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Alachua culture

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127:. In this scenario, the Ocmulgee immigrants were either already practicing agriculture or adopted it shortly after arriving, and settled in upland areas suitable for agriculture. These areas had been little used by the Cades Pond people, who had occupied areas in wetlands. The Cades Pond culture disappeared soon after the appearance of the Alachua culture. Other archaeologists have suggested that the distinctive Alachua pottery types developed in situ, and even that the resemblance between Ocmulgee and Alachua pottery resulted from a migration from the Alachua area to the Ocmulgee area. Archaeologists also note the close resemblance between Alachua culture and neighboring 795: 979: 27: 206:. The village sites are often in clusters, which may have resulted from periodic relocation of a village in a small area. The village clusters tend to fall along lines, which may represent the lines of the hammocks, or the paths of trails. Archaeological sites associated with the Alachua culture include the Richardson ( 525: 235:
contain few fresh water shells, and a smaller number of animal species, compared to Cades Pond middens. This may indicate a reduction in hunting and gathering as food sources, compared to the preceding Cades Pond culture. A more detailed analysis of the food resources used by the Alachua culture
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types. The most common type of pottery during the Hickory Pond period was the Prairie Cord Marked style. The Alachua Cob Marked style became more prevalent in the Alachua sub-period. Other styles of pottery occurred throughout the Alachua culture period.
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in 1539, as well as the later mission of San Buenaventura de Potano. Other Alachua culture sites include Bolen Bluff, Fox Pond, Henderson Mound, Law School Mound, Rocky Point and Woodward Mound and Village.
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are found in the area, but have not been extensively excavated. Storage pits and indications of other structures, including a circular house at one site, have been found in villages.
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part of the Alachua culture period has been divided into the Hickory Pond period (600 to 1250) and the Alachua period (1250-1539). At the time of first contact with
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artifacts and of pottery styles from other cultures. The Potano II period was marked by the almost complete replacement of traditional pottery styles by
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Worth, John E. (2012). "An Overview of the Suwannee Valley Culture". In Ashley, Keith; White, Nancy Marie (eds.).
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Richardson, Bolen Bluff, Fox Pond, Henderson Mound, Law School Mound, Rocky Point and Woodward Mound and Village.
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The presence of Cob Marked pottery throughout the period indicates that the people of the Alachua culture grew
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The sub-periods in the Alachua culture period are defined by the relative prevalence of different
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Jerald Milanich suggests that the people of the Alachua culture were immigrants from what is now
