Ancient Greek art - Knowledge

3609: 2673: 2256: 4095: 4048: 760: 3366: 4127: 4150: 3425: 928: 994: 1028: 1627: 1512: 1040: 978: 1151: 4192: 2611:

Greeks themselves, and reflected their belief that the styles descended from the Dorian and Ionian Greeks of the Dark Ages, but this is unlikely to be true. The Doric was the earliest, probably first appearing in stone in the earlier 7th century, having developed (though perhaps not very directly) from predecessors in wood. It was used in mainland Greece and the Greek colonies in Italy. The Ionic style was first used in the cities of Ionia (now the west coast of Turkey) and some of the Aegean islands, probably beginning in the 6th century. The Doric style was more formal and austere, the Ionic more relaxed and decorative. The more ornate Corinthian order was a later development of the Ionic, initially apparently only used inside buildings, and using Ionic forms for everything except the capitals. The famous and well-preserved

2989: 1811: 4450: 3485: 2709: 3541: 638: 3980: 944: 2153: 585: 3344: 3453: 1747: 4012: 20: 607: 2557: 4071: 3397: 4441: 2754: 1770: 1535: 2970: 4308: 680: 740: 3840: 2226: 1835: 2206: 566: 2389: 904: 966: 50: 2405: 2689: 1382: 711: 3509: 1006: 1056: 3826: 1860: 2374: 4555: 312: 1456: 1724: 2657: 399: 1493: 2925: 1405: 3718: 308:(water jars), libation bowls, oil and perfume bottles for the toilet, jugs and cups. Painted vessels for serving and eating food are much less common. Painted pottery was affordable even by ordinary people, and a piece "decently decorated with about five or six figures cost about two or three days' wages". Miniatures were also produced in large numbers, mainly for use as offerings at temples. In the Hellenistic period a wider range of pottery was produced, but most of it is of little artistic importance. 2362: 3083: 1789: 212: 3794: 5500: 1431: 3028: 1287:(664–610 BC), and were exposed to the monumental art of these countries. It is generally agreed that "Egyptian statuary of the 2nd millennium BC gave the decisive impulse for the innovation of Greek sculpture in life-size and in hyper formats in the Archaic Period during the late 7th century." Free-standing figures share the solidity and frontal stance characteristic of Eastern models, but their forms are more dynamic than those of Egyptian sculpture, as for example the 14095: 10977: 4525: 3326: 3074:

then flowered and developed at the time that vase-painting went into decline. By the end of the Hellenistic period, technical developments included modelling to indicate contours in forms, shadows, foreshortening, some probably imprecise form of perspective, interior and landscape backgrounds, and the use of changing colours to suggest distance in landscapes, so that "Greek artists had all the technical devices needed for fully illusionistic painting".

2784:

although some were expensively designed by leading goldsmiths, especially outside Greece itself, among the Central Asian kingdoms and in Sicilian cities keen to promote themselves. Nevertheless, the durability and abundance of coins have made them one of the most important sources of knowledge about Greek aesthetics. Greek coins are the only art form from the ancient Greek world which can still be bought and owned by private collectors of modest means.

2430: 276: 10987: 3608: 1244: 3540: 3219: 3742:". The paint was frequently limited to parts depicting clothing, hair, and so on, with the skin left in the natural color of the stone or bronze, but it could also cover sculptures in their totality; female skin in marble tended to be uncoloured, while male skin might be a light brown. The painting of Greek sculpture should not merely be seen as an enhancement of their sculpted form, but has the characteristics of a distinct style of art. 10997: 2446: 3017: 2951: 2315:, from one of several centres of production, are mass-manufactured using moulds, and then painted after firing. Dolls, figures of fashionably-dressed ladies and of actors, some of these probably portraits, were among the new subjects, depicted with a refined style. These were cheap, and initially displayed in the home much like modern ornamental figurines, but were quite often buried with their owners. At the same time, cities like 1571: 77: 831:. Armour and "shield-bands" are two of the contexts for strips of Archaic low relief scenes, which were also attached to various objects in wood; the band on the Vix Krater is a large example. Polished bronze mirrors, initially with decorated backs and kore handles, were another common item; the later "folding mirror" type had hinged cover pieces, often decorated with a relief scene, typically erotic. Coins are described below. 3639: 2181: 2734: 2575:, of which Greece has an abundance, and which was cut into large blocks and dressed. This was supplemented by columns, at least on the entrance front, and often on all sides. Other buildings were more flexible in plan, and even the wealthiest houses seem to have lacked much external ornament. Marble was an expensive building material in Greece: high quality marble came only from Mt Pentelus in 4401:, in a form that made great use of religious art, versions of this vocabulary were taken with it and used to surround images of buddhas and other religious images, often with a size and emphasis that would have seemed excessive to the ancient Greeks. The vocabulary was absorbed into the ornament of India, China, Persia and other Asian countries, as well as developing further in 4667:, Greece itself could only be reached by a very few western Europeans until the mid-18th century. Not only the Greek vases found in the Etruscan cemeteries, but also (more controversially) the Greek temples of Paestum were taken to be Etruscan, or otherwise Italic, until the late 18th century and beyond, a misconception prolonged by Italian nationalist sentiment. 1272:, to about 1100 BC, had already shown an unusual focus on the human figure, usually shown in a straightforward frontal standing position with arms folded across the stomach. Among the smaller features only noses, sometimes eyes, and female breasts were carved, though the figures were apparently usually painted and may have originally looked very different. 3365: 4149: 3484: 3424: 1106:), or standing clothed female figure, was also common, but since Greek society did not permit the public display of female nudity until the 4th century BC, the kore is considered to be of less importance in the development of sculpture. By the end of the period architectural sculpture on temples was becoming important. 1134:, II) said "we admire the work of art but despise the maker of it"; this was a common view in the ancient world. Ancient Greek sculpture is categorised by the usual stylistic periods of "Archaic", "Classical" and "Hellenistic", augmented with some extra ones mainly applying to sculpture, such as the Orientalizing 4094: 4492:

Although glass was made in Cyprus by the 9th century BC, and was considerably developed by the end of the period, there are only a few survivals of glasswork from before the Greco-Roman period that show the artistic quality of the best work. Most survivals are small perfume bottles, in fancy coloured

4238:

Round or oval Greek gems (along with similar objects in bone and ivory) are found from the 8th and 7th centuries BC, usually with animals in energetic geometric poses, often with a border marked by dots or a rim. Early examples are mostly in softer stones. Gems of the 6th century are more often oval,

3784:

of Greek painting. The techniques involved, however, were very different from those used in large-format painting. The same probably applies to the subject matter depicted. Vase painters appear to have usually been specialists within a pottery workshop, neither painters in other media nor potters. It

3053:

was a literary form consisting of a description of a work of art, and we have a considerable body of literature on Greek painting and painters, with further additions in Latin, though none of the treatises by artists that are mentioned have survived. We have hardly any of the most prestigious sort of

2152: 2134:

court sculpture, which generally avoided mixing Egyptian styles with its fairly conventional Hellenistic style, while temples in the rest of the country continued using late versions of traditional Egyptian formulae. Scholars have proposed an "Alexandrian style" in Hellenistic sculpture, but there is

1911:

In the view of some art historians, it also declined in quality and originality. This, however, is a judgement which artists and art-lovers of the time would not have shared. Indeed, many sculptures previously considered as classical masterpieces are now recognised as being Hellenistic. The technical

779:

Fine metalwork was an important art in ancient Greece, but later production is very poorly represented by survivals, most of which come from the edges of the Greek world or beyond, from as far as France or Russia. Vessels and jewellery were produced to high standards, and exported far afield. Objects

267:

painting, the other colour forming the background in each case. Other colours were very limited, normally to small areas of white and larger ones of a different purplish-red. Within the restrictions of these techniques and other strong conventions, vase-painters achieved remarkable results, combining

6317:

Rhyton. The upper section of the luxury vessel used for drinking wines is wrought from silver plate with gilded edge with embossed ivy branch. The lower part goes in the cast Protoma horse. The work of the Greek master, probably for Thracian aristocrat. Perhaps Thrace, the end of the 4th century BC.

