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in the 3rd century AD, but others have suggested that the walls were built primarily to defend the city against flooding or landslides - a not impossible reason if the industry carried on in the town led to extensive deforestation of the surrounding hills. A final suggestion is that the wall and gate
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A forum has been uncovered, to one side of which stands a circular building, possibly part of the so-called "Ostentatious
Building". The building itself is square, but an interior wall marks out a large circle which is floored with multi-coloured marble slabs. The perimeter of the circle is divided
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An extensive artisans' quarter has been uncovered, with workshops for various industries. Many of the buildings have their corners protected by large boulders, presumably against the possibility of damage from wheeled vehicles passing through the narrow streets. There is a very large bath house – an
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The date of the wall's construction is uncertain. Materials incorporated in the fill point to the emperor
Hadrian, but stylistic grounds favour a 3rd-century AD date. An additional question surrounds the purpose of the wall. The Marcomanni Wars around 170 AD have been suggested as the reason, as has
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To the right (east) on leaving the Atrium House are the city gates, which still stand 3–4.5 m high. The walls, which were 8' thick, were constructed of a double wall of cut stone infilled with earth and rubble, have been excavated for 30 m to the north and 75 m to the south, but the
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Aguntum was a mining and trading centre which exploited local sources of iron, copper, zinc, and gold. Craftsmen in the town processed the metals to produce a range of goods which were then transported along the Roman roads. Other exports included wood, milk products (cheese) and mountain crystals
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indication of the size of the Roman city – with several marble pools separated from the walls of the rooms in which they stand, to allow hot air to circulate under and around them. This is the largest Roman bath complex so far discovered in
Austria and was first constructed during the reign of
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valley. The city appears to have been built to exploit the local sources of iron, copper, zinc and gold. During the early
Christian era, the city was the site of a bishopric, which, having ceased to be a residential diocese, is today listed by the
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A large modern building covers the remains of the Atrium House, an elegant villa with a fountain and marble table in the atrium. The villa covered an area of 3,000 square yards and is the largest residential building so far discovered in
Aguntum.
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A small museum contains objects discovered during the excavations. These include painted tombstones, pottery masks, bronze objects, coins and interpretive displays. The management of the remains is carried out with bioversity in mind.
154:, the ruins of Aguntum remained visible until the 16th century, for in 1599 Veit Netlich, a lawyer, mentioned gravestones with "unknown writing" and reported that "according to a myth, here was a heathen city". The historian
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suffered a major fire. There were no further bishops ordained in the area and the surviving Roman population took refuge in hilltop fortresses while the barbarians settled in the fertile valley.
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into a number of chambers. Across the middle of the floor – and probably a later insertion as the building fell into disuse - is a narrow channel whose purpose is not clearly understood.
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circuit of the walls has not been traced beyond this. Presumably, the nearby
Debantbach has thoroughly covered the site with debris brought down from the mountains.
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The discovery of a layer of ash, as well as the remains of a man and a child in the bath house, points to the sack of
Aguntum by the invading barbarians under
297:"The Archaeological Landscape Park of Aguntum - an Alpine Roman Town in East Tyrol. Synergy between cultural heritage, landscape protection and biodiversity"
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The oldest Roman remains are a two-roomed wooden structure discovered beneath the bath house and dated to the mid-first century BC. According to
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proposed that the ruins were those of
Aguntum, a theory which was confirmed in 1882 when a marble slab inscribed with the name was discovered.
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developed here at an important intersection in the Drau Valley, with one important road leading to the gold deposits in the Hohe Tauern.
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tribe and hilltop settlements, so far hardly investigated, crown many of the hills in the area. A trading
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were originally built for show, but hastily extended and improved to withstand the
Alemanni.
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of the (lowest) episcopal rank in 1968, which so far had three successive incumbents:
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A Catholic bishopric was founded around 500 AD, as a suffragan of the
Metropolitan
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Gigacatholic, with titular incumbents list linking to biographies
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Nemmert, Andreas; Hassler, Andrea; Stöhr, Oliver (2023).
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119:collapsed, Aguntum passed under the control of the
392:Buildings and structures in Tyrol (federal state)
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227:Francis Joseph Gossman (1968.07.15 – 1975.04.08)
61:This area of East Tyrol was the homeland of the
36:, located approximately 4 km east of
325:Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites
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230:Josef Plöger (1975.05.09 – 2005.04.22)
214:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Aquileia
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20:Ruins of the Roman baths at Aguntum
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422:Museums of ancient Rome in Austria
397:Former populated places in Austria
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427:Archaeological museums in Austria
402:Roman towns and cities in Austria
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260:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013
417:Museums in Tyrol (federal state)
412:Catholic titular sees in Europe
407:Archaeological sites in Austria
86:cultores Genii municipii Agunti
329:"Aguntum, East Tyrol, Austria"
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219:It was nominally revived as a
80:granted Aguntum the status of
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28:are an ancient Roman site in
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90:Municipium Claudium Aguntum
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150:Repeatedly flooded by the
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258:Annuario Pontificio 2013
236:(2005.06.08 – present),
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345:Description of the site
323:Richard Stillwell, ed.
123:and was fought over by
208:Ecclesiastical history
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137:Garibald II of Bavaria
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368:46.82722°N 12.82306°E
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301:Internet Archaeology
187:the invasion by the
117:Western Roman Empire
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221:titular see
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386:Categories
359:12°49′23″E
356:46°49′38″N
284:III, 11485
245:References
152:Debantbach
129:Byzantines
121:Ostrogoths
105:Radagaisus
82:municipium
30:East Tirol
268:), p. 828
133:Bavarians
96:from the
198:Tiberius
189:Alemanni
139:and the
78:Claudius
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100:range.
63:Laianci
57:History
40:in the
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26:Aguntum
303:(62).
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145:Lavant
125:Franks
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98:Tauern
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