398:, John IV felt remorse for his father's death and one of the three indications Bryer provides is a free-standing tomb he had constructed outside of the Chrysokephalos cathedral, into which he moved his father's remains from its burial spot inside the cathedral. Due to a Turkish tradition that the tomb housed the body of a Turkish hero of the
378:, where he enlisted a galley and its crew to help him recover his position in Trebizond. On 26 April 1429, the galley and its crew landed John near Trebizond; Alexios IV marched out to meet his son, only to be murdered during the night by nobles who had been won over by John. Alexander fled Trebizond; the Venetian traveller
270:, who defeated the fleet of Trebizond and seized a local monastery, which they converted into a fortress. By 1418 he had signed a peace agreement and paid reparations to the Genoese until 1422. A new dispute arose over the emperor's obligations in 1425 and was not resolved until 1428. Relations with the
262:
by his father as early as 1395. Nevertheless, the two quarreled as
Alexios was impatient to assume supreme power; William Miller compared this to "the first three sovereigns of the House of Hanover" for whom "the heir-apparent always quarrelled with his father." When his father died in 1417, Alexios
667:
Anastasia Heidi M. Larvoll, The
Marriage of despot Djuradj/Georg Brankovic and despina Eirene Kantakouzenos, The Building of Political Alliances through Marriage between Byzantium and Serbia in the 1400s, Institute for History IAKH University of Oslo,
508:
Two further daughters have been attributed to
Alexios by later genealogists. Michel Kuršanskis has argued these marriages never really happened, and their existence is based on a misreading of an interpolation to Chalcondyles. These daughters are:
339:, Alexios IV spent much of his time in pursuit of pleasure and accomplished relatively little, although there is no evidence in contemporary sources for this claim. Following tradition, he granted his eldest son, John IV, the courtly title of
317:, the ruler of Ak Koyunlu, though Osman himself was likely the groom. Alexios' marital policy also extended to his Christian neighbours, and his eldest daughter was married to Serbian nobleman, later despot,
313:
in c.1420, and
Alexios agreed to pay his son-in-law the same amount of tribute that had previously been due to Tamerlane. Another daughter, Theodora, was possibly married to Ali, son of
406:
excavated the tomb, finding one skeleton facing face, and a second one interred afterwards. The older skeleton Bryer, following
Uspenskij's report, identified as Alexios'.
414:
343:
in 1417. Despite this, relations deteriorated between father and son, and in 1426 John murdered
Alexios' Treasurer, alleging an affair between him and the Empress
309:
or White Sheep Turks. Alexios sought to avoid hostility by marrying off daughters to his powerful Muslim neighbours. One daughter, was married to Kara Yusuf's son
116:
454:
433:. Bryer comments that "Alexios IV's is probably the only surviving skeleton of a Byzantine emperor", only to correct himself in a footnote that the remains of
344:
548:'s claim in his notes that she was the daughter of John IV proved to be false or an his error. Other historians argue instead that she was a Genoese woman.
426:
912:
425:
in Athens. Then in 1980 the remains of
Alexios IV Megas Komnenos were brought with much ceremony to a final resting place in New Soumela, near
421:, Chaldian antiquary George Kandilaptes collected as much of these bones as he could and brought them to Greece, where they were stored in the
418:
1084:
658:
B.Ferjančić, Byzantines in Serbia in the first half of the 15. century, Serbian
Academy od Sciences and Arts, Belgrade 1987-p.181
719:
A. Vasiliev, "Pero Tafur, a
Spanish Traveler of the Fifteenth Century and his Visit to Constantinople, Trebizond, and Italy",
776:
905:
410:
1089:
999:
898:
537:
422:
521:. There is not mention of this marriage in any contemporany source. It is possible that she was confused with
921:
434:
34:
964:
777:"La descendance d'Alexis IV, empereur de Trébizonde. Contribution à la prosopographie des Grands Comnènes"
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959:
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347:. He also attempted to kill his parents but the nobles intervened and prevented him, and John fled to
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encountered him in
Constantinople around October of that year, living with his sister
586:
348:
326:
267:
123:
819:
1004:
578:
495:
170:
364:, which help to shed some light on this otherwise dark period lacking in sources.