4262:

Relief carving became common in 5th century BC Greece, and gradually most of the spectacular carved gems were in relief. Generally a relief image is more impressive than an intaglio one; in the earlier form the recipient of a document saw this in the impressed sealing wax, while in the later reliefs

3061:

The contrast with vase-painting is total. There are no mentions of that in literature at all, but over 100,000 surviving examples, giving many individual painters a respectable surviving oeuvre. Our idea of what the best Greek painting was like must be drawn from a careful consideration of parallels

2552:

around the edges of the Greek world, especially in Anatolia. Private houses were built around a courtyard where funds allowed, and showed blank walls to the street. They sometimes had a second story, but very rarely basements. They were usually built of rubble at best, and relatively little is known

1939:

During this period sculpture became more naturalistic, and also expressive; the interest in depicting extremes of emotion being sometimes pushed to extremes. Genre subjects of common people, women, children, animals and domestic scenes became acceptable subjects for sculpture, which was commissioned

202:

The survival rate of Greek art differs starkly between media. We have huge quantities of pottery and coins, much stone sculpture, though even more Roman copies, and a few large bronze sculptures. Almost entirely missing are painting, fine metal vessels, and anything in perishable materials including

4322:

The synthesis in the Archaic period of the native repertoire of simple geometric motifs with imported, mostly plant-based, motifs from further east created a sizeable vocabulary of ornament, which artists and craftsmen used with confidence and fluency. Today this vocabulary is seen above all in the

4270:

in necklaces and the like, rather than used as seals – later ones are sometimes rather large to use to seal letters. However, inscriptions are usually still in reverse ("mirror-writing") so they only read correctly on impressions (or by viewing from behind with transparent stones). This aspect also

1305:

Three types of figures were used—the standing nude youth (kouros), the standing draped girl (kore) and, less frequently, the seated woman. All emphasize and generalize the essential features of the human figure and show an increasingly accurate comprehension of human anatomy. The youths were either

377:

Greek pottery is frequently signed, sometimes by the potter or the master of the pottery, but only occasionally by the painter. Hundreds of painters are, however, identifiable by their artistic personalities: where their signatures have not survived they are named for their subject choices, as "the

4698:

the leading figure. This literature generally assumed that vase-painting represented the development of an independent medium, only in general terms drawing from stylistic development in other artistic media. This assumption has been increasingly challenged in recent decades, and some scholars now

4685:

The full disentangling of Greek statues from their later Roman copies, and a better understanding of the balance between Greekness and Roman-ness in Greco-Roman art was to take much longer, and perhaps still continues. Greek art, especially sculpture, continued to enjoy an enormous reputation, and

3141:

Due to the perishable nature of the materials used and the major upheavals at the end of antiquity, not one of the famous works of Greek panel painting has survived. We have slightly more significant survivals of mural compositions. The most important surviving Greek examples from before the Roman

3073:

There were several interconnected traditions of painting in ancient Greece. Due to their technical differences, they underwent somewhat differentiated developments. Early painting seems to have developed along similar lines to vase-painting, heavily reliant on outline and flat areas of colour, but

292:

filled with olive oil, and pieces made specifically to be left in graves; some perfume bottles have a money-saving bottom just below the mouth, so a small quantity makes them appear full. In recent decades many scholars have questioned this, seeing much more production than was formerly thought as

2500:

was known from the 5th century at the latest, but hardly any use was made of these techniques until the Roman period. Wood was only used for ceilings and roof timbers in prestigious stone buildings. The use of large terracotta roof tiles, only held in place by grooving, meant that roofs needed to

838:

is among the sculptors known to have practiced it. Hellenistic taste encouraged highly intricate displays of technical virtuousity, tending to "cleverness, whimsy, or excessive elegance". Many or most Greek pottery shapes were taken from shapes first used in metal, and in recent decades there has

6053:

Apollo wearing a laurel or myrtle wreath, a white peplos and a red himation and sandals, seating on a lion-pawed diphros; he holds a kithara in his left hand and pours a libation with his right hand. Facing him, a black bird identified as a pigeon, a jackdaw, a crow (which may allude to his love

4588:

Ancient Greek art has exercised considerable influence on the culture of many countries all over the world, above all in its treatment of the human figure. In the West Greek architecture was also hugely influential, and in both East and West the influence of Greek decoration can be traced to the

2610:

only appearing in the Classical period, and not becoming dominant until the Roman period. The most obvious features of the three orders are the capitals of the columns, but there are significant differences in other points of design and decoration between the orders. These names were used by the

2110:

or Neo-Classical style is seen by different scholars as either a reaction to baroque excesses, returning to a version of Classical style, or as a continuation of the traditional style for cult statues. Workshops in the style became mainly producers of copies for the Roman market, which preferred

1125:

Unlike authors, those who practiced the visual arts, including sculpture, initially had a low social status in ancient Greece, though increasingly leading sculptors might become famous and rather wealthy, and often signed their work (often on the plinth, which typically became separated from the

1117:

and sanctuaries (as is frequently shown by inscriptions on the statues), or as markers for graves. Statues in the Archaic period were not all intended to represent specific individuals. They were depictions of an ideal—beauty, piety, honor or sacrifice. These were always depictions of young men,

4250:

The forms are sophisticated for the period, despite the usually small size of the gems. In the 5th century gems became somewhat larger, but still only 2–3 centimetres tall. Despite this, very fine detail is shown, including the eyelashes on one male head, perhaps a portrait. Four gems signed by

2783:

in the 7th century BC, but they were first extensively used by the Greeks, and the Greeks set the canon of coin design which has been followed ever since. Coin design today still recognisably follows patterns descended from ancient Greece. The Greeks did not see coin design as a major art form,

2001:

required statues depicting the gods and heroes of Greece for their temples and public places. This made sculpture, like pottery, an industry, with the consequent standardisation and some lowering of quality. For these reasons many more Hellenistic statues have survived than is the case with the

2350:

technique and can be considered the initial stage in the development of Greek bronze sculpture. The most common motifs during the Geometric period were horses and deer, but dogs, cattle and other animals are also depicted. Human figures occur occasionally. The production of small metal votives

1669:

Funeral statuary evolved during this period from the rigid and impersonal kouros of the Archaic period to the highly personal family groups of the Classical period. These monuments are commonly found in the suburbs of Athens, which in ancient times were cemeteries on the outskirts of the city.

242:

By convention, finely painted vessels of all shapes are called "vases", and there are over 100,000 significantly complete surviving pieces, giving (with the inscriptions that many carry) unparalleled insights into many aspects of Greek life. Sculptural or architectural pottery, also very often

4659:

for the sculpture and painting of pre-Hellenistic artists may be based on earlier Greek writings rather than much personal knowledge. Pliny and other classical authors were known in the Renaissance, and this assumption of Greek superiority was again generally accepted. However, critics in the

3693:

Painting was also used to enhance the visual aspects of architecture. Certain parts of the superstructure of Greek temples were habitually painted since the Archaic period. Such architectural polychromy could take the form of bright colours directly applied to the stone (evidenced e.g. on the

2469:, nothing remains of them except a few ground-plans, and there are almost no written sources on early architecture or descriptions of buildings. Most of our knowledge of Greek architecture comes from the surviving buildings of the Late Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic and Roman periods (since 97:

stands out among that of other ancient cultures for its development of naturalistic but idealized depictions of the human body, in which largely nude male figures were generally the focus of innovation. The rate of stylistic development between about 750 and 300 BC was remarkable by ancient

3953:. Mosaics such as the "Stag Hunt Mosaic and Lion Hunt" mosaic demonstrate illusionist and three dimensional qualities generally found in Hellenistic paintings, although the rustic Macedonian pursuit of hunting is markedly more pronounced than other themes. The 2nd-century-BC mosaics of 4682:("History of Ancient Art", 1764) were the first to distinguish sharply between ancient Greek, Etruscan, and Roman art, and define periods within Greek art, tracing a trajectory from growth to maturity and then imitation or decadence that continues to have influence to the present day. 199:, enable historians to locate the origins even of works of art found far from their place of origin. Greek art of various kinds was widely exported. The whole period saw a generally steady increase in prosperity and trading links within the Greek world and with neighbouring cultures. 194:

In reality, there was no sharp transition from one period to another. Forms of art developed at different speeds in different parts of the Greek world, and as in any age some artists worked in more innovative styles than others. Strong local traditions, and the requirements of local

3269:

Wall paintings are frequently described in Pausanias, and many appear to have been produced in the Classical and Hellenistic periods. Due to the lack of architecture surviving intact, not many are preserved. The most notable examples are a monumental Archaic 7th-century BC scene of

373:

The range of colours which could be used on pots was restricted by the technology of firing: black, white, red, and yellow were the most common. In the three earlier periods, the pots were left their natural light colour, and were decorated with slip that turned black in the kiln.

892:

Jewellery for the Greek market is often of superb quality, with one unusual form being intricate and very delicate gold wreaths imitating plant-forms, worn on the head. These were probably rarely, if ever, worn in life, but were given as votives and worn in death. Many of the

4378:. Originally used prominently on Archaic vases, as figurative painting developed these were usually relegated to serve as borders demarcating edges of the vase or different zones of decoration. Greek architecture was notable for developing sophisticated conventions for using 4047: 3753:

have recently been demonstrated to have been painted with bold and elaborate patterns, depicting, amongst other details, patterned clothing. The polychromy of stone statues was paralleled by the use of different materials to distinguish skin, clothing and other details in

1670:

Although some of them depict "ideal" types—the mourning mother, the dutiful son—they increasingly depicted real people, typically showing the departed taking his dignified leave from his family. They are among the most intimate and affecting remains of the ancient Greeks.

4508:. It was evidently often very elegant, as were the styles derived from it from the 18th century onwards. Some pieces of carved ivory that were used as inlays have survived, as at Vergina, and a few ivory carvings; this was a luxury art that could be of very fine quality. 2630:, next to the Parthenon, however, is Ionic. The Ionic order became dominant in the Hellenistic period, since its more decorative style suited the aesthetic of the period better than the more restrained Doric. Some of the best surviving Hellenistic buildings, such as the 1073:

The Greeks decided very early on that the human form was the most important subject for artistic endeavour. Seeing their gods as having human form, there was little distinction between the sacred and the secular in art—the human body was both secular and sacred. A male

1534: 2889:

The most artistically ambitious coins, designed by goldsmiths or gem-engravers, were often from the edges of the Greek world, from new colonies in the early period and new kingdoms later, as a form of marketing their "brands" in modern terms. Of the larger cities,

2885:

and elsewhere. On the reverse of their coins the Greek cities often put a symbol of the city: an owl for Athens, a dolphin for Syracuse and so on. The placing of inscriptions on coins also began in Greek times. All these customs were later continued by the Romans.

