7474:
7531:
7029:
7407:
7245:
5825:
4936:
7051:
7432:
132:
5691:
7509:
103:
7521:
7075:
6535:
9405:
7550:
5842:
5210:
9533:
5644:
5340:
4924:
9422:
benefited from slavery by being in a slaveowning household, e.g., the wife and children of an owner; in 1850, there was an average of 5.55 people per household, so on average, around 8.05% of free persons lived in a slave-owning household. In the South, 33% of families owned at least one slave. According to historian Joseph
Glatthaar, the number of soldiers of the Confederacy's Army of Northern Virginia who either owned slaves or came from slave owning households is "almost one of every two 1861 recruits". In addition he notes that, "Untold numbers of enlistees rented land from, sold crops to, or worked for slaveholders. In the final tabulation, the vast majority of the volunteers of 1861 had a direct connection to slavery."
7587:
6262:
72:
6158:
233:
5356:
123:
6940:
6283:
7333:
7453:
6073:
6035:
7348:
7567:
7153:
92:
5140:
6415:
7134:
6206:
3634:
5065:
63:
6346:
5478:
8192:
5094:
6107:
5951:
5273:
6519:
7377:
5323:
4969:
6476:
5899:
5619:
28210:
9585:
3563:
5607:
6374:
7290:
7913:
6918:
31825:
28874:
28520:
5723:
31835:
5533:
152:
5569:
24491:
83:
5982:
9557:
28526:
5553:
112:
6191:
13026:"Throughout the antebellum period, married women consistently asserted their rights to own and control human property without their husband's interference, and they exercised those rights as well." "White women were not anomalies at local slave auctions, either, and no group could testify more powerfully to white women's presence at and involvement in slave auctions than the enslaved people who were there.
9571:
6065:
13085:
methods of discipline than their husbands did...White southern women conducted transactions with slave traders...and they were not meek in their bargaining...slave-owning women brought legal suits against individuals, both male and female, who jeopardized their claims to human property, and others sued them in kind. They bought and sold slaves for profit, and, on rare occasions owned slave yards.
6091:
5593:
5038:
5383:
5001:
10462:
13695:. Cuffe believed that African Americans could more easily "rise to be a people" in Africa than in the United States because of the latter's slavery, racial discrimination, and limits on black rights. Although Cuffee died in 1817, his early efforts encouraged the ACS to promote further settlements. The
13084:
When we listen to what enslaved people had to say about white women and slave mastery, we find that articulated quite clearly their belief that slave-owning women governed their slaves in the same ways that white men did, sometimes they were more effective at slave management or they used more brutal
5326:
Confederate $ 100 bill, 1862–63, showing slaves farming; there were over 125 carefully wrought etchings of laboring slaves made for currency issued by 19th-century
Southern banks and the Confederate States, images that provided reassurance that slavery "was protected both by law and by tradition." In
16299:
American slave trade; or, An
Account of the Manner in which the Slave Dealers take Free People from some of the United States of America, and carry them away, and sell them as Slaves in other of the States; and of the horrible Cruelties practiced in the carrying on of this infamous Traffic: with
9740:
The United States continued to prohibit Royal Navy ships from investigating U.S.-flagged vessels – even in instances when the U.S. flag was being used fraudulently. The
British still insisted on the right to impress (i.e. force to serve in the Royal Navy) British citizens found on
9425:
It is estimated by the transcriber Tom Blake, that holders of 200 or more slaves, constituting less than 1% of all U.S. slaveholders (fewer than 4,000 persons, one in 7,000 free persons, or 0.015% of the population) held an estimated 20–30% of all slaves (800,000 to 1,200,000 slaves). Nineteen
143:
9421:
Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529; therefore, approximately 1.45% of free persons (roughly one in 69) was a named slaveholder (393,975 named slaveholders among 27,167,529 free persons). By counting only named slaveholders, this approach does not acknowledge people who
7463:
in
Monticello, Florida, with a black man in a sack used as the counterweight; when a New York reporter visited a cotton gin in South Carolina in 1851, the managers reported that it cost an average of $ 75 a year to staff the gin with black slaves, whereas it would have cost $ 116 to use free
17863:
6079:
is a cloth that recounts a slave sale separating a mother and her daughter. The sack belonged to a nine-year-old girl Ashley and was a parting gift from her mother, Rose, after Ashley had been sold. Rose filled the sack with a dress, braid of her hair, pecans, and "my love always".
15129:
Zakharia, Fouad; Basu, Analabha; Absher, Devin; Assimes, Themistocles L; Go, Alan S; Hlatky, Mark A; Iribarren, Carlos; Knowles, Joshua W; Li, Jun; Narasimhan, Balasubramanian; Sidney, Steven; Southwick, Audrey; Myers, Richard M; Quertermous, Thomas; Risch, Neil; Tang, Hua (2009).
13055:
South
Carolina has bills of sale for property transactions from the 1700s to pretty recently. I looked at a sample of 3,000 bills of sale involving enslaved people being purchased or sold. Close to 40 percent of the bills of sale included either a female buyer or a female
11272:
10169:
17082:
4935:
1731:
14218:... to slave sales." Ransome (p. 582) notes that Fogel and Engerman based their conclusions on the study of some counties in Maryland in the 1830s and attempted to extrapolate that analysis as reflective of the entire South over the entire period.
25634:
5213:
For sale: 51 head of slaves, 12 yoke of draught oxen, 32 horses or mules; 5 head of slaves, 2 yoke of draught oxen; 11 head of slaves, 4 yoke of oxen—in early
America, slaves were treated legally and socially as if they were farm animals
18713:
3498:
3385:
7508:
15417:
14069:
Kolchin p. 96. Through the domestic slave trade, about one million enslaved
African Americans were forcibly removed from the Upper South to the Deep South, with some transported by ship in the coastwise trade. In 1834,
13156:
In 1835, 7.4% of
Cherokee families held slaves. In comparison, nearly one-third of white families living in Confederate states owned slaves in 1860. Further analysis of the 1835 Federal Cherokee Census can be found in
17992:
9973:... overturned the policy of containment and effectively unlocked the gates of the Western territories (including both the old Louisiana Purchase lands and the Mexican Cession) to the legal expansion of slavery...."
28910:
13190:
4959:
7473:
23849:
17903:"Review of The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860 by Calvin Schermerhorn and The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism by Edward E. Baptist"
9417:
held 3,950,546 unnamed slaves, for an average of about ten slaves per holder. As some large holders held slaves in multiple counties and are thus multiply counted, this slightly overestimates the number of
6039:
27582:
27577:
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6503:
23686:
1726:
6499:
21813:
7028:
5577:
4963:
27589:
22682:
7530:
3370:
15660:"You Want a Confederate Monument? My Body Is a Confederate Monument. The black people I come from were owned and raped by the white people I come from. Who dares to tell me to celebrate them?"
28903:
27330:
9434:, who in 1850 held 1,092 slaves, and whose heirs in 1860 held 1,130 or 1,131 slaves – he was dubbed "the king of the rice planters", and one of his plantations is now part of
6485:
10516:
6293:
in two
Alabama newspapers in hopes of recovering a 20-year-old enslaved woman, whom he had purchased four years earlier, and her four-year-old daughter, who sometimes called herself Lolo
3302:
7534:
Market update, published on the eve of the American Civil War: Here the sell-side (Virginia) prepares the buy-side (Mississippi) for expected prices in the 1860–61 slave-trading season (
22237:
Cotton is king: or, The culture of cotton, and its relation to Agriculture, Manufactures and Commerce; to the free colored people; and to those who hold that slavery is in itself sinful
7138:
3380:
13699:
opposed slavery, but they believed that blacks would face better chances for freedom in Africa than in the United States. Slaveholders opposed abolition, but they wanted to get rid of
27594:
19353:
6904:
4589:
3365:
4899:
28896:
23806:
23433:
6256:
5200:
31483:
12591:
31802:
31629:
29344:
23701:
7013:
5963:
2018:
27265:
25626:
24136:
23636:
23591:
23506:
22355:
19881:
2664:
14214:, pp. 168–169. Kolchin p. 96. Kolchin notes that Fogel and Engerman maintained that 84% of slaves moved with their families but "most other scholars assign far greater weight
7244:
24141:
24131:
23546:
23511:
15710:
15413:
11109:...by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons."
9741:
American ships – something that was a continued cause of grievance. Despite the intent of the treaty, the opportunity for additional co-operation was missed.
6931:: "SLAVE STATES, once more let me repeat that the only way of preserving our slave property, or what we prize more than life, our LIBERTY, is by a UNION WITH EACH OTHER." (
24753:
13916:
10153:
7035:
of African-American woman with a flag, "believed to be a washerwoman for Union troops quartered outside Richmond, Virginia" (National Museum of American History 2005.0002)
5971:
3699:
2077:
2029:
13982:
24171:
13827:
10487:
3375:
3327:
13039:
24797:
5182:
3337:
3332:
1857:
7435:
Prices noted in pencil on slave sale broadside with listing of names, ages and special skills; a note was made on an outer page "average $ 623.45"(Hutson Lee papers,
5190:
3603:
3347:
31890:
25602:
24084:
15874:
Adler, Jeffrey S. (1995). "Black Violence in the New South. Patterns of Conflict in Late-Nineteenth-Century Tampa". In Colburn, David R.; Landers, Jane L. (eds.).
14017:
9625:
6356:
5824:
4858:
12142:
A legal argument before the Supreme court of the state of New Jersey, at the May term, 1845, at Trenton, for the deliverance of four thousand persons from bondage
31312:
15735:
5734:
5694:
3317:
9462:
Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia
7406:
5853:
gang was at work in Northwest Fork Hundred, Delaware until 1829, when four bodies were found buried on property they had owned ("Kidnapping 250 Dollars Reward"
30767:
30762:
28115:
28110:
27659:
26391:
26248:
24630:
24079:
23923:
23866:
17864:"The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism. By Baptist Edward E. New York: Basic Books, 2014. pp. xxvii, 498. $ 35.00, cloth"
15031:"Racism, African American Women, and Their Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Review of Historical and Contemporary Evidence and Implications for Health Equity"
6897:
6447:
5453:
4807:
3894:
2220:
1716:
1247:
31895:
30772:
27922:
27794:
26379:
25714:
23426:
7050:
3252:
3242:
2061:
14474:
31880:
31533:
31422:
31407:
29251:
23776:
16973:
The Ordeal of the Reunion: A New History of Reconstruction (Littlefield History of the Civil War Era) by Mark Wahlgren Summers, 978-1-4696-1758-9, page=397
16787:
9658:
6570:
6523:
6286:
6025:
5889:
5425:
Said openly that slavery should by no means be limited to black people, since in their view it was beneficial. Northern white workers, who were allegedly "
5402:
4877:
3759:
3322:
1999:
1601:
973:
710:
28:
15670:
7431:
31965:
31910:
31199:
31119:
29647:
23761:
21825:
21569:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press (published for the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture, Williamsburg, Virginia).
16984:
9792:
9635:
5711:
4881:
3312:
3307:
1337:
978:
11126:
31870:
29381:
28948:
26489:
26170:
24770:
24763:
23928:
23791:
11570:
Schermerhorn, Calvin (2020). "Chapter 2: 'Cash for Slaves' The African American Trail of Tears". In Bond, Beverly Greene; O'Donovan, Susan Eva (eds.).
6015:
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31950:
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27078:
26213:
24781:
20293:
7396:
6890:
4814:
4738:
4655:
3342:
3222:
13136:
Sturm, Circe (1998). "Blood Politics, Racial Classification, and Cherokee National Identity: The Trials and Tribulations of the Cherokee Freedmen".
7489: (equivalent to $ 1,761 in 2023) each, and resold in the United States where the fair-market price for a healthy young enslaved male was easily
29642:
29044:
27572:
24529:
24055:
24019:
23854:
23419:
9615:
9521:
6198:
6144:
5893:
5690:
5396:
5364:
5344:
5176:
4829:
4665:
4645:
3643:
670:
19397:
12547:
10616:
131:
31885:
31417:
31392:
31194:
31102:
29652:
29386:
28120:
27360:
26124:
23844:
12136:
10203:
Brown, Christopher. PBS Video "Liberty! The American Revolution", Episode 6, "Are We to be a Nation?", Twin Cities Public Television, Inc., 1997.
5989:
And why? Because it is said they can never attain to respectability or happiness here—among their own countrymen!!—Hail, Columbia! happy land!" (
5305:
2538:
12621:
Lindsay, Arnett G. (1920). "Diplomatic Relations Between the United States and Great Britain Bearing on the Return of Negro Slaves, 1783–1828".
31915:
31905:
31244:
30887:
30276:
30155:
29049:
28189:
28164:
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24325:
24161:
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14044:
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7108:
6451:
6099:
3577:
3478:
2225:
2097:
1951:
1025:
13303:
5717:
31960:
31771:
31129:
30882:
30877:
30303:
28287:
28174:
28169:
27101:
26549:
24517:
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23811:
13679:
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10057:
9664:
7122:
5204:
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4338:
3841:
3704:
3596:
1805:
21033:
16619:
31955:
30135:
29205:
27890:
27726:
27435:
27425:
27083:
27073:
24740:
23821:
23796:
19511:
17958:
mishandle historical evidence and mischaracterize important events in ways that affect their major interpretations on the nature of slavery
9527:
7284:
7280:
6539:
6019:
5846:
4885:
4851:
4824:
4758:
4594:
3919:
3532:
3512:
3272:
2764:
2749:
2236:
1721:
1571:
15335:
6377:
Tags to be used for identifying and tracking enslaved people of Charleston, South Carolina (National Museum of American History 1993.0503)
102:
31940:
31930:
31692:
31222:
30271:
30030:
29137:
27932:
27704:
24512:
24276:
23999:
23320:
22174:
Sweet, John Wood. "The Subject of the Slave Trade: Recent Currents in the Histories of the Atlantic, Great Britain, and Western Africa,"
15309:
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7128:
6395:
4728:
4650:
3277:
3257:
1052:
17705:
10236:. "An Interview with Historian Gordon Wood on the New York Times "1619 Project," World Socialist Web Site, wsws.org, November 28, 2019.
5327:
1860, Southern slaveholders held slaves as personal property collectively valued at more than $ 3 billion (about $ 97 billion in 2022) (
31925:
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31900:
31786:
31649:
31634:
30065:
29681:
28152:
27096:
27091:
23989:
23717:
23501:
23309:
13159:
McLoughlin, W. G.; Conser, W. H. (1977). "The Cherokees in Transition: a Statistical Analysis of the Federal Cherokee Census of 1835".
12704:"The Five Greatest Slave Rebellions in the United States | African American History Blog | The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross"
6011:
5561:
5082:
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4949:
4743:
3904:
3744:
2543:
2004:
1798:
550:
10449:
9953:
6046:
4939:
Detail of the brickwork of a colonial-era church in Maryland; the brickmakers of Baltimore were predominantly black and often enslaved
31935:
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30939:
29637:
29632:
28464:
27811:
27315:
26424:
26138:
24896:
22772:
20960:
Ohline, Howard A. (October 1971). "Republicanism and Slavery: Origins of the Three-Fifths Clause in the United States Constitution".
19335:
16763:
16346:
Acts, Resolutions, and Memorials Passed at the ... Annual, and Special Sessions, of the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Utah
9687:
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3207:
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2118:
1000:
18210:. New York, N.Y: Saint Martin's Press. pp. 101–102 (Portuguese-African market), 125–126 (prices), 250–253 (origin, biography).
16013:
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7074:
5739:
5697:: Jackson, soon to be the "Hero of New Orleans," explains how much it should cost to take a shipment of slaves to Natchez for sale (
31553:
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29326:
29306:
29112:
28159:
27789:
27310:
26532:
26364:
26119:
25893:
23953:
21088:
The War of Slavery upon the Constitution: Address of Charles E. Drake on the Anniversary of the Constitution Delivered in St. Louis
20845:
Cushing, John D. (1961). "The Cushing Court and the Abolition of Slavery in Massachusetts: More Notes on the 'Quock Walker Case'".
7520:
6876:
6702:
6534:
6513:
6172:, 1863; after the whipping, Peter's wounds were salted, a common practice; the overseer who whipped Peter was fired by slave owner
6134:
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5267:
4982:
3589:
3527:
3292:
3247:
1771:
1591:
764:
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14880:
5008:, who was an enslaved African-American man who purchased his freedom, became a soldier, and rose to fame as a war hero during the
31756:
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30892:
30225:
30105:
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28125:
28085:
27927:
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27760:
27365:
24499:
24350:
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19137:
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13691:, a successful New England black shipping man, financed and captained a voyage for American blacks in 1815–1816 to British-ruled
13400:
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1934:
30115:
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for having helped 7 men to obtain 'Life Liberty, and Happiness.' SS Slave Saviour Northern Dist. SS Slave Stealer Southern Dist.
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3104:
1035:
453:
32:
30025:
17439:
Tadman, M. (December 2000). "The Demographic Cost of Sugar: Debates on Slave Societies and Natural Increase in the Americas".
14475:"Frontiersman or Southern Gentleman? Newspaper Coverage of Andrew Jackson during the 1828 Presidential Campaign | Readex"
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21212:(1). The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History: 18–25.
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2014:
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17248:(March 1995). "Where is There Consensus among American Economic Historians? The Results of a Survey on Forty Propositions".
17200:(March 1995). "Where Is There Consensus Among American Economic Historians? The Results of a Survey on Forty Propositions".
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in Louisiana, which was built on land that had formerly been plantations owned by hugely successful interstate slave trader
31945:
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23616:
22388:, ed., Boston: John P. Jewett and Company, 1853. pp. 174–239. Available at the Documenting the American South website.
21133:
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16300:
Reflections on the Project for forming a Colony of American Blacks in Africa, and certain Documents respecting that Project
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1984:
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O'Malley, Gregory E. (2009). "Beyond the Middle Passage: Slave Migration from the Caribbean to North America, 1619–1807".
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14729:
People Without Rights (Routledge Revivals): An Interpretation of the Fundamentals of the Law of Slavery in the U.S. South
14500:
13795:
A People's History of Florida 1513–1876. How Africans, Seminoles, Women, and Lower Class Whites Shaped the Sunshine State
10363:
7577:, New Orleans, La. The colored woman standing on the block was sold for $ 1500.00 on this same block when a little girl."
6244:
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1852:
1484:
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995:
791:
700:
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9473:
Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia
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2681:
2113:
1872:
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1315:
21335:
19138:"SAN FRANCISCO / Slavery in Gold Rush days / New discoveries prompt exhibition, re-examination of state's involvement"
19115:
12204:
10104:
5828:
Manumission papers of Phillis Murray, a black woman about 25 years old, signed by William Glasgow, December 31, 1833 (
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23147:
22752:
Hilt, Eric. (2010). "Revisiting Time on the Cross After 45 Years: The Slavery Debates and the New Economic History."
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14736:
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11257:, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1999. pages=90 ("miraculous things"), 228 (property law status)
10910:
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7586:
7512:
Five-dollar banknote showing a plantation scene with enslaved people in South Carolina. Issued by the Planters Bank,
7436:
7001:
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5439:
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5059:
4802:
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4343:
3794:
3779:
2162:
1994:
1689:
1566:
990:
759:
626:
52:
22809:(December 2004). "Coming to Terms with Our Past, Part II: On the Morality and Politics of Reparations for Slavery".
22613:
19163:
17514:
12039:
Narrative of James Williams, an American slave: who was for several years a driver on a cotton plantation in Alabama
8195:
Evolution of the enslaved population of the United States as a percentage of the population of each state, 1790–1860
5339:
30175:
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26684:
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26199:
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25933:
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23876:
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23476:
23395:: a searchable database of 25,000 scholarly works on slavery and the slave trade in all western European languages.
23227:
22591:
22505:
18760:
18236:
17964:
17862:
Murray, John E.; Olmstead, Alan L.; Logan, Trevon D.; Pritchett, Jonathan B.; Rousseau, Peter L. (September 2015).
17645:
16733:
15029:
Prather, C.; Fuller, T. R.; Jeffries Wl, I. V.; Marshall, K. J.; Howell, A. V.; Belyue-Umole, A.; King, W. (2018).
14928:
9994:
7327:
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6005:
4960:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § American Revolution and Confederation period, 1776–1787
4913:
4698:
3799:
3572:
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3119:
2769:
2182:
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1030:
1015:
961:
646:
636:
631:
460:
316:
36:
17:
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19094:
17941:
13768:
Hall, Robert L. (1995). "African Religious Retentions in Florida". In Colburn, David R.; Landers, Jane L. (eds.).
11983:
11872:
7923:; Lincoln kept a copy of this map in the White House and studied it often, using it to track Union troop movements
6197:, a branded slave from Louisiana—also exhibiting instruments of torture used to punish slaves (carte de visite by
1536:
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19404:, Transcribed by Tom Blake, April to July 2001, (updated October 2001 and December 2004; now includes 19 holders)
18721:
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2759:
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1586:
392:
24566:
22742:
Baker, Regina S. (2022) "The historical racial regime and racial inequality in poverty in the American south."
21376:
Knowles, Helen J. (August 2013). "Seeing the Light: Lysander Spooner's Increasingly Popular Constitutionalism".
20768:
Historians and Slavery; A Critical Analysis of Perspectives and Irony in American Slavery and Other Recent Works
14836:
Savitt, Todd (August 1982). "The Use of Blacks for Medical Experimentation and Demonstration in the Old South".
3633:
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23586:
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23551:
23536:
23516:
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23471:
21005:
Stampp, Kenneth M. "Interpreting the Slaveholders' World: a Review." Agricultural History 1970 44(4): 407–412,
20487:
18466:
17293:
Galenson, D.W. (March 1984). "The Rise and Fall of Indentured Servants in the Americas: An Economic Approach".
15659:
15078:
Bryc, Katarzyna; Durand, Eric Y.; Macpherson, J. Michael; Reich, David; Mountain, Joanna L. (January 8, 2015).
15000:
13508:
11963:
10488:"Tracing the lives and letters of the Black Loyalists – Part 1 The Journey to Sierra Leone - Untold lives blog"
10043:
9898:"More than 1,700 congressmen once enslaved Black people. This is who they were, and how they shaped the nation"
9630:
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3483:
3159:
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1285:
1273:
853:
665:
311:
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22189:
Tadman, Michael. "The Reputation of the Slave Trader in Southern History and the Social Memory of the South",
13535:
13104:
Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619–1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass
12762:
11123:
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Stuckey, P. Sterling. "Reflections on the Scholarship of African Origins and Influence in American Slavery",
20723:
20079:
18454:
13216:
12047:
9731:
Slaves were considered personal property in all slave states except Louisiana, which deemed them real estate.
9599:
6781:
5941:
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5311:
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1640:
501:
22417:. 19 vols. Greenwood Publishing Company, 1972. Collection of WPA interviews made in the 1930s with ex-slaves
17541:"Where Is There Consensus Among American Economic Historians? The Results of a Survey on Forty Propositions"
17379:"Where Is There Consensus Among American Economic Historians? The Results of a Survey on Forty Propositions"
16275:
An Inquiry Into the Character and Tendency of the American Colonization, and American Anti-slavery Societies
7590:"Fugitive Negroes, fording Rappahannock river following Pope's retreat, Aug. 1862" (New York Public Library)
7313:' old Senate seat, worked to realize the lofty goals of the abolitionists through Congressional legislation
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19006:
Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South
17639:
17028:
Acharya, Avidit; Blackwell, Matthew; Sen, Maya (May 19, 2016). "The Political Legacy of American Slavery".
16533:
16297:
15185:. Blackwell readers in American social and cultural history (2. ed.). Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.
13911:
13854:
13819:
13040:"In 'They Were Her Property,' a historian shows that white women were deeply involved in the slave economy"
11932:
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1237:
1005:
545:
513:
195:
122:
27:
This article is about slavery from the founding of the United States in 1776. For the colonial period, see
25046:
19836:
The Failure of Popular Sovereignty: Slavery, Manifest Destiny, and the Radicalization of Southern Politics
18755:
5068:
Arguments for and against slavery caused ongoing conflict during the first 89 years of the United States (
232:
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19183:
The Civil War Era and Reconstruction: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural and Economic History
18375:
17295:
17250:
12389:
Loveland, Anne C. (1966). "Evangelicalism and "Immediate Emancipation" in American Antislavery Thought".
7339:
transitioned effortlessly from being a slave trader before the war to using convict labor on his farm on
6939:
6932:
6697:
6504:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § Election of 1860 to the Battle of Fort Sumter
6387:
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in 1842 for introducing anti-slavery resolution deemed to be incendiary, and in violation of the House's
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1514:
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422:
242:
71:
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Remembering Slavery: African Americans Talk About Their Personal Experiences of Slavery and Emancipation
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19394:
18511:
16679:
The Enemy in Our Hands: America's Treatment of Prisoners of War from the Revolution to the War on Terror
16273:
15391:
Letters on American slavery, addressed to Mr. Thomas Rankin, merchant at Middlebrook, Augusta County, Va
9408:
Sketches of enslaved Americans in Richmond and Charleston, made by British artist Eyre Crowe, March 1853
7332:
5647:
The shipping news in Charleston in December 1805 included 900 newly imported enslaved Africans from the
31719:
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23626:
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23022:
My Folks Don't Want Me to Talk about Slavery: Twenty-One Oral Histories of Former North Carolina Slaves
22811:
22619:
22398:
20360:
19545:
18730:
18650:
18459:"Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions in the Making of the Modern World Income Distribution"
18122:
17672:
17441:
16279:
15385:
12551:
11881:
11424:
de Tocqueville, Alexise (2007). "Chapter XVIII: Future Condition Of Three Races In The United States".
11273:
A key to Uncle Tom's cabin: presenting the original facts and documents upon which the story is founded
9650:
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1633:
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1509:
705:
375:
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21581:
21522:
21325:—— (Winter 2000). "Garrison's Constitution: The Covenant with Death and How It Was Made".
21092:
20798:
20759:
20747:
20730:
20401:
20316:
20173:
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19828:
19704:
17962:
Alan L. Olmstead; Paul W. Rhode (January 2018). "Cotton, slavery, and the new history of capitalism".
14801:
Kenney, Stephen (March 2015). "Power, opportunism, racism: Human experiments under American slavery".
12140:
10452:, Jamestown Settlement and American Revolution Museum at Yorktown website. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
7566:
6500:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § Compromise of 1850 to the Election of 1860
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25383:
24667:
24355:
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24099:
21893:
21647:
20548:
20516:
20321:
19551:
19354:"The number of people in the average U.S. household is going up for the first time in over 160 years"
18450:
18283:
18110:
15797:
15654:
15080:"The Genetic Ancestry of African Americans, Latinos, and European Americans across the United States"
14780:
13138:
12856:
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7513:
7274:
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6756:
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3139:
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1882:
1776:
1307:
1295:
885:
858:
363:
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23195:. First published in 1842. See Louise H. Johnson, "The Source of the Chapter on Slavery in Dickens'
22976:
Before Freedom When I Just Can Remember: Twenty-seven Oral Histories of Former South Carolina Slaves
21508:
People Without Rights: An Interpretation of the Fundamentals of the Law of Slavery in the U.S. South
20450:
20148:
18278:
The Political Economy of the Cotton South: Households, Markets, and Wealth in the Nineteenth Century
18162:
David, Paul A., Herbert G. Gutman, Richard Sutch, and Peter Temin. "Reckoning with slavery." (1985).
17562:
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31598:
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27649:
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25343:
24882:
24040:
22520:
22216:
20038:
18321:
17680:
16551:
15825:
Paludan, Phillip Shaw (Summer 2006). "Lincoln and Negro Slavery: I Haven't Got Time for the Pain".
13315:
12815:
12623:
11877:
11105:
I provides in part: "Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states
10054:
9707:
9441:
The percentage of families that owned slaves in 1860 in various groupings of states was as follows:
7087:
7083:
6804:
6717:
6692:
6657:
6632:
6090:
6072:
5585:
5415:
5360:
4500:
4370:
4355:
4202:
2974:
2754:
2601:
2485:
2259:
2140:
1968:
1657:
1526:
1079:
868:
353:
254:
165:
43:
25138:
22577:
22299:
22282:
22061:
22013:
Frey, Sylvia R. "The Visible Church: Historiography of African American Religion since Raboteau",
21805:
21698:
Masters, Slaves, & Subjects: The Culture of Power in the South Carolina Low Country, 1740–1790
20426:
20272:
Fruits of Merchant Capital: Slavery and Bourgeois Property in the Rise and Expansion of Capitalism
19319:
15641:
Some Enchanted Evening on the Auction Block: The Cultural Legacy of the New Orleans Quadroon Balls
13683:
11811:
11324:
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5536:
Establishing the Northwest Territory as free soil – no slavery – by
4964:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § Early Constitutional period, 1787–1811
533:
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20553:
20028:
19798:
19782:
Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II
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368:
22008:
Exposing Slavery: Photography, Human Bondage, and the Birth of Modern Visual Politics in America
21567:
Forced Founders: Indians, Debtors, Slaves, and the Making of the American Revolution in Virginia
21010:
19910:
19210:
A Peculiar Place for the Peculiar Institution: Slavery and Sovereignty in Early Territorial Utah
18348:
Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1968 edition edited by
16215:
13940:
13744:
The Slumbering Volcano: American Slave Ship Revolts and the Production of Rebellious Masculinity
13703:, whom they saw as potential leaders of rebellions and people who encouraged slaves to run away.
13268:
13235:
11060:
10963:
Keith L. Dougherty, and Jac C. Heckelman. "Voting on slavery at the Constitutional Convention."
7917:
Map showing the distribution of the slave population of the southern states of the United States
31687:
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23038:
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A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Own Narratives of Emancipation
22070:
20302:
The Birth of Black America: The First African Americans and the Pursuit of Freedom at Jamestown
20267:
20134:
The Black Image in the White Mind: The Debate on Afro-American Character and Destiny, 1817–1914
18633:
Anstey, Roger (1975). "The Volume and Profitability of the British Slave Trade, 1675–1800". In
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5985:"Only think of it!—There is actually a scheme on foot for transporting to the shores of Africa
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2157:
1920:
1889:
1389:
1130:
1042:
890:
614:
580:
575:
190:
at age 100; "an overseer doing his duty" (1798); refugees from American slavery who settled in
173:
23299:
22084:
Laurie, Bruce. "Workers, Abolitionists, and the Historians: A Historiographical Perspective",
21705:
From Slavery to Agrarian Capitalism in the Cotton Plantation South, Central Georgia, 1800–1880
20911:
19019:
18688:
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Against brutal (often physically brutal) opposition from the whites of the late rebel states,
5367:, and at 54, 58, 68, and 78 Barrone represented but a slim fraction of the trade in the city (
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22431:
Slavery and Class in the American South: A Generation of Slave Narrative Testimony, 1840–1865
21621:
Slavery in the Cherokee Nation: The Keetoowah Society and the Defining of a People, 1855–1867
21416:
Maltz, Earl M. (October 1992). "Slavery, Federalism, and the Structure of the Constitution".
21154:
A Slaveholders' Union: Slavery, Politics, and the Constitution in the Early American Republic
20129:
18646:
18403:
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15711:"They were once America's cruelest, richest slave traders. Why does no one know their names?"
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22795:
Logan, Trevon D. (2022) "American Enslavement and the Recovery of Black Economic History."
22460:
22307:
Families and Freedom: A Documentary History of African-American Kinship in the Civil War Era
22117:
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20685:
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19895:
19682:
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19533:
16318:
16069:
History of the Underground Railroad: In Chester and the Neighboring Counties of Pennsylvania
15801:
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10247:
Faces of the Revolution: Personalities and Themes in the Struggle for American Independence,
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Interpreting Southern History: Historiographical Essays in Honor of Sanford W. Higginbotham
21341:
20154:
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19332:
18950:"From '20. and odd' to 10 million: the growth of the slave population in the United States"
18315:
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11196:"From '20. and odd' to 10 million: the growth of the slave population in the United States"
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23317:, summaries, lesson plans, documents and illustrations for schools; focus on United States
20290:
American Abolitionism: Its Direct Political Impact from Colonial Times into Reconstruction
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18858:
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18825:
18800:
18792:
15498:"The Slave Trader, the White Slave, and the Politics of Racial Determination in the 1850s"
15362:
Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. and the Atlantic World. Slave Trader, Plantation Owner, Emancipator
12113:
10853:
General Rufus Putnam: George Washington's Chief Military Engineer and the "Father of Ohio"
8:
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21034:
The Greatest Slave Rebellion in Modern History: Southern Slaves in the American Civil War
20621:
20503:
19958:
19802:
19778:
17083:"Destined for Democracy? Labour Markets and Political Change in Colonial British America"
16398:
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Original caption: "Negro going in colored entrance of movie house on Saturday afternoon,
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1231–1249, examined historical and sociological studies since the influential 1982 book
21784:
Black Majority: Negroes in Colonial South Carolina from 1670 through the Stono Rebellion
19421:"Boundaries and Opportunities: Comparing Slave Family Formation in the Antebellum South"
19313:
17170:"P.J. Porcher and Baya slave sale broadside - Lowcountry Digital Library Catalog Search"
17169:
16169:
11979:
10740:
Creating Black Americans: African-American History and Its Meanings, 1619 to the Present
7239: Territory incorporated into the U.S. after the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment
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Hettle, Wallace. "White Society in the Old South: The Literary Evidence Reconsidered",
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The Political Economy of Slavery: Studies in the Economy and Society of the Slave South
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basin—were purchased at a Portuguese-run African slave market in 1858 for an estimated
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180:
62:
30566:
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24979:
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Before Freedom: Forty-Eight Oral Histories of Former North & South Carolina Slaves
22949:
Goings, Henry (2012). Schermerhorn, Calvin; Plunkett, Michael; Gaynor, Edward (eds.).
22800:
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21204:
David, C. W. A. (January 1924). "The Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 and its Antecedents".
19021:
The River Flows On: Black Resistance, Culture, and Identity Formation in Early America
14905:
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Baker, H. Robert (2012). "The Fugitive Slave Clause and the Antebellum Constitution".
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7481:: Ward Lee, Tucker Henderson, and Romeo—born Cilucängy, Pucka Gaeta, and Tahro in the
5477:
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Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § Colonial period, 1607–1775
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Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680–1800
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Major Problems in African-American History: From Freedom to "Freedom Now", 1865–1990s
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The making of a racist: a southerner reflects on family, history, and the slave trade
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12943:"Jan. 17, 1834 | Alabama Legislature Bans Free Black People from Living in the State"
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11124:"Interview: James Oliver Horton: Exhibit Reveals History of Slavery in New York City"
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7173: Gradual emancipation in New York (starting 1799) and New Jersey (starting 1804)
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22344:
Slave Testimony: Two Centuries of Letters, Speeches, Interviews, and Autobiographies
22146:
Sidbury, James. "Globalization, Creolization, and the Not-So-Peculiar Institution",
21279:
20354:
20336:
19474:
The Myth of the Lost Cause: Why the South Fought the Civil War and Why the North Won
19455:
17114:
16709:
Confederate Emancipation: Southern Plans to Free and Arm Slaves during the Civil War
16252:"Slaves Are Prohibited to Read and Write by Law | North Carolina Law (1830-31)"
14814:
10855:, pp. 1–4, 105–106, McFarland & Company, Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, 2020.
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23886:
23711:
23294:"Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936 to 1938"
23133:
22868:
22844:
22820:
22761:
22747:
22377:
22356:
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (Written by Himself)
21425:
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21353:
21302:
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20854:
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17141:
17130:"The Long Shadow of Slavery: The Persistence of Slave Owners in Southern Lawmaking"
17094:
17047:
16862:
16602:
15978:
15834:
15731:
15511:
15236:
The delectable Negro: human consumption and homoeroticism within U.S. slave culture
15153:
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15042:
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12632:
12437:
12398:
12288:
pp. 1–3, 14–15, 24, 29–30, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, and London, 2020.
11637:
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11160:
11034:
10986:
10879:
The Pioneers: The Heroic Story of the Settlers Who Brought the American Ideal West,
10825:
10518:
Black Patriots and Loyalists: Fighting for Emancipation in the War for Independence
9674:
9427:
7570:
7343:
near Memphis after the war (glass copy negative, Library of Congress LC-BH821-3061)
7305:, and black representatives elected by newly enfranchised former slaves, including
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212:
191:
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22848:
21611:
19420:
18965:
16851:"Taking Profits, Making Myths: The Slave Trading Career of Nathan Bedford Forrest"
16652:
Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln. Volume 7 [Nov. 5, 1863-Sept. 12, 1864]
14351:
Tadman, Michael (September 18, 2012). Smith, Mark M.; Paquette, Robert L. (eds.).
12872:
12857:"Trouble the water: The Baltimore to New Orleans coastwise slave trade, 1820–1860"
11841:
11399:
11211:
11164:
7836:
6518:
5564:, the highest court in Massachusetts. (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts)
5093:
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28423:
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28362:
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27405:
27400:
27331:
Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)
27181:
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23973:
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23314:
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23087:
22950:
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22881:
22725:
A Hard Hight for We: Women's Transition from Slavery to Freedom in South Carolina
22476:
22470:
22385:
22278:
22042:
21852:
21058:
The Second Founding: How the Civil War and Reconstruction Remade the Constitution
21038:
20575:
20325:
In the Matter of Color: Race and the American Legal Process: The Colonial Period.
20235:
19901:
19732:
19401:
19339:
19295:
19240:
19181:
18684:
18638:
18605:
18525:
17486:
17343:
16665:
James McPherson, "Drawn With the Sword", from the article "Who Freed the Slaves?"
16568:
16402:
16344:
16319:"The Utah Territory Slave Code (1852) – The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed"
16143:
15899:"Slaves and the Courts, 1740–1860 Slave code for the District of Columbia, 1860."
15852:
15758:"Without the Civil War, who knows when Lexington's slave trade might have ended?"
15276:
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3996:
3684:
3669:
3014:
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2571:
2490:
1815:
1701:
1696:
1449:
1419:
1414:
1137:
1101:
900:
818:
523:
269:
169:
23058:
We Lived in a Little Cabin in the Yard: Personal Accounts of Slavery in Virginia
21531:
Slavery and Freedom on the Middle Ground: Maryland During the Nineteenth Century
20666:
19287:
18895:""Don't Let Nobody Bother Yo' Principle" The Sexual Economy of American Slavery"
18859:""Don't Let Nobody Bother Yo' Principle" The Sexual Economy of American Slavery"
18793:""Don't Let Nobody Bother Yo' Principle" The Sexual Economy of American Slavery"
18208:
The Wanderer: the last American slave ship and the conspiracy that set its sails
17515:"Historical Demographic, Economic and Social Data: the United States, 1790–1970"
16768:. The White House. June 17, 2021. Archived from the original on February 4, 2023
15916:
15016:
In the Matter of Color: Race and the American Legal Process. The Colonial Period
12524:
Opposing the Slavers. The Royal Navy's Campaign against the Atlantic Slave Trade
11641:
9426:
holders of 500 or more slaves have been identified. The largest slaveholder was
5414:
Wanted to reintroduce slavery in the Northern states, through federal action or
5322:
30844:
30792:
30631:
30596:
30556:
30448:
30428:
30423:
30378:
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26995:
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26850:
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25507:
25445:
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25332:
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24967:
24961:
24837:
24551:
24475:
24445:
24400:
24395:
24390:
23411:
23079:
22536:
22074:
21855:"The American Civil War, Emancipation, and Reconstruction on the World Stage,"
21752:
Rearing Wolves to Our Own Destruction: Slavery in Richmond, Virginia, 1782–1865
21616:
21290:
21147:
The Crooked Path to Abolition: Abraham Lincoln and the Antislavery Constitution
21098:
20917:
20898:
20656:
Scott, Daryl Michael (2020). "The Social and Intellectual Origins of 13thism".
19971:
19937:
18533:
18446:
18312:"Volume I, Chapter XVIII: Future Condition Of Three Races In The United States"
17536:
17374:
17245:
17197:
15860:
15148:
15096:
14548:
14523:
14430:
13925:
11887:
9669:
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7890:
7852:
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7731:
7706:
7363:
7302:
6960:
6662:
6480:
6475:
6222:
5898:
5798:
5730:
5652:
5618:
5526:
5418:
making slavery legal nationwide, thus overriding state anti-slavery laws. (See
5317:
5042:
5022:
4688:
4660:
4288:
3971:
3966:
3729:
3473:
2898:
2868:
2626:
2616:
2447:
1899:
1788:
680:
321:
279:
22141:
Eighty-Eight Years: The Long Death of Slavery in the United States, 1777–1865.
21869:. "American Slavery in History and Memory and the Search for Social Justice",
21389:
21262:
21245:
18777:
18739:
18388:
18043:
18026:
17977:
17879:
17848:
17571:
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17215:
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17129:
17098:
15434:
14540:
Honor, Control, and Powerlessness: Plantation Whipping in the Antebellum South
13972:"272 Slaves Were Sold to Save Georgetown. What Does It Owe Their Descendants?"
12816:"Slave Revolt of 1842 | The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture"
11038:
6238:
5004:
This postage stamp, which was created at the time of the Bicentennial, honors
4968:
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31112:
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24592:
24480:
24455:
24435:
24365:
24198:
23948:
23891:
23106:
22824:
22645:
American Inheritance: Liberty and Slavery in the Birth of a Nation, 1765–1795
22588:
New Directions in Slavery Studies: Commodification, Community, and Comparison
22410:
22066:
21780:
21293:(April 2011). "Slavery, the Constitution, and the Origins of the Civil War".
20876:
20407:
19439:
19232:
19072:
18973:
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18595:
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16874:
15990:
14512:
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14400:
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12880:
12548:"Potomac Books – University of Nebraska Press – University of Nebraska Press"
12505:
12449:
11711:
11450:
11289:
11219:
11172:
10998:
10754:"An interview with historian Gordon Wood on the New York Times' 1619 Project"
10543:
10382:
7857:
7744:
7380:
An industrial school set up for ex-slaves in Richmond during Reconstruction (
7323:
7185: Effective abolition of slavery by Mexican or joint US/British authority
6968:
6948:
6832:
6594:
6470:
6351:
This Daguerreotype was taken by Southworth Aug. 1845 it is a copy of Captain
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5780:
5774:
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1208:
1191:
966:
796:
786:
570:
220:
28918:
23398:
23284:
21306:
21107:. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research.
19596:
A Deplorable Scarcity: The Failure of Industrialization in the Slave Economy
19208:
18826:""Don't Let Nobody Bother Yo' Principle" Sexual Economy of American Slavery"
18714:"Economic History, Historical Analysis, and the "New History of Capitalism""
13820:"Alexandria to New Orleans: The Human Tragedy of the Interstate Slave Trade"
13608:
The Final Victims: Foreign Slave Trade to North America, 1783–1810, Volume 2
13191:"Historians and the extent of slave ownership in the Southern United States"
11511:"The Confederacy was about preserving slavery. The proof? It's on the money"
11297:
7133:
5740:
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24652:
24618:
24578:
24450:
22497:
22466:
22442:
The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism
22245:
21975:
21672:
21562:
21175:
After Slavery: The Negro in South Carolina During Reconstruction, 1861–1877
21162:
20774:
20764:
20431:
19995:
19859:
The Notorious Triangle: Rhode Island and the African Slave Trade, 1700–1807
19616:
19591:
19571:
The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism
19447:
18991:
18325:
18271:
18231:
18027:"What Fraction of Antebellum US National Product did the Enslaved Produce?"
17635:
17607:
The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery And The Making Of American Capitalism
16765:
President Biden Signs the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act Into Law
16564:
16293:
15590:
15167:
15115:
15064:
14865:
14822:
13692:
13584:
Finkelman, Paul (2004). "Suppressing American Slave Traders in the 1790s".
13187:
A discussion on the total number of Slave holding families can be found in
12583:
12496:
Finkelman, Paul (2004). "Suppressing American Slave Traders in the 1790s".
