381:
1098:
Contract Air Cargo
Division managed by former airline executives, who established routes outside the United States to Alaska, the upper Atlantic, and Central America. Many of the routes and services duplicated those of the Ferrying Command. Expedient attempts by Headquarters AAF to establish a clear division of authority were unsuccessful, particularly after the 50th Transport Wing was transferred at the end of April 1942 to a newly created organization, the "Air Transport Command" (a combat organization). This left ASC with only its civilian carriers, of which considerable friction existed with Ferrying Command which had let conflicting contracts to different carriers.
408:, the mission of the new command was, first, "to move aircraft by air from factories to such terminals as may be designated by the Chief of the Air Corps," and second, "to maintain such special air ferry services as may be required to meet specific situations." These were broad powers, and working within them, the Ferrying Command eventually expanded far beyond the limits imagined by those responsible for its creation. The second assignment provided specific authority for the establishment of a military air transport service over the North Atlantic between the US and the United Kingdom, a project which had been under consideration for some months.
140:
158:
1226:, a militarized transport version of the DC-4. The C-54 in particular took over the C-87's duties in long-distance, over-water transport flights. In the China-India theater, the C-54, with nearly five times the load capacity of the C-47 and twice that of the C-46, significantly increased cargo tonnage levels flown to China, becoming the primary lifter for Hump operations. Even though the C-54 had a service ceiling of only 12,000 feet, plans were made to replace all the C-87s in the Hump operation with Skymasters by October 1945, and have 540 assigned by April 1946 to bring load capability up to 86,000 tons monthly.
42:
197:
58:
1261:(150,000). By the end of the war the command had 3,090 major transports assigned. Although in the first half of 1944 the C-46 appeared to be headed for ascendancy as the predominant transport type of the command, and ATC more than tripled its inventory of C-54s in the final year of the war to 839 transports, the C-47 remained the workhorse transport of ATC throughout the conflict, never exceeded in total by any other type. Its numbers remained steady throughout 1942 and 1943, but increased dramatically in the last 18 months of the war, rising to a total of 1,341.
82:
99:
1143:
experienced civil airline pilots, radio operators, and other aircrew personnel from the airlines to crew transports that had been purchased by the Army from civilian sources. ATC's original mission was ferrying airplanes to overseas destinations, a mission that had been originally performed by the AAF Ferrying
Command that preceded it and from which ATC headquarters military personnel were drawn. As the war progressed, ATC's air transport division became more and more involved in transporting military personnel and cargo overseas.
182:
50:
1155:
bases, and their replacement. Thousands of bombers, transport aircraft and fighters flown by combat crews on their way overseas were under ATC control during these movements. Ferrying of combat aircraft by ATC personnel became a major ATC mission to the end of the war as vast numbers of replacement aircraft had to be transferred from factory to combat theaters. The command ferried 30,000 aircraft in 1942, 72,000 in 1943, 108,000 in 1944, and 57,000 in 1945, for a total of more than 267,000 in all.
1476:). From the Ports of Embarkation, aircraft were flown to final overseas destinations primarily by contracted civil airline pilots or former airline pilots serving in the AAF. The ATC Ferrying Division was also responsible for the preparation for and movement of combat units overseas and for the movement of replacement aircraft and crews, who were temporarily assigned to the ATC Ferrying Division from the time they left the United States until they arrived at their assigned theater.
149:
849:
1028:
360:
Force to defend Great
Britain. It was also clear that the pioneering efforts of the British would have to be expanded to accommodate the increased number of aircraft. However, the United States was not a belligerent nation and it was also a period of extreme diplomatic delicacy, when aircraft purchased by the British had to be literally pushed across the US-Canada border in order to protect the neutrality of the United States.
1257:. While not limited to rescuing ATC pilots the main role was that of insuring a rescue of ATC pilots who were downed on the first leg of the southern trans-Atlantic route to Europe and SE Asia. In areas where ATC aircraft flew where there were a possibility of hostile aircraft or ships, other services provided air to sea rescue. ATC rescue services operated only in areas where there was nil chance of armed encounter.
1036:
factories to Canada and onward to
Britain or to US ports of embarkation. Probably no one then foresaw that a network of long-range transport routes, supporting the daily movement of hundreds of tons of supplies and thousands of passengers, would spread across the world and that daily flights to such remote areas as the Aleutians, Australia, the Philippines, India, and China would become commonplace.
1048:(ATA), representing the domestic carriers, had developed a mobilization plan between 1936 and 1939 to provide this support through contract services. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8974 on 13 December 1941, which gave the Secretary of War authority to nationalize the airlines, but except for several instances early in 1942 to meet specific emergencies, the order was not invoked. ATA president
2949:
442:(RAF) from factories in the western and central United States to transfer points on the Atlantic seaboard required the establishment of routes over which the aircraft could be flown. Support stations were set up at civilian as well as military airports for the aircraft to be refueled and any necessary servicing performed. The aircraft factories, particularly the
1238:. When the first B-29s were sent to China, advance party personnel and additional combat crew personnel proceeded the bombers aboard ATC C-87s. On return flights, C-87s and C-54s brought back combat crews who had finished their combat tours and were returning to the States. At the end of the war, ATC C-54s transported 11th Airborne Division personnel from
1290:
on the other hand, thought that ATC should be developed into a national government operated airline, an idea that was soundly opposed by the airline industry. While the war had firmly established the necessity of a troop carrier mission, most military officers believed the role performed by ATC should be provided by contract carriers.
1203:, was commissioned a colonel in ATC and made its executive officer, thereafter assuming the positions of Chief of Staff and Deputy Commander. During his tenure as Chief of Staff, Smith was largely responsible for ATC's considerable expansion in operations. In the same year, Smith proposed that ATC assume responsibility for
1064:
The civil airlines, in addition to having the available flying personnel (most of whom had learned to fly in the Air Corps) and physical equipment, had another equally valuable though less tangible asset. They had the wealth of practical knowledge in conducting scheduled air transport operations, the
1013:
During the thirteen months of its existence, Ferrying
Command had grown from an original staff of two officers and a civilian secretary to a strength of over 11,000 officers and enlisted men, in addition to its civilian employees and those of the civil air carriers operating under its supervision. As
845:
aircraft at their highest efficiency, an air transport system for the rapid delivery of spare engines and parts, auxiliary equipment of all kinds, flight crews, and ground personnel became an absolute necessity, and supplementary to the traditional and considerably slower method of surface transport.
676:
After Pearl Harbor, the scope of
Ferrying Command's mission within the United States expanded to the domestic ferrying of all multi-engine Army aircraft, all British and Lend-Lease aircraft, and with the air movement of troops by domestic airlines as well. On 3 January 1942, the wing was divided into
331:
aircraft was the result of several factors. Production of aircraft by United States manufacturers was increasing for both the Army Air Corps and for purchase by the
British. As produced and ready for delivery at the factory, these aircraft were flyable but also needed modifications before they were
262:
By no means least among the achievements of the Army Air Forces (AAF) in World War II was its development of a worldwide system of air transport. The development of transport aircraft in the 1920s and 1930s added a new dimension to the art of warfare, and around its varied capacities the AAF built an
1035:
Air transport services conducted by the
Ferrying Command (before the Pearl Harbor attack), were first to Britain beginning July 1941 and later in October to Cairo. They were like courier services and were secondary to the major job for which the command was created, that of ferrying aircraft from US
359:
in March 1941 the United States stated its intention to assist the
British in its war efforts and was a statement of the desire of Congress and the people of the United States to that effect. With that clear intention, the doors were opened for larger numbers of aircraft to be sent to the Royal Air
335:
United States civilian pilots, contracted by the
British, would pick up their aircraft at the production facility and fly them to designated transfer points in the Montreal area where the modifications could be made. From Montreal, a Canadian civilian agency under contract to the British government
1289:
With the end of the war, the Air Transport Command found itself in limbo. Senior USAAF authorities considered ATC to be a wartime necessity that was no longer needed, and expected its civilian personnel, including former airline pilots, to return to their peacetime occupations. Senior ATC officers,
1158:
In addition, five major field organizations, known as wings, were constituted on 12 June 1942 and activated at various dates during the latter part of the month. Initially, they were known as the 23d through the 27th AAF Ferrying wings, but the command quickly requested and secured a change to more
1097:
to move technical cargo between air depots and subdepots. In the first half of 1941 the ASC moved more cargo domestically than all the civilian carriers in the United States. Several months after the war began, demands for materiel forced ASC to use civilian carriers on a contract basis, creating a
1080:
advocating the establishment of a civilian air transportation service reporting directly to the President to operate airline contracts for the military, an idea that had been broached during the development period of ATA-Air Corps mobilization plan. In response, General Arnold proposed that the AAF
1060:
The ferrying activity continued to increase as more aircraft were turned out by the factories, as new combat units became ready for deployment overseas, and as the need for battle replacements grew more and more emphasis came to be placed on the air transportation function. Air transport had passed
340:
to Prestwick (near Glasgow) (Scotland / UK) under the auspices of a private British company, set up by the British Government for that purpose. By ferrying these bombers under their own power, vital shipping space was saved and factory-to-combat delivery time was cut from approximately three months
1264:
Routes had been established to places where aircraft had been unheard of before the war. Airline personnel who had never left the United States before joining the military had become veterans of long over-water flights to the remotest regions of earth. In its final full month of wartime operations
1154:
