Knowledge

Alkali basalt

Source 📝

20: 114: 793: 247:
Skewes, Milka Alexandra; Stern, Charles R. (1979). "Petrology and geochemistry of alkali basalts and ultramafic inclusions from the palei-aike volcanic field in Southern Chile and the origin of the patagonian plateau lavas".
175:
Phenocrysts are ubiquitous in alkali basalt and, similarly to the groundmass, are usually made up of olivine and titanium-rich augite but can also have plagioclase and
126: 1564: 203:, etc.), continental rifts and volcanic fields. Continental alkali basalt can be found in every continent, with prominent examples being the 117:
Depiction of the total alkali-silica diagram. Alkali basalts are generally located in the upper left corner of the basalt region (region B).
432:
Hughes, D. J.; Brown, G. C. (1972). "Basalts from Madeira: A petrochemical contribution to the genesis of oceanic alkali rock series".
829: 560: 535: 416: 315: 606: 361:
Irvine, T. N.; Baragar, W. R. A. (1971). "A Guide to the Chemical Classification of the Common Volcanic Rocks".
504: 345: 125:
that contains nepheline in its CIPW norm. Basalts that do not contain normative nepheline are characterized as
697: 134: 399:
Le Maitre, R. W.; Streckeisen, A.; Zanettin, B.; Le Bas, M. J.; Bonin, B.; Bateman, P., eds. (2002).
1838: 212: 24: 894: 862: 822: 692: 130: 187:
Alkali basalt can be found in areas associated with volcanic activity, such as oceanic islands (
1314: 219: 408: 1279: 483:
Baker, Ian (1969). "Petrology of the Volcanic Rocks of Saint Helena Island, South Atlantic".
400: 599: 492: 441: 370: 257: 102: 8: 640: 58: 496: 445: 374: 261: 145:
The groundmass of alkali basalt is mainly composed of olivine, titanium-rich augite and
19: 1110: 815: 465: 122: 1070: 556: 531: 508: 469: 457: 412: 401: 341: 311: 269: 208: 113: 1762: 1474: 1261: 1130: 500: 449: 378: 265: 200: 1833: 1574: 1334: 1187: 661: 635: 592: 204: 161: 153: 54: 1767: 1609: 1202: 1125: 887: 797: 722: 671: 62: 666: 1827: 1812: 1727: 1692: 1539: 1105: 1010: 512: 461: 121:
Alkali basalt is chemically classified as a rock in region B (basalt) of the
46: 283: 1737: 1717: 1589: 1236: 1214: 1155: 1060: 1005: 990: 844: 773: 707: 645: 630: 196: 157: 1626: 1517: 1497: 1487: 1414: 1364: 1289: 1135: 1075: 1045: 1000: 958: 931: 926: 916: 867: 748: 165: 146: 43: 579: 553:
Robotic Exploration of the Solar System Part I: The Golden Age 1957-1982
1792: 1777: 1752: 1747: 1657: 1642: 1559: 1527: 1492: 1482: 1464: 1444: 1389: 1369: 1324: 1246: 1231: 1207: 1167: 1140: 1120: 1095: 1055: 1030: 1020: 1015: 995: 904: 453: 176: 94: 90: 792: 1807: 1797: 1787: 1772: 1742: 1722: 1707: 1702: 1667: 1662: 1621: 1614: 1579: 1549: 1534: 1512: 1454: 1434: 1429: 1419: 1404: 1384: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1339: 1329: 1304: 1269: 1182: 1150: 1100: 1090: 1065: 1040: 1035: 975: 936: 899: 778: 758: 753: 717: 98: 28: 382: 340:. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. pp. 148, 182. 1782: 1757: 1682: 1652: 1647: 1569: 1554: 1522: 1502: 1399: 1374: 1251: 1226: 1219: 1197: 1192: 1145: 1085: 970: 921: 911: 857: 763: 743: 712: 676: 584: 223: 149: 398: 1802: 1732: 1697: 1672: 1604: 1439: 1379: 1319: 1284: 1177: 1025: 985: 953: 948: 852: 807: 738: 192: 82: 50: 1712: 1687: 1584: 1544: 1507: 1409: 1274: 1172: 1162: 1115: 1080: 1050: 980: 965: 943: 877: 872: 768: 616: 188: 169: 86: 78: 66: 49:
usually found in oceanic and continental areas associated with
1677: 1599: 1594: 1459: 1424: 1344: 1299: 1294: 227: 1449: 1394: 1309: 1241: 505:
10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[1283:POTVRO]2.0.CO;2
403:
Igneous Rocks: A Classification and Glossary of Terms
338:
An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