12425:
11237:
10138:
7798:
7773:
7769:
7764:
7711:
7306:
6972:
6923:
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2838:
2566:
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1842:
1674:
1650:
1556:
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1280:
808:
781:
744:
722:
609:
326:
306:
284:
274:
264:
259:
249:
187:
23160:
Slavery and Slaving in World History: A Bibliography, Volume II, 1992–1996
22765:
22284:
Free at Last: A Documentary History of Slavery, Freedom, and the Civil War
19395:
The Sixteen Largest American Slaveholders from 1860 Slave Census Schedules
18087:
17522:
16866:
16824:
The Ragged Road to Abolition; Slavery and Freedom in New Jersey, 1775–1865
15616:
Balancing Evils Judiciously: The Proslavery Writings of Zephaniah Kingsley
15046:
14538:
12441:
11382:"THE EXCUSE OF PATERNALISM IN THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH: IDEOLOGY OR PRACTICE?"
10947:
pp. 1-3, 26, 74-5, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, 2020.
9999:
National Constitution Center – The 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution
9803:
by Peter H. Wood with permission from Oxford University Press. 1996, 2003.
7161: Abolition of slavery during or shortly after the American Revolution
7156:
Abolition of slavery in the various states of the United States over time:
6221:
on March 10, 1853, of 96 people who had previously been enslaved near the
4927:
Image marketing 18th-century tobacco produced by enslaved laborers in the
1089:
30353:
29391:
29371:
29034:
28976:
28800:
28765:
28760:
28755:
28750:
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27395:
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27030:
26985:
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26735:
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25743:
25487:
25435:
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25198:
25003:
24955:
24704:
24606:
24420:
24370:
24050:
23943:
23938:
23223:
23139:
Slavery and Slaving in World History: A Bibliography, Volume I, 1900–1991
22583:
22445:
22391:——, Collected Articles of Frederick Douglass, A Slave (Project Gutenberg)
21028:
20968:(4). Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture: 563–584.
20880:
20222:
19962:
Slavery, Law, and Politics: The Dred Scott Case in Historical Perspective
19333:
Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870
18567:
18407:
18367:
18075:
17918:
17784:
Wright, Gavin (2020). "Slavery and Anglo-American capitalism revisited".
17753:
17736:
17611:
16989:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 244–245.
16924:"La. voters keep 'slavery' at Angola prison, once and still a plantation"
16801:
15399:
14075:
13070:
They Were Her Property: White Women as Slave Owners in the American South
13012:
They Were Her Property: White Women as Slave Owners in the American South
12675:(50th Anniversary ed.), New York: International Publishers, p.
12229:
pp. 1–3, Bartholomew Green & John Allen, Boston, Massachusetts, 1700.
12043:
10685:
The Battle of Negro Fort. The rise and fall of a fugitive slave community
9927:
Africana: the encyclopedia of the African and African American experience
9537:
9484:
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas
7885:
7873:
7815:
7794:
7752:
7736:
7482:
7289:
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6988:
6405:
6316:
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4036:
4026:
3991:
3976:
3951:
3749:
3192:
2848:
2701:
2581:
2365:
1679:
1667:
1020:
823:
813:
771:
585:
22169:
22155:
22134:
22107:
21959:
Complicity: How the North Promoted, Prolonged, and Profited from Slavery
21952:
21913:
21486:
On Slavery's Border: Missouri's Small Slaveholding Households, 1815–1865
21469:
21464:
21410:
21397:
21319:
21314:
21271:
19668:
Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America
19218:
18458:
18249:
16741:
15470:
Transatlantic spectacles of race: the tragic mulatta and the tragic muse
12996:
12261:"The House Censured Rashida Tlaib for Political Speech Plain and Simple"
12022:
11945:
11381:
9896:
Weil, Julie Zauzmer; Blanco, Adrian; Dominguez, Leo (January 10, 2022).
7912:
6917:
5000:
4977:, watercolor attributed to John Rose, possibly painted 1785–1795 in the
4943:
4904:
For the related topic of indentured servitude in the United States, see
31736:
30611:
30373:
29574:
29569:
28988:
28840:
28810:
28519:
28438:
28418:
28225:
26930:
26915:
26885:
26880:
26629:
26597:
26436:
26404:
25968:
25917:
25853:
25580:
25455:
25368:
25352:
25260:
25009:
24303:
24251:
22683:
The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America
22270:
22069:. "American Historians and Antebellum Southern Slavery, 1959–1984", in
22036:
21938:
21878:
21866:
21370:
21365:
21284:
21238:
21225:
21053:
21000:
20981:
20954:
20941:
20834:
20034:
19641:
19063:
18257:
17579:
17462:
17417:
17271:
17223:
15998:
15911:
15523:
15497:
14857:
14716:
The Mark of Slavery: Disability, Race, and Gender in Antebellum America
14408:
13688:
13182:
13151:
13134:
A history of the descendants of the slaves of Cherokee can be found at
12644:
12410:
12007:
Nye, Russel B. (Summer 1946). "The Slave Power Conspiracy: 1830–1860".
10659:
The American Promise, Volume I: To 1877: A History of the United States
10410:
pp. 95, 300–303, 305, 308–310, Crown Publishing Group, New York, 2017.
9414:
7865:
7861:
7840:
7819:
7785:
7079:
7059:
6927:
graphic, advocating a confederation of slave states, with a quote from
6530:
seeking to buy slaves to resell in the lucrative the New Orleans market
6330:
5909:
5667:
cloth, which was traded for "prime negroes" in regions of Africa where
5104:
5005:
4243:
4233:
4218:
4174:
4142:
4091:
3961:
2297:
2036:
1832:
1124:
828:
695:
27266:
Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)
24187:
22703:
The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860
21442:
21437:
20866:
20813:
Cohen, William (1969). "Thomas Jefferson and the Problem of Slavery".
20650:
The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860
17797:
17707:
The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860
16850:
16650:
16211:
History of Education in India under the rule of the East India Company
14611:
Slaves Waiting for Sale: Abolitionist Art and the American Slave Trade
14147:
5722:
31000:
29183:
28998:
27544:
27390:
26895:
26679:
26617:
26512:
23388:
22610:
Emancipating New York: The politics of slavery and freedom, 1777–1827
21943:
Dirck, Brian. "Changing Perspectives on Lincoln, Race, and Slavery,"
21066:
Dark Bargain: Slavery, Profits, and the Struggle for the Constitution
20692:
Speculators and Slaves: Masters, Traders, and Slaves in the Old South
20626:
Encyclopedia of Emancipation and Abolition in the Transatlantic World
14087:
14079:
12980:
12736:
American Uprising: The Untold Story of America's Largest Slave Revolt
12309:
pp. 206, 208–209, 210, The Beacon Press, Boston, Massachusetts, 1947.
12102:
Emancipating New York: The politics of slavery and freedom, 1777-1827
12077:
Encyclopedia of Emancipation and Abolition in the Transatlantic World
11812:"Report on the Diseases and Physical Peculiarities of the Negro Race"
7032:
6486:
Narrative of the Life and Adventures of Henry Bibb, An American Slave
5664:
5660:
5532:
5510:
5191:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § 1812 1849
4455:
4450:
4440:
4263:
4253:
4169:
4158:
4031:
3522:
2863:
2596:
2375:
2202:
1072:
737:
599:
26191:
23305:
23259:
22502:
Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development
21631:
On the Threshold of Freedom: Masters and Slaves in Civil War Georgia
21357:
21217:
21167:
No Property in Man: Slavery and Antislavery at the Nation's Founding
20973:
20933:
20901:(2001). "The Founders and Slavery: Little Ventured, Little Gained".
20826:
17641:
Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development
17454:
15982:
15614:
Kingsley, Zephaniah Jr.; Stowell, Daniel W. (2000). "Introduction".
15515:
15211:
Sexuality and slavery: reclaiming intimate histories in the Americas
14849:
14392:
13304:"Interesting ante-bellum laws of the Cherokee, now Oklahoma history"
13174:
12636:
12426:"American Rum, African Consumers, and the Transatlantic Slave Trade"
12402:
11624:
9764:
Passionate Liberator. Theodore Dwight Weld and the Dilemma of Reform
9616:
Historiography of the United States § Slavery and black history
9522:
Historiography of the United States § Slavery and black history
5276:
One of the many defenses of American slavery was that the imagined "
754:
31005:
28017:
28012:
27522:
25735:
25419:
25377:
24874:
23377:
American Capitalism Is Brutal. You Can Trace That to the Plantation
23326:
23302:, audio interviews of former slaves, 1932–1975, Library of Congress
21918:
Campbell, Gwyn. "Children and slavery in the new world: A review",
21652:
American Slavery, American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia
21429:
20858:
20387:
The Black Presence in the Era of the American Revolution, 1770–1800
19942:
Slavery: A Problem in American Institutional and Intellectual Life.
18769:
18480:
18423:
18317:
Democracy in America: The Complete and Unabridged, Volumes I and II
17840:
17051:
16148:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. pp. 648–649.
13700:
12787:
12114:
J. D. B. DeBow, Superintendent of the United States Census (1854).
11770:
11768:
10355:
9827:
9825:
7748:
7209: Subsequent operation of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863
7139:
First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln
5981:
5429:" already, would allegedly have better lives if they were enslaved.
5290:
4460:
4278:
4162:
4154:
4130:
4125:
3864:
2908:
2833:
2826:
1662:
1220:
1164:
1116:
776:
621:
476:
382:
179:
from Virginia to Tennessee; freedmen leaving South Carolina on the
151:
27281:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
24490:
22900:
22541:
Slavery and the Founders: Race and Liberty in the Age of Jefferson
22223:. Oxford University Press, 1991. Primary sources with commentary.
21677:
Freedom by Degrees: Emancipation in Pennsylvania and Its Aftermath
21542:
Drift Toward Dissolution: The Virginia Slavery Debate of 1831–1832
21104:
Slavery and Its Consequences: The Constitution, Equality, and Race
20986:
20839:
20732:
The Sources of Antislavery Constitutionalism in America, 1760–1848
20065:
Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad
19999:
Without Consent or Contract: The Rise and Fall of American Slavery
16455:
The Slave Power: The Free North and Southern Domination, 1780–1860
16429:
The Dred Scott Case: Its Significance in American Law and Politics
16404:
The Dred Scott Case: Its Significance in American Law and Politics
15278:
The American Slave Coast: A History of the Slave-Breeding Industry
15132:"Characterizing the admixed African ancestry of African Americans"
14452:
13713:
6057:
based on a sketch made 1853 while visiting the United States with
5299:
4481:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
82:
29003:
28745:
28469:
28388:
28279:
26634:
25805:
22937:. Boston and New York: Mariner Books, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
22773:"Searching for Climax: Black Erotic Lives in Slavery and Freedom"
20871:
20580:
The Worlds of Unfree Labour: From Indentured Servitude to Slavery
19095:"Chapter V: Slave Population of the United States (through 1850)"
17737:"Slavery and the Rise of the Nineteenth-Century American Economy"
15573:
Birthing a Slave: Motherhood and Medicine in the Antebellum South
14071:
13696:
13624:
The Slave Trade. The Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade: 1440–1870
9681:
8201:
Total Slave Population in U.S., 1790–1860, by State and Territory
6289:, a 70-year-old physician, placed an unusually long and detailed
3889:
3884:
3859:
2996:
2302:
1645:
727:
407:
224:
28525:
25691:
Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States
22530:
21929:
Collins, Bruce. "Review: American Slavery and Its Consequences"
21588:
Cultivating Race: The Expansion of Slavery in Georgia, 1750–1860
20437:(1979), social history of how slavery ended in the Confederacy.
18234:(Summer 1987). "The Economic Revolution in the American South".
18111:"King Cotton; a historical and statistical review, 1790 to 1908"
15028:
13375:
Cultivating Race: The Expansion of Slavery in Georgia, 1750–1860
12593:
Rough Crossings: Britain, the Slaves and the American Revolution
12183:
12181:
11765:
11281:
10926:
Vol. I, p. 110, Tomas Nelson, Inc., Nashville, Tennessee, 2006.
10569:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 63.
9822:
7233: Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. constitution, 18 Dec 1865
7203: Emancipation Proclamation as originally issued, 1 Jan 1863
142:
31803:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
28971:
28256:
27468:
25767:
23365:
23352:
22327:——; Favreau, Marc; Miller, Steven F., eds. (1998).
21125:
A Necessary Evil?: Slavery and the Debate over the Constitution
20991:
Ransom, Roger L. "Was It Really All That Great to Be a Slave?"
15688:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. pp. 87–88.
15234:
Woodard, Vincent; Joyce, Justin A.; McBride, Dwight A. (2014).
15213:. Gender and slavery. Athens, Ga: University of Georgia Press.
10873:
10871:
10869:
10847:
10845:
10843:
10429:
Killing England: The Brutal Struggle for American Independence,
10133:. Williamsburg: Virginia Independence Bicentennial Commission.
9984:, Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press (2009), p. 80.
9556:
7869:
7215: Abolition of slavery by state action during the Civil War
7014:
Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War
6190:
5916:
5552:
2903:
1347:
1169:
749:
732:
594:
429:
397:
176:
25627:
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave
22839:
Naidu, S. (2020). "American slavery and labour market power."
22624:
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom
20673:
The Power to Die: Slavery and Suicide in British North America
20365:
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom
19882:
Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World
19690:
Slaves Without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South
19646:
Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves
17677:
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom
14437:. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press. p. 154.
10216:
pp. 105–106, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
10036:
Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves
9835:
Slavery and Plantation Growth in Antebellum Florida, 1821–1860
7493: (equivalent to $ 35,215 in 2023) (Charles J. Montgomery,
6257:
Enslaved women's resistance in the United States and Caribbean
6064:
5152:
also depicts a man believed to be Washington's enslaved valet
111:
28684:
27280:
23807:
Slave labor on United States military installations 1799–1863
23300:"Voices Remembering Slavery: Freed People Tell Their Stories"
23061:
22979:
22250:
Amazing Grace: An Anthology of Poems About Slavery, 1660–1810
21896:. "Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery",
19918:
Death or Liberty: African Americans and Revolutionary America
19737:
The American Crucible: Slavery, Emancipation and Human Rights
19008:, p. 29. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina, 1998.
17961:
17939:
16495:
The Impending Crisis: America Before the Civil War, 1848–1861
15336:"America's Breeding Farms: What History Books Never Told You"
14501:"The Realities of Slavery: To the Editor of the N.Y. Tribune"
13014:. New Haven London: Yale University Press. pp. 37, 134.
12178:
12062:
The First Emancipation: The Abolition of Slavery in the North
10897:
10895:
7740:
7600:
Slaves trafficked to the British colonies and United States:
5718:
Slavery in the colonial United States § Slave rebellions
5201:
Slave labor on United States military installations 1799–1863
4480:
2676:
604:
590:
565:
29525:
24754:
Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park
22527:
Chained to History: Slavery and US Foreign Relations to 1865
20367:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
20203:
Water from the Rock: Black Resistance in a Revolutionary Age
19670:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
19648:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
19047:"The Cartography of Slavery and the Authority of Statistics"
17861:
14090:
had fallen to just 10% of the national total. Berlin p. 166.
14007:"A Glimpse Into the Life of a Slave Sold to Save Georgetown"
13072:. New Haven London: Yale University Press. pp. xv–xvi.
12042:. Authentic narrative of James Williams, an American slave.
10866:
10840:
10567:
Water From the Rock: Black Resistance in a Revolutionary Age
10292:
Major General Israel Putnam: Hero of the American Revolution
9838:. Gainesville: University of Florida Press. pp. 44–46.
5999:
3700:
Population history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
28993:
28983:
27325:
23330:
22026:
Southern Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal of the South
21987:
Deliver Us from Evil. The Slavery Question in the Old South
17328:
17326:
16014:"Pray with Our Lady of Stono to heal the wounds of slavery"
13483:
The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas
12711:
12461:
12459:
11317:
Deliver Us from Evil: The Slavery Question in the Old South
8198:
7926:
7503:
6239:
Sexual abuse, reproductive exploitation, and breeding farms
2706:
471:
301:
20682:
The Peculiar Institution: Slavery in the Ante-Bellum South
20508:
American Negro Slavery and Abolition: A Sociological Study
20500:, Merril D. Smith (Ed.), Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004.
20043:
Forever Free: The Story of Emancipation and Reconstruction
20014:
Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery
18150:
Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery
15260:
Slavery and Rice Culture in Low Country Georgia, 1750-1860
14777:
Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery
14774:
14236:. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press. pp.
11790:
Look Away!: A History of the Confederate States of America
10892:
5183:
List of court cases in the United States involving slavery
5053:
23089:
Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself
22221:
The House of Bondage Or Charlotte Brooks and Other Slaves
20446:
North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790–1860
19712:
Slavery and Freedom in the Age of the American Revolution
16173:
16108:
16106:
16104:
16102:
15128:
15077:
14694:
Black Saga: The African American Experience: A Chronology
14123:
Language, Discourse and Power in African American Culture
13948:
12205:"Massachusetts Constitution and the Abolition of Slavery"
11750:
11716:
10881:
pp. 11, 13, 29–30, Simon & Schuster, New York, 2019.
9930:. Internet Archive. New York : Basic Civitas Books.
6479:
Allegorical liberation of a slave entering a free state,
5672:
5592:
4990:
Slaves and free blacks who supported the Continental Army
42:"Peculiar institution" redirects here. For the book, see
28919:
Plantation agriculture in the Southeastern United States
25603:
The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano
23220:
Calls and Responses: The American Novel of Slavery Since
22047:
Unfinished Business: Racial Equality in American History
22031:
King, Richard H. "Review: Marxism and the Slave South",
20602:
Slavery in the Structure of American Politics, 1765–1820
19824:
Slavery and the Constitution. Both Sides of the Question
18941:
17323:
16442:
The Liberty Line: The Legend of the Underground Railroad
15238:. Sexual cultures. New York: New York University Press.
13232:
Slavery and the Evolution of Cherokee Society, 1540–1866
12456:
11674:
The California Gold Rush and the Coming of the Civil War
10345:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. p. 205.
9626:
Lists of United States public officials who owned slaves
7524:
Soils of the cotton-growing regions of the United States
7227: Operation of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1865
7221: Operation of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1864
7197: Abolition of slavery by Congressional action, 1862
7191: Abolition of slavery by Congressional action, 1861
5819:
22857:(1995). "The Archaeology of Slavery in North America".
22771:
Lindsey, Treva B.; Johnson, Jessica Marie (Fall 2014).
22086:
Labor: Studies in Working Class History of the Americas
22079:
A Master's Due: Essays in Honor of David Herbert Donald
19598:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
19311:
18445:
17369:
17367:
17192:
17190:
16593:
Lincoln's letter to O. H. Browning, September 22, 1861.
16240:. Richmond: William F. Ritchie. 1849. pp. 747–748.
15736:
National Museum of African-American History and Culture
15549:
Finding Florida. The True History of the Sunshine State
10780:"Interview with Gordon Wood on the American Revolution"
10294:, p. 98, McFarland & Company, Inc., Jefferson, NC.
10079:"South Carolina - African-Americans - Slave Population"
6540:
A Ride for Liberty – The Fugitive Slaves
5695:
Andrew Jackson and the slave trade in the United States
22359:. Atlanta, GA: Frederick Douglass Family Initiatives.
22028:, Fall/Winter 2006, Vol. 13, Issue 3/4, pp. 29–44
20770:, Washington, D.C.: University Press of America, 1978.
20181:
The Road to Disunion, Volume II: Secessionists Triumph
17940:
Alan L. Olmstead; Paul W. Rhode (September 12, 2016).
17128:
Bellani, Luna; Hager, Anselm; Maurer, Stephan (2022).
16386:
Dred Scott v. Sandford: A Brief History with Documents
16121:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. p. 447.
16099:
16046:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. p. 446.
15969:
Gomez, Michael A. (1994). "Muslims in Early America".
15275:
Sublette, Ned; Sublette, Constance (October 1, 2015).
14034:"Georgetown Students Agree to Create Reparations Fund"
13533:
12835:
12833:
12831:
12829:
12526:(Kindle ed.). London: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd.
12046:
coordinated the publication. Boston: Published by the
11984:"Abraham Lincoln and the Fruitage of his Proclamation"
9646:
Slave narrative § North American slave narratives
6448:
Education during the slave period in the United States
5632:
5544:
proved to be crucial to the outcome of the Civil War (
5454:
African American founding fathers of the United States
3895:
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
23372:
1850: New Orleans woman and child she held in slavery
21544:. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press.
21344:(February 1972). "The Founding Fathers and Slavery".
20087:
The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery
19714:. Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia.
18143:
18141:
18139:
17238:
16093:
History of Salem Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan
13446:
12566:
The Slaves' Gamble: Choosing Sides in the War of 1812
12242:, pp. 132–133, Simon & Schuster, New York, 2001.
11625:"Mapping the slave trade in Richmond and New Orleans"
11417:
11319:, Oxford University PressNew York, pp. 143–172,
11255:
Soul by Soul: Life Inside the Antebellum Slave Market
10431:
pp. 96, 308, Henry Holt and Company, New York, 2017.
10343:
The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery
10270:
pp. 3-8, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, New York, 1992.
10249:
pp. 221-4, Vintage Books, New York, New York, 1992.
7544:
6164:, formerly enslaved on a cotton plantation along the
4944:
Slavery in the American Revolution and early republic
23777:
Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
22908:
Andrews, William L.; Mason, Regina E., eds. (2008).
22176:
Early American Studies, An Interdisciplinary Journal
21722:
Slavery in Florida: Territorial Days to Emancipation
21246:"Voting on Slavery at the Constitutional Convention"
20640:
The Overseer: Plantation Management in the Old South
20159:
The Road to Disunion, Volume I: Secessionists at Bay
19529:
Negro Slave Revolts in the United States (1526–1860)
19179:
18756:"Cotton, Slavery, and the New History of Capitalism"
18147:
18076:"Jim Crow and Black Economic Progress After Slavery"
17942:"Cotton, Slavery, and the New History of Capitalism"
17364:
17187:
15575:. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 10–11.
13473:
9861:
The Florida Negro. A Federal Writers' Project Legacy
9659:
Slavery and Slaving in World History: A Bibliography
9552:
9481:
7 states that seceded before Lincoln's inauguration
6493:
6026:
Bibliography of the slave trade in the United States
5890:
Post-1808 importation of slaves to the United States
5076:
4878:
Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
1602:
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
29:
Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
22660:(Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press).
20883:. "Review: Slavery: The Progressive Institution?",
20558:
The Ruling Race: A History of American Slaveholders
20536:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
20457:
Slavery and Politics in the Early American Republic
20435:
Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery
19978:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
19976:
An Imperfect Union: Slavery, Federalism, and Comity
19516:
19476:. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing. p. 39.
19164:"Mormons Created And Then Abandoned San Bernardino"
17469:
17027:
16570:
Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery
16349:. Brigham H. Young, Printers. 1866. pp. 87–88.
15948:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 347.
15233:
15041:(1). National Institutes of Health (NIH): 249–259.
14881:"Nat Turner's Skull and My Student's Purse of Skin"
14789:
Project 2001: Significant Works in Economic History
14754:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 172.
14377:"Frederic Bancroft, Slave-Trading in the Old South"
14082:grew half the nation's cotton; by 1859, along with
12826:
11572:
Remembering the Memphis Massacre: An American Story
11276:. Boston: J. P. Jewett & Co. pp. 291–292.
11149:"The large Irish enslavers of antebellum Louisiana"
10977:Mason, Matthew (2006). "Slavery and the Founding".
10905:pp. 132–133, Simon & Schuster, New York, 2001.
10643:
The Hidden History of Guns and the Second Amendment
10214:
Moral Capital: Foundations of British Abolitionism,
9895:
9636:
Reparations for slavery debate in the United States
7516:, 1853. On display at the British Museum in London.
5712:
Slave rebellion and resistance in the United States
5343:Slave shackle found while digging in a property on
5280:" of planters was beneficial or necessary (Detail,
4882:
Slavery among Native Americans in the United States
3499:
Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers
28949:Plantation complexes in the Southern United States
26171:Amazing Grace: An Anthology of Poems about Slavery
24771:Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center
23792:Slave markets and slave jails in the United States
23323:, summaries and documents; focus on United States
23212:
23142:. Millwood, NY: Kraus International Publications.
23030:
22882:"The First Abolition Society in the United States"
21483:
21459:(3). The Johns Hopkins University Press: 543–577.
21384:(3). American Society for Legal History: 531–558.
21243:
19485:
19483:
18368:"American Incomes Before and After the Revolution"
18275:
18136:
17127:
16676:
16470:Abraham Lincoln and the Second American Revolution
16095:. Salem Area Historical Society. 1976. p. 56.
15915:
15878:. University Press of Florida. pp. 207–239 .
15785:
15658:
14229:
14032:
14005:
13970:
13621:
13552:
13260:
12733:
12698:
11788:Davis, William C. (2002). "Men but Not Brothers".
11623:
7115:Slave states and free states § End of slavery
6233:
6016:Slave markets and slave jails in the United States
5390:, an aspirational empire for American slave owners
5256:Plantation complexes in the Southern United States
24782:The Railroad to Freedom: A Story of the Civil War
22658:Slavery and Servitude in North America, 1607–1800
22305:——; Rowland, Leslie S., eds. (1997).
18401:
18361:
17827:Clegg, John J. (2015). "Capitalism and Slavery".
17683:. pp. 86–87 (credit backed by slave labor).
16620:"The Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, 1862"
15901:The Library of Congress. Retrieved July 19, 2008.
15209:Berry, Daina Ramey; Harris, Leslie Maria (2018).
13881:Curry, Richard O.; Cowden, Joanna Dunlop (1972).
12763:"The slave rebellion the country tried to forget"
12665:
11928:The Slave Power Conspiracy and the Paranoid Style
11702:
11700:
11698:
10129:Smith, Howard W. (1978). Riley, Edward M. (ed.).
7397:Public apologies for slavery in the United States
5422:.) This was described as "well underway" by 1858.
31857:
31489:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
29045:Slave health on plantations in the United States
27316:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
24530:British Methodist Episcopal Church, Salem Chapel
24056:Movement to reopen the transatlantic slave trade
23441:
23368:has information on almost 36,000 slaving voyages
21177:. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
20920:(October 1963). "On Turner, Beard and Slavery".
20720:Negro Population in the United States, 1790–1915
18508:The Freedom-of-Thought Struggle in the Old South
18073:
16786:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
15587:Blood at the Root. A Racial Cleansing in America
15274:
14977:
14975:
14973:
14908:. Philadelphia News. The Mercury. March 17, 1888
13480:Trigger, Bruce G.; Washburn, Wilcomb E. (1996).
13452:
13158:
12967:Cathey, Clyde W. (1944). "Slavery in Arkansas".
12517:
12515:
12286:Puritan Spirits in the Abolitionist Imagination,
11736:
11734:
11137:, January 25, 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2012.
10945:Puritan Spirits in the Abolitionist Imagination,
10583:Revolutionary Virginia, the Road to Independence
7264:
6145:Slave health on plantations in the United States
5987:a large portion of the yeomanry of this country!
5894:Movement to reopen the transatlantic slave trade
5377:
5177:History of slavery in the United States by state
4830:List of Indian reservations in the United States
1717:13th Amendment to the United States Constitution
31891:Race-related controversies in the United States
27361:Black players in professional American football
27311:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
26125:List of last surviving American enslaved people
23845:Slavery as a positive good in the United States
22901:Oral histories and autobiographies of ex-slaves
21979:The Slavery Debates, 1952–1990: A Retrospective
21244:Dougherty, Keith L.; Heckelman, Jac C. (2008).
21046:
19480:
16986:The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935
16519:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2021, p. 342.
16365:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
15613:
14603:
14601:
14086:, they grew 78%. By 1859, cotton growth in the
13772:. University Press of Florida. pp. 42–70.
13479:
11608:. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 316.
11013:The American Past: A Survey of American History
10823:
10450:"African Americans and the American Revolution"
10408:Scars of Independence: America's Violent Birth,
10318:The Colored Patriots of the American Revolution
9540:, 500–506 Chartres, New Orleans (Richard Koch,
9413:Enumerating slave schedules by county, 393,975
9399:
7082:of a formerly enslaved family, photographed by
6460:
6349:The inscription on the back of the case reads:
5872:
5306:Slavery as a positive good in the United States
31313:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
29050:Treatment of the enslaved in the United States
25715:Barracoon: The Story of the Last "Black Cargo"
24759:Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad State Park
22887:Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
22754:Capitalism: A Journal of History and Economics
22143:Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2015.
21815:A Moral Debt: The Legacy of Slavery in the USA
21598:Slavery in the South: A State-By-State History
20795:Cotton: The Biography of a Revolutionary Fiber
20633:Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion
20582:. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company.
19710:——; Hoffman, Ronald, eds. (1983).
19468:
19300:California Native American Heritage Commission
19044:
18306:
18174:"The Structure of Slave prices in New Orleans"
17634:
15463:
15461:
15459:
15457:
15455:
14614:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 129–.
13544:
13405:. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. p. 160.
12156:Miller, Randall M.; Smith, John David (1997).
11842:"Diseases and Peculiarities of the Negro Race"
11695:
11423:
11088:, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2021, p. 67.
10586:. University of Virginia Press. p. xxiv.
9951:Introduction – Social Aspects of the Civil War
9863:. University Press of Mississippi. p. 7.
9801:Strange New Land: Africans in Colonial America
9682:Histories of slavery in the Western Hemisphere
9495:Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
7109:End of slavery in the United States of America
6921:Modification by G. W. Falen of Ben Franklin's
6452:Education of freed people during the Civil War
6100:Museum of African American History and Culture
5397:sought to reopen the transatlantic slave trade
5227:
5166:
4506:The International Indian Treaty Council (IITC)
2226:Education of freed people during the Civil War
29199:
28904:
28241:
26207:
24890:
24319:
23812:Slavery at American colleges and universities
23427:
23403:
23389:The Bibliography of Slavery and World Slaving
22415:The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography
20240:Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made
20205:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
20007:
19709:
19231:
19175:
19173:
18753:
18530:Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made
16170:"Abolition and the Splintering of the Church"
15857:Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made
15310:"Childbirth and Midwifery | Encyclopedia.com"
15122:
14970:
13527:
13378:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 132.
13365:
13197:. Archived from the original on July 20, 2007
13031:
12908:
12512:
12341:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2011.
11776:Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia: A Biography
11731:
10727:. Duke University School of Law. p. 116.
10131:Benjamin Harrison and the American Revolution
9995:"The 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution"
9665:Slavery at American colleges and universities
9536:"Window grating of old slave prison cell" at
7678:
7123:Compensated emancipation in the United States
6898:
6558:
5205:Slavery at American colleges and universities
4852:
4825:List of federally recognized tribes by state
3597:
1928:
1806:List of slavery-related memorials and museums
160:Whipping a slave (wood-engraving made 1834);
31896:Political controversies in the United States
27074:Historically black colleges and universities
24741:National Underground Railroad Freedom Center
23797:Kidnapping into slavery in the United States
23238:Slavery and Race in American Popular Culture
23179:
22907:
21845:
21654:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.
20706:Slave and Citizen, the Negro in the Americas
19908:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
19590:
19512:Bibliography of slavery in the United States
19498:Kolchin pp. 137–143. Horton and Horton p. 9.
19369:General Lee's Army: From Victory to Collapse
19288:"Short Overview of California Indian History
19116:"Population of Slaves in 1860: Introduction"
17703:
17507:
16397:
16060:
15435:"D'Iberville/St. Martin Chamber of Commerce"
15433:Commerce, D'Iberville/St Martin Chamber of.
15013:
14598:
13588:. Vol. 18, no. 3. pp. 51–55.
13432:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 25.
13067:
13009:
12844:. London: Seagull Edition. pp. 406–407.
12500:. Vol. 18, no. 3. pp. 51–55.
12199:
12197:
11569:
10804:
10798:
10151:
9924:Appiah, Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis (1999).
9528:Bibliography of slavery in the United States
7919:(1861) created by Edwin Hergesheimer of the
7285:History of civil rights in the United States
7281:History of unfree labor in the United States
7039:
6020:Kidnapping into slavery in the United States
5883:
5433:
4886:History of unfree labor in the United States
2237:Historically black colleges and universities
1722:Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom
31881:1865 disestablishments in the United States
24277:Family reunification ads after emancipation
22777:Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism
21128:. Madison, WI: Madison House. p. 256.
20928:(4). University of Chicago Press: 235–250.
20389:. Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society.
20304:. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers.
20128:
19414:
19412:
19410:
19390:
19388:
16214:. Calcutta: Modern Review Office. pp.
16119:Christianity: A Social and Cultural History
16044:Christianity: A Social and Cultural History
16018:U.S. Catholic magazine – Faith in Real Life
15491:
15489:
15452:
15208:
14232:The Agrarian Origins of American Capitalism
13924:. December 10, 1836. p. 2 – via
13880:
13610:, Univ of South Carolina Press, 2004, p. 86
13540:. Oklahoma Historical Society. p. 522.
13500:
13486:. Cambridge University Press. p. 525.
13459:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 348–349.
13419:
12780:
12708:The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross
12164:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 471.
12155:
11451:"Robert E. Lee's opinion regarding slavery"
10340:
10105:"City of Brick: Bricks and Early Baltimore"
9923:
9693:Slavery in the British and French Caribbean
7581:
7129:Family reunification ads after emancipation
7086:on J. J. Smith's confiscated plantation at
6396:Marriage of enslaved people (United States)
6040:Slaves Waiting for Sale: Richmond, Virginia
5405:from the Caribbean and Africa, such as the
2221:Education during the slave period in the US
31966:Political compromises in the United States
31911:Economic history of the American Civil War
29206:
29192:
28911:
28897:
28288:A House Divided: Denmark Vesey's Rebellion
28248:
28234:
26214:
26200:
24897:
24883:
24326:
24312:
23990:Slavery and the United States Constitution
23434:
23420:
23310:University of North Carolina at Greensboro
22952:Rambles of a Runaway from Southern Slavery
21957:Farrow, Anne; Lang, Joel; Frank, Jenifer.
21883:Boles, John B. and Evelyn T. Nolen, eds.,
21707:University of North Carolina Press, 1992.
21610:University of North Carolina Press, 1986.
21476:
21172:
20700:
20033:
19556:Race, Equality, and the Burdens of History
19371:. New York: Free Press. pp. 20, 474.
19170:
18754:Olmstead, Alan L.; Rhode, Paul W. (2018).
18643:Race and Slavery in the Western Hemisphere
17519:Historical Statistics of the United States
16820:The Civil War and Readjustment in Kentucky
16659:
16145:A Religious History of the American People
15827:Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association
15618:. University Press of Florida. p. 2.
15542:
15540:
15467:
15439:D'Iberville/St. Martin Chamber of Commerce
15071:
12578:
12576:
12574:
11958:
11886:. October 22, 1859. p. 1 – via
11836:
11830:
11806:
11594:
11119:
11117:
11115:
10617:"George Washington's Runaway Slave, Harry"
10502:"Black Loyalists in British North America"
10286:
10284:
10268:The Radicalism of the American Revolution,
10155:The Reader's Companion to American History
10048:
9917:
9889:
7456:"Weighing cotton after the day's picking"
6905:
6891:
6012:List of slave traders of the United States
5562:Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature
5481:Some 19th-century American abolitionists:
5118:
5083:Slavery and the United States Constitution
4954:Slavery and the United States Constitution
4950:African Americans in the Revolutionary War
4859:
4845:
3604:
3590:
2544:National Black Caucus of State Legislators
1935:
1921:
31871:Pre-emancipation African-American history
28465:Gullah/Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor
27291:National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)
26139:Cotton Plantation Record and Account Book
23203:vol. 14, Jan. 1943, pp. 427–430. London:
22910:Life of William Grimes, the Runaway Slave
22727:(Chicago: University of Illinois Press).
22346:. Louisiana State University Press, 1977.
21715:Slaves and Freemen in Civil War Louisiana
21539:
21447:
21340:
21324:
21289:
21261:
21169:(2nd ed. Harvard University Press, 2019).
20897:
20341:Horton, James Oliver and Horton, Lois E.
20178:
20153:
19970:
19891:The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture
19862:. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
19805:: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South
19756:
19731:
19366:
19269:Blacks in Utah History: An Unknown Legacy
19062:
18981:
18938:Includes 10,000 to Louisiana before 1803.
18738:
18479:
18422:
18171:
18042:
17752:
17561:
17399:
17286:
17145:
17041:
16822:(1926), pp. 268–270; James J. Gigantino,
16607:Abraham Lincoln: The Man Behind the Myths
16466:
15876:The African Ameritage Heritage of Florida
15353:
15157:
15147:
15105:
15095:
15054:
14926:
14692:Christian, Charles M., and Bennet, Sari,
14498:
13941:"A Visit to the Real 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'"
13876:
13874:
13792:
13652:
13583:
13510:Westward Expansion in America (1803–1860)
13453:Deloria, Philip; Salisbury, Neal (2008).
13234:. University of Tennessee Press. p.
13223:
13038:McDonald, Soraya Nadia (March 15, 2019).
12731:
12495:
12194:
12073:
11353:
11325:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195118094.003.0006
11260:
11227:
10720:
10645:. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. p. 48.
9858:
9688:Slavery in the Spanish New World colonies
7907:
6000:Domestic slave trade and forced migration
5602:(1852), an influential abolitionist novel
5596:Simon Legree and Uncle Tom: a scene from
4815:Native American Medal of Honor recipients
3755:Cultural assimilation of Native Americans
2000:Slavery in the colonial history of the US
31951:Social history of the American Civil War
31876:1776 establishments in the United States
29402:Treatment of slaves in the United States
28255:
26120:Treatment of slaves in the United States
25894:Ama: A Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade
25208:(1766 Saint-Dominque – June 30, 1853 NY)
24625:Ann Maria Jackson and her seven children
24333:
24080:Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution
22676:
22565:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
22529:(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
22349:
22252:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
22202:The Debate on the American Civil War Era
21808:; 52 minutes DVD; on slavery in Missouri
21774:, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1914.
21086:Drake, Charles E. (September 17, 1862).
20903:Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities
20752:
20735:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
20599:
20476:The Complete History of American Slavery
20112:Runaway Slaves: Rebels on the Plantation
19900:
19855:
19838:. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
19833:
19821:
19558:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
19538:
19523:
19407:
19385:
19305:
18524:
18205:
18074:Althoff, Lukas; Reichardt, Hugo (2024).
17900:
17292:
17080:
16982:
16921:
16897:"Convict Labor in Georgia and Tennessee"
16683:. University Press of Kentucky. p.
16639:, by Sr. Anne Francis Pulling, 2001, 10.
16473:. Oxford University Press. p. 134.
16141:
16011:
15922:. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall.
15851:
15708:
15653:
15638:
15584:
15486:
14927:Plaisance, Patrick (September 2, 1998).
14648:A History of American Law: Third Edition
14595:, New York: Scholastic Inc., 1999, p. 8.
14593:Scholastic Encyclopedia of the Civil War
14357:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press.
14227:
13797:(Revised 4th ed.). Adam Wasserman.
13786:
13770:The African American Heritage of Florida
13761:
13628:. New York: Simon and Schuster. p.
13559:. University of Oklahoma Press. p.
13371:
13252:
13037:
12854:
12388:
12344:
12035:
12029:
11926:Rabun, James (October 1970). "Review of
11816:New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal
11670:
11455:Shotgun's Home of the American Civil War
10714:
10640:
10579:
9813:
9531:
9403:
8190:
8175:"Distribution of Slaves in U.S. History"
7911:
7585:
7565:
7548:
7529:
7519:
7507:
7504:Effects on Southern economic development
7472:
7451:
7430:
7405:
7375:
7346:
7331:
7288:
7243:
7151:
7132:
7073:
7049:
7027:
6938:
6916:
6533:
6517:
6514:1860 United States presidential election
6474:
6413:
6372:
6344:
6281:
6260:
6204:
6189:
6156:
6135:Treatment of slaves in the United States
6105:
6094:Broadside for an 1858 slave sale at the
6089:
6071:
6068:Movement of slaves between 1790 and 1860
6063:
6033:
5980:
5949:
5935:
5897:
5840:
5823:
5808:1842 Slave Revolt in the Cherokee Nation
5721:
5689:
5642:
5617:
5614:routes, as mapped by a historian of 1898
5605:
5591:
5567:
5551:
5531:
5476:
5381:
5354:
5338:
5321:
5271:
5268:List of plantations in the United States
5208:
5138:
5092:
5063:
5036:
4999:
4983:Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum
4967:
4934:
4922:
4121:Post 1887 Apache Wars period (1887–1924)
1727:Abolition of slave trade in Persian gulf
1592:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery
1572:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
31145:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
29317:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
23782:Indentured servitude in British America
23366:The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database
23185:
23103:God Struck Me Dead: Voices of Ex-Slaves
22686:. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
22353:(2017) . Morris, Kenneth B. Jr. (ed.).
22041:
22035:29 (1977), 117–131. focus on Genovese.
21900:, December 2009, Vol. 114, Issue 5, pp.
21838:Gannon is a descendant of Robert E. Lee
21717:Louisiana State University Press, 1976.
21424:(4). Oxford University Press: 466–498.
21375:
20844:
20694:, University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.
20604:. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
20534:Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619–1860
20448:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
20443:
20406:
20359:
20067:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
19915:
19615:
19565:
19213:(MA thesis). Brigham Young University.
19135:
18888:
18886:
18677:(2005). "The Real History of Slavery".
18598:(2005). "The Real History of Slavery".
17671:
17600:
17535:
17479:(2005). "The Real History of Slavery".
17432:
17373:
17336:(2005). "The Real History of Slavery".
17244:
17196:
16922:Brockell, Gillian (November 10, 2022).
16848:
16648:
16563:
16066:
15945:Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619–1860
15824:
15709:Natanson, Hannah (September 14, 2019).
15686:A History of Florida through Black Eyes
15643:, PhD dissertation, New York University
15537:
15495:
15422:. Cambridge, Massachusetts. p. 44.
15412:
15378:
15359:
15204:
15202:
14751:Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619–1860
14607:
14561:
14536:
14363:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199227990.013.0029
14115:
14113:
14111:
14109:
13706:
13259:Katz, William Loren (January 3, 2012).
12620:
12571:
12521:
12135:
12116:"Slave Population of the United States"
11706:
11618:
11112:
10737:
10711:, New York: Hill and Wang, 1994, p. 73.
10687:. New York: New York University Press.
10514:
10281:
9877:
9506:Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri
7447:
6522:1853 advertisement by the slave trader
6442:Anti-literacy laws in the United States
6435:
5054:Early abolitionism in the United States
4906:Indentured servitude in British America
14:
31886:African-American-related controversies
31858:
31130:Modern display of the Confederate flag
29213:
28190:Topics related to the African diaspora
27296:National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
26057:Frederick Douglass and the White Negro
25878:Queen: The Story of an American Family
25798:Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp
24600:Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp
23192:American Notes for General Circulation
22841:Economic History of Developing Regions
22405:Slavery in America: a reader and guide
22244:
22193:, September 2007, Vol. 8, Issue 3, pp.
22102:, September 2009, Vol. 96 Issue 2, pp.
21764:. Louisiana Historical Society, 1963.
21646:
21596:Jewett, Clayton E. and John O. Allen;
21590:, University Press of Kentucky, 2012.
21561:
20959:
20728:
20574:
20531:
20473:
20384:
20299:
20016:. New York: W.W. Norton Company, Inc.
19687:
19665:
19640:
19550:
19543:. New York: Columbia University Press.
19418:
19136:Johnson, Jason B. (January 27, 2007).
19017:
18947:
18673:
18632:
18594:
18556:
18270:
18230:
17783:
17734:
17667:
17665:
17475:
17438:
17332:
17023:
17021:
16794:
16292:
16012:Costello, Damian (September 1, 2020).