4126: 637: 2672: 512:, invented in about 530 BC, reversed this tradition, with the pots being painted black and the figures painted in red. Red-figure vases slowly replaced the black-figure style. Sometimes larger vessels were engraved as well as painted. Erotic themes, both 369:

that they were first collected in the 18th century as "Etruscan vases". Many of these pots are mass-produced products of low quality. In fact, by the 5th century BC, pottery had become an industry and pottery painting ceased to be an important art form.

258:

The famous and distinctive style of Greek vase-painting with figures depicted with strong outlines, with thin lines within the outlines, reached its peak from about 600 to 350 BC, and divides into the two main styles, almost reversals of each other, of

6945:"A rare silver fraction recently identified as a coin of Themistocles from Magnesia even has a bearded portrait of the great man, making it by far the earliest datable portrait coin. Other early portraits can be seen on the coins of Lycian dynasts." 1193:, or gold-and-ivory, statues were the cult-images in temples and were regarded as the highest form of sculpture, but only some fragmentary pieces have survived. They were normally over-lifesize, built around a wooden frame, with thin carved slabs of 1614:

for an example of the transition to more naturalistic sculpture), and the technical skill of Greek sculptors in depicting the human form in a variety of poses greatly increased. From about 500 BC statues began to depict real people. The statues of

3396: 2038:

The multi-figure group of statues was a Hellenistic innovation, probably of the 3rd century, taking the epic battles of earlier temple pediment reliefs off their walls, and placing them as life-size groups of statues. Their style is often called

1511: 993: 869:, were keen consumers of Greek metalwork, and probably served by Greek goldsmiths settled in their territories, who adapted their products to suit local taste and functions. Such hybrid pieces form a large part of survivals, including the 780:

in silver, at the time worth more relative to gold than it is in modern times, were often inscribed by the maker with their weight, as they were treated largely as stores of value, and likely to be sold or re-melted before very long.

4011: 927: 2464:

period (about 1200 BC) until the 7th century, when urban life and prosperity recovered to a point where public building could be undertaken. Since most Greek buildings in the Archaic and Early Classical periods were made of wood or

2902:

coins are considered the finest examples of Greek coins with large portraits with "a nice blend of realism and idealization", including the largest coins to be minted in the Hellenistic world: the largest gold coin was minted by

3452: 469:

periods, Greek pottery was decorated with abstract designs, in the former usually elegant and large, with plenty of unpainted space, but in the Geometric often densely covering most of the surface, as in the large pots by the

3785:

should also be kept in mind that vase painting, albeit by far the most conspicuous surviving source on ancient Greek painting, was not held in the highest regard in antiquity, and is never mentioned in Classical literature.

2035:(late 1st century BC). All these statues depict Classical themes, but their treatment is far more sensuous and emotional than the austere taste of the Classical period would have allowed or its technical skills permitted. 1708:

and executed by Phidias or under his direction, and are now lost, although smaller copies (in other materials) and good descriptions of both still exist. Their size and magnificence prompted emperors to seize them in the

287:

Conventionally, the ancient Greeks are said to have made most pottery vessels for everyday use, not for display. Exceptions are the large Archaic monumental vases made as grave-markers, trophies won at games, such as the

783:

During the Geometric and Archaic phases, the production of large metal vessels was an important expression of Greek creativity, and an important stage in the development of bronzeworking techniques, such as casting and

2303:

often contain "bell idols", female statuettes with mobile legs: the head, small compared to the remainder of the body, is perched at the end of a long neck, while the body is very full, in the shape of a bell. Archaic

804:. These had a shallow bowl with two handles raised high on three legs; in later versions the stand and bowl were different pieces. During the Orientalising period, such tripods were frequently decorated with figural 679: 3979: 3321:

are descendants of the Greek tradition, and some copy particular famous panel paintings. These Roman copies are all loose adaptations, however, with extra figures added, poses altered, and colouring changed.

4511:

It is clear from vase paintings that the Greeks often wore elaborately patterned clothes, and skill at weaving was the mark of the respectable woman. Two luxurious pieces of cloth survive, from the tomb of

4298:

imitations with portraits suggest that gem-type cameos were made in this period. The conquests of Alexander had opened up new trade routes to the Greek world and increased the range of gemstones available.

2255: 1235:, executed around 470 BC. In this case, the terracotta is painted. There were undoubtedly sculptures purely in wood, which may have been very important in early periods, but effectively none have survived. 2504:

Until Hellenistic times only public buildings were built using the formal stone style; these included above all temples, and the smaller treasury buildings which often accompanied them, and were built at

191:(336 BC to 323 BC) is taken as separating the Classical from the Hellenistic periods. From some point in the 1st century BC onwards "Greco-Roman" is used, or more local terms for the Eastern Greek world. 4385:

Even before the Classical period, this vocabulary had influenced Celtic art, and the expansion of the Greek world after Alexander, and the export of Greek objects still further afield, exposed much of

3049:

The Greeks seem to have valued painting above even sculpture, and by the Hellenistic period the informed appreciation and even the practice of painting were components in a gentlemanly education. The

1769: 1027: 337:

In earlier periods even quite small Greek cities produced pottery for their own locale. These varied widely in style and standards. Distinctive pottery that ranks as art was produced on some of the

4423:

of the 14th century received new influences from China, including the descendants of the Greek vocabulary. From the Renaissance onwards, several of these Asian styles were represented on textiles,

3508: 1170:

or other high-quality limestones was used most frequently and carved by hand with metal tools. Stone sculptures could be free-standing fully carved in the round (statues), or only partially carved

3130:. We know the names of many famous painters, mainly of the Classical and Hellenistic periods, from literature (see expandable list to the right). The most famous of all ancient Greek painters was 1908:

represented a syncretism between Greek art and the visual expression of Buddhism. Thus Greek art became more diverse and more influenced by the cultures of the peoples drawn into the Greek orbit.

977: 1810: 606: 1223:

Terracotta was occasionally employed, for large statuary. Few examples of this survived, at least partially due to the fragility of such statues. The best known exception to this is a statue of

857:, 1.63 m (5 ft 4 in) high and over 200 kg (440 lb) in weight, holding some 1,100 litres, and found in the burial of a Celtic woman in modern France, and the 4th-century 7154:"Antoine Chrysostôme Quatremère de Quincy (1755-1849) and the Rediscovery of Polychromy in Grecian Architecture: Colour Techniques and Archaeological Research in the Pages of "Olympian Zeus."" 6054:

affair with Coronis) or a raven (a mantic bird). Tondo of an Attic white-ground kylix attributed to the Pistoxenos Painter (or the Berlin Painter, or Onesimos). Diam. 18 cm (7.1 in)

2299:

Clay is a material frequently used for the making of votive statuettes or idols, even before the Minoan civilization and continuing until the Roman period. During the 8th century BC tombs in

102:. There were important innovations in painting, which have to be essentially reconstructed due to the lack of original survivals of quality, other than the distinct field of painted pottery. 4070: 839:

been an increasing view that much of the finest vase-painting reused designs by silversmiths for vessels with engraving and sections plated in a different metal, working from drawn designs.

3870:

which gave more colour and a flat surface. They were popular in the Hellenistic period, at first as decoration for the floors of palaces, but eventually for private homes. Often a central

1318:). More of the musculature and skeletal structure is visible in this statue than in earlier works. The standing, draped girls have a wide range of expression, as in the sculptures in the 943: 1746: 2481:, the most common major buildings to survive. Here the squared blocks of stone used for walls were useful for later buildings, and so often all that survives are parts of columns and 3685:

is created from the combining of two Greek words, it was not used in ancient Greece. The term was coined in the early nineteenth century by Antoine Chrysostôme Quatremère de Quincy.

489:

and lion respectively) were adapted from the Near East, accompanied by decorative motifs, such as the lotus and palmette. These were shown much larger than the previous figures. The

4323:

large corpus of painted pottery, as well as in architectural remains, but it would have originally been used in a wide range of media, as a later version of it is used in European

759: 1455: 1039: 710: 2327:

produced an abundance of grotesque figurines, representing individuals with deformed members, eyes bulging and contorting themselves. Such figurines were also made from bronze.

1946:

is an example. Realistic portraits of men and women of all ages were produced, and sculptors no longer felt obliged to depict people as ideals of beauty or physical perfection.

897:

wear them. Some pieces, especially in the Hellenistic period, are large enough to offer scope for figures, as did the Scythian taste for relatively substantial pieces in gold.

1662:. The difficult aesthetic and technical challenge stimulated much in the way of sculptural innovation. These works survive only in fragments, the most famous of which are the 584: 2988: 2708: 739: 1302:. This expression, which has no specific appropriateness to the person or situation depicted, may have been a device to give the figures a distinctive human characteristic. 4639:

which began in the mid-18th century, coinciding with easier access from Western Europe to Greece itself, and a renewed importation of Greek originals, most notoriously the

3343: 3058:, that this literature was concerned with, and very few of the copies that undoubtedly existed, equivalent to those which give us most of our knowledge of Greek sculpture. 175:. The Geometric age is usually dated from about 1000 BC, although in reality little is known about art in Greece during the preceding 200 years, traditionally known as the 2225: 4655:

The Hellenized Roman upper classes of the Late Republic and Early Empire generally accepted Greek superiority in the arts without many quibbles, though the praise of

13937: 5283: 2404: 2308:

tombs, for local heroes, might receive large numbers of crudely-shaped figurines, with rudimentary figuration, generally representing characters with raised arms.

