572:
374:
349:
1056:, dated 11 May 1948. He expressed the view that "The Arab and Jewish communities will be legally entitled on May 15, 1948 (the date of expiry of the British Mandate) to proclaim states and organize governments in the areas of Palestine occupied by the respective communities." Gross also said "the law of nations recognizes an inherent right of people lacking the agencies and institutions of social and political control to organize a state and operate a government."
1399:
1385:
1371:
45:
1165:
1178:
Egyptian administration, though Egypt never made any claim to or annexed any
Palestinian territory. Egypt did not offer the Gazan Palestinians citizenship. Palestinians living in the Gaza Strip and Egypt were issued All-Palestine passports, and were not permitted to move freely into Egypt. However,
1087:
claimed jurisdiction over the whole former
British Mandate of Palestine at no time did its effective jurisdiction extend beyond the Gaza Strip, with the West Bank annexed by Jordan and Israel holding the rest. The All-Palestine Protectorate relied entirely on the Egyptian government for funding and
1022:
With further resolution of the Arab League to put the Gaza Strip under the official protectorate of Egypt in 1952, the All-Palestine
Government was gradually stripped of authority. In 1953, the government was nominally dissolved, though the Palestinian Prime Minister Hilmi continued to attend Arab
517:
Egyptian administration, though Egypt never made any claim to or annexed any
Palestinian territory. Egypt did not offer the Gazan Palestinians citizenship. Palestinians living in the Gaza Strip and Egypt were issued All-Palestine passports, and those living in the Gaza Strip were not permitted to
496:
There are differences of opinion as to whether the All-Palestine
Protectorate was a puppet or faƧade of the Egyptian occupation, with negligible independent funding or influence, or whether it was a genuine attempt to establish an independent Palestinian state. Though the All-Palestine Government
961:
supervised the government of
Palestine in Gaza as a trustee on behalf of the Arab League. An Egyptian Ministerial order dated 1 June 1948 declared that all laws in force during the Mandate would continue to be in force in the Gaza Strip. Another order issued on 8 August 1948 vested an Egyptian
1013:
The All-Palestine
Government was entirely relocated to Cairo in late October 1948 and became a government-in-exile, gradually losing any importance. Having a part in the All-Palestine Government, President al-Husseini also remained in exile at Heliopolis in Egypt throughout much of the 1950s.
1082:
There are differences of opinion as to whether the All-Palestine
Protectorate was a mere puppet or faƧade of the Egyptian occupation, with negligible independent funding or influence, or whether it was a genuine attempt to establish an independent Palestinian state. Though the
1067:, the Palestinian Arab community had no government, and no administrative or unified military structure. It relied on the objective declared by the Arab League on 12 April 1948, and the expectation that the Arab armies would prevail over the
468:
to put the Gaza Strip under the official protection of Egypt in 1952, the All-Palestine
Government was gradually stripped of its authority. In 1953, the government was nominally dissolved, though the Palestinian Prime Minister, Hilmi
1589:
1074:
When it appeared that the Arab forces would not defeat the
Israeli forces (and with King Abdullah I of Transjordan taking steps to annex the West Bank), fresh political measures were taken in the form of resurrecting the
1317:
The Gaza Strip was the only area of the former British Mandate territory that was under the nominal control of the All-Palestine Government. The rest of the British Mandate territory became either part of Israel or the
1179:
these passports were only recognized by six Arab countries. The passports ceased to be issued when the All-Palestine Government was dissolved, though some countries continued to recognize them for some time.
1089:
1499:
1726:
1059:
Though this is a generally accepted principle of international law, Gross' opinion was only internal US government advice. In any event, the British Mandate did expire on 15 May 1948. Other than the
1104:
and gradually fell apart because of its impotence, four years later becoming a department of the Arab League. The protectorate finally dissolved in 1959 by decree of Nasser.