15962:
15941:
15783:
15732:"Clary and the Fancy Girl Trade, 1806"
15546:
15384:
15333:
15084:The American Journal of Human Genetics
14953:Who Is Black?: One Nation's Definition
14835:
14800:
14747:
14350:
14346:
14344:
14119:
14030:
14003:
13968:
13938:
13871:
13811:
13619:
13550:
13506:
13456:A Companion to American Indian History
13425:
13398:
13301:
13229:
13097:
13095:
13093:
12966:
12582:
12423:
11978:
11474:
11311:Ford, Lacy K. Jr. (November 1, 2009),
11193:
11086:Salmon P. Chase: Lincoln's Vital Rival
10682:
10676:
10611:
10609:
10607:
10605:
10603:
10152:Foner, Eric; Garraty, John A. (2014).
10012:
9884:Chronology of U.S. Coast Guard history
7573:postcard: "The Old Slave Block in the
7146:(U.S. Senate Collection 33.00005.000)
6987:("Confederate chieftans" engraving by
6201:, Metropolitan Museum of Art 2019.521)
6141:Torture of slaves in the United States
5836:
5548:artist, 3¢ stamp issued July 13, 1937)
5386:Dark green indicates the reach of the
5291:American slavery as "a necessary evil"
5111:who had escaped from the household of
5103:, May 24, 1796, seeking the return of
33:Human trafficking in the United States
31916:Economic history of the United States
31906:Cultural history of the United States
31348:
30737:
30301:
29524:
29327:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
29225:
29187:
28892:
28229:
28170:Landmark African-American legislation
26221:
26195:
25830:Roots: The Saga of an American Family
25659:Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
25095:(c. 1745 Nigeria – 31 March 1797 Eng)
24878:
24307:
24222:Slavery during the American Civil War
24035:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves
23415:
23402:
22735:
22700:
22049:. New York: Oxford University Press.
21947:, October 2007, Vol. 21, Issue 4, pp.
21859:, January 2006, Vol. 20, Issue 1, pp.
21724:, University Press of Florida, 2000.
21679:. New York: Oxford University Press.
21510:. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc.
21418:The American Journal of Legal History
21415:
21352:(1). Oxford University Press: 81–93.
21301:(2). Oxford University Press: 14–18.
21203:
21196:
21156:(University of Chicago Press, 2019).
21085:
20847:The American Journal of Legal History
20812:
20655:
20496:Moon, Dannell, "Slavery", article in
20274:. New York: Oxford University Press.
20183:. New York: Oxford University Press.
20161:. New York: Oxford University Press.
20084:
20062:
19920:. New York: Oxford University Press.
19888:
19531:. New York: International Publishers.
19206:
19161:
18892:
18856:
18823:
18790:
18502:
18024:
17990:
17826:
17003:
16674:
16444:(University Press of Kentucky, 2013).
16407:. New York: Oxford University Press.
16201:
16115:"Christianity and Culture in America"
16112:
16040:"Christianity and Culture in America"
16037:
15968:
15910:
15873:
15755:
15702:
14949:
14878:
14668:Slave executions in the United States
14562:Collins, Kathleen (January 9, 1985).
13817:
13747:. Duke University Press. p. 45.
13336:
13188:
13135:
12855:Williams, Jennie K. (April 2, 2020).
12839:
12760:
12123:Statistical View of the United States
11925:
11900:
11787:
11677:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p.
11534:
11397:
11266:
11249:
11247:
11146:
11024:
10976:
10656:Roark, James L.; et al. (2008).
10655:
10128:
9886:on the USCG official history website.
9831:
9761:
7371:
7254:Emancipation: The Past and the Future
7119:Emancipation Day § United States
7054:Contrabands accompanying the line of
6995:
6877:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
6565:Slavery during the American Civil War
6357:U.S. Marshall of the Dist. of Florida
6030:Family separation in American slavery
5958:shows colonial settlements including
5861:
5820:Post-revolution Southern manumissions
5639:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves
5546:U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing
5300:American slavery as "a positive good"
5135:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves
4491:National Congress of American Indians
4406:American Indian Religious Freedom Act
3695:European colonization of the Americas
2742:Athletic associations and conferences
2231:History of African-American education
1614:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention
1291:Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea
35:. For modern legal forced labor, see
31961:White supremacy in the United States
28638:Timeline of African-American history
27301:National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC)
25675:Life and Times of Frederick Douglass
25170:(1783 England – 1821 United States)
24904:
23285:Slavery in America: A Resource Guide
23252:
22407:(University of Georgia Press, 2005.)
22240:. Cincinnati: Moore, Wilstach, Keys.
22150:, August 2007, Vol. 73, Issue 3, pp.
22098:"Lincoln, Slavery, and the Nation,"
22017:, January 2008, Vol. 29 Issue 1, pp.
21984:
21922:, August 2006, Vol. 27, Issue 2, pp.
21754:University Press of Virginia, 1999.
21671:
21505:
20916:
20773:
20675:, University of Chicago Press, 2015.
20200:
19242:Mormonism: A Historical Encyclopedia
18901:. Rutgers University Press. p.
18883:
18865:. Rutgers University Press. p.
18832:. Rutgers University Press. p.
18799:. Rutgers University Press. p.
18711:
18237:The Journal of Economic Perspectives
18152:. New York: W.W. Norton and Company.
17984:
17087:British Journal of Political Science
17012:George Eastman: The Kodak Camera Man
17009:
15683:
15468:Manganelli, Kimberly Snyder (2012).
15432:
15334:Spivey, William (January 23, 2023).
15199:
15180:
14674:, vol. 36, issue 1 (1999), pp. 1–31.
14530:
14492:
14106:
14047:from the original on April 12, 2019.
14020:from the original on March 12, 2017.
14004:Swarns, Rachel L. (March 12, 2017).
13969:Swarns, Rachel (February 14, 2018).
13883:Slavery in America: Theodore Weld's
13767:
13740:
13734:
13672:
13258:
13112:10.1093/acref/9780195167771.001.0001
12596:. New York: HarperCollins. pp.
12568:(St. Martin's Press, 2013) pp. 1–11.
11740:
11537:"When Dixie Put Slaves on the Money"
11508:
11310:
11194:Hacker, J. David (October 1, 2020).
10564:
10311:
10103:Mehr, Emmanuel (November 18, 2023).
10102:
9790:
9641:Slave insurance in the United States
7594:
7383:Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper
7024:Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves
5813:Charleston Workhouse Slave Rebellion
5759:slave escape and mass suicide (1803)
5699:The Correspondence of Andrew Jackson
5187:Fugitive slaves in the United States
4910:Indentured servitude in Pennsylvania
4496:National Indian Youth Council (NIYC)
4203:Northern Cheyenne Exodus (1878-1879)
3825:Native American temperance activists
2665:Association for the Study of African
1811:Slave marriages in the United States
1410:Human trafficking in the Middle East
31956:Social history of the United States
31484:Committee on the Conduct of the War
31160:United Daughters of the Confederacy
27655:African-American Vernacular English
24227:End of slavery in the United States
23327:"Slavery and the Making of America"
23306:Digital Library on American Slavery
22873:10.1146/annurev.an.24.100195.001003
22281:; Rowland, Leslie S., eds. (1992).
22191:American Nineteenth Century History
22162:Journal of African American History
22088:, Winter 2008, Vol. 5, Issue 4, pp.
21873:, March 2004, Vol. 90, Issue 4, pp.
21734:University of Alabama Press, 1950.
21633:University of Georgia Press, 1986.
21149:(W. W. Norton & Company, 2021).
21060:(W. W. Norton & Company, 2019).
20805:
20635:, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007.
20089:. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.
19944:University of Chicago Press, 1976,
19351:
19302:, 1998. Retrieved October 24, 2007.
19265:
19245:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 26.
18899:Sister Circle: Black Women and Work
18863:Sister Circle: Black Women and Work
18830:Sister Circle: Black Women and Work
18797:Sister Circle: Black Women and Work
18415:NBER Working Paper Series No. 18396
18108:
17946:Center for Law and Economic Studies
17662:
17081:Nikolova, Elena (January 1, 2017).
17018:
16517:Samuel Chase: Lincoln's Vital Rival
16268:
15788:The town that started the Civil War
15673:from the original on June 26, 2020.
14708:
14696:, Basic Civitas Books, 1998, p. 90.
14429:
14341:
14120:Morgan, Marcyliena (July 4, 2002).
13985:from the original on April 16, 2016
13939:Elliot, Debbie (February 4, 2006).
13848:
13680:"Background on Conflict in Liberia"
13090:
13068:Jones-Rogers, Stephanie E. (2019).
13010:Jones-Rogers, Stephanie E. (2019).
12162:Dictionary of Afro-American Slavery
12125:. United States Senate. p. 82.
12006:
11563:
11153:American Nineteenth Century History
10600:
10427:O'Reilly, Bill and Dugard, Martin.
10364:Twin Cities Public Television, Inc.
9503:4 slave states that did not secede
7694:imported into British North America
7692:Origins and percentages of Africans
7468:
7414:, Mississippi Delta, Mississippi" (
7401:
7179: The Missouri Compromise, 1821
7167: The Northwest Ordinance, 1787
6245:Slave breeding in the United States
6149:Slave quarters in the United States
5849:a profitable criminal business—the
5705:
5633:Prohibiting the international trade
5333:National Museum of American History
5195:Female slavery in the United States
4820:List of federally recognized tribes
3479:Race and ethnicity in the US census
2980:African-American Vernacular English
2549:National Conference of Black Mayors
1145:Human trafficking in Southeast Asia
24:
31941:Politics of the American Civil War
31931:Labor history of the United States
31554:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
31349:
30893:impeachment managers investigation
29272:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
27573:U.S. cities with large populations
27276:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
26014:The Escape; or, A Leap for Freedom
25886:Hang a Thousand Trees with Ribbons
25164:(c. 1710 Portugal – 1734 Montreal)
25117:Nunzio Otello Francesco Gioacchino
24776:Underground Railroad Bicycle Route
24567:The South Bend Fugitive Slave Case
24508:List of Underground Railroad sites
24105:John Quincy Adams and abolitionism
22560:
22535:
22472:Empire of Cotton: A Global History
22422:
22209:
22129:, April 2009, Vol. 23 Issue 2, pp.
21812:Gannon, James (October 25, 2018).
21540:Freehling, Alice Goodyear (1982).
21068:. New York: Walker & Company.
21063:
20523:: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia
20521:American Slavery, American Freedom
19826:. Philadelphia: Unknown Publisher.
19621:Empire of Cotton: A Global History
18960:(4). Informa UK Limited: 840–855.
18193:10.1111/j.1465-7295.1979.tb00544.x
18080:The Quarterly Journal of Economics
17901:Engerman, Stanley L. (June 2017).
16849:Huebner, Timothy S. (March 2023).
16649:Lincoln, Abraham (June 15, 1953).
15729:
13655:"The Abolition of the Slave Trade"
12377:The antislavery impulse: 1830–1844
12074:Rodriguez, Junius P., ed. (2015).
11535:Levin, Kevin M. (April 21, 2016).
11313:"Chapter Five Paternalism Emerges"
11244:
10826:"The Abolition of The Slave Trade"
10212:Brown, Christopher Leslie (2006).
9542:Historic American Buildings Survey
9459:15 states where slavery was legal
7545:Sexual economy of American slavery
7317:
6787:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
6643:End of slavery in British colonies
5588:prohibiting discussion of slavery.
5016:
4931:(Colonial Williamsburg Foundation)
4531:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
4486:Native American Rights Fund (NARF)
2682:National Black Chamber of Commerce
1799:last survivors of American slavery
31:. For modern illegal slavery, see
25:
31977:
31926:19th century in the United States
31921:18th century in the United States
31901:African-American cultural history
30979:Reconstruction military districts
29427:Abolitionism in the United States
29382:Plantations in the American South
29297:Origins of the American Civil War
28339:Bruh Rabbit and the Tar Baby Girl
26446:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013
26442:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009
26249:African American founding fathers
26115:Songs of the Underground Railroad
26075:Abolitionism in the United States
25583:(c. 1795 Nigeria – ? Brazil)
25214:(c. 1819 – ???, Puerto Rico)
24814:Freedom: The Underground Railroad
24717:Songs of the Underground Railroad
24648:Abolitionism in the United States
24272:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
24217:Origins of the American Civil War
23924:African American founding fathers
23867:Education during the slave period
23278:
23125:
22164:, Fall 2006, Vol. 91 Issue 4, pp.
21786:W.W. Norton & Company, 1974.
21643:, Indiana University Press, 1957.
21121:
20343:Slavery and the Making of America
19964:, Oxford University Press, 1981.
19759:The Overthrow of Colonial Slavery
19166:. San Bernardino County Sentinel.
18948:Hacker, J. David (May 13, 2020).
18680:Black Rednecks and White Liberals
18601:Black Rednecks and White Liberals
18172:Kotlikoff, L. J. (October 1979).
17997:The Chronicle of Higher Education
17482:Black Rednecks and White Liberals
17339:Black Rednecks and White Liberals
16738:Juneteenth World Wide Celebration
16208:Basu, B.D. Chatterjee, R. (ed.).
14879:Berry, Daina (October 18, 2016).
12969:The Arkansas Historical Quarterly
12940:
10544:"The Revolution's Black Soldiers"
10541:
10383:"The Revolution's Black Soldiers"
10172:from the original on July 7, 2021
10158:. Houghton Mifflin. p. 705.
9799:. (May 19, 2015): Reprinted from
9793:"The Birth of Race-Based Slavery"
9515:
7437:South Carolina Historical Society
7102:
7002:Origins of the American Civil War
6776:The Impending Crisis of the South
6618:Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
6494:1850 to the firing on Fort Sumter
6153:Field slaves in the United States
5440:Abolitionism in the United States
5411:slave shipment to Georgia in 1858
5244:Field slaves in the United States
5077:Constitution of the United States
5060:Abolitionism in the United States
5041:A smock similar to those worn by
3795:Native Americans and World War II
3780:Indian Reorganization Act of 1934
3386:Places by plurality of population
2052:Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
2042:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
1995:Abolitionism in the United States
760:Field slaves in the United States
627:Slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate
53:Abolitionism in the United States
31936:Plantations in the United States
31833:
31824:
31823:
30962:Enforcement Act of February 1871
30935:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
29064:
28873:
28872:
28524:
28518:
28444:Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses
28208:
27326:United Negro College Fund (UNCF)
26471:Nadir of American race relations
26163:Slave Songs of the United States
25667:The Underground Railroad Records
25577:(? Puerto Rico – 1555 Venezuela)
24723:The Underground Railroad Records
24489:
24020:History of slavery by U.S. state
23787:Slave trade in the United States
23228:Louisiana State University Press
23163:. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc.
22797:Journal of Economic Perspectives
22592:Louisiana State University Press
22506:University of Pennsylvania Press
22496:
22010:(Oxford University Press, 2019).
21097:
20628:, Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2007.
19517:National and comparative studies
19492:
19462:
19360:
19345:
19326:
19312:United States. Congress (1857).
19279:
19259:
19225:
19200:
19155:
19129:
19108:
19087:
19038:
19011:
18998:
18932:
18919:
18850:
18817:
18784:
18761:Explorations in Economic History
18747:
18705:
18667:
18626:
18588:
18550:
18518:
18496:
18439:
18395:
18355:
18342:
18300:
18264:
18224:
18199:
18165:
18156:
18102:
18067:
18031:Explorations in Economic History
18018:
17991:Parry, Marc (December 8, 2016).
17965:Explorations in Economic History
17933:
17820:
17777:
17741:Journal of Economic Perspectives
17728:
17697:
17646:University of Pennsylvania Press
17628:
17594:
17529:
17162:
17121:
17074:
16976:
16967:
16958:
16949:
16915:
16889:
16842:
16829:
16812:
16756:
16726:
16714:
16701:
16668:
16642:
16630:
16612:
16596:
16587:
16557:
16540:
16522:
16509:
16500:
16487:
16460:
16447:
16434:
16421:
16391:
16378:
16353:
16337:
16311:
16286:
16262:
16244:
16230:
16207:
16188:
16162:
16135:
16085:
16071:. Stackpole Books. p. xvi.
16031:
16005:
15935:
15926:
15904:
15892:
15867:
15845:
15818:
15777:
15749:
15723:
15677:
15647:
15632:
15607:
15578:
15571:Schwartz, Marie Jenkins (2004).
15565:
15426:
15406:
15327:
15302:
15268:
15252:
15227:
15174:
15022:
15007:
14993:
14984:
14956:. Penn State Press. p. 38.
14943:
14920:
14898:
14872:
14829:
14794:
14768:
14741:
14721:
14699:
14686:
14677:
14660:
14637:
14628:
14585:
14576:
14555:
14467:
14423:
14369:
14328:
14315:
14302:
14289:
14276:
14267:
14254:
14221:
14204:
14191:
14173:"American Civil War Census Data"
14165:
14140:
14093:
14063:
14051:
14031:Hassan, Adeel (April 12, 2019).
14024:
13997:
13962:
13932:
13904:
13842:
13741:Sale, Maggie Montesinos (1997).
13646:
13613:
13600:
13577:
13555:The Seminole Freedmen: A History
13513:. Palm & Enke. p. 147.
13429:The Seminole Freedmen: A History
13392:
13339:"Slavery in the Cherokee nation"
13330:
13295:
13263:Black Indians: A Hidden Heritage
13189:Olsen, Otto H. (December 2004).
13128:
13061:
13003:
12960:
12934:
12921:
12895:
12848:
12808:
12754:
12725:
12692:
12659:
12614:
12558:
12540:
12489:
12417:
12382:
12369:
12325:
12312:
12299:
12278:
12253:
12232:
12219:
12149:
12129:
11379:
11147:Regan, Joe (September 1, 2020).
10991:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2006.00345.x
10515:Gilbert, Alan (March 19, 2012).
10356:Liberty! The American Revolution
9734:
9583:
9569:
9555:
7556:, artist unknown, date unknown (
7536:The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer
7328:Penal labor in the United States
6367:Massachusetts Historical Society
6006:Slave trade in the United States
5220:, New Orleans, November 1, 1819)
4914:Indentured servitude in Virginia
4085:Buffalo Hunters' War (1876–1877)
4073:(1858)|Antelope Hills expedition
3800:American Indian boarding schools
3632:
3561:
2083:Black Belt in the American South
637:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
632:Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate
461:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
231:
150:
141:
130:
121:
110:
101:
90:
81:
70:
61:
37:Penal labor in the United States
31747:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
31609:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
31170:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
26332:Civil rights movement 1954–1968
26322:Civil rights movement 1865–1896
25543:(19th century Indian Territory)
25517:(1766 Saint-Dominque – 1853 NY)
24525:Underground Railroad in Indiana
23353:North American Slave Narratives
23213:Literary and cultural criticism
23156:
23132:
23056:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1994).
23033:Slavery Time When I Was Chillun
23029:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1997).
23020:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1990).
22997:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1990).
22974:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1989).
22880:Turner, Edward Raymond (1912).
22668:Slavery: History and Historians
22582:
22326:
22304:
22269:
22125:. "Writing Slavery's History",
22114:Slavery: History and Historians
22100:The Journal of American History
21871:The Journal of American History
21700:Cornell University Press, 1998.
21533:, Yale University Press, 1985.
21488:. University of Georgia Press.
21122:Kaminski, John P., ed. (1995).
20815:The Journal of American History
20757:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
20753:Williams, Eric Eustace (1966).
20722:, New York: Arno Press, 1968.
20327:Oxford University Press, 1978,
19906:New Essays on the Abolitionists
19807:Oxford University Press, 1979,
19505:
19315:The Congressional Globe, Part 2
18925:Source: Miller and Smith, eds.
18722:The Journal of Economic History
17868:The Journal of Economic History
17549:The Journal of Economic History
17387:The Journal of Economic History
17203:The Journal of Economic History
16550:, pp. 355, 494–496, quote from
15971:The Journal of Southern History
15756:Eblen, Tom (February 1, 2012).
15503:The Journal of American History
15364:. University Press of Florida.
15262:University of Tennessee Press,
14838:The Journal of Southern History
14815:10.1016/j.endeavour.2015.02.002
14791:, EH.net (Economic History.net)
14718:. University of Illinois Press.
14499:Bostonian (December 3, 1863) .
14175:. Civil-war.net. Archived from
13534:James Shannon Buchanan (1955).
13162:The Journal of American History
12391:The Journal of Southern History
12352:"New York Divided: King Cotton"
12107:
12094:
12067:
12054:
12000:
11972:
11952:
11919:
11905:. University of Georgia Press.
11894:
11865:
11800:
11781:
11664:
11612:
11588:
11574:. University of Georgia Press.
11554:
11528:
11502:
11468:
11448:
11442:
11426:Democracy in America (Volume 1)
11400:"Like a fire bell in the night"
11391:
11373:
11347:
11304:
11187:
11140:
11091:
11078:
11053:
11018:
11005:
10970:
10957:
10937:
10916:
10817:
10772:
10746:
10731:
10701:
10649:
10634:
10573:
10558:
10535:
10521:. University of Chicago Press.
10508:
10494:
10480:
10455:
10442:
10421:
10400:
10375:
10349:
10334:
10305:
10290:Hubbard, Robert Ernest (2017).
10260:
10239:
10227:
10206:
10197:
10192:Growth of the American Republic
10184:
10145:
10122:
10096:
10071:
10028:
9987:
9963:
9725:
9605:American Descendants of Slavery
7258:Library Company of Philadelphia
7065:Frank Leslie's Illustrated News
7056:Sherman's march through Georgia
7010:Contraband (American Civil War)
6429:Smithsonian American Art Museum
6234:Commodification of human tissue
5659:, plus cotton shipping out for
5347:in New Orleans; donated to the
4501:Women of All Red Nations (WARN)
3760:Racism against Native Americans
3735:Native American slave ownership
2687:National Council of Negro Women
1587:Committee of Experts on Slavery
1138:East, Southeast, and South Asia
30850:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
27321:Thurgood Marshall College Fund
26327:Civil right movement 1896–1954
26147:Slave-Trading in the Old South
25201:(c. 1788 Bermuda – after 1833)
23882:List of American slave traders
23762:Slavery among Native Americans
23357:Documenting the American South
23343:"Slavery in the United States"
22670:(New York: Harper & Row).
22500:; Rockman, Seth, eds. (2016).
21772:Slavery in Missouri, 1804–1865
21346:The American Historical Review
20962:The William and Mary Quarterly
20652:, Yale University Press, 2015.
20136:. New York: Harper & Row.
19834:Childers, Christopher (2012).
19318:. Blair & Rives. pp.
18927:Dictionary of American Slavery
18467:Quarterly Journal of Economics
18324:(Reissue ed.). New York:
17907:Journal of Economic Literature
17638:; Rockman, Seth, eds. (2016).
16802:"America's Founding Documents"
16117:. In Kee, Howard Clark (ed.).
16042:. In Kee, Howard Clark (ed.).
15014:Higginbotham, A. Leon (1980).
14906:"Leather Made From Human Skin"
14650:. Simon and Schuster, p. 163.
14126:. Cambridge University Press.
13818:Sweig, Donald (October 2014).
13349:(4): 1056–1072. Archived from
13267:. Simon and Schuster. p.
12740:. HarperCollins. p. 288.
11746:"The Universal Law of Slavery"
10807:The William and Mary Quarterly
9944:
9852:
9816:"The Constitution and Slavery"
9807:
9784:
9755:
9631:Category:American slave owners
6421:'s 1863 oil painting painting
6310:
6227:Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes
6113:, a slave trading business in
5793:Black Seminole Slave Rebellion
5679:
5503:Pennsylvania Abolition Society
5329:National Numismatic Collection
4356:American Indian Movement (AIM)
3775:Indian Citizenship Act of 1924
3665:Archaic period in the Americas
3484:Racism against Black Americans
1286:Slave raiding in Easter Island
13:
1:
31265:Ladies' Memorial Associations
30967:Enforcement Act of April 1871
30863:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
30738:
27501:Cherokee freedmen controversy
26477:The Negro Motorist Green Book
25822:The Confessions of Nat Turner
25787:
25780:
25611:The Narrative of Robert Adams
25025:
24090:George Washington and slavery
23969:American Colonization Society
23964:African-American slave owners
23347:Economic History Encyclopedia
23246:University of Wisconsin Press
22860:Annual Review of Anthropology
22849:10.1080/20780389.2020.1734312
22744:American Journal of Sociology
22701:Schermerhorn, Calvin (2015).
22561:Finkelman, Paul, ed. (2002).
21101:; Kaufman, Art, eds. (1988).
20045:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
19822:Brewster, Francis E. (1850).
19623:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
19352:Fry, Richard (October 2019).
19180:Mary Ellen Snodgrass (2015).
18966:10.1080/0144039x.2020.1755502
18148:Fogel & Engerman (1974).
17704:Schermerhorn, Calvin (2015).
17521:. ICPSR Study. Archived from
15181:Reis, Elizabeth, ed. (2012).
14103:, pp. 168–169. Kolchin p. 96.
13714:"Map of Liberia, West Africa"
12873:10.1080/0144039X.2019.1660509
12145:. New York: Finch & Weed.
12080:. Routledge. pp. 34–35.
12048:American Anti-Slavery Society
11901:Wells, Tom Henderson (2009).
11671:Richards, Leonard L. (2007).
11212:10.1080/0144039X.2020.1755502
11165:10.1080/14664658.2020.1841939
9748:
9600:Abolition of slavery timeline
7457:
7352:
7265:Reconstruction to the present
6544:
5942:American Colonization Society
5868:African-American slave owners
5582:U.S. House of Representatives
5378:Proposed expansion of slavery
5312:Eugenics in the United States
4871:
4309:Battle of Kelley Creek (1911)
4077:Comanche Campaign (1867–1875)
4065:Texas–Indian wars (1836–1877)
2692:National Pan-Hellenic Council
31866:Slavery in the United States
31398:Confederate revolving cannon
31140:Sons of Confederate Veterans
31011:South Carolina riots of 1876
30989:Indian Council at Fort Smith
30940:South Carolina riots of 1876
30905:Knights of the White Camelia
29397:Slavery in the United States
29020:Slavery in the United States
28723:Slavery in the United States
28718:History of the United States
26155:Sarah Johnson's Mount Vernon
26110:Slavery in the United States
25467:Greensbury Washington Offley
24861:Slavery in the United States
24697:Reverse Underground Railroad
24561:Kentucky raid in Cass County
24095:Thomas Jefferson and slavery
23840:American proslavery movement
23802:Slave states and free states
23443:Slavery in the United States
23101:Johnson, Clifton H. (1993).
22957:University of Virginia Press
22626:. Harvard University Press.
21206:The Journal of Negro History
21064:Goldstone, Lawrence (2005).
21047:Slavery and the Constitution
20922:The Journal of Negro History
20708:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
20600:Robinson, Donald L. (1970).
20292:(U of Virginia Press, 2019)
20260:. New York: Vintage Books.
20242:. New York: Pantheon Books.
19916:Egerton, Douglas R. (2009).
19541:American Negro Slave Revolts
19419:Pargas, Damian Alan (2008).
19207:Ricks, Nathaniel R. (2007).
18408:"American Incomes 1774–1860"
16675:Doyle, Robert C. C. (2010).
16467:McPherson, James M. (1992).
16142:Ahlstrom, Sydney E. (1972).
15472:. Rutgers University Press.
15001:"Memoirs of Madison Hemings"
14381:The Journal of Negro History
13855:University of Virginia Press
13372:Jennison, Watson W. (2012).
13314:(2): 178–180. Archived from
12672:American Negro Slave Revolts
11933:Florida Historical Quarterly
11605:History of the United States
11354:Broussard, Joyce L. (2018).
10924:America: The Last Best Hope,
10738:Painter, Nell Irvin (2007).
10724:Slavery in the United States
10580:Scribner, Robert L. (1983).
10360:Blows Must Decide: 1774–1776
10066:U.S. News & World Report
9969:"n 1854, the passage of the
9814:Douglass, Frederick (1849).
9651:WPA Slave Narratives Project
9611:Glossary of American slavery
9492:4 states that seceded later
9400:Distribution of slaveholders
7900:
7879:
7846:
7825:
7804:
7779:
7758:
7725:
7426:
7420:Farm Security Administration
7390:
7092:U.S. Naval Hospital Beaufort
6751:Burning of Pennsylvania Hall
6713:Secession of Southern states
6461:Freedom suits and Dred Scott
6128:
5929:Africa and the American Flag
5873:Native American slave owners
5847:kidnapping children of color
5572:Abolitionist and politician
5234:American proslavery movement
4314:Battle of Bear Valley (1918)
4299:Crazy Snake Rebellion (1909)
4294:Battle of Sugar Point (1898)
4214:Rogue River Wars (1855–1856)
3820:Alcohol and Native Americans
3715:Slavery in the United States
3494:School segregation in the US
3032:Black American Sign Language
3006:Languages and other dialects
1577:Temporary Slavery Commission
1238:Slavery in the Mongol Empire
7:
31946:Slavery of Native Americans
31752:New York City riots of 1863
31577:Battle Hymn of the Republic
31328:United Confederate Veterans
31165:Children of the Confederacy
31155:United Confederate Veterans
31150:Southern Historical Society
30302:
29782:Price's Missouri Expedition
29252:Timeline leading to the War
29226:
28475:Michael Row the Boat Ashore
27371:Black players in ice hockey
27306:National Urban League (NUL)
27132:American Society of Muslims
26370:Selma to Montgomery marches
26290:Brown v. Board of Education
26179:The Hemingses of Monticello
26080:African-American literature
24120:Abraham Lincoln and slavery
23382:The New York Times Magazine
22543:. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
22429:Andrews, William L. (2019)
22309:. New York: The New Press.
22287:. New York: The New Press.
22148:Journal of Southern History
21989:. Oxford University Press.
21794:
21770:Trexler, Harrison Anthony.
21484:Burke, Diane Mutti (2010).
21152:Van Cleve, George William.
20886:Journal of Economic History
20729:Wiecek, William M. (1977).
20716:United States Census Bureau
20474:Miller, James, ed. (2001).
20414:. New York: Hill and Wang.
20412:American Slavery, 1619–1877
19761:. London; New York: Verso.
19739:. London; New York: Verso.
19692:. New York: The New Press.
18376:Journal of Economic History
17829:Critical Historical Studies
17786:The Economic History Review
17296:Journal of Economic History
17251:Journal of Economic History
17134:Journal of Economic History
16983:Anderson, James D. (1988).
16901:The Daily Memphis Avalanche
15360:Schafer, Daniel L. (2013).
14950:Davis, Floyd James (2001).
14608:McInnis, Maurie D. (2011).
12104:(LSU Press, 2006) pp. 1–11.
11650:10.5749/buildland.20.2.0102
11642:10.5749/buildland.20.2.0102
10709:American Slavery: 1619–1877
10683:Clavin, Matthew J. (2019).
10055:"The First Black Americans"
9859:McDonough, Gary W. (1993).
9832:Smith, Julia Floyd (1973).
9548:
6933:New-York Historical Society
6746:Martyrdom of Elijah Lovejoy
6590:End of Atlantic slave trade
6388:Religion of black Americans
6381:
5686:Black refugee (War of 1812)
5489:(with British abolitionist
5228:Justifications in the South
5167:Slavery in the 19th century
4223:Puget Sound War (1855–1856)
4207:Ghost Dance War (1890–1891)
4199:Great Sioux War (1876–1877)
4195:Red Cloud's War (1866–1868)
4179:First Sioux War (1854-1856)
4105:Chiricahua Wars (1860–1886)
2321:African-American businesses
1597:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery
642:Volga Bulgarian slave trade
10:
31982:
31720:Confederate Secret Service
31308:Grand Army of the Republic
31200:Grand Army of the Republic
31018:Southern Claims Commission
29025:Children of the plantation
27528:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
27286:Nashville Student Movement
26297:Children of the plantation
25995:A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin
25101:(c. 1705 Bornu – 1775 Eng)
24917:Slave Narrative Collection
24858:
24663:African-American opponents
24546:Emeline and Samuel Hawkins
24194:Children of the plantation
24125:Andrew Johnson and slavery
24115:Zachary Taylor and slavery
24061:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
24030:Fugitive Slave Act of 1793
23995:American slave court cases
23959:Amerindian slave ownership
23361:Louis Round Wilson Library
22723:Schwalm, Leslie A. (1997)
22608:Gellman, David Nathaniel.
22433:(Oxford University Press).
22331:. New York: The New Press.
22154:617–630, on colonial era.
21961:, Ballantine Books, 2006,
21898:American Historical Review
21801:Jenkins, Gary (director).
21762:Negro Slavery in Louisiana
20532:Morris, Thomas D. (1996).
20322:Higginbotham, A. Leon, Jr.
19509:
19367:Glatthaar, Joseph (2009).
19342:, by Tom Blake, 2001–2005.
19338:September 5, 2015, at the
19294:December 14, 2006, at the
19186:. Routledge. p. 556.
19024:. LSU Press. p. 126.
19018:Rucker, Walter C. (2006).
18731:Cambridge University Press
18651:Princeton University Press
18284:W. W. Norton & Company
17442:American Historical Review
16637:Images of America: Altoona
16278:(2nd ed.). New York:
16113:Frost, J. William (1998).
16038:Frost, J. William (1998).
15942:Morris, Thomas D. (1999).
15655:Williams, Caroline Randall
15639:Guillory, Monique (1999),
15585:Phillips, Patrick (2016).
15551:. Atlantic Monthly Press.
15258:Smith, Julia Floyd (1991)
15149:10.1186/gb-2009-10-12-r141
15097:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.11.010
14783:December 20, 2011, at the
14748:Morris, Thomas D. (1999).
14672:The Social Science Journal
14543:(Thesis). Boston College.
14387:(2): 240–241. April 1931.
13917:South Branch Intelligencer
13402:Letters from the Frontiers
13399:McCall, George A. (1868).
12732:Rasmussen, Daniel (2011).
12339:and the Battle for America
11965:John Brown and His Friends
11960:Sanborn, Franklin Benjamin
11882:Charleston, South Carolina
11129:December 23, 2013, at the
10662:. Macmillan. p. 206.
10387:www.americanrevolution.org
10358:(Documentary), Episode II:
10109:Baltimore Histories Weekly
9525:
9519:
9432:Georgetown, South Carolina
9368:
9310:
9281:
9252:
9223:
9194:
9165:
9136:
9107:
9078:
9049:
9020:
8991:
8962:
8933:
8904:
8875:
8846:
8817:
8788:
8759:
8730:
8701:
8672:
8643:
8614:
8585:
8556:
8527:
8498:
8469:
8440:
8411:
8382:
8353:
8324:
8295:
8266:
8237:
7921:United States Coast Survey
7685:African-American genealogy
7682:
7679:Origins of American slaves
7441:Lowcountry Digital Library
7394:
7321:
7278:
7268:
7252:'s 1863 woodblock etching
7144:Francis Bicknell Carpenter
7126:
7112:
7106:
7043:
7017:
6999:
6833:Recapture of Anthony Burns
6703:1860 presidential election
6678:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
6562:
6559:Civil War and emancipation
6507:
6497:
6464:
6445:
6439:
6399:
6385:
6355:'s hand as branded by the
6337:South Carolina slave codes
6334:
6320:
6314:
6249:Children of the plantation
6242:
6213:on the plaza north of the
6138:
6132:
6111:Crawford, Frazer & Co.
6082:Middleton Place Foundation
6023:
6009:
6003:
5939:
5887:
5879:Amerindian slave ownership
5876:
5865:
5769:1811 German Coast uprising
5715:
5709:
5683:
5636:
5443:
5437:
5315:
5309:
5303:
5241:
5231:
5198:
5180:
5170:
5158:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5128:
5122:
5086:
5080:
5057:
5030:
5020:
4993:
4957:
4947:
4918:Engagé system in Louisiana
4903:
4889:
4875:
4376:Occupation of Wounded Knee
4147:Black Hawk War (1865–1872)
4135:Battle at Fort Utah (1850)
4117:Geronimo's War (1881–1886)
4113:Victorio's War (1879–1880)
4012:American Revolutionary War
2859:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
2534:Congressional Black Caucus
2501:African Diaspora Religions
2288:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
1782:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
1619:Anti-Slavery International
1384:North Africa and West Asia
50:
41:
26:
31819:
31795:
31708:Confederate States dollar
31680:
31622:
31567:
31519:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
31514:Emancipation Proclamation
31476:
31408:Medal of Honor recipients
31365:
31361:
31344:
31296:Confederate Memorial Hall
31278:
31257:
31215:
31187:
31178:
31098:Confederate Memorial Hall
31071:Confederate History Month
31051:Civil War Discovery Trail
31031:
30952:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
30783:
30758:Reconstruction Amendments
30748:
30744:
30733:
30655:
30524:
30517:
30457:
30321:
30314:
30310:
30297:
30239:
29986:
29979:
29810:
29666:
29625:
29593:
29560:
29553:
29549:
29520:
29417:
29367:Emancipation Proclamation
29335:
29236:
29232:
29221:
29111:
29090:
29012:
28964:
28924:
28870:
28733:
28625:
28617:South Carolina Lowcountry
28571:
28540:
28533:
28516:
28493:
28452:
28371:
28355:
28330:
28271:
28264:
28198:
28165:Index of related articles
28043:
27958:
27682:
27615:
27553:
27453:
27414:
27346:
27339:
27254:
27174:
27166:Doctrine of Father Divine
27112:
27054:
26703:
26558:
26550:Women's suffrage movement
26503:Reconstruction Amendments
26310:Voting Rights Act of 1965
26229:
26067:
26040:
26005:
25988:To a Southern Slaveholder
25979:
25944:
25776:The Bondwoman's Narrative
25725:
25651:My Bondage and My Freedom
25635:The Life of Josiah Henson
25619:American Slavery as It Is
25594:
25561:
25221:
25177:
25152:
25126:
25079:
25062:
25047:Andreas Matthäus Wolfgang
24936:
24925:
24912:
24856:
24733:
24640:
24613:Oberlin–Wellington Rescue
24538:
24498:
24487:
24341:
24247:Emancipation Proclamation
24207:
24172:Sexual relations and rape
24150:
24100:James Madison and slavery
23982:
23830:
23752:
23745:
23724:
23710:
23449:
23409:
23404:Links to related articles
23180:Discussions by foreigners
22756:, Volume 1, Number 2, pp.
22746:127.6 (2022): 1721–1781.
22643:Larson, Edward J. (2023)
22217:Albert, Octavia V. Rogers
21846:Historiography and memory
21806:(Lifedocumentaries, 2010)
21390:10.1017/S0738248013000242
21263:10.1007/s11127-008-9297-7
21173:Williamson, Joel (1990).
21021:
20510:, Ayer Publishing, 1980.
20478:. San Diego, California:
19573:. New York: Basic Books.
19470:Bonekemper III, Edward H.
19428:Journal of Family History
18778:10.1016/j.eeh.2017.12.002
18740:10.1017/S002205071700016X
18563:Ethnic America: A History
18389:10.1017/S0022050713000594
18044:10.1016/j.eeh.2023.101552
17978:10.1016/j.eeh.2017.12.002
17880:10.1017/S0022050715000996
17572:10.1017/S0022050700040602
17410:10.1017/S0022050700040602
17309:10.1017/S002205070003134X
17264:10.1017/S0022050700040602
17216:10.1017/S0022050700040602
17147:10.1017/S0022050721000590
17099:10.1017/S0007123415000101
17014:. Enslow Publishers, INC.
16903:. May 16, 1877. p. 2
16497:(Harper & Row, 1976).
15839:2027/spo.2629860.0027.203
15798:Syracuse University Press
15183:American sexual histories
14929:"A Museum for Nat Turner"
14537:Dickman, Michael (2015).
13885:American Slavery As It Is
13828:Alexandria Gazette-Packet
13507:Binder, Wolfgang (1987).
13215:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
13139:American Indian Quarterly
12467:"Regulation of the Trade"
12100:David Nathaniel Gellman,
11930:, by David Brion Davis".
11873:"The Slave Trade Meeting"
11630:Building & Landscapes
11039:10.1017/s0738248012000697
10828:. New York Public Library
10467:www.digitalhistory.uh.edu
10312:Nell, William C. (1855).
10060:February 2, 2011, at the
9960:, National Park Service.
9762:Abzug, Robert H. (1980).
8171:
7696:and Louisiana (1700–1820)
7275:Reconstruction Amendments
7260:1865-3 variant 101540.F)
7046:Emancipation Proclamation
7040:Emancipation Proclamation
6782:Oberlin–Wellington Rescue
6757:American Slavery As It Is
5884:High demand and smuggling
5625:The Anti-Slavery Alphabet
5560:was chief justice of the
5434:Abolitionism in the North
4808:congressional politicians
4570:Native American languages
4101:Jicarilla War (1849–1855)
4081:Red River War (1874–1875)
4069:Comanche Wars (1836–1877)
3765:Indian Appropriations Act
3366:US states and territories
2667:American Life and History
2389:Lift Every Voice and Sing
2098:Treatment of the enslaved
1883:Emancipation Proclamation
1550:Opposition and resistance
1308:Sex trafficking in Europe
1296:Blackbirding in Polynesia
859:Trans-Saharan slave trade
164:'s scourged back (1863);
31782:U.S. Sanitary Commission
31693:Battlefield preservation
31599:Marching Through Georgia
31524:Hampton Roads Conference
31499:Confiscation Act of 1862
31494:Confiscation Act of 1861
31270:U.S. national cemeteries
31076:Confederate Memorial Day
31061:Civil War Trails Program
30930:New Orleans riot of 1866
28670:History of Guinea-Bissau
28633:African-American history
28579:Beaufort, South Carolina
28501:African-American culture
28215:United States portal
27650:African-American English
27079:Inventors and scientists
26771:George Washington Carver
26375:Chicago Freedom Movement
25934:The Underground Railroad
25699:The Peculiar Institution
25344:Sarah Jane Woodson Early
24846:The Underground Railroad
24232:Compensated emancipation
23315:The Abolitionist Seminar
22825:10.1177/0090591704268924
22666:Parish, Peter J. (2022)
22525:Brady, Steven J. (2022)
21908:by American sociologist
21906:Slavery and Social Death
20638:Scarborough, William K.
20201:Frey, Sylvia R. (1991).
20179:—— (2007) .
19893:. London: Pelican Books.
19889:—— (1970) .
19688:—— (1992) .
19594:; Weiss, Thomas (1980).
19539:—— (1945) .
19440:10.1177/0363199008318919
18893:Davis, Adrienne (2002).
18857:Davis, Adrienne (2002).
18824:Davis, Adrienne (2002).
18791:Davis, Adrienne (2002).
17681:Harvard University Press
16256:www.historyisaweapon.com
15496:Johnson, Walter (2000).
15281:. Chicago Review Press.
14323:Generations of Captivity
14310:Generations of Captivity
14297:Generations of Captivity
14284:Generations of Captivity
14262:Generations of Captivity
14228:Kulikoff, Allan (1992).
14212:Generations of Captivity
14199:Generations of Captivity
14101:Generations of Captivity
14060:, 1994, by James Trager.
13849:Dew, Charles B. (2016).
13793:Wasserman, Adam (2010).
13653:Finkelman, Paul (2007).
12788:"Unidentified Young Man"
12624:Journal of Negro History
12430:African Economic History
12424:Kelley, Sean M. (2018).
12335:Mightier Than the Sword:
12320:Generations of Captivity
12305:Commager, Henry Steele.
12036:Williams, James (1838).
11878:Charleston Daily Courier
11360:Mississippi Encyclopedia
11015:(Cengage Learning, 2008)
10851:Hubbard, Robert Ernest.
10824:Finkelman, Paul (2007).
10784:World Socialist Web Site
10758:World Socialist Web Site
10721:Finkelman, Paul (2012).
