was produced by Fernando Bovaira and shot on the island of
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2768:"The Perniciously Persistent Myths of Hypatia and the Great Library,"
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1526:"At Cannes: Alejandro Amenabar's provocative new historical thriller"
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The Modern Cultural Myth of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
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was recorded as using the hydrometer before Hypatia was even born.
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of Alexandria. Hypatia continues to investigate the motions of the
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326:, a public gathering place in ancient Greece, similar to the Roman
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in Spain, including Best Original Screenplay. It was awarded the
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holiday weekend from 28 May through 31 May, just after its U.S.
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on 4 June, playing only two screens: at The Landmark theatre in
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Several years later, Orestes, now converted to Christianity, is
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The Rise and Fall of Alexandria: Birthplace of the Modern World
1511:"Alternavox at TIFF: In Conversation with...Alejandro Amenábar"
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259:
2990:"Remembering and Misremembering Hypatia: The Lessons of Agora"
1661:"Indie Focus: In 'Agora,' a faceoff between faith and science"
1415:"En primicia: Max Minghella y Oscar Isaac, estrellas de 'Ágor"
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Alejandro Amenábar's Agora Finally Bought for US Distribution
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was never widely released in the United States. According to
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from its muddled script, uneven acting, and choppy editing."
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The Cambridge History of Science: Volume 2, Medieval Science
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group, claimed that the film was responsible for "promoting
714:(1966). A year before the start of pre-production, designer
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Richeson, A. W. (November 1940). "Hypatia of Alexandria".
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McNary, Dave (18 November 2009). "'Agora' Finds Distrib".
2837:"Agora Strains to Keep Up With Its Own Staggering Vision"
2381:. Manchester, England: Palgrave, Macmillan. p. 183.
2166:"HIFF And Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Celebrate Ten Years"
2404:
Medieval Weapons: An Illustrated History of Their Impact
509:. Cyril convinces a mob of Christians that Hypatia is a
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The Midwest Quarterly A Journal of Contemporary Thought
2710:"Christians must resist dangerous silliness of 'Agora'"
2608:"Christians must resist dangerous silliness of 'Agora'"
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War and Warfare in Late Antiquity: Current Perspectives
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as Hypatia's student, and later prefect of Alexandria,
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Hypatia: The Life and Legend of an Ancient Philosopher
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Hypatia: The Life and Legend of an Ancient Philosopher
2075:"Movie review: 'Agora' shows the true casualty of war"
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1687:"Charles Thake sustains minor injuries on 'Agora' set"
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Christianization of Egypt, Lebanon and the Middle East
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City and School in Late Antique Athens and Alexandria
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Servicio de Información y Noticias Científicas (SINC)
1495:"Cannes Interview: Agora Director Alejandro Amenábar"
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Antonio Mampaso, a Spanish astrophysicist and one of
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De Pablos, Emiliano; John Hopewell (13 March 2008).
2275:"'El mejor legado de Hipatia es su propia historia'"
685:, but found himself most interested in the story of
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What Happened to the Ancient Library of Alexandria?
1554:"Weisz, Amenabar preach enlightenment with 'Agora'"
1087:or that she ever found any evidence to support it.
964:Based on North American theatre tracking data from
669:. Amenábar also studied historical figures such as
659:. He started to research astronomy and came across
505:, not a circular orbit, with the Sun at one of the
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Sun, the Moon, the five known "wanderers" (planets)
2997:, Summer 2013, volume 54, number 4, pages 352–369.
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2402:DeVries, Kelly & Robert Douglas Smith (2007).
2803:"Agora: The Arthouse Does the Summer Blockbuster"
2752:"Malta-filmed Agora premieres at Cannes tomorrow"
2475:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
1220:"Fox picks up Spanish rights to Amenabar's Agora"
344:(2007), was the historical adviser for the film.
293:co-stars as Davus, Hypatia's father's slave, and
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418:Meanwhile, social unrest begins challenging the
320:. The title of the film takes its name from the
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2184:"Special Screening of Agora with Rachel Weisz"
1795:"Civil groups protest new anti-Christian film"
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1733:"Cannes 2009: Agora World Premiere - Reviews"
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1018:Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Feature Film Prize
365:Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Feature Film Prize
2259:David C. Lindberg, Michael H. Shank (eds.),
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1358:"Hypatia, history and a never-ending story"
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2665:, Oxford University Press (2017), 145-147.