The newly designated Air Transport Command consisted of two main divisions, the Ferrying Division and the Air Transportation Division, corresponding roughly to the two primary responsibilities of the command. The ATC Ferrying Division was responsible for the transfer of combat aircraft to overseas
1138:
to create its own air transportation service were halted when the SOS agreed to transfer to the AAF all of its air transportation responsibilities and its responsibility for setting priorities for travel by military and commercial aircraft. The Contract Air Cargo Division was terminated by ASC and
363:
These shipments to the British caused a shortage in the United States of multi-engine aircraft in particular. Air Corps units were in need of training in long-range navigation, weather and radio-flying that a coast-to-coast ferrying service would give them in the latest models of aircraft. On 12
271:
ATC's origins begin during World War I with the need to transport aircraft supplies and materiel from the aircraft manufacturers to the maintenance facilities supporting the training bases in the United States. Railroads were used to move the equipment and aircraft from one base to another and to
1260:
By the end of World War II, Air Transport Command had developed into a huge military air carrier with a worldwide route pattern. From an organization of approximately 37,000 personnel (6,500 of them overseas) in December 1942, it numbered nearly 210,000 in August 1945, the bulk stationed overseas
1101:
Arnold saw the need for unified control of air transport and bolstered by Pogue's memorandum, which recommended that at the least all Army air transportation should be unified under one command, submitted the issue to a board of officers with instructions to consider the whole problem. Before the
960:
During 1942, the South Atlantic route to West Africa and beyond assumed an importance far surpassing that of any of the others. In contrast to the slowness of the North Atlantic, South Pacific and Alaskan routes, the South Atlantic airway immediately came to support a heavy volume of air traffic
998:
in China were shipped by water to the west coast of Africa where they were assembled and flown overland to their destinations. And, while ferrying operations were increasing steadily, the air transport service in support of both ferrying and combat operations was enlarged and extended, albeit in
1171:
type operated by the domestic air carriers in excess of 200 and to refit them "for such transport services as will most effectively serve the war purposes of the United Nations." The transfer of the aircraft from the airlines to the War Department made it possible for the former also to release
1162:
More than 130 two- and four-engine transport aircraft had become available to the command by 1 July 1942, of which 10 or 15 were being flown by military crews and the remainder by the contract carriers. Many of these had come from new production, some were acquired from Air Service Command, but
1039:
Indeed, a limited view of the role of long-range air transportation in World War II persisted for some months after the US became an active belligerent. Not until the late spring and summer of 1942, when large backlogs of supplies awaiting air shipment to the front began to build up at ports of
371:
On 12 April 1941 plans were presented to the OCAC for the construction of a landing field on the west coast of Greenland for the staging of aircraft via Newfoundland, Greenland and Iceland to the United Kingdom. This would make possible the ferrying of medium and light bombers across the North
844:
After the US entered World War II, it became clear that the fastest and most economical method of moving combat aircraft from the factory to the front, which might be 10,000 to 15,000 miles away due to the worldwide nature of the conflict, was to ferry them under their own power. Also, to keep
477:
was leased by the War Department as a concentration point for all aircraft, except for B-24s to be ferried directly from the Consolidated plant. The manufacturers provided civilian pilots to deliver the aircraft from their facilities to Long Beach, where an Air Corps procurement representative
415:) for thirty- to ninety-day tours of temporary duty. More highly qualified four-engine pilots of the Combat Command, as well as navigators and other crew members, were borrowed to fly the trans-Atlantic transport shuttle. In the summer and fall of 1941, approximately 200 pilots were trained at
319:
With the outbreak of war in Europe in 1939, several European governments approached the United States for military equipment. They needed immediate help for the battles they might very soon have to fight on their own soil against invading German armies. The French ordered Douglas DB-7 (A-20)
1191:
bomber, was adopted for service with the ATC. The C-87 had a much longer range and higher service ceiling, making it a better choice for over-water transport flights, but its hurried conversion from a dedicated bomber design resulted in inevitable compromises that affected its reliability in
1142:
The new Air Transport Command was initially only a semi-military organization, with most of its leadership coming from the ranks of airline executives who accepted direct USAAF commissions, usually as colonels or majors. Until 1944, ATC also drew heavily on the airlines for manpower, using
1441:") in six regions. The division was reorganized 22 October 1944 into three component ferrying wings (East, West, and Central). The Ferrying Division absorbed the Domestic Transportation Wing (created March 1943 for military passenger and cargo service within the ZI) on 27 November 1944.
1159:
descriptive geographical names. On 5 July, they were redesignated the North Atlantic, Caribbean, South Atlantic, Africa-Middle East, and South Pacific wings. Over the course of the war, additional wings and divisions were created as the scope and complexity of the command increased.
1072:, Donald H. Connolly, to military service, appointing him Military Director of Civil Aviation and directing him to use EO 8974 to transfer the CAA and its regulatory control of the airlines to the Army Air Forces. L. Welch Pogue, chairman of the safety agency for civil aviation, the
3120:
Part I, Plans And Early Operations, January 1939 to August 1942, Chapter 9: "The Early Development of Air Transport and Ferrying": Craven, Wesley and Cate, James, The Army Air Forces In World War II. New Imprint by the Office of Air Force History Washington, D.C.,
1314:, supported by the USAF, even though not listed as a formal military mission. When the ATC commander wrote a mission statement for the proposed new command he inserted "deployment of troops" as a mission, although the change had never been formally requested, the
981:
The earliest heavy bomber reinforcements sent to the US Air Forces in the Southwest Pacific following the Japanese attack traveled over the route, prepared, briefed, and supported by the Ferrying Command, as were most of the aircraft and crews that would form the
1306:
that the Air Force should have a long-range troop deployment capability, and began advocating that ATC transports could be used to deploy troops. Williams had been pressing for the development of a long-range troop carrier airplane when he made his statement.
973:
were capable of hauling cargo on the trans-Atlantic leg during the first six months of 1942, strained its facilities and personnel to the limit. Lend-lease aircraft and supplies were sent over the route to the British forces in Egypt and the Russians through
732:
Responsible for ferrying the product of the Boeing, Cessna and Beech plants at Wichita, Kansas; the Douglas plant at Tulsa, Oklahoma, and the North American factories at Dallas and Kansas City, the Consolidated plant at Fort Worth, and the Martin factory at
295:, Pennsylvania) distributed over the United States. In the early 1930s, the Air Corps began formally experimenting with the systematic use of air transport for the distribution of aviation supplies. The Materiel Division in 1932 established a provisional
1043:
In order to operate a worldwide air logistics system, maximum use would have to be made of the planes, men, and facilities of the civil airlines. The Ferrying Command was in no position to expand its own military transport services. The Air Corps and the
1229:
ATC transports were used primarily to deliver high value cargo and important personnel to overseas destinations. For example, ATC C-87s delivered new engines to Libya to replace those worn out on the B-24s used on the famous low-level mission against
1056:
during World War I and the driving force behind pre-war creation of the mobilization plan, delivered immediate full cooperation of the airlines from the first day of the war and is credited with persuading Roosevelt not to nationalize the airlines.
1040:
embarkation and when it became clear that almost unlimited demands would be made in future for the rapid movement of urgently needed materials and personnel, did the idea of air transport as a major instrument of logistics begin to take shape.
1211:. However, due to a lack of navigation aids, personnel, suitable airfields and maintenance facilities, and above all, sufficient multi-engine transport aircraft suited to the difficult flight conditions, tonnage levels flown to China over
2993:
Part I, Organization & Its Responsibilities, Chapter 2, "The AAF": Craven, Wesley and Cate, James, The Army Air Forces In World War II, Volume Six: "Men and Planes". New Imprint by the Office of Air Force History Washington, D.C.,
1297:
was established as a separate service in 1947, the Air Transport Command was not established as one of its missions. The ATC commander and his staff took it upon themselves to convince the new civilian leadership of the newly created
1014:
the name implies, ferrying had been its main job, and during the period its pilots ferried 13,595 aircraft to final domestic destinations, while 632 planes were delivered to foreign destinations under the supervision of the command.
3073:
Administrative History of the Ferrying Command, 29 May 1941 – 30 June 1942. Army Air Forces Historical Studies: No. 33. Prepared by Assistant Chief of Air Staff, Intelligence, Historical Division, HQ USAAF, Washington, D.C., June
940:
could not be held, principally because the Japanese had cut the only sea and air lanes over which available reinforcements, such as they were, could reach General MacArthur. By the end of February 1942, the air connection between
1093:(before October 1941 known as the Air Corps Maintenance Command) had been operating a well-established air transport service within the continental United States for months before the Ferrying Command was established, using the
332:
ready for combat service. It was advantageous to fly the aircraft to a separate modification center where changes could be made, rather than implementing these changes on the production line that would interrupt production.
840:
From the domestic ferrying assignment it was only a step to the Command taking over the responsibility for delivering or supervising the delivery of AAF and lend-lease aircraft to theaters of war scattered across the world.
1179:
was the primary transport plane in use. At first, the C-47 was often fitted with long-range tanks for long flights, but as larger multi-engine aircraft became available, the C-47 was redeployed for use on shorter routes.
368:(OCAC) was notified by the War Department that he was authorized for training purposes to have military pilots conduct cross-country flights in aircraft destined for use by the British Government for training purposes.
234:
of aircraft from the manufacturing plants in the United States to where they were needed for training or for operational use in combat. ATC also operated a worldwide air transportation system for military personnel.
484:, Seattle, was the location of the second concentration center, for planes manufactured by Boeing. Other concentration centers used civilian airfields as they became available, as happened in Detroit and Nashville.