10565:Frey, Sylvia R. (1991).
10546:. AmericanRevolution.org
9718:
9708:Slavery in Latin America
7582:Geography and demography
7088:Beaufort, South Carolina
6805:Trial of Reuben Crandall
6718:Peace Conference of 1861
6693:Caning of Charles Sumner
5416:Constitutional amendment
5361:New Orleans slave depots
4371:Trail of Broken Treaties
4259:Hualapai War (1865–1870)
4227:Coeur d'Alene War (1858)
4187:Colorado War (1863–1865)
3568:United States portal
2975:African-American English
2486:African-American Muslims
2047:Jim Crow era (1896–1954)
1658:Compensated emancipation
869:Indian Ocean slave trade
168:'s painting inspired by
166:Thomas Satterwhite Noble
45:The Peculiar Institution
31703:Confederate war finance
31323:Southern Cross of Honor
31291:1938 Gettysburg reunion
31286:1913 Gettysburg reunion
30984:Reconstruction Treaties
30957:Enforcement Act of 1870
30840:Freedman's Savings Bank
29457:Lane Debates on Slavery
29282:Lincoln–Douglas debates
28706:History of Sierra Leone
28599:Golden Isles of Georgia
28138:African-American firsts
27187:Back-to-Africa movement
27156:Black Hebrew Israelites
26936:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
26484:Partus sequitur ventrem
26105:Films featuring slavery
25569:Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua
25493:William Henry Singleton
25298:Ellen and William Craft
24747:Harriet Tubman Memorial
24067:Partus sequitur ventrem
24010:Three-fifths Compromise
23157:—— (1999).
22914:Oxford University Press
22395:Missouri History Museum
22127:OAH Magazine of History
22073:, Michael F. Holt, and
22015:Slavery & Abolition
21945:OAH Magazine of History
21920:Slavery & Abolition
21857:OAH Magazine of History
21730:Sellers, James Benson;
21600:Greenwood Press, 2004.
21477:State and local studies
21295:OAH Magazine of History
20444:—— (1961).
20385:Kaplan, Sidney (1973).
20110:and Loren Schweninger.
20085:—— (2010).
20063:—— (2015).
19757:—— (1988).
19666:—— (1998).
19045:Susan Schulten (2010).
18954:Slavery & Abolition
18308:de Tocqueville, Alexise
18206:Calonius, Erik (2006).
18123:2027/njp.32101058916295
18025:Rhode, Paul W. (2023).
17030:The Journal of Politics
17010:Ford, Carin T. (2004).
16955:Litwack (1998), p. 271.
16734:"History of Juneteenth"
16361:"Image 74 of Page view"
16280:Leavitt, Lord & Co.
16067:Smedley, R. C. (2005).
15932:Rodriguez, pp. 616–617.
15763:Lexington Herald-Leader
14714:Barclay, J. L. (2021).
14058:The People's Chronology
13659:New York Public Library
13586:OAH Magazine of History
12861:Slavery & Abolition
12522:Grindal, Peter (2016).
12498:OAH Magazine of History
12471:New York Public Library
11903:The Slave Ship Wanderer
11200:Slavery & Abolition
10641:Hartmann, Thom (2019).
9768:Oxford University Press
9470:11 states that seceded
7496:American Anthropologist
7418:35mm nitrate negative,
7142:(1864) oil painting by
6698:Lincoln–Douglas debates
6424:The Lord is My Shepherd
6268:(1878) oil painting by
6121:just prior to the 1864
5830:Missouri History Museum
5727:Discovery of Nat Turner
5403:illegal slave shipments
5359:Newspaper listings for
5218:Louisiana State Gazette
5131:Slave Trade Act of 1794
5125:Three-fifths Compromise
5119:Three-fifths Compromise
4284:Bannock Uprising (1895)
4249:Yavapai Wars(1861–1875)
4239:Navajo Wars (1849–1866)
4191:Powder River War (1865)
4097:Apache Wars (1849–1924)
3905:Indigenous Peoples' Day
3720:Partus sequitur ventrem
3489:Reparations for slavery
2577:Back-to-Africa movement
2476:Black Hebrew Israelites
2354:African-American beauty
1582:1926 Slavery Convention
1338:Germany in World War II
955:North and South America
477:Contract of manumission
198:, abolitionist; ad for
31762:Richmond riots of 1863
31688:Baltimore riot of 1861
31468:U.S. Military Railroad
31388:Confederate Home Guard
31120:Historiographic issues
31086:Historical reenactment
29585:Revenue Cutter Service
29452:William Lloyd Garrison
29361:Dred Scott v. Sandford
28379:Afro-American religion
28106:Spingarn Medal winners
27595:States and territories
27366:Black NFL quarterbacks
26866:Martin Luther King Jr.
26398:Dred Scott v. Sandford
26337:Montgomery bus boycott
25953:Amos Fortune, Free Man
25187:Juan Francisco Manzano
25162:Marie-Joseph Angélique
25070:Brigitta Scherzenfeldt
25053:Johann Georg Wolffgang
25035:Guðríður Símonardóttir
24974:James Leander Cathcart
24142:Supreme Court Justices
24110:John Tyler and slavery
24085:Presidents and slavery
24074:Dred Scott v. Sandford
23393:University of Virginia
23339:at the History Channel
22382:Autographs for Freedom
22116:Westview Press. 1989.
21985:Ford, Lacy K. (2009).
21742:Slavery in Mississippi
21720:Rivers, Larry Eugene.
21378:Law and History Review
20755:Capitalism and Slavery
20648:Schermerhorn, Calvin.
20268:Elizabeth Fox-Genovese
20227:The Indian Slave Trade
20130:Fredrickson, George M.
19856:Coughtry, Jay (1981).
19400:July 19, 2013, at the
18404:Williamson, Jeffrey G.
18364:Williamson, Jeffrey G.
17993:"Shackles and Dollars"
17735:Wright, Gavin (2022).
16964:Blackmon (2008), p. 4.
16388:(Bedford Books, 1997).
15419:The Horrors of Slavery
14775:Thomas Weiss, Review:
14148:"Gun Reviews Archives"
13851:The Making of a Racist
13551:Mulroy, Kevin (2007).
13537:Chronicles of Oklahoma
13426:Mulroy, Kevin (2016).
13343:Chronicles of Oklahoma
13308:Chronicles of Oklahoma
13302:Duncan, J. W. (1928).
13230:Perdue, Theda (1979).
12914:Peter Kolchin (1993),
12375:Gilbert Hobbs Barnes,
12227:The Selling of Joseph,
12187:Peter Kolchin (1993),
11712:"The 'Mudsill' Theory"
11486:W. W. Norton & Co.
11268:Stowe, Harriet Beecher
11027:Law and History Review
10190:Morison and Commager:
9956:July 14, 2007, at the
9545:
9454:Slave-Owning Families
9409:
8196:
7924:
7908:Distribution of slaves
7591:
7578:
7564:
7561:
7558:Carnegie Museum of Art
7542:
7539:
7528:
7525:
7517:
7500:
7465:
7444:
7423:
7387:
7369:
7366:
7351:Prisoners pick cotton
7344:
7337:Nathan Bedford Forrest
7314:
7261:
7241:
7150:
7147:
7099:
7072:
7069:
7036:
6992:
6943:Pro-slavery activists
6936:
6846:Virginia v. John Brown
6839:Dred Scott v. Sandford
6741:Nat Turner's Rebellion
6555:
6531:
6490:
6467:Dred Scott v. Sandford
6458:
6456:
6432:
6378:
6370:
6363:Southworth & Hawes
6308:
6305:
6280:
6277:
6230:
6202:
6187:
6184:McPherson & Oliver
6170:Baton Rouge, Louisiana
6125:
6103:
6088:
6085:
6069:
6061:
5997:
5994:
5978:
5932:
5858:
5833:
5787:Nat Turner's Rebellion
5746:
5702:
5676:
5629:
5615:
5603:
5589:
5565:
5549:
5529:
5501:, 1851 meeting of the
5487:William Lloyd Garrison
5475:
5391:
5375:
5372:
5352:
5349:Kid Ory Historic House
5336:
5297:
5295:
5287:
5278:benevolent paternalism
5225:
5222:
5164:
5161:
5115:
5073:
5072:, John J. Smith, 1888)
5050:
5027:Dunmore's Proclamation
5013:
4986:
4940:
4932:
4666:Southeastern Woodlands
4646:Northeastern Woodlands
4431:Native American Church
4366:Occupation of Alcatraz
4219:Yakima War (1855–1858)
4175:Sioux Wars (1854–1891)
4151:White River War (1879)
4139:Walker War (1853–1854)
4017:Cherokee–American wars
3815:Native American rights
2959:Dialects and languages
2119:Second Great Migration
1063:British Virgin Islands
615:Circassian slave trade
581:Safavid imperial harem
576:Ottoman Imperial Harem
174:interstate slave trade
31727:Great Revival of 1863
31604:Maryland, My Maryland
31393:Confederate railroads
31056:Civil War Roundtables
30925:Meridian riot of 1871
30920:Memphis riots of 1866
29477:George Luther Stearns
29462:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
29355:Crittenden Compromise
28734:Related ethnic groups
28699:History of the Gambia
28558:Port Royal Experiment
28372:Religion and folklore
28312:Daughters of the Dust
27416:Athletic associations
27351:Negro league baseball
27122:African-American Jews
26841:Ketanji Brown Jackson
26806:Henry Highland Garnet
26665:Negro National Anthem
26415:George Floyd protests
26380:Post–civil rights era
25902:Walk Through Darkness
25838:Underground to Canada
25451:Jermain Wesley Loguen
25396:(1848/1854 VA – 1957)
25323:Ayuba Suleiman Diallo
25139:Konstantin Mihailović
25087:Lovisa von Burghausen
24806:The Quest for Freedom
24471:Charles Turner Torrey
24466:Harriet Beecher Stowe
24431:Harriet Forten Purvis
24015:Slave and free states
24005:Fugitive Slave Clause
23919:List of abolitionists
23772:Slavery in New France
23321:American Abolitionism
23296:, Library of Congress
23260:"Traces of the Trade"
23094:Thayer & Eldridge
22855:Singleton, Theresa A.
22766:10.1353/cap.2020.0000
22707:Yale University Press
22647:(W. W. Norton, 2023)
22563:Slavery & The Law
22403:Morgan, Kenneth, ed.
22277:; Miller, Steven F.;
21506:Fede, Andrew (1992).
21342:Freehling, William W.
21307:10.1093/oahmag/oar004
20525:, W.W. Norton, 1975.
20155:Freehling, William W.
20001:, W.W. Norton, 1989.
19285:Castillo, E.D. 1998.
18350:George M. Fredrickson
17948:. Columbia University
17712:Yale University Press
17174:lcdl.library.cofc.edu
16867:10.1353/cwh.2023.0009
16534:Battle Cry of Freedom
16453:Leonard L. Richards,
15684:Dunn, Marvin (2016).
15547:Allman, T.D. (2013).
15047:10.1089/heq.2017.0045
14354:Internal Slave Trades
13945:All Things Considered
13922:Romney, West Virginia
13719:World Digital Library
13620:Thomas, Hugh (1997).
13337:Davis, J. B. (1933).
12793:World Digital Library
12588:"Endings, Beginnings"
12442:10.1353/aeh.2018.0004
12010:Science & Society
11838:Cartwright, Samuel A.
11808:Cartwright, Samuel A.
11560:Johnson, Soul by Soul
11065:Encyclopedia Virginia
11061:"Fugitive Slave Laws"
10320:. Robert F. Wallcut.
10019:"Slavery in New York"
9535:
9407:
8194:
7915:
7683:Further information:
7589:
7569:
7563:
7552:
7541:
7533:
7527:
7523:
7511:
7476:
7455:
7434:
7409:
7386:, September 22, 1866)
7379:
7368:
7350:
7335:
7292:
7269:Further information:
7247:
7155:
7149:
7136:
7113:Further information:
7096:Port Royal Experiment
7084:Timothy H. O'Sullivan
7077:
7071:
7053:
7031:
6957:Alexander H. Stephens
6953:R. Barnwell Rhett Jr.
6942:
6920:
6872:Battle of Fort Sumter
6827:Prigg v. Pennsylvania
6708:Crittenden Compromise
6543:, oil on paperboard,
6537:
6521:
6498:Further information:
6478:
6457:
6455:
6446:Further information:
6417:
6386:Further information:
6376:
6348:
6321:Further information:
6307:
6285:
6279:
6274:Cincinnati Art Museum
6264:
6208:
6193:
6160:
6109:
6093:
6087:
6075:
6067:
6037:
6010:Further information:
5996:
5984:
5953:
5936:Colonization movement
5901:
5888:Further information:
5845:The slave trade made
5844:
5827:
5735:William Henry Shelton
5725:
5693:
5646:
5621:
5609:
5595:
5571:
5555:
5535:
5480:
5461:
5446:List of abolitionists
5444:Further information:
5420:Crittenden Compromise
5385:
5374:
5358:
5342:
5325:
5310:Further information:
5296:
5294:
5275:
5232:Further information:
5224:
5212:
5181:Further information:
5173:Slave and free states
5163:
5142:
5096:
5089:Fugitive Slave Clause
5087:Further information:
5067:
5040:
5010:Battle of Bunker Hill
5003:
4971:
4958:Further information:
4938:
4926:
4896:Slavery in New France
4890:Further information:
4426:Traditional religions
4334:Civil rights movement
4289:Yaqui Uprising (1896)
4264:Modoc War (1872–1873)
4254:Snake War (1864–1869)
4234:Mohave War(1858–1859)
4163:Bluff Skirmish (1921)
4159:Bluff War (1914–1915)
4109:Tonto War (1871–1875)
3850:Mississippian culture
3805:Civil rights movement
3371:US metropolitan areas
3198:List of neighborhoods
2812:Alabama Creole people
2802:African-American Jews
2734:Negro league baseball
2697:National Urban League
2649:Civic/economic groups
2481:African-American Jews
2371:African-American hair
2233:, after the Civil War
2062:Post–civil rights era
1302:Europe and North Asia
1262:Australia and Oceania
962:Pre-Columbian America
534:Slave raid of Suðuroy
466:Slavery in al-Andalus
388:Black Sea slave trade
317:21st-century jihadism
31614:Daar kom die Alibama
31529:National Union Party
31205:memorials to Lincoln
31125:Lost Cause mythology
30830:Eufaula riot of 1874
30818:Confederate refugees
30031:District of Columbia
29658:Union naval blockade
29504:Underground Railroad
29292:Nullification crisis
29113:Lists of plantations
29082:Underground Railroad
28645:Atlantic slave trade
28320:Gullah Gullah Island
27623:Afro-Seminole Creole
27149:Azusa Street Revival
27021:Booker T. Washington
26545:Underground Railroad
26410:Free people of color
26264:Atlantic slave trade
26100:Caribbean literature
26090:Atlantic slave trade
25643:Twelve Years a Slave
25536:Booker T. Washington
25338:Jordan Winston Early
24790:A Woman Called Moses
24658:opponents of slavery
24631:Thirteenth Amendment
24593:Joshua Glover rescue
24406:Laura Smith Haviland
24335:Underground Railroad
24041:Gag rule (1836–1840)
23902:Underground Railroad
23877:Domestic slave trade
23862:Mandatory illiteracy
23767:Slavery in New Spain
23718:District of Columbia
23222:Gone with the Wind.
23201:American Literature,
22799:36.2 (2022): 81–98.
22340:Blassingame, John W.
22234:An American (1855).
22006:Fox-Amato, Matthew.
21641:Slavery in Tennessee
21586:Jennison, Watson W.
20993:Agricultural History
20622:Rodriguez, Junius P.
20504:Moore, Wilbert Ellis
20498:Encyclopedia of Rape
20300:Hashaw, Tim (2007).
20010:Engerman, Stanley L.
19959:Fehrenbacher, Don E.
19799:Blassingame, John W.
19779:Blackmon, Douglas A.
17919:10.1257/jel.20151334
17754:10.1257/jep.36.2.123
16835:Thomas C. Holt, ed.
16776:– via YouTube.
16506:Potter, pp. 448–554.
16399:Fehrenbacher, Don E.
16238:The Code of Virginia
15784:Brandt, Nat (1990).
15314:www.encyclopedia.com
14731:. Routledge, p. 79.
14727:Andrew Fede (2012).
14644:Lawrence M. Friedman
14591:Clinton, Catherine,
13318:on December 19, 2007
12840:Foner, Eric (2009).
12702:(January 12, 2013).
12554:on October 15, 2007.
11794:Simon & Schuster
11708:Hammond, James Henry
10967:136.3–4 (2008): 293.
10922:Bennett, William J.
10341:Foner, Eric (2010).
9791:Wood, Peter (2003).
9621:List of slave owners
9591:United States portal
8412:District of Columbia
7448:Efficiency of slaves
7248:Color lithograph of
6811:Commonwealth v. Aves
6668:Nashville Convention
6658:Mexican–American War
6628:Nullification crisis
6550:by Eastman Johnson (
6436:Mandatory illiteracy
6341:New York slave codes
6209:Sale at auction, by
5783:'s conspiracy (1822)
5753:'s conspiracy (1800)
5669:Islamic dietary laws
5663:, and a delivery of
5612:Underground Railroad
5574:Joshua Reed Giddings
5450:Underground Railroad
5369:New Orleans Crescent
5283:Anti-Slavery Almanac
5100:Pennsylvania Gazette
5070:Historical Geography
4892:Atlantic slave trade
4607:Tribal disenrollment
4304:Last Massacre (1911)
4269:Nez Perce War (1877)
4022:Northwest Indian War
3770:Racial Integrity Act
3627:in the United States
3528:Criminal stereotypes
3303:District of Columbia
3020:Afro-Seminole Creole
2462:Non-Christian groups
2057:Black power movement
2021:during the Civil War
1990:Atlantic slave trade
1757:Indentured servitude
1685:Underground Railroad
1485:United Arab Emirates
874:Zanzibar slave trade
841:By country or region
654:Atlantic slave trade
556:Ma malakat aymanukum
440:Venetian slave trade
31772:Supreme Court cases
31539:Radical Republicans
31318:Old soldiers' homes
31302:Confederate Veteran
31228:artworks in Capitol
30947:Reconstruction acts
30808:Colfax riot of 1873
29772:Richmond-Petersburg
29377:Fugitive slave laws
29307:Popular sovereignty
29287:Missouri Compromise
29277:Kansas-Nebraska Act
29077:Fugitive slave laws
28460:Charleston red rice
28272:Film and television
28018:Trinidad and Tobago
27633:Black American Sign
27460:By African descent
27454:Ethnic subdivisions
27441:Southwestern (SWAC)
27356:Baseball color line
27271:Black Panther Party
27175:Political movements
27092:in computer science
26751:Carol Moseley Braun
26540:Tulsa race massacre
26533:Treatment of slaves
26365:March on Washington
26360:Birmingham movement
26095:Captivity narrative
25926:The Book of Negroes
25707:The Slave Community
25571:(1845–1847, Brazil)
25498:James Lindsay Smith
25405:John Andrew Jackson
25340:(1814 – after 1894)
25294:(1845 KY – 1938 OH)
25287:William Wells Brown
25246:Jared Maurice Arter
25241:William J. Anderson
25134:Johann Schiltberger
24798:Roots of Resistance
24680:Fugitive slave laws
24426:William Cooper Nell
24262:Radical Republicans
24209:Civil War and after
24137:Members of Congress
23954:List of plantations
23737:U.S. Virgin Islands
23289:Library of Congress
23264:Traces of the Trade
23234:Van Deburg, William
23189:(1913). "Slavery".
23039:G. P. Putnam's Sons
22351:Douglass, Frederick
22178:, Spring 2009, Vol.
22043:Klarman, Michael J.
21740:Sydnor, Charles S.
20236:Genovese, Eugene D.
20108:Franklin, John Hope
19902:Duberman, Martin B.
19803:The Slave Community
19266:Coleman, Ronald G.
18712:Hilt, Eric (2017).
18526:Genovese, Eugene D.
18402:Lindert, Peter H.;
18362:Lindert, Peter H.;
18250:10.1257/jep.1.1.161
18088:10.1093/qje/qjae023
17394:(1): 142, 147–148.
17210:(1): 141, 146–147.
16818:E. Merton Coulter.
16808:. October 30, 2015.
16573:. New York: Knopf.
15853:Genovese, Eugene D.
15716:The Washington Post
14564:"The Scourged Back"
13686:on January 8, 2011.
13606:James A. McMillin,
13106:. January 1, 2006.
12238:McCullough, David.
12158:"Gradual abolition"
12060:Arthur Zilversmit,
11989:American Missionary
11796:. pp. 130–162.
11404:Library of Congress
11398:Jefferson, Thomas.
10901:McCullough, David.
10877:McCullough, David.
10760:. November 28, 2019
9971:Kansas-Nebraska Act
9903:The Washington Post
8203:
7707:West-central Africa
7601:
7575:Old St. Louis Hotel
7538:, August 11, 1860).
7416:Marion Post Wolcott
7295:Radical Republicans
6683:Kansas–Nebraska Act
6623:Missouri Compromise
6613:Northwest Ordinance
6578:
6528:Lexington, Kentucky
5993:, December 1, 1832)
5964:Pennsylvania Colony
5855:Constitutional Whig
5837:Female slave owners
5495:William Wells Brown
5458:Radical Republicans
5371:, January 10, 1861)
4981:of South Carolina (
4612:Reservation poverty
4595:Societal statistics
4519:Ethnic subdivisions
4327:Political movements
4131:Ute Wars(1850–1923)
4048:Second Seminole War
3957:Anglo-Powhatan Wars
3619:Part of a series on
2924:Sierra Leone Creole
2885:Specific ancestries
2770:Southwestern (SWAC)
2293:Black History Month
2124:New Great Migration
2078:Agriculture history
1848:Slave Route Project
974:Americas indigenous
864:Red Sea slave trade
854:Contemporary Africa
717:Topics and practice
487:Crimean slave trade
482:Bukhara slave trade
435:Genoese slave trade
312:Contemporary Africa
292:Forced prostitution
31593:A Lincoln Portrait
31534:Politicians killed
31458:U.S. Balloon Corps
31453:Union corps badges
31233:memorials to Davis
31103:Disenfranchisement
30974:Reconstruction era
30855:Timber Culture Act
30813:Compromise of 1877
29777:Franklin–Nashville
29447:Frederick Douglass
29350:Cornerstone Speech
29267:Compromise of 1850
29215:American Civil War
28944:Plantation economy
28694:History of Senegal
28680:History of Nigeria
28675:History of Liberia
28429:John the Conqueror
28116:US representatives
28111:US cabinet members
28003:Dominican Republic
27590:Metropolitan areas
27431:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
27256:Civic and economic
27234:Self-determination
27055:Education, science
26976:Fred Shuttlesworth
26956:A. Philip Randolph
26861:Coretta Scott King
26786:Frederick Douglass
26613:Harlem Renaissance
26518:Separate but equal
26508:Reconstruction era
26496:Plessy v. Ferguson
26387:Cornerstone Speech
26301:Civil Rights Acts
26284:Black Lives Matter
26259:American Civil War
26049:Unchained Memories
25554:(b. c. 1780 Congo)
25328:Frederick Douglass
25099:Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
24998:Maria ter Meetelen
24801:(1989 documentary)
24461:Calvin Ellis Stowe
24381:Frederick Douglass
24376:Richard Dillingham
24257:Reconstruction era
23385:. August 14, 2019.
23337:Slavery in America
23205:Chapman & Hall
23084:Child, Lydia Maria
22943:978-0-15-101-232-9
22736:Scholarly articles
22654:Morgan, Kenneth O.
22612:(LSU Press, 2006)
22438:Baptist, Edward E.
22399:Slavery Collection
22275:Fields, Barbara J.
22123:Penningroth, Dylan
22096:Neely Jr., Mark E.
22033:American Quarterly
21931:Historical Journal
21760:Taylor, Joe Gray.
21732:Slavery in Alabama
21713:Ripley, C. Peter.
21629:Mohr, Clarence L.
21617:Minges, Patrick N.
21528:Fields, Barbara J.
21449:Patterson, Orlando
21099:Goldwin, Robert A.
20894:3 (September 1974)
20781:. Viking Penguin.
20679:Stampp, Kenneth M.
20288:Harrold, Stanley.
19877:Davis, David Brion
19567:Baptist, Edward E.
19064:10.1353/cwh.0.0141
19004:Gomez, Michael A:
18653:. pp. 22–23.
18455:Robinson, James A.
18406:(September 2012).
18117:. pp. 82–83.
18109:Watkins, James L.
17602:Baptist, Edward E.
16723:(1901), pp. 19–21.
16457:(LSU Press, 2000).
15794:Syracuse, New York
15666:The New York Times
15593:. pp. 78–79.
14885:The New York Times
14666:A. Aguirre, Jr., "
14569:The New York Times
14040:The New York Times
14013:The New York Times
13978:The New York Times
12700:Gates, Henry Louis
12564:Gene Allen Smith,
12337:Uncle Tom's Cabin
12332:Reynolds, David S.
11774:Schott, Thomas E.
11620:McInnis, Maurie D.
11011:Joseph R. Conlin,
10943:Gradert, Kenyon.
10314:"IV, Rhode Island"
10245:Bailyn, Bernard.
10025:, November 7, 2005
9546:
9436:Brookgreen Gardens
9410:
8199:
8197:
7925:
7599:
7592:
7579:
7562:
7540:
7526:
7518:
7501:
7466:
7445:
7424:
7388:
7372:Educational issues
7367:
7360:Angola Prison Farm
7345:
7341:President's Island
7315:
7271:Reconstruction Era
7262:
7242:
7148:
7100:
7070:
7037:
7006:American Civil War
6996:American Civil War
6993:
6937:
6673:Compromise of 1850
6576:American Civil War
6569:
6556:
6532:
6524:William F. Talbott
6491:
6433:
6402:Invisible churches
6379:
6371:
6306:
6287:Andreas Byrenheidt
6278:
6231:
6203:
6188:
6126:
6123:burning of Atlanta
6117:, photographed by
6104:
6086:
6070:
6062:
5995:
5979:
5968:Mississippi Colony
5954:The 1839 Mitchell
5946:History of Liberia
5933:
5862:Black slave owners
5859:
5834:
5747:
5703:
5677:
5630:
5616:
5604:
5590:
5566:
5550:
5530:
5499:Frederick Douglass
5392:
5373:
5353:
5337:
5288:
5223:
5162:
5116:
5074:
5051:
5047:Ethiopian Regiment
5014:
4987:
4974:The Old Plantation
4941:
4933:
4929:Colony of Virginia
4436:Longhouse Religion
4361:Red Power Movement
4339:Self-determination
4274:Bannock War (1878)
4060:American Civil War
4007:Lord Dunmore's War
3930:Tribal sovereignty
3810:Red Power movement
3790:Blood quantum laws
3745:American Civil War
3725:Indian Removal Act
3680:Post-Classic stage
2933:Sexual orientation
2807:Afro-Puerto Ricans
2760:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
2395:Self-determination
2359:Black is beautiful
2025:Reconstruction era
1624:Blockade of Africa
931:Somali slave trade
847:Sub-Saharan Africa
539:Turkish Abductions
497:Khivan slave trade
492:Khazar slave trade
445:Balkan slave trade
403:Prague slave trade
31853:
31852:
31847:
31846:
31815:
31814:
31811:
31810:
31645:Italian Americans
31630:African Americans
31587:John Brown's Body
31340:
31339:
31336:
31335:
31253:
31252:
31091:Robert E. Lee Day
30835:Freedmen's Bureau
30798:Brooks–Baxter War
30729:
30728:
30725:
30724:
30721:
30720:
30513:
30512:
30293:
30292:
30289:
30288:
30285:
30284:
29702:Northern Virginia
29648:Trans-Mississippi
29621:
29620:
29516:
29515:
29512:
29511:
29408:Uncle Tom's Cabin
29345:African Americans
29181:
29180:
28886:
28885:
28866:
28865:
28741:African Americans
28650:History of Angola
28606:(protected site)
28514:
28513:
28506:Culture of Africa
28485:Robot Hive/Exodus
28453:Music and culture
28346:Vibration Cooking
28296:A Soldier's Story
28223:
28222:
28051:African Americans
27923:Dallas–Fort Worth
27518:Black Southerners
27449:
27448:
26901:Thurgood Marshall
26871:Bernard Lafayette
26466:Million Man March
26223:African Americans
26189:
26188:
25961:I, Juan de Pareja
25945:Young adult books
25752:Uncle Tom's Cabin
25595:Non-fiction books
25590:
25589:
25547:Harriet E. Wilson
25431:Elizabeth Keckley
25277:Henry "Box" Brown
25195:(1860–1965, Cuba)
25189:(1797–1854, Cuba)
25144:George of Hungary
25119:(1792 – fl. 1828)
24872:
24871:
24865:Slavery in Canada
24849:(2021 miniseries)
24817:(2013 board game)
24793:(1978 miniseries)
24586:Uncle Tom's Cabin
24301:
24300:
24297:
24296:
24267:Freedmen's Bureau
23253:Documentary films
23134:Miller, Joseph C.
23116:978-0-8298-0945-9
23071:978-0-89587-118-3
23048:978-0-399-23194-0
23012:978-0-451-62781-0
22989:978-0-89587-069-8
22966:978-0-8139-3240-8
22923:978-0-19-534331-1
22716:978-0-300-19200-1
22693:978-0-544-94710-8
22633:978-0-674-04555-2
22601:978-0-8071-6115-9
22550:978-1-56324-590-9
22515:978-0-8122-4841-8
22486:978-0-385-35325-0
22455:978-0-465-00296-2
22411:Rawick, George P.
22366:978-0-9984730-2-4
22112:Parish; Peter J.
22071:William J. Cooper
22056:978-0-19-994203-9
21996:978-0-19-511809-4
21910:Orlando Patterson
21703:Reidy, Joseph P.
21648:Morgan, Edmund S.
21639:Mooney, Chase C.
21495:978-0-8203-3683-1
21327:Prologue Magazine
20702:Tannenbaum, Frank
20690:Tadman, Michael.
20671:Snyder, Terri L.
20517:Morgan, Edmund S.
20465:978-0-8078-3049-9
20374:978-0-674-04555-2
20311:978-0-7867-1718-7
20190:978-0-19-505815-4
20168:978-0-19-505814-7
20096:978-0-393-06618-0
20074:978-0-393-35219-1
19927:978-0-19-530669-9
19845:978-0-7006-1868-2
19790:978-0-385-50625-0
19746:978-1-84467-569-2
19630:978-0-375-41414-5
19580:978-0-465-04966-0
19525:Aptheker, Herbert
19378:978-1-4165-9697-4
19252:978-1-59884-107-7
19237:Parshall, Ardis E
19193:978-1-317-45791-6
19162:Gutglueck, Mark.
19051:Civil War History
19031:978-0-8071-3109-1
18912:978-0-8135-3061-1
18876:978-0-8135-3061-1
18843:978-0-8135-3061-1
18810:978-0-8135-3061-1
18698:978-1-59403-086-4
18660:978-0-691-04625-9
18635:Engerman, Stanley
18619:978-1-59403-086-4
18581:978-0-465-02075-1
18543:978-0-394-71652-7
18514:. pp. 39–40.
18335:978-0-553-21464-2
18293:978-0-393-09038-3
18217:978-0-312-34347-7
17798:10.1111/ehr.12962
17721:978-0-300-19200-1
17690:978-0-674-04555-2
17655:978-0-8122-2417-7
17621:978-0-465-09768-5
17525:on April 1, 2003.
17500:978-1-59403-086-4
17357:978-1-59403-086-4
16996:978-0-8078-1793-3
16855:Civil War History
16806:National Archives
16707:Bruce C. Levine,
16694:978-0-8131-3961-6
16580:978-0-394-50099-7
16493:David M. Potter,
16480:978-0-19-976270-5
16414:978-0-19-502403-6
16323:www.blackpast.org
16155:978-0-300-01762-5
16128:978-0-13-578071-8
16078:978-0-8117-3189-8
16053:978-0-13-578071-8
15955:978-0-8078-6430-2
15885:978-0-8130-1332-9
15811:978-0-8156-0243-9
15695:978-1-5193-7267-3
15657:(June 26, 2020).
15625:978-0-8130-1733-4
15600:978-0-393-29301-2
15558:978-0-8021-2076-2
15479:978-0-8135-4987-3
15371:978-0-8130-4462-0
15288:978-1-61373-893-1
15245:978-0-8147-9461-6
15220:978-0-8203-5403-3
15192:978-1-4443-3929-1
14963:978-0-271-04463-7
14761:978-0-8078-6430-2
14621:978-0-226-55933-9
14572:. pp. 43–45.
14549:2345/bc-ir:104219
14444:978-0-8139-3888-2
14247:978-0-8139-1388-9
14179:on March 22, 2016
14133:978-0-521-00149-6
13892:: F. E. Peacock.
13864:978-0-8139-3887-5
13804:978-1-4421-6709-4
13779:978-0-8130-1332-9
13754:978-0-8223-1992-4
13639:978-0-684-81063-8
13570:978-0-8061-3865-7
13520:978-3-7896-0171-2
13493:978-0-521-57392-4
13466:978-1-4051-4378-3
13439:978-0-8061-5588-3
13412:978-1-4290-2158-6
13385:978-0-8131-4021-6
13353:on March 10, 2015
13278:978-1-4424-4637-3
13245:978-0-87049-530-4
13195:Civil War History
13121:978-0-19-516777-1
13079:978-0-300-25183-8
13021:978-0-300-25183-8
12820:www.okhistory.org
12747:978-0-06-199521-7
12686:978-0-7178-0605-8
12667:Aptheker, Herbert
12607:978-0-06-053916-0
12533:978-0-85773-938-4
12294:978-0-226-69402-3
12284:Gradert, Kenyon.
12171:978-0-275-95799-5
12087:978-1-317-47180-6
11982:(February 1909).
11980:Grimké, Archibald
11912:9-780-8203-3457-8
11710:(March 4, 1858).
11688:978-0-307-26520-3
11596:Beard, Charles A.
11581:978-0-8203-5649-5
11509:McCauley, Byron.
11495:978-0-393-31631-5
11435:978-1-4209-2910-2
11428:. Digireads.com.
11334:978-0-19-511809-4
10953:978-0-226-69402-3
10932:978-1-59555-111-5
10887:978-1-5011-6868-0
10861:978-1-4766-7862-7
10694:978-1-4798-1110-6
10669:978-0-312-58552-5
10593:978-0-8139-0748-2
10542:Selig, Robert A.
10528:978-0-226-29309-7
10463:"Digital History"
10437:978-1-62779-064-2
10416:978-0-8041-3728-7
10327:978-0-557-53528-6
10300:978-1-4766-6453-8
10266:Wood, Gordon S.
10222:978-0-8078-3034-5
10165:978-0-547-56134-9
9982:as a Man of Ideas
9937:978-0-465-00071-5
9870:978-0-87805-588-3
9845:978-0-8130-0323-8
9713:Slavery in Canada
9703:Slavery in Brazil
9513:
9512:
9397:
9396:
8189:
8188:
7905:
7904:
7898:
7877:
7844:
7823:
7802:
7777:
7756:
7723:
7676:
7675:
7595:Slave importation
7477:Survivors of the
7068:, March 18, 1865)
7020:Confiscation Acts
6977:William L. Yancey
6945:Judah P. Benjamin
6915:
6914:
6764:Uncle Tom's Cabin
6571:Events leading to
6392:Black Catholicism
6266:The Quadroon Girl
6215:Exchange Building
6168:, photo taken at
6166:Atchafalaya River
6119:George N. Barnard
6084:, South Carolina)
6059:William Thackeray
5919:on June 6, 1850 (
5857:, April 27, 1827)
5599:Uncle Tom's Cabin
5470:Prudence Crandall
5466:William Ellsworth
5221:
5149:George Washington
5146:'s 1780 portrait
5113:George Washington
5097:Advertisement in
4979:Beaufort District
4869:
4868:
4767:
4766:
4656:Pacific Northwest
4651:Northwest Plateau
4446:Keetoowah Society
4416:Eagle Feather law
4344:Women in politics
4183:Dakota War (1862)
4143:Tintic War (1856)
4055:Osage Indian War
3982:King Philip's War
3832:
3831:
3614:
3613:
3551:
3550:
3449:
3448:
3223:Dallas-Fort Worth
3040:
3039:
2950:
2949:
2894:Americo-Liberians
2777:
2776:
2715:
2714:
2640:
2639:
2509:
2508:
2453:Womanist theology
2403:
2402:
2345:Symbols and ideas
2131:
2130:
2010:Antebellum period
2005:Revolutionary War
1960:African Americans
1945:
1944:
1895:Freedmen's Bureau
1712:Third Servile War
1707:International law
1274:Human trafficking
1036:Human trafficking
711:Thirteen colonies
529:Sack of Baltimore
297:Human trafficking
16:(Redirected from
31973:
31837:
31827:
31826:
31650:Native Americans
31635:German Americans
31428:Partisan rangers
31423:Official Records
31363:
31362:
31346:
31345:
31238:memorials to Lee
31185:
31184:
30746:
30745:
30735:
30734:
30522:
30521:
30319:
30318:
30312:
30311:
30299:
30298:
30272:Washington, D.C.
30066:Indian Territory
30026:Dakota Territory
29984:
29983:
29901:Chancellorsville
29692:Jackson's Valley
29682:Blockade runners
29558:
29557:
29551:
29550:
29522:
29521:
29482:Thaddeus Stevens
29472:Lysander Spooner
29432:Susan B. Anthony
29234:
29233:
29223:
29222:
29208:
29201:
29194:
29185:
29184:
28954:Plantation house
28913:
28906:
28899:
28890:
28889:
28876:
28875:
28665:History of Ghana
28660:History of Congo
28655:History of Benin
28589:Eulonia, Georgia
28584:Daufuskie Island
28538:
28537:
28528:
28522:
28269:
28268:
28250:
28243:
28236:
28227:
28226:
28213:
28212:
28211:
28175:Lynching victims
27674:Louisiana Creole
27645:American English
27533:Louisiana Creole
27506:Choctaw freedmen
27344:
27343:
26881:Huddie Ledbetter
26821:Fannie Lou Hamer
26791:W. E. B. Du Bois
26781:Claudette Colvin
26776:Shirley Chisholm
26593:Family structure
26461:Military history
26343:Browder v. Gayle
26216:
26209:
26202:
26193:
26192:
25792:
25789:
25785:
25782:
25760:The Heroic Slave
25515:Pierre Toussaint
25510:(1793 VA – 1860)
25474:(1827 VA – 1900)
25206:Pierre Toussaint
25041:Antoine Qaurtier
25030:
25027:
24934:
24933:
24906:Slave narratives
24899:
24892:
24885:
24876:
24875:
24833:(2016 TV series)
24493:
24351:William Brinkley
24328:
24321:
24314:
24305:
24304:
23983:Law and politics
23907:Freedmen's towns
23887:Runaway slave ad
23750:
23749:
23712:Federal district
23436:
23429:
23422:
23413:
23412:
23400:
23399:
23349:, March 26, 2008
23274:
23272:
23270:
23208:
23187:Dickens, Charles
23174:
23153:
23120:
23097:
23075:
23052:
23036:
23025:
23016:
22993:
22970:
22931:Blight, David W.
22927:
22895:
22876:
22836:
22812:Political Theory
22807:McCarthy, Thomas
22792:
22790:
22788:
22759:
22720:
22697:
22678:Reséndez, Andrés
22637:
22605:
22576:
22554:
22519:
22490:
22459:
22378:The Heroic Slave
22370:
22332:
22320:
22298:
22279:Reidy, Joseph P.
22263:
22246:Basker, James G.
22241:
22196:
22185:
22181:
22167:
22153:
22132:
22105:
22091:
22060:
22020:
22000:
21976:Fogel, Robert W.
21950:
21936:
21925:
21903:
21876:
21862:
21853:Ayers, Edward L.
21840:
21835:
21833:
21828:on July 22, 2019
21824:. Archived from
21750:Takagi, Midori.
21696:Olwell, Robert.
21690:
21665:
21606:Kulikoff, Alan.
21580:
21555:
21521:
21499:
21468:
21441:
21409:
21369:
21334:
21318:
21283:
21265:
21256:(3/4): 293–313.
21237:
21197:Journal articles
21188:
21139:
21135:978-0945-61216-2
21118:
21091:
21079:
20998:
20985:
20953:
20910:
20893:
20870:
20838:
20806:Journal articles
20792:
20758:
20746:
20709:
20665:
20615:
20593:
20576:Palmer, Colin A.
20547:
20493:
20480:Greenhaven Press
20455:Mason, Matthew.
20449:
20432:Litwack, Leon F.
20425:
20400:
20378:
20315:
20216:
20194:
20172:
20147:
20101:Pulitzer Prize.
20100:
20078:
20056:
20027:
20008:——;
19996:Fogel, Robert W.
19989:
19931:
19909:
19894:
19873:
19849:
19827:
19772:
19750:
19733:Blackburn, Robin
19725:
19703:
19681:
19659:
19634:
19609:
19584:
19559:
19544:
19532:
19499:
19496:
19490:
19487:
19478:
19477:
19466:
19460:
19459:
19425:
19416:
19405:
19392:
19383:
19382:
19364:
19358:
19357:
19349:
19343:
19330:
19324:
19323:
19309:
19303:
19283:
19277:
19276:
19274:
19263:
19257:
19256:
19229:
19223:
19222:
19204:
19198:
19197:
19177:
19168:
19167:
19159:
19153:
19152:
19150:
19148:
19133:
19127:
19126:
19120:
19112:
19106:
19105:
19099:
19091:
19085:
19084:
19066:
19042:
19036:
19035:
19015:
19009:
19002:
18996:
18995:
18985:
18945:
18939:
18936:
18930:
18923:
18917:
18916:
18890:
18881:
18880:
18854:
18848:
18847:
18821:
18815:
18814:
18788:
18782:
18781:
18751:
18745:
18744:
18742:
18718:
18709:
18703:
18702:
18671:
18665:
18664:
18639:Genovese, Eugene
18630:
18624:
18623:
18592:
18586:
18585:
18554:
18548:
18547:
18522:
18516:
18515:
18512:Harper & Row
18500:
18494:
18493:
18483:
18474:(4): 1231–1294.
18463:
18443:
18437:
18436:
18426:
18412:
18399:
18393:
18392:
18372:
18359:
18353:
18346:
18340:
18339:
18320:. Translated by
18304:
18298:
18297:
18281:
18268:
18262:
18261:
18228:
18222:
18221:
18203:
18197:
18196:
18181:Economic Inquiry
18178:
18169:
18163:
18160:
18154:
18153:
18145:
18134:
18133:
18131:
18129:
18106:
18100:
18099:
18071:
18065:
18064:
18046:
18022:
18016:
18015:
18013:
18011:
17988:
17982:
17981:
17960:
17955:
17953:
17937:
17931:
17930:
17899:
17860:
17824:
17818:
17817:
17781:
17775:
17774:
17756:
17732:
17726:
17725:
17701:
17695:
17694:
17669:
17660:
17659:
17632:
17626:
17625:
17598:
17592:
17591:
17565:
17545:
17533:
17527:
17526:
17511:
17505:
17504:
17473:
17467:
17466:
17449:(5): 1534–1575.