994:. In December 1948, just three months after the declaration, the All-Palestine Government was relocated to Cairo and was never allowed to return to Gaza, making it a
1475:
490:
367:
1793:
1495:
1788:
1117:
Egypt, which manipulated its formation, recognized All-Palestine on 12 October, followed by Syria and Lebanon on 13 October, Saudi Arabia the 14th and
1125:'s decision to the same was made formally on the 12th, but was not made public. Both Great Britain and the US backed Jordan, the US saying that the
1544:
1218:, its effective jurisdiction was limited to the All-Palestine Protectorate (Gaza Strip). The Prime Minister of the Gaza-seated administration was
1267:. The Council passed a series of resolutions culminating on 1 October 1948 with a declaration of independence over the whole of Palestine, with
1005:, which fixed the boundaries of the Gaza Strip. The All-Palestine Government was not a party to the Agreement nor involved in its negotiation.
934:
1768:
1352:
1241:
with the declared aim of liberating Palestine. The government was dissolved by Egypt in 1953, retaining only the Prime Minister office.
1144:, "King of Arab Palestine". The Congress called for the union of Arab Palestine and Transjordan and Abdullah announced his intention to
1813:
1480:
The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and Military History: A Political, Social, and Military History
1803:
66:
551:
1808:
1700:
1412:
1356:
1345:
1319:
1038:
861:
856:
502:
1798:
1233:
The new government had no administration, no civil service, no money, and no real army of its own. It formally adopted the
1355:
that could pass laws which were given to the High Administrator-General for approval. In 1962, elections were held in the
505:
and Israel holding the rest. The All-Palestine Protectorate relied entirely on the Egyptian government for funding and on
1758:
646:
44:
1658:
1763:
927:
1743:
1639:
1529:
866:
1306:
571:
1256:
1250:
1118:
896:
1052:, a senior U.S. State Department legal adviser, authored a memorandum for the United States government titled
1773:
920:
770:
1721:
881:
876:
456:. In December 1948, just three months after the declaration, the All-Palestine Government was relocated to
1305:
militias. The militias often engaged in armed attacks on Israeli border areas in what became known as the
1778:
1655:, Kluwer Law International, 1997, pages 77ā78; and Historical Overview, A. F. & R. Shehadeh Law Firm
1298:
762:
650:
1541:
982:, and the All-Palestine Government was formed. The Prime Minister of the Gaza-seated administration was
1207:
1002:
975:
953:
709:
538:
of Jordan that the establishment of a Palestinian government meant acceptance of the partition plan.
429:
243:
54:
1688:
1210:
to govern the All-Palestine protectorate. It was soon recognized by all Arab League members except
1199:
1193:
1084:
1076:
582:
444:, and the All-Palestine Government was formed. The President of the Gaza-seated administration was
437:
187:
1783:
1234:
727:
206:
1079:. By the end of the war, however, the Arab Higher Committee had become politically irrelevant.
1482:
1227:
1223:
1060:
991:
987:
701:
676:
595:
518:
move freely into Egypt. However, these passports were only recognized by six Arab countries.
449:
445:
149:
1335:
1302:
1284:
1137:
1126:
1093:
1028:
891:
806:
747:
640:
560:
535:
510:
480:
1271:
as its capital. The council served the legislative arm of the All-Palestine Protectorate.
513:
in the Gaza Strip. During most of its existence, the All-Palestine Protectorate was under
8:
1215:
1101:
995:
841:
735:
671:
498:
461:
354:
473:, continued to attend Arab League meetings on its behalf. In 1959, the protectorate was
1294:
1133:
1071:. As the war progressed, however, the ineffectiveness of the Committee became obvious.
887:
776:
743:
705:
128:
1214:. Though jurisdiction of the Government was declared to cover the whole of the former
1739:
1696:
1635:
1525:
1471:
1219:
983:
821:
801:
796:
791:
713:
681:
453:
1404:
971:
958:
816:
739:
731:
723:
654:
590:
501:, at no time did its effective jurisdiction extend beyond the Gaza Strip, with the
425:
176:
74:
1682:
1662:
1548:
1453:
1264:
1122:
1049:
811:
719:
1164:
904:
784:
308:
1752:
1678:
1656:
1652:
1290:
1280:
1238:
1153:
780:
320:
1731:
1390:
1376:
433:
417:
142:
70:
970:
The protectorate was established in the Gaza enclave area captured by the
1600:
1203:
1064:
666:
527:
465:
280:
256:
138:
1716:
1172:
During most of its existence, the All-Palestine Protectorate was under
1145:
605:
497:
claimed jurisdiction over the entire territories of the former British
421:
392:
50:
1590:
See Jericho Declaration, Palestine Post, December 14, 1948, Front page
1297:". The Army, however, never actually recovered from the defeat of the
1719:(1990). "The rise and fall of the All-Palestine Government in Gaza."