279:. From 1926 until 1942, the Air Corps’ logistical responsibilities were vested in the Office of the Chief of the Air Corps Materiel Division, with headquarters at Wright Field, Ohio and with four major depots (at
3600:
Stanley, William R. (1994), Trans-South Atlantic air link in World War II, Professor, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, Geo Journal, Issue Volume 33, Number 4 / August, 1994 pp. 459–463 ISSN
1065:
administrative competence, and the mastery of techniques that came from long experience. The AAF, on the other hand, had no such expertise among its senior leadership nor experience from its nascent operations.
1061:
beyond the stage of being primarily a courier service or an adjunct of ferrying; it was well on the way to becoming a major instrument of logistical support to combat operations on the ground and in the air.
1448:(WASP), the Ferrying Division moved aircraft and parts from manufacturing plants in the United States to and between various training bases within the US and to Ports of Embarkation for overseas shipment (
1589:
over the South Atlantic Route. During World War II, over 16,000 tactical and cargo aircraft transited this route, carrying over 100,000 crew personnel and passengers. Also operated transport routes to
1010:. While this route was not opened until late 1943, the US and Britain were at all times prepared to occupy the Azores, had the security and future use of this route been threatened by the Axis Powers.
933:. While this route was not opened until late 1943, the US and Britain were at all times prepared to occupy the Azores, had the security and future use of this route been threatened by the Axis Powers.
2153:") between airfields in India and China, formerly performed by the 10th AF India-China Ferrying Command, and operated a western Indian sector in Karachi. Responsible for the materiel support of the
2886:, Liberia. With the opening of an air base on Ascension Island in July 1942, the ocean crossing was divided into two fairly easy stages and ceased to be a serious operational problem The base on
2953:
1113:
A change of command at AAF Ferrying Command took place in the meantime. In March 1942 General Olds was stricken with a heart attack, and was replaced by Colonel (eventually Lieutenant General)
263:
air transportation system such as had never before been envisaged. That system, and its functions, soon became synonymous with the organization which controlled it, the Air Transport Command.
949:
was also cut due to the advance of Japanese forces into Southeast Asia, although some heavy bombers and other reinforcements from the US were able to get through before the Japanese captured
344:
However, the British Government had limited funds, and was rapidly running out of resources for the purchase of war materiel of all types from the United States. In the spring of 1941, the
646:
At the end of each route was the designated transfer point at which final inspections were accomplished and the aircraft transferred from Air Corps jurisdiction to representatives of the
3391:
Shaw, Frederick J. (2014), Locating Air Force Base Sites History’s Legacy, Air Force History and Museums Program, United States Air Force, Washington DC, 2004. (Updated Edition, 2014)
1102:
board could make an official report, however, Arnold made a decision on 20 June 1942 which embodied substantially Pogue's second recommendation. The Ferrying Command was renamed the
431:
During the fall of 1941, Ferrying Command had assumed an additional responsibility for delivery of some AAF's own planes from factory to stations within the United States. After the
3574:
Hays, Otis Jr. The Alaska-Siberia Connection: The World War II Air Route (Williams-Ford Texas A&M University Military History Series). College Station, Texas: Tamu Press, 1996.
2593:
Ferrying Division found it necessary to provide transition instruction on many planes, so its pilots could qualify on all major U.S. models. A transition school was established at
1802:(Scotland) as a courier service. Received aircraft flown from the United States across the North Atlantic Route. On 19 June 1942, it took over the transatlantic operations from
814:
Served the Martin plant at Baltimore; the Fairchild factory at Hagerstown, Maryland; Piper plant at Lock Haven, Pennsylvania and the Grumman and Republic plants on Long Island.
3764:
2835:
2762:
in the Assam Valley which was used as a transshipment point for supplies, equipment and aircraft ferried to Kunming Airport China over the Himalayas from Northeast India.
2677:
324:
which needed massive reinforcement, especially after the losses it incurred on the continent during the German invasion of the Low Countries and France during May 1940.
3769:
673:
were completed and opened for service early in 1942. Once the ferried aircraft reached the transfer point, the crew returned to either Seattle or Los Angeles by rail.
2735:
423:, especially for ferrying duty, although they were assigned to the Combat Command and served, as did the others, on temporary-duty status with the Ferrying Command.
2657:
1818:. It served as the operational component of ATC in Europe. Initially, it flew transport operations from the United Kingdom to Spain and Portugal, later on also to
2767:
2165:
operations. Four component wings in ICD: Assam Wing (activated 1 July 1944); India Wing (1 July 1944); Bengal Wing (1 December 1944); China Wing (1 December 1944)
230:
It had two main missions, the first being the delivery of supplies and equipment between the United States and the overseas combat theaters; the second was the
3488:
1249:
While little known the Caribbean Division And South Atlantic Divisions of ATC also operated its own small navy for rescue of downed pilots comprising converted
925:
Secondary routes between Australia and India, and between Australia and the Philippines were also developed. Later, a Mid-Atlantic route was developed via the
3774:
1124:
The ferrying of all aircraft within the United States and to destinations outside of the United States as directed by the Commanding General, Army Air Forces.
1302:(DOD) (and Secretaries of the Army and Air Force) that ATC had a mission. They seized upon testimony by former Troop Carrier Command commander Major General
478:
inspected the aircraft and turned them over to Ferrying Command. This facility was designated as Headquarters, Western Division, Air Corps Ferrying Command.
3754:
3422:
819:
796:
3444:
3749:
3532:
Part III Recruitment & Training, Chapter 20 Other Training Programs, "Ferry Pilots and Transport Crews"; Craven and Cate, The AAF in World War II
3499:
3477:
3541:
3455:
2723:
1069:
320:
two-engine light bombers; Curtiss P-36 Hawks, and some Curtiss P-40D Warhawks, although the P-40s were never delivered. However, it was Britain's
2021:
Established June 1943 from a split of the Africa-Middle East Wing. Moved aircraft, supplies and cargo from West African transport hub supporting
3563:
3552:
3433:
3722:
3717:
3712:
1120:
Effective 1 July 1942, the new Air Transport Command was given what the official history of the AAF described as "sweeping responsibilities":
3157:
Craven & Cate, Section Four: The Air Transport Command Responsibilities, Chapter 9: "The Early Development of Air Transport and Ferrying"
2895:
887:
806:
2754:
airport on the Cairo-Karachi route, used by ATC as a refueling field for ferrying aircraft over Middle East or Central African Route to
470:
required a series of organizations to accept the aircraft from the manufacturer, and provide a ferrying crew to transport the aircraft.
2859:
1130:
The transportation by air of personnel, materiel, and mail for all War Department agencies, except those served by Troop Carrier units.
898:
307:, intended to serve one of the four major air depots in the distribution of spare parts to Army airbases. The group, redesignated the
3400:
2439:
497:
1971:. Responsible for moving aircraft, personnel and cargo from West African transport hubs over the Trans-Africa Route via Khartoum to
2930:
in the Philippines. With the Japanese conquests in the Western Pacific in 1942, the route was changed into be a supply route to
487:
From the West Coast, the ferrying routes (as initially laid down) and their corresponding transatlantic transport method were:
20:
2934:, with several routes cries-crossing the Pacific, and eventually returning to the Philippines and after the end of the war to
411:
Ferrying Command relied initially on two-engine and single-engine pilots detailed from the Air Force Combat Command (formerly
348:
was committed to give all possible help, short of actual combat, to the United Kingdom and the remnants of her allies against
3759:
3175:
1422:
Established 1 July 1942, to replace the Domestic Wing, Army Air Forces Ferrying Command, established 28 December 1941 as the
1081:
instead control and direct such a service, primarily composed of pilots and aircraft contracted from U.S. civilian airlines.
653:
To replace and supplement Montreal as a transfer point, Ferrying Command then initiated development of airfields in northern
3296:
1265:(July 1945), ATC carried 275,000 passengers (50,000 domestically) and 100,000 tons of mail and cargo, 96.7% of it overseas.
3247:
1045:
345:
1146:
At the time it was redesignated and given its enlarged mission, the command was already in the process of reorganization.
1299:
275:
It wasn't until the 1920s that the development of cargo and personnel transport aircraft began with aircraft such as the
2414:
2360:
2273:
1496:
1 July 1942. The division was dissolved in March 1943 and its wings placed directly under command of Headquarters ATC.
864:, earliest to be developed for military purposes, provided an air connection between the Eastern US and Britain, while
3677:
3649:
3579:
3271:
3218:
1127:
The control, operation, and maintenance of establishments and facilities on air routes outside of the United States.
712:
Served the Consolidated, North American, Vultee, Douglas, Lockheed, Ryan, Northrup and Vega factories in California.
2340:
1375:
365:
3672:
Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History.
1677:
Responsible for operating the South Atlantic Route from Waller Field, Trinidad along the north-eastern coast of
3744:
1053:
412:
239:
1445:
1382:
1303:
1250:
1218:
As the war progressed, ATC received improved aircraft types for transport duty, including the Curtiss-Wright
224:
103:
1110:
to reflect its mission of training crews and units for the combat lifts of parachute and airborne infantry.
380:
1749:
474:
404:
on 29 May 1941, to deliver lend-lease aircraft overseas from the US. Commanded and organized by Brig. Gen.
2610:
1461:
272:
the Ports of Embarkation along the East Coast for subsequent sea shipment to the battlefields of France.
2811:
2511:
1682:
1315:
3351:
Stanley M. Ulanoff, MATS: The Story of the Military Air Transport Service, 1964, The Moffa Press, Inc.