529:, son of Ali Beg. An other option was that the Alexios' Theodora married instead
403:
402:, it was spared until 1918. In 1916, during the Russian occupation of Trebizond,
937:
522:
438:
206:
409:
On the Russian withdrawal from Trebizond, the older skeleton was entrusted to
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590:
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417:; the tomb outside the Chrysokephalos was destroyed by the Turks. During the
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336:
290:
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Maistor: Classical, Byzantine and Renaissance Studies for Robert Browning
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Due to John's disloyalty and usurpation, Alexios IV made his younger son
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When Alexios IV's wife Theodora died in 1426, he was so distraught that
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469:
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494:. Co-Emperor with his father. Married Maria Gattilusio, a daughter of
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258:
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Alexios IV had been associated in authority and given the title of
571:
Foundations: The Journal of the Foundation for Mediaeval Genealogy
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302:
294:
165:
605:
Trebizond: The last Greek Empire of the Byzantine Era: 1204-1461
618:
The History of Greece and the Empire of Trebizond, (1204–1461)
544:. She was proposed as the daughter of Alexios when Ambassador
240:
from 5 March 1417 to 26 April 1429. He was the son of Emperor
541:
375:
278:
298:
820:"A listing of the Megas Komnenos line, including Alexios"
374:. Eventually John left Georgia for the Genoese colony at
736:
Bryer, "'The faithless Kabazitai and Scholarioi'", in
766:
Bryer, "'The faithless Kabazitai'", p. 326 and n. 58
461:
Elena of Trebizond (c.1395 - 1410) - married despot
263:was accused by some of having expedited his death.
220:
809:Vougiouklaki Penelope, "Alexios IV Grand Komnenos"
796:Kuršanskis, "La descendance d'Alexis IV", pp. 244f
28:Emperor and Autocrat of all the East and Perateia
16:Emperor and Autocrat of all the East and Perateia
1066:
567:"A Genealogy of the Grand Komnenoi of Trebizond"
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813:Encyclopedia of the Hellenic World: Asia Minor
906:
359:
620:(Edinburgh: William Blackwood, 1851), p. 393
689:
687:
641:
639:
293:or "Black Sheep" Turks, devastated much of
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757:Bryer, "'The faithless Kabazitai'", p. 325
441:, and the thirteenth-century Dukai of the
920:
684:
636:
513:Theodora of Trebizond, presumed wife of
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607:, 1926 (Chicago: Argonaut, 1969), p. 73
536:Eudoksia Valenza of Trebizond, wife of
1067:
266:Alexios inherited a conflict with the
894:
13:
1085:15th-century emperors of Trebizond
525:, daughter of John IV and wife of
457:. They had at least six children:
14:
1101:
817:
802:
565:Jackson Williams, Kelsey (2007).
321:. Alexios IV's youngest daughter
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423:Byzantine and Christian Museum
1:
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358:wrote him no less than three
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105:
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465:of Serbia, as his first wife
419:1923 Exchange of Populations
48:5 March 1417 – 26 April 1429
7:
781:Revue des études byzantines
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10:
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484:(c. 1404 - 1439). Married
246:Gulkhan-Eudokia of Georgia
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453:In 1395, Alexios married
415:Metropolitan of Trebizond
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305:and the chieftain of the
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181:Manuel III Megas Komnenos
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22:Alexios IV Megas Komnenos
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145:Alexander Megas Komnenos
468:A daughter who married
411:Chrysanthos Philippides
400:last siege of Trebizond
325:was married off to the
274:were generally better.