1268:
1149:
979:
900:
661:
635:
441:
95:
88:
1634:, Vol 4, by Anis F. Kassim, Kluwer Law International (1 June 1988),
1263:. was convened in Gaza on 1 October 1948, under the chairmanship of
1340:
1237:
that had been used by Arab nationalists since 1917 and revived the
1174:
1033:
600:
485:
315:
220:
115:
101:
420:
with limited recognition, corresponding to the area of the modern
1129:'s role in World War II could be neither forgotten nor pardoned.
610:
475:
1322:(a move that was not recognized internationally, except by UK).
962:
Administrator-General with the powers of the High Commissioner.
1692:
1211:
1168:
1948 ā Palestinian Passport number 1 ā All Palestine Government
1141:
1068:
871:
630:
1097:
1096:
in the Gaza Strip. The All-Palestine Government relocated to
1023:
League meetings on its behalf. In 1959, the protectorate was
846:
506:
470:
457:
109:
78:
1564:, volume 5, part 2, p 964 and is cited by Stefan Talmon, in
269:ā¢ Government dissolved (except Prime Minister's post)
1738:(pp. 79ā103). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1359:
and 22 Palestinian members were elected into the council.
1524:, ed. Sanford R. Siverburg, McFarland and Company, 2002,
1730:
Shlaim, Avi (2001). "Israel and the Arab Coalition." In
1496:"Why Was 'Independent Palestine' Never Created in 1948?"
440:. The Protectorate was declared on 22 September 1948 in
368:
Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Arab Republic
1620:
Why Was 'Independent Palestine' Never Created in 1948?
1054:
Recognition of New States and Governments in Palestine
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
978:. All-Palestine was declared on 22 September 1948 in
460:
and was never allowed to return to Gaza, making it a
1366:
1003:
Israel-Egypt Armistice Agreement of 24 February 1949
424:, that was established in the area captured by the
1456:. The Moshe Dayan Center – via Google Books.
1438:
534:was coined to forestall any possible criticism by
1632:Palestine Yearbook of International Law 1987-1988
1750:
259:places Gaza Strip under official aegis of Egypt
1566:Recognition of Governments in International Law
1794:States and territories disestablished in 1959
1351:In 1957, the Basic Law of Gaza established a
1001:The ArabāIsraeli War came to an end with the
928:
1325:
28:
1562:Foreign Relations of the United States 1948
1789:States and territories established in 1948
1614:
1612:
1182:
1063:, which was re-established in 1945 by the
1017:
935:
921:
43:
1594:
1289:The All-Palestine Government revived the
1645:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1163:
1677:
1609:
1577:
1493:
1433:The A to Z of the Arab-Israeli Conflict
16:1948ā1959 Egyptian client state in Gaza
1751:
1651:"From Occupation to Interim Accords",
1625:
1498:. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
1568:(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998), p 36
1551:UN Doc S/1264/Corr.1 23 February 1949
1460:
1413:Jordanian annexation of the West Bank
1293:with the declared aim of "liberating
1451:
1107:
1454:"Middle East Record Volume 1, 1960"
1452:Oron, Yitzhak (September 7, 1960).