1068:
In January 1942, Arnold established the AAF Office of Civil Aviation and recalled the chairman of the
539:
Route Three: Short-range, light bombardment and training aircraft, to cross the North Atlantic by ship
2652:, Alaska Territory. Ladd is where Soviet pilots took over the ferrying mission into the Soviet Union
2641:
2594:
2527:
2403:
Used by ATC for final check and inspection of Foreign Military Sales aircraft (Concentration Command)
2312:
1310:
The DOD believed it should have its own air transport service and decided that ATC should become the
1254:
2778:. Flown by long-range C-54s fitted with auxiliary fuel tanks only from Morrison Field, Florida via
1892:
to provide connections with intra-European routes after 1944 as part of the North Atlantic Division.
157:
139:
2460:
1469:
1363:
995:
416:
337:
246:(MAC) in 1966. It was consolidated with MAC in 1982, providing a continuous history of long range
243:
3729:
2834:, direct ferrying route between the Northeast United States and the United Kingdom. Originated at
2688:, set up by Pan American pilots prior to the Axis capitulation in Tunisia in 1943. Originated at
1900:
Middle East Wing (established as 26th AAF Ferrying Wing 27 June 1942; redesignated 1 July 1942 as
2907:
2668:. List of ATC stations in the Caribbean, originating at Morrison Field, Florida; terminating at
2552:
2494:
2477:
2175:
Established January 1943 from a split of the South Pacific Wing. Operated a transport route from
2081:
1449:
1389:
1294:
1107:
1073:
954:
868:
463:
435:, the ferry of aircraft within the United States quickly became a major function of the Command.
296:
216:
2782:, Bermuda, across the Atlantic to one of three RAF airfields in the Azores. Then connected to
2645:
2597:
ferrying base in California as early as July 1941; others were set up in the spring of 1942 at
2569:
2320:
2315:
was Headquarters, ATC Eastern Pacific Wing (Formerly Alaskan Sector, Continental Division, ATC)
1531:
1184:
966:
196:
41:
3329:
2938:
where an extension of the India-China Route allowed a complete circumnavigation of the world.
2606:
2093:
2085:
1716:
1636:
670:
669:. Although Millinocket was abandoned during construction, the Presque Isle Army Airfield and
455:
57:
3635:
The Army Almanac, Armed Forces Information School (U.S), Washington. D.C.: U.S. G.P.O., 1950
2879:
2823:
2248:
2154:
2133:
1686:
1535:
1438:
861:
632:
612:
586:
451:
308:
288:
251:
62:
C-46 Commando flying "The Hump" over the Himalayan Mountain Range from Burma to China, 1945
24:
1546:, Alaska, where Soviet pilots collected the aircraft to fly them westward to air bases in
1207:
airlift operation, as he believed that ATC would do a better job of transporting cargo to
8:
3660:
Army Air forces in World War II: The Air Transport Command, VII Services Around the World
3624:
3610:
2466:
To ATC April 1944. Became Sub-Base of Homestead AAF FL Four Engine Pilot Training School
2210:
2176:
2146:
2026:
1732:
Operated North Atlantic Route for aircraft, personnel and cargo from Presque Isle AAF to
1543:
1090:
788:
658:
432:
300:
3644:
Harkavy, Robert E. (2007), Strategic basing and the great powers, 1200–2000, Routledge,
755:
Accepted Vultee planes produced in Nashville and Curtiss-Wright aircraft from St. Louis.
49:
3510:
3466:
3411:
2803:
2712:
2649:
2535:
2297:
2222:
1963:
Established June 1943 from a split of the Africa-Middle East Wing with headquarters in
1807:
1616:
1515:
1239:
1135:
760:
738:
717:
697:
666:
238:
Inactivated on 1 June 1948, Air Transport Command was the precursor to what became the
2483:
To ATC January 1945, became Ferrying Division Single, Two Engine Pilot Training School
1664:
South Atlantic Wing (established as 24th AAF Ferrying Wing 27 June 1942; redesignated
3673:
3645:
3575:
3267:
3214:
3171:
3025:
3014:
2851:
2715:, Union of South Africa, carrying valuable minerals from Central and Southern Africa.
2206:
2022:
1799:
1733:
1644:
1640:
1624:
1200:
1163:
others became available as the result of a presidential order of 6 May directing the
1094:
776:
647:
509:
501:
98:
16:
United States Army Air Forces command responsible for transport and ferrying aircraft
1277:
football team with several notable former college and professional players, such as
2887:
2883:
2815:
2751:
2693:
2640:. List of ATC stations located in Canada and the Alaska Territory, originating at
2198:
2180:
1835:
1811:
1690:
1652:
1523:
1164:
1114:
1049:
640:
606:
Route Four B: Short-range light bombardment and training aircraft, to cross by ship
572:
Route Four A: Short-range light bombardment and training aircraft, to cross by ship
459:
2774:
Established in 1943 after the Portuguese government allowed British Leases in the
3707:. Office of Statistical Control, Headquarters AAF. Washington, D.C. December 1945
3316:
3300:
3293:
3251:
3003:
2807:
2791:
2759:
2244:
2202:
2162:
1917:
to destinations in the Middle East. Operated the Eastern Mediterranean Route via
1823:
1632:
1598:
1594:
1564:
Caribbean Wing (established as 27th AAF Ferrying Wing 19 June 1942; redesignated
1551:
1318:
either allowed it to remain or overlooked it when signing the mission statement.
991:
983:
594:
545:
531:
439:
397:
321:
276:
3244:
2469:
Sub Unit C, 113th Army Air Forces Base Unit (Combat Crew Training School, Heavy)
3699:
Operation Lifeline – History and Development of the Naval Air Transport Service
2871:
2669:
2397:
2063:
Pacific Wing (established as 25th AAF Ferrying Wing 27 June 1942; redesignated
2034:
1992:
1819:
1223:
1188:
970:
780:
662:
624:
549:
523:
393:
389:
356:
181:
3738:
2915:
2779:
2689:
2614:
2452:
2380:
2145:
Established 1 December 1942. Responsible for transport operations across the
2109:
1865:
1861:
1757:
1678:
1648:
1578:
1434:
1278:
1219:
1176:
906:
636:
628:
280:
87:
3611:
Volume VII, Services Around the World. The Army Air Forces in World War II
2911:
2839:
2783:
2629:
2598:
2029:. Also part of South Atlantic Route transport extension via West Africa to
1946:
1914:
1753:
1582:
1405:
1007:
930:
876:
481:
349:
328:
304:
231:
220:
148:
133:
2625:
Overseas ATC stations are listed and described in the following articles:
2581:
Used for ferrying aircraft to Alaska from eastern US manufacturing plants.
2308:
Used for ferrying aircraft to Alaska from western US manufacturing plants.
1530:) to transport airborne lend-lease aircraft and support material from the
994:
in India. Fighter aircraft for the Ninth and Tenth Air Forces and for the
3625:
Chapter 4, The North Atlantic Route. The Army Air Forces in World War II
3313:
Flying the Hump: A Fact Sheet for the Hump Operations During World War II
2927:
2919:
2727:
2708:
2697:
2602:
2256:
2113:
1984:
1827:
1694:
1612:
1196:
1077:
987:
957:. Fortunately for the Allies, the five remaining major routes were held.
937:
910:
902:
561:
517:
Route Two: Heavy bombers capable of crossing the North Atlantic by flight
491:
Route One: Heavy bombers capable of crossing the North Atlantic by flight
405:
292:
1231:
1139:
its personnel transferred to ATC to end the division of responsibility.
848:
2747:
2291:
2252:
2038:
2030:
1888:
from early 1943. Later operated routes from the Azores to Portugal and
1745:
1698:
1604:
1453:
962:
784:
620:
657:, some 300 miles nearer the United Kingdom than the Canadian city, at
2931:
2843:
2711:
in the United Arab Emirates; The 14th Ferrying Group flew south to
2238:
Southwest Pacific Wing (activated on 1 August 1944, Pacific Division)
1777:
1765:
1737:
1601:
1234:. An emergency shipment of artillery fuzes helped win the battle of
1027:
950:
946:
891:
565:
420:
284:
2214:
2150:
2121:
2089:
2004:
1996:
1964:
1881:
1761:
1702:
1586:
1212:
1204:
590:
582:
505:
2229:, Japan in 1945. A transport route was established from Manila to
46:
Air Transport Command C-47 Skytrain flying over the Pyramids, 1944
2847:
2755:
2276:
connecting Hawaii, Australia, the Philippines, Okinawa and Japan.
2230:
2117:
2046:
2000:
1983:(India). This was discontinued when the route along the coast of
1980:
1942:
1938:
1885:
1873:
1843:
1741:
1547:
1457:
880:
616:
447:
247:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3197:
2192:
Central Pacific Wing (activated 1 August 1944, Pacific Division)
2187:
aircraft to Alaska. Component of Pacific Division 1 August 1944.
2112:
for cargo and passengers. Later on, links were established with
1860:
Operated the Mid-Atlantic Route from the Eastern United States (
856:
During 1941, four major air routes were developed. These were:
3168:
On the Ground: Labor Struggles in the American Airline Industry
2875:
2775:
2541:
ATC High Altitude Training School (C-46/C-47 for "Hump" Pilots)
2218:
2184:
2105:
2050:
1930:
1926:
1889:
1877:
1847:
1831:
1781:
1773:
1697:. It also operated routes along the eastern coast of Brazil to
1656:
1628:
1608:
1590:
1539:
1519:
1473:
1235:
1003:
975:
926:
872:
553:
467:
443:
336:
began ferrying US-built bombers across the North Atlantic from
2451:
Alaska Route Staging Base, also RAF Sales to Canada. Planned "
1444:
Operated primarily by civilian contract pilots, including the
384:
Long Beach Army Air Field California Sixth Ferrying Group book
311:
in 1937, also transported supplies from one depot to another.