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480:religious objections against heliocentrism
431:Hypatia and the pagans take refuge in the
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1870:. Vol. 305, no. 33. p. 9.
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1108:, Christian rioters, under the decree of
740:began on 17 March 2008, on the island of
310:relationship between religion and science
2944:"Love Amid the Togas and the Intolerant"
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2273:Sacristán, Enrique (10 September 2009).
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1465:"Interview: Alejandro Amenabar on Agora"
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888:The film holds a 53% approval rating on
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3558:English-language historical drama films
3398:Biographical films about mathematicians
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1509:Saavedra, Mikhail (18 September 2009).
1451:
350:was screened out of competition at the
3375:
3275:
3078:
2976:"Focus Features acquires epic 'Agora'"
2926:"Science vs. Zealots, 1,500 Years Ago"
2920:
2834:
2778:
2749:
2704:
2638:
2602:
2352:, Oxford University Press (2017), 145.
2072:
1863:
1789:
1787:
1580:
1334:. hollywoodandfine.com. Archived from
1307:
1305:
1067:, together with Hypatia, invented the
1027:
744:, and was scheduled to last 15 weeks.
3453:Films set in 4th-century Roman Empire
3249:
3052:
2938:
2815:
2800:
2737:"Weisz, Minghella to star in 'Agora'"
2677:
2639:Artemi, Irene A. (12 February 2010).
2512:
2501:
2283:Organization of Ibero-American States
2133:
2109:
2026:
2024:
1805:Observatorio Antidifamación Religiosa
1730:
1684:
1658:
1649:
1627:
1404:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1217:
403:of Alexandria. Hypatia, her father's
246:) is a 2009 English-language Spanish
3443:Films directed by Alejandro Amenábar
2816:Mayer, Sophie (June 2010). "Agora".
2188:Hamptons International Film Festival
1842:Mikado distribuirà agorà in Italia
1326:
1213:
1211:
1022:Hamptons International Film Festival
843:
369:Hamptons International Film Festival
274:, who investigates the flaws of the
3498:Films with screenplays by Mateo Gil
2898:Mathematical Association of America
2263:, Cambridge University Press, 2013.
1784:
1581:Quílez, Raquel (24 February 2019).
1467:. scottholleran.com. Archived from
1302:
793:Toronto International Film Festival
13:
3448:Films scored by Alejandro Amenábar
2671:
2021:
1933:Blu-Ray.com release info for Agora
1524:Goldstein, Patrick (17 May 2009).
1439:. Estrenos de Cine. 8 October 2009
1390:"Rachel Weisz in Cannes for Agora"
1275:
1239:
1169:List of films about mathematicians
14:
3574:
3533:Films produced by Álvaro Augustin
3022:
2554:10.1163/ej.9789004165458.i-259.35
2142:. Movie City News. Archived from
1630:"Bovaira takes wraps off 'Agora'"
1313:""Agora" entrevista Rachel Weisz"
1208:
1179:List of films set in ancient Rome
314:decline of Greco-Roman polytheism
3468:Films set in classical antiquity
3438:Films scored by Dario Marianelli
2835:Orange, Michelle (28 May 2010).
2542:"Demise Of The Daughter Library"
1819:"Il film che l'Italia non vedrà"
1817:Amabile, Flavia (10 July 2009).
1685:Vella, Matthew (16 April 2008).
1493:Billington, Alex (26 May 2009).
1049:The Cambridge History of Science
473:of the solar system proposed by
407:, Davus, and two of her pupils,
3463:Films set in ancient Alexandria
3003:"Una strana Ipazia illuminista"
2784:"Reason is the star of "Agora""
2655:
2632:
2596:
2583:
2570:
2533:
2471:"Alexandria: Library of Dreams"
2462:
2449:
2424:
2395:
2342:
2333:
2324:
2315:
2306:
2297:
2266:
2253:
2158:
2136:"True Grit: The Sands of Tommy"
2103:
2094:
2073:Ordoña, Michael (4 June 2010).