17436:
17430:
17429:
17403:
17383:
17371:
17362:
17361:
17330:
17321:
17320:
17290:
17284:
17283:
17242:
17236:
17235:
17194:
17185:
17184:
17182:
17180:
17166:
17160:
17159:
17149:
17125:
17119:
17118:
17078:
17072:
17071:
17045:
17025:
17016:
17015:
17007:
17001:
17000:
16980:
16974:
16971:
16965:
16962:
16956:
16953:
16947:
16946:
16944:
16942:
16919:
16913:
16912:
16910:
16908:
16893:
16887:
16886:
16846:
16840:
16833:
16827:
16816:
16810:
16809:
16798:
16792:
16791:
16785:
16777:
16775:
16773:
16760:
16754:
16753:
16751:
16749:
16740:. Archived from
16730:
16724:
16718:
16712:
16705:
16699:
16698:
16682:
16672:
16666:
16663:
16657:
16656:
16646:
16640:
16634:
16628:
16627:
16624:www.archives.gov
16616:
16610:
16603:Stephen B. Oates
16600:
16594:
16591:
16585:
16584:
16565:Litwack, Leon F.
16561:
16555:
16544:
16538:
16526:
16520:
16513:
16507:
16504:
16498:
16491:
16485:
16484:
16464:
16458:
16451:
16445:
16438:
16432:
16425:
16419:
16418:
16395:
16389:
16384:Paul Finkelman,
16382:
16376:
16375:
16373:
16371:
16357:
16351:
16350:
16341:
16335:
16334:
16332:
16330:
16315:
16309:
16308:
16290:
16284:
16283:
16266:
16260:
16259:
16248:
16242:
16241:
16234:
16228:
16227:
16225:
16223:
16205:
16199:
16192:
16186:
16185:
16183:
16181:
16166:
16160:
16159:
16139:
16133:
16132:
16110:
16097:
16096:
16089:
16083:
16082:
16064:
16058:
16057:
16035:
16029:
16028:
16026:
16024:
16009:
16003:
16002:
15966:
15960:
15959:
15939:
15933:
15930:
15924:
15923:
15921:
15908:
15902:
15896:
15890:
15889:
15871:
15865:
15864:
15849:
15843:
15842:
15822:
15816:
15815:
15791:
15781:
15775:
15774:
15772:
15770:
15753:
15747:
15746:
15744:
15742:
15727:
15721:
15720:
15706:
15700:
15699:
15681:
15675:
15674:
15662:
15651:
15645:
15644:
15636:
15630:
15629:
15611:
15605:
15604:
15582:
15576:
15569:
15563:
15562:
15544:
15535:
15534:
15532:
15530:
15493:
15484:
15483:
15465:
15450:
15449:
15447:
15445:
15430:
15424:
15423:
15410:
15404:
15403:
15382:
15376:
15375:
15357:
15351:
15350:
15348:
15346:
15331:
15325:
15324:
15322:
15320:
15306:
15300:
15299:
15297:
15295:
15272:
15266:
15256:
15250:
15249:
15231:
15225:
15224:
15206:
15197:
15196:
15178:
15172:
15171:
15161:
15151:
15126:
15120:
15119:
15109:
15099:
15075:
15069:
15068:
15058:
15026:
15020:
15019:
15011:
15005:
15004:
15003:. PBS Frontline.
14997:
14991:
14988:
14982:
14979:
14968:
14967:
14947:
14941:
14940:
14938:
14936:
14924:
14918:
14917:
14915:
14913:
14902:
14896:
14895:
14893:
14891:
14876:
14870:
14869:
14833:
14827:
14826:
14798:
14792:
14772:
14766:
14765:
14745:
14739:
14725:
14719:
14712:
14706:
14703:
14697:
14690:
14684:
14681:
14675:
14664:
14658:
14641:
14635:
14632:
14626:
14625:
14605:
14596:
14589:
14583:
14580:
14574:
14573:
14559:
14553:
14552:
14534:
14528:
14527:
14521:
14519:
14505:New-York Tribune
14496:
14490:
14489:
14487:
14485:
14471:
14465:
14464:
14427:
14421:
14420:
14373:
14367:
14366:
14348:
14339:
14334:Johnson (1999),
14332:
14326:
14319:
14313:
14306:
14300:
14293:
14287:
14280:
14274:
14271:
14265:
14258:
14252:
14251:
14235:
14225:
14219:
14217:
14208:
14202:
14195:
14189:
14188:
14186:
14184:
14169:
14163:
14162:
14160:
14158:
14144:
14138:
14137:
14117:
14104:
14097:
14091:
14067:
14061:
14055:
14049:
14048:
14036:
14028:
14022:
14021:
14009:
14001:
13995:
13994:
13992:
13990:
13974:
13966:
13960:
13959:
13957:
13955:
13936:
13930:
13929:
13908:
13902:
13901:
13890:Itasca, Illinois
13878:
13869:
13868:
13846:
13840:
13839:
13837:
13835:
13824:
13815:
13809:
13808:
13790:
13784:
13783:
13765:
13759:
13758:
13738:
13732:
13731:
13729:
13727:
13710:
13704:
13687:
13682:. Archived from
13676:
13670:
13669:
13667:
13665:
13650:
13644:
13643:
13627:
13617:
13611:
13604:
13598:
13597:
13581:
13575:
13574:
13558:
13548:
13542:
13541:
13531:
13525:
13524:
13504:
13498:
13497:
13477:
13471:
13470:
13450:
13444:
13443:
13423:
13417:
13416:
13396:
13390:
13389:
13369:
13363:
13362:
13360:
13358:
13334:
13328:
13327:
13325:
13323:
13299:
13293:
13292:
13287:
13285:
13266:
13256:
13250:
13249:
13227:
13221:
13220:
13214:
13206:
13204:
13202:
13186:
13155:
13146:(1/2): 230–258.
13132:
13126:
13125:
13099:
13088:
13087:
13065:
13059:
13058:
13052:
13050:
13035:
13029:
13028:
13007:
13001:
13000:
12981:10.2307/40027465
12964:
12958:
12957:
12955:
12953:
12947:calendar.eji.org
12938:
12932:
12929:American Slavery
12927:Kolchin (1993),
12925:
12919:
12916:American Slavery
12912:
12906:
12903:American Slavery
12901:Kolchin (1993),
12899:
12893:
12892:
12852:
12846:
12845:
12837:
12824:
12823:
12812:
12806:
12805:
12803:
12801:
12784:
12778:
12777:
12775:
12773:
12758:
12752:
12751:
12739:
12729:
12723:
12722:
12720:
12718:
12696:
12690:
12689:
12663:
12657:
12656:
12618:
12612:
12611:
12580:
12569:
12562:
12556:
12555:
12550:. Archived from
12544:
12538:
12537:
12519:
12510:
12509:
12493:
12487:
12486:
12484:
12482:
12473:. Archived from
12463:
12454:
12453:
12421:
12415:
12414:
12386:
12380:
12373:
12367:
12366:
12364:
12362:
12348:
12342:
12329:
12323:
12316:
12310:
12307:Theodore Parker,
12303:
12297:
12282:
12276:
12275:
12273:
12271:
12257:
12251:
12236:
12230:
12225:Sewall, Samuel.
12223:
12217:
12216:
12214:
12212:
12201:
12192:
12191:, pp. 77–78, 81.
12189:American Slavery
12185:
12176:
12175:
12153:
12147:
12146:
12133:
12127:
12126:
12120:
12111:
12105:
12098:
12092:
12091:
12071:
12065:
12058:
12052:
12051:
12033:
12027:
12026:
12004:
11998:
11997:
11976:
11970:
11969:
11956:
11950:
11949:
11923:
11917:
11916:
11898:
11892:
11891:
11869:
11863:
11862:
11860:
11858:
11834:
11828:
11827:
11825:
11823:
11804:
11798:
11797:
11785:
11779:
11772:
11763:
11762:
11760:
11758:
11742:Fitzhugh, George
11738:
11729:
11728:
11726:
11724:
11704:
11693:
11692:
11668:
11662:
11661:
11627:
11616:
11610:
11609:
11592:
11586:
11585:
11567:
11561:
11558:
11552:
11551:
11549:
11547:
11532:
11526:
11525:
11523:
11521:
11506:
11500:
11499:
11476:Thomas, Emory M.
11472:
11466:
11465:
11463:
11461:
11446:
11440:
11439:
11421:
11415:
11414:
11412:
11410:
11395:
11389:
11388:
11386:
11377:
11371:
11370:
11368:
11366:
11351:
11345:
11344:
11343:
11341:
11308:
11302:
11301:
11264:
11258:
11253:Walter Johnson,
11251:
11242:
11241:
11231:
11191:
11185:
11184:
11144:
11138:
11121:
11110:
11108:
11104:
11100:
11095:
11089:
11082:
11076:
11075:
11073:
11071:
11057:
11051:
11050:
11033:(4): 1133–1174.
11022:
11016:
11009:
11003:
11002:
10974:
10968:
10961:
10955:
10941:
10935:
10920:
10914:
10899:
10890:
10875:
10864:
10849:
10838:
10837:
10835:
10833:
10821:
10815:
10814:
10802:
10796:
10795:
10793:
10791:
10776:
10770:
10769:
10767:
10765:
10750:
10744:
10743:
10735:
10729:
10728:
10718:
10712:
10705:
10699:
10698:
10680:
10674:
10673:
10653:
10647:
10646:
10638:
10632:
10631:
10629:
10627:
10613:
10598:
10597:
10577:
10571:
10570:
10562:
10556:
10555:
10553:
10551:
10539:
10533:
10532:
10512:
10506:
10505:
10498:
10492:
10491:
10484:
10478:
10477:
10475:
10473:
10459:
10453:
10446:
10440:
10425:
10419:
10404:
10398:
10397:
10395:
10393:
10379:
10373:
10353:
10347:
10346:
10338:
10332:
10331:
10309:
10303:
10288:
10279:
10264:
10258:
10243:
10237:
10231:
10225:
10210:
10204:
10201:
10195:
10188:
10182:
10181:
10179:
10177:
10149:
10143:
10142:
10126:
10120:
10119:
10117:
10115:
10100:
10094:
10093:
10091:
10089:
10075:
10069:
10052:
10046:
10032:
10026:
10016:
10010:
10009:
10007:
10005:
9991:
9985:
9975:Guelzo, Allen C.
9967:
9961:
9948:
9942:
9941:
9921:
9915:
9914:
9912:
9910:
9893:
9887:
9881:
9875:
9874:
9856:
9850:
9849:
9829:
9820:
9819:
9811:
9805:
9804:
9788:
9782:
9781:
9759:
9742:
9738:
9732:
9729:
9675:Triangular trade
9593:
9588:
9587:
9586:
9579:
9574:
9573:
9572:
9565:
9560:
9559:
9451:States in Group
9448:Group of States
9445:
9444:
9428:Joshua John Ward
8204:
8185:
8183:
8181:
7927:
7888:
7886:Southeast Africa
7855:
7834:
7813:
7788:
7767:
7734:
7709:
7689:
7688:
7602:
7598:
7571:Divided-back era
7492:
7488:
7469:Prices of slaves
7462:
7459:
7402:Political legacy
7357:
7354:
7299:Thaddeus Stevens
7238:
7232:
7226:
7220:
7214:
7208:
7202:
7196:
7190:
7184:
7178:
7172:
7166:
7160:
6907:
6900:
6893:
6866:Star of the West
6723:Corwin Amendment
6688:Ostend Manifesto
6653:Texas annexation
6648:Texas Revolution
6579:
6568:
6549:
6546:
6304:
6303:, June 16, 1838)
6297:Cahawba Democrat
6295:("$ 100 Reward"
6291:runaway slave ad
6174:Capt. John Lyons
6098:in New Orleans (
6052:
6049:
5972:Louisiana Colony
5921:Sarony & Co.
5908:confronting the
5777:Rebellion (1815)
5765:Rebellion (1805)
5745:
5742:
5706:Slave rebellions
5483:Wendell Phillips
5473:
5215:
4861:
4854:
4847:
4783:Native Americans
4661:The Great Plains
4629:
4628:
4564:
4562:American English
4536:Louisiana Creole
4244:Paiute War(1860)
4170:Posey War (1923)
3865:Iroquois culture
3740:Indian Territory
3690:Age of Discovery
3649:
3648:
3636:
3625:Native Americans
3616:
3615:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3513:media depictions
3462:
3461:
3357:Population count
3053:
3052:
2987:Liberian English
2966:English dialects
2963:
2962:
2919:Samaná Americans
2844:Creoles of color
2790:
2789:
2728:
2727:
2672:Black conductors
2653:
2652:
2522:
2521:
2496:Louisiana Voodoo
2418:
2417:
2163:Family structure
2146:
2145:
2093:Military history
2088:Business history
2019:military history
1974:
1973:
1947:
1946:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1907:Emancipation Day
1735:
1702:Slave Trade Acts
393:Byzantine Empire
235:
208:
207:
192:Windsor, Ontario
154:
145:
134:
125:
114:
105:
94:
85:
74:
65:
21:
18:American slavery
31981:
31980:
31976:
31975:
31974:
31972:
31971:
31970:
31856:
31855:
31854:
31849:
31848:
31843:
31807:
31791:
31676:
31640:Irish Americans
31618:
31563:
31472:
31463:U.S. Home Guard
31403:Field artillery
31357:
31356:
31332:
31274:
31249:
31211:
31180:
31174:
31066:Civil War Trust
31033:
31027:
30915:Ethnic violence
30900:Kirk–Holden war
30779:
30740:
30717:
30651:
30509:
30453:
30306:
30281:
30235:
29988:
29975:
29806:
29787:Sherman's March
29767:Bermuda Hundred
29662:
29617:
29589:
29545:
29544:
29508:
29467:J. Sella Martin
29437:James G. Birney
29413:
29331:
29257:Bleeding Kansas
29245:
29228:
29217:
29212:
29182:
29177:
29107:
29098:Convict leasing
29086:
29008:
28960:
28937:Ancient planter
28920:
28917:
28887:
28882:
28862:
28729:
28626:Related history
28621:
28567:
28563:Stono Rebellion
28548:Bilali Document
28529:
28523:
28510:
28494:Related culture
28489:
28448:
28424:Hot foot powder
28394:Flying Africans
28367:
28363:Gullah language
28351:
28326:
28260:
28254:
28224:
28219:
28209:
28207:
28194:
28160:Historic places
28153:US state firsts
28039:
27954:
27678:
27611:
27583:2010 majorities
27578:2000 majorities
27549:
27496:Black Seminoles
27445:
27436:Southern (SIAC)
27419:
27418:and conferences
27417:
27410:
27406:Serena Williams
27401:Jackie Robinson
27335:
27259:
27257:
27250:
27170:
27137:Nation of Islam
27108:
27056:
27050:
26991:Sojourner Truth
26981:Clarence Thomas
26946:Gabriel Prosser
26846:Michael Jackson
26721:Crispus Attucks
26711:Ralph Abernathy
26699:
26655:Musical theater
26554:
26420:Great Migration
26392:COVID-19 impact
26350:Sit-in movement
26225:
26220:
26190:
26185:
26131:Book of Negroes
26085:Anti-Tom novels
26063:
26036:
26001:
25975:
25940:
25910:The Known World
25790:
25783:
25721:
25683:Up from Slavery
25586:
25575:Miguel de Buría
25557:
25526:Wallace Turnage
25462:Solomon Northup
25394:Fountain Hughes
25236:Jordan Anderson
25223:
25217:
25193:Esteban Montejo
25179:
25173:
25154:
25148:
25122:
25093:Olaudah Equiano
25075:
25058:
25028:
24992:Elizabeth Marsh
24980:Ólafur Egilsson
24968:Felice Caronni
24929:
24927:
24921:
24908:
24903:
24873:
24868:
24867:
24852:
24729:
24675:Fugitive slaves
24636:
24573:Christiana Riot
24534:
24494:
24485:
24386:Calvin Fairbank
24337:
24332:
24302:
24293:
24282:Freedmen's town
24203:
24182:Slave marriages
24155:and procreation
24154:
24152:
24146:
24132:Vice presidents
24046:Nullifier Party
24025:Fugitive slaves
23978:
23974:Slave narrative
23912:Black Canadians
23832:
23826:
23741:
23720:
23706:
23445:
23440:
23405:
23333:(4-part series)
23281:
23268:
23266:
23258:
23255:
23215:
23182:
23177:
23171:
23150:
23128:
23123:
23117:
23100:
23080:Jacobs, Harriet
23078:
23072:
23055:
23049:
23028:
23019:
23013:
22996:
22990:
22973:
22967:
22948:
22924:
22903:
22898:
22879:
22853:
22843:, 35(1), 3–22.
22805:
22786:
22784:
22770:
22757:
22738:
22733:
22717:
22694:
22634:
22620:Johnson, Walter
22618:
22602:
22573:
22551:
22537:Finkelman, Paul
22531:Online Reviews.
22516:
22487:
22477:Knopf Doubleday
22465:
22456:
22436:
22425:
22423:Scholarly books
22420:
22386:Julia Griffiths
22367:
22317:
22295:
22260:
22233:
22212:
22210:Primary sources
22207:
22204:(1998), ch. 2–4
22200:Tulloch, Hugh.
22194:
22183:
22179:
22165:
22151:
22139:Rael, Patrick.
22130:
22103:
22089:
22057:
22018:
21997:
21948:
21934:
21933:(1979) 33#4 pp.
21923:
21901:
21874:
21860:
21848:
21843:
21831:
21829:
21811:
21803:Negroes To Hire
21797:
21792:
21687:
21662:
21577:
21552:
21518:
21496:
21479:
21474:
21453:Social Research
21358:10.2307/1856595
21291:Finkelman, Paul
21218:10.2307/2713433
21199:
21194:
21185:
21136:
21115:
21076:
21049:
21044:
21039:Southern Spaces
21024:
21019:
20996:
20974:10.2307/1922187
20934:10.2307/2716327
20918:Lynd, Staughton
20899:Finkelman, Paul
20891:
20827:10.2307/1904203
20808:
20803:
20793:Republished as
20789:
20743:
20612:
20590:
20544:
20490:
20422:
20397:
20375:
20361:Johnson, Walter
20312:
20213:
20191:
20169:
20144:
20097:
20075:
20053:
20024:
19986:
19972:Finkelman, Paul
19938:Elkins, Stanley
19928:
19870:
19846:
19769:
19747:
19722:
19700:
19678:
19656:
19631:
19606:
19581:
19519:
19514:
19508:
19503:
19502:
19497:
19493:
19489:Kolchin p. 134.
19488:
19481:
19467:
19463:
19423:
19417:
19408:
19402:Wayback Machine
19393:
19386:
19379:
19365:
19361:
19350:
19346:
19340:Wayback Machine
19331:
19327:
19310:
19306:
19296:Wayback Machine
19284:
19280:
19272:
19264:
19260:
19253:
19230:
19226:
19205:
19201:
19194:
19178:
19171:
19160:
19156:
19146:
19144:
19134:
19130:
19118:
19114:
19113:
19109:
19097:
19093:
19092:
19088:
19043:
19039:
19032:
19016:
19012:
19003:
18999:
18946:
18942:
18937:
18933:
18924:
18920:
18913:
18891:
18884:
18877:
18855:
18851:
18844:
18822:
18818:
18811:
18789:
18785:
18752:
18748:
18716:
18710:
18706:
18699:
18685:Encounter Books
18672:
18668:
18661:
18631:
18627:
18620:
18606:Encounter Books
18593:
18589:
18582:
18555:
18551:
18544:
18523:
18519:
18501:
18497:
18461:
18447:Acemoğlu, Daron
18444:
18440:
18410:
18400:
18396:
18370:
18360:
18356:
18347:
18343:
18336:
18328:. p. 419.
18305:
18301:
18294:
18269:
18265:
18229:
18225:
18218:
18204:
18200:
18176:
18170:
18166:
18161:
18157:
18146:
18137:
18127:
18125:
18107:
18103:
18072:
18068:
18023:
18019:
18009:
18007:
17989:
17985:
17951:
17949:
17938:
17934:
17825:
17821:
17782:
17778:
17733:
17729:
17722:
17702:
17698:
17691:
17673:Johnson, Walter
17670:
17663:
17656:
17633:
17629:
17622:
17599:
17595:
17563:10.1.1.482.4975
17543:
17537:Whaples, Robert
17534:
17530:
17513:
17512:
17508:
17501:
17487:Encounter Books
17474:
17470:
17455:10.2307/2652029
17437:
17433:
17401:10.1.1.482.4975
17381:
17375:Whaples, Robert
17372:
17365:
17358:
17344:Encounter Books
17331:
17324:
17291:
17287:
17246:Whaples, Robert
17243:
17239:
17198:Whaples, Robert
17195:
17188:
17178:
17176:
17168:
17167:
17163:
17126:
17122:
17079:
17075:
17043:10.1.1.397.3549
17026:
17019:
17008:
17004:
16997:
16981:
16977:
16972:
16968:
16963:
16959:
16954:
16950:
16940:
16938:
16928:Washington Post
16920:
16916:
16906:
16904:
16895:
16894:
16890:
16847:
16843:
16834:
16830:
16817:
16813:
16800:
16799:
16795:
16779:
16778:
16771:
16769:
16762:
16761:
16757:
16747:
16745:
16744:on May 27, 2007
16732:
16731:
16727:
16721:Up from Slavery
16719:
16715:
16706:
16702:
16695:
16673:
16669:
16664:
16660:
16647:
16643:
16635:
16631:
16618:
16617:
16613:
16601:
16597:
16592:
16588:
16581:
16562:
16558:
16545:
16541:
16527:
16523:
16515:Stahr, Walter,
16514:
16510:
16505:
16501:
16492:
16488:
16481:
16465:
16461:
16452:
16448:
16439:
16435:
16426:
16422:
16415:
16396:
16392:
16383:
16379:
16369:
16367:
16359:
16358:
16354:
16343:
16342:
16338:
16328:
16326:
16325:. June 27, 2007
16317:
16316:
16312:
16291:
16287:
16267:
16263:
16250:
16249:
16245:
16236:
16235:
16231:
16221:
16219:
16206:
16202:
16193:
16189:
16179:
16177:
16168:
16167:
16163:
16156:
16140:
16136:
16129:
16111:
16100:
16091:
16090:
16086:
16079:
16065:
16061:
16054:
16036:
16032:
16022:
16020:
16010:
16006:
15983:10.2307/2211064
15967:
15963:
15956:
15940:
15936:
15931:
15927:
15909:
15905:
15897:
15893:
15886:
15872:
15868:
15850:
15846:
15823:
15819:
15812:
15782:
15778:
15768:
15766:
15754:
15750:
15740:
15738:
15730:Bercaw, Nancy.
15728:
15724:
15707:
15703:
15696:
15682:
15678:
15652:
15648:
15637:
15633:
15626:
15612:
15608:
15601:
15583:
15579:
15570:
15566:
15559:
15545:
15538:
15528:
15526:
15516:10.2307/2567914
15494:
15487:
15480:
15466:
15453:
15443:
15441:
15431:
15427:
15411:
15407:
15383:
15379:
15372:
15358:
15354:
15344:
15342:
15332:
15328:
15318:
15316:
15308:
15307:
15303:
15293:
15291:
15289:
15273:
15269:
15257:
15253:
15246:
15232:
15228:
15221:
15207:
15200:
15193:
15179:
15175:
15127:
15123:
15076:
15072:
15027:
15023:
15012:
15008:
14999:
14998:
14994:
14990:Marable, p. 74.
14989:
14985:
14980:
14971:
14964:
14948:
14944:
14934:
14932:
14925:
14921:
14911:
14909:
14904:
14903:
14899:
14889:
14887:
14877:
14873:
14850:10.2307/2207450
14834:
14830:
14799:
14795:
14785:Wayback Machine
14773:
14769:
14762:
14746:
14742:
14726:
14722:
14713:
14709:
14704:
14700:
14691:
14687:
14682:
14678:
14665:
14661:
14642:
14638:
14633:
14629:
14622:
14606:
14599:
14590:
14586:
14581:
14577:
14560:
14556:
14535:
14531:
14517:
14515:
14497:
14493:
14483:
14481:
14473:
14472:
14468:
14445:
14431:Dew, Charles B.
14428:
14424:
14393:10.2307/2714086
14375:
14374:
14370:
14349:
14342:
14333:
14329:
14320:
14316:
14307:
14303:
14294:
14290:
14281:
14277:
14273:Kolchin, p. 98.
14272:
14268:
14259:
14255:
14248:
14226:
14222:
14215:
14209:
14205:
14196:
14192:
14182:
14180:
14171:
14170:
14166:
14156:
14154:
14146:
14145:
14141:
14134:
14118:
14107:
14098:
14094:
14068:
14064:
14056:
14052:
14029:
14025:
14002:
13998:
13988:
13986:
13967:
13963:
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13933:
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13905:
13879:
13872:
13865:
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13791:
13787:
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13762:
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13707:
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13647:
13640:
13618:
13614:
13605:
13601:
13582:
13578:
13571:
13549:
13545:
13532:
13528:
13521:
13505:
13501:
13494:
13478:
13474:
13467:
13451:
13447:
13440:
13424:
13420:
13413:
13397:
13393:
13386:
13370:
13366:
13356:
13354:
13335:
13331:
13321:
13319:
13300:
13296:
13283:
13281:
13279:
13257:
13253:
13246:
13228:
13224:
13208:
13207:
13200:
13198:
13175:10.2307/1887236
13133:
13129:
13122:
13101:
13100:
13091:
13080:
13066:
13062:
13048:
13046:
13036:
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13022:
13008:
13004:
12965:
12961:
12951:
12949:
12939:
12935:
12926:
12922:
12913:
12909:
12900:
12896:
12853:
12849:
12842:Give Me Liberty
12838:
12827:
12814:
12813:
12809:
12799:
12797:
12786:
12785:
12781:
12771:
12769:
12759:
12755:
12748:
12730:
12726:
12716:
12714:
12697:
12693:
12687:
12664:
12660:
12637:10.2307/2713676
12619:
12615:
12608:
12581:
12572:
12563:
12559:
12546:
12545:
12541:
12534:
12520:
12513:
12494:
12490:
12480:
12478:
12477:on July 8, 2018
12465:
12464:
12457:
12422:
12418:
12403:10.2307/2204556
12387:
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11821:
11819:
11805:
11801:
11786:
11782:
11778:, 1996, p. 334.
11773:
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11593:
11589:
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11555:
11545:
11543:
11541:The Daily Beast
11533:
11529:
11519:
11517:
11507:
11503:
11496:
11473:
11469:
11459:
11457:
11449:Lee, Robert E.
11447:
11443:
11436:
11422:
11418:
11408:
11406:
11396:
11392:
11384:
11378:
11374:
11364:
11362:
11352:
11348:
11339:
11337:
11335:
11309:
11305:
11265:
11261:
11252:
11245:
11192:
11188:
11145:
11141:
11131:Wayback Machine
11122:
11113:
11106:
11102:
11098:
11096:
11092:
11084:Stahr, Walter,
11083:
11079:
11069:
11067:
11059:
11058:
11054:
11023:
11019:
11010:
11006:
10979:History Compass
10975:
10971:
10962:
10958:
10942:
10938:
10921:
10917:
10900:
10893:
10876:
10867:
10850:
10841:
10831:
10829:
10822:
10818:
10803:
10799:
10789:
10787:
10786:. March 3, 2015
10778:
10777:
10773:
10763:
10761:
10752:
10751:
10747:
10736:
10732:
10719:
10715:
10707:Peter Kolchin,
10706:
10702:
10695:
10681:
10677:
10670:
10654:
10650:
10639:
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10625:
10623:
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10547:
10540:
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10500:
10499:
10495:
10486:
10485:
10481:
10471:
10469:
10461:
10460:
10456:
10448:Ayres, Edward.
10447:
10443:
10426:
10422:
10406:Hoock, Holger.
10405:
10401:
10391:
10389:
10381:
10380:
10376:
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10350:
10339:
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10150:
10146:
10127:
10123:
10113:
10111:
10101:
10097:
10087:
10085:
10077:
10076:
10072:
10064:, Hashaw, Tim;
10062:Wayback Machine
10053:
10049:
10033:
10029:
10017:
10013:
10003:
10001:
9993:
9992:
9988:
9980:Abraham Lincoln
9968:
9964:
9958:Wayback Machine
9949:
9945:
9938:
9922:
9918:
9908:
9906:
9894:
9890:
9882:
9878:
9871:
9857:
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9830:
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9812:
9808:
9789:
9785:
9778:
9760:
9756:
9751:
9746:
9745:
9739:
9735:
9730:
9726:
9721:
9698:Slavery in Cuba
9684:
9679:
9589:
9584:
9582:
9575:
9570:
9568:
9563:Business portal
9561:
9554:
9551:
9530:
9524:
9518:
9402:
8208:
8179:
8177:
8173:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7931:
7910:
7732:Bight of Biafra
7701:(exceeds 100%)
7700:
7695:
7693:
7687:
7681:
7597:
7584:
7547:
7506:
7490:
7486:
7471:
7460:
7450:
7429:
7422:, October 1939)
7404:
7399:
7393:
7374:
7355:
7330:
7322:Main articles:
7320:
7318:Convict leasing
7287:
7277:
7267:
7240:
7236:
7234:
7230:
7228:
7224:
7222:
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7131:
7125:
7111:
7105:
7048:
7042:
7026:
7016:
7000:Main articles:
6998:
6985:Isham G. Harris
6965:Jefferson Davis
6929:Jefferson Davis
6911:
6882:
6881:
6860:
6852:
6851:
6800:
6792:
6791:
6770:Bleeding Kansas
6736:
6728:
6727:
6608:
6600:
6599:
6585:
6573:
6567:
6561:
6552:Brooklyn Museum
6547:
6516:
6510:Bleeding Kansas
6506:
6496:
6473:
6465:Main articles:
6463:
6454:
6444:
6438:
6419:Eastman Johnson
6412:
6398:
6384:
6353:Jonathan Walker
6343:
6333:
6319:
6313:
6301:Cahaba, Alabama
6294:
6259:
6243:Main articles:
6241:
6236:
6229:, Havana, Cuba)
6211:Alonzo J. White
6179:carte de visite
6155:
6137:
6131:
6096:St. Louis Hotel
6044:
6032:
6022:
6008:
6002:
5976:Maryland Colony
5948:
5940:Main articles:
5938:
5925:Andrew H. Foote
5896:
5886:
5881:
5875:
5870:
5864:
5839:
5822:
5737:
5720:
5714:
5708:
5688:
5682:
5641:
5635:
5538:Manasseh Cutler
5491:George Thompson
5474:
5468:, attorney for
5464:
5460:
5442:
5436:
5380:
5363:at Barrone and
5320:
5314:
5308:
5302:
5293:
5270:
5260:American gentry
5240:
5230:
5207:
5197:
5179:
5171:Main articles:
5169:
5137:
5127:
5121:
5091:
5085:
5079:
5062:
5056:
5043:Black Loyalists
5035:
5033:Book of Negroes
5029:
5021:Main articles:
5019:
5017:Black Loyalists
4998:
4992:
4966:
4956:
4948:Main articles:
4946:
4921:
4902:
4888:
4876:Main articles:
4874:
4865:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4777:
4769:
4768:
4763:
4675:
4626:
4618:
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4467:
4466:
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4400:
4392:
4391:
4390:
4328:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4279:Crow War (1887)
3946:
3936:
3935:
3934:
3860:Hohokam culture
3844:
3834:
3833:
3685:Woodland period
3670:Formative stage
3646:
3610:
3562:
3560:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3503:
3459:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3390:
3352:
3328:Omaha, Nebraska
3293:Historic places
3287:
3179:
3050:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3001:
2960:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2928:
2880:
2822:Black Seminoles
2787:
2786:Sub-communities
2779:
2778:
2765:Southern (SIAC)
2725:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2666:
2650:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2553:
2519:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2491:Nation of Islam
2457:
2434:
2415:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2340:
2307:
2274:
2246:
2207:
2183:Musical theater
2143:
2133:
2132:
2114:Great Migration
1971:
1941:
1912:
1911:
1816:Slave narrative
1767:Fugitive slaves
1747:
1739:
1738:
1729:
1697:Slave rebellion
1552:
1542:
1541:
1500:
1490:
1489:
1312:United Kingdom
1248:Yankee princess
842:
834:
833:
561:Avret Pazarları
507:Avret Pazarları
376:Medieval Europe
342:
332:
331:
270:Forced marriage
245:
206:
205:
204:
203:
170:Margaret Garner
157:
156:
155:
147:
146:
137:
136:
135:
127:
126:
117:
116:
115:
107:
106:
97:
96:
95:
87:
86:
77:
76:
75:
67:
66:
55:
49:
40:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
31979:
31969:
31968:
31963:
31958:
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31948:
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31820:
31817:
31816:
31813:
31812:
31809:
31808:
31806:
31805:
31799:
31797:
31793:
31792:
31790:
31789:
31787:Women soldiers
31784:
31779:
31774:
31769:
31764:
31759:
31754:
31749:
31744:
31742:Naming the war
31739:
31734:
31729:
31724:
31723:
31722:
31712:
31711:
31710:
31700:
31695:
31690:
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31435:
31430:
31425:
31420:
31415:
31410:
31405:
31400:
31395:
31390:
31385:
31380:
31378:Campaign Medal
31375:
31369:
31367:
31359:
31358:
31355:
31354:
31353:Related topics
31350:
31342:
31341:
31338:
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31331:
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31325:
31320:
31315:
31310:
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31122:
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31115:
31110:
31100:
31095:
31094:
31093:
31088:
31083:
31081:Decoration Day
31078:
31073:
31068:
31063:
31058:
31053:
31048:
31037:
31035:
31034:Reconstruction
31029:
31028:
31026:
31025:
31020:
31015:
31014:
31013:
31003:
30998:
30993:
30992:
30991:
30981:
30976:
30971:
30970:
30969:
30964:
30959:
30954:
30944:
30943:
30942:
30937:
30932:
30927:
30922:
30912:
30907:
30902:
30897:
30896:
30895:
30890:
30888:second inquiry
30885:
30880:
30875:
30870:
30860:
30859:
30858:
30852:
30845:Homestead Acts
30842:
30837:
30832:
30827:
30826:
30825:
30815:
30810:
30805:
30800:
30795:
30793:Alabama Claims
30789:
30787:
30785:Reconstruction
30781:
30780:
30778:
30777:
30776:
30775:
30773:15th Amendment
30770:
30768:14th Amendment
30765:
30763:13th Amendment
30754:
30752:
30742:
30741:
30731:
30730:
30727:
30726:
30723:
30722:
30719:
30718:
30716:
30715:
30710:
30705:
30700:
30695:
30690:
30685:
30680:
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30650:
30649:
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30614:
30609:
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30599:
30594:
30589:
30584:
30579:
30574:
30569:
30564:
30559:
30554:
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30534:
30528:
30526:
30519:
30515:
30514:
30511:
30510:
30508:
30507:
30502:
30497:
30492:
30487:
30482:
30477:
30472:
30467:
30461:
30459:
30455:
30454:
30452:
30451:
30446:
30441:
30436:
30431:
30426:
30421:
30416:
30411:
30406:
30401:
30396:
30394:J. E. Johnston
30391:
30389:A. S. Johnston
30386:
30381:
30376:
30371:
30366:
30361:
30356:
30351:
30346:
30341:
30336:
30331:
30329:R. H. Anderson
30325:
30323:
30316:
30308:
30307:
30295:
30294:
30291:
30290:
30287:
30286:
30283:
30282:
30280:
30279:
30274:
30269:
30264:
30259:
30254:
30249:
30243:
30241:
30237:
30236:
30234:
30233:
30228:
30223:
30218:
30213:
30208:
30203:
30198:
30193:
30191:South Carolina
30188:
30183:
30178:
30173:
30168:
30166:North Carolina
30163:
30158:
30153:
30148:
30143:
30138:
30133:
30128:
30123:
30118:
30113:
30108:
30103:
30098:
30093:
30088:
30083:
30078:
30073:
30068:
30063:
30058:
30053:
30048:
30043:
30038:
30033:
30028:
30023:
30018:
30013:
30008:
30003:
29998:
29992:
29990:
29981:
29977:
29976:
29974:
29973:
29968:
29963:
29958:
29953:
29948:
29943:
29938:
29933:
29928:
29923:
29918:
29913:
29908:
29903:
29898:
29893:
29891:Fredericksburg
29888:
29883:
29878:
29873:
29868:
29863:
29858:
29853:
29848:
29843:
29838:
29833:
29831:Wilson's Creek
29828:
29823:
29817:
29815:
29808:
29807:
29805:
29804:
29799:
29794:
29789:
29784:
29779:
29774:
29769:
29764:
29759:
29754:
29749:
29744:
29739:
29734:
29729:
29724:
29719:
29714:
29709:
29704:
29699:
29694:
29689:
29684:
29679:
29673:
29671:
29664:
29663:
29661:
29660:
29655:
29650:
29645:
29643:Lower Seaboard
29640:
29635:
29629:
29627:
29623:
29622:
29619:
29618:
29616:
29615:
29610:
29605:
29599:
29597:
29591:
29590:
29588:
29587:
29582:
29577:
29572:
29566:
29564:
29555:
29547:
29546:
29543:
29542:
29539:
29536:
29533:
29530:
29526:
29518:
29517:
29514:
29513:
29510:
29509:
29507:
29506:
29501:
29499:Harriet Tubman
29496:
29495:
29494:
29487:Charles Sumner
29484:
29479:
29474:
29469:
29464:
29459:
29454:
29449:
29444:
29439:
29434:
29429:
29423:
29421:
29415:
29414:
29412:
29411:
29404:
29399:
29394:
29389:
29384:
29379:
29374:
29369:
29364:
29357:
29352:
29347:
29341:
29339:
29333:
29332:
29330:
29329:
29324:
29322:States' rights
29319:
29314:
29309:
29304:
29299:
29294:
29289:
29284:
29279:
29274:
29269:
29264:
29259:
29254:
29248:
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29237:
29230:
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29219:
29218:
29211:
29210:
29203:
29196:
29188:
29179:
29178:
29176:
29175:
29170:
29165:
29163:South Carolina
29160:
29158:North Carolina
29155:
29150:
29145:
29140:
29135:
29134:
29133:
29123:
29117:
29115:
29109:
29108:
29106:
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29094:
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29088:
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29085:
29084:
29079:
29074:
29073:
29072:
29067:
29062:
29054:
29053:
29052:
29047:
29042:
29040:Slave breeding
29037:
29032:
29027:
29016:
29014:
29010:
29009:
29007:
29006:
29001:
28996:
28991:
28986:
28981:
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28979:
28968:
28966:
28962:
28961:
28959:
28958:
28957:
28956:
28946:
28941:
28940:
28939:
28928:
28926:
28925:The plantation
28922:
28921:
28916:
28915:
28908:
28901:
28893:
28884:
28883:
28871:
28868:
28867:
28864:
28863:
28861:
28860:
28855:
28854:
28853:
28848:
28843:
28838:
28833:
28828:
28818:
28813:
28808:
28803:
28798:
28793:
28788:
28783:
28778:
28773:
28768:
28763:
28758:
28753:
28748:
28743:
28737:
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28727:
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28703:
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28696:
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28667:
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28652:
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28596:
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28581:
28575:
28573:
28569:
28568:
28566:
28565:
28560:
28555:
28550:
28544:
28542:
28541:History topics
28535:
28531:
28530:
28517:
28515:
28512:
28511:
28509:
28508:
28503:
28497:
28495:
28491:
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28482:
28477:
28472:
28467:
28462:
28456:
28454:
28450:
28449:
28447:
28446:
28441:
28436:
28431:
28426:
28421:
28416:
28411:
28409:Black cat bone
28406:
28401:
28396:
28391:
28386:
28381:
28375:
28373:
28369:
28368:
28366:
28365:
28359:
28357:
28353:
28352:
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28332:
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28172:
28167:
28162:
28157:
28156:
28155:
28150:
28145:
28135:
28134:
28133:
28128:
28126:Visual artists
28123:
28118:
28113:
28108:
28103:
28098:
28093:
28088:
28086:Mathematicians
28083:
28078:
28073:
28068:
28063:
28058:
28047:
28045:
28041:
28040:
28038:
28037:
28036:
28035:
28027:
28022:
28021:
28020:
28015:
28010:
28005:
28000:
27992:
27991:
27990:
27985:
27980:
27975:
27964:
27962:
27956:
27955:
27953:
27952:
27947:
27942:
27937:
27936:
27935:
27930:
27925:
27920:
27910:
27905:
27903:South Carolina
27900:
27895:
27894:
27893:
27885:
27880:
27875:
27873:North Carolina
27870:
27869:
27868:
27858:
27853:
27852:
27851:
27841:
27836:
27835:
27834:
27826:
27825:
27824:
27818:Massachusetts
27816:
27815:
27814:
27804:
27799:
27798:
27797:
27787:
27782:
27781:
27780:
27770:
27765:
27764:
27763:
27753:
27748:
27747:
27746:
27736:
27735:
27734:
27729:
27719:
27714:
27713:
27712:
27707:
27697:
27692:
27686:
27684:
27680:
27679:
27677:
27676:
27671:
27666:
27665:
27664:
27663:
27662:
27660:social context
27657:
27647:
27637:
27636:
27635:
27625:
27619:
27617:
27613:
27612:
27610:
27609:
27608:
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27587:
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27569:
27568:
27557:
27555:
27551:
27550:
27548:
27547:
27542:
27541:
27540:
27530:
27525:
27520:
27515:
27514:
27513:
27511:Creek Freedmen
27508:
27503:
27498:
27488:
27486:Alabama Creole
27483:
27482:
27481:
27476:
27471:
27466:
27457:
27455:
27451:
27450:
27447:
27446:
27444:
27443:
27438:
27433:
27428:
27426:Central (CIAA)
27422:
27420:
27415:
27412:
27411:
27409:
27408:
27403:
27398:
27393:
27388:
27383:
27378:
27373:
27368:
27363:
27358:
27353:
27347:
27341:
27337:
27336:
27334:
27333:
27328:
27323:
27318:
27313:
27308:
27303:
27298:
27293:
27288:
27283:
27278:
27273:
27268:
27262:
27260:
27255:
27252:
27251:
27249:
27248:
27243:
27242:
27241:
27231:
27226:
27221:
27219:Pan-Africanism
27216:
27211:
27206:
27201:
27200:
27199:
27189:
27184:
27178:
27176:
27172:
27171:
27169:
27168:
27163:
27161:Black theology
27158:
27153:
27152:
27151:
27141:
27140:
27139:
27134:
27124:
27118:
27116:
27110:
27109:
27107:
27106:
27105:
27104:
27102:in STEM fields
27099:
27094:
27086:
27081:
27076:
27071:
27066:
27060:
27058:
27057:and technology
27052:
27051:
27049:
27048:
27043:
27038:
27033:
27028:
27023:
27018:
27013:
27008:
27003:
26998:
26996:Harriet Tubman
26993:
26988:
26983:
26978:
26973:
26968:
26963:
26958:
26953:
26948:
26943:
26938:
26933:
26928:
26926:Michelle Obama
26923:
26918:
26913:
26908:
26903:
26898:
26893:
26888:
26883:
26878:
26873:
26868:
26863:
26858:
26856:Barbara Jordan
26853:
26851:Harriet Jacobs
26848:
26843:
26838:
26833:
26828:
26823:
26818:
26813:
26808:
26803:
26798:
26793:
26788:
26783:
26778:
26773:
26768:
26763:
26758:
26753:
26748:
26743:
26741:Amelia Boynton
26738:
26733:
26728:
26723:
26718:
26713:
26707:
26705:
26704:Notable people
26701:
26700:
26698:
26697:
26692:
26687:
26682:
26677:
26672:
26667:
26662:
26657:
26652:
26647:
26642:
26640:LGBT community
26637:
26632:
26627:
26622:
26621:
26620:
26610:
26605:
26600:
26595:
26590:
26585:
26580:
26575:
26570:
26564:
26562:
26556:
26555:
26553:
26552:
26547:
26542:
26537:
26536:
26535:
26525:
26520:
26515:
26510:
26505:
26500:
26492:
26487:
26480:
26473:
26468:
26463:
26458:
26453:
26448:
26439:
26434:
26433:
26432:
26427:
26417:
26412:
26407:
26402:
26394:
26389:
26384:
26383:
26382:
26377:
26372:
26367:
26362:
26357:
26355:Freedom Riders
26352:
26347:
26339:
26329:
26324:
26319:
26318:
26317:
26312:
26307:
26299:
26294:
26286:
26281:
26279:Black genocide
26276:
26271:
26266:
26261:
26256:
26251:
26246:
26241:
26235:
26233:
26227:
26226:
26219:
26218:
26211:
26204:
26196:
26187:
26186:
26184:
26183:
26175:
26167:
26159:
26151:
26143:
26135:
26127:
26122:
26117:
26112:
26107:
26102:
26097:
26092:
26087:
26082:
26077:
26071:
26069:
26065:
26064:
26062:
26061:
26053:
26044:
26042:
26038:
26037:
26035:
26034:
26026:
26018:
26009:
26007:
26003:
26002:
26000:
25999:
25991:
25983:
25981:
25977:
25976:
25974:
25973:
25965:
25957:
25948:
25946:
25942:
25941:
25939:
25938:
25930:
25922:
25914:
25906:
25898:
25890:
25882:
25874:
25870:Middle Passage
25866:
25858:
25850:
25842:
25834:
25826:
25818:
25810:
25802:
25794:
25772:
25764:
25756:
25748:
25740:
25731:
25729:
25727:Fiction/novels
25723:
25722:
25720:
25719:
25711:
25703:
25695:
25687:
25679:
25671:
25663:
25655:
25647:
25639:
25631:
25623:
25615:
25607:
25598:
25596:
25592:
25591:
25588:
25587:
25585:
25584:
25578:
25572:
25565:
25563:
25559:
25558:
25556:
25555:
25549:
25544:
25541:Wallace Willis
25538:
25533:
25528:
25523:
25521:Harriet Tubman
25518:
25511:
25508:Austin Steward
25505:
25500:
25495:
25490:
25485:
25480:
25478:William Parker
25475:
25469:
25464:
25459:
25453:
25448:
25446:J. Vance Lewis
25443:
25438:
25433:
25428:
25422:
25417:
25412:
25410:Harriet Jacobs
25407:
25402:
25397:
25391:
25386:
25384:William Grimes
25381:
25376:(19th century
25371:
25366:
25361:
25356:
25346:
25341:
25335:
25333:Kate Drumgoold
25330:
25325:
25320:
25315:
25310:
25305:
25300:
25295:
25289:
25284:
25279:
25274:
25268:
25263:
25258:
25253:
25251:Solomon Bayley
25248:
25243:
25238:
25233:
25227:
25225:
25222:North America:
25219:
25218:
25216:
25215:
25209:
25202:
25196:
25190:
25183:
25181:
25178:North America:
25175:
25174:
25172:
25171:
25168:John R. Jewitt
25165:
25158:
25156:
25153:North America:
25150:
25149:
25147:
25146:
25141:
25136:
25130:
25128:
25127:Ottoman Empire
25124:
25123:
25121:
25120:
25114:
25108:
25105:Jean Marteilhe
25102:
25096:
25090:
25083:
25081:
25077:
25076:
25074:
25073:
25066:
25064:
25060:
25059:
25057:
25056:
25050:
25044:
25038:
25032:
25019:
25013:
25007:
25001:
24995:
24989:
24988:(late 19th c.)
