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to shallower waters at night. It is most commonly found 200–400 m (660–1,310 ft) deep in waters around 24 °C (75 °F) in temperature, however depth range varies by region. In the eastern
Atlantic its depth range is 350–600 m (1,150–1,970 ft), while in the western Atlantic
582:
habitat where they will live as adults. After 4 years, they reach sexual maturity, at which point they will be about 30 cm (12 in) in size, with females being slightly larger on average than males. Individuals grow slowly, as is common among members of
Berycidae. Although their maximum age
569:
in size, identifiable by pigment near the brain. Flexion, when the larva bends upwards prior to development of the caudal fin, occurs at 3.7–6.0 mm (0.15–0.24 in) SL. Fin rays and scales are fully formed by 15 mm (0.59 in) SL. They are distinguished by elongated pelvic rays and
360:
is deeply forked. Its bright red color is a common adaptation to deepwater surroundings, where red is filtered out of the light spectrum. Although the most common size is 35.0 cm (13.8 in), it can reach lengths of up to 100.0 cm (39.4 in)
560:
Spawning occurs in the summer months, June through
September, though males can reproduce year-round. Alfonsinos are batch spawners, that is they release eggs multiple times over an extended spawning season rather in a short period. Eggs and larvae are
647:(IUCN) because its extensive distribution protects it from danger of extinction and in parts of its range it is not a targeted species. It could also be threatened by habitat loss due to deep-water trawling causing damage to deep-sea corals.
449:
its depth range is 100–972 m (328–3,189 ft), common depth range 400–600 m (1,300–2,000 ft). Its depth range is largest in the Indo-Pacific, where it is found as deep as 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in the waters off of
276:, it is remarkably long-lived, with individuals reaching ages of up to 69 years, and possibly longer. It can reach sizes of up to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length and 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) in weight and is targeted by
623:
of fisheries targeting the splendid alfonsino, though capture data likely does not distinguish between the two. This has led to concerns that stocks may be more depleted than previously thought. Of all
639:
Despite being widespread throughout its range, the alfonsino is an uncommon fish in many areas, likely due to exploitation by commercial fisheries and depletion due to bycatch. It is listed as
557:, with the last being the most abundant prey in its diet. In this it is quite dissimilar from the splendid alfonsino, which appears to have a slower digestion and wider dietary breadth.
436:
With an extensive depth range 110–1,000 m (360–3,280 ft) below the surface, the alfonsino occurs in localized aggregations over deep-sea coral habitats on the
280:. Its low reproductive rate and the time it takes for juveniles to mature make it vulnerable to expanding deep-sea fisheries, but it is listed as Least Concern by the
583:
is unknown, individuals have been caught at 69 years old. Their actual maximum age is unknown, however, with estimates ranging as high as 85 years.
1192:
644:
281:
1257:
603:, including seamount fisheries, that employ deep-water trawling and longline fishing methods to catch them. It is of import to fisheries in
1347:
352:. The rest of its body is silvery-pink, and the breast is yellow-white in color. Fins and the inside of the mouth are bright red. The
365:. The maximum published weight for an alfonsino is 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). Juveniles have heavy head spines, while adults do not.
565:, staying near the ocean's surface. Eggs hatch after around 27 hours and larvae are initially 1.5–3.0 mm (0.059–0.118 in)
1166:
794:
1205:
729:
433:. It is likely more common in the western Pacific than records indicate due to lack of fishing in its depth range in the region.
1367:
1293:
1210:
725:
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of the alfonsino was authored in 1829 by
Georges Cuvier in the third volume of his 22-volume ichthyology collection,
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992:
821:
The Living Marine
Resources of the Western Central Pacific: Volume 4: Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae)
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305:
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574:, though they are very similar to the larvae of the splendid alfonsino. Juveniles live deeper, but are still
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name for a fish, but which species it was originally used for remains unknown. It is possible that
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ocean waters nearly worldwide, though it is uncommon. It is typically associated with deep-sea
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997:(Cuvier, 1829) from the Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands, based on historical data"
915:
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441:
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Iwamoto, T.; Russell, B.; Polanco
Fernandez, A.; McEachran, J.D.; Moore, J. (2015).
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362:
341:
273:
1145:
1280:
234:
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1352:
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Mundy, Bruce C. (1990). "Development of Larvae and
Juveniles of the Alfonsins,
827:. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. p. 2221.
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186:
116:
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The alfonsino has large eyes and a deep, compressed body, 1.9–2.5 times its
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species, the splendid alfonsino is the most commonly caught, but
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in the western
Atlantic, and Japan, La Reunion Island, and the
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in the eastern
Atlantic. In the Indo-Pacific it is found from
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414:
317:
249:
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by ichthyologist G. E. Maul in 1990. The etymology of its
991:
Krug, Helena; Dalila
Carvalho; Jose A. Gonzalez (2011).
887:
599:
Alfonsinos are economically important fish, targeted by
356:
is distinctly larger than in many fish species and its
545:
into shallower waters. Their primary food sources are
260:
and search for prey along the ocean floor, primarily
570:anterior dorsal spines as well as pigment near the
913:
818:Carpenter, Kent E.; Volkier H. Niem, eds. (1999).
847:
1339:
937:(3). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V.: 363–374.
890:"Age, growth, and spawning season of red bream (
854:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 805.
752:
704:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T198578A21910085.en
513:Alfonsinos hunt for prey along the ocean floor.
645:International Union for Conservation of Nature
425:. It has also been reported off the coasts of
344:at the greatest depth. It is a rose red color
282:International Union for Conservation of Nature
578:for a few months, eventually moving to their
888:Friess, Claudia; George R. Sedberry (2011).
