204:
27:
190:
The first mention of the structure dates from 1786. From 1839 to 1849 it served as prison next to the Aiud court of law. After being devastated by fire in
January 1849, a new prison was built in 1857, and completed in 1860. An isolation unit, named Zarca (from the Hungarian zárka, meaning solitary),
263:
report from
January 1954 observes: "Aiud Prison is one of the largest and harshest in Rumania. No letters or packages from home are allowed political prisoners, except that they are occasionally allowed to write home for winter clothing. Punishment consists of confinement in the "reserve," a box
244:
of 1989. In 1945 there were only 164 inmates left at Aiud; by the end of 1946 there were 345 inmates condemned of political crimes and 93 accused of such crimes. Those numbers increased in 1947 to 256 and 346, and in 1948 to 889 and 1,269, respectively. Overall, in the first 4 years after the war,
275:
recounts the 12 years he spent in the prisons and labor camps of
Communist Romania. He notes that Aiud's isolation from the outside world was the most severe, and states: "Its reputation was well established. The prison of all prisons. It became a symbol. The
219:
members were also detained there. The largest number of political prisoners held at Aiud during the war occurred at the end of 1944, when 851 inmates had been found guilty of political crimes and 6 were suspected of having committed such offenses.
362:
The prison is in service today as a "Maximum
Security Penitentiary"; as of February 2022, there are 737 detainees at Aiud. In 2017, a hall in the penitentiary was dedicated to the memory of one of the political prisoners from the communist period,
252:, 16.2% of all political prisoners in Communist Romania did some time at Aiud. From 1945 to 1965 there were 563 deaths registered at the prison, peaking in 1947, 1950, and 1961 at 110, 81, and 49, respectively. These deaths were mostly due to
325:
240:, the Aiud penitentiary was the most important and the harshest place of detention for political prisoners in Communist Romania. Political prisoners were detained at this facility from 1945 all the way up to the
1500:
1776:
248:
From
October 1948 to November 1949, more than 4,000 political prisoners were brought to Aiud Prison, while in the early 1950s the annual rate was above 2,000. According to a study done by the
330:
339:
was the prison's commandant, from 1953 to 1958, the conditions were extremely harsh, and over 100 detainees died. Most deaths at Aiud occurred from 1958 to 1964, when the notorious
1614:
396:
344:
256:, cold weather, lack of medical care, malnutrition, and solitary detention at the Zarca. The total number of prisoner deaths at Aiud from 1945 to 1989 has been put at 782.
777:
249:
1747:
1036:
836:
518:
1289:
1365:
440:
990:
737:
1533:"Cei mai temuți șefi ai Securității – colonelul Gheorghe Crăciun, despre care se spune că ar fi inventat carcera de 60/60 de centimetri căptușită cu cuie"
1783:
972:
307:
904:
605:
389:
336:
568:
916:
2034:
1643:
854:
848:
790:
708:
681:
296:
212:
949:
860:
1211:
1023:
808:
1911:
484:
292:
1434:
2044:
211:
During the period 1926–1943, some 143 Communist activists were imprisoned at Aiud peninteciary. Moreover, after the defeat of the
2024:
1462:
Ionescu, Arleen (January 2022). "Makarenko's and Țurcanu's Re-Education
Projects: Debunking a Myth in Romanian Historiography".
1501:"Poveștile torționarilor care au semănat groaza în temnițele comuniste: au bătut, au ucis și au trăit regește după Revoluție"
1417:
1264:
803:
288:
1532:
1180:
63:
1769:
317:
and journalist
Valeriu Șirianu—managed to escape; caught soon after, the latter two were subsequently executed.
1701:
367:; the hall is a space intended for educational and psychosocial assistance activities in support of current inmates.
321:
1154:
1376:
401:
349:
2029:
295:
in the mountains. However, not all the detainees agreed, and in late
December, only three of them—aviators
1587:
191:
was added in 1881–1882. Finally, between 1889 and 1892, a T-shaped unit with 312 individual cells was erected.
174:
1059:
1409:
56:
1860:
335:), "work of political diversion that would lead to discord and crushing one another" was necessary. While
2019:
1372:
260:
1834:
1752:
1734:
1041:
430:
This is a partial list of notable inmates of Aiud Prison; the symbol † indicates those who died there.
265:
1829:
841:
1952:
742:
523:
245:
authorities incarcerated at Aiud Prison 2,405 condemned individuals and 1,683 indicted individuals.