3194:
2935:
2226:
2158:
2042:
1995:
became available in 1943. Also operated a transport route to
1988:
1972:
1968:
1922:
1869:
1839:
1620:
1527:
1465:
1243:
1208:
942:
918:
914:
654:
578:
557:
396:
sea lanes vulnerable to German U-boat attacks, Major General
2957:
1433:
Initially conducted aircraft ferrying operations within the
2923:
2874:, British Guiana and went through the easternmost point of
2726:, Senegal via French Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya into
2125:
2101:
2097:
1976:
1934:
1769:
1168:
677:
six geographic sectors. The sectors and headquarters were:
598:
527:
3713:
Tables 1–73, Combat Groups, Personnel, Training, and Crews
2272:
Postwar reorganization of Pacific transport routes within
1195:
In 1942, at the personal request of General 'Hap' Arnold,
1106:
and the organization already bearing that name became the
299:
with four transport squadrons, each of them equipped with
1918:
1803:
1768:. In 1945, it operated a transport route from Iceland to
852:
Major trunk air routes of AAF Ferrying Command, June 1942
388:
The British ferrying service was well under way when the
250:
through 1992 when the mission was transferred to today's
3315:, (USAAF) China-Burma-India (CBI) Theater of Operations
2037:. Operated the Mediterranean Air Transport Service from
1913:
Delivered lend-lease aircraft, personnel and cargo from
1172:
additional crews for employment in military operations.
1134:
In addition, before the end of June plans by the Army's
3730:
Sixth Ferrying Group Year Book – Long Beach, California
2977:, Tables 11 and 20 (personnel) and Table 204 (aircraft)
2007:(South Africa Rep.) via Elizabethville (Belgian Congo).
2003:
to the United States. This route was later extended to
1822:. Clandestine transport operations were also made into
3243:, Air Force Association Magazine (March 1991) Vol. 74
775:
Accepted deliveries from the Curtiss-Wright plants at
327:
The idea of developing a regular military service for
3685:
MATS: The Story of the Military Air Transport Service
1921:(British-Mandated Palestine) and Beirut (Lebanon) to
978:, with a smaller volume going via India into China.
54:
C-54 Skymaster of the ATC Pacific Division taking off
3765:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1948
2558:
ATC Specialized Night and Instrument Training School
1084:
1031:
Air Transport Command major routes, 1 September 1945
692:
Responsible for all deliveries from Boeing Aircraft.
113:
Worldwide transport of aircraft, personnel and cargo
1615:. Also operated an aircraft ferrying route between
3511:AFHRA Document 00172776 Greenwood Army Air Base MS
2806:, Washington along the British Columbian Coast to
2386:Opened 1941, transfer point for planes sold to RAF
2326:Headquarters ATC Pacific Division, West Coast Wing
1002:Later, a Mid-Atlantic route was developed via the
3770:Military units and formations established in 1942
3692:The United States Army Air Forces in World War II
2267:Western Pacific Wing (activated on 10 April 1946)
2264:Eastern Pacific Wing (activated on 10 April 1946)
125:209,201 personnel; 3,224 transports (August 1945)
3736:
3705:Army Air Forces Statistical Digest, World War II
3327:
1925:(Turkey. It also ferried lend-lease aircraft to
1175:In the beginning of ATC operations, the Douglas
611:Long Beach to Tucson; then via Midland; Dallas;
123:30,518 personnel; 346 transports (December 1942)
2605:, Nashville (568th Army Air Forces Base Unit),
1577:Transported aircraft, personnel and cargo from
3317:http://www.cbi-history.com/part_xii_hump5.html
3294:http://www.atalink.org/hallfame/c.r.smith.html
3284:
3282:
3280:
2179:to Elmendorf AAF, Alaska, along the coast of
1479:
1215:did not appreciably increase until late 1943.
3775:Major commands of the United States Air Force
3245:http://www.afa.org/magazine/1991/0391hump.asp
3153:
3151:
3149:
3147:
888:South Pacific air ferry route in World War II
375:
189:Air Corps Ferrying Command Distinctive Badge
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3100:
936:By early 1942, it had become clear that the
3755:1948 disestablishments in the United States
3723:Tables 118–218 Operations and Miscellaneous
3412:AFHRA Document 00172675, Great Falls AAB MT
3277:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3080:
1117:, who remained as ATC's wartime commander.
708:, Long Beach Municipal Airport, California
3596:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3227:
2080:Operated the South Pacific Air Route from
771:, Wayne County Airport, Romulus, Michigan
223:as the strategic airlift component of the
3528:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3266:, New York: Simon & Schuster (1961),
3213:, New York: Simon & Schuster (1961),
3187:Serling, Robert J. "America's Airlines,"
3124:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3015:Baugher, Curtiss Hawk with Armee de l'Air
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2517:ATC Specialized Fighter Transition School
1408:, Virginia, 15 January 1943 – 1 June 1948
3750:1942 establishments in the United States
3387:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3077:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3033:
1810:at Prestwick to ferry passengers to the
1026:
1017:
847:
577:Long Beach to Tucson; then via Midland;
379:
121:11,000 personnel at creation (June 1942)
3585:
3467:AFHRA Document 00180405 Lunken Field OH
3375:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3340:
3224:
3191:, September 1977, Vol. 63 No. 9, p. 229
3004:Baugher, Douglas DB-7 in French Service
2970:
2968:
2966:
1526:. Controlled the Alaska-Siberia Route (
392:became law on 11 March 1941. With the
174:Patch with Air Transport Command emblem
3737:
3620:
3618:
3515:
2980:
2375:Embarkation Base, North Atlantic Route
2355:Embarkation Base, South Atlantic Route
1830:in 1943. Routes were established into
1273:The Air Transport Command fielded the
450:and the Southern California plants of
23:. For the current active command, see
21:Air Transport Command (disambiguation)
3701:, 1947, Ziff-Davis Publishing Company
3489:AFHRA Search Romulus Army Airfield MI
3030:
2455:" Embarkation Base (never developed)
1999:(Belgian Congo) for the transport of
1550:. Also operated transport route into
1402:Gravelly Point, Virginia, 29 May 1941
426:
3718:Tables 74–117 Aircraft and Equipment
3354:
2963:
2958:Air Force Historical Research Agency
2620:
2366:Headquarters ATC North Atlantic Wing
2285:
1715:North Atlantic Wing (established as
1514:Established October 1942. Supported
1484:Established 28 December 1941 as the
1417:
1167:to commandeer all transports of the
1046:Air Transport Association of America
835:
751:, Berry Field, Nashville, Tennessee
688:, Boeing Field, Seattle, Washington
680:
3615:
3336:. Hearst Magazines. pp. 72–74.
1954:Central African Wing (redesignated
1685:(Brazil) and from there across the
1412:
894:and islands of the Western Pacific.
810:, Logan Field, Baltimore, Maryland
438:To ferry aircraft purchased by the
13:
3328:Hearst Magazines (February 1945).
2217:. The route was later extended to
1492:on 26 February 1942; redesignated
1022:
791:) and the Bell factory at Buffalo.
14:
3786:
3290:Major General Cyrus Rowlett Smith
2838:, Maine, routed to ATC bases in
2564:ATC 1st Operational Training Unit
2523:ATC 4th Operational Training Unit
2489:ATC 6th Replacement Training Unit
2472:ATC 5th Replacement Training Unit
2429:North Atlantic Route Staging Base
2392:North Atlantic Route Staging Base
2369:23d Army Air Forces Ferrying Wing
2012:North African Wing (redesignated
1392:, 18 September 1947 – 1 June 1948
1362:Consolidated on 13 May 1982 with
1085:Creation of Air Transport Command
890:connected the US via Hawaii with
3170:. University of Illinois Press.
2952: This article incorporates
2947:
2890:was located on British territory
2547:ATC 3d Operational Training Unit
2506:ATC 2d Operational Training Unit
2423:ATC Long-Range Navigation School
2372:1380th Army Air Forces Base Unit
2280:
1376:Office of the Chief of Air Corps
1345:Army Air Forces Ferrying Command
1070:Civil Aeronautics Administration
366:Office of the Chief of Air Corps
195:
180:
156:
147:
138:
97:
80:
56:
48:
40:
3666:
3654:
3638:
3629:
3604:
3568:
3557:
3546:
3535:
3504:
3493:
3482:
3471:
3460:
3449:
3438:
3434:AFHRA Search, Morrison Field FL
3427:
3423:AFHRA Search, Hamilton Field CA
3416:
3405:
3394:
3330:"The Army's Navy to the Rescue"
3321:
3305:
3256:
3181:
2707:from Khartoum across Arabia to
2575:7th Ferrying Group (Detachment)
2561:561st Army Air Forces Base Unit
2544:566th Army Air Forces Base Unit
2526:Moved in the spring of 1944 to
2520:459th Army Air Forces Base Unit
2503:427th Army Air Forces Base Unit
2500:ATC Four Engine Training School
2486:590th Army Air Forces Base Unit
2406:586th Army Air Forces Base Unit
2389:378th Army Air Forces Base Unit
2352:1103d Army Air Forces Base Unit
2346:Headquarters ATC Caribbean Wing
2335:Embarkation Base, Pacific Route
2332:1503d Army Air Forces Base Unit
2302:557th Army Air Forces Base Unit
2197:Operated route from Hawaii via
1756:. Operated transport routes to
1396:
1006:to link the US with Europe and
961:that, because only four former
929:to link the US with Europe and
728:, Hensley Field, Dallas, Texas
650:or the British Air Commission.