1090:Grand Komnenos dynasty
742:Byzantina Australiensa
492:Alexander of Trebizond
369:Alexander of Trebizond
360:
285:descended into chaos.
222:Alexios Megas Komnēnos
211:Αλέξιος Μέγας Κομνηνός
137:John IV Megas Komnenos
922:Emperors of Trebizond
740:, Ann Moffatt editor
486:John VIII Palaiologos
455:Theodora Kantakouzene
449:Marriage and children
345:Theodora Kantakouzene
330:John VIII Palaiologos
117:Theodora Kantakouzene
873:Emperor of Trebizond
476:John IV of Trebizond
445:might also survive.
149:David Megas Komnenos
130:A daughter (wife of
104:26 April 1429 (aged
775:Michel Kuršanskis,
443:Despotate of Epirus
277:After the death of
141:Maria Megas Komnene
128:Elena Megas Komnene
502:David of Trebizond
482:Maria of Trebizond
323:Maria of Trebizond
272:Republic of Venice
191:Eudokia of Georgia
1062:
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889:
888:
880:Succeeded by
818:Marek, Miroslav.
679:History of Greece
504:(c. 1408 - 1463).
478:(c. 1403 - 1459).
327:Byzantine Emperor
319:Djuradj Branković
297:and defeated the
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157:Eudoksia Valenza
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27:
1080:1429 deaths
1075:1382 births
1020:Alexios III
527:Uzun Hassan
435:St Theodora
230: 1379
53:Predecessor
1069:Categories
1030:Alexios IV
1025:Manuel III
980:Alexios II
877:1417–1429
866:Manuel III
583:10023/8570
577:(3): 181.
553:References
540:, Lord of
519:Ak Koyunlu
470:Jahan Shah
380:Pero Tafur
311:Jihan Shah
307:Ak Koyunlu
287:Kara Yusuf
283:Asia Minor
281:, most of
242:Manuel III
203:Alexius IV
132:Jahan Shah
74:Co-emperor
57:Manuel III
1049:Alexios V
1041:Alexander
990:Manuel II
933:Alexios I
721:Byzantion
708:Trebizond
695:Trebizond
647:Trebizond
631:Trebizond
591:1479-5078
531:Osman Beg
356:Bessarion
332:in 1427.
279:Tamerlane
238:Trebizond
232:– 1429),
216:romanized
79:Alexander
63:Successor
39:Trebizond
1010:John III
975:Theodora
955:Manuel I
836:Komnenid
706:Miller,
693:Miller,
681:, p. 398
677:Finlay,
645:Miller,
629:Miller,
427:Kastania
372:despotes
361:monodias
341:despotes
259:despotes
171:Komnenos
159:disputed
154:disputed
152:Teodora
1035:John IV
1015:Michael
970:John II
883:John IV
838:dynasty
710:, p. 82
697:, p. 81
649:, p. 80
633:, p. 79
517:of the
515:Ali Beg
431:Imathia
413:, then
349:Georgia
303:Arsinga
295:Armenia
268:Genoese
234:Emperor
218::
166:Dynasty
67:John IV
35:Emperor
965:George
950:John I
848:
589:
390:Burial
187:Mother
177:Father
113:Spouse
81:(1429)
1054:David
1000:Irene
995:Basil
938:David
850:Died:
843:Born:
542:Syros
384:Maria
376:Caffa
252:Reign
207:Greek
124:Issue
45:Reign
1038:(w.
1005:Anna
935:(w.
852:1429
845:1382
587:ISSN
299:Emir
244:and
101:Died
96:1379
90:Born
579:hdl
429:in
301:of
236:of
201:or
108:50)
37:of
1071::
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785:37
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779:,
744:,
723:,
686:^
638:^
585:.
573:.
569:.
437:,
386:.
351:.
248:.
227:c.
225:;
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941:)
914:e
907:t
900:v
746:5
725:7
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488:.
472:.
205:(
134:)
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