237:
542:
1962:
1314:
933:
590:
320:
From 1945 to 1948, the director of Aiud Prison was
Alexandru Guțan; during his tenure, the first
166:
1901:
1218:
478:
445:
291:, planned a mass escape of the prisoners, so that, once they were free, they would contact the
1670:
1013:
995:
463:
1315:"Recensământul populației concentraționare din România în anii 1945–1989 (date preliminare)"
1761:
977:
873:
312:
1998:
1896:
1808:
1339:
1064:
985:
284:
8:
1957:
909:
878:
826:
610:
241:
1813:
502:
1855:
1481:
1003:
633:
585:
573:
557:
537:
473:
1978:
962:
921:
671:
595:
513:
192:
1793:
1707:
1697:
1485:
1413:
1270:
1260:
1250:
1018:
894:
795:
713:
686:
639:
458:
301:
1947:
1644:"Miliția Spirituală: Cinci ardeleni apar pe lista torționarilor din lotul Vișinescu"
899:
1473:
1435:"Poveștile extraordinare ale evadaților din teroarea închisorilor comuniste române"
1255:(in Romanian). Institutul de Investigare a Crimelor Comunismului în România. Iași:
1054:
814:
782:
772:
761:
655:
600:
531:
364:
1983:
1881:
1615:"Torționarii de la Penitenciarul Aiud: reeducare și teroare în perioada comunistă"
732:
562:
1464:
954:
865:
831:
820:
726:
665:
660:
628:
1993:
1850:
1738:
967:
888:
883:
766:
703:
650:
623:
324:
took place there. According to his testimony (available in the archives of the
277:
165:. It is infamous for the treatment of its political inmates, especially during
1988:
1728:
2039:
2013:
1942:
1937:
1921:
1916:
1906:
1711:
1274:
1246:
1028:
939:
676:
644:
580:
508:
435:
233:
229:
170:
78:
65:
1669:
Uceanu-Petrache, Maria-Cosmina (2020), "The Mute Voice of
Communist Fears",
1008:
497:
489:
158:
1477:
552:
1886:
1048:
944:
755:
698:
547:
468:
452:
154:
45:
1619:
1560:
1537:
1505:
1439:
1891:
1401:
750:
721:
618:
375:
The directors of Aiud Prison during the communist era were as follows:
340:
272:
216:
131:
1689:
1084:
928:
693:
1290:"Aiud – lagăr de exterminare pentru opozanții sistemului comunist"
1087:
evokes the harsh conditions prisoners endured there in the 1950s.
26:
1293:
1256:
162:
49:
1465:
Partial Answers: Journal of Literature and the History of Ideas
1406:Închisoarea noastră cea de toate zilele. Editia a III-a. Vol. I
253:
203:
1791:
1252:
Dicționarul penitenciarelor din România comunistă: 1945–1967
1588:"Sala "Petre Țuțea" a Penitenciarului Aiud a fost sfințită"
150:
41:
326:
National Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives
264:
almost without air; forced labor; or labor on the famous
1672:
Language and Literature – European Landmarks of Identity
1567:(in Romanian). Administrația Națională a Penitenciarelor
421:
Colonel Vasile Țârtan, April 1, 1987–April 26, 1991
418:Colonel Vasile Rus, December 1, 1981–April 1, 1987
2011:
198:
1668:
250:International Centre for Studies into Communism
1678:, University of Pitești Press, pp. 95–100
1078:
1777:
1696:. Simona Popa. Timișoara: Editura Marineasa.
1366:"Information Report – Rumania – Aiud Prison"
1072:
195:was a prisoner at Aiud in 1794–1795.
1784:
1770:
25:
1426:
322:re-education program in Communist Romania
106:Administrația Națională a Penitenciarelor
1526:
1524:
1241:
1239:
1205:
1203:
1201:
202:
2035:Buildings and structures in Alba County
1612:
1461:
1287:
1212:"Morții penitenciarului Aiud 1945–1965"
1209:
2012:
1400:
1281:
1245:
1765:
1641:
1635:
1530:
1521:
1498:
1432:
1394:
1288:Hațegan, Ovidiu (December 28, 2006).
1236:
1198:
1642:Cicău, Cristina (October 23, 2013).
1499:Iancu, Mariana (November 17, 2018).
1334:
1332:
1089:
385:Captain Nicolae Dorobanțu, 1950–1953
223:
1745:(Aiud's Curse) at the 2005 concert
1688:
1585:
1433:Iancu, Mariana (December 8, 2018).
1340:"Torționarii închisorilor României"
415:Lt. Colonel Mihai Damian, 1978–1981
13:
1358:
425:
412:Colonel Traian Moldovan, 1973–1978
270:Give us each day our daily prison,
14:
2056:
1730:Tudor Gheorghe – Aiudule, Aiudule
1722:
1375:. 11 January 1954. Archived from
1329:
409:Colonel Iorgu Volcescu, 1965–1973
406:, November 1958–December 31, 1964
382:Major Alexandru Farcaș, 1948–1950
1870:Transylvania, Crișana, Maramureș
1613:Țimonea, Dorin (March 6, 2013).
1586:Pau, Andrei (January 20, 2017).