3456:AFHRA Search, Houlton Field ME
3160:
3019:
3008:
2997:
2914:, Hawaii. Pr-war it went via
2910:, California and initially to
2718:After September 1943, The ATC
2686:South Atlantic Air Ferry Route
2666:South Atlantic Air Ferry Route
2578:Embarkation Base, Alaska Route
2448:553d Army Air Forces Base Unit
2426:552d Army Air Forces Base Unit
2305:Embarkation Base, Alaska Route
2071:in January 1943; redesignated
1929:(Iran) for onward shipment to
1814:. Established January 1943 as
1581:airfields (Morrison Field) to
1369:
1312:Military Air Transport Service
1284:
899:South Atlantic air ferry route
240:Military Air Transport Service
1:
3690:Office of Air Force History,
3687:, 1964, The Moffa Press, Inc.
3445:AFHRA Search, Presque Isle ME
3311:CBI Hump Pilots Association,
2942:
2786:, Casablanca, French Morocco.
2067:on 1 July 1942; redesignated
1723:on 1 July 1942; redesignated
1668:on 1 July 1942; redesignated
1568:on 1 July 1942; redesignated
1446:Women Airforce Service Pilots
1383:United States Army Air Forces
1338:Army Air Forces Ferry Command
1187:, a transport version of the
1149:
314:
242:in 1948 and was redesignated
225:United States Army Air Forces
219:unit that was created during
104:United States Army Air Forces
3760:Air force transport commands
3292:, Air Transport Association
2648:, Minnesota; terminating at
1937:. A connecting route linked
1904:; redesignated June 1943 as
1789:European Wing (redesignated
1647:and along the west coast of
1281:of the Pittsburgh Steelers.
601:and Wayne County to Montreal
534:and Wayne County to Montreal
475:Long Beach Municipal Airport
473:In Southern California, the
7:
3694:, edited by Craven and Cate
3401:AFHRA Search, Gore Field MT
3026:Curtiss P-40D (Kittyhawk I)
2611:Baltimore Municipal Airport
2205:for logistical support for
1719:20 June 1942; redesignated
1505:Alaskan Wing (redesignated
1494:Air Transportation Division
1480:Air Transportation Division
1357:Discontinued on 1 June 1948
871:connected mainland US with
191:(Approved 14 November 1941)
176:(Approved 30 November 1942)
10:
3791:
3500:AFHRA Search Charleston SC
3478:AFHRA Search New Castle DE
2836:Presque Isle Army Airfield
2812:Alexai Point Army Airfield
2750:, India, a former British
2512:Palm Springs Army Airfield
2409:Staging Base for RAF Sales
2343:, West Palm Beach, Florida
1329:Air Corps Ferrying Command
1321:
1316:Secretary of the Air Force
1183:In 1942, the Consolidated
402:Air Corps Ferrying Command
376:Air Corps Ferrying Command
266:
257:
18:
3542:AFHRA Search Homestead FL
2642:Great Falls Army Air Base
2595:Long Beach Army Air Field
2528:Brownsville Army Airfield
2415:New Castle County Airport
2313:Great Falls Army Air Base
1979:(South Arabia) and on to
1643:, it flew a route to the
1470:Anchorage-Elmendorf Field
1268:
188:
173:
168:
129:
117:
109:
93:
75:
67:
39:
34:
3553:AFHRA Search Reno Nevada
2572:, Minneapolis, Minnesota
2461:Charleston Army Airfield
2033:(French Morocco) and to
1956:Central African Division
1798:Created in July 1941 at
1538:via Central and Western
1364:Military Airlift Command
1199:, formerly president of
996:American Volunteer Group
355:With the passage of the
346:Roosevelt Administration
244:Military Airlift Command
2868:South Atlantic Division
2720:North Atlantic Division
2638:Northwest Staging Route
2553:Rosecrans Army Airfield
2495:Homestead Army Airfield
2478:Greenwood Army Airfield
2243:Logistical support for
2120:, Solomon Islands with
2045:(Egypt) and later from
1902:Africa-Middle East Wing
1834:in 1944 and throughout
1764:and onward to bases in
1725:North Atlantic Division
1670:South Atlantic Division
1390:United States Air Force
1295:United States Air Force
1108:I Troop Carrier Command
1074:Civil Aeronautics Board
955:Netherlands East Indies
869:Northwest Staging Route
726:* Middle Western Sector
341:to less than ten days.
297:1st Air Transport Group
217:United States Air Force
3166:Orenic, Liesl (2009).
2975:AAF Statistical Digest
2954:public domain material
2646:Wold/Chamberlain Field
2570:Wold/Chamberlain Field
2555:, St. Joseph, Missouri
2417:, Wilmington, Delaware
2349:26th Ferrying Squadron
2294:, Great Falls, Montana
2014:North African Division
1532:Minneapolis, Minnesota
1486:Foreign Division, ACFC
1424:Domestic Division ACFC
1185:C-87 Liberator Express
1032:
853:
385:
3745:Air Transport Command
3564:AFHRA Search, Wold MN
2705:Middle East Wing flew
2696:, Khartoum, north to
2678:Central African Route
2607:Romulus Army Airfield
2249:Thirteenth Air Forces
2183:primarily to deliver
1884:to ferry aircraft to
1750:Stephenville Air Base
1717:23d AAF Ferrying Wing
1559:Central/South America
1430:on 26 February 1942.
1352:Air Transport Command
1300:Department of Defense
1104:Air Transport Command
1030:
1018:Air Transport Command
963:Pan American Clippers
851:
671:Houlton Army Airfield
383:
209:Air Transport Command
35:Air Transport Command
3683:Stanley M. Ulanoff,
2880:South Atlantic Ocean
2860:South Atlantic Route
2824:North Atlantic Route
2810:, Alaska then on to
2758:. Crossed India to
2744:India-China Division
2440:Wayne County Airport
2211:Twentieth Air Forces
2155:Fourteenth Air Force
2138:India-China Division
2128:, Dutch East Indies.
2041:(French Morocco) to
2027:Fifteenth Air Forces
1687:South Atlantic Ocean
1536:Great Falls, Montana
1439:Zone of the Interior
1428:Domestic Wing, AAFFC
1076:, then wrote to the
862:North Atlantic route
613:Jackson, Mississippi
498:Wayne County Airport
309:10th Transport Group
301:Bellanca Aircruisers
252:Air Mobility Command
153:Asia-Pacific Theater
25:Air Mobility Command
19:For other uses, see
2896:South Pacific Route
2832:North Atlantic Wing
2792:North Pacific Route
2613:, Maryland, and at
2442:, Romulus, Michigan
2329:18th Ferrying Group
2177:Seattle, Washington
2147:Himalayan Mountains
2088:, Hawaii to either
2058:Pacific/CBI Theater
1945:, India, along the
1746:RCAF Station Gander
1721:North Atlantic Wing
1666:South Atlantic Wing
1490:Foreign Wing, AAFFC
1327:Established as the
1095:50th Transport Wing
1091:Air Service Command
1052:, a colonel in the
999:piecemeal fashion.
969:, and 11 converted
901:linked the US with
789:Ypsilanti, Michigan
706:* California Sector
433:Pearl Harbor attack
3299:2008-09-05 at the
3264:Fate Is The Hunter
3250:2008-07-08 at the
3211:Fate Is The Hunter
2804:Gray Army Airfield
2768:Mid-Atlantic Route
2713:Wonderboom Airport
2650:Ladd Army Airfield
2636:Also known as the
2536:Reno Army Airfield
2400:, Cincinnati, Ohio
2361:Presque Isle Field
2298:7th Ferrying Group
2274:Far East Air Force
2065:South Pacific Wing
1895:Africa/Middle East
1808:Northeast Airlines
1570:Caribbean Division
1516:Eleventh Air Force
1462:Presque Isle Field
1456:; Morrison Field,
1255:Catalina seaplanes
1136:Services of Supply
1033:
854:
761:4th Ferrying Group
749:* Nashville Sector
739:5th Ferrying Group
718:6th Ferrying Group
698:7th Ferrying Group
686:* Northwest Sector
427:ACFC Domestic Wing
386:
3334:Popular Mechanics
3176:978-0-252-03433-6
2852:Prestwick Airport
2736:India-China Route
2684:Extension of the
2672:, British Guiana.