24983:
24977:
24971:
24965:
24962:Isaac Brassard
24959:
24953:
24947:
24940:
24938:
24931:
24930:of enslavement
24923:
24922:
24920:
24919:
24913:
24910:
24909:
24902:
24901:
24894:
24887:
24879:
24870:
24869:
24857:
24854:
24853:
24851:
24850:
24842:
24834:
24826:
24822:The North Star
24818:
24810:
24802:
24794:
24786:
24778:
24773:
24768:
24767:
24766:
24764:visitor center
24756:
24751:
24743:
24737:
24735:
24731:
24730:
24728:
24727:
24719:
24714:
24709:
24708:
24707:
24699:
24694:
24689:
24688:
24687:
24677:
24672:
24671:
24670:
24665:
24660:
24655:
24644:
24642:
24638:
24637:
24635:
24634:
24628:
24622:
24616:
24610:
24604:
24596:
24590:
24582:
24576:
24570:
24564:
24558:
24549:
24542:
24540:
24536:
24535:
24533:
24532:
24527:
24522:
24521:
24520:
24515:
24504:
24502:
24496:
24495:
24488:
24486:
24484:
24483:
24478:
24476:Harriet Tubman
24473:
24468:
24463:
24458:
24453:
24448:
24446:Hetty Reckless
24443:
24438:
24433:
24428:
24423:
24418:
24413:
24408:
24403:
24401:Frances Harper
24398:
24396:Thomas Garrett
24393:
24391:Isaac S. Flint
24388:
24383:
24378:
24373:
24368:
24363:
24358:
24353:
24347:
24345:
24339:
24338:
24331:
24330:
24323:
24316:
24308:
24299:
24298:
24295:
24294:
24292:
24291:
24290:
24289:
24279:
24274:
24269:
24264:
24259:
24254:
24249:
24244:
24242:Colored Troops
24239:
24234:
24229:
24224:
24219:
24213:
24211:
24205:
24204:
24202:
24201:
24196:
24191:
24184:
24179:
24177:Slave breeding
24174:
24169:
24167:Female slavery
24164:
24162:Sexual slavery
24158:
24156:
24153:sexual slavery
24148:
24147:
24145:
24144:
24139:
24134:
24129:
24128:
24127:
24122:
24117:
24112:
24107:
24102:
24097:
24092:
24082:
24077:
24070:
24063:
24058:
24053:
24048:
24043:
24038:
24032:
24027:
24022:
24017:
24012:
24007:
24002:
23997:
23992:
23986:
23984:
23980:
23979:
23977:
23976:
23971:
23966:
23961:
23956:
23951:
23946:
23941:
23936:
23931:
23926:
23921:
23916:
23915:
23914:
23909:
23899:
23894:
23889:
23884:
23879:
23874:
23872:Slave quarters
23869:
23864:
23859:
23858:
23857:
23847:
23842:
23836:
23834:
23833:social history
23828:
23827:
23825:
23824:
23819:
23814:
23809:
23804:
23799:
23794:
23789:
23784:
23779:
23774:
23769:
23764:
23758:
23756:
23747:
23743:
23742:
23740:
23739:
23734:
23728:
23726:
23722:
23721:
23716:
23714:
23708:
23707:
23705:
23704:
23699:
23694:
23689:
23684:
23679:
23674:
23669:
23664:
23659:
23654:
23652:South Carolina
23649:
23644:
23639:
23634:
23629:
23624:
23619:
23617:North Carolina
23614:
23609:
23604:
23599:
23594:
23589:
23584:
23579:
23574:
23569:
23564:
23559:
23554:
23549:
23544:
23539:
23534:
23529:
23524:
23519:
23514:
23509:
23504:
23499:
23494:
23489:
23484:
23479:
23474:
23469:
23464:
23459:
23453:
23451:
23447:
23446:
23439:
23438:
23431:
23424:
23416:
23410:
23407:
23406:
23397:
23396:
23386:
23374:
23369:
23363:
23350:
23340:
23334:
23324:
23318:
23312:
23303:
23297:
23291:
23280:
23279:External links
23277:
23276:
23275:
23254:
23251:
23250:
23249:
23231:
23214:
23211:
23210:
23209:
23197:American Notes
23181:
23178:
23176:
23175:
23169:
23154:
23148:
23129:
23127:
23126:Bibliographies
23124:
23122:
23121:
23115:
23098:
23076:
23070:
23053:
23047:
23026:
23017:
23011:
22994:
22988:
22971:
22965:
22946:
22928:
22922:
22904:
22902:
22899:
22897:
22896:
22877:
22851:
22837:
22819:(6): 750–772.
22803:
22793:
22768:
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22715:
22698:
22692:
22674:
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22616:
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22426:
22424:
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22389:
22374:
22365:
22347:
22337:
22324:
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22293:
22267:
22258:
22242:
22231:
22213:
22211:
22208:
22206:
22205:
22198:
22187:
22182:7 Issue 1, pp.
22172:
22158:
22144:
22137:
22120:
22110:
22093:
22082:
22081:(1985), 87–111
22075:John McCardell
22067:Kolchin, Peter
22064:
22055:
22039:
22029:
22022:
22011:
22004:
21995:
21982:
21973:
21955:
21941:
21927:
21916:
21894:Brown, Vincent
21891:
21881:
21864:
21849:
21847:
21844:
21842:
21841:
21809:
21798:
21796:
21793:
21791:
21790:
21781:Wood, Peter H.
21778:
21768:
21758:
21748:
21738:
21728:
21718:
21711:
21701:
21694:
21685:
21669:
21660:
21644:
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21627:
21614:
21604:
21594:
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21559:
21550:
21537:
21525:
21516:
21503:
21494:
21480:
21478:
21475:
21473:
21472:
21445:
21430:10.2307/845555
21413:
21373:
21338:
21322:
21287:
21241:
21200:
21198:
21195:
21193:
21192:
21183:
21170:
21160:
21150:
21140:
21134:
21119:
21113:
21095:
21083:
21074:
21061:
21050:
21048:
21045:
21043:
21042:
21025:
21023:
21020:
21018:
21017:
21003:
20995:, Vol. 48, No.
20989:
20957:
20914:
20895:
20877:David, Paul A.
20874:
20859:10.2307/844116
20853:(2): 118–144.
20842:
20821:(3): 503–526.
20809:
20807:
20804:
20802:
20801:
20787:
20771:
20762:
20750:
20741:
20726:
20713:
20698:
20688:
20676:
20669:
20653:
20646:
20636:
20629:
20619:
20610:
20597:
20588:
20578:, ed. (1998).
20572:
20551:
20542:
20529:
20514:
20501:
20494:
20488:
20471:
20453:
20441:
20429:
20420:
20408:Kolchin, Peter
20404:
20395:
20382:
20373:
20357:
20339:
20319:
20310:
20297:
20286:
20264:
20254:
20233:
20220:
20211:
20198:
20189:
20176:
20167:
20151:
20142:
20126:
20105:
20095:
20082:
20073:
20060:
20051:
20031:
20022:
20005:
19993:
19984:
19968:
19956:
19935:
19926:
19913:
19904:, ed. (1965).
19898:
19886:
19874:
19868:
19853:
19844:
19831:
19819:
19796:
19776:
19767:
19754:
19745:
19729:
19720:
19707:
19698:
19685:
19676:
19663:
19654:
19638:
19629:
19613:
19604:
19588:
19579:
19563:
19548:
19536:
19520:
19518:
19515:
19510:Main article:
19507:
19504:
19501:
19500:
19491:
19479:
19461:
19434:(3): 316–345.
19406:
19384:
19377:
19359:
19344:
19325:
19304:
19278:
19258:
19251:
19233:Reeve, W. Paul
19224:
19199:
19192:
19169:
19154:
19128:
19107:
19086:
19037:
19030:
19010:
18997:
18940:
18931:
18918:
18911:
18882:
18875:
18849:
18842:
18816:
18809:
18783:
18746:
18704:
18697:
18675:Sowell, Thomas
18666:
18659:
18625:
18618:
18596:Sowell, Thomas
18587:
18580:
18558:Sowell, Thomas
18549:
18542:
18517:
18504:Eaton, Clement
18495:
18481:10.3386/w18396
18451:Johnson, Simon
18438:
18424:10.3386/w18396
18394:
18383:(3): 725–765.
18354:
18341:
18334:
18299:
18292:
18263:
18244:(1): 161–178.
18223:
18216:
18198:
18187:(4): 496–518.
18164:
18155:
18135:
18101:
18066:
18017:
17983:
17932:
17913:(2): 637–643.
17874:(3): 919–931.
17849:10.1086/683036
17841:10.1086/683036
17835:(2): 281–304.
17819:
17792:(2): 353–383.
17776:
17747:(2): 123–148.
17727:
17720:
17696:
17689:
17661:
17654:
17627:
17620:
17593:
17556:(1): 139–154.
17539:(March 1995).
17528:
17506:
17499:
17477:Sowell, Thomas
17468:
17431:
17377:(March 1995).
17363:
17356:
17334:Sowell, Thomas
17322:
17285:
17258:(1): 139–154.
17237:
17186:
17161:
17140:(1): 250–283.
17120:
17073:
17052:10.1086/686631
17036:(3): 621–641.
17017:
17002:
16995:
16975:
16966:
16957:
16948:
16914:
16888:
16841:
16828:
16811:
16793:
16755:
16725:
16713:
16700:
16693:
16667:
16658:
16641:
16629:
16611:
16595:
16586:
16579:
16556:
16539:
16521:
16508:
16499:
16486:
16479:
16459:
16446:
16433:
16427:Fehrenbacher,
16420:
16413:
16390:
16377:
16352:
16336:
16310:
16307:. p. 102.
16285:
16261:
16243:
16229:
16200:
16194:Frost (1998),
16187:
16161:
16154:
16134:
16127:
16098:
16084:
16077:
16059:
16052:
16030:
16004:
15977:(4): 671–710.
15961:
15954:
15934:
15925:
15903:
15891:
15884:
15866:
15863:. p. 416.
15861:Pantheon Books
15844:
15817:
15810:
15776:
15748:
15722:
15701:
15694:
15676:
15646:
15631:
15624:
15606:
15599:
15577:
15564:
15557:
15536:
15485:
15478:
15451:
15425:
15405:
15377:
15370:
15352:
15326:
15301:
15287:
15267:
15251:
15244:
15226:
15219:
15198:
15191:
15173:
15142:(R141): R141.
15136:Genome Biology
15121:
15070:
15021:
15006:
14992:
14983:
14969:
14962:
14942:
14919:
14897:
14871:
14844:(3): 331–348.
14828:
14793:
14767:
14760:
14740:
14720:
14707:
14705:Burke, p. 155.
14698:
14685:
14683:Davis, p. 124.
14676:
14659:
14636:
14634:Moore, p. 118.
14627:
14620:
14597:
14584:
14582:Moore, p. 114.
14575:
14554:
14529:
14524:Newspapers.com
14491:
14479:www.readex.com
14466:
14443:
14422:
14368:
14340:
14327:
14325:, pp. 179–180.
14314:
14312:, pp. 175–177.
14301:
14288:
14286:, pp. 168–171.
14275:
14266:
14264:, pp. 166–169.
14253:
14246:
14220:
14203:
14201:, pp. 161–162.
14190:
14164:
14139:
14132:
14105:
14092:
14062:
14050:
14023:
13996:
13961:
13931:
13926:newspapers.com
13903:
13870:
13863:
13841:
13810:
13803:
13785:
13778:
13760:
13753:
13733:
13705:
13671:
13645:
13638:
13612:
13599:
13576:
13569:
13543:
13526:
13519:
13499:
13492:
13472:
13465:
13445:
13438:
13418:
13411:
13391:
13384:
13364:
13329:
13294:
13290:black indians.
13277:
13251:
13244:
13222:
13169:(3): 678–703.
13127:
13120:
13089:
13078:
13060:
13030:
13020:
13002:
12959:
12933:
12920:
12907:
12894:
12867:(2): 275–303.
12847:
12825:
12807:
12779:
12753:
12746:
12724:
12691:
12685:
12658:
12631:(4): 391–419.
12613:
12606:
12570:
12557:
12539:
12532:
12511:
12488:
12455:
12416:
12397:(2): 172–188.
12381:
12368:
12343:
12324:
12311:
12298:
12277:
12252:
12231:
12218:
12193:
12177:
12170:
12148:
12137:Stewart, Alvan
12128:
12106:
12093:
12086:
12066:
12053:
12028:
12017:(3): 262–274.
11999:
11971:
11951:
11940:(2): 174–175.
11918:
11911:
11893:
11888:newspapers.com
11864:
11847:DeBow's Review
11829:
11799:
11780:
11764:
11730:
11694:
11687:
11663:
11636:(2): 102–125.
11611:
11600:Beard, Mary R.
11587:
11580:
11562:
11553:
11527:
11501:
11494:
11467:
11441:
11434:
11416:
11390:
11372:
11346:
11333:
11303:
11259:
11243:
11206:(4): 840–855.
11186:
11159:(3): 211–235.
11139:
11111:
11090:
11077:
11052:
11017:
11004:
10985:(5): 943–955.
10969:
10956:
10936:
10915:
10891:
10865:
10839:
10816:
10813:(1): 145, 150.
10797:
10771:
10745:
10730:
10713:
10700:
10693:
10675:
10668:
10648:
10633:
10599:
10592:
10572:
10557:
10534:
10527:
10507:
10493:
10479:
10454:
10441:
10420:
10399:
10374:
10348:
10333:
10326:
10304:
10280:
10259:
10238:
10226:
10205:
10196:
10194:, pp. 212–220.
10183:
10164:
10144:
10121:
10095:
10083:www.sciway.net
10070:
10047:
10027:
10011:
9986:
9962:
9943:
9936:
9916:
9888:
9876:
9869:
9851:
9844:
9821:
9806:
9783:
9776:
9770:. p. 87.
9753:
9752:
9750:
9747:
9744:
9743:
9733:
9723:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9716:
9715:
9710:
9705:
9700:
9695:
9690:
9683:
9680:
9678:
9677:
9672:
9670:Indian removal
9667:
9662:
9655:
9654:
9653:
9643:
9638:
9633:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9613:
9608:
9602:
9596:
9595:
9594:
9580:
9577:History portal
9566:
9550:
9547:
9520:Main article:
9517:
9516:Historiography
9514:
9511:
9510:
9507:
9504:
9500:
9499:
9496:
9493:
9489:
9488:
9485:
9482:
9478:
9477:
9474:
9471:
9467:
9466:
9463:
9460:
9456:
9455:
9452:
9449:
9443:
9442:
9439:
9423:
9419:
9401:
9398:
9395:
9394:
9391:
9388:
9385:
9382:
9379:
9376:
9373:
9370:
9366:
9365:
9362:
9359:
9356:
9353:
9350:
9347:
9344:
9341:
9340:West Virginia
9337:
9336:
9333:
9330:
9327:
9324:
9321:
9318:
9315:
9312:
9308:
9307:
9304:
9301:
9298:
9295:
9292:
9289:
9286:
9283:
9279:
9278:
9275:
9272:
9269:
9266:
9263:
9260:
9257:
9254:
9250:
9249:
9246:
9243:
9240:
9237:
9234:
9231:
9228:
9225:
9221:
9220:
9217:
9214:
9211:
9208:
9205:
9202:
9199:
9196:
9192:
9191:
9188:
9185:
9182:
9179:
9176:
9173:
9170:
9167:
9166:South Carolina
9163:
9162:
9159:
9156:
9153:
9150:
9147:
9144:
9141:
9138:
9134:
9133:
9130:
9127:
9124:
9121:
9118:
9115:
9112:
9109:
9105:
9104:
9101:
9098:
9095:
9092:
9089:
9086:
9083:
9080:
9076:
9075:
9072:
9069:
9066:
9063:
9060:
9057:
9054:
9051:
9047:
9046:
9043:
9040:
9037:
9034:
9031:
9028:
9025:
9022:
9021:North Carolina
9018:
9017:
9014:
9011:
9008:
9005:
9002:
8999:
8996:
8993:
8989:
8988:
8985:
8982:
8979:
8976:
8973:
8970:
8967:
8964:
8960:
8959:
8956:
8953:
8950:
8947:
8944:
8941:
8938:
8935:
8931:
8930:
8927:
8924:
8921:
8918:
8915:
8912:
8909:
8906:
8902:
8901:
8898:
8895:
8892:
8889:
8886:
8883:
8880:
8877:
8873:
8872:
8869:
8866:
8863:
8860:
8857:
8854:
8851:
8848:
8844:
8843:
8840:
8837:
8834:
8831:
8828:
8825:
8822:
8819:
8815:
8814:
8811:
8808:
8805:
8802:
8799:
8796:
8793:
8790:
8786:
8785:
8782:
8779:
8776:
8773:
8770:
8767:
8764:
8761:
8757:
8756:
8753:
8750:
8747:
8744:
8741:
8738:
8735:
8732:
8728:
8727:
8724:
8721:
8718:
8715:
8712:
8709:
8706:
8703:
8699:
8698:
8695:
8692:
8689:
8686:
8683:
8680:
8677:
8674:
8670:
8669:
8666:
8663:
8660:
8657:
8654:
8651:
8648:
8645:
8641:
8640:
8637:
8634:
8631:
8628:
8625:
8622:
8619:
8616:
8612:
8611:
8608:
8605:
8602:
8599:
8596:
8593:
8590:
8587:
8583:
8582:
8579:
8576:
8573:
8570:
8567:
8564:
8561:
8558:
8554:
8553:
8550:
8547:
8544:
8541:
8538:
8535:
8532:
8529:
8525:
8524:
8521:
8518:
8515:
8512:
8509:
8506:
8503:
8500:
8496:
8495:
8492:
8489:
8486:
8483:
8480:
8477:
8474:
8471:
8467:
8466:
8463:
8460:
8457:
8454:
8451:
8448:
8445:
8442:
8438:
8437:
8434:
8431:
8428:
8425:
8422:
8419:
8416:
8413:
8409:
8408:
8405:
8402:
8399:
8396:
8393:
8390:
8387:
8384:
8380:
8379:
8376:
8373:
8370:
8367:
8364:
8361:
8358:
8355:
8351:
8350:
8347:
8344:
8341:
8338:
8335:
8332:
8329:
8326:
8322:
8321:
8318:
8315:
8312:
8309:
8306:
8303:
8300:
8297:
8293:
8292:
8289:
8286:
8283:
8280:
8277:
8274:
8271:
8268:
8264:
8263:
8260:
8257:
8254:
8251:
8248:
8245:
8242:
8239:
8235:
8234:
8231:
8228:
8225:
8222:
8219:
8216:
8213:
8210:
8187:
8186:
8169:
8168:
8165:
8162:
8159:
8156:
8153:
8150:
8146:
8145:
8142:
8139:
8136:
8133:
8130:
8127:
8123:
8122:
8119:
8116:
8113:
8110:
8107:
8104:
8100:
8099:
8096:
8093:
8090:
8087:
8084:
8081:
8077:
8076:
8073:
8070:
8067:
8064:
8061:
8058:
8054:
8053:
8050:
8047:
8044:
8041:
8038:
8035:
8031:
8030:
8027:
8024:
8021:
8018:
8015:
8012:
8008:
8007:
8004:
8001:
7998:
7995:
7992:
7989:
7985:
7984:
7981:
7978:
7975:
7972:
7969:
7966:
7962:
7961:
7956:
7951:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7933:
7909:
7906:
7903:
7902:
7899:
7882:
7881:
7878:
7853:Bight of Benin
7849:
7848:
7845:
7832:Windward Coast
7828:
7827:
7824:
7807:
7806:
7803:
7782:
7781:
7778:
7761:
7760:
7757:
7728:
7727:
7724:
7703:
7702:
7699:Amount %
7697:
7680:
7677:
7674:
7673:
7670:
7666:
7665:
7662:
7658:
7657:
7654:
7650:
7649:
7646:
7642:
7641:
7638:
7634:
7633:
7630:
7626:
7625:
7622:
7618:
7617:
7614:
7610:
7609:
7606:
7596:
7593:
7583:
7580:
7546:
7543:
7505:
7502:
7470:
7467:
7449:
7446:
7428:
7425:
7403:
7400:
7395:Main article:
7392:
7389:
7373:
7370:
7364:Isaac Franklin
7319:
7316:
7303:Charles Sumner
7266:
7263:
7235:
7229:
7223:
7217:
7211:
7205:
7199:
7193:
7187:
7181:
7175:
7169:
7163:
7157:
7107:Main article:
7104:
7103:End of slavery
7101:
7058:(unidentified
7044:Main article:
7041:
7038:
6997:
6994:
6961:James M. Mason
6913:
6912:
6910:
6909:
6902:
6895:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6861:
6858:
6857:
6854:
6853:
6850:
6849:
6842:
6835:
6830:
6823:
6814:
6807:
6801:
6798:
6797:
6794:
6793:
6790:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6772:
6767:
6760:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6730:
6729:
6726:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6663:Wilmot Proviso
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6638:Tariff of 1828
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6609:
6606:
6605:
6602:
6601:
6598:
6597:
6592:
6586:
6583:
6582:
6563:Main article:
6560:
6557:
6495:
6492:
6481:wood-engraving
6462:
6459:
6440:Main article:
6437:
6434:
6383:
6380:
6315:Main article:
6312:
6309:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6223:Combahee River
6199:Charles Paxson
6133:Main article:
6130:
6127:
6053:, painting by
6004:Main article:
6001:
5998:
5956:map of Liberia
5937:
5934:
5885:
5882:
5877:Main article:
5874:
5871:
5866:Main article:
5863:
5860:
5838:
5835:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5816:
5810:
5805:
5796:
5790:
5784:
5778:
5772:
5766:
5760:
5754:
5731:wood-engraving
5710:Main article:
5707:
5704:
5681:
5678:
5671:made American
5653:Windward Coast
5637:Main article:
5634:
5631:
5527:Harriet Tubman
5507:Oliver Johnson
5462:
5438:Main article:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5430:
5423:
5412:
5399:
5379:
5376:
5365:Gravier Street
5345:Baronne Street
5318:Mudsill theory
5304:Main article:
5301:
5298:
5292:
5289:
5229:
5226:
5168:
5165:
5123:Main article:
5120:
5117:
5109:fugitive slave
5081:Main article:
5078:
5075:
5058:Main article:
5055:
5052:
5023:Black Loyalist
5018:
5015:
4994:Main article:
4991:
4988:
4945:
4942:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4856:
4849:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4779:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4765:
4764:
4762:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4739:North Carolina
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4586:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4566:
4565:
4552:
4551:
4548:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4464:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4388:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4341:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4230:
4229:
4216:
4210:
4209:
4172:
4166:
4165:
4155:Ute War (1887)
4128:
4123:
4094:
4088:
4087:
4062:
4057:
4051:
4050:
4040:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3972:Peach Tree War
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3933:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3730:Trail of Tears
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3647:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3629:
3628:
3621:
3620:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3601:
3594:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3474:Black genocide
3470:
3467:
3466:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3381:US communities
3378:
3373:
3368:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3338:South Carolina
3335:
3333:North Carolina
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3155:South Carolina
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3135:North Carolina
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2992:Samaná English
2989:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2942:LGBT community
2938:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2899:Creek Freedmen
2896:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2869:Carmel Indians
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2750:Central (CIAA)
2744:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2617:Pan-Africanism
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2448:Black theology
2444:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2416:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2385:
2380:
2379:
2378:
2368:
2363:
2362:
2361:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2312:Economic class
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2251:Academic study
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2228:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2022:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1789:List of slaves
1786:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1660:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1507:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1333:Dutch Republic
1330:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1265:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
983:
982:
981:
971:
970:
969:
958:
957:
951:
950:
945:
940:
935:
934:
933:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
877:
876:
866:
861:
856:
850:
849:
843:
840:
839:
836:
835:
832:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
805:
804:
800:
799:
794:
792:Child soldiers
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
768:
767:
757:
752:
747:
742:
741:
740:
735:
730:
719:
718:
714:
713:
708:
703:
701:Spanish Empire
698:
693:
688:
683:
681:Middle Passage
678:
673:
668:
663:
657:
656:
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
618:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
543:
542:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
511:
510:
509:
502:Ottoman Empire
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
463:
457:
456:
450:
449:
448:
447:
437:
432:
427:
426:
425:
420:
415:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
379:
378:
372:
371:
366:
361:
356:
350:
349:
343:
338:
337:
334:
333:
330:
329:
324:
322:Sexual slavery
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
288:
287:
282:
280:Child marriage
277:
267:
262:
257:
255:Child soldiers
252:
246:
241:
240:
237:
236:
228:
227:
217:
216:
159:
158:
149:
148:
140:
139:
138:
129:
128:
120:
119:
118:
109:
108:
100:
99:
98:
89:
88:
80:
79:
78:
69:
68:
60:
59:
58:
57:
56:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
31978:
31967:
31964:
31962:
31959:
31957:
31954:
31952:
31949:
31947:
31944:
31942:
31939:
31937:
31934:
31932:
31929:
31927:
31924:
31922:
31919:
31917:
31914:
31912:
31909:
31907:
31904:
31902:
31899:
31897:
31894:
31892:
31889:
31887:
31884:
31882:
31879:
31877:
31874:
31872:
31869:
31867:
31864:
31863:
31861:
31840:
31836:
31832:
31830:
31822:
31821:
31818:
31804:
31801:
31800:
31798:
31794:
31788:
31785:
31783:
31780:
31778:
31775:
31773:
31770:
31768:
31765:
31763:
31760:
31758:
31757:Photographers
31755:
31753:
31750:
31748:
31745:
31743:
31740:
31738:
31735:
31733:
31732:Gender issues
31730:
31728:
31725:
31721:
31718:
31717:
31716:
31713:
31709:
31706:
31705:
31704:
31701:
31699:
31696:
31694:
31691:
31689:
31686:
31685:
31683:
31679:
31671:
31668:
31666:
31663:
31661:
31658:
31656:
31653:
31652:
31651:
31648:
31646:
31643:
31641:
31638:
31636:
31633:
31631:
31628:
31627:
31625:
31621:
31615:
31612:
31610:
31607:
31605:
31602:
31600:
31597:
31595:
31594:
31590:
31588:
31585:
31583:
31580:
31578:
31575:
31574:
31572:
31570:
31566:
31560:
31559:War Democrats
31557:
31555:
31552:
31550:
31549:Union Leagues
31547:
31545:
31542:
31540:
31537:
31535:
31532:
31530:
31527:
31525:
31522:
31520:
31517:
31515:
31512:
31510:
31507:
31505:
31502:
31500:
31497:
31495:
31492:
31490:
31487:
31485:
31482:
31481:
31479:
31475:
31469:
31466:
31464:
31461:
31459:
31456:
31454:
31451:
31449:
31448:Turning point
31446:
31444:
31441:
31439:
31436:
31434:
31431:
31429:
31426:
31424:
31421:
31419:
31418:Naval battles
31416:
31414:
31411:
31409:
31406:
31404:
31401:
31399:
31396:
31394:
31391:
31389:
31386:
31384:
31381:
31379:
31376:
31374:
31371:
31370:
31368:
31364:
31360:
31352:
31351:
31347:
31343:
31329:
31326:
31324:
31321:
31319:
31316:
31314:
31311:
31309:
31306:
31304:
31303:
31299:
31297:
31294:
31292:
31289:
31287:
31284:
31283:
31281:
31277:
31271:
31268:
31266:
31263:
31262:
31260:
31256:
31246:
31243:
31239:
31236:
31234:
31231:
31229:
31226:
31225:
31224:
31221:
31220:
31218:
31214:
31206:
31203:
31201:
31198:
31197:
31196:
31193:
31192:
31190:
31186:
31183:
31181:and memorials
31177:
31171:
31168:
31166:
31163:
31161:
31158:
31156:
31153:
31151:
31148:
31146:
31143:
31141:
31138:
31136:
31133:
31131:
31128:
31126:
31123:
31121:
31118:
31114:
31111:
31109:
31106:
31105:
31104:
31101:
31099:
31096:
31092:
31089:
31087:
31084:
31082:
31079:
31077:
31074:
31072:
31069:
31067:
31064:
31062:
31059:
31057:
31054:
31052:
31049:
31047:
31044:
31043:
31042:
31041:Commemoration
31039:
31038:
31036:
31030:
31024:
31021:
31019:
31016:
31012:
31009:
31008:
31007:
31004:
31002:
30999:
30997:
30994:
30990:
30987:
30986:
30985:
30982:
30980:
30977:
30975:
30972:
30968:
30965:
30963:
30960:
30958:
30955:
30953:
30950:
30949:
30948:
30945:
30941:
30938:
30936:
30933:
30931:
30928:
30926:
30923:
30921:
30918:
30917:
30916:
30913:
30911:
30908:
30906:
30903:
30901:
30898:
30894:
30891:
30889:
30886:
30884:
30883:first inquiry
30881:
30879:
30876:
30874:
30871:
30869:
30866:
30865:
30864:
30861:
30856:
30853:
30851:
30848:
30847:
30846:
30843:
30841:
30838:
30836:
30833:
30831:
30828:
30824:
30821:
30820:
30819:
30816:
30814:
30811:
30809:
30806:
30804:
30803:Carpetbaggers
30801:
30799:
30796:
30794:
30791:
30790:
30788:
30786:
30782:
30774:
30771:
30769:
30766:
30764:
30761:
30760:
30759:
30756:
30755:
30753:
30751:
30747:
30743:
30736:
30732:
30714:
30711:
30709:
30706:
30704:
30701:
30699:
30696:
30694:
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30686:
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30679:
30676:
30674:
30671:
30669:
30666:
30664:
30661:
30660:
30658:
30654:
30648:
30645:
30643:
30640:
30638:
30635:
30633:
30630:
30628:
30625:
30623:
30620:
30618:
30615:
30613:
30610:
30608:
30605:
30603:
30600:
30598:
30595:
30593:
30590:
30588:
30585:
30583:
30580:
30578:
30575:
30573:
30570:
30568:
30565:
30563:
30560:
30558:
30555:
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30538:
30535:
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30527:
30523:
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30516:
30506:
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30501:
30498:
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30488:
30486:
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30481:
30478:
30476:
30473:
30471:
30468:
30466:
30463:
30462:
30460:
30456:
30450:
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30445:
30442:
30440:
30437:
30435:
30432:
30430:
30427:
30425:
30422:
30420:
30417:
30415:
30412:
30410:
30407:
30405:
30402:
30400:
30397:
30395:
30392:
30390:
30387:
30385:
30382:
30380:
30377:
30375:
30372:
30370:
30367:
30365:
30362:
30360:
30357:
30355:
30352:
30350:
30347:
30345:
30342:
30340:
30337:
30335:
30332:
30330:
30327:
30326:
30324:
30320:
30317:
30313:
30309:
30305:
30300:
30296:
30278:
30275:
30273:
30270:
30268:
30265:
30263:
30260:
30258:
30255:
30253:
30250:
30248:
30245:
30244:
30242:
30238:
30232:
30229:
30227:
30226:West Virginia
30224:
30222:
30219:
30217:
30214:
30212:
30209:
30207:
30204:
30202:
30199:
30197:
30194:
30192:
30189:
30187:
30184:
30182:
30179:
30177:
30174:
30172:
30169:
30167:
30164:
30162:
30159:
30157:
30154:
30152:
30149:
30147:
30146:New Hampshire
30144:
30142:
30139:
30137:
30134:
30132:
30129:
30127:
30124:
30122:
30119:
30117:
30114:
30112:
30109:
30107:
30106:Massachusetts
30104:
30102:
30099:
30097:
30094:
30092:
30089:
30087:
30084:
30082:
30079:
30077:
30074:
30072:
30069:
30067:
30064:
30062:
30059:
30057:
30054:
30052:
30049:
30047:
30044:
30042:
30039:
30037:
30034:
30032:
30029:
30027:
30024:
30022:
30019:
30017:
30014:
30012:
30009:
30007:
30004:
30002:
29999:
29997:
29994:
29993:
29991:
29985:
29982:
29978:
29972:
29969:
29967:
29964:
29962:
29959:
29957:
29954:
29952:
29949:
29947:
29944:
29942:
29939:
29937:
29934:
29932:
29929:
29927:
29924:
29922:
29919:
29917:
29914:
29912:
29909:
29907:
29904:
29902:
29899:
29897:
29894:
29892:
29889:
29887:
29884:
29882:
29879:
29877:
29874:
29872:
29869:
29867:
29864:
29862:
29859:
29857:
29854:
29852:
29849:
29847:
29846:Hampton Roads
29844:
29842:
29839:
29837:
29836:Fort Donelson
29834:
29832:
29829:
29827:
29824:
29822:
29819:
29818:
29816:
29814:
29809:
29803:
29800:
29798:
29795:
29793:
29790:
29788:
29785:
29783:
29780:
29778:
29775:
29773:
29770:
29768:
29765:
29763:
29760:
29758:
29755:
29753:
29750:
29748:
29745:
29743:
29740:
29738:
29735:
29733:
29732:Morgan's Raid
29730:
29728:
29725:
29723:
29720:
29718:
29715:
29713:
29710:
29708:
29705:
29703:
29700:
29698:
29695:
29693:
29690:
29688:
29685:
29683:
29680:
29678:
29677:Anaconda Plan
29675:
29674:
29672:
29670:
29665:
29659:
29656:
29654:
29653:Pacific Coast
29651:
29649:
29646:
29644:
29641:
29639:
29636:
29634:
29631:
29630:
29628:
29624:
29614:
29611:
29609:
29606:
29604:
29601:
29600:
29598:
29596:
29592:
29586:
29583:
29581:
29578:
29576:
29573:
29571:
29568:
29567:
29565:
29563:
29559:
29556:
29552:
29548:
29540:
29537:
29534:
29531:
29528:
29527:
29523:
29519:
29505:
29502:
29500:
29497:
29493:
29490:
29489:
29488:
29485:
29483:
29480:
29478:
29475:
29473:
29470:
29468:
29465:
29463:
29460:
29458:
29455:
29453:
29450:
29448:
29445:
29443:
29440:
29438:
29435:
29433:
29430:
29428:
29425:
29424:
29422:
29420:
29416:
29410:
29409:
29405:
29403:
29400:
29398:
29395:
29393:
29390:
29388:
29387:Positive good
29385:
29383:
29380:
29378:
29375:
29373:
29370:
29368:
29365:
29363:
29362:
29358:
29356:
29353:
29351:
29348:
29346:
29343:
29342:
29340:
29338:
29334:
29328:
29325:
29323:
29320:
29318:
29315:
29313:
29310:
29308:
29305:
29303:
29302:Panic of 1857
29300:
29298:
29295:
29293:
29290:
29288:
29285:
29283:
29280:
29278:
29275:
29273:
29270:
29268:
29265:
29263:
29262:Border states
29260:
29258:
29255:
29253:
29250:
29249:
29247:
29242:
29239:
29238:
29235:
29231:
29224:
29220:
29216:
29209:
29204:
29202:
29197:
29195:
29190:
29189:
29186:
29174:
29173:West Virginia
29171:
29169:
29166:
29164:
29161:
29159:
29156:
29154:
29151:
29149:
29146:
29144:
29141:
29139:
29136:
29132:
29129:
29128:
29127:
29124:
29122:
29119:
29118:
29116:
29114:
29110:
29104:
29103:Sharecropping
29101:
29099:
29096:
29095:
29093:
29089:
29083:
29080:
29078:
29075:
29071:
29070:Interregional
29068:
29066:
29063:
29061:
29058:
29057:
29055:
29051:
29048:
29046:
29043:
29041:
29038:
29036:
29033:
29031:
29028:
29026:
29023:
29022:
29021:
29018:
29017:
29015:
29011:
29005:
29002:
29000:
28997:
28995:
28992:
28990:
28987:
28985:
28982:
28978:
28975:
28974:
28973:
28970:
28969:
28967:
28963:
28955:
28952:
28951:
28950:
28947:
28945:
28942:
28938:
28935:
28934:
28933:
28932:Planter class
28930:
28929:
28927:
28923:
28914:
28909:
28907:
28902:
28900:
28895:
28894:
28891:
28881:
28880:
28869:
28859:
28856:
28852:
28849:
28847:
28844:
28842:
28839:
28837:
28834:
28832:
28829:
28827:
28824:
28823:
28822:
28819:
28817:
28814:
28812:
28809:
28807:
28804:
28802:
28799:
28797:
28794:
28792:
28789:
28787:
28784:
28782:
28779:
28777:
28774:
28772:
28769:
28767:
28764:
28762:
28759:
28757:
28754:
28752:
28749:
28747:
28744:
28742:
28739:
28738:
28736:
28732:
28724:
28721:
28720:
28719:
28716:
28712:
28709:
28708:
28707:
28704:
28700:
28697:
28695:
28692:
28691:
28690:
28686:
28683:
28681:
28678:
28676:
28673:
28671:
28668:
28666:
28663:
28661:
28658:
28656:
28653:
28651:
28648:
28646:
28643:
28639:
28636:
28635:
28634:
28631:
28630:
28628:
28624:
28618:
28615:
28611:
28608:
28607:
28605:
28604:Sapelo Island
28602:
28600:
28597:
28595:
28592:
28590:
28587:
28585:
28582:
28580:
28577:
28576:
28574:
28570:
28564:
28561:
28559:
28556:
28554:
28551:
28549:
28546:
28545:
28543:
28539:
28536:
28532:
28527:
28521:
28507:
28504:
28502:
28499:
28498:
28496:
28492:
28486:
28483:
28481:
28478:
28476:
28473:
28471:
28468:
28466:
28463:
28461:
28458:
28457:
28455:
28451:
28445:
28442:
28440:
28437:
28435:
28434:Rabbit's foot
28432:
28430:
28427:
28425:
28422:
28420:
28417:
28415:
28412:
28410:
28407:
28405:
28402:
28400:
28397:
28395:
28392:
28390:
28387:
28385:
28382:
28380:
28377:
28376:
28374:
28370:
28364:
28361:
28360:
28358:
28354:
28348:
28347:
28343:
28341:
28340:
28336:
28335:
28333:
28329:
28322:
28321:
28317:
28314:
28313:
28309:
28306:
28305:
28301:
28298:
28297:
28293:
28290:
28289:
28285:
28282:
28281:
28277:
28276:
28274:
28270:
28267:
28263:
28258:
28257:Gullah people
28251:
28246:
28244:
28239:
28237:
28232:
28231:
28228:
28216:
28206:
28204:
28201:
28200:
28197:
28191:
28188:
28186:
28185:Neighborhoods
28183:
28181:
28178:
28176:
28173:
28171:
28168:
28166:
28163:
28161:
28158:
28154:
28151:
28149:
28148:Sports firsts
28146:
28144:
28141:
28140:
28139:
28136:
28132:
28129:
28127:
28124:
28122:
28119:
28117:
28114:
28112:
28109:
28107:
28104:
28102:
28099:
28097:
28094:
28092:
28089:
28087:
28084:
28082:
28079:
28077:
28074:
28072:
28069:
28067:
28064:
28062:
28059:
28057:
28054:
28053:
28052:
28049:
28048:
28046:
28042:
28034:
28031:
28030:
28028:
28026:
28023:
28019:
28016:
28014:
28011:
28009:
28006:
28004:
28001:
27999:
27996:
27995:
27993:
27989:
27986:
27984:
27981:
27979:
27976:
27974:
27971:
27970:
27969:
27966:
27965:
27963:
27961:
27957:
27951:
27950:West Virginia
27948:
27946:
27943:
27941:
27938:
27934:
27931:
27929:
27926:
27924:
27921:
27919:
27916:
27915:
27914:
27911:
27909:
27906:
27904:
27901:
27899:
27896:
27892:
27889:
27888:
27887:Pennsylvania
27886:
27884:
27881:
27879:
27876:
27874:
27871:
27867:
27866:New York City
27864:
27863:
27862:
27859:
27857:
27854:
27850:
27847:
27846:
27845:
27842:
27840:
27837:
27833:
27830:
27829:
27827:
27823:
27820:
27819:
27817:
27813:
27810:
27809:
27808:
27805:
27803:
27800:
27796:
27793:
27792:
27791:
27788:
27786:
27783:
27779:
27776:
27775:
27774:
27771:
27769:
27766:
27762:
27759:
27758:
27757:
27754:
27752:
27749:
27745:
27742:
27741:
27740:
27737:
27733:
27730:
27728:
27725:
27724:
27723:
27720:
27718:
27715:
27711:
27710:San Francisco
27708:
27706:
27703:
27702:
27701:
27698:
27696:
27693:
27691:
27688:
27687:
27685:
27683:By state/city
27681:
27675:
27672:
27670:
27667:
27661:
27658:
27656:
27653:
27652:
27651:
27648:
27646:
27643:
27642:
27641:
27638:
27634:
27631:
27630:
27629:
27628:American Sign
27626:
27624:
27621:
27620:
27618:
27614:
27606:
27603:
27601:
27598:
27597:
27596:
27593:
27591:
27588:
27584:
27581:
27579:
27576:
27575:
27574:
27571:
27567:
27564:
27563:
27562:
27561:Neighborhoods
27559:
27558:
27556:
27552:
27546:
27543:
27539:
27536:
27535:
27534:
27531:
27529:
27526:
27524:
27521:
27519:
27516:
27512:
27509:
27507:
27504:
27502:
27499:
27497:
27494:
27493:
27492:
27491:Black Indians
27489:
27487:
27484:
27480:
27477:
27475:
27472:
27470:
27467:
27465:
27462:
27461:
27459:
27458:
27456:
27452:
27442:
27439:
27437:
27434:
27432:
27429:
27427:
27424:
27423:
27421:
27413:
27407:
27404:
27402:
27399:
27397:
27394:
27392:
27389:
27387:
27384:
27382:
27379:
27377:
27374:
27372:
27369:
27367:
27364:
27362:
27359:
27357:
27354:
27352:
27349:
27348:
27345:
27342:
27338:
27332:
27329:
27327:
27324:
27322:
27319:
27317:
27314:
27312:
27309:
27307:
27304:
27302:
27299:
27297:
27294:
27292:
27289:
27287:
27284:
27282:
27279:
27277:
27274:
27272:
27269:
27267:
27264:
27263:
27261:
27253:
27247:
27244:
27240:
27237:
27236:
27235:
27232:
27230:
27227:
27225:
27222:
27220:
27217:
27215:
27212:
27210:
27207:
27205:
27202:
27198:
27195:
27194:
27193:
27190:
27188:
27185:
27183:
27180:
27179:
27177:
27173:
27167:
27164:
27162:
27159:
27157:
27154:
27150:
27147:
27146:
27145:
27142:
27138:
27135:
27133:
27130:
27129:
27128:
27125:
27123:
27120:
27119:
27117:
27115:
27111:
27103:
27100:
27098:
27095:
27093:
27090:
27089:
27087:
27085:
27082:
27080:
27077:
27075:
27072:
27070:
27069:Black schools
27067:
27065:
27064:Black studies
27062:
27061:
27059:
27053:
27047:
27046:Whitney Young
27044:
27042:
27039:
27037:
27036:Oprah Winfrey
27034:
27032:
27029:
27027:
27024:
27022:
27019:
27017:
27014:
27012:
27009:
27007:
27006:Denmark Vesey
27004:
27002:
26999:
26997:
26994:
26992:
26989:
26987:
26984:
26982:
26979:
26977:
26974:
26972:
26969:
26967:
26964:
26962:
26959:
26957:
26954:
26952:
26951:Joseph Rainey
26949:
26947:
26944:
26942:
26939:
26937:
26934:
26932:
26929:
26927:
26924:
26922:
26919:
26917:
26914:
26912:
26909:
26907:
26906:Toni Morrison
26904:
26902:
26899:
26897:
26894:
26892:
26891:Joseph Lowery
26889:
26887:
26884:
26882:
26879:
26877:
26874:
26872:
26869:
26867:
26864:
26862:
26859:
26857:
26854:
26852:
26849:
26847:
26844:
26842:
26839:
26837:
26836:Jesse Jackson
26834:
26832:
26829:
26827:
26826:Kamala Harris
26824:
26822:
26819:
26817:
26814:
26812:
26811:Marcus Garvey
26809:
26807:
26804:
26802:
26799:
26797:
26794:
26792:
26789:
26787:
26784:
26782:
26779:
26777:
26774:
26772:
26769:
26767:
26764:
26762:
26761:Blanche Bruce
26759:
26757:
26756:Edward Brooke
26754:
26752:
26749:
26747:
26746:James Bradley
26744:
26742:
26739:
26737:
26734:
26732:
26729:
26727:
26726:James Baldwin
26724:
26722:
26719:
26717:
26714:
26712:
26709:
26708:
26706:
26702:
26696:
26693:
26691:
26688:
26686:
26683:
26681:
26678:
26676:
26673:
26671:
26670:Neighborhoods
26668:
26666:
26663:
26661:
26658:
26656:
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26274:Black cowboys
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26041:Documentaries
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25562:South America
25560:
25553:
25552:Zamba Zembola
25550:
25548:
25545:
25542:
25539:
25537:
25534:
25532:
25531:Bethany Veney
25529:
25527:
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25509:
25506:
25504:
25503:Venture Smith
25501:
25499:
25496:
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25491:
25489:
25486:
25484:
25483:James Roberts
25481:
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25463:
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25441:Lunsford Lane
25439:
25437:
25434:
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25426:
25425:Paul Jennings
25423:
25421:
25418:
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25413:
25411:
25408:
25406:
25403:
25401:
25400:Omar ibn Said
25398:
25395:
25392:
25390:
25389:Josiah Henson
25387:
25385:
25382:
25379:
25375:
25374:William Green
25372:
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25365:
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25360:
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25354:
25350:
25349:Peter Fossett
25347:
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25321:
25319:
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25314:
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25309:
25308:Lucinda Davis
25306:
25304:
25303:Hannah Crafts
25301:
25299:
25296:
25293:
25290:
25288:
25285:
25283:
25280:
25278:
25275:
25272:
25271:James Bradley
25269:
25267:
25266:Leonard Black
25264:
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25224:United States
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25212:Marcos Xiorro
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25054:
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25017:
25016:Thomas Pellow
25014:
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24999:
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24986:Petro Kilekwa
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24712:Slave catcher
24710:
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24548:flight (1845)
24547:
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24482:
24481:Delia Webster
24479:
24477:
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24469:
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24464:
24462:
24459:
24457:
24456:William Still
24454:
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24442:
24439:
24437:
24436:Robert Purvis
24434:
24432:
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24419:
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24416:Daniel Hughes
24414:
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24409:
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24392:
24389:
24387:
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24366:Samuel Burris
24364:
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24199:Shadow family
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24000:Freedom suits
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23949:Planter class
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23892:Slave catcher
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23692:West Virginia
23690:
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23597:New Hampshire
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23557:Massachusetts
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23218:Ryan, Tim A.