636:catches off the southeastern United States.
619:in the Indo-Pacific. It is also captured as
368:
785:
783:
781:
779:
777:
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611:in the eastern Atlantic, the southeastern
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320:is unclear, but it likely comes from the
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730:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
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504:
444:. By day it stays in deeper water and
1053:
1052:
963:
894:) off the southeastern United States"
868:
841:
332:, or did not describe a fish at all.
252:, and schools are known to form over
1273:476195de-1ab9-430c-b4c5-5bfe6292d250
984:
957:
748:
746:
586:
373:The alfonsino is found worldwide in
1348:IUCN Red List least concern species
924:(Berycidae) off the Canary Islands"
907:
718:
690:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
521:is the far more studied species of
393:. It is found from as far north as
284:(IUCN) due to its extensive range.
13:
848:Davidson, Alan; Tom Jaine (2006).
811:
753:Gomon, Martin F.; Dianne J. Bray.
328:originally described a species of
14:
1384:
1014:
993:"Age and growth of the alfonsino
914:Dürr, J.; J. A. González (2002).
743:
1034:
1020:
73:
306:Histoire Naturelle des Poissons
533:and aggregate over deep-ocean
335:
1:
951:10.1016/s0165-7836(01)00269-7
650:
296:1880 drawing of the alfonsino
1368:Taxa named by Georges Cuvier
972:(Berycidae, Beryciformes)".
851:The Oxford companion to food
405:in the western Atlantic and
272:. Like other members of its
7:
10:
1389:
974:Bulletin of Marine Science
537:, typically near deep-sea
1061:
175:
168:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1004:Life and Marine Sciences
793:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
369:Distribution and habitat
807:. January 2017 version.
308:, who gave it the name
1363:Fish described in 1829
697:: e.T198578A21910085.
596:
514:
302:scientific description
297:
288:Taxonomy and phylogeny
594:
512:
385:range extending from
295:
240:. It can be found in
206:), also known as the
1031:at Wikimedia Commons
755:"Beryx decadactylus"
726:"Beryx decadactylus"
632:makes up 95% of all
601:commercial fisheries
310:Beryx dodecadactylus
278:commercial fisheries
161:B. decadactylus
943:2002FishR..54..363D
916:"Feeding habits of
759:Fishes of Australia
595:Alfonsinos for sale
505:Biology and ecology
446:vertically migrates
40:Conservation status
1120:Beryx_decadactylus
1107:Beryx_decadactylus
1093:Beryx decadactylus
1063:Beryx decadactylus
1042:Beryx decadactylus
1028:Beryx decadactylus
995:Beryx decadactylus
931:Fisheries Research
922:Beryx decadactylus
892:Beryx decadactylus
797:Beryx decadactylus
683:Beryx decadactylus
597:
543:migrate vertically
519:splendid alfonsino
515:
298:
203:Beryx decadactylus
179:Beryx decadactylus
1358:Cosmopolitan fish
1335:
1334:
1307:Open Tree of Life
1055:Taxon identifiers
1025:Media related to
587:Human interaction
541:. At night, they
529:. Alfonsinos are
463:La Reunion Island
442:continental slope
438:continental shelf
312:. It was renamed
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1039:Data related to
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970:B. Decadactylus
966:Beryx splendens
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630:B. decadactylus
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381:waters, with a
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342:standard length
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314:B. decadactylus
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16:Species of fish
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170:Binomial name
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762:. Retrieved
758:
733:. Retrieved
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708:. Retrieved
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629:
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559:
553:, and small
522:
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435:
411:South Africa
407:South Africa
372:
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318:generic name
313:
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238:Beryciformes
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127:Beryciformes
18:
1232:NatureServe
1180:iNaturalist
1087:Wikispecies
710:20 November
572:gas bladder
551:cephalopods
547:crustaceans
455:New Zealand
423:New Zealand
383:latitudinal
375:subtropical
348:and orange
336:Description
270:crustaceans
266:cephalopods
246:subtropical
1342:Categories
764:28 January
735:24 January
651:References
609:Mauritania
563:epipelagic
491:New Guinea
479:Seychelles
471:Madagascar
358:caudal fin
330:parrotfish
300:The first
24:Alfonsino
535:seamounts
467:Mauritius
451:Australia
427:Argentina
419:Australia
401:south to
395:Greenland
379:temperate
350:ventrally
254:seamounts
242:temperate
220:imperador
216:red bream
198:alfonsino
187:G. Cuvier
155:Species:
137:Berycidae
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1237:2.105310
1198:11165066
1154:FishBase
1072:Wikidata
804:FishBase
580:demersal
527:congener
413:east to
354:anal fin
346:dorsally
258:demersal
208:alfonsin
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1312:1068314
1172:2356613
1078:Q182807
939:Bibcode
643:by the
621:bycatch
576:pelagic
475:Comoros
399:Iceland
233:of the
228:berycid
224:species
222:, is a
189:, 1829)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
1325:126394
1299:126394
1286:185748
1270:NZOR:
1263:107241
1224:198578
1211:166155
1185:215166
858:
831:
539:corals
499:Hawaii
497:, and
493:, the
431:Hawaii
421:, and
403:Brazil
274:family
268:, and
250:corals
1353:Beryx
1320:WoRMS
1193:IRMNG
1133:30337
1000:(PDF)
927:(pdf)
897:(PDF)
825:(PDF)
634:Beryx
626:Beryx
605:Spain
523:Beryx
487:Japan
483:Korea
415:Japan
326:Beryx
322:Greek
235:order
218:, or
148:Beryx
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