1113:

merely for artistic display. Statues were commissioned either by aristocratic individuals or by the state, and used for public memorials, as offerings to temples,

1122:

were all stylistically similar. Graduations in the social stature of the person commissioning the statue were indicated by size rather than artistic innovations.

357:, came to dominate. Their pottery was exported all over the Greek world, driving out the local varieties. Pots from Corinth and Athens are found as far afield as 2969: 1965:, had been often depicted in earlier vase painting and figurines, but rarely in full-size sculpture. Now such works were made, surviving in copies including the 2656: 1283:, during the Archaic period the Greeks began again to carve in stone: Greek mercenaries and merchants were active abroad, as in Egypt in the service of Pharaoh 478:

figures of humans and animals, especially horses. These often represent funeral processions, or battles, presumably representing those fought by the deceased.

2924: 5197: 4699:

see it as a secondary medium, largely representing cheap copies of now lost metalwork, and much of it made, not for ordinary use, but to deposit in burials.

2809:

tetradrachm, both silver. These both kept the same familiar design for long periods. Greek designers began the practice of putting a profile portrait on the

12562: 1834: 1626: 128:. The social context of Greek art included radical political developments and a great increase in prosperity; the equally impressive Greek achievements in 35: 4061: 1086:

had only slight differences in treatment to one of that year's Olympic boxing champion. In the Archaic Period the most important sculptural form was the

1723: 2688: 1005: 11524: 4694:

developed an enormous literature in the late 19th and 20th centuries, much based on the identification of the hands of individual artists, with Sir

4243:

back (in the past this type was called a "scarabaeus"), and human or divine figures as well as animals; the scarab form was apparently adopted from

5466: 4690:

in the late 19th century. During this period, the actual known corpus of Greek art, and to a lesser extent architecture, has greatly expanded. The

1150: 2205: 247:, and also survive in large quantities. In much of the literature, "pottery" means only painted vessels, or "vases". Pottery was the main form of 11033: 8124: 6658: 1404: 4608:'s conquests initiated several centuries of exchange between Greek, Central Asian and Indian cultures, which was greatly aided by the spread of 4223:, whose design only appears when rolled over damp clay, from which the flat ring type developed, spread to the Minoan world, including parts of 2918:–90 BC). The portraits "show a degree of individuality never matched by the often bland depictions of their royal contemporaries further West". 1220:

hairstyles. Most sculpture was painted (see below), and much wore real jewellery and had inlaid eyes and other elements in different materials.

1185:

Bronze statues were of higher status, but have survived in far smaller numbers, due to the reusability of metals. They were usually made in the

508:

during the early 7th century BC and was introduced into Attica about a generation later; it flourished until the end of the 6th century BC. The

5713: 13439: 1788: 903: 5881: 2047:

are the nearest original survivals, but several well known works are believed to be Roman copies of Hellenistic originals. These include the

1381: 12891: 4635:

aesthetic and the high technical standards of Greek art inspired generations of European artists, with a major revival in the movement of

12925: 4191: 3659:

Much of the figural or architectural sculpture of ancient Greece was painted colourfully. This aspect of Greek stonework is described as

2355:, also became common. High quality examples were keenly collected by wealthy Greeks, and later Romans, but relatively few have survived. 2351:

continued throughout Greek antiquity. In the Classical and Hellenistic periods, more elaborate bronze statuettes, closely connected with

8094: 13432: 9724: 3878:, where a house showed examples of the variety of foods guests might expect to enjoy, provide most of the surviving specimens of Greek 1492: 965: 3290:, which are sometimes suggested to be closely linked to the high-quality panel paintings mentioned above. The unusual survival of the 2571:

Temples and some other buildings such as the treasuries at Delphi were planned as either a cube or, more often, a rectangle made from

2518: 2092: 1330: 6241:

Sowder, Amy. "Ancient Greek Bronze Vessels", in Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–.

4405:. The Romans took over the vocabulary more or less in its entirety, and although much altered, it can be traced throughout European 2553:

about them; at least for males, much of life was spent outside them. A few palaces from the Hellenistic period have been excavated.

2388: 2180: 5915: 3678:= colour). Due to intensive weathering, polychromy on sculpture and architecture has substantially or totally faded in most cases. 2373: 2311:

By the Hellenistic period most terracotta figurines have lost their religious nature, and represent characters from everyday life.

1315: 5965:

Athena wearing the aegis, detail from a scene representing Heracles and Iolaos escorted by Athena, Apollo and Hermes. Belly of an

2877:

began to put the heads of real people on coins in the 4th century BC, as did the Hellenistic successors of Alexander the Great in

565: 4691: 4271:

partly explains the collecting of impressions in plaster or wax from gems, which may be easier to appreciate than the original.

13714: 12249: 11683: 5680: 3946: 2232: 1802: 1780: 1738: 1616: 1587: 4263:

it was the owner of the seal who kept it for himself, probably marking the emergence of gems meant to be collected or worn as

3177:

and the surrounding area, as well as in Rome itself, some of which are thought to be copies of specific earlier masterpieces.

1322:. Their drapery is carved and painted with the delicacy and meticulousness common in the details of sculpture of this period. 12652: 11734: 11450: 7569: 7331: 7210: 6453: 4449: 7201: 11294: 9112: 5459: 1880:

The transition from the Classical to the Hellenistic period occurred during the 4th century BC. Following the conquests of

1430: 3294:(3rd-century BC, excavated in 1971) with painting in good condition includes portraits of the couple buried inside on the 1298:–580 BC, both in the Louvre, Paris). After about 575 BC, figures, such as these, both male and female, wore the so-called 187:(480 BC to 448 BC), is usually taken as the dividing line between the Archaic and the Classical periods, and the reign of 108:, technically very simple, established a harmonious style with numerous detailed conventions that were largely adopted by 12032: 12015: 11416: 11026: 8117: 3027: 2950: 536: 13001: 11361: 3776:

The most copious evidence of ancient Greek painting survives in the form of vase paintings. These are described in the "

13069: 11920: 9734: 9424: 9117: 9051: 6145: 5706: 3621:

on a marble tombstone depicting the portrait of a young man named Theodoros, dated 1st century BC during the period of

2787:

The most widespread coins, used far beyond their native territories and copied and forged by others, were the Athenian

2146:. The combined effect of earthquakes and looting have destroyed this as well as other very large works of this period. 834:

From the late Archaic the best metalworking kept pace with stylistic developments in sculpture and the other arts, and

11389: 5981: 13148: 13143: 11988: 11479: 9122: 9097: 7921: 7884: 7870: 7821: 7802: 7763: 7711: 7606: 7307: 7298:

Palagia, Olga (2000). "Hephaestion's Pyre and the Royal Hunt of Alexander". In Bosworth, A.B.; Baynham, E.J. (eds.).

6958: 6525: 6390: 5874: 2460:

Architecture (meaning buildings executed to an aesthetically considered design) ceased in Greece from the end of the

1551: 881:, and several Scythian burials, which probably contained work by Greek artists based in the Greek settlements on the 8072: 4516:. There are numerous references to decorative hangings for both homes and temples, but none of these have survived. 1118:

ranging in age from adolescence to early maturity, even when placed on the graves of (presumably) elderly citizens.

11406: 10931: 9680: 9107: 9102: 1610:. The Classical period saw changes in the style and function of sculpture. Poses became more naturalistic (see the 1159: 523:

By about 320 BC fine figurative vase-painting had ceased in Athens and other Greek centres, with the polychromatic

12154: 3502:, with food arranged on nearby tables, a male servant in attendance, and female musicians providing entertainment. 3188:. There is a large group of much later Greco-Roman archaeological survivals from the dry conditions of Egypt, the 1646:

At the same time sculpture and statues were put to wider uses. The great temples of the Classical era such as the

203:

wood. The stone shell of a number of temples and theatres has survived, but little of their extensive decoration.

13574: 13047: 11338: 11254: 9574: 9434: 9429: 8706: 8038: 5452: 3626: 2714: 2612: 4389:

to it, including the regions in the north of the Indian subcontinent where Buddhism was expanding, and creating

13327: 12876: 12735: 12499: 11519: 11355: 11064: 11019: 10958: 9599: 9013: 8110: 7907: 7856: 7842: 7788: 7749: 7728: 7696: 7682: 7668: 7642: 7038: 6425:"Ashmawy, Aiman, Simon Connor, and Dietrich Raue 2019. Psamtik I in Heliopolis. Egyptian Archaeology 55, 34-39" 3495: 3287: 3040: 2424: 2346:, where thousands of such objects, mostly depicting animals, have been found. They are usually produced in the 6232:

Rasmussen, xiii. However, since the metal vessels have not survived, "this attitude does not get us very far".