65:. Alkali basalt is characterized by relatively high 23:Alkali basalt is one of the rocks comprising the 1825: 108: 284:"Basalt | Definition, Properties, & Facts" 250:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 823: 600: 360: 550: 530:. Gulf Professional Publishing. p. 97. 431: 246: 830: 816: 607: 593: 526:Farmer, G.L. (2005). Rudnick, R.L. (ed.). 434:Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 544: 123:total alkali versus silica (TAS) diagram 112: 18: 551:Ulivi, Paolo; Harland, David M (2007). 407:. Cambridge University Press. pp.  1826: 525: 335: 305: 811: 588: 482: 614: 394: 392: 331: 329: 327: 301: 299: 297: 230:suggest it landed on alkali basalt. 528:Treatise on Geochemistry: The crust 182: 13: 837: 363:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 14: 1850: 573: 389: 324: 308:Platinum-Nickel-Chromium Deposits 294: 791: 160:interstitially, but is poor in 555:. Springer. pp. 159–160. 519: 476: 425: 354: 276: 240: 140: 1: 233: 77:O) content relative to other 336:Winter, John DuNann (2001). 270:10.1016/0377-0273(79)90044-1 109:Geochemical characterization 7: 624:Basalts by tectonic setting 580:Alkali basalt on Mindat.org 10: 1855: 1635: 1473: 1260: 843: 787: 731: 685: 654: 623: 655:Basalts by form and flow 310:. Elsevier. p. 45. 213:Pali-Aike volcanic field 25:Pali-Aike volcanic field 895:Basaltic trachyandesite 863:Alkali feldspar granite 288:Encyclopedia Britannica 81:and by the presence of 636:Mid-ocean ridge basalt 306:Haldar, S. K. (2017). 220:gamma ray spectrometer 179:with lower frequency. 118: 32: 1280:Banded iron formation 218:The results from the 135:calc-alkaline basalts 116: 40:alkali olivine basalt 22: 16:Type of volcanic rock 698:Calc-alkaline basalt 686:Basalts by chemistry 646:Volcanic arc basalt 641:Ocean island basalt 497:1969GSAB...80.1283B 446:1972CoMP...37...91H 375:1971CaJES...8..523I 262:1979JVGR....6....3S 42:is a dark-colored, 1636:Specific varieties 798:Geology portal 732:Important minerals 454:10.1007/BF00371069 164:minerals, such as 131:tholeiitic basalts 127:sub-alkali basalts 119: 85:and titanium-rich 53:activity, such as 33: 1821: 1820: 1071:Nepheline syenite 805: 804: 693:Tholeiitic basalt 209:East African Rift 59:continental rifts 1846: 1763:Rapakivi granite 1475:Metamorphic rock 1262:Sedimentary rock 1131:Quartz monzonite 832: 825: 818: 809: 808: 796: 795: 609: 602: 595: 586: 585: 567: 566: 548: 542: 541: 523: 517: 516: 491:(7): 1283–1310. 480: 474: 473: 429: 423: 422: 406: 396: 387: 386: 358: 352: 351: 333: 322: 321: 303: 292: 291: 280: 274: 273: 244: 183:Geologic context 129:, which include 1854: 1853: 1849: 1848: 1847: 1845: 1844: 1843: 1839:Aphanitic rocks 1824: 1823: 1822: 1817: 1631: 1575:Pseudotachylite 1469: 1256: 1188:Tephriphonolite 839: 836: 806: 801: 790: 783: 727: 681: 662:Columnar basalt 650: 619: 613: 576: 571: 570: 563: 549: 545: 538: 524: 520: 481: 477: 430: 426: 419: 397: 390: 383:10.1139/e71-055 359: 355: 348: 334: 325: 318: 304: 295: 282: 281: 277: 245: 241: 236: 205:Rio Grande Rift 185: 154:alkali feldspar 143: 111: 76: 72: 63:volcanic fields 55:oceanic islands 17: 12: 11: 5: 1852: 1842: 1841: 1836: 1819: 1818: 1816: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1770: 1768:Rhomb porphyry 1765: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1639: 1637: 1633: 1632: 1630: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1618: 1617: 1610:Talc carbonate 1607: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1479: 1477: 1471: 1470: 1468: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1266: 1264: 1258: 1257: 1255: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1212: 1211: 1210: 1203:Trachyandesite 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1153: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1126:Quartz diorite 1123: 1118: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 993: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 963: 962: 961: 951: 946: 941: 940: 