84: 2249: 1969: 1816: 1759: 1693: 1678: 1331: 1236: 991: 885: 860: 689: 179: 92: 88: 76: 83:, dating from around 600 to 1700. It is found in an area roughly corresponding to present-day 2443: 2377: 2324: 2219: 2119: 1886: 1851: 1841: 1782: 1443: 1231: 945: 920: 740: 704: 207: 794: 2014: 1866: 1738: 1396: 1316: 112: 8: 2505: 1801: 1728: 1703: 1668: 1648: 1361: 1306: 1156: 1091: 1081: 940: 895: 875: 850: 725: 679: 2590: 2134: 2129: 1989: 1836: 1772: 1753: 1688: 1683: 1615: 1351: 1191: 1121: 1071: 855: 618: 187: 96: 1708: 2616: 2417: 2124: 1881: 1861: 1643: 1533: 1478: 1381: 1371: 1346: 1211: 1161: 1101: 930: 915: 750: 582: 478: 459: 436: 417: 398: 144: 2560: 2397: 2349: 2299: 2239: 2154: 2079: 2069: 2044: 1999: 1846: 1796: 1777: 1767: 1718: 1713: 1276: 1141: 1046: 890: 870: 215: 160: 2453: 2407: 2159: 2104: 2094: 1954: 1733: 1663: 1658: 1605: 1311: 1281: 1061: 1041: 900: 664: 623: 529: 491: 72: 2535: 2520: 2510: 2149: 1979: 1934: 1831: 1743: 1698: 1517: 1321: 1026: 1011: 1006: 996: 880: 865: 540: 148: 124: 2412: 1544: 2631: 2392: 2387: 2279: 2229: 2224: 2209: 2199: 2194: 1944: 1821: 1633: 1610: 1512: 1401: 1341: 1146: 1136: 910: 905: 720: 592: 2595: 2550: 2500: 2490: 2470: 2438: 2339: 2294: 2274: 2059: 2039: 2004: 1919: 1904: 1723: 1595: 1386: 1296: 1261: 1206: 1036: 1021: 735: 684: 628: 186:). This suggests that the depopulated Potano Province was repopulated from 108: 2448: 2329: 2309: 2174: 2034: 2024: 1909: 1653: 1507: 1406: 1286: 1116: 1096: 598: 587: 2485: 2382: 2254: 2169: 1994: 1493: 1421: 1301: 1241: 1086: 1076: 791: 524: 2084: 477:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. pp. 149–71. 458:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. pp. 126–48. 2259: 2089: 1166: 613: 603: 571: 561: 183: 978: 350: 2458: 2422: 2372: 2234: 2019: 1453: 1256: 674: 203: 151:
explorers, the Alachua culture area was occupied by the historical
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The period after 1539 was characterized by the introduction of
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Former Native American populated places in the United States
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pottery, which appears to have developed in situ out of the
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List of Native American peoples in the United States
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Florida's Indians from Ancient Times to the Present
521: 2653:Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands 2629: 2688:17th-century disestablishments in North America 1574: 454:. In Ashley, Keith; White, Nancy Marie (eds.). 99:, which inhabited approximately the same area. 1489:Protection of Native American sites in Florida 644:University of Tennessee Agriculture Farm Mound 546:List of archaeological periods (North America) 1560: 777: 507: 609:Little Maquoketa River Mounds State Preserve 414:Florida Indians and the Invasion from Europe 2683:6th-century establishments in North America 1484:Indigenous peoples of the Everglades region 800:Indigenous peoples of Pre-Columbian Florida 1567: 1553: 784: 770: 514: 500: 25: 2075:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park 430: 411: 392: 159:. They spoke the Potano dialect of the 449: 349:Boyer, Willet III (July–October 2015). 2630: 452:"The Alachua of North Central Florida" 1548: 765: 495: 472: 348: 16:Archaeological culture in Florida, US 2643:Post-Archaic period in North America 198:The Alachua-culture people occupied 182:pottery styles (associated with the 2546:Norse colonization of North America 395:Archaeology of Precolumbian Florida 13: 2668:Native American history of Florida 2658:Archaeological cultures of Florida 977: 14: 2699: 731:Extreme weather events of 535–536 236:people has not been made. Burial 2648:Formative period in the Americas 1500:List of shell ring sites#Florida 793: 523: 2673:Archaeological sites in Florida 2566:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex 374: 365: 342: 133:McKeithen Weeden Island culture 333: 324: 315: 306: 297: 288: 279: 270: 261: 222: 1: 386: 2531:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing 2481:Eastern Agricultural Complex 431:Milanich, Jerald T. (1998). 412:Milanich, Jerald T. (1995). 393:Milanich, Jerald T. (1994). 