3882:. In general mosaic must be considered as a secondary medium copying painting, often very directly, as in the 1602:

In the Classical period there was a revolution in Greek statuary, usually associated with the introduction of

12416: 12169: 10953: 10510: 10003: 9519: 9439: 9137: 8847: 8062: 7652: 5910: 5699: 4371: 3911: 3266:. It is not clear, whether there is any continuity between these antecedents and later Greek wall paintings. 2174:, now considered a portrait of a Roman general, made by a Greek artist working in Rome in the 2nd century BC. 1306:

sepulchral or votive statues. Examples are Apollo (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York), an early work; the

842:

Exceptional survivals of what may have been a relatively common class of large bronze vessels are two volute

820: 7123: 4504:

No Greek furniture has survived, but there are many images of it on vases and memorial reliefs, for example

2813:

of coins. This was initially a symbolic portrait of the patron god or goddess of the city issuing the coin:

2361: 13798: 13170: 13011: 12839: 11644: 11556: 11529: 10926: 9455: 8909: 5867: 3070:

and fresco, some very late examples of actual painting in the Greek tradition, and the ancient literature.

2679: 2188: 2126:, marking a combination of Egyptian and Hellenistic forms beginning around the time of Egypt's conquest by 2007: 1913: 1484: 1262: 671: 598: 4415:, where ornament largely replaces figuration, developed the Byzantine plant scroll into the full, endless 3961:

as representing the pinnacle of Hellenistic mosaic art, with similar styles that continued throughout the

2122:

include a 4th-century BC, unusually sensual, detailed and feministic (as opposed to deified) depiction of

13459: 13160: 11826: 9981: 9589: 9465: 9127: 9081: 9036: 8812: 8501: 8052: 5652: 4382:

and other architectural ornamental elements, which used these motifs in a harmoniously integrated whole.

3938: 3771: 3375: 1932:, and other cities, where the new monarchies were lavish patrons. By the 2nd century the rising power of 237: 13113: 10520: 7153: 3758:, and by the use of different metals to depict lips, fingernails, etc. on high-quality bronzes like the 2342:

Figurines made of metal, primarily bronze, are an extremely common find at early Greek sanctuaries like

1685:

made the female nude respectable for the first time in the Late Classical period (mid-4th century): his

14119: 13756: 13372: 13195: 12569: 12183: 12159: 11712: 11671: 11384: 10642: 10515: 9648: 9643: 9619: 9529: 9046: 8144: 7741: 5900: 5629: 5578: 4671: 4624:, among artists who were no doubt completely unaware of the origin of the motifs and styles they used. 4548: 3755: 3278:), and the elaborate frescoes from the 4th-century "Grave of Phillipp" and the "Tomb of Persephone" at 3122:; we have descriptions of many compositions. They were collected and often displayed in public spaces. 2522: 2470: 2250: 2064: 1701: 1319: 1155: 12107: 6892: 19: 12955: 12834: 12790: 12198: 11841: 11809: 11707: 11193: 11000: 10943: 9899: 9702: 9687: 9609: 9544: 8864: 8759: 8233: 8167: 5989: 5675: 5583: 5233: 4919: 4783: 4427:

and other goods imported into Europe, and influenced ornament there, a process that still continues.

3777: 3698:, or of elaborate patterns, frequently architectural members made of terracotta (Archaic examples at 2043:", with extravagantly contorted body poses, and intense expressions in the faces. The reliefs on the 1697: 231: 168: 9511: 9491: 8689: 8347: 1936:

had also absorbed much of the Greek tradition—and an increasing proportion of its products as well.

485:

in the late 8th century, when a few animals, many either mythical or not native to Greece (like the

13719: 13702: 13357: 13200: 13185: 12996: 12866: 12740: 12532: 12487: 12448: 12389: 12360: 11760: 11126: 11101: 11011: 9697: 9660: 9594: 9260: 9147: 5798: 5535: 4870: 4818: 3919: 3567: 1350: 133: 129: 66: 12896: 12856: 4597:

were largely and directly derived from Greek models, and Greek objects and influence reached into

14129: 13880: 13217: 13057: 12812: 12421: 12367: 11971: 11814: 11729: 11656: 11595: 10980: 10104: 9904: 9889: 9692: 9675: 9655: 9624: 9524: 9460: 9076: 9061: 9031: 8992: 8869: 8721: 8223: 7660: 7619: 7598: 7353: 5588: 5483: 5363: 5066: 5024: 4957: 4440: 3515: 3295: 2860: 2584: 2556: 1985: 1651: 1068: 99: 12989: 12807: 12299: 4307: 3706:). Sometimes, the terracottas also depicted figural scenes, as do the 7th-century BC terracotta 2212: 2080: 2031: 1216:

statues used stone for the flesh parts, and wood for the rest, and marble statues sometimes had

1166:

Surviving ancient Greek sculptures were mostly made of two types of material. Stone, especially

497:. Human figures were not so influenced from the East, but also became larger and more detailed. 139:

The earliest art by Greeks is generally excluded from "ancient Greek art", and instead known as

14098: 13991: 13639: 13589: 13549: 13512: 13412: 13052: 12372: 12350: 12210: 10938: 9941: 9712: 9670: 9604: 9569: 9021: 9005: 8701: 8642: 8491: 8486: 7348: 7133:(230). University of Pennsylvania Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations: 15–16. 5920: 5836: 5685: 5156: 4793: 3599: 3571: 3212: 3123: 3099: 2766: 870: 716: 474:, who worked around 750. He and other potters around his time began to introduce very stylised 315: 293:

made to be placed in graves, as a cheaper substitute for metalware in both Greece and Etruria.

269: 179:. The 7th century BC witnessed the slow development of the Archaic style as exemplified by the 6517:

The Invention of Art History in Ancient Greece: Religion, Society and Artistic Rationalisation

6443: 3173:

tombs are based on Greek styles. In the Roman period, there are a number of wall paintings in

2587:, not structurally, except in the very grandest buildings of the Classical period such as the 861:, 90.5 cm (35.6 in) high. The elites of other neighbours of the Greeks, such as the 13629: 13604: 13569: 13539: 13505: 13427: 13205: 13180: 12795: 12674: 12579: 11138: 11060: 10990: 10219: 10209: 10199: 10184: 9874: 9614: 9584: 9539: 9534: 9165: 9132: 8934: 8839: 8825: 8481: 8352: 8316: 7754:

Hardiman, Craig I., (2010). "Classical Art to 221 BC", In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian,

7559: 6515: 5411: 5248: 4505: 3874:

picture in a central panel was completed in much finer work than the surrounding decoration.

3707: 3471: 3291: 3189: 3166: 2753: 2728: 2542: 660: 349:. By the later Archaic and early Classical period, however, the two great commercial powers, 12057: 7825: 3809:

due to the date of the mosaic along with the depicted upsweep of his centrally-parted hair (

1349:. Parts, all now in local museums, survive of the large triangular pediment groups from the 889:

has produced objects of top quality from the cusp of the Classical and Hellenistic periods.

296:

Most surviving pottery consists of vessels for storing, serving or drinking liquids such as

13751: 13332: 13101: 13006: 12800: 12730: 12646: 12520: 12323: 12149: 11949: 11639: 11474: 11379: 11313: 11244: 11163: 11153: 11143: 10462: 10456: 10442: 9926: 9884: 9856: 9741: 9554: 8784: 8580: 5748: 5624: 5545: 5310: 5011: 4986: 4944: 4914: 4899: 4686:

studying and copying it was a large part of the training of artists, until the downfall of

4632: 4483: 4379: 4291: 4282:, which are rare in intaglio form, seem to have reached Greece around the 3rd century; the 4101: 3563: 2994: 2623: 2478: 2449: 2352: 2103: 1989:

reflect related themes. At the same time, the new Hellenistic cities springing up all over

1611: 1365: 1228: 1209: 1110: 894: 648: 501: 482: 289: 260: 216: 160: 31: 3839: 3138:

lauded as having "surpassed all the other painters who either preceded or succeeded him."

116:

that was shared with pottery, metalwork and other media, and had an enormous influence on

8: 13974: 13559: 13475: 13444: 13322: 13285: 13086: 12972: 12819: 12492: 12178: 12164: 11770: 11693: 11571: 11491: 11469: 10593: 10563: 9951: 9846: 9841: 9278: 8593: 8506: 8476: 8430: 8193: 8088: 7704:

Art in the Era of Alexander the Great: Paradigms of Manhood and Their Cultural Traditions

5348: 4644: 4605: 4494: 4351: 4017: 3806: 3591: 3301:

Greek wall painting tradition is also reflected in contemporary grave decorations in the

3244: 3036: 2937: 2838: 2699: 2616: 2127: 1881: 1757: 1686: 828: 556: 383: 272:

allowed more freedom in depiction, but did not wear well and was mostly made for burial.

188: 125: 14053: 13297: 11831: 8057: 4286:

is the only major surviving Hellenistic example (depending on the dates assigned to the

3958: 3180:

In particular copies of specific wall-paintings have been confidently identified in the

2619:(335/334) is the first known use of the Corinthian order on the exterior of a building. 504:, with added red and white details and incising for outlines and details, originated in 14124: 14016: 13624: 13564: 13307: 13229: 13165: 12979: 12940: 12783: 12684: 12611: 12438: 12225: 12000: 11874: 11804: 11666: 11661: 11438: 11203: 11168: 10810: 10707: 10613: 10257: 10174: 10062: 9564: 9388: 8904: 8884: 8741: 8612: 8496: 8291: 8218: 7733: 7716: 6550: 6308:

Boardman, 131–132; Williams, 188–189 for an example made for the Iberian Celtic market.