2066:
2055:
2009:"'Agora' review by Roger Ebert"
2001:
1969:
1948:
1937:
1926:
1908:
1882:
1857:
1810:
1755:
1706:
1678:
1628:Rolfe, Pamela (14 March 2008).
1621:
1595:
1574:
1545:
1517:
1463:Holleran, Scott (30 May 2010).
862:British writer and film critic
809:West Coast of the United States
342:The Rise and Fall of Alexandria
3523:Cultural depictions of Hypatia
3503:Spanish historical drama films
3433:English-language Spanish films
3413:Films about religious violence
2591:The Encyclopedia of Epic Films
2436:Australian National University
2134:Klady, Leonard (31 May 2010).
1955:McCarthy, Todd (25 May 2009).
1552:Germain, David (17 May 2009).
1429:
1382:
1350:
1174:List of historical drama films
1016:, winning 7. The film won the
920:." The line is excerpted from
772:scene. Filming ended in June.
620:
489:The leader of the Christians,
469:Hypatia also investigates the
1:
3388:2009 biographical drama films
2889:National Mathematics Magazine
2750:Debono, Galea (16 May 2009).
2234:O'Neill, Tim. (20 May 2010).
2190:. 26 May 2010. Archived from
1603:"Agora Starts Shooting Stars"
1218:Evans, Chris (13 July 2009).
1202:
1192:List of Spanish films of 2009
1133:follower of the teachings of
959:Spain's highest-grossing film
949:
822:
815:and at Regal's Westpark 8 in
615:
151:Fox International Productions
3548:2000s English-language films
3393:2000s historical drama films
3005:(in Italian). Archived from
3001:A. Zaccuri (14 April 2010).
2962:"Alejandro Amenábar's Agora"
2678:Alter, Ethan (25 May 2010).
2578:The Journal of Roman Studies
2110:Knegt, Peter (1 June 2010).
1417:. HolaTV.com. 9 October 2009
1020:(US$ 25,000) in 2009 at the
1004:
838:
486:come into violent conflict.
254:and written by Amenábar and
160:Focus Features International
7:
2801:Lopez, John (28 May 2010).
2580:, volume 94 (2004), 73-121.
2375:Theodore, Jonathan (2016).
1714:"Festival de Cannes: Agora"
1659:Olsen, Mark (30 May 2010).
1146:
10:
3579:
2980:United Press International
2685:Film Journal International
1332:"The Rachel Weisz theorem"
775:
732:
3319:
3284:
3218:
3195:
3086:
2540:El-Abbadi, M. A. (2008).
2513:Watts, Edward J. (2008).
2432:"Scale (Lorica Squamata)"
2236:"Hypatia and Agora Redux=
1944:Amazon.com page for Agora
1363:The Sydney Morning Herald
1157:– an 1853 novel by
807:. The film opened on the
785:2009 Cannes Film Festival
665:, by American astronomer
662:Cosmos: A Personal Voyage
637:After Amenábar completed
352:2009 Cannes Film Festival
336:from March to June 2008.
223:
215:
207:
199:
189:
166:
146:
118:
108:
100:
92:
74:
64:
50:
40:
28:
23:
3478:Films set in Roman Egypt
1916:"Newmarket Films: Agora"
1583:"Amenábar se pone épico"
900:Response from Christians
763:during filming in Malta.
759:and Production Designer
564:Theophilus of Alexandria
387:, and Greek philosopher
175:9 October 2009
2469:Bagnall, R. S. (2002).
520:
433:Library of the Serapeum
374:
312:at the time amidst the
3538:20th Century Fox films
3518:MOD Producciones films
3513:Telecinco Cinema films
3473:Films set in libraries
3408:Films about philosophy
3403:Films about scientists
3205:For the Good of Others
2863:; Howard Reid (2007).
2828:British Film Institute
1807:Retrieved 4 July 2021.
1635:The Hollywood Reporter
1164:Serapeum of Alexandria
1122:Serapeum of Alexandria
1045:
860:
764:
635:
399:, the director of the
243:
155:Hispano Foxfilm S.A.E.
3162:(2015, also produced)
3150:(2009, also produced)
3138:(2004, also produced)
2406:. ABC-CLIO. pp.