939: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 908: 907: 902: 892: 891: 890: 888:Picrite basalt 885: 875: 870: 865: 860: 855: 849: 847: 841: 840: 838:Types of rocks 835: 834: 827: 820: 812: 803: 802: 788: 785: 784: 782: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 735: 733: 729: 728: 726: 725: 723:Picrite basalt 720: 715: 710: 705: 700: 695: 689: 687: 683: 682: 680: 679: 674: 669: 664: 658: 656: 652: 651: 649: 648: 643: 638: 633: 627: 625: 621: 620: 612: 611: 604: 597: 589: 583: 582: 575: 574:External links 572: 569: 568: 561: 543: 536: 518: 475: 424: 417: 388: 369:(5): 523–548. 353: 346: 323: 316: 293: 275: 238: 237: 235: 232: 184: 181: 142: 139: 110: 107: 74: 70: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1851: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1831: 1829: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1728:Litchfieldite 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1693:Hyaloclastite 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1638: 1634: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1616: 1613: 1612: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1540:Litchfieldite 1538: 1536: 1533: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1478: 1476: 1472: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1259: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1213: 1209: 1206: 1205: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1148: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1106:Phonotephrite 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1022: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1011:Hyaloclastite 1009: 1007: 1004: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 992: 989: 987: 984: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 969: 967: 964: 960: 957: 956: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 938: 935: 934: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 906: 903: 901: 898: 897: 896: 893: 889: 886: 884: 883:Alkali basalt 881: 880: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 850: 848: 846: 842: 833: 828: 826: 821: 819: 814: 813: 810: 800: 799: 794: 786: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 736: 734: 730: 724: 721: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 703:Alkali basalt 701: 699: 696: 694: 691: 690: 688: 684: 678: 677:Pahoehoe lava 675: 673: 670: 668: 667:Pillow basalt 665: 663: 660: 659: 657: 653: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 628: 626: 622: 618: 610: 605: 603: 598: 596: 591: 590: 587: 581: 578: 577: 564: 562:9780387493268 558: 554: 547: 539: 537:9780080448473 533: 529: 522: 514: 510: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 479: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 440:(2): 91–109. 439: 435: 428: 420: 418:9780521662154 414: 410: 405: 404: 395: 393: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 357: 349: 343: 339: 332: 330: 328: 319: 317:9780128020418 313: 309: 302: 300: 298: 289: 285: 279: 271: 267: 263: 259: 256:(1–2): 3–25. 255: 251: 243: 239: 231: 229: 225: 221: 216: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 180: 178: 173: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 152:and may have 151: 148: 138: 136: 132: 128: 124: 115: 106: 104: 100: 96: 92: 88: 84: 80: 68: 64: 60: 56: 52: 48: 47:volcanic rock 45: 41: 37: 36:Alkali basalt 30: 26: 21: 1738:Luxullianite 1718:Lapis lazuli 1663:Blue Granite 1590:Serpentinite 1565:Metapsammite 1315:Conglomerate 1237:Trondhjemite 1215:Trachybasalt 1156:Pantellerite 1061:Monzogranite 1006:Hornblendite 991:Granodiorite 882: 845:Igneous rock 789: 774:Cristobalite 708:Trachybasalt 702: 631:Flood basalt 552: 546: 527: 521: 488: 485:GSA Bulletin 484: 478: 437: 433: 427: 402: 366: 362: 356: 337: 307: 287: 278: 253: 249: 242: 217: 197:Saint Helena 186: 174: 158:feldspathoid 144: 120: 39: 35: 34: 