5743: 5601: 4894: 4823: 4739: 4613: 4536: 4528: 4476: 4390: 3618: 3197: 3107: 2159: 2139: 2138:

Hellenistic sculpture was also marked by an increase in scale, which culminated in the

1905: 1603: 1135: 793: 509: 462: 280: 264: 109: 105: 49: 14074: 13255: 12935: 3906: 1673:

In the Classical period for the first time we know the names of individual sculptors.

1055: 13744: 13697: 13667: 13527: 13397: 13312: 13302: 12967: 12950: 12824: 12443: 12406: 12377: 12330: 12193: 12139: 12129: 12119: 12010: 11688: 11600: 11590: 11577: 11566: 11229: 11158: 11089: 10986: 10885: 10472: 10021: 9869: 9821: 9665: 9579: 9496: 9373: 9245: 9066: 8899: 8852: 8792: 8666: 8648: 8624: 8606: 8561: 8516: 8511: 8162: 7917: 7880: 7866: 7852: 7838: 7817: 7798: 7784: 7759: 7745: 7724: 7707: 7692: 7678: 7664: 7602: 7565: 7327: 7303: 7206: 7134: 6954: 6521: 6449: 6386: 6141: 5540: 5320: 5204: 5126: 4936: 4540: 4513: 4498: 4459: 4275: 4240: 4235:

culture, and reached an apogee of subtlety and refinement in the Hellenistic period.

4171: 4140: 4132: 4002: 3950: 3894: 3833: 3711: 3615: 3439: 3387: 3371: 3310: 3226: 3154: 2845: 2631: 2561: 2143: 2131: 1980: 1575: 1499: 1465: 1338: 1307: 1247: 1095: 878: 532: 62: 11981: 11401: 7361:

give a summary art history of the Greek and Roman tradition, and of Roman collecting

6242: 999:

4th century BC Greek gold and bronze rhyton with head of Dionysus, Tamoikin Art Fund

847: 163:. The art of ancient Greece is usually divided stylistically into four periods: the 14080: 14026: 13984: 13687: 13480: 13118: 13025: 12903: 12616: 12599: 12557: 12552: 12547: 12465: 12411: 12134: 12079: 11976: 11944: 11915: 11794: 11787: 11782: 11755: 11617: 11612: 11289: 11050: 10815: 10347: 10312: 10129: 9986: 9864: 9751: 9746: 9071: 9026: 8857: 8764: 8380: 8213: 8198: 8188: 6727: 5670: 5568: 5238: 5209: 4850: 4554: 4420: 4367: 4343: 4081: 3927: 3923: 3883: 3852: 3825: 3798: 3746: 3722: 3653: 3648: 3555: 3443: 3431: 3403: 3379: 3248: 3185: 3181: 2998: 2895: 2607: 2461: 2410: 2312: 2292: 2288: 2280: 2268: 2114:

Discoveries made since the end of the 19th century surrounding the (now submerged)

1912:

ability of Hellenistic sculptors is clearly in evidence in such major works as the

1859: 1840: 1825: 1710: 1705: 1696:

The most famous works of the Classical period for contemporaries were the colossal

1447: 1422: 1190: 1099: 1060: 527:

a final flourish; it was probably replaced by metalwork for most of its functions.

379: 311: 156: 140: 13808: 4601:

north of the Alps, as well as all around the Mediterranean world and into Persia.

1201:, probably over wood, representing the garments, armour, hair, and other details. 827:

were made of bronze, sometimes decorated in precious metal, as in the 3rd-century

398: 14001: 13858: 13833: 13783: 13707: 13532: 13522: 13417: 13402: 13382: 13265: 13175: 13138: 13123: 12871: 12778: 12720: 12542: 12537: 12294: 12263: 12215: 11905: 11836: 11821: 11649: 11627: 11548: 11496: 11486: 11458: 11411: 11394: 11318: 11259: 11249: 11188: 10830: 10588: 10376: 10189: 9931: 9797: 9729: 9056: 8654: 8636: 8630: 8544: 8521: 8395: 8306: 8266: 8203: 7646: 7389: 7358: 6948: 5985: 5850: 5593: 5141: 5121: 5054: 4813: 4798: 4756: 4724: 4656: 4375: 4279: 3931: 3699: 3595: 3587: 3547: 3349: 3135: 3095: 2908: 2874: 2830: 2595: 2530: 2489: 2380: 2343: 2284: 2276: 2163: 1970: 1897: 1854: 1690: 1595: 1288: 1232: 1205: 918: 874: 789: 528: 490: 417:

The history of ancient Greek pottery is divided stylistically into five periods:

326: 196: 176: 172: 11885: 10855: 10568: 8077: 5784: 3738:

Most Greek sculptures were painted in strong and bright colors; this is called "

3717: 2622:

Most of the best known surviving Greek buildings, such as the Parthenon and the

14063: 14031: 13979: 13927: 13910: 13900: 13828: 13490: 13367: 13337: 13234: 13222: 13096: 13030: 12962: 12829: 12725: 12428: 12124: 12064: 12005: 11869: 11799: 11506: 11428: 11345: 11198: 10712: 10652: 10647: 10603: 10384: 10332: 10322: 10302: 10292: 10036: 10031: 10026: 8879: 8678: 8672: 8660: 8460: 8435: 8208: 8133: 8007: 7830: 5895: 5530: 5438: 5418: 5305: 5226: 5039: 5029: 5019: 4860: 4855: 4744: 4710: 4664: 4486:

and carries a pedum (shepherd's crook). Ivory appliqué, probably for furniture.

3664: 3416: 3302: 3275: 3131: 3103: 2899: 2663: 2583:, and its transportation in large blocks was difficult. It was used mainly for 2217: 2044: 1966: 1942: 1917: 1714: 1518: 858: 824: 764: 613: 576: 572: 548: 471: 387: 113: 54: 13644: 11513: 3934:, although this word may be a reference to the abstract concept of knowledge. 3082: 14113: 13964: 13932: 13793: 13788: 13771: 13599: 13594: 13579: 13554: 13544: 13495: 13155: 13133: 13064: 12930: 12759: 12662: 12638: 12621: 12589: 12574: 12355: 12345: 12340: 12244: 11993: 11954: 11893: 11719: 11676: 11445: 11374: 11306: 11148: 11042: 10948: 10865: 10840: 10530: 10452: 10134: 10077: 9976: 9966: 9936: 9918: 9792: 8944: 8726: 8618: 8574: 8536: 8375: 8296: 8083: 7138: 5647: 5619: 5563: 5433: 5273: 5261: 5136: 5078: 5049: 5044: 4999: 4962: 4838: 4808: 4778: 4640: 4636: 4402: 4339: 4331: 4324: 4295: 4287: 4283: 4220: 4212: 3966: 3759: 3193: 2746: 2324: 2115: 2052: 2021: 1975: 1865: 1663: 1326: 1299: 466: 346: 211: 164: 13449: 12594: 12256: 5499: 3211:

are also derived from the encaustic panel painting tradition, and Byzantine

2541:

or monumental gateways. Round buildings for various functions were called a

1325:

Archaic reliefs have survived from many tombs, and from larger buildings at

14043: 13996: 13952: 13942: 13905: 13875: 13838: 13813: 13803: 13766: 13609: 13392: 13260: 12984: 12913: 12710: 12633: 12384: 12335: 12239: 12220: 12188: 12085: 12025: 12020: 11765: 11585: 11423: 11281: 11264: 11224: 11219: 11173: 11111: 10765: 10717: 10583: 10437: 10307: 9946: 9782: 9288: 9250: 8949: 7809: 7009:

Cook, 24, says over 1,000 vase-painters have been identified by their style

5978: 5905: 5827: 5817: 5812: 5520: 5423: 5406: 5396: 5373: 5278: 5268: 5243: 5146: 5111: 5096: 5091: 5071: 4969: 4734: 4695: 4687: 4590: 4578: 4406: 4394: 4363: 4335: 4215:

were among later collectors. The technique has an ancient tradition in the

4204: 4027: 3970: 3962: 3622: 3412: 3406: 3334: 3143: 3087: 3063: 2856: 2762: 2534: 2086: 1933: 1639: 1635: 1565: 1542: 1473: 1411: 1269: 1139: 723: 513: 226:. White, which has not worn well, and a different red-purple are also used. 184: 180: 148: 14038: 11899: 5428: 4347: 3965:

and perhaps laid the foundations for the widespread use of mosaics in the

3793: 3106:, individual, portable paintings on wood boards. The techniques used were 13959: 13922: 13863: 13739: 13734: 13729: 13677: 13672: 13614: 13517: 13454: 13407: 13347: 13317: 13239: 13081: 12919: 12908: 12881: 12851: 12715: 12689: 12606: 12527: 12515: 12470: 12460: 12455: 12433: 12394: 12230: 12205: 12090: 12052: 11959: 11927: 11879: 11607: 11535: 11328: 11269: 11183: 11121: 11081: 10785: 10677: 10657: 10485: 9993: 9971: 9961: 9956: 9879: 9836: 9383: 9293: 9283: 9170: 9160: 8924: 8301: 8276: 7769: 5779: 5758: 5753: 5729: 5401: 5378: 5368: 5358: 5295: 5163: 4979: 4952: 4929: 4924: 4909: 4904: 4828: 4788: 4729: 4660:

Renaissance and much later were unclear which works were actually Greek.