1731:Fiona (18 May 2009).
1437:"Agora - Oscar Isaac"
1035:
1012:was nominated for 13
847:
750:
738:Principal photography
653:extraterrestrial life
645:explore the night sky
624:
531:Hypatia of Alexandria
464:the Earth is a sphere
3543:Focus Features films
3293:Nobody Knows Anybody
2680:"Film Review: Agora"
1847:22 July 2011 at the
1799:Catholic News Agency
1283:"Film #33537: Agora"
1225:Screen International
1185:The Name of the Rose
1085:Aristarchus of Samos
1073:Pappus of Alexandria
933:hatred of Christians
767:Production designer
699:The Ten Commandments
556:Sami Samir as Saint
475:Aristarchus of Samos
422:rule of the city as
391:is a teacher at the
3553:2000s Spanish films
3483:Films shot in Malta
2987:Viney, Donald Wayne
2789:The Washington Post
2722:on 19 November 2016
2194:on 25 November 2010
2132:For hard data see:
1718:festival-cannes.com
1392:. Films & Stars
1065:Theon of Alexandria
1028:Historical accuracy
795:in September 2009.
592:, father of Hypatia
590:Theon of Alexandria
558:Cyril of Alexandria
287:classical antiquity
104:Nacho Ruiz Capillas
3508:Spanish epic films
3219:TV series directed
3080:Alejandro Amenábar
2949:The New York Times
2931:The New York Times
2715:Catholic New World
2661:Edward Jay Watts,
2643:. Orthodoxos Typos
2613:Catholic New World
2348:Edward Jay Watts,
2140:The Weekend Report
1081:heliocentric model
1046:
966:Rentrak Theatrical
922:1 Timothy 2:8–2:12
914:King James version
765:
757:Alejandro Amenábar
632:Alejandro Amenábar
609:research assistant
600:Synesius of Cyrene
471:heliocentric model
306:historical fiction
289:from destruction.
252:Alejandro Amenábar
55:Alejandro Amenábar
45:Alejandro Amenábar
3370:
3369:
3243:
3242:
2878:978-0-14-311251-8
2871:. Penguin Group.
2819:Sight & Sound
2388:978-1-137-56997-4
2146:on 11 August 2010
2122:on 7 January 2011
2080:Los Angeles Times
2014:Chicago Sun-Times
1979:(22 April 2010).
1665:Los Angeles Times
1531:Los Angeles Times
1513:. Alternavox.net.
938:Los Angeles Times
844:Critical response
783:premiered at the
562:Manuel Cauchi as
449:sexually assaults
308:to highlight the
250:film directed by
231:
230:
18:2009 Spanish film
3570:
3528:2009 drama films
3493:Roman Alexandria
3423:Christianization
3270:
3263:
3256:
3247:
3246:
3236:
3235:
3211:
3210:
3188:
3187:
3176:
3175:
3164:
3163:
3152:
3151:
3140:
3139:
3128:
3127:
3116:
3115:
3104:
3103:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3050:
3049:
3034:
3033:
3031:Official website
3018:
3016:
3014:
3009:on 18 April 2010
2983:
2971:
2953:
2935:
2917:
2882:
2870:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2843:. Archived from
2831:
2812:
2797:
2796:on 11 June 2010.
2792:. Archived from
2761:
2746:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2718:. Archived from
2701:
2699:
2697:
2692:on 31 March 2013
2688:. Archived from
2666:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2616:. Archived from
2600:
2594:
2587:
2581:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2510:
2499:
2498:
2466:
2460:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2372:
2353:
2346:
2340:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2322:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2295:
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2292:
2290:
2270:
2264:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2231:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2118:. Archived from
2107:
2101:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2070:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2028:
2019:
2018:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1952:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1896:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1861:
1855:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1823:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1791:
1782:
1781:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1739:. Archived from
1729:
1727:
1725:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1656:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1490:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1460:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1368:Associated Press
1354:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1309:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1248:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1215:
1159:Charles Kingsley
929:Spanish Catholic
858:
831:was released in
769:Guy Hendrix Dyas
761:Guy Hendrix Dyas
723:Telecinco Cinema
716:Guy Hendrix Dyas
694:sword-and-sandal
633:
605:Homayoun Ershadi
586:Michael Lonsdale
566:, uncle of Cyril
279:Ptolemaic system
248:historical drama
182:
180:
153:(Spain; through
135:MOD Producciones
131:Telecinco Cinema
113:Dario Marianelli
68:Fernando Bovaira
33:
21:
20:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3315:
3280:
3274:
3244:
3239:
3233:
3227:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3202:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3131:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3088:
3082:
3077:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3012:
3010:
2974:
2960:(28 May 2010).