7: 1915:Bandelier National Monument 1789:List of Mississippian sites 1576:Pre-Columbian North America 1017:Big Mound Key-Boggess Ridge 959:North peninsular Gulf coast 634:St. Croix River Access Site 243: 10: 2704: 2335:West Oak Forest Earthlodge 1940:The Bluff Point Stoneworks 1649:Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) 1267:Ortona Prehistoric Village 355:The Florida Anthropologist 138: 2604: 2576:Three Sisters agriculture 2431: 2363: 1895: 1624: 1582: 1526: 1471: 1435: 970: 836: 806: 713: 652: 554: 536: 155:Indians, a branch of the 102: 95:. It was preceded by the 57: 49: 41: 33: 24: 2115:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site 1674:Buttermilk Creek complex 1252:Naval Live Oaks Cemetery 1057:Cayson Mound and Village 567:Beattie Park Mound Group 475:Late Prehistoric Florida 456:Late Prehistoric Florida 255: 193: 115:. Early Alachua culture 91:and the western part of 2315:Town Creek Indian Mound 2285:Sierra de San Francisco 2140:Meadowcroft Rockshelter 700:Suwannee Valley culture 450:Rolland, Vicki (2012). 129:Suwannee Valley culture 87:, the northern half of 37:Late Woodland Southeast 2663:Pre-Columbian cultures 1970:Coso Rock Art District 1857:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek 1760:List of Hopewell sites 1187:Letchworth-Love Mounds 1132:Hickory Ridge Cemetery 992:Aqui Esta Burial Mound 982: 926:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek 690:Princess Point complex 670:Clemson Island culture 530:Late Woodland cultures 119:resembled that of the 77:archaeological culture 2378:Arlington Springs Man 2220:Portsmouth Earthworks 1444:Manasota Key Offshore 1427:Yon Mound and Village 1202:Mark Pardo Shellworks 1172:Kimball Island Midden 981: 741:Mississippian culture 705:Weeden Island culture 371:Milanich 1994:333-336 339:Milanich 1994: 334-35 321:Milanich 1995: 214-15 312:Milanich 1994: 337-38 285:Worth: 153-54, 164-65 267:Milanich 1994: 333-36 2586:Transoceanic contact 2476:Container Revolution 2050:Gila Cliff Dwellings 2015:Etowah Indian Mounds 1459:Warm Mineral Springs 1032:Bowers Bluff Middens 736:Fort Ancient culture 2506:Green Corn Ceremony 2320:Turkey River Mounds 2110:Lake Jackson Mounds 1930:Blue Spring Shelter 1362:Shell Bluff Landing 1307:Pompano Beach Mound 1247:Myakkahatchee Creek 1197:Madira Bickel Mound 1177:Lake Jackson Mounds 828:Post-Archaic period 726:Belle Glade culture 680:Monongahela culture 21: 2591:Underwater panther 2265:Rosenstock Village 2135:Marmes Rockshelter 2120:L'Anse aux Meadows 1412:Waddells Mill Pond 1357:Shark River Slough 1192:Little Salt Spring 983: 619:Memorial Park Site 380:Milanich 1994: 335 330:Milanich 1994: 340 294:Milanich 1994: 338 188:Apalachee Province 97:Cades Pond culture 19: 2625: 2624: 2617:Pre-Columbian era 2418:Spirit Cave mummy 2215:Plum Bayou Mounds 2125:Lynch Quarry Site 1644:Ancient Beringian 1542: 1541: 1534:Pre-Columbian era 1479:Beaver Lake point 1372:Third Gulf Breeze 1182:Lake Pithlachocco 1102:Fort Walton Mound 759: 758: 751:St. Johns culture 695:Springwells phase 583:Brinsfield I Site 484:978-0-8130-4014-1 465:978-0-8130-4014-1 303:Milanich 1995: 90 200:hardwood hammocks 79:in north-central 75:Southeast period 65: 64: 2695: 2561:Projectile point 2398:Leanderthal Lady 2325:Upward Sun River 2300:Stallings Island 2290:Shell ring sites 2240:Recapture Canyon 2155:Moorehead Circle 2000:El Fin del Mundo 1985:Cueva de la Olla 1791: 1778:Maritime Archaic 1762: 1592: 1569: 1562: 1555: 1546: 1545: 1502: 1082:Devil's Den Cave 1047:Butcherpen Mound 1002:Bear Lake Mounds 961: 954: 814: 798: 797: 786: 779: 772: 763: 762: 528: 527: 516: 509: 502: 493: 492: 488: 469: 446: 427: 408: 381: 378: 372: 369: 363: 362: 346: 340: 337: 331: 328: 322: 319: 313: 310: 304: 301: 295: 292: 286: 283: 277: 274: 268: 265: 216:Hernando de Soto 161:Timucua language 123:found along the 121:Ocmulgee culture 29: 22: 18: 2703: 2702: 2698: 2697: 2696: 2694: 2693: 2692: 2638:Alachua culture 2628: 2627: 2626: 2621: 2612:Genetic history 2600: 2454:Ceremonial pipe 2427: 2408:Minnesota Woman 2365: 2359: 2180:Ocmulgee Mounds 2160:Morrison Mounds 2105:Kolomoki