23217:
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23170:0-765-60279-2
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23149:0-527-63660-6
23145:
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23107:Pilgrim Press
23104:
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22572:0-945612-36-2
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22498:Beckert, Sven
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22294:1-56584-120-4
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22259:0-300-09172-9
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22229:0-19-506784-3
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21868:
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21858:
21854:
21851:
21850:
21839:
21827:
21823:
21822:
21817:
21816:
21810:
21807:
21804:
21800:
21799:
21789:
21785:
21782:
21779:
21777:
21773:
21769:
21767:
21763:
21759:
21757:
21753:
21749:
21747:
21743:
21739:
21737:
21733:
21729:
21727:
21723:
21719:
21716:
21712:
21710:
21706:
21702:
21699:
21695:
21693:
21688:
21686:0-19-504583-1
21682:
21678:
21674:
21673:Nash, Gary B.
21670:
21668:
21663:
21661:0-393-31288-7
21657:
21653:
21649:
21645:
21642:
21638:
21636:
21632:
21628:
21626:
21622:
21618:
21615:
21613:
21609:
21605:
21603:
21599:
21595:
21593:
21589:
21585:
21583:
21578:
21576:0-8078-2501-8
21572:
21568:
21564:
21563:Holton, Woody
21560:
21558:
21553:
21551:0-8071-1035-3
21547:
21543:
21538:
21536:
21532:
21529:
21526:
21524:
21519:
21517:0-8153-0894-9
21513:
21509:
21504:
21502:
21497:
21491:
21487:
21482:
21481:
21471:
21466:
21462:
21458:
21454:
21450:
21446:
21444:
21439:
21435:
21431:
21427:
21423:
21419:
21414:
21412:
21407:
21403:
21399:
21395:
21391:
21387:
21383:
21379:
21374:
21372:
21367:
21363:
21359:
21355:
21351:
21347:
21343:
21339:
21337:
21332:
21328:
21323:
21321:
21316:
21312:
21308:
21304:
21300:
21296:
21292:
21288:
21286:
21281:
21277:
21273:
21269:
21264:
21259:
21255:
21251:
21250:Public Choice
21247:
21242:
21240:
21235:
21231:
21227:
21223:
21219:
21215:
21211:
21207:
21202:
21201:
21191:
21186:
21184:0-8195-6236-X
21180:
21176:
21171:
21168:
21164:
21163:Wilentz, Sean
21161:
21159:
21155:
21151:
21148:
21144:
21141:
21137:
21131:
21127:
21126:
21120:
21116:
21114:0-8447-3649-X
21110:
21106:
21105:
21100:
21096:
21094:
21089:
21084:
21082:
21077:
21075:0-8027-1460-9
21071:
21067:
21062:
21059:
21055:
21052:
21051:
21040:
21036:
21035:
21030:
21027:
21026:
21016:
21012:
21008:
21004:
21002:
20994:
20990:
20988:
20983:
20979:
20975:
20971:
20967:
20963:
20958:
20956:
20951:
20947:
20943:
20939:
20935:
20931:
20927:
20923:
20919:
20915:
20913:
20909:(2): 413–449.
20908:
20904:
20900:
20896:
20889:
20887:
20882:
20878:
20875:
20873:
20868:
20864:
20860:
20856:
20852:
20848:
20843:
20841:
20836:
20832:
20828:
20824:
20820:
20816:
20811:
20810:
20800:
20796:
20790:
20788:0-670-03367-7
20784:
20780:
20776:
20775:Yafa, Stephen
20772:
20769:
20766:
20765:Wright, W. D.
20763:
20761:
20756:
20751:
20749:
20744:
20742:0-8014-1089-4
20738:
20734:
20733:
20727:
20725:
20721:
20717:
20714:
20712:
20707:
20703:
20699:
20697:
20693:
20689:
20687:
20683:
20680:
20677:
20674:
20670:
20668:
20663:
20659:
20654:
20651:
20647:
20645:
20641:
20637:
20634:
20630:
20627:
20623:
20620:
20618:
20613:
20611:0-15-182972-1
20607:
20603:
20598:
20596:
20591:
20589:0-86078-515-7
20585:
20581:
20577:
20573:
20571:
20567:
20566:0-393-31705-6
20563:
20559:
20555:
20552:
20550:
20545:
20543:0-8078-4817-4
20539:
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20458:
20454:
20452:
20447:
20442:
20440:
20436:
20433:
20430:
20428:
20423:
20421:0-8090-1554-4
20417:
20413:
20409:
20405:
20403:
20398:
20396:0-8212-0541-2
20392:
20388:
20383:
20381:
20376:
20370:
20366:
20362:
20358:
20356:
20352:
20351:0-19-517903-X
20348:
20344:
20340:
20338:
20334:
20333:0-19-502745-0
20330:
20326:
20323:
20320:
20318:
20313:
20307:
20303:
20298:
20295:
20291:
20287:
20285:
20281:
20280:0-19-503157-1
20277:
20273:
20269:
20265:
20263:
20259:
20255:
20253:
20249:
20248:0-394-49131-9
20245:
20241:
20237:
20234:
20232:
20228:
20224:
20221:
20219:
20214:
20212:0-691-04784-7
20208:
20204:
20199:
20197:
20192:
20186:
20182:
20177:
20175:
20170:
20164:
20160:
20156:
20152:
20150:
20145:
20139:
20135:
20131:
20127:
20125:
20121:
20120:0-19-508449-7
20117:
20113:
20109:
20106:
20104:
20098:
20092:
20088:
20083:
20081:
20076:
20070:
20066:
20061:
20059:
20054:
20052:0-375-40259-4
20048:
20044:
20040:
20039:Brown, Joshua
20036:
20032:
20030:
20025:
20023:0-393-31218-6
20019:
20015:
20011:
20006:
20004:
20000:
19997:
19994:
19992:
19987:
19985:0-8078-1438-5
19981:
19977:
19973:
19969:
19967:
19963:
19960:
19957:
19955:
19951:
19950:0-226-20477-4
19947:
19943:
19939:
19936:
19934:
19929:
19923:
19919:
19914:
19912:
19907:
19903:
19899:
19897:
19892:
19887:
19884:
19883:
19878:
19875:
19871:
19869:0-87722-218-5
19865:
19861:
19860:
19854:
19852:
19847:
19841:
19837:
19832:
19830:
19825:
19820:
19818:
19814:
19813:0-19-502563-6
19810:
19806:
19804:
19800:
19797:
19795:
19791:
19787:
19783:
19780:
19777:
19775:
19770:
19768:0-86091-188-8
19764:
19760:
19755:
19753:
19748:
19742:
19738:
19734:
19730:
19728:
19723:
19721:0-8139-0969-4
19717:
19713:
19708:
19706:
19701:
19699:1-56584-028-3
19695:
19691:
19686:
19684:
19679:
19677:0-674-81092-9
19673:
19669:
19664:
19662:
19657:
19655:0-674-01061-2
19651:
19647:
19643:
19639:
19637:
19632:
19626:
19622:
19618:
19617:Beckert, Sven
19614:
19612:
19607:
19605:0-8078-1447-4
19601:
19597:
19593:
19592:Bateman, Fred
19589:
19587:
19582:
19576:
19572:
19568:
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19562:
19557:
19553:
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19176:
19174:
19165:
19158:
19143:
19139:
19132:
19124:
19117:
19111:
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19096:
19090:
19082:
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19074:
19070:
19065:
19060:
19056:
19052:
19048:
19041:
19033:
19027:
19023:
19022:
19014:
19007:
19001:
18993:
18989:
18984:
18979:
18975:
18971:
18967:
18963:
18959:
18955:
18951:
18944:
18935:
18929:(1988) p. 678
18928:
18922:
18914:
18908:
18904:
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18694:
18690:
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18681:
18676:
18670:
18662:
18656:
18652:
18648:
18647:Princeton, NJ
18644:
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18629:
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18615:
18611:
18607:
18603:
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18597:
18591:
18583:
18577:
18573:
18569:
18565:
18564:
18559:
18553:
18545:
18539:
18536:. p. 7.
18535:
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18527:
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18509:
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18323:
18319:
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18313:
18309:
18303:
18295:
18289:
18285:
18280:
18279:
18273:
18272:Wright, Gavin
18267:
18259:
18255:
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18247:
18243:
18239:
18238:
18233:
18232:Wright, Gavin
18227:
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18006:
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17994:
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17959:
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17908:
17904:
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17858:
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17686:
17682:
17678:
17674:
17668:
17666:
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17651:
17647:
17643:
17642:
17637:
17636:Beckert, Sven
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16845:
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16825:
16821:
16815:
16807:
16803:
16797:
16789:
16783:
16782:cite AV media
16767:
16766:
16759:
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16704:
16696:
16690:
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16638:
16633:
16625:
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16615:
16608:
16604:
16599:
16590:
16582:
16576:
16572:
16571:
16566:
16560:
16553:
16552:George Julian
16549:
16543:
16536:
16535:
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16503:
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16482:
16476:
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16356:
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16347:
16340:
16324:
16320:
16314:
16306:
16302:
16301:
16295:
16294:Torrey, Jesse
16289:
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15492:
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15471:
15464:
15462:
15460:
15458:
15456:
15440:
15436:
15429:
15421:
15420:
15415:
15414:Kenrick, John
15409:
15401:
15397:
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15387:
15381:
15373:
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15341:
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15085:
15081:
15074:
15066:
15062:
15057:
15052:
15048:
15044:
15040:
15036:
15035:Health Equity
15032:
15025:
15018:. p. 10.
15017:
15010:
15002:
14996:
14987:
14981:Moon, p. 234.
14978:
14976:
14974:
14965:
14959:
14955:
14954:
14946:
14931:. Daily Press
14930:
14923:
14907:
14901:
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14882:
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14752:
14744:
14738:
14737:1-136-71610-6
14734:
14730:
14724:
14717:
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14702:
14695:
14689:
14680:
14673:
14669:
14663:
14657:
14656:0-7432-8258-2
14653:
14649:
14645:
14640:
14631:
14623:
14617:
14613:
14612:
14604:
14602:
14594:
14588:
14579:
14571:
14570:
14565:
14558:
14550:
14546:
14542:
14541:
14533:
14525:
14514:
14510:
14507:. p. 4.
14506:
14502:
14495:
14480:
14476:
14470:
14462:
14458:
14454:
14450:
14446:
14440:
14436:
14432:
14426:
14418:
14414:
14410:
14406:
14402:
14398:
14394:
14390:
14386:
14382:
14378:
14372:
14364:
14360:
14356:
14355:
14347:
14345:
14337:
14331:
14324:
14318:
14311:
14305:
14298:
14292:
14285:
14279:
14270:
14263:
14257:
14249:
14243:
14239:
14234:
14233:
14224:
14213:
14207:
14200:
14194:
14178:
14174:
14168:
14153:
14149:
14143:
14135:
14129:
14125:
14124:
14116:
14114:
14112:
14110:
14102:
14096:
14089:
14085:
14081:
14077:
14073:
14066:
14059:
14054:
14046:
14042:
14041:
14035:
14027:
14019:
14015:
14014:
14008:
14000:
13984:
13980:
13979:
13973:
13965:
13950:
13946:
13942:
13935:
13927:
13923:
13919:
13918:
13913:
13907:
13899:
13895:
13891:
13887:
13884:
13877:
13875:
13866:
13860:
13857:. p. 2.
13856:
13852:
13845:
13830:
13829:
13821:
13814:
13806:
13800:
13796:
13789:
13781:
13775:
13771:
13764:
13756:
13750:
13746:
13745:
13737:
13721:
13720:
13715:
13709:
13702:
13698:
13694:
13690:
13685:
13681:
13675:
13660:
13656:
13649:
13641:
13635:
13631:
13626:
13625:
13616:
13609:
13603:
13595:
13591:
13587:
13580:
13572:
13566:
13562:
13557:
13556:
13547:
13539:
13538:
13530:
13522:
13516:
13512:
13511:
13503:
13495:
13489:
13485:
13484:
13476:
13468:
13462:
13458:
13457:
13449:
13441:
13435:
13431:
13430:
13422:
13414:
13408:
13404:
13403:
13395:
13387:
13381:
13377:
13376:
13368:
13352:
13348:
13344:
13340:
13333:
13317:
13313:
13309:
13305:
13298:
13291:
13280:
13274:
13270:
13265:
13264:
13255:
13247:
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13237:
13233:
13226:
13218:
13212:
13196:
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13180:
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13172:
13168:
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13153:
13149:
13145:
13141:
13140:
13131:
13123:
13117:
13113:
13109:
13105:
13098:
13096:
13094:
13086:
13081:
13075:
13071:
13064:
13057:
13045:
13041:
13034:
13027:
13023:
13017:
13013:
13006:
12998:
12994:
12990:
12986:
12982:
12978:
12974:
12970:
12963:
12948:
12944:
12937:
12930:
12924:
12917:
12911:
12904:
12898:
12890:
12886:
12882:
12878:
12874:
12870:
12866:
12862:
12858:
12851:
12843:
12836:
12834:
12832:
12830:
12821:
12817:
12811:
12795:
12794:
12789:
12783:
12768:
12764:
12757:
12749:
12743:
12738:
12737:
12728:
12713:
12709:
12705:
12701:
12695:
12688:
12682:
12678:
12674:
12673:
12668:
12662:
12654:
12650:
12646:
12642:
12638:
12634:
12630:
12626:
12625:
12617:
12609:
12603:
12599:
12595:
12594:
12589:
12585:
12584:Schama, Simon
12579:
12577:
12575:
12567:
12561:
12553:
12549:
12543:
12535:
12529:
12525:
12518:
12516:
12507:
12503:
12499:
12492:
12476:
12472:
12468:
12462:
12460:
12451:
12447:
12443:
12439:
12435:
12431:
12427:
12420:
12412:
12408:
12404:
12400:
12396:
12392:
12385:
12378:
12372:
12357:
12356:nydivided.org
12353:
12347:
12340:
12336:
12333:
12328:
12321:
12315:
12308:
12302:
12295:
12291:
12287:
12281:
12266:
12262:
12256:
12249:
12248:0-684-81363-7
12245:
12241:
12235:
12228:
12222:
12206:
12200:
12198:
12190:
12184:
12182:
12173:
12167:
12163:
12159:
12152:
12144:
12143:
12138:
12132:
12124:
12117:
12110:
12103:
12097:
12089:
12083:
12079:
12078:
12070:
12063:
12057:
12050:. p. iv.
12049:
12045:
12041:
12040:
12032:
12024:
12020:
12016:
12012:
12011:
12003:
11995:
11991:
11990:
11985:
11981:
11975:
11967:
11966:
11961:
11955:
11947:
11943:
11939:
11935:
11934:
11929:
11922:
11914:
11908:
11904:
11897:
11889:
11885:
11883:
11879:
11874:
11868:
11853:
11849:
11848:
11843:
11839:
11833:
11817:
11813:
11809:
11803:
11795:
11791:
11784:
11777:
11771:
11769:
11753:
11752:
11747:
11743:
11737:
11735:
11719:
11718:
11713:
11709:
11703:
11701:
11699:
11690:
11684:
11680:
11676:
11675:
11667:
11659:
11655:
11651:
11647:
11643:
11639:
11635:
11631:
11626:
11622:(Fall 2013).
11621:
11615:
11607:
11606:
11601:
11597:
11591:
11583:
11577:
11573:
11566:
11557:
11542:
11538:
11531:
11516:
11512:
11505:
11497:
11491:
11488:p. 173.
11487:
11483:
11482:
11481:Robert E. Lee
11477:
11471:
11456:
11452:
11445:
11437:
11431:
11427:
11420:
11405:
11401:
11394:
11383:
11376:
11361:
11357:
11356:"Paternalism"
11350:
11336:
11330:
11326:
11322:
11318:
11314:
11307:
11299:
11295:
11291:
11287:
11283:
11279:
11275:
11274:
11269:
11263:
11256:
11250:
11248:
11239:
11235:
11230:
11225:
11221:
11217:
11213:
11209:
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11197:
11190:
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11178:
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11166:
11162:
11158:
11154:
11150:
11143:
11136:
11132:
11128:
11125:
11120:
11118:
11116:
11094:
11087:
11081:
11066:
11062:
11056:
11048:
11044:
11040:
11036:
11032:
11028:
11021:
11014:
11008:
11000:
10996:
10992:
10988:
10984:
10980:
10973:
10966:
10965:Public Choice
10960:
10954:
10950:
10946:
10940:
10933:
10929:
10925:
10919:
10912:
10911:0-684-81363-7
10908:
10904:
10898:
10896:
10888:
10884:
10880:
10874:
10872:
10870:
10862:
10858:
10854:
10848:
10846:
10844:
10827:
10820:
10812:
10808:
10801:
10785:
10781:
10775:
10759:
10755:
10749:
10742:. p. 72.
10741:
10734:
10726:
10725:
10717:
10710:
10704:
10696:
10690:
10686:
10679:
10671:
10665:
10661:
10660:
10652:
10644:
10637:
10622:
10618:
10612:
10610:
10608:
10606:
10604:
10595:
10589:
10585:
10584:
10576:
10568:
10561:
10545:
10538:
10530:
10524:
10520:
10519:
10511:
10503:
10497:
10489:
10483:
10468:
10464:
10458:
10451:
10445:
10438:
10434:
10430:
10424:
10417:
10413:
10409:
10403:
10388:
10384:
10378:
10372:
10371:1-4157-0217-9
10368:
10365:
10361:
10357:
10352:
10344:
10337:
10329:
10323:
10319:
10315:
10308:
10301:
10297:
10293:
10287:
10285:
10277:
10276:0-679-40493-7
10273:
10269:
10263:
10256:
10255:0-679-73623-9
10252:
10248:
10242:
10235:
10234:Mackaman, Tom
10230:
10223:
10219:
10215:
10209:
10200:
10193:
10187:
10171:
10167:
10161:
10157:
10156:
10148:
10140:
10136:
10132:
10125:
10110:
10106:
10099:
10084:
10080:
10074:
10067:
10063:
10059:
10056:
10051:
10045:
10041:
10037:
10031:
10024:
10020:
10015:
10000:
9996:
9990:
9983:
9981:
9976:
9972:
9966:
9959:
9955:
9952:
9947:
9939:
9933:
9929:
9928:
9920:
9905:
9904:
9899:
9892:
9885:
9880:
9872:
9866:
9862:
9855:
9847:
9841:
9837:
9836:
9828:
9826:
9817:
9810:
9802:
9798:
9794:
9787:
9779:
9777:0-19-502771-X
9773:
9769:
9765:
9758:
9754:
9737:
9728:
9724:
9714:
9711:
9709:
9706:
9704:
9701:
9699:
9696:
9694:
9691:
9689:
9686:
9685:
9676:
9673:
9671:
9668:
9666:
9663:
9661:
9660:
9656:
9652:
9649:
9648:
9647:
9644:
9642:
9639:
9637:
9634:
9632:
9629:
9627:
9624:
9622:
9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9606:
9603:
9601:
9598:
9597:
9592:
9581:
9578:
9567:
9564:
9558:
9553:
9544:, April 1934)
9543:
9539:
9534:
9529:
9523:
9508:
9505:
9502:
9501:
9497:
9494:
9491:
9490:
9486:
9483:
9480:
9479:
9475:
9472:
9469:
9468:
9464:
9461:
9458:
9457:
9453:
9450:
9447:
9446:
9440:
9437:
9433:
9429:
9424:
9420:
9418:slaveholders.
9416:
9415:named persons
9412:
9411:
9406:
9392:
9389:
9386:
9383:
9380:
9377:
9374:
9371:
9367:
9363:
9360:
9357:
9354:
9351:
9348:
9345:
9342:
9339:
9338:
9334:
9331:
9328:
9325:
9322:
9319:
9316:
9313:
9309:
9305:
9302:
9299:
9296:
9293:
9290:
9287:
9284:
9280:
9276:
9273:
9270:
9267:
9264:
9261:
9258:
9255:
9251:
9247:
9244:
9241:
9238:
9235:
9232:
9229:
9226:
9222:
9218:
9215:
9212:
9209:
9206:
9203:
9200:
9197:
9193:
9189:
9186:
9183:
9180:
9177:
9174:
9171:
9168:
9164:
9160:
9157:
9154:
9151:
9148:
9145:
9142:
9139:
9135:
9131:
9128:
9125:
9122:
9119:
9116:
9113:
9110:
9106:
9102:
9099:
9096:
9093:
9090:
9087:
9084:
9081:
9077:
9073:
9070:
9067:
9064:
9061:
9058:
9055:
9052:
9048:
9044:
9041:
9038:
9035:
9032:
9029:
9026:
9023:
9019:
9015:
9012:
9009:
9006:
9003:
9000:
8997:
8994:
8990:
8986:
8983:
8980:
8977:
8974:
8971:
8968:
8965:
8961:
8957:
8954:
8951:
8948:
8945:
8942:
8939:
8936:
8934:New Hampshire
8932:
8928:
8925:
8922:
8919:
8916:
8913:
8910:
8907:
8903:
8899:
8896:
8893:
8890:
8887:
8884:
8881:
8878:
8874:
8870:
8867:
8864:
8861:
8858:
8855:
8852:
8849:
8845:
8841:
8838:
8835:
8832:
8829:
8826:
8823:
8820:
8816:
8812:
8809:
8806:
8803:
8800:
8797:
8794:
8791:
8787:
8783:
8780:
8777:
8774:
8771:
8768:
8765:
8762:
8758:
8754:
8751:
8748:
8745:
8742:
8739:
8736:
8733:
8731:Massachusetts
8729:
8725:
8722:
8719:
8716:
8713:
8710:
8707:
8704:
8700:
8696:
8693:
8690:
8687:
8684:
8681:
8678:
8675:
8671:
8667:
8664:
8661:
8658:
8655:
8652:
8649:
8646:
8642:
8638:
8635:
8632:
8629:
8626:
8623:
8620:
8617:
8613:
8609:
8606:
8603:
8600:
8597:
8594:
8591:
8588:
8584:
8580:
8577:
8574:
8571:
8568:
8565:
8562:
8559:
8555:
8551:
8548:
8545:
8542:
8539:
8536:
8533:
8530:
8526:
8522:
8519:
8516:
8513:
8510:
8507:
8504:
8501:
8497:
8493:
8490:
8487:
8484:
8481:
8478:
8475:
8472:
8468:
8464:
8461:
8458:
8455:
8452:
8449:
8446:
8443:
8439:
8435:
8432:
8429:
8426:
8423:
8420:
8417:
8414:
8410:
8406:
8403:
8400:
8397:
8394:
8391:
8388:
8385:
8381:
8377:
8374:
8371:
8368:
8365:
8362:
8359:
8356:
8352:
8348:
8345:
8342:
8339:
8336:
8333:
8330:
8327:
8323:
8319:
8316:
8313:
8310:
8307:
8304:
8301:
8298:
8294:
8290:
8287:
8284:
8281:
8278:
8275:
8272:
8269:
8265:
8261:
8258:
8255:
8252:
8249:
8246:
8243:
8240:
8236:
8232:
8229:
8226:
8223:
8220:
8217:
8214:
8211:
8206:
8205:
8202:
8193:
8176:
8170:
8166:
8163:
8160:
8157:
8154:
8151:
8148:
8147:
8143:
8140:
8137:
8134:
8131:
8128:
8125:
8124:
8120:
8117:
8114:
8111:
8108:
8105:
8102:
8101:
8097:
8094:
8091:
8088:
8085:
8082:
8079:
8078:
8074:
8071:
8068:
8065:
8062:
8059:
8056:
8055:
8051:
8048:
8045:
8042:
8039:
8036:
8033:
8032:
8028:
8025:
8022:
8019:
8016:
8013:
8010:
8009:
8005:
8002:
7999:
7996:
7993:
7990:
7987:
7986:
7982:
7979:
7976:
7973:
7970:
7967:
7964:
7963:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7934:
7929:
7928:
7922:
7918:
7914:
7896:
7892:
7887:
7884:
7883:
7875:
7871:
7867:
7863:
7859:
7854:
7851:
7850:
7842:
7838:
7833:
7830:
7829:
7821:
7817:
7812:
7809:
7808:
7800:
7796:
7792:
7787:
7784:
7783:
7775:
7771:
7766:
7763:
7762:
7754:
7750:
7746:
7742:
7738:
7733:
7730:
7729:
7721:
7717:
7713:
7708:
7705:
7704:
7698:
7691:
7690:
7686:
7671:
7668:
7667:
7663:
7660:
7659:
7655:
7652:
7651:
7647:
7644:
7643:
7639:
7636:
7635:
7631:
7628:
7627:
7623:
7620:
7619:
7615:
7612:
7611:
7607:
7604:
7603:
7588:
7576:
7572:
7568:
7560:, Pittsburgh)
7559:
7555:
7551:
7537:
7532:
7522:
7515:
7510:
7498:
7497:
7484:
7480:
7475:
7454:
7442:
7438:
7433:
7421:
7417:
7413:
7408:
7398:
7385:
7384:
7378:
7365:
7361:
7349:
7342:
7338:
7334:
7329:
7325:
7324:Convict lease
7312:
7308:
7304:
7300:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7282:
7276:
7272:
7259:
7255:
7251:
7246:
7154:
7145:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7124:
7120:
7116:
7110:
7097:
7094:) during the
7093:
7089:
7085:
7081:
7076:
7067:
7066:
7061:
7057:
7052:
7047:
7034:
7030:
7025:
7021:
7015:
7011:
7007:
7003:
6990:
6986:
6982:
6981:Robert Toombs
6978:
6974:
6970:
6969:John B. Floyd
6966:
6962:
6958:
6954:
6950:
6949:Henry A. Wise
6946:
6941:
6934:
6930:
6926:
6925:
6919:
6908:
6903:
6901:
6896:
6894:
6889:
6888:
6886:
6885:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6867:
6863:
6862:
6856:
6855:
6848:
6847:
6843:
6841:
6840:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6828:
6824:
6822:
6820:
6815:
6813:
6812:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6802:
6796:
6795:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6777:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6765:
6761:
6759:
6758:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6738:
6732:
6731:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6610:
6604:
6603:
6596:
6595:Panic of 1857
6593:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6581:
6580:
6577:
6572:
6566:
6553:
6542:
6541:
6536:
6529:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6511:
6505:
6501:
6488:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6471:Freedom suits
6468:
6453:
6449:
6443:
6430:
6426:
6425:
6420:
6416:
6411:
6407:
6403:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6375:
6368:
6364:
6360:
6358:
6354:
6347:
6342:
6338:
6332:
6328:
6324:
6323:Slave catcher
6318:
6302:
6298:
6292:
6288:
6284:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6263:
6258:
6254:
6253:Shadow family
6250:
6246:
6228:
6225:(Eyre Crowe,
6224:
6220:
6216:
6212:
6207:
6200:
6196:
6192:
6185:
6181:
6180:
6175:
6171:
6167:
6163:
6159:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6136:
6124:
6120:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6102:2011.155.305)
6101:
6097:
6092:
6083:
6078:
6077:Ashley's Sack
6074:
6066:
6060:
6056:
6050:
6043:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6027:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6007:
5992:
5991:The Liberator
5988:
5983:
5977:
5973:
5969:
5965:
5961:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5943:
5930:
5926:
5922:
5918:
5914:
5911:
5907:
5906:
5900:
5895:
5891:
5880:
5869:
5856:
5852:
5848:
5843:
5831:
5826:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5797:
5794:
5791:
5788:
5785:
5782:
5781:Denmark Vesey
5779:
5776:
5775:George Boxley
5773:
5770:
5767:
5764:
5763:Chatham Manor
5761:
5758:
5755:
5752:
5749:
5748:
5743:
5736:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5719:
5713:
5700:
5696:
5692:
5687:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5627:
5626:
5620:
5613:
5610:Map of known
5608:
5601:
5600:
5594:
5587:
5583:
5579:
5575:
5570:
5563:
5559:
5558:Samuel Sewall
5556:Abolitionist
5554:
5547:
5543:
5539:
5534:
5528:
5524:
5520:
5519:Lucretia Mott
5516:
5515:Robert Purvis
5512:
5508:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5479:
5471:
5467:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5441:
5428:
5424:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5404:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5393:
5389:
5388:Golden Circle
5384:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5357:
5350:
5346:
5341:
5334:
5330:
5324:
5319:
5313:
5307:
5285:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5265:
5264:Planter class
5261:
5257:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5239:
5235:
5219:
5211:
5206:
5202:
5196:
5192:
5188:
5184:
5178:
5174:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5150:
5145:
5144:John Trumbull
5141:
5136:
5132:
5126:
5114:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5101:
5095:
5090:
5084:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5048:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5028:
5024:
5011:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4996:Black Patriot
4984:
4980:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4961:
4955:
4951:
4937:
4930:
4925:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4907:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4862:
4857:
4855:
4850:
4848:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4839:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4773:
4772:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4678:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4631:
4630:
4622:
4621:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4591:
4590:Neighborhoods
4588:
4587:
4580:
4579:
4571:
4568:
4563:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4546:
4545:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4526:Black Indians
4524:
4523:
4516:
4515:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4471:
4470:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4403:
4396:
4395:
4386:
4385:Red handprint
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4324:
4323:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4086:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4044:Seminole Wars
4042:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4002:Pontiac's War
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3987:Tuscarora War
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3940:
3939:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3920:Neighborhoods
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3855:Adena culture
3853:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3843:
3838:
3837:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3785:Jim Crow laws
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3675:Classic stage
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3655:Paleo-Indians
3653:
3652:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3607:
3602:
3600:
3595:
3593:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3544:
3543:Minstrel show
3541:
3539:
3538:Magical Negro
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3463:
3455:
3454:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3349:
3348:West Virginia
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3284:
3283:San Francisco
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3263:New York City
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3046:
3045:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3004:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2956:
2955:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2914:Nova Scotians
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2817:Black Indians
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2791:
2783:
2782:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2755:HBCU (HBCUAC)
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2721:
2720:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2656:Organizations
2655:
2654:
2646:
2645:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2525:Organizations
2524:
2523:
2515:
2514:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2408:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2193:Neighborhoods
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2136:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1838:Slave catcher
1836:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1763:
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571:Abbasid harem
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200:slave auction
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196:Paul Jennings
193:
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144:
133:
124:
113:
104:
93:
84:
73:
64:
54:
47:
46:
38:
34:
30:
19:
31698:Bibliography
31681:Other topics
31623:By ethnicity
31591:
31544:Trent Affair
31443:Signal Corps
31300:
31023:White League
30910:Ku Klux Klan
30823:Confederados
30750:Constitution
30622:D. D. Porter
30475:Breckinridge
30186:Rhode Island
30181:Pennsylvania
29936:Spotsylvania
29896:Stones River
29876:2nd Bull Run
29826:1st Bull Run
29712:Stones River
29613:Marine Corps
29580:Marine Corps
29419:Abolitionism
29406:
29396:
29359:
29336:
29056:Slave trade
29030:Field slaves
29019:
28877:
28722:
28711:Bunce Island
28572:Demographics
28553:Igbo Landing
28384:Black church
28344:
28337:
28331:Publications
28318:
28310:
28302:
28294:
28286:
28278:
28101:Sportspeople
28071:Billionaires
27988:Sierra Leone
27891:Philadelphia
27727:Jacksonville
27554:Demographics
27386:Jack Johnson
27376:Muhammad Ali
27209:Conservatism
27144:Black church
27041:Andrew Young
27026:Ida B. Wells
27016:David Walker
27011:C. T. Vivian
26966:Paul Robeson
26961:Hiram Revels
26941:Colin Powell
26921:Barack Obama
26876:James Lawson
26831:Jimi Hendrix
26801:James Farmer
26796:Medgar Evers
26766:Ralph Bunche
26716:Maya Angelou
26690:Middle class
26568:Afrofuturism
26527:
26494:
26482:
26475:
26396:
26341:
26288:
26254:Afrocentrism
26244:Abolitionism
26177:
26169:
26161:
26153:
26145:
26137:
26129:
26109:
26055:
26047:
26028:
26022:The Octoroon
26020:
26012:
25993:
25967:
25959:
25951:
25932:
25924:
25916:
25908:
25900:
25892:
25884:
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25804:
25796:
25774:
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25758:
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25697:
25689:
25681:
25673:
25665:
25657:
25649:
25641:
25633:
25625:
25617:
25609:
25601:
25415:Thomas James
25364:Moses Grandy
25359:David George
25318:Lucy Delaney
25292:Peter Bruner
25231:Sam Aleckson
25111:Roustam Raza
25022:Joseph Pitts
24944:Robert Adams
24928:by continent
24860:
24844:
24836:
24828:
24820:
24812:
24804:
24796:
24788:
24780:
24746:
24722:
24668:publications
24653:Abolitionism
24619:Tilly Escape
24598:
24584:
24579:Jerry Rescue
24552:
24451:Gerrit Smith
24411:David Hudson
24186:
24072:
24065:
23934:Field slaves
23897:Abolitionism
23831:Cultural and
23822:Bibliography
23753:
23657:South Dakota
23647:Rhode Island
23642:Pennsylvania
23622:North Dakota
23442:
23380:
23356:
23346:
23267:. Retrieved
23263:
23237:
23219:
23200:
23196:
23191:
23159:
23138:
23102:
23088:
23057:
23032:
23021:
23003:Mentor Books
22998:
22975:
22951:
22934:
22909:
22891:
22885:
22864:
22858:
22840:
22816:
22810:
22796:
22785:. Retrieved
22780:
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22724:
22702:
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22644:
22623:
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22587:
22584:Forret, Jeff
22562:
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22078:
22046:
22032:
22025:
22014:
22007:
21986:
21978:
21958:
21944:
21930:
21919:
21905:
21897:
21884:
21870:
21856:
21837:
21830:. Retrieved
21826:the original
21819:
21814:
21802:
21783:
21771:
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21751:
21741:
21731:
21721:
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21377:
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21326:
21298:
21294:
21253:
21249:
21209:
21205:
21174:
21166:
21153:
21146:
21143:Oakes, James
21124:
21103:
21087:
21065:
21057:
21032:
21029:Hahn, Steven
20992:
20965:
20961:
20925:
20921:
20906:
20902:
20890:Vol. 34, No.
20884:
20881:Temin, Peter
20850:
20846:
20818:
20814:
20794:
20778:
20767:
20754:
20731:
20719:
20705:
20691:
20681:
20672:
20661:
20657:
20649:
20639:
20632:
20625:
20601:
20579:
20557:
20554:Oakes, James
20533:
20519:
20507:
20497:
20475:
20456:
20445:
20434:
20411:
20386:
20364:
20342:
20324:
20301:
20289:
20271:
20257:
20239:
20226:
20223:Gallay, Alan
20202:
20180:
20158:
20133:
20111:
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20042:
20013:
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19781:
19758:
19736:
19711:
19689:
19667:
19645:
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19595:
19570:
19555:
19552:Arthur, John
19540:
19528:
19506:Bibliography
19494:
19473:
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19427:
19368:
19362:
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19328:
19314:
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19241:
19227:
19219:1877/etd1909
19209:
19202:
19182:
19157:
19147:December 29,
19145:. Retrieved
19141:
19131:
19122:
19110:
19101:
19089:
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18707:
18683:. New York:
18679:
18669:
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18628:
18604:. New York:
18600:
18590:
18566:. New York:
18562:
18552:
18532:. New York:
18529:
18520:
18510:. New York:
18507:
18498:
18471:
18465:
18441:
18414:
18397:
18380:
18374:
18357:
18344:
18326:Bantam Books
18322:Reeve, Henry
18316:
18302:
18282:. New York:
18277:
18266:
18241:
18235:
18226:
18207:
18201:
18184:
18180:
18167:
18158:
18149:
18126:. Retrieved
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18008:. Retrieved
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17553:
17547:
17531:
17523:the original
17518:
17509:
17485:. New York:
17481:
17471:
17446:
17440:
17434:
17391:
17385:
17342:. New York:
17338:
17300:
17294:
17288:
17255:
17249:
17240:
17207:
17201:
17177:. Retrieved
17173:
17164:
17137:
17133:
17123:
17093:(1): 19–45.
17090:
17086:
17076:
17033:
17029:
17011:
17005:
16985:
16978:
16969:
16960:
16951:
16939:. Retrieved
16927:
16917:
16905:. Retrieved
16900:
16891:
16861:(1): 42–75.
16858:
16854:
16844:
16836:
16831:
16823:
16819:
16814:
16805:
16796:
16770:. Retrieved
16764:
16758:
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16742:the original
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16449:
16441:
16440:Larry Gara,
16436:
16428:
16423:
16403:
16393:
16385:
16380:
16368:. Retrieved
16364:
16355:
16345:
16339:
16327:. Retrieved
16322:
16313:
16298:
16288:
16282:p. 136.
16274:
16270:Jay, William
16264:
16255:
16246:
16237:
16232:
16220:. Retrieved
16210:
16203:
16196:Christianity
16195:
16190:
16178:. Retrieved
16164:
16144:
16137:
16118:
16092:
16087:
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16033:
16021:. Retrieved
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15779:
15767:. Retrieved
15761:
15751:
15739:. Retrieved
15725:
15714:
15704:
15685:
15679:
15664:
15649:
15640:
15634:
15615:
15609:
15591:W. W. Norton
15586:
15580:
15572:
15567:
15548:
15527:. Retrieved
15510:(1): 13–38.
15507:
15501:
15469:
15442:. Retrieved
15438:
15428:
15418:
15408:
15390:
15386:Rankin, John
15380:
15361:
15355:
15343:. Retrieved
15339:
15329:
15317:. Retrieved
15313:
15304:
15292:. Retrieved
15277:
15270:
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15254:
15235:
15229:
15210:
15182:
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15139:
15135:
15124:
15090:(1): 37–53.