2942:(28 May 2010).
2924:(21 May 2010).
2906:10.2307/3028426
2879:
2861:Pollard, Justin
2850:
2848:
2782:(2 June 2010).
2725:
2723:
2695:
2693:
2674:
2672:Further reading
2669:
2660:
2656:
2646:
2644:
2637:
2633:
2623:
2621:
2601:
2597:
2588:
2584:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2538:
2534:
2527:
2511:
2502:
2467:
2463:
2454:
2450:
2440:
2438:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2418:
2400:
2396:
2389:
2373:
2356:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2288:
2286:
2271:
2267:
2258:
2254:
2244:
2242:
2238:Armarium Magnum
2232:
2207:
2197:
2195:
2182:
2175:
2173:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2149:
2147:
2125:
2123:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2085:
2083:
2071:
2067:
2060:
2056:
2046:
2044:
2037:Rotten Tomatoes
2030:
2029:
2022:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1992:
1990:
1986:TheGuardian.com
1977:Bradshaw, Peter
1974:
1970:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1938:
1931:
1927:
1920:Newmarket Films
1914:
1913:
1909:
1887:
1883:
1862:
1858:
1849:Wayback Machine
1833:
1831:
1821:
1815:
1811:
1793:
1792:
1785:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1743:on 24 July 2011
1723:
1721:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1695:
1683:
1679:
1669:
1667:
1657:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1626:
1622:
1612:
1610:
1609:. 13 March 2008
1601:
1600:
1596:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1563:
1559:TheGuardian.com
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1522:
1518:
1500:
1498:
1497:. First Showing
1491:
1484:
1474:
1472:
1471:on 16 July 2011
1461:
1452:
1442:
1440:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1420:
1418:
1413:
1412:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1341:
1339:
1330:(1 June 2010).
1318:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1303:
1293:
1291:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1257:Box Office Mojo
1250:
1249:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1216:
1209:
1205:
1149:
1110:Pope Theophilus
1030:
1007:
992:Box Office Mojo
984:limited release
952:
902:
890:Rotten Tomatoes
859:
854:Todd McCarthy,
853:
846:
841:
827:In March 2010,
825:
778:
735:
679:Johannes Kepler
634:
631:
623:
618:
541:unrequited love
523:
383:is part of the
377:
357:Rotten Tomatoes
340:, co-author of
304:The story uses
192:
185:
178:
176:
169:
162:(international)
158:
142:
141:
123:
121:
85:
81:
70:Álvaro Augustin
69:
57:
36:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3576:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3356:
3348:
3344:The Sea Inside
3340:
3332:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3305:
3297:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3273:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3250:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3224:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3199:
3197:
3196:Films produced
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3177:
3165:
3153:
3141:
3134:The Sea Inside
3129:
3117:
3110:Open Your Eyes
3105:
3092:
3090:
3087:Films directed
3084:
3083:
3076:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3035:
3024:
3023:External links
3021:
3020:
3019:
2998:
2984:
2982:. 19 May 2008.
2972:
2954:
2936:
2918:
2883:
2877:
2857:
2847:on 1 June 2010
2832:
2813:
2798:
2776:
2775:, 4 June 2010.
2765:Hart, David B.
2762:
2757:Times of Malta
2747:
2732:
2708:(9 May 2010).
2706:Barron, Robert
2702:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2654:
2631:
2620:on 8 July 2011
2606:(9 May 2010).
2604:Barron, Robert
2595:
2582:
2569:
2562:
2532:
2525:
2500:
2481:(4): 348–362.