379:Major Alexandru Guțan, 1945–1948
2045:Political repression in Romania
1682:
1662:
1606:
1579:
1553:
1531:Găină, Ramona (June 19, 2013).
1492:
1455:
1210:Țârău, Virgiliu; Ciupea, Ioan.
283:In 1951, two of the detainees,
2025:Human rights abuses in Romania
1307:
1173:
1147:
357:
1:
1972:Western Moldavia and Bukovina
1217:(in Romanian). Archived from
1140:
228:Together with the prisons at
199:The interwar and World War II
185:
1694:Poezii. Vol. 3, Lirica orală
1346:(in Romanian). March 3, 2013
370:
7:
1373:Central Intelligence Agency
1130:May that stop your feasting
10:
2061:
1060:Ștefana Velisar Teodoreanu
180:
1971:
1930:
1869:
1843:
1822:
1801:
1758:(With Jesus in the Cell).
293:anti-communist resistance
207:Watchtower at Aiud Prison
126:
118:
110:
102:
94:
55:
37:
33:
24:
1132:on anguish and gnashes.
1093:
1073:Cultural representations
543:George Matei Cantacuzino
79:46.313472°N 23.7272611°E
1344:www.cuvantul-ortodox.ro
1037:Constantin Trestioreanu
934:Constantin Petrovicescu
591:Vladimir Constantinescu
213:Legionnaires' rebellion
149:is a prison complex in
16:Romanian prison complex
2030:Inmates of Aiud prison
1835:Danube–Black Sea Canal
1408:. Bucharest, Romania:
1126:Flow down into gravel,
1123:as to crumble asunder.
1115:
1079:
266:Danube–Black Sea Canal
208:
173:, and later under the
1648:Transilvania Reporter
1478:10.1353/pan.2022.0004
1224:on September 24, 2015
1119:you horrible blunder,
464:Constantin Anghelache
206:
157:, located in central
122:Strada Morii, nr. 7-9
84:46.313472; 23.7272611
1741:interprets the poem
1561:"Penitenciarul Aiud"
874:Constantin Nicolescu
837:Ioan Mocsony-Stârcea
1382:on January 23, 2017
1108:Mereu vrei scâncete
1014:Păstorel Teodoreanu
879:Alexandru Nicolschi
827:Alexandru Mironescu
441:Wolf von Aichelburg
268:." In his memoirs,
242:Romanian Revolution
138:/penitenciarul-aiud
75: /
21:
2020:Prisons in Romania
1748:Cu Iisus în Celulă
1743:Blestemul Aiudului
1185:cultura.inmures.ro
1083:("Aiud's Curse"),
1080:Blestemul Aiudului
1004:Nicolae Steinhardt
991:Gheorghe Stavrescu
804:Nicolae Mărgineanu
738:Gheorghe Koslinski
634:Constantin Eftimiu
586:Alexandru Claudian
538:Corneliu Calotescu
289:Nicolae Mărgineanu
209:
169:under the rule of
19:
2007:
2006:
1794:Communist Romania
1419:978-973-50-4203-5
1410:Editura Humanitas
1266:978-973-46-0893-5
1181:"Gheorghe Șincai"
1138:
1137:
1121:please be so good
1095:Aiudule, Aiudule,
1065:Mircea Vulcănescu
1019:Constant Tonegaru
986:Dumitru Stăniloae
973:Gheorghe Spulbatu
640:Gheorghe Eminescu
519:Constantin Bușilă
479:Szilárd Bogdánffy
459:Bartolomeu Anania
308:Gheorghe Spulbatu
285:Mircea Vulcănescu
224:The Communist era
144:
143:
114:Adrian Dorel Popa
2052:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1763:
1762:
1756:
1731:
1716:
1715:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1528:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1381:
1370:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1243:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1223:
1216:
1207:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1151:
1128:Burn into ashes.
1110:și bei oftaturi
1106:că nu te saturi.
1104:Focul mănâce-te,
1099:fă-te, zăludule,
1097:temniță cruntă,
1090:
1082:
1045:
1032:
999:
981:
958:
925:
913:
905:Arsenie Papacioc
869:
845:
815:Ion C. Marinescu
799:
786:
773:Gheorghe Manoliu
762:Horia Macellariu
746:
717:
690:
656:Gheorghe Flondor
614:
606:Gheorghe A. Cuza
601:Nichifor Crainic
577:
532:Emil Calmanovici
527:
503:Traian Brăileanu
493:
449:
405:
397:Gheorghe Crăciun
353:
345:Gheorghe Crăciun
334:
316:
305:
175:Communist regime
140:
137:
135:
133:
90:
89:
87:
86:
85:
80:
76:
73:
72:
71:
68:
29:
22:
18:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1967:
1926:
1865:
1839:
1818:
1797:
1790:
1750:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1704:
1687:
1683:
1675:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1640:
1636:
1626:
1624:
1611:
1607:
1597:
1595:
1584:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1544:
1542:
1529:
1522:
1512:
1510:
1497:
1493:
1460:
1456:
1446:
1444:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1412:. p. 473.