2621:Overseas Stations
2590:
2589:
2445:3d Ferrying Group
2420:2d Ferrying Group
2255:and later to the
2096:, Australia, via
2084:, California via
1800:Prestwick Airport
1791:European Division
1744:or directly from
1734:Prestwick Airport
1701:(Uruguay) and to
1645:Galapagos Islands
1641:Panama Canal Zone
1625:Panama Canal Zone
1597:, (Bahamas); and
1426:and redesignated
1418:Ferrying Division
1251:submarine chasers
1201:American Airlines
836:ACFC Foreign Wing
832:
831:
820:2d Ferrying Group
797:3d Ferrying Group
777:Buffalo, New York
648:RAF Ferry Command
502:Romulus, Michigan
203:
202:
192:
177:
3782:
3661:
3658:
3652:
3642:
3636:
3633:
3627:
3622:
3613:
3608:
3602:
3598:
3583:
3572:
3566:
3561:
3555:
3550:
3544:
3539:
3533:
3530:
3513:
3508:
3502:
3497:
3491:
3486:
3480:
3475:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3453:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3431:
3425:
3420:
3414:
3409:
3403:
3398:
3392:
3389:
3352:
3349:
3338:
3337:
3325:
3319:
3309:
3303:
3286:
3275:
3260:
3254:
3237:
3222:
3207:
3192:
3185:
3179:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3122:
3118:
3075:
3071:
3028:
3023:
3017:
3012:
3006:
3001:
2995:
2991:
2978:
2972:
2951:
2950:
2904:Pacific Division
2888:Ascension Island
2884:Roberts Airfield
2816:Aleutian Islands
2752:Imperial Airways
2694:Khartoum Airport
2463:, South Carolina
2286:
2225:; and lastly to
2199:Marshall Islands
2181:British Columbia
2140:on 1 July 1944.)
2134:India-China Wing
2075:on 24 July 1944)
2073:Pacific Division
2053:(Italy) in 1944.
1906:Middle East Wing
1836:Occupied Germany
1812:European Theater
1736:, Scotland, via
1691:Ascension Island
1653:Salinas, Ecuador
1524:Aleutian Islands
1507:Alaskan Division
1413:Major Components
1347:on 31 March 1942
1222:and the Douglas
1165:Secretary of War
1115:Harold L. George
1050:Edgar S. Gorrell
967:TWA Stratoliners
953:and overran the
807:Northeast Sector
769:* Detroit Sector
681:
522:Boeing Field to
496:Boeing Field to
400:established the
372:Atlantic Ocean.
199:
190:
184:
175:
160:
151:
144:American Theater
142:
101:
86:
84:
83:
60:
52:
44:
32:
31:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3735:
3734:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3655:
3643:
3639:
3634:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3605:
3599:
3586:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3558:
3551:
3547:
3540:
3536:
3531:
3516:
3509:
3505:
3498:
3494:
3487:
3483:
3476:
3472:
3465:
3461:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3439:
3432:
3428:
3421:
3417:
3410:
3406:
3399:
3395:
3390:
3355:
3350:
3341:
3326:
3322:
3310:
3306:
3301:Wayback Machine
3287:
3278:
3261:
3257:
3252:Wayback Machine
3241:Flying the Hump
3238:
3225:
3208:
3195:
3189:Flying Magazine
3186:
3182:
3165:
3161:
3156:
3125:
3119:
3078:
3072:
3031:
3024:
3020:
3013:
3009:
3002:
2998:
2992:
2981:
2973:
2964:
2948:
2945:
2878:and across the
2808:Elmendorf Field
2800:West Coast Wing
2760:Chabua Airfield
2658:Caribbean Route
2623:
2591:
2433:
2283:
2221:, Philippines;
2203:Mariana Islands
2170:West Coast Wing
2163:Tenth Air Force
2016:on 1 July 1944)
1975:(Egypt) and to
1958:on 1 July 1944)
1824:Occupied Europe
1793:on 1 July 1944)
1727:on 1 July 1944)
1672:on 1 July 1944)
1633:Central America
1599:Sixth Air Force
1572:on 1 July 1944)
1552:Northern Canada
1509:on 1 July 1944)
1488:; redesignated
1482:
1420:
1415:
1399:
1372:
1340:on 9 March 1942
1324:
1287:
1271:
1152:
1087:
1025:
1023:Change of roles
1020:
992:Tenth Air Force
984:Ninth Air Force
971:B-24 Liberators
838:
833:
828:
595:Patterson Field
546:Tucson, Arizona
532:Omaha, Nebraska
440:Royal Air Force
429:
417:Barksdale Field
398:Henry H. Arnold
378:
322:Royal Air Force
317:
277:Boeing Model 40
269:
260:
206:
161:
152:
143:
124:
122:
81:
79:
63:
61:
55:
47:
45:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3788:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3733:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3653:
3637:
3628:
3614:
3603:
3584:
3567:
3556:
3545:
3534:
3514:
3503:
3492:
3481:
3470:
3459:
3448:
3437:
3426:
3415:
3404:
3393:
3353:
3339:
3320:
3304:
3288:Hall of Fame,
3276:
3262:Gann, Ernest,
3255:
3239:Glines, C.V.,
3223:
3209:Gann, Ernest,
3193:
3180:
3159:
3123:
3076:
3029:
3018:
3007:
2996:
2979:
2961:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2908:Hamilton Field
2899:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2872:Atkinson Field
2863:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2827:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2795:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2771:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2739:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2730:, Cairo Egypt.
2716:
2701:
2700:, Cairo Egypt.
2681:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2670:Atkinson Field
2661:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2644:, Montana and
2633:
2632:
2622:
2619:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2457:
2456:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:Lunken Airport
2394:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2377:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2341:Morrison Field
2337:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:Hamilton Field
2317:
2316:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2295:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2142:
2141:
2136:(redesignated
2130:
2129:
2082:Hamilton Field
2077:
2076:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2018:
2017:
2009:
2008:
1993:French Morocco
1960:
1959:
1951:
1950:
1910:
1909:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1876:and on to the
1857:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1820:French Morocco
1795:
1794:
1786:
1785:
1758:Goose Air Base
1729:
1728:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1674:
1673:
1661:
1660:
1607:bases, and to
1574:
1573:
1566:Caribbean Wing
1561:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1511:
1510:
1502:
1501:
1481:
1478:
1450:Hamilton Field
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1403:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1388:Headquarters,
1386:
1385:, 9 March 1942
1381:Headquarters,
1379:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:on 1 July 1942
1348:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1331:on 29 May 1941
1323:
1320:
1286:
1283:
1270:
1267:
1224:C-54 Skymaster
1189:B-24 Liberator
1151:
1148:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1086:
1083:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
923:
922:
895:
884:
865:
837:
834:
830:
829:
826:
825:
824:
822:, 28 May 1942.
815:
802:
801:
799:, 28 May 1942.
792:
781:Columbus, Ohio
766:
765:
763:, 28 May 1942.
756:
745:
744:
743:
741:, 28 May 1942.
734:
723:
722:
720:, 28 May 1942.
713:
703:
702:
700:, 28 May 1942.
693:
679:
644:
643:
625:North Carolina
608:
607:
603:
602:
574:
573:
569:
568:
544:Long Beach to
541:
540:
536:
535:
524:Salt Lake City
519:
518:
514:
513:
493:
492:
464:North American
428:
425:
394:North Atlantic
390:Lend-Lease Act
377:
374:
357:Lend-Lease Act
316:
313:
283:, California;
268:
265:
259:
256:
204:
201:
200:
193:
186:
185:
178:
171:
170:
166:
165:
164:
163:
154:
145:
131:
127:
126:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
95:
91:
90:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
53:
37:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3787:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3678:0-89201-092-4
3675:
3671:
3670:
3657:
3651:
3650:0-415-70176-7
3647:
3641:
3632:
3626:
3621:
3619:
3612:
3607:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3581:
3580:0-89096-711-3
3577:
3571:
3565:
3560:
3554:
3549:
3543:
3538:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3512:
3507:
3501:
3496:
3490:
3485:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3463:
3457:
3452:
3446:
3441:
3435:
3430:
3424:
3419:
3413:
3408:
3402:
3397:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3335:
3331:
3324:
3318:
3314:
3308:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3274:, pp. 213–217
3273:
3272:0-671-63603-0
3269:
3265:
3259:
3253:
3249:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3221:, pp. 160–164
3220:
3219:0-671-63603-0
3216:
3212:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3190:
3184:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3011:
3005:
3000:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2956:from the
2955:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2916:Midway Island
2913:
2909:
2905:
2902:Flown by the
2901:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2866:Flown by the
2865:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2830:Flown by the
2829:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2798:Flown by the
2797:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2780:Kindley Field
2777:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2742:Flown by the
2741:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2724:Dakar Airport
2721:
2717:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2692:, Liberia to
2691:
2690:Roberts Field
2687:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2618:
2616:
2615:Hensley Field
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2586:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2480:, Mississippi
2479:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2453:Crimson Route