15087:
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15015:
15009:
14995:
14986:
14952:
14945:
14933:. Retrieved
14922:
14910:. Retrieved
14900:
14888:. Retrieved
14884:
14874:
14841:
14837:
14831:
14809:(1): 10–20.
14806:
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14587:
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14567:
14557:
14539:
14532:
14522:– via
14516:. Retrieved
14504:
14494:
14484:December 29,
14482:. Retrieved
14478:
14469:
14434:
14425:
14384:
14380:
14371:
14353:
14336:Soul by Soul
14335:
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14278:
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14223:
14211:
14206:
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14193:
14181:. Retrieved
14177:the original
14167:
14157:December 29,
14155:. Retrieved
14151:
14142:
14122:
14100:
14095:
14065:
14057:
14053:
14038:
14026:
14011:
13999:
13989:February 15,
13987:. Retrieved
13976:
13964:
13954:February 28,
13952:. Retrieved
13944:
13934:
13915:
13912:"(Untitled)"
13906:
13886:
13882:
13850:
13844:
13834:February 13,
13832:. Retrieved
13826:
13813:
13794:
13788:
13769:
13763:
13743:
13736:
13724:. Retrieved
13717:
13708:
13693:Sierra Leone
13684:the original
13674:
13664:February 14,
13662:. Retrieved
13658:
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13623:
13615:
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13602:
13585:
13579:
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13367:
13355:. Retrieved
13351:the original
13346:
13342:
13332:
13320:. Retrieved
13316:the original
13311:
13307:
13297:
13289:
13282:. Retrieved
13262:
13254:
13231:
13225:
13199:. Retrieved
13194:
13166:
13160:
13143:
13137:
13130:
13103:
13083:
13069:
13063:
13054:
13047:. Retrieved
13043:
13033:
13025:
13011:
13005:
12975:(1): 66–90.
12972:
12968:
12962:
12950:. Retrieved
12946:
12936:
12928:
12923:
12915:
12910:
12902:
12897:
12864:
12860:
12850:
12841:
12819:
12810:
12798:. Retrieved
12791:
12782:
12770:. Retrieved
12766:
12756:
12735:
12727:
12715:. Retrieved
12707:
12694:
12671:
12661:
12628:
12622:
12616:
12592:
12565:
12560:
12552:the original
12542:
12523:
12497:
12491:
12479:. Retrieved
12475:the original
12433:
12429:
12419:
12394:
12390:
12384:
12376:
12371:
12361:December 29,
12359:. Retrieved
12355:
12346:
12338:
12334:
12327:
12319:
12314:
12306:
12301:
12285:
12280:
12270:November 10,
12268:. Retrieved
12264:
12255:
12239:
12234:
12226:
12221:
12209:. Retrieved
12188:
12161:
12151:
12141:
12131:
12122:
12109:
12101:
12096:
12076:
12069:
12061:
12056:
12038:
12031:
12014:
12008:
12002:
11993:
11987:
11974:
11968:. p. 2.
11964:
11954:
11937:
11931:
11927:
11921:
11902:
11896:
11876:
11867:
11857:November 16,
11855:. Retrieved
11851:
11845:
11832:
11820:. Retrieved
11815:
11810:(May 1851).
11802:
11789:
11783:
11775:
11757:December 10,
11755:. Retrieved
11749:
11723:December 10,
11721:. Retrieved
11715:
11673:
11666:
11633:
11629:
11614:
11604:
11590:
11571:
11565:
11556:
11544:. Retrieved
11540:
11530:
11518:. Retrieved
11515:The Enquirer
11514:
11504:
11480:
11470:
11458:. Retrieved
11454:
11444:
11425:
11419:
11407:. Retrieved
11403:
11393:
11380:Cole, Josh.
11375:
11363:. Retrieved
11359:
11349:
11338:, retrieved
11316:
11306:
11271:
11262:
11254:
11203:
11199:
11189:
11156:
11152:
11142:
11134:
11101:2 of Article
11093:
11085:
11080:
11070:February 19,
11068:. Retrieved
11064:
11055:
11030:
11026:
11020:
11012:
11007:
10982:
10978:
10972:
10964:
10959:
10944:
10939:
10923:
10918:
10902:
10878:
10852:
10830:. Retrieved
10819:
10810:
10806:
10800:
10790:December 29,
10788:. Retrieved
10783:
10774:
10764:December 29,
10762:. Retrieved
10757:
10748:
10739:
10733:
10723:
10716:
10708:
10703:
10684:
10678:
10658:
10651:
10642:
10636:
10624:. Retrieved
10620:
10582:
10575:
10566:
10560:
10548:. Retrieved
10537:
10517:
10510:
10496:
10482:
10472:December 29,
10470:. Retrieved
10466:
10457:
10444:
10428:
10423:
10407:
10402:
10392:December 29,
10390:. Retrieved
10386:
10377:
10359:
10351:
10342:
10336:
10317:
10307:
10291:
10267:
10262:
10246:
10241:
10229:
10213:
10208:
10199:
10191:
10186:
10174:. Retrieved
10154:
10147:
10130:
10124:
10112:. Retrieved
10108:
10098:
10088:December 29,
10086:. Retrieved
10082:
10073:
10065:
10050:
10035:
10034:Ira Berlin,
10030:
10022:
10014:
10002:. Retrieved
9998:
9989:
9978:
9965:
9946:
9926:
9919:
9907:. Retrieved
9901:
9891:
9879:
9860:
9854:
9834:
9809:
9800:
9796:
9786:
9763:
9757:
9736:
9727:
9657:
9137:Rhode Island
9108:Pennsylvania
8200:
8178:. Retrieved
7916:
7765:Sierra Leone
7554:Slave Market
7553:
7535:
7494:
7478:
7381:
7307:Hiram Revels
7253:
7137:
7063:
6973:John Slidell
6924:Join, or Die
6922:
6864:
6844:
6837:
6825:
6818:
6809:
6774:
6762:
6755:
6538:
6484:
6423:
6410:Praise house
6350:
6327:Slave patrol
6296:
6270:Henry Mosler
6265:
6195:Wilson Chinn
6177:
6038:
5990:
5986:
5928:
5923:lithograph,
5912:
5903:
5854:
5851:Patty Cannon
5799:
5757:Igbo Landing
5726:
5698:
5623:
5597:
5542:Rufus Putnam
5406:
5368:
5281:
5217:
5147:
5098:
5069:
4972:
4600:Reservations
4583:Demographics
4411:Christianity
4225: /
4221: /
4205: /
4201: /
4197: /
4193: /
4189: /
4185: /
4181: /
4177: /
4161: /
4157: /
4153: /
4149: /
4145: /
4141: /
4137: /
4133: /
4119: /
4115: /
4111: /
4107: /
4103: /
4099: /
4083: /
4079: /
4075: /
4071: /
4067: /
4046: /
3997:Dummer's War
3714:
3660:Lithic stage
3441:Sierra Leone
3273:Philadelphia
3243:Jacksonville
2839:Brass Ankles
2592:Conservatism
2567:Afrocentrism
2539:Joint Center
2430:Black church
2421:Institutions
2336:Billionaires
2326:Middle class
2279:Celebrations
2242:Fraternities
2009:
1843:Slave patrol
1762:Forced labor
1675:Freedom suit
1651:Sierra Leone
1641:Colonization
1557:Abolitionism
1537:Baháʼí Faith
1510:Christianity
1460:Saudi Arabia
1281:Blackbirding
1187:Debt bondage
1175:penal system
1016:prison labor
1001:Contemporary
991:Field slaves
985:
979:U.S. Natives
938:South Africa
809:Galley slave
782:Slave market
772:House slaves
755:Corvée labor
745:Blackbirding
723:Conscription
647:21st century
610:Umm al-walad
454:Muslim world
423:Emancipation
327:Wage slavery
285:Wife selling
275:Bride buying
260:Conscription
243:Contemporary
221:Forced labor
188:Delia Garlic
182:
44:
31504:Copperheads
31216:Confederate
31108:Black Codes
30434:E. K. Smith
30315:Confederate
30262:New Orleans
30257:Chattanooga
30121:Mississippi
30021:Connecticut
29989:territories
29980:Involvement
29941:Cold Harbor
29931:Fort Pillow
29921:Chattanooga
29916:Chickamauga
29866:Seven Pines
29856:New Orleans
29821:Fort Sumter
29762:Valley 1864
29595:Confederacy
29392:Slave Power
29372:Fire-Eaters
29153:Mississippi
29091:Other labor
29035:House negro
28977:King Cotton
28610:Hog Hammock
28480:Ranky Tanky
28414:Goofer dust
28323:(1994–2000)
28121:US senators
28091:Republicans
28076:Journalists
27933:San Antonio
27898:Puerto Rico
27839:Mississippi
27732:Tallahassee
27705:Los Angeles
27396:Jesse Owens
27381:Arthur Ashe
27239:Nationalism
27229:Raised fist
27192:Black power
27097:in medicine
27031:Roy Wilkins
26986:Emmett Till
26971:Al Sharpton
26736:Julian Bond
26731:James Bevel
26695:Upper class
26685:Stereotypes
26578:Black mecca
26490:Plantations
26269:Black Codes
25791: 1861
25784: 1853
25488:Moses Roper
25472:John Parker
25458:(1790–1880)
25436:Boston King
25427:(1799–1874)
25256:Polly Berry
25199:Mary Prince
25113:(1783–1845)
25107:(1684-1777)
25089:(1698–1733)
25072:(1684–1736)
25055:(1644–1744)
25049:(1660–1736)
25043:(1632–1702)
25037:(1598–1682)
25029: 1735
25012:(1708–1754)
25004:Mende Nazer
24994:(1735–1785)
24982:(1564–1639)
24976:(1767–1843)
24970:(1747–1815)
24964:(1620–1702)
24956:Francis Bok
24952:(1714-1761)
24950:Marcus Berg
24946:(c. 1790–?)
24926:Individuals
24841:(2019 film)
24830:Underground
24825:(2016 film)
24809:(1992 film)
24785:(1932 book)
24726:(1872 book)
24705:lawn jockey
24607:Dover Eight
24603:(1856 book)
24589:(1852 book)
24441:John Rankin
24421:Peg Leg Joe
24371:Levi Coffin
24051:Fire-Eaters
23944:Task system
23939:Gang system
23929:Plantations
23732:Puerto Rico
23725:Territories
23572:Mississippi
23487:Connecticut
23224:Baton Rouge
22867:: 119–140.
22446:Basic Books
22271:Berlin, Ira
21877:1251–1268.
21867:Berlin, Ira
21832:October 28,
21333:(4): 14–18.
21054:Foner, Eric
20256:—— (1967).
20143:06-011343-X
20035:Foner, Eric
19642:Berlin, Ira
19057:(1): 5–32.
18733:: 511–536.
18687:. pp.
18568:Basic Books
17612:Basic Books
17346:. pp.
16609:, page 106.
16546:McPherson,
16305:J M Cobbett
16023:October 12,
15912:Foner, Eric
15833:(2): 1–23.
15294:October 15,
14935:October 16,
14912:October 16,
14890:October 16,
14076:Mississippi
12796:. 1839–1840
12761:J.B. Bird.
12717:October 11,
12436:(2): 1–29.
12211:February 8,
12044:Isaac Knapp
11996:(2): 51–53.
11962:(c. 1900).
11460:October 24,
11409:October 24,
10903:John Adams,
10550:October 18,
9909:January 11,
9538:Girod House
8818:Mississippi
8354:Connecticut
7605:Time period
7483:Congo River
7461: 1908
7356: 1900
7309:, who took
7250:Thomas Nast
7080:generations
6989:J.C. Buttre
6548: 1862
6406:Hush harbor
6317:Slave codes
6311:Slave codes
6045: [
5960:New Georgia
5795:(1835–1838)
5738: [
5680:War of 1812
5675:undesirable
5628:(1846–1849)
5505:(including
5427:wage slaves
5252:Task system
5248:Gang system
5238:Fire-Eaters
5154:William Lee
4798:war leaders
4641:Great Basin
4349:Nationalism
4037:Arikara War
4027:War of 1812
3992:Yamasee War
3977:Esopus Wars
3967:Kieft's War
3952:Beaver Wars
3750:Dawes Rolls
3509:Stereotypes
3436:Nova Scotia
3318:Mississippi
3278:San Antonio
3258:Los Angeles
3193:Black mecca
3120:Mississippi
3027:Negro Dutch
2849:Dominickers
2793:Multiethnic
2702:TransAfrica
2612:Nationalism
2582:Black power
2366:Black pride
2331:Upper class
2030:Politicians
1858:court cases
1730: [
1680:Slave Power
1668:Manumission
1515:Catholicism
1390:Afghanistan
1316:Penal Labor
1131:Puerto Rico
1043:The Bahamas
1021:Slave codes
824:Shanghaiing
814:Impressment
706:Slave Coast
586:Qajar harem
546:Concubinage
519:slave trade
307:Penal labor
250:Child Labor
31860:Categories
31737:Juneteenth
31258:Cemeteries
31135:Red Shirts
31046:Centennial
30996:Red Shirts
30404:Longstreet
30334:Beauregard
30277:Winchester
30252:Charleston
30221:Washington
30156:New Mexico
30151:New Jersey
30011:California
29987:States and
29971:Five Forks
29956:Mobile Bay
29926:Wilderness
29906:Gettysburg
29886:Perryville
29871:Seven Days
29802:Appomattox
29727:Gettysburg
29687:New Mexico
29554:Combatants
29529:Combatants
29442:John Brown
28965:Cash crops
28858:Toucouleur
28689:Senegambia
28439:Ring shout
28419:Haint blue
28066:Astronauts
27856:New Jersey
27700:California
27204:Capitalism
27001:Nat Turner
26931:Rosa Parks
26916:Diane Nash
26886:John Lewis
26675:Newspapers
26645:Literature
26630:Juneteenth
26583:Businesses
26437:Exodusters
26405:Free Negro
25969:Copper Sun
25918:Unburnable
25854:Dessa Rose
25581:Osifekunde
25513:Venerable
25456:James Mars
25369:Lear Green
25353:Monticello
25313:Noah Davis
25282:John Brown
25261:Henry Bibb
25204:Venerable
25010:Hark Olufs
24859:See also:
24361:Owen Brown
24356:John Brown
24252:Juneteenth
24237:Contraband
23687:Washington
23607:New Mexico
23602:New Jersey
23477:California
21821:Al-Jazeera
20779:Big Cotton
20664:(2): 2–39.
20489:0737704241
19123:census.gov
19102:census.gov
18608:. p.
18570:. p.
18115:HathiTrust
17489:. p.
17179:August 27,
16941:August 24,
16907:August 24,
16548:Battle Cry
16370:August 28,
16329:August 28,
16303:. London:
15918:Nat Turner
15800:. p.
15394:. Boston:
14453:2015043815
14152:TheGunZone
13689:Paul Cuffe
12952:August 22,
12772:October 4,
12767:John Horse
12240:John Adams
12207:. Mass.gov
11546:August 24,
11520:August 24,
11365:August 22,
11340:August 22,
10044:0674010612
10023:The Nation
9749:References
9526:See also:
8963:New Jersey
8325:California
8262:3,953,820
8238:All States
8164:38,558,371
8141:31,443,321
8118:23,191,876
8095:17,063,353
8072:12,860,702
7958:% Africans
7955:population
7811:Gold Coast
7786:Senegambia
7311:Jeff Davis
7279:See also:
7127:See also:
7060:war artist
7018:See also:
6508:See also:
6431:1979.5.13)
6400:See also:
6361:(image by
6335:See also:
6331:Slave pass
6219:Charleston
6176:(original
6139:See also:
6055:Eyre Crowe
6024:See also:
5910:slave ship
5902:U.S. brig
5729:, an 1881
5716:See also:
5684:See also:
5649:Gold Coast
5622:Page from
5523:John Brown
5316:See also:
5242:See also:
5199:See also:
5160:24.109.88)
5129:See also:
5105:Oney Judge
5031:See also:
5006:Salem Poor
4872:Background
4699:California
4092:Cayuse War
3962:Pequot War
3910:Literature
3075:California
3049:Population
2622:Patriotism
2607:Liberalism
2587:Capitalism
2558:Ideologies
2439:Theologies
2298:Juneteenth
2270:Literature
2198:Newspapers
2106:Migrations
2037:Juneteenth
1873:J.Q. Adams
1863:Washington
1833:Slave name
1777:convention
1752:Common law
1125:Encomienda
921:Seychelles
906:Mauritania
829:Slave ship
696:Panyarring
691:New France
340:Historical
51:See also:
31715:Espionage
31509:Diplomacy
31477:Political
31433:POW camps
31179:Monuments
31006:Scalawags
31001:Redeemers
30739:Aftermath
30688:Pinkerton
30627:Rosecrans
30592:McClellan
30495:Memminger
30231:Wisconsin
30196:Tennessee
30116:Minnesota
30091:Louisiana
29966:Nashville
29911:Vicksburg
29841:Pea Ridge
29792:Carolinas
29747:Red River
29742:Knoxville
29722:Tullahoma
29717:Vicksburg
29697:Peninsula
29669:campaigns
29535:Campaigns
29312:Secession
29148:Louisiana
28999:Sugarcane
28180:Monuments
28056:Activists
27908:Tennessee
27828:Michigan
27812:Baltimore
27802:Louisiana
27795:Lexington
27778:Davenport
27717:Cleveland
27616:Languages
27545:Melungeon
27523:Blaxicans
27391:Joe Louis
27246:Socialism
27182:Anarchism
26911:Bob Moses
26896:Malcolm X
26816:Fred Gray
26680:Soul food
26618:New Negro
26603:Folktales
26513:Redlining
25694:(1936–38)
25180:Caribbean
25006:(b. 1982)
24958:(b. 1979)
24151:Marriage,
23850:Treatment
23697:Wisconsin
23662:Tennessee
23567:Minnesota
23542:Louisiana
23269:March 19,
22894:: 92–109.
22787:March 25,
22783:(2): 169+
22760:456–483.
22397:Archives
22168:425–443.
22106:456–458.
21937:997–1015
21650:(1995) .
21406:146391068
21234:149160543
21011:0002-1482
20999:4, 1974.
20950:149624479
20410:(1999) .
20157:(2007) .
19081:144587155
19073:1533-6271
18974:0144-039X
18490:153965760
18433:153965760
18310:(2004) .
18096:0033-5533
18061:262210797
18053:0014-4983
18005:0009-5982
17927:0022-0515
17896:154464892
17888:0022-0507
17857:155629580
17814:214142489
17806:1468-0289
17771:248716718
17763:0895-3309
17588:145691938
17558:CiteSeerX
17426:145691938
17396:CiteSeerX
17317:154682898
17280:145691938
17232:145691938
17156:211165817
17107:0007-1234
17068:222442945
17060:0022-3816
17038:CiteSeerX
16936:0190-8286
16883:256599213
16875:1533-6271
16537:, p. 495.
16529:McPherson
15991:0022-4642
14803:Endeavour
14513:2158-2661
14461:956713856
14417:153885388
14401:0022-2992
14299:, p. 174.
14088:Carolinas
14080:Louisiana
13898:699102217
13594:0882-228X
13102:"Class".
12989:0004-1823
12889:203494471
12881:0144-039X
12653:149894983
12506:0882-228X
12450:2163-9108
12322:, p. 104.
11818:: 691–715
11658:160472953
11298:21879838M
11290:317690900
11220:0144-039X
11181:228097042
11173:1466-4658
11047:145241006
10999:1478-0542
10626:March 29,
10068:, 1/21/07
9369:Wisconsin
9195:Tennessee
8789:Minnesota
8644:Louisiana
8259:3,204,215
8256:2,487,392
8253:2,009,079
8250:1,531,490
8247:1,191,338
8158:4,880,009
8155:4,880,009
8135:4,441,830
8129:3,953,760
8112:3,638,808
8106:3,204,313
8089:2,873,648
8083:2,487,355
8066:2,328,642
8060:2,009,043
8049:9,638,453
8043:1,771,656
8037:1,538,022
8026:7,239,881
8020:1,377,808
8014:1,191,362
8003:5,308,483
7997:1,002,037
7980:3,929,214
7960:of total
7720:S. Mbundu
7716:N. Mbundu
7661:1810–1865
7653:1801–1810
7645:1791–1800
7637:1771–1790
7629:1761–1770
7621:1701–1760
7613:1620–1700
7608:Quantity
7514:Winnsboro
7491:US$ 1,000
7427:Economics
7391:Apologies
7033:Ambrotype
6607:Political
6554:40.59a-b)
6129:Treatment
5665:salampore
5661:Liverpool
5511:Mary Grew
5395:Actively
4803:musicians
4759:Wisconsin
4671:Southwest
4632:by region
4625:Geography
4549:Languages
4456:Wabunowin
4451:Midewiwin
4441:Sun Dance
4421:Mormonism
4032:Creek War
3533:Hollywood
3523:Blackface
3458:Prejudice
3376:US cities
3253:Lexington
3228:Davenport
3208:Baltimore
3184:US cities
3160:Tennessee
3110:Louisiana
3056:US states
2864:Melungeon
2834:Blaxicans
2632:Socialism
2597:Garveyism
2572:Anarchism
2376:Good hair
2203:Soul food
2173:Folktales
1868:Jefferson
1520:Mormonism
1455:Palestine
1269:Australia
1199:Indonesia
1090:Lei Áurea
1073:Code Noir
1053:Caribbean
1026:Treatment
765:Treatment
738:Devshirme
600:Odalisque
418:In Russia
359:Babylonia
347:Antiquity
186:in 1862;
31829:Category
31670:Seminole
31660:Cherokee
31413:Medicine
31366:Military
31279:Veterans
31113:Jim Crow
30878:timeline
30673:Ericsson
30656:Civilian
30637:Sheridan
30597:McDowell
30557:Farragut
30542:Burnside
30532:Anderson
30525:Military
30505:Stephens
30465:Benjamin
30458:Civilian
30344:Buchanan
30322:Military
30267:Richmond
30216:Virginia
30161:New York
30136:Nebraska
30126:Missouri
30111:Michigan
30101:Maryland
30086:Kentucky
30061:Illinois
30036:Delaware
30016:Colorado
30001:Arkansas
29961:Franklin
29881:Antietam
29752:Overland
29707:Maryland
29626:Theaters
29532:Theaters
29168:Virginia
29143:Kentucky
29065:Internal
29060:Atlantic
28879:Category
28836:Niominka
28791:Mandinka
28356:Language
28203:Category
27994:America
27960:Diaspora
27945:Virginia
27878:Oklahoma
27861:New York
27844:Nebraska
27807:Maryland
27790:Kentucky
27756:Illinois
27695:Arkansas
27600:Illinois
27538:of color
27224:Populism
27197:Movement
27114:Religion
26456:Lynching
26239:Timeline
25990:" (1848)
25736:Oroonoko
25420:John Jea
25024:(1663 –
25018:(1705–?)
25000:(1704–?)
24749:(Boston)
24701:Signals
24555:incident
24518:churches
23817:Glossary
23682:Virginia
23632:Oklahoma
23612:New York
23587:Nebraska
23577:Missouri
23562:Michigan
23552:Maryland
23537:Kentucky
23517:Illinois
23492:Delaware
23482:Colorado
23472:Arkansas
23136:(1993).
23082:(1861).
22933:(2009).
22833:32786606
22729:Preview.
22680:(2016).
22672:Preview.
22662:Preview.
22649:Excerpt.
22639:Preview.
22622:(2013).
22586:(2015).
22578:Preview.
22556:Preview.
22539:(1996).
22521:Preview.
22492:Preview.
22469:(2014).
22461:Preview.
22440:(2014).
22372:Preview.
22322:Preview.
22300:Preview.
22265:Preview.
22248:(2002).
22170:Preview.
22156:Preview.
22135:Preview.
22118:Preview.
22108:Preview.
22077:, eds.,
22045:(2016).
22037:Preview.
22002:Preview.
21971:Preview.
21953:Preview.
21914:Preview.
21889:Preview.
21887:(1987).
21879:Preview.
21788:Preview.
21776:Preview.
21766:Preview.
21756:Preview.
21746:Preview.
21744:, 1933.
21736:Preview.
21726:Preview.
21709:Preview.
21692:Preview.
21675:(1991).
21667:Preview.
21635:Preview.
21625:Preview.
21623:, 2003.
21612:Preview.
21602:Preview.
21592:Preview.
21582:Preview.
21565:(1999).
21557:Preview.
21535:Preview.
21523:Preview.
21501:Preview.
21470:Preview.
21465:40970472
21443:Preview.
21411:Preview.
21398:23489502
21371:Preview.
21336:Preview.
21320:Preview.
21315:23210240
21285:Preview.
21280:14103553
21272:40270762
21239:Preview.
21190:Preview.
21093:Preview.
21081:Preview.
21015:Preview.
21001:Preview.
20987:Preview.
20955:Preview.
20912:Preview.
20872:Preview.
20840:Preview.
20797:(2006).
20777:(2006).
20760:Preview.
20748:Preview.
20711:Preview.
20704:(1946).
20696:Preview.
20686:Preview.
20684:, 1956.
20667:Preview.
20644:Preview.
20642:, 1984.
20631:——, ed.
20617:Preview.
20595:Preview.
20570:Preview.
20560:, 1982,
20549:Preview.
20527:Preview.
20512:Preview.
20469:Preview.
20459:, 2006,
20451:Preview.
20439:Preview.
20427:Preview.
20402:Preview.
20380:Preview.
20363:(2013).
20355:Preview.
20345:, 2005,
20337:Preview.
20317:Preview.
20284:Preview.
20270:(1983).
20262:Preview.
20252:Preview.
20238:(1974).
20231:Preview.
20229:, 2002.
20218:Preview.
20196:Preview.
20174:Preview.
20149:Preview.
20132:(1971).
20124:Preview.
20114:, 1999,
20103:Preview.
20080:Preview.
20058:Preview.
20041:(2005).
20029:Preview.
20012:(1995).
20003:Preview.
19991:Preview.
19974:(1981).
19966:Preview.
19954:Preview.
19911:Preview.
19896:Preview.
19851:Preview.
19829:Preview.
19817:Preview.
19794:Preview.
19784:, 2008,
19774:Preview.
19752:Preview.
19735:(2011).
19727:Preview.
19705:Preview.
19683:Preview.
19661:Preview.
19644:(2003).
19636:Preview.
19619:(2014).
19611:Preview.
19586:Preview.
19569:(2016).
19554:(2007).
19546:Preview.
19534:Preview.
19527:(1939).
19472:(2015).
19456:22302394
19448:18831111
19398:Archived
19336:Archived
19292:Archived
19239:(2010).
18992:33281246
18772:: 1–17.
18770:Elsevier
18641:(eds.).
18560:(1981).
18534:Pantheon
18528:(1974).
18506:(1964).
18457:(2002).
18366:(2013).
18274:(1978).
18128:July 14,
18010:June 12,
17972:: 1–17.
17952:June 23,
17675:(2013).
17604:(2016).
17115:17112994
16748:March 9,
16567:(1979).
16401:(1978).
16296:(1822).
16272:(1835).
16222:March 9,
15914:(1971).
15855:(1974).
15671:Archived
15444:June 21,
15416:(1817).
15396:Garrison
15388:(1833).
15168:20025784
15116:25529636
15065:30283874
14866:11645888
14823:25824012
14781:Archived
14646:(2005).
14518:July 27,
14433:(2016).
14321:Berlin,
14308:Berlin,
14295:Berlin,
14282:Berlin,
14260:Berlin,
14210:Berlin,
14197:Berlin,
14099:Berlin,
14045:Archived
14018:Archived
13983:Archived
13701:freedmen
13357:July 13,
13322:July 13,
13284:March 1,
13211:cite web
13049:July 14,
13044:Andscape
12997:40027465
12931:, p. 87.
12918:, p. 81.
12905:, p. 78.
12800:July 28,
12669:(1993),
12586:(2006).
12481:June 23,
12318:Berlin,
12139:(1845).
12023:40399768
11946:30140388
11840:(1851).
11602:(1921).
11478:(1997).
11282:02004230
11270:(1853).
11238:33281246
11135:Newshour
11127:Archived
10832:June 25,
10170:Archived
10114:July 12,
10058:Archived
10038:, 2003.
10004:March 1,
9954:Archived
9549:See also
9335:472,494
9311:Virginia
9248:182,566
9219:275,719
9190:402,406
9045:331,059
8992:New York
8876:Nebraska
8871:114,931
8847:Missouri
8842:436,631
8760:Michigan
8702:Maryland
8668:331,726
8639:225,483
8615:Kentucky
8499:Illinois
8494:462,198
8383:Delaware
8320:111,115
8296:Arkansas
8291:435,080
7953:Total US
7950:Africans
7945:Africans
7940:Africans
7935:# Slaves
7895:Malagasy
7791:Mandinka
7749:Bamileke
7672:597,000
7656:124,000
7624:189,000
7479:Wanderer
6991:, 1864)
6859:Military
6799:Judicial
6633:Gag rule
6584:Economic
6382:Religion
6276:1976.25)
5771:, (1811)
5586:gag rule
5578:censured
5463:—
5408:Wanderer
4754:Virginia
4744:Oklahoma
4734:Nebraska
4729:Michigan
4724:Maryland
4704:Colorado
4680:by state
4461:Wocekiye
4399:Religion
4126:Yuma War
3705:Genocide
3573:Category
3396:Diaspora
3323:Missouri
3248:Kentucky
3175:Virginia
3145:Oklahoma
3130:New York
3125:Nebraska
3115:Maryland
3090:Illinois
3070:Arkansas
2909:Merikins
2854:Freedmen
2827:Mascogos
2627:Populism
2518:Politics
2413:Religion
2383:Stepping
2149:Lifeways
1985:Timeline
1952:a series
1950:Part of
1900:Iron bit
1890:40 acres
1853:breeding
1663:Freedman
1498:Religion
1358:Portugal
1243:Thailand
1233:Maldives
1228:Malaysia
1221:Kwalliso
1165:Booi Aha
1117:Restavek
1097:Colombia
1068:Trinidad
1058:Barbados
948:Zanzibar
896:Ethiopia
777:Saqaliba
671:Database
622:Saqaliba
383:Ancillae
213:a series
211:Part of
31796:Related
31665:Choctaw
31655:Catawba
31438:Rations
31383:Cavalry
31245:Removal
30873:efforts
30857:of 1873
30703:Stevens
30698:Stanton
30683:Lincoln
30642:Sherman
30577:Halleck
30567:Frémont
30552:Du Pont
30490:Mallory
30449:Wheeler
30384:Jackson
30364:Forrest
30304:Leaders
30247:Atlanta
30211:Vermont
30131:Montana
30071:Indiana
30046:Georgia
30041:Florida
30006:Arizona
29996:Alabama
29946:Atlanta
29861:Corinth
29813:battles
29757:Atlanta
29737:Bristoe
29638:Western
29633:Eastern
29538:Battles
29337:Slavery
29241:Origins
29227:Origins
29138:Georgia
29126:Florida
29121:Alabama
29013:Slavery
29004:Tobacco
28746:Ambundu
28594:Georgia
28534:History
28470:Kumbaya
28389:Boo Hag
28280:Conrack
28265:Culture
28131:Writers
28096:Singers
28081:Jurists
28029:Europe
27983:Liberia
27928:Houston
27832:Detroit
27768:Indiana
27761:Chicago
27744:Atlanta
27739:Georgia
27722:Florida
27690:Alabama
27640:English
27214:Leftism
27084:Museums
26635:Kwanzaa
26560:Culture
26528:Slavery
26231:History
26068:Related
25862:Beloved
25846:Kindred
25814:Jubilee
25806:Our Nig
24838:Harriet
24734:Related
24188:Plaçage
23754:History
23702:Wyoming
23677:Vermont
23582:Montana
23522:Indiana
23502:Georgia
23497:Florida
23467:Arizona
23457:Alabama
23248:, 1984.
23242:Madison
23230:, 2008.
23086:(ed.).
22656:(2000)
22614:Online.
22413:, ed.,
22342:, ed.,
22334:Preview
22197:247–271
22133:13–20.
22062:Preview
21981:, 2007.
21926:261–285
21366:1856595
21226:2713433
21041:, 2004.
20982:1922187
20942:2716327
20835:1904203
20799:Preview
20724:Preview
20658:Fire!!!
20266:—— and
19933:Preview
19885:, 2006.
19561:Preview
18983:7716878
18689:158–159
18258:1942954
17580:2123771
17463:2652029
17418:2123771
17348:157–158
17272:2123771
17224:2123771
16839:(2000),
16772:May 11,
16711:(2007).
16554:on 495.
16431:(2001).
16180:May 11,
15999:2211064
15769:May 15,
15741:May 15,
15529:May 25,
15524:2567914
15345:May 22,
15319:May 22,
15159:2812948
15107:4289685
15056:6167003
14858:2207450
14409:2714086
14338:, p. 2.
14183:May 27,
14084:Georgia
14072:Alabama
13726:June 3,
13697:Quakers
13201:June 8,
13183:1887236
13152:1185118
13056:seller.
12941:MADEO.
12645:2713676
12598:406–407
12411:2204556
12265:Esquire
12064:(1967).
11822:May 15,
11229:7716878
11097:Section
10362:. 1997
10176:July 4,
10139:4781472
9364:18,371
9361:20,428
9358:18,488
9355:17,673
9352:15,178
9349:10,836
9332:452,028
9329:431,873
9326:453,698
9323:411,886
9320:383,521
9317:339,499
9314:287,959
9282:Vermont
9216:239,459
9213:183,059
9210:141,603
9187:384,984
9184:327,038
9181:315,401
9178:251,783
9175:196,365
9172:146,151
9169:107,094
9042:288,548
9039:245,817
9036:245,601
9033:205,017
9030:168,824
9027:133,296
9024:100,783
8839:309,878
8836:195,211
8726:87,189
8717:102,994
8714:107,398
8711:111,502
8708:105,635
8705:103,036
8665:244,809
8662:168,452
8659:109,588
8636:210,981
8633:182,258
8630:165,213
8627:126,732
8528:Indiana
8491:381,682
8488:280,944
8485:217,531
8482:149,656
8479:105,218
8470:Georgia
8465:61,745
8441:Florida
8288:342,844
8285:253,532
8282:117,549
8267:Alabama
8244:893,308
8241:694,207
8180:May 13,
8172:Source:
8132:488,070
8109:434,495
8086:386,293
8063:319,599
8040:233,634
8017:186,446
7994:108,435
7991:893,602
7974:757,208
7968:697,681
7664:51,000
7648:79,000
7640:56,000
7632:63,000
7616:21,000
7499:, 1908)
7412:Belzoni
6819:Amistad
6115:Georgia
6042:
5931:, 1854)
5802:seizure
5800:Amistad
5751:Gabriel
5701:, 1926)
5580:in the
5401:Funded
5286:, 1840)
5045:in the
4788:artists
4709:Florida
4694:Arizona
4556:English
3915:Fashion
3885:Pow wow
3842:Culture
3710:Slavery
3644:History
3431:Liberia
3313:Georgia
3308:Florida
3238:Houston
3233:Detroit
3218:Chicago
3203:Atlanta
3095:Indiana
3085:Georgia
3080:Florida
3065:Alabama
2997:Tutnese
2876:Redbone
2602:Leftism
2303:Kwanzaa
2260:Studies
2212:Schools
2141:Culture
2070:Aspects
2015:Slavery
1977:Periods
1969:History
1878:Lincoln
1746:Related
1646:Liberia
1532:Judaism
1470:Tunisia
1445:Morocco
1435:Lebanon
1400:Bahrain
1395:Algeria
1363:Romania
1328:Denmark
1321:Slavery
1255:Vietnam
926:Somalia
916:Nigeria
891:Comoros
819:Pirates
728:Ghilman
661:Bristol
551:history
524:pirates
413:History
302:Peonage
225:slavery
183:Vermont
31839:Portal
31777:Tokens
30713:Welles
30693:Seward
30678:Hamlin
30647:Thomas
30582:Hooker
30547:Butler
30500:Seddon
30485:Hunter
30470:Bocock
30444:Taylor
30439:Stuart
30429:Semmes
30409:Morgan
30369:Gorgas
30349:Cooper
30240:Cities
30176:Oregon
30141:Nevada
30081:Kansas
30051:Hawaii
29951:Crater
29851:Shiloh
29811:Major
29797:Mobile
29667:Major
29541:States
29492:Caning
28989:Indigo
28972:Cotton
28826:Laalaa
28781:Kpelle
28399:Hoodoo
28315:(1991)
28307:(1989)
28299:(1984)
28291:(1982)
28283:(1974)
28259:topics
28143:Mayors
28061:Actors
28033:France
28025:Israel
28013:Mexico
27998:Canada
27973:Gambia
27968:Africa
27918:Austin
27883:Oregon
27822:Boston
27785:Kansas
27751:Hawaii
27669:Gullah
27479:Yoruba
27469:Gullah
27340:Sports
27258:groups
27088:Women
26625:Hoodoo
26499:(1896)
26425:Second
26401:(1857)
26346:(1956)
26293:(1954)
26182:(2008)
26174:(2002)
26166:(1867)
26158:(2008)
26150:(1931)
26142:(1847)
26134:(1783)
26060:(2008)
26052:(2003)
26033:(2022)
26025:(1859)
26017:(1858)
25998:(1853)
25980:Essays
25972:(2006)
25964:(1965)
25956:(1951)
25937:(2016)
25929:(2007)
25921:(2006)
25913:(2003)
25905:(2002)
25897:(2001)
25889:(1996)
25881:(1993)
25873:(1990)
25865:(1987)
25857:(1986)
25849:(1979)
25841:(1977)
25833:(1976)
25825:(1967)
25817:(1966)
25809:(1859)
25801:(1856)
25771:(1853)
25768:Clotel
25763:(1852)
25755:(1852)
25747:(1841)
25739:(1688)
25718:(2018)
25710:(1972)
25702:(1956)
25686:(1901)
25678:(1881)
25670:(1872)
25662:(1861)
25654:(1855)
25646:(1853)
25638:(1849)
25630:(1845)
25622:(1839)
25614:(1816)
25606:(1789)
25355:–1901)
25351:(1815
25273:(1834)
25155:Canada
25080:Europe
24937:Africa
24692:Quilts
24641:Topics
24633:(1865)
24627:(1859)
24621:(1856)
24615:(1858)
24609:(1857)
24595:(1854)
24581:(1851)
24575:(1851)
24569:(1849)
24563:(1847)
24557:(1848)
24539:Events
24513:houses
24500:Places
24343:People
24037:(1808)
23855:Health
23746:Topics
23637:Oregon
23592:Nevada
23532:Kansas
23507:Hawaii
23462:Alaska
23450:States
23167:
23146:
23113:
23068:
23045:
23009:
22986:
22963:
22941:
22920:
22831:
22801:online
22758:
22748:online
22713:
22690:
22630:
22598:
22569:
22547:
22512:
22483:
22452:
22363:
22313:
22291:
22256:
22227:
22195:
22184:
22180:
22166:
22152:
22131:
22104:
22090:
22053:
22021:83–110
22019:
21993:
21965:
21951:9–12.
21949:
21939:online
21935:
21924:
21902:
21875:
21861:
21795:Videos
21683:
21658:
21573:
21548:
21514:
21492:
21463:
21438:845555
21436:
21404:
21396:
21364:
21313:
21278:
21270:
21232:
21224:
21181:
21158:online
21132:
21111:
21072:
21022:Videos
21009:
20997:
20980:
20948:
20940:
20892:
20867:844116
20865:
20833:
20785:
20739:
20624:, ed.
20608:
20586:
20564:
20540:
20486:
20463:
20418:
20393:
20371:
20349:
20331:
20308:
20294:online
20278:
20246:
20209:
20187:
20165:
20140:
20118:
20093:
20071:
20049:
20020:
19982:
19948:
19924:
19866:
19842:
19811:
19788:
19765:
19743:
19718:
19696:
19674:
19652:
19627:
19602:
19577:
19454:
19446:
19375:
19249:
19190:
19142:SFGATE
19079:
19071:
19028:
18990:
18980:
18972:
18909:
18873:
18840:
18807:
18695:
18657:
18616:
18578:
18540:
18488:
18431:
18332:
18290:
18256:
18214:
18094:
18059:
18051:
18003:
17925:
17894:
17886:
17855:
17847:
17812:
17804:
17769:
17761:
17718:
17687:
17652:
17618:
17586:
17578:
17560:
17497:
17461:
17424:
17416:
17398:
17354:
17315:
17278:
17270:
17230:
17222:
17154:
17113:
17105:
17066:
17058:
17040:
16993:
16934:
16881:
16873:
16691:
16577:
16477:
16411:
16198:, 448.
16176:. 2003
16152:
16125:
16075:
16050:
15997:
15989:
15952:
15882:
15808:
15692:
15622:
15597:
15555:
15522:
15476:
15368:
15340:Medium
15285:
15242:
15217:
15189:
15166:
15156:
15114:
15104:
15063:
15053:
14960:
14864:
14856:
14821:
14758:
14735:
14654:
14618:
14511:
14459:
14451:
14441:
14415:
14407:
14399:
14244:
14240:–269.
14216:
14130:
14078:, and
13896:
13861:
13801:
13776:
13751:
13722:. 1830
13636:
13592:
13567:
13517:
13490:
13463:
13436:
13409:
13382:
13275:
13242:
13181:
13150:
13118:
13076:
13018:
12995:
12987:
12887:
12879:
12744:
12683:
12651:
12643:
12604:
12530:
12504:
12448:
12409:
12379:(1933)
12292:
12246:
12168:
12084:
12021:
11944:
11909:
11685:
11656:
11648:
11578:
11492:
11432:
11331:
11296:
11288:
11280:
11236:
11226:
11218:
11179:
11171:
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9346:7,172
9343:4,668
9245:58,161
9207:80,107
9204:44,535
9201:13,584
9079:Oregon
9004:10,088
9001:15,017
8998:20,613
8995:21,193
8972:10,851
8969:12,422
8966:11,423
8905:Nevada
8868:87,422
8865:58,240
8862:25,096
8859:10,222
8833:65,659
8830:32,814
8827:14,523
8723:90,368
8720:89,737
8656:69,064
8653:34,660
8624:80,561
8621:40,343
8618:12,430
8586:Kansas
8476:59,699
8473:29,264
8462:39,310
8459:25,717
8456:15,501
8436:3,185
8407:1,798
8317:47,100
8314:19,935
8279:41,879
8207:Census
7971:59,527
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7487:US$ 50
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5266:, and
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4962:; and
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4898:; and
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4793:actors
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4714:Hawaii
4689:Alaska
4474:Groups
3925:Health
3465:Racism
3426:Israel
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3411:Canada
3406:Africa
3213:Boston
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3015:Gullah
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1430:Kuwait
1425:Jordan
1378:Sweden
1368:Russia
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1011:partus
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202:(1769)
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31582:Dixie
31569:Music
31188:Union
31032:Post-
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30096:Maine
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28786:Limba
28776:Kongo
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28685:Sahel
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28044:Lists
28008:Haiti
27978:Ghana
27913:Texas
27849:Omaha
27127:Islam
26660:Names
26650:Music
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22092:17–55
21863:54–60
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21230:S2CID
21222:JSTOR
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17767:S2CID
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13823:(PDF)
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12407:JSTOR
12119:(PDF)
12019:JSTOR
11942:JSTOR
11654:S2CID
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11385:(PDF)
11177:S2CID
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9719:Notes
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8978:2,254
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8824:2,995
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7943:Total
7891:Macua
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7826:13.1
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7799:Wolof
7780:15.8
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3268:Omaha
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2178:Music
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1826:songs
1821:films
1734:]
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28831:Ndut
28801:Susu
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22450:ISBN
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22311:ISBN
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22186:1–45
22051:ISBN
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