1244:
464:. With a further resolution of the
29:
13:
1710:
1684:Une mission sacrƩe de civilisation
1261:Palestinian National Council (PNC)
14:
1825:
1691:(in French). Vol. 3. Paris:
1346:military occupation area of Egypt
1320:West Bank, annexed by Transjordan
1039:military occupation area of Egypt
491:military occupation area of Egypt
1542:Egypt Israel Armistice Agreement
1397:
1383:
1369:
1301:and was in fact a collection of
1206:on 22 September 1948 during the
1100:in late 1948, where it became a
570:
503:West Bank annexed by Transjordan
372:
347:
1814:1959 disestablishments in Egypt
1769:History of Egypt (1900āpresent)
1522:Palestine and International Law
1502:from the original on 2013-06-06
1307:Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency
1044:
452:, while the Prime Minister was
1804:1959 disestablishments in Asia
1583:
1571:
1554:
1535:
1514:
1487:
1425:
1330:In 1959, the protectorate was
1257:All-Palestine National Council
1251:All-Palestine National Council
1112:
526:According to Israeli academic
1:
1560:The memo is contained in the
1494:Elpeleg, Zvi (1 April 1989).
1418:
1187:
1092:to relieve the plight of the
509:to relieve the plight of the
448:, the former chairman of the
1809:1948 establishments in Egypt
1722:Journal of Palestine Studies
1312:
1159:
1069:Palestinian Jewish community
1008:
965:
882:Israeli Civil Administration
7:
1799:1948 establishments in Asia
1362:
1274:
10:
1830:
1759:All-Palestine Protectorate
1671:
1278:
1248:
1191:
951:
947:
541:
402:All-Palestine Protectorate
25:All-Palestine Protectorate
1764:History of the Gaza Strip
1326:Dissolution and aftermath
1226:, former chairman of the
1156:opposed Abdullah's plan.
990:, former chairman of the
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84:
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23:
1689:La Question de Palestine
1222:, and the President was
1200:All-Palestine Government
1194:All-Palestine Government
1152:. The other Arab League
1132:Shortly thereafter, the
1085:All-Palestine Government
1077:All-Palestine Government
647:Ancient Israel and Judah
438:All-Palestine Government
432:and allowed to run as a
1734:and Avi Shlaim (eds.).
1299:1947ā1949 Palestine war
1235:Flag of the Arab Revolt
1202:was established by the
1183:Government and politics
1018:Decline and dissolution
521:
207:Ahmed Hilmi Abd al-Baqi
1476:Priscilla Mary Roberts
1357:Egyptian-occupied Gaza
1169:
986:and the President was
292:ā¢ Disestablished
77:and later Republic of
1736:The War for Palestine
1622:. MFA. 01 April 1989.
1547:May 25, 2014, at the
1228:Arab Higher Committee
1224:Hajj Amin al-Husseini
1208:1948 ArabāIsraeli War
1167:
1061:Arab Higher Committee
992:Arab Higher Committee
988:Hajj Amin al-Husseini
976:1948 ArabāIsraeli War
954:1948 ArabāIsraeli War
952:Further information:
897:Palestinian Authority
702:Hellenistic Palestine
677:Neo-Babylonian Empire
450:Arab Higher Committee
446:Hajj Amin al-Husseini
430:1948 ArabāIsraeli War
125:Common languages
1774:Former protectorates
1344:turning Gaza into a
1336:United Arab Republic
1303:Palestinian fedayeen
1285:Palestinian fedayeen
1094:Palestinian refugees
1029:United Arab Republic
892:Palestinian enclaves
877:Military Governorate
511:Palestinian refugees
489:turning Gaza into a
481:United Arab Republic
416:, was a short-lived
1580:, pp. 167ā169.
1353:Legislative Council
1216:Mandatory Palestine
1102:government in exile
996:government in exile
862:Egyptian Gaza Strip
857:Jordanian West Bank
842:Mandatory Palestine
736:Diocese of the East
672:Neo-Assyrian Empire
499:Mandatory Palestine
462:government in exile
355:Mandatory Palestine
232:ā¢ Established
67:Partial recognition
1779:Former Arab states
1661:2009-05-09 at the
1431:Kumaraswamy, P.R.