2461:
2448:
2423:
2416:
2394:
2387:
2354:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2314:
2305:
2296:
2265:
2252:
2205:
2157:
2102:
2093:
2065:
2054:
2042:Fandango Media
2020:
2000:
1968:
1947:
1936:
1925:
1907:
1881:
1856:
1809:
1783:
1754:
1705:
1677:
1648:
1620:
1594:
1573:
1544:
1516:
1482:
1450:
1428:
1403:
1381:
1349:
1338:on 5 June 2010
1328:Fine, Marshall
1315:. Zona Trailer
1301:
1274:
1238:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1148:
1145:
1040:(pictured) or
1029:
1026:
1006:
1003:
974:reported that
951:
948:
901:
898:
864:Peter Bradshaw
851:
845:
842:
840:
837:
824:
821:
777:
774:
734:
731:
696:films such as
640:The Sea Inside
629:
622:
619:
617:
614:
613:
612:
602:
593:
583:
567:
560:
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534:
522:
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503:elliptic orbit
376:
373:
338:Justin Pollard
229:
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147:Distributed by
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93:Cinematography
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34:
26:
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3346:
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3338:
3337:
3336:Abre los ojos
3333:
3330:
3329:
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3324:
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3318:
3311:
3310:
3306:
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3298:
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2999:
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2969:
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2963:
2959:
2958:Stevens, Dana
2955:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2923:
2922:Rohter, Larry
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
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2899:
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2804:
2799:
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2791:
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2785:
2781:
2780:Jacoby, Susan
2777:
2774:
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2563:9789047433026
2559:
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2528:
2526:9780520258167
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2417:9781851095261
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2145:
2141:
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2082:
2081:
2076:
2069:
2063:
2058:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2004:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1965:. p. 16.
1964:
1963:
1962:Daily Variety
1958:
1951:
1945:
1940:
1934:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1903:
1902:
1901:Daily Variety
1894:
1893:
1892:Daily Variety
1885:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1867:Daily Variety
1860:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1829:
1828:
1820:
1813:
1806:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1765:Daily Variety
1758:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1720:. 17 May 2009
1719:
1715:
1709:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1681:
1666:
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1655:
1653:
1637:
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1624:
1608:
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1598:
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1561:
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1470:
1466:
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1416:
1410:
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1391:
1385:
1370:. 19 May 2009
1369:
1365:
1364:
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1353:
1337:
1333:
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1308:
1306:
1290:
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1141:Robert Barron
1138:
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830:
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805:New York City
802:
798:
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790:
786:
782:
773:
770:
762:
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754:
749:
745:
743:
739:
730:
728:
727:Canal+ España
724:
719:
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713:
712:
707:
706:
701:
700:
695:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:
658:
657:other planets
654:
650:
647:. Seeing the
646:
642:
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628:
610:
606:
603:
601:
597:
594:
591:
587:
584:
582:
579:
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571:
570:Ashraf Barhom
568:
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555:
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542:
538:
537:Max Minghella
535:
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83:Max Minghella
80:
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63:
60:
56:
53:
49:
46:
43:
39:
35:Teaser poster
32:
27:
22:
16:
3359:
3358:
3350:
3342:
3334:
3326:
3320:Written only
3307:
3299:
3291:
3228:
3203:
3180:
3170:While at War
3168:
3156:
3145:
3144:
3132:
3120:
3108:
3096:
3038:
3011:. Retrieved
3007:the original
2992:
2965:
2947:
2940:Scott, A. O.
2929:
2893:
2887:
2866:
2849:. Retrieved
2845:the original
2823:
2817:
2806:
2794:the original
2787:
2772:First Things
2770:
2755:
2740:
2724:. Retrieved
2720:the original
2713:
2694:. Retrieved
2690:the original
2683:
2662:
2657:
2645:. Retrieved
2634:
2622:. Retrieved
2618:the original
2611:
2598:
2590:
2589:"Agora", in
2585:
2577:
2572:
2545:
2535:
2515:
2478:
2474:
2464:
2456:
2451:
2439:. Retrieved
2426:
2403:
2397:
2377:
2349:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2287:. Retrieved
2278:
2268:
2260:
2255:
2243:. Retrieved
2237:
2196:. Retrieved
2192:the original
2174:. Retrieved
2170:Hamptons.com
2169:
2160:
2148:. Retrieved
2144:the original
2139:
2124:. Retrieved
2120:the original
2105:
2096:
2084:. Retrieved
2078:
2068:
2057:
2045:. Retrieved
2035:
2012:
2003:
1991:. Retrieved
1984:
1971:
1960:
1950:
1939:
1928:
1910:
1899:
1895:. p. 5.