1627:Whiteschist 1518:Greenschist 1498:Cataclasite 1488:Amphibolite 1415:Phosphorite 1365:Itacolumite 1290:Calcarenite 1136:Quartzolite 1076:Nephelinite 1046:Lamprophyre 1001:Harzburgite 959:Napoleonite 932:Charnockite 927:Carbonatite 917:Blairmorite 868:Anorthosite 749:Plagioclase 207:(USA), the 177:iron oxides 166:hypersthene 147:plagioclase 141:Petrography 95:phenocrysts 44:porphyritic 1828:Categories 1793:Teschenite 1778:Shonkinite 1753:Pietersite 1748:Novaculite 1658:Borolanite 1643:Adamellite 1560:Metapelite 1528:Calcflinta 1493:Blueschist 1483:Anthracite 1465:Wackestone 1445:Travertine 1390:Lumachelle 1370:Jaspillite 1325:Diamictite 1247:Websterite 1232:Troctolite 1208:Benmoreite 1168:Shonkinite 1141:Rhyodacite 1121:Pyroxenite 1096:Peridotite 1056:Lherzolite 1031:Kimberlite 1021:Ignimbrite 1016:Icelandite 996:Granophyre 905:Shoshonite 347:0132403420 234:References 91:groundmass 1808:Variolite 1798:Theralite 1788:Tachylite 1773:Rodingite 1743:Mangerite 1723:Larvikite 1708:Jasperoid 1703:Jadeitite 1668:Epidosite 1622:Tectonite 1615:Soapstone 1580:Quartzite 1550:Migmatite 1535:Itabirite 1513:Granulite 1455:Turbidite 1435:Sylvinite 1430:Siltstone 1420:Sandstone 1405:Oil shale 1385:Limestone 1360:Gritstone 1355:Greywacke 1350:Geyserite 1340:Evaporite 1330:Diatomite 1305:Claystone 1270:Argillite 1183:Tachylyte 1151:Comendite 1101:Phonolite 1091:Pegmatite 1066:Monzonite 1041:Lamproite 1036:Komatiite 976:Foidolite 937:Enderbite 900:Mugearite 779:Tridymite 759:Magnetite 754:Amphibole 718:Mugearite 615:Types of 513:0016-7606 470:140549581 462:1432-0967 201:Ascension 103:CIPW norm 99:nepheline 29:Argentina 1783:Taconite 1758:Pyrolite 1683:Ganister 1653:Aphanite 1648:Appinite 1570:Phyllite 1555:Mylonite 1523:Hornfels 1503:Eclogite 1400:Mudstone 1375:Laterite 1335:Dolomite 1252:Wehrlite 1227:Trachyte 1220:Hawaiite 1198:Tonalite 1193:Tephrite 1146:Rhyolite 1111:Porphyry 1086:Obsidian 971:Essexite 922:Boninite 912:Basanite 858:Andesite 764:Ilmenite 744:Pyroxene 713:Hawaiite 224:Venera 8 211:and the 150:feldspar 51:volcanic 1803:Unakite 1733:Llanite 1698:Ijolite 1673:Felsite 1605:Suevite 1440:Tillite 1380:Lignite 1320:Coquina 1285:Breccia 1178:Syenite 1026:Ijolite 986:Granite 954:Diorite 949:Diabase 853:Adakite 739:Olivine 672:Aa lava 617:basalts 493:Bibcode 442:Bibcode 371:Bibcode 258:Bibcode 193:Madeira 101:in its 89:in its 83:olivine 79:basalts 73:O and K 1834:Basalt 1713:Kenyte 1688:Gossan 1585:Schist 1545:Marble 1508:Gneiss 1410:Oolite 1275:Arkose 1173:Sovite 1163:Scoria 1116:Pumice 1081:Norite 1051:Latite 981:Gabbro 966:Dunite 944:Dacite 878:Basalt 873:Aplite 769:Quartz 559:  534:  511:  468:  460:  415:  344:  314:  189:Hawaii 170:quartz 162:silica 97:, and 87:augite 67:alkali 1678:Flint 1600:Slate 1595:Skarn 1460:Varve 1425:Shale 1345:Flint 1300:Chert 1295:Chalk 466:S2CID 411:–37. 228:Venus 27:, in 1450:Tufa 1395:Marl 1310:Coal 1242:Tuff 557:ISBN 532:ISBN 509:ISSN 458:ISSN 413:ISBN 342:ISBN 312:ISBN 168:and 133:and 93:and 61:and 1813:Wad 501:doi 450:doi 379:doi 266:doi 226:on 222:on 156:or 105:. 69:(Na 38:or 1830:: 507:. 499:. 489:80 487:. 464:. 456:. 448:. 438:37 436:. 409:36 391:^ 377:. 365:. 326:^ 296:^ 286:. 264:. 252:. 215:. 199:, 195:, 191:, 172:. 137:. 57:, 831:e 824:t 817:v 608:e 601:t 594:v 565:. 540:. 515:. 503:: 495:: 472:. 452:: 444:: 421:. 385:. 381:: 373:: 367:8 350:. 320:. 290:. 272:. 268:: 260:: 254:6 75:2 71:2 31:.

Index


Pali-Aike volcanic field
Argentina
porphyritic
volcanic rock
volcanic
oceanic islands
continental rifts
volcanic fields
alkali
basalts
olivine
augite
groundmass
phenocrysts
nepheline
CIPW norm

total alkali versus silica (TAS) diagram
sub-alkali basalts
tholeiitic basalts
calc-alkaline basalts
plagioclase
feldspar
alkali feldspar
feldspathoid
silica
hypersthene
quartz
iron oxides

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.