1170:
1134:Jericho Conference
1037:turning Gaza into
888:State of Palestine
728:Province of Judaea
129:Palestinian Arabic
1702:978-2-213-63358-9
1472:Spencer C. Tucker
1220:Ahmed Hilmi Pasha
1108:Foreign relations
984:Ahmed Hilmi Pasha
945:
944:
714:Hasmonean kingdom
682:Achaemenid Empire
454:Ahmed Hilmi Pasha
410:Gaza Protectorate
398:
397:
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236:22 September 1948
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30:Ł
ŲŁ
ŁŲ© Ų¹Ł
ŁŁ
ŁŁŲ³Ų·ŁŁ
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1372:
1334:merged into the
1245:National Council
1027:merged into the
972:Kingdom of Egypt
937:
930:
923:
740:Palaestina Prima
732:Syria Palaestina
724:Herodian kingdom
695:Classical period
591:Natufian culture
574:
564:
546:
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479:merged into the
426:Kingdom of Egypt
404:, also known as
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177:Amin al-Husseini
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641:Egyptian Empire
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1435:. 2009. p. 15.
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852:All-Palestine
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532:All-Palestine
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61:
56:
52:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1735:
1732:Eugene Rogan
1725:. 20: 37ā53.
1720:
1683:
1647:
1631:
1627:
1619:
1618:Elpeleg, Z.
1606:. Pp. 177ā78
1603:
1596:
1585:
1578:Laurens 2007
1573:
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1561:
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1516:
1504:. Retrieved
1489:
1479:
1432:
1427:
1391:Egypt portal
1377:1950s portal
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1048:
1045:Legal status
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1024:
1021:
1012:
1000:
969:
957:
851:
763:Islamic rule
531:
525:
514:
495:
484:
474:
434:protectorate
418:client state
413:
409:
405:
401:
399:
337:Succeeded by
336:
331:
202:ā¢ 1948
172:ā¢ 1948
143:Christianity
114:
100:
71:Client state
18:
1717:Shlaim, Avi
1212:Transjordan
1204:Arab League
1142:Transjordan
1113:Recognition
1065:Arab League
974:during the
667:Philistines
596:Pre-Pottery
561:History of
530:, the term
528:Zvi Elpeleg
466:Arab League
428:during the
332:Preceded by
281:Suez Crisis
257:Arab League
139:Sunni Islam
1753:Categories
1601:Gelber, Y.
1506:16 January
1419:References
1188:Government
905:Gaza Strip
835:Modern era
606:Ghassulian
583:Prehistory
436:under the
422:Gaza Strip
414:Gaza Strip
393:Gaza Strip
150:Government
53:after the
51:Gaza Strip
1313:Geography
1295:Palestine
1269:Jerusalem
1160:Passports
1150:West Bank
1009:1948ā1952
980:Gaza City
966:Formation
901:West Bank
748:Salutaris
710:Antigonus
662:Philistia
636:Phoenicia
563:Palestine
442:Gaza City
159:President
135:Religion
96:Gaza City
92:(claimed)
89:Jerusalem
38:1948ā1959
1681:(2007).
1659:Archived
1545:Archived
1532:, p. 11.
1500:Archived
1363:See also
1341:de facto
1338:, while
1275:Military
1175:de facto
1034:de facto
1031:, while
807:Crusader
777:Rashidun
706:Seleucus
601:Tahunian
552:a series
550:Part of
515:de facto
486:de facto
483:, while
305:Currency
221:Cold War
154:Republic
119:1949ā59)
116:de facto
102:de facto
1672:Sources
1642:, p 294
1332:de jure
1025:de jure
948:Prelude
822:Ottoman
812:Ayyubid
802:Fatimid
797:Abbasid
792:Umayyad
744:Secunda
611:Jericho
542:History
476:de jure
412:or the
279:ā¢
255:ā¢
242:ā¢
85:Capital
73:of the
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1693:Fayard
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1483:p. 464
1136:named
867:Israel
817:Mamluk
651:Israel
631:Canaan
554:on the
408:, the
192:
162:
63:Status
1146:annex
1127:mufti
1119:Yemen
1098:Cairo
1090:UNRWA
959:Egypt
847:Nakba
655:Judah
507:UNRWA
471:Pasha
458:Cairo
110:Cairo
79:Egypt
1740:ISBN
1697:ISBN
1636:ISBN
1526:ISBN
1520:See
1508:2022
1283:and
1255:The
1198:The
1148:the
1123:Iraq
522:Name
400:The
296:1959
286:1956
273:1953
263:1952
249:1949
104:1948
49:The
1140:of
1088:on
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1462:^
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