1890:
1884:
1865:
1859:
1832:. Retrieved
1830:(in Italian)
1825:
1812:
1769:
1763:
1757:
1745:. Retrieved
1741:the original
1736:
1722:. Retrieved
1717:
1708:
1696:. Retrieved
1690:
1680:
1668:. Retrieved
1664:
1639:. Retrieved
1633:
1623:
1611:. Retrieved
1606:
1597:
1586:
1576:
1564:. Retrieved
1557:
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1529:
1519:
1499:. Retrieved
1473:. Retrieved
1469:the original
1441:. Retrieved
1431:
1419:. Retrieved
1394:. Retrieved
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1361:
1352:
1340:. Retrieved
1336:the original
1317:. Retrieved
1292:. Retrieved
1286:
1277:
1265:. Retrieved
1255:
1229:. Retrieved
1223:
1183:
1152:
1139:
1131:Neoplatonist
1126:
1103:
1101:
1089:
1083:proposed by
1055:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1009:
1008:
998:
996:
987:
980:Memorial Day
975:
969:
963:
954:
953:
944:
936:
926:
903:
893:
887:
882:
873:
869:The Guardian
867:
861:
855:
848:
828:
826:
796:
780:
779:
766:
736:
720:
709:
708:(1959), and
703:
697:
691:
660:
638:
636:
625:
596:Rupert Evans
527:Rachel Weisz
488:
468:
453:
437:Theodosius I
417:
385:Roman Empire
378:
347:
346:
341:
327:
321:
303:
283:heliocentric
264:Rachel Weisz
234:
233:
232:
227:$ 39 million
191:Running time
168:Release date
96:Xavi Giménez
79:Rachel Weisz
15:
3221:and written
3182:The Captive
3089:and written
3013:10 February
2808:Vanity Fair
2624:11 February
2198:16 November
1692:Malta Today
1197:New Atheism
1093:scale armor
1038:scale armor
1014:Goya Awards
879:Roger Ebert
813:Los Angeles
755:, Director
753:Oscar Isaac
621:Development
547:Oscar Isaac
379:In 391 AD,
361:Goya Awards
295:Oscar Isaac
272:Roman Egypt
219:€50 million
195:126 minutes
138:Himenóptero
87:Oscar Isaac
65:Produced by
41:Directed by
3383:2009 films
3377:Categories
3352:The Method
3301:Blackthorn
3230:La Fortuna
3158:Regression
3122:The Others
2172:. Hamptons
1840:See also:
1803:See also:
1737:filmofilia
1607:4RFV.co.uk
1507:See also:
1325:See also:
1231:9 November
1203:References
1097:chain mail
1061:hydrometer
1042:chain mail
950:Box office
823:Home media
799:opened in
675:Copernicus
667:Carl Sagan
616:Production
578:Parabalani
428:Christians
381:Alexandria
359:and seven
276:geocentric
224:Box office
179:2009-10-09
120:Production
51:Written by
3278:Mateo Gil
3276:Films by
2900:: 74–82.
2841:Movieline
2548:: 89–93.
2487:0003-049X
2116:indieWire
1876:0011-5509
1827:La Stampa
1778:0011-5509
1772:(14): 8.