4628: 4412: 4178: 4174: 3875: 3818: 3330: 2979: 2933: 2788: 2738: 2695: 2603: 2599: 2509:

by many cities. Other building types, often not roofed, were the central

2434: 1901: 1893: 1730: 1436: 1280: 644: 524: 248: 112:

and are still followed in some modern buildings. It used a vocabulary of

10490: 6554: 2833:

and so on. Later, heads of heroes of Greek mythology were used, such as

1920:. New centres of Greek culture, particularly in sculpture, developed in 1212:

were used for detail such as eyes, jewellery, and weaponry. Other large

559:, now a frozen tradition, were the only large painted vases still made. 14006: 13818: 13778: 13724: 13692: 13584: 13422: 13377: 13270: 13076: 12886: 12754: 12475: 12277: 12069: 11910: 11698: 11464: 11369: 11333: 11323: 11301: 11116: 11106: 11094: 11046: 10722: 10692: 10687: 10672: 10558: 10525: 10194: 10164: 9831: 9559: 9393: 9235: 9230: 9220: 9205: 9190: 9180: 9155: 8531: 8286: 8241: 7561:

Italy's Lost Greece: Magna Graecia and the Making of Modern Archaeology

6541:

CAHN, HERBERT A.; GERIN, DOMINIQUE (1988). "Themistocles at Magnesia".

6290:

Boardman, 131, 187; Williams, 38–39, 134–135, 154–155, 180–181, 172–173

5822: 5807: 5789: 5774: 5525: 5514: 5315: 5214: 5175: 5151: 5106: 5101: 5086: 4994: 4974: 4803: 4749: 4598: 4524: 4117: 4113: 3998: 3994: 3990: 3879: 3814: 3813:); the figure on the left wielding a double-edged axe (associated with 3781: 3739: 3660: 3551: 3520: 3463: 3352: 3325: 3251: 3201: 3119: 2904: 2852: 2643: 2627: 2493: 2395: 2316: 2272: 2193: 2167: 2119: 2048: 2026: 1921: 1889: 1776: 1761: 1753: 1734: 1682: 1395: 1314:(British Museum, London), a much later work; and the Anavyssos Kouros ( 1213: 934: 540: 517: 475: 338: 244: 183:

style of vase painting. Around 500 BC, shortly before the onset of the

152: 144: 84: 2429: 2331: 1940:

by wealthy families for the adornment of their homes and gardens; the

275: 14068: 14058: 14021: 13853: 13843: 13823: 13649: 13619: 13352: 13275: 12694: 12480: 12317: 12074: 11775: 11724: 11622: 11433: 11239: 11210: 10697: 10623: 10608: 10578: 10573: 10505: 10429: 10414: 10399: 10342: 10242: 9894: 9826: 9398: 9378: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9303: 9298: 9268: 9215: 9175: 8954: 8820: 8774: 8754: 8385: 8256: 7691:, translated by Michel Roussel, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002 , 7649:– Extensive website on classical gems; page titles used as references 7455:

Rawson, throughout, but for quick reference: 23, 27, 32, 39–57, 75–77

5855: 5491: 5343: 5325: 5290: 5219: 5180: 5131: 5004: 4761: 4617: 4594: 4424: 4416: 4398: 4264: 4244: 4216: 3695: 3575: 3525: 3499: 3222: 3218: 3205: 3094:

The most common and respected form of art, according to authors like

3050: 2907:(reigned 171–145 BC), the largest silver coin by the Indo-Greek king 2588: 2572: 2538: 2526: 2474: 2260: 2107: 2060: 2012: 1821: 1678: 1647: 1594:. This masterpiece of classical sculpture was found by fishermen off 1284: 1243: 1198: 882: 866: 862: 539:

ended by about 300, and in the next century the relatively primitive

252: 87:, 4th-century BC wall painting in the small Macedonian royal tomb at 11041: 8026:

Epigraphy of Art: Ancient Greek Vase-Inscriptions and Vase-Paintings

7639: 6424: 3633: 3317:. Scholars believe that the celebrated Roman frescoes at sites like 2749:, after 449 BC. The most acceptable coin in the Mediterranean world. 2545:, and the largest stone structures were often defensive city walls. 2445: 1634:

of an individual European": Roman-era copy of a lost 470 BC bust of

1174:

still attached to a background plaque, for example in architectural

14048: 13969: 13917: 13848: 13761: 13682: 13634: 13500: 13485: 13342: 13280: 13212: 13106: 13091: 12765: 12679: 12669: 12657: 12401: 11864: 11561: 11501: 10747: 10737: 10727: 10702: 10480: 10447: 10409: 10352: 10267: 10252: 10109: 10099: 10016: 10011: 9408: 9403: 9363: 9358: 9333: 9313: 9240: 9195: 9185: 9041: 8939: 8874: 8802: 8410: 6442:

Smith, William Stevenson; Simpson, William Kelly (1 January 1998).

5300: 5190: 5185: 5170: 5034: 4609: 4581: 4566: 4562: 4544: 4532: 4470: 4359: 4232: 4105: 4077: 4031: 3922:

asserts that two different mosaic artists left their signatures on

3867: 3559: 3243:

The tradition of wall painting in Greece goes back at least to the

3170: 3115: 3016: 2975: 2941: 2834: 2639: 2549: 2466: 2347: 2171: 2098: 1998: 1950: 1929: 1798: 1659: 1631: 1579: 1570: 1346: 1186: 1127: 1083: 950: 937:, a late Archaic monumental bronze vessel, exported to French Celts 785: 768: 719: 652: 617: 330: 121: 76: 23: 10500: 7911: 4676:

Thoughts on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture

3638: 2873:

towards the end of the 5th century. Greek cities in Italy such as

2775:, the largest gold coin of antiquity. 169.2 grams, diameter 58 mm. 2473:

heavily used Greek styles), and from late written sources such as

1658:, and sculpture in the round to fill the triangular fields of the 13387: 13190: 13128: 12945: 12844: 12584: 12311: 12144: 11750: 11350: 11234: 10890: 10880: 10825: 10820: 10805: 10795: 10780: 10775: 10662: 10550: 10540: 10419: 10394: 10389: 10362: 10357: 10337: 10327: 10317: 10282: 10272: 10262: 10214: 10204: 10179: 10144: 10139: 10114: 9767: 9549: 9210: 9200: 8959: 8929: 8919: 8914: 8894: 8889: 8769: 8716: 8425: 8415: 8405: 8400: 8390: 8102: 7893: 5353: 5061: 4865: 4833: 4768: 4462: 4386: 4267: 4231:. The Greek tradition emerged under Minoan influence on mainland 3583: 3530: 3491: 3475: 3467: 3435: 3383: 3318: 3314: 3283: 3279: 3271: 3263: 3255: 3230: 3174: 3162: 3158: 3111: 2930: 2891: 2826: 2810: 2806: 2635: 2477:(1st century BC). This means that there is a strong bias towards 2438: 2300: 2072: 2040: 1962: 1925: 1674: 914: 910: 886: 835: 809: 805: 772: 686: 505: 362: 350: 297: 117: 88: 70: 12306: 10835: 10149: 8087: 7638:"Beazley" The Classical Art Research Centre, Oxford University. 2492:

system of construction was used, held in place only by gravity.

386:", or even by their modern locations, such as the Late Archaic " 14011: 13870: 13362: 13292: 12861: 12773: 12628: 11859: 10860: 10790: 10770: 10732: 10598: 10404: 10297: 10234: 10224: 10169: 9787: 9772: 9368: 9353: 9328: 9323: 9308: 8969: 8964: 8731: 8711: 8455: 8445: 8440: 8311: 8271: 8261: 8246: 7618:

See Rasmussen, "Adopting an Approach", by Martin Robertson and

5966: 4843: 4773: 4616:, which were then transmitted as part of a cultural package to 4558: 4355: 4228: 4224: 4208: 4196: 4160: 4156: 4109: 4053: 4035: 4022: 3986: 3941:

art, with a large number of examples preserved in the ruins of

3914:, Sosus is the only mosaic artist whose name has survived; his 3866:

were initially made with rounded pebbles, and later glass with

3863: 3848: 3844: 3750: 3726: 3703: 3643: 3579: 3259: 3215:

sometimes continued a Greek illusionistic style for centuries.

3127: 3067: 3055: 2960: 2956: 2848: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2758: 2742: 2576: 2565: 2506: 2482: 2453: 2320: 2305: 2264: 1958: 1874: 1817: 1794: 1655: 1620: 1591: 1547: 1521:, an important example of Late Archaic Greek marble sculpture, 1469: 1461: 1361: 1342: 1334: 1217: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1114: 1087: 1079: 1019: 984: 843: 813: 801: 797: 746: 694: 656: 621: 552: 486: 403: 354: 305: 301: 58: 27: 6090:

Boardman, 27; Cook, 34–38; Williams, 36, 40, 44; Woodford, 3–6

1775:

The Marathon Youth, 4th-century BC bronze statue, possibly by

885:. As with other luxury arts, the Macedonian royal cemetery at 12095: 10870: 10845: 10742: 10682: 10667: 10535: 10495: 10247: 10159: 10154: 10124: 10119: 10094: 9777: 9318: 9273: 9225: 8797: 8749: 8450: 8420: 8367: 8342: 8281: 8251: 5969:

black-figured hydria, Cabinet des Médailles, Paris, Inv. 254.