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2381:Houlton Field
2379:
2378:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2311:Note: Nearby
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2281:Installations
2275:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2110:New Caledonia
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2049:(Algeria) to
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1991:(Senegal) to
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1866:Washington DC
1863:
1862:New York City
1859:
1858:
1855:Atlantic Wing
1854:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1816:European Wing
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1679:South America
1676:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1649:South America
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1579:South Florida
1576:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1500:North America
1499:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1435:United States
1431:
1429:
1425:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1378:, 29 May 1941
1377:
1374:
1373:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1350:Redesignated
1349:
1346:
1343:Redesignated
1342:
1339:
1336:Redesignated
1335:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1305:
1304:Paul Williams
1301:
1296:
1291:
1282:
1280:
1279:Vernon Martin
1276:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1220:C-46 Commando
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1178:
1177:C-47 Skytrain
1173:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1156:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1037:
1029:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1000:
997:
993:
989:
985:
979:
977:
972:
968:
964:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
939:
934:
932:
928:
920:
916:
912:
908:
907:Natal, Brazil
904:
900:
896:
893:
889:
885:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
863:
859:
858:
857:
850:
846:
842:
823:
821:
818:Redesignated
816:
813:
812:
811:
809:
808:
800:
798:
795:Redesignated
793:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
773:
772:
770:
764:
762:
759:Redesignated
757:
754:
753:
752:
750:
746:
742:
740:
737:Redesignated
735:
731:
730:
729:
727:
721:
719:
716:Redesignated
714:
711:
710:
709:
707:
701:
699:
696:Redesignated
694:
691:
690:
689:
687:
683:
682:
678:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
642:
638:
637:Mitchel Field
634:
630:
629:Bolling Field
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:
605:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
575:
571:
570:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
548:; thence via
547:
543:
542:
538:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
520:
516:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:
490:
489:
488:
485:
483:
479:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
446:factory near
445:
441:
436:
434:
424:
422:
418:
414:
413:GHQ Air Force
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
382:
373:
369:
367:
364:May 1941 the
361:
358:
353:
351:
347:
342:
339:
333:
330:
325:
323:
312:
310:
306:
305:Douglas DC-2s
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
264:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
236:
233:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:Military unit
198:
194:
187:
183:
179:
172:
167:
159:
155:
150:
146:
141:
137:
136:
135:
132:
128:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
100:
96:
92:
89:
88:United States
78:
74:
70:
66:
59:
51:
43:
38:
33:
30:
26:
22:
3704:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3667:Bibliography
3656:
3640:
3631:
3606:
3570:
3559:
3548:
3537:
3506:
3495:
3484:
3473:
3462:
3451:
3440:
3429:
3418:
3407:
3396:
3333:
3323:
3312:
3307:
3289:
3263:
3258:
3240:
3210:
3188:
3183:
3167:
3162:
3021:
3010:
2999:
2974:
2946:
2912:Hickam Field
2903:
2867:
2840:Newfoundland
2831:
2799:
2784:Anfa Airport
2746:. Began at
2743:
2719:
2704:
2685:
2665:
2664:Part of the
2637:
2630:Alaska Route
2624:
2599:Boeing Field
2592:
2584:
2514:, California
2432:
2323:, California
2137:
2094:Williamstown
2086:Hickam Field
2072:
2069:Pacific Wing
2068:
2064:
2013:
1997:Leopoldville
1955:
1947:Persian Gulf
1941:(Iraq) with
1915:Cairo, Egypt
1905:
1901:
1815:
1790:
1754:Newfoundland
1724:
1720:
1669:
1665:
1637:Howard Field
1583:Waller Field
1569:
1565:
1506:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1443:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1406:The Pentagon
1397:Headquarters
1351:
1344:
1337:
1328:
1311:
1309:
1292:
1288:
1274:
1272:
1263:
1259:
1248:
1228:
1217:
1194:
1182:
1174:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1119:
1112:
1103:
1100:
1088:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1012:
1008:North Africa
1001:
980:
959:
935:
931:North Africa
924:
877:Soviet Union
855:
843:
839:
817:
804:
803:
794:
787:plant (near
768:
767:
758:
748:
747:
736:
725:
724:
715:
705:
704:
695:
685:
684:
675:
659:Presque Isle
652:
645:
486:
482:Boeing Field
480:
472:
456:Consolidated
437:
430:
410:
401:
387:
370:
362:
354:
350:Nazi Germany
343:
338:Newfoundland
334:
326:
318:
291:, Ohio; and
274:
270:
261:
237:
229:
221:World War II
212:
208:
207:
162:EAME Theater
134:World War II
29:
3697:James Lee,
2928:Clark Field
2920:Wake Island
2906:, began at
2854:, Scotland.
2728:Payne Field
2709:RAF Sharjah
2698:Payne Field
2609:, Detroit,
2603:Berry Field
2601:, Seattle,
2257:Philippines
2161:and of the
2114:New Zealand
1985:West Africa
1842:and to the
1828:Scandinavia
1705:(Paraguay).
1695:West Africa
1617:Brownsville
1613:Puerto Rico
1370:Assignments
1285:Postwar era
1197:C. R. Smith
1078:White House
1054:Air Service
988:Middle East
938:Philippines
911:Middle East
903:West Africa
783:; the Ford
667:Millinocket
587:Scott Field
562:New Orleans
530:; then via
406:Robert Olds
285:San Antonio
130:Engagements
3739:Categories
2943:References
2748:RAF Jawani
2722:flew from
2617:, Dallas.
2292:Gore Field
2253:New Guinea
2039:Casablanca
2031:Casablanca
1699:Montevideo
1605:lend-lease
1593:, (Cuba);
1544:Ladd Field
1454:California
1150:Operations
785:Willow Run
621:Fort Bragg
315:Lend Lease
293:Middletown
281:Sacramento
3601:0343-2521
2932:Australia
2870:began at
2844:Greenland
2497:, Florida
2122:Hollandia
1778:Stockholm
1776:, and to
1766:Greenland
1738:Greenland
1659:, (Peru).
1602:Caribbean
1293:When the
1192:service.
951:Singapore
947:Australia
892:Australia
566:Louisiana
421:Louisiana
289:Fairfield
287:, Texas;
71:1942–1948
3297:Archived
3248:Archived
2802:between
2703:The ATC
2538:, Nevada
2530:, Texas.
2233:, China.
2215:Marianas
2151:The Hump
2116:and via
2090:Brisbane
2005:Pretoria
1965:Khartoum
1882:Portugal
1850:in 1945.
1762:Labrador
1703:Asuncion
1623:and the
1587:Trinidad
1522:and the
1232:Ploiești
1213:The Hump
1205:the Hump
990:and the
875:and the
641:New York
591:Illinois
583:Oklahoma
506:Montreal
452:Lockheed
329:ferrying
232:ferrying
215:) was a
169:Insignia
3178:, p. 50
2848:Iceland
2814:in the
2756:Karachi
2383:, Maine
2363:, Maine
2231:Kunming
2223:Okinawa
2213:in the
2207:Seventh
2118:Honiara
2047:Algiers
2035:Britain
2023:Twelfth
2001:uranium
1981:Karachi
1943:Karachi
1939:Baghdad
1886:England
1874:Bermuda
1844:Balkans
1826:and to
1742:Iceland
1655:and to
1635:. From
1548:Siberia
1458:Florida
1322:Lineage
1275:Rockets
1240:Okinawa
986:in the
881:Siberia
663:Houlton
617:Atlanta
550:Midland
460:Douglas
448:Seattle
267:Origins
258:History
248:airlift
102:
76:Country
3676:
3648:
3578:
3270:
3217:
3174:
2876:Brazil
2776:Azores
2585:
2219:Manila
2185:Boeing
2106:Noumea
2051:Naples
1949:coast.
1931:Russia
1927:Tehran
1890:France
1878:Azores
1848:Greece
1832:France
1782:Sweden
1774:Norway
1710:Europe
1657:Talara
1629:Mexico
1609:Panama
1595:Nassau
1591:Havana
1540:Canada
1520:Alaska
1474:Alaska
1468:; and
1269:Sports
1236:Tobruk
1004:Azores
976:Persia
965:, two
927:Azores
909:, the
873:Alaska
827:
733:Omaha.
554:Dallas
510:Quebec
468:Vultee
444:Boeing
94:Branch
85:
68:Active
2936:Tokyo
2245:Fifth
2227:Tokyo
2159:China
2043:Cairo
1989:Dakar
1987:from
1973:Cairo
1969:Sudan
1923:Adana
1919:Lydda
1872:) to
1870:Miami
1840:Italy
1683:Natal
1621:Texas
1528:ALSIB
1466:Maine
1244:Japan
1209:China
943:India
919:China
915:India
655:Maine
579:Tulsa
558:Texas
504:) to
3674:ISBN
3646:ISBN
3576:ISBN
3268:ISBN
3215:ISBN
3172:ISBN
3121:1983
3074:1945
2994:1983
2924:Guam
2922:and
2918:and
2247:and
2209:and
2126:Biak
2124:and
2104:and
2102:Fiji
2098:Nadi
2025:and
1977:Aden
1935:Baku
1933:via
1846:and
1806:and
1770:Oslo
1748:and
1689:via
1631:and
1627:via
1611:and
1534:and
1253:and
1169:DC-3
1089:The
945:and
917:and
905:via
897:The
886:The
879:via
867:The
860:The
779:and
665:and
633:D.C.
627:and
599:Ohio
552:and
528:Utah
466:and
303:and
118:Size
110:Role
2926:to
2882:to
2850:to
2846:to
2842:to
2251:in
2201:to
2157:in
2092:or
1804:TWA
1760:in
1752:in
1693:to
1681:to
1651:to
1542:to
1518:in
1242:to
635:to
560:to
213:ATC
3741::
3617:^
3587:^
3517:^
3356:^
3342:^
3332:.
3279:^
3226:^
3196:^
3126:^
3079:^
3032:^
2982:^
2965:^
2149:("
2108:,
2100:,
1967:,
1880:/
1868:,
1864:,
1838:,
1780:,
1772:,
1740:,
1639:,
1619:,
1585:,
1472:,
1464:,
1460:;
1452:,
1437:("
1246:.
913:,
805:*
661:,
639:,
631:,
623:,
619:,
615:;
597:,
593:;
589:,
585:;
581:,
564:,
556:,
526:,
508:,
462:,
458:,
454:,
419:,
352:.
254:.
227:.
3680:.
3582:.
2818:.
2259:.
1908:)
1784:.
1554:.
921:.
883:.
512:.
500:(
211:(
27:.
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