1069:astrolabe
1005:Accolades
971:indieWIRE
839:Reception
649:Milky Way
256:Mateo Gil
122:companies
101:Edited by
59:Mateo Gil
3285:Directed
2126:20 April
1989:. London
1845:Archived
1588:El Mundo
1562:. London
1147:See also
1135:Plotinus
1114:Mouseion
1077:Synesius
910:St. Paul
852:—
833:Region 2
702:(1956),
630:—
574:Ammonius
413:Synesius
393:Platonic
316:and the
281:and the
208:Language
109:Music by
75:Starring
3309:Realive
2914:3028426
2742:Variety
2495:1558311
2441:20 June
2032:"Agora"
1981:"Agora"
1957:"Agora"
1288:Lumiere
1252:"Agora"
1154:Hypatia
916:of the
906:Vatican
856:Variety
776:Release
733:Filming
711:Pharaoh
705:Ben-Hur
687:Hypatia
683:Galileo
671:Ptolemy
551:Orestes
456:prefect
445:gladius
441:scrolls
409:Orestes
401:Musaeum
389:Hypatia
367:at the
299:Orestes
268:Hypatia
240:Spanish
211:English
200:Country
177: (
3363:(2009)
3355:(2005)
3347:(2004)
3339:(1997)
3331:(1996)
3312:(2016)
3304:(2011)
3296:(1999)
3234:(2021)
3209:(2010)
3174:(2019)
3126:(2001)
3114:(1997)
3102:(1996)
3098:Thesis
2912:
2875:
2851:2 June
2726:3 June
2696:31 May
2647:4 July
2560:
2523:
2493:
2485:
2459:, 161.
2414:
2385:
2289:4 July
2245:4 July
2176:4 July
2150:2 June
2086:4 July
2047:4 July
1993:4 July
1874:
1834:4 July
1776:
1747:4 July
1724:4 July
1698:4 July
1670:4 July
1641:4 July
1613:4 July
1566:4 July
1537:4 July
1501:4 July
1475:4 June
1443:4 July
1421:4 July
1396:4 July
1374:4 July
1342:9 June
1319:4 July
1294:4 July
1267:4 July
1105:Cosmos
1056:Agora'
999:Agora'
817:Irvine
751:Actor
499:Cyrene
495:Bishop
424:Pagans
262:stars
260:biopic
258:. The
216:Budget
3360:Agora
3328:Tesis
3186:(TBA)
3146:Agora
3039:Agora
2967:Slate
2910:JSTOR
2896:(2).
2830:: 60.
2826:(6).
2491:JSTOR
2408:24–27
2285:(OEI)
1904:: 11.
1822:(PDF)
1127:Agora
1118:Muses
1010:Agora
988:Agora
976:Agora
955:Agora
918:Bible
894:Agora
883:Agora
874:Agora
866:, of
829:Agora
801:Spain
797:Agora
789:Italy
781:Agora
742:Malta
515:stone
511:witch
491:Cyril
420:Roman
405:slave
397:Theon
348:Agora
334:Malta
329:forum
323:agora
244:Ágora
235:Agora
203:Spain
24:Agora
3044:IMDb
3015:2011
2873:ISBN
2853:2010
2728:2010
2698:2010
2649:2021
2626:2011
2558:ISBN
2521:ISBN
2483:ISSN
2443:2015
2412:ISBN
2383:ISBN
2291:2021
2247:2021
2200:2010
2178:2021
2152:2010
2128:2020
2088:2021
2049:2021
1995:2021
1872:ISSN
1836:2021
1774:ISSN
1749:2021
1726:2021
1700:2021
1672:2021
1643:2021
1615:2021
1568:2021
1539:2021
1503:2021
1477:2010
1445:2021
1423:2021
1398:2021
1376:2021
1344:2010
1321:2021
1296:2021
1269:2021
1262:IMDb
1233:2021
957:was
681:and
581:monk
576:, a
521:Cast
507:foci
484:Jews
447:and
426:and
411:and
375:Plot
3042:at
2902:doi
2550:doi
2479:146
1770:305
1095:or
655:on
598:as
588:as
572:as
549:as
529:as
497:of
266:as
3379::
2978:.
2964:.
2946:.
2928:.
2908:.
2894:15
2892:.
2839:.
2824:20
2822:.
2805:.
2786:.
2754:.
2739:.
2712:.
2682:.
2610:.
2556:.
2544:.
2503:^
2489:.
2477:.
2473:.
2434:.
2410:.
2357:^
2281:.
2277:.
2208:^
2186:.
2168:.
2138:.
2114:.
2077:.
2040:.
2034:.
2023:^
2011:.
1983:.
1959:.
1918:.
1851:;
1824:.
1797:.
1786:^
1768:.
1735:.
1716:.
1689:.
1663:.
1651:^
1632:.
1605:.
1585:.
1556:.
1528:.
1485:^
1453:^
1406:^
1366:.
1360:.
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