Mounds 2095:Kimball Village 1955:Candelaria Cave 1897: 1891: 1872:Suwannee Valley 1807:Old Cordilleran 1787: 1758: 1626: 1620: 1586: 1578: 1573: 1543: 1538: 1522: 1498: 1467: 1437: 1431: 1417:Wakulla Springs 1397:Upper Tampa Bay 1312:Portavant Mound 1282:Persimmon Mound 1227:Mount Elizabeth 972: 966: 957: 950: 936:Suwannee Valley 838: 832: 810: 802: 792: 790: 760: 755: 709: 665:Avonlea culture 660:Alachua culture 648: 639:Sommerheim Park 624:Nottingham Site 550: 532: 522: 520: 485: 466: 443: 424: 405: 389: 384: 379: 375: 370: 366: 347: 343: 338: 334: 329: 325: 320: 316: 311: 307: 302: 298: 293: 289: 284: 280: 275: 271: 266: 262: 258: 246: 225: 196: 141: 105: 69:Alachua culture 17: 12: 11: 5: 2701: 2691: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2619: 2614: 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1769: 1766: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1623: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1590: 1585: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1570: 1565: 1563: 1558: 1556: 1551: 1550: 1547: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1525: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1513:Simpson point 1511: 1509: 1506: 1501: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1476: 1474: 1472:Miscellaneous 1470: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1449:Melbourne Man 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1434: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1402:Useppa Island 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1353: 1352:Safety Harbor 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1342:Rookery Mound 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1147:Indian Fields 1145: 1143: 1142:Horr's Island 1140: 1138: 1137:Hinson Mounds 1135: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1122:Halfway Creek 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1067:Crystal River 1065: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 987:Apalachee Bay 985: 984: 980: 975: 969: 960: 956: 953: 949: 948: 947: 946:Weeden Island 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 921:Safety Harbor 919: 917: 914: 912: 911:Paleo-Indians 909: 907: 906:Orange period 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 892: 889: 887: 884: 882: 879: 877: 874: 872: 869: 867: 864: 862: 859: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 843: 841: 835: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 813: 809: 808: 805: 801: 796: 787: 782: 780: 775: 773: 768: 767: 764: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 721:Steuben point 719: 716: 715: 712: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 657: 655: 651: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 594: 593:Clampitt Site 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 559: 557: 553: 547: 544: 542: 539: 538: 535: 531: 526: 517: 512: 510: 505: 503: 498: 497: 494: 486: 480: 476: 471: 467: 461: 457: 453: 448: 444: 442:0-8130-1599-5 438: 434: 429: 425: 423:0-8130-1360-7 419: 415: 410: 406: 404:0-8130-1273-2 400: 396: 391: 390: 377: 368: 360: 356: 352: 345: 336: 327: 318: 309: 300: 291: 282: 273: 264: 260: 251: 248: 247: 241: 239: 234: 230: 220: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 191: 189: 185: 181: 177: 172: 169: 164: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 136: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 100: 98: 94: 93:Putnam County 90: 89:Marion County 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 60: 56: 52: 48: 44: 40: 36: 32: 28: 23: 2596:Water glyphs 2551:Oasisamerica 2541:N.A.G.P.R.A. 2501:Folsom point 2491:Effigy mound 2471:Clovis point 2439:Aridoamerica 2340:Wickiup Hill 2295:Spiro Mounds 2275:Salmon Ruins 2270:Russell Cave 2065:Helen Blazes 2060:Grimes Point 2040:Fort Juelson 2030:Fort Ancient 2005:El Vallecito 1965:Chaco Canyon 1905:Angel Mounds 1867:Steed-Kisker 1817:Paleo-Arctic 1739:Glacial Kame 1724:Fort Ancient 