1399:
1395:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1298:
1296:
1292:(in Romanian).
1286:
1282:
1267:
1244:
1237:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1208:
1199:
1189:
1187:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1164:
1162:
1155:"Cadru istoric"
1153:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1101:piatră măruntă.
1100:
1098:
1096:
1075:
1070:
1039:
1026:
993:
975:
963:Gheorghe Șincai
952:
919:
907:
863:
839:
832:Radu Mironovici
821:Istrate Micescu
793:
780:
740:
727:Modest Isopescu
711:
684:
672:Toma Ghițulescu
666:Constantin Gane
661:Valeriu Gafencu
629:Ioan Dumitrache
608:
596:Dumitru Coroamă
571:
569:Radu Cioculescu
521:
514:Radu Budișteanu
487:
443:
428:
426:Notable inmates
399:
373:
360:
354:was in charge.
347:
328:
310:
299:
226:
201:
193:Gheorghe Șincai
188:
183:
130:
83:
81:
77:
74:
69:
66:
64:
62:
61:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2058:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1789:
1788:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1739:Tudor Gheorghe
1724:
1723:External links
1721:
1718:
1717:
1702:
1681:
1661:
1634:
1605:
1578:
1552:
1520:
1491:
1454:
1425:
1418:
1393:
1357:
1328:
1306:
1280:
1265:
1247:Muraru, Andrei
1235:
1197:
1172:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1113:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1034:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
988:
983:
970:
968:Virgil Solomon
965:
960:
947:
942:
937:
931:
926:
914:
902:
900:Gherman Pântea
897:
892:
889:Gavril Olteanu
886:
884:Vasile Noveanu
881:
876:
871:
858:
855:Petru Nemoianu
852:
849:Gabriel Negrei
846:
834:
829:
824:
818:
812:
806:
801:
791:Socrat Mardari
788:
775:
770:
767:Nicolae Macici
764:
759:
753:
748:
735:
730:
724:
719:
709:Iosif Iacobici
706:
704:Traian Herseni
701:
696:
691:
682:Tudor Greceanu
679:
674:
669:
663:
658:
653:
651:Radu Filipescu
648:
642:
637:
631:
626:
624:Ion Diaconescu
621:
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603:
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588:
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419:
416:
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407:
393:
386:
383:
380:
372:
369:
359:
356:
297:Tudor Greceanu
278:Holy of Holies
225:
222:
200:
197:
187:
184:
182:
179:
142:
141:
128:
124:
123:
120:
119:Street address
116:
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59:
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52:
39:
35:
34:
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15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2028:
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2023:
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2018:
2017:
2015:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
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1976:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1953:Râmnicu Sărat
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
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1898:
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1219:the original
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1159:Martiri Aiud
1158:
1149:
1116:
1094:
1077:In his poem
1076:
1009:Paul Sterian
950:Ion Sichitiu
917:Iustin Pârvu
895:Nicolae Păiș
861:Gheron Netta
498:Sorin Bottez
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210:
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167:World War II
159:Transylvania
146:
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67:46°18′48.5″N
1856:Ocnele Mari
1830:Brăila Pond
1796:(1945–1967)
1792:Prisons in
1751: [
1654:February 5,
1627:February 5,
1592:basilica.ro
1571:February 5,
1545:February 5,
1513:February 5,
1472:(1): 1–26.
1402:Ioanid, Ion
1350:February 6,
1299:February 5,
1190:January 25,
1117:Aiud, Aiud,
1055:Petre Țuțea
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358:Current use
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155:Alba County
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57:Coordinates
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20:Aiud Prison
2014:Categories
1999:Târgu Ocna
1912:Lead mines
1897:Dumbrăveni
1809:Caransebeș
1565:anp.gov.ro
1141:References
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722:Ion Ioanid
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341:Securitate
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186:Early days
103:Managed by
1963:Văcărești
1931:Wallachia
1861:Târgu Jiu
1814:Timișoara
1712:895664688
1690:Gyr, Radu
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1447:April 25,
1321:April 18,
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1249:(2008).
1085:Radu Gyr
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395:Colonel
388:Colonel
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1994:Suceava
1958:Târgșor
1948:Pitești
1902:Făgăraș
1851:Craiova
1844:Oltenia
1823:Dobruja
1735:YouTube
1294:HotNews
1257:Polirom
181:History
163:Romania
127:Website
50:Romania
1984:Galați
1943:Mislea
1938:Jilava
1922:Sighet
1917:Oradea
1907:Gherla
1882:Brașov
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1271:OCLC
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