1638: 1616:Post-Classic 1587: 1387:Turtle Mound 1382:Turner River 1377:Thomas Creek 1367:Spruce Creek 1347:Ross Hammock 1317:Porter's Bar 1297:Platt Island 1262:Ormond Mound 1237:Mount Taylor 1207:Miami Circle 1162:Jungle Prada 1152:J&J Hunt 1127:Helen Blazes 1112:Garden Patch 1037:Bubba Midden 1022:Bird Hammock 896:Mount Taylor 845: 818:Paleoindians 811: 685:Oliver phase 659: 629:Ormond Mound 474: 455: 432: 413: 394: 376: 367: 358: 354: 344: 335: 326: 317: 308: 299: 290: 281: 272: 263: 226: 197: 173: 165: 145:precolumbian 142: 109:archeologist 106: 68: 66: 2581:Thunderbird 2449:Black drink 2413:Peñon woman 2350:Winterville 2330:Velda Mound 2310:Taos Pueblo 2205:Parkin Park 2190:Orwell site 2175:Nodena site 2070:Holly Bluff 2045:Four Mounds 2035:Fort Center 1960:Casa Grande 1910:Anzick site 1802:Monongahela 1729:Fort Walton 1704:Coles Creek 1669:Belle Glade 1654:Anishinaabe 1508:Shell works 1407:Velda Mound 1392:Twin Mounds 1277:Page-Ladson 1232:Mount Royal 1217:Monroe Lake 1117:Green Mound 1107:Galt Island 1097:Fort Center 941:Swift Creek 876:Fort Walton 851:Belle Glade 599:Fisher site 595:(12-LR-329) 588:Brokaw Site 223:Subsistence 214:visited by 58:Preceded by 50:Major sites 2632:Categories 2526:Metallurgy 2486:Eden point 2383:Buhl Woman 2255:Rock Eagle 2245:River Styx 2170:Mummy Cave 2165:Moundville 2145:Mesa Verde 2130:Marksville 1877:Tchefuncte 1837:Plaquemine 1773:Las Palmas 1689:Calf Creek 1684:Cades Pond 1494:Shell ring 1422:Yent Mound 1337:Rock Mound 1327:River Styx 1242:Mullet Key 1087:Dismal Key 1077:Demere Key 1062:C. J. Ostl 1052:Cayo Pelau 1042:Burns Lake 856:Cades Pond 579:(12 MA 61) 577:Bowen Site 387:References 71:is a Late 61:Cades Pond 2571:Stickball 2260:Rock Hawk 2090:Key Marco 1882:Troyville 1862:St. Johns 1847:Red Ocher 1606:Formative 1272:Otis Hare 1222:Mound Key 1212:Mill Cove 1167:Key Marco 1027:Blueberry 997:Bay Pines 952:McKeithen 931:St. Johns 916:Pensacola 614:Man Mound 604:Hoye Site 572:Book site 562:Baum Site 204:sinkholes 184:Apalachee 2459:Chanunpa 2444:Ballgame 2423:Vero man 2373:Anzick-1 2345:Windover 2305:SunWatch 2235:Rassawek 2055:Glenwood 1945:Brewster 1797:Mogollon 1768:La Jolla 1754:Hopewell 1714:Deptford 1627:cultures 1464:Windover 1454:Vero man 1292:Pineland 1257:Nocoroco 891:Manasota 871:Deptford 839:cultures 675:Manahoac 653:Cultures 244:See also 176:European 73:Woodland 45:600–1700 2608:Related 2466:Chunkey 2366:remains 2355:Wupatki 2195:Paquime 2085:Huápoca 1950:Cahokia 1920:Bastian 1827:Patayan 1749:Hohokam 1734:Fremont 1709:Comondú 1664:Baytown 1659:Avonlea 1639:Alachua 1611:Classic 1601:Archaic 1589:Periods 1530:Related 1438:remains 901:Norwood 846:Alachua 812:Periods 233:Middens 168:pottery 157:Timucua 149:Spanish 139:Periods 117:pottery 113:Georgia 81:Florida 20:Alachua 2025:Folsom 1990:Cutler 1925:Benson 1812:Oneota 1744:Glades 1719:Folsom 1699:Clovis 1596:Lithic 1287:Pierce 1072:Cutler 881:Glades 866:Clovis 746:Oneota 481:  462:  439:  420:  401:  361:(3–4). 238:mounds 212:Potano 208:8AL100 153:Potano 103:Origin 34:Period 2556:Piasa 2364:Human 1995:Eaker 1898:sites 1832:Plano 1634:Adena 1436:Human 1302:Plaza 973:sites 555:Sites 256:Notes 229:maize 194:Sites 42:Dates 2516:Kiva 479:ISBN 460:ISBN 437:ISBN 418:ISBN 399:ISBN 143:The 107:The 67:The 2020:Eva 2634:: 359:68 357:. 353:. 231:. 163:. 135:. 1568:e 1561:t 1554:v 785:e 778:t 771:v 515:e 508:t 501:v 487:. 468:. 445:. 426:. 407:.

Index

The Alachua culture was found in Alachua County, northern Marion County and western Putnam County
Woodland
archaeological culture
Florida
Alachua County
Marion County
Putnam County
Cades Pond culture
archeologist
Georgia
pottery
Ocmulgee culture
Ocmulgee River
Suwannee Valley culture
McKeithen Weeden Island culture
precolumbian
Spanish
Potano
Timucua
Timucua language
pottery
European
Leon-Jefferson
Apalachee
Apalachee Province
hardwood hammocks
sinkholes
8AL100
Potano
Hernando de Soto

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