4621: 4570: 4479: 4466: 4256: 4252: 4085: 4057: 4039: 3954: 3942: 3856: 3802: 3459: 3356: 3306: 3208: 3114:. Such paintings normally depicted figural scenes, including 2882: 2878: 2870: 2780: 2733: 2647: 2580: 2510: 2197: 2068: 2016: 1994: 1990: 1954: 1885: 1870: 1623:

were said to be the first public monuments to actual people.

1311: 1276: 1194: 1179: 690: 544: 366: 358: 342: 80: 6383:

Chryselephantine Statuary in the Ancient Mediterranean World

4647:

derived from Greece dominated the art of the western world.

2413:

of fashionable lady, 32.5 cm (12.8 in), 330-300 BC

1606:

and the end of the aristocratic culture associated with the

382:", by the potter they worked for, such as the Late Archaic " 251:

deposited in tombs, often as "funerary urns" containing the

13947: 12749: 10875: 10850: 10800: 10287: 10277: 7122:

Christopoulos, Lucas (August 2012). Mair, Victor H. (ed.).

4612:, which early on picked up many Greek traits and motifs in 4574: 4311:

A typical variety of ornamental motifs on an Attic vase of

2514: 2497: 2123: 1583: 1224: 1075: 494: 6504:

Boardman, 92–103; Cook, 119–131; Woodford, 91–103, 110–133

2059:

and others, all believed to copy Pergamene commissions by

13938:

Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation

7124:"Hellenes and Romans in Ancient China (240 BC – 1398 AD)" 3402:

A stele of Dioskourides, dated 2nd century BC, showing a

2548:

Tombs were for most of the period only made as elaborate

7983:. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2012. 3910:

piece, known from many Greco-Roman copies. According to

3721:

Reconstructed colour scheme on a Trojan archer from the

3090:, the only surviving panel paintings from Archaic Greece 6567:

Boardman, 111–120; Cook, 128; Woodford, 91–103, 110–127

2898:

also issued consistently attractive coins. Some of the

7795:

National Museum : Illustrated Guide to the Museum

3918:

are also mentioned in literature and copied. However,

3780:" section above. They give at least some sense of the 3642:

Traces of paint depicting embroidered patterns on the

2005:

Some of the best known Hellenistic sculptures are the

1546:, or "Persian rubble", dating from the destruction of 124:

carried it beyond the expanded Greek world created by

7960:

Art and Identity In Dark Age Greece, 1100--700 B.C.E.

7939:

Hellenistic Art: From Alexander the Great to Augustus

6576:

Boardman, 135, 141; Cook, 128–129, 140; Woodford, 133

4501:

became cheaper and accessible to a wider population.

3578:, wielding a spear, and wearing what appears to be a 1654:

at Olympia, required relief sculpture for decorative

6013:

Cook, 27–28; Boardman, 26, 32, 108–109; Woodford, 12

4643:

from the Parthenon. Well into the 19th century, the

4330:

Elements in this vocabulary include the geometrical

2111:

copies of Classical rather than Hellenistic pieces.

7509:

Boardman, 349–353; Cook, 155–156; Williams, 236–248

6585:

Woodford, 128–134; Boardman, 136–139; Cook, 123–126

6205:

Karouzou, 114–118; Cook, 162–163; Boardman, 131–132

4062:

Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes

2142:(late 3rd century), which was the same size as the 1884:(336 BC to 323 BC), Greek culture spread as far as 1554:

offer a clear datation marker for Archaic statuary.

7951:Jenkins, Ian, Celeste Farge, and Victoria Turner. 7388:"Lenticular" or "lentoid" gems have the form of a 7347:, (The Lives of the Caesars, The Deified Julius), 6932: 6930: 6739:Williams, 182, 198–201; Boardman, 63–64; Smith, 86 3254:, with the lavish fresco decoration of sites like 2456:, well-preserved mature Doric, late 5th century BC 98:standards, and in surviving works is best seen in 7677:, University of California/British Museum, 1991, 4195:Apollonios of Athens, gold ring with portrait in 3634:Polychromy: painting on statuary and architecture 2844:The first human portraits on coins were those of 14111: 7401:Beazley, Later Archaic Greek gems: introduction. 7334:, image plates and captions between pp. 246-247. 7324:Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend 3745:For example, the pedimental sculptures from the 3161:, and various paintings from the royal tombs at 2869:, and continuing especially with the dynasts of 8338: 7976:. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983. 7626:(Ashmolean Handbooks) by Michael Vickers (1991) 7221: 7219: 6927: 6495:Boardman, 47–52; Cook, 104–108; Woodford, 27–37 6486:Boardman, 47–52; Cook, 104–108; Woodford, 38–56 6026:(Ashmolean Handbooks) by Michael Vickers (1991) 3937:Mosaics are a significant element of surviving 2106:, are other examples. From the 2nd century the 949:Fancy Early Classical bronze mirror with human 8021:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. 8004:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972. 7997:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. 7953:Defining Beauty: The Body In Ancient Greek Art 7706:, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010, 6991:Roger Ling, "Greece and the Hellenistic World" 6946: 3274:combat from inside a temple at Kalapodi (near 2135:in fact little to connect it with Alexandria. 1619:set up in Athens to mark the overthrow of the 1275:Inspired by the monumental stone sculpture of 11027: 8118: 8019:Classical Greece and the Birth of Western Art 7797:(NM of Athens), 1980, Ekdotike Athenon S.A., 7351:; for Pompey: Chapters 4–6 of Book 37 of the 7181:Woodford, 173–174; Cook, 75–76, 88, 93–94, 99 7177: 7175: 7121: 6000: 5998: 5875: 5707: 5460: 3374:paintings of armour, arms, and gear from the 2642:. But in the greatest of Hellenistic cities, 2441:, Italy, with much wider capitals than later. 2231:Late Hellenistic bronze of a mounted jockey, 2162:, a bronze statue originally thought to be a 697:, by Pamphaios (potter) and Oltos (painter), 8098:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 7967:Making Classical Art: Process & Practice 7962:Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. 7934:. Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, 2007. 7553: 7551: 7216: 6911: 6909: 6441: 3430:Fresco from the Tomb of Judgment in ancient 2855:, starting with the exiled Athenian general 1717:, where they were later destroyed in fires. 1598:in 1928. It is more than 2 m in height. 1109:As with pottery, the Greeks did not produce 7564:. Oxford University Press. pp. 49–66. 6847:Cook, 193–238 gives a comprehensive summary 6138:Red Figure Vases of South Italy: A Handbook 2634:, can be seen in Turkey, at cities such as 2330:For painted architectural terracottas, see 1843:Block VI at the Acropolis Museum in Athens. 1666:, half of which are in the British Museum. 1094:), the standing male nude (See for example 971:Golden wreath, 370–360, from southern Italy 846:, for mixing wine and water. These are the 745:Hellenistic relief bowl with the head of a 11034: 11020: 9004: 8125: 8111: 7941:. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum, 2004. 7835:Chinese Ornament: The Lotus and the Dragon 7172: 6520:. Cambridge University Press. p. 97. 5995: 5882: 5868: 5714: 5700: 5467: 5453: 4255:are the finest of the period, two showing 3859:, Greece, late 2nd or early 1st century BC 3411:soldier, a characteristic example of the " 3077: 1033:Gold hair ornament and net, 3rd century BC 792:, yielded many hundreds of tripod-bowl or 493:is a regional variant, very often showing 7916:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 7548: 7428:Beazley, "Hellenistic gems: introduction" 7379:Boardman, 39 See Beazley for more detail. 6906: 6540: 6445:The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt 3442:, Greece, depicting religious imagery of 3126:describes such exhibitions at Athens and 2093:Menelaus supporting the body of Patroclus 2029:(about 230 BC), and the monumental group 1331:National Archaeological Museum of Paestum 1291:and Torso of Hera (Early Archaic period, 788:hammering. Early sanctuaries, especially 8082: 7969:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Tempus, 2000. 7557: 7302:. Oxford University Press. p. 185. 7151: 6135: 5916:National Archaeological Museum of Athens 4553: 4523: 4350:, and from the plant world the stylized 4306: 4190: 3838: 3824: 3792: 3716: 3637: 3324: 3217: 3081: 2752: 2732: 2555: 2444: 2428: 2379:8th-century BC bronze votive horse from 2254: 1858: 1693:to be the greatest statue in the world. 1689:, which survives in copies, was said by 1625: 1569: 1337:panels, from about 550 and 510, and the 1316:National Archaeological Museum of Athens 1242: 1149: 1054: 987:for the Thracian market, end 4th century 758: 397: 310: 274: 210: 75: 48: 18: 7300:Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction 7297: 6418: 6416: 6318:NG Prague, Kinský Palace, NM-HM10 1407. 6169:Boardman, 150; Cook, 159; Williams, 178 4519: 4181:) as the personification of Alexandria. 2244: 2011:(2nd or 1st century BC), the statue of 1677:oversaw the design and building of the 1204:In some cases, glass paste, glass, and 1050: 612:Black-figure olpe (wine vessel) by the 481:The Geometric phase was followed by an 345:, and in the wealthy Greek colonies of 14112: 13715:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art 10058: 8002:Art and Experience In Classical Greece 7906: 7774:Neo-classicism. Style and Civilisation 6947:Carradice, Ian; Price, Martin (1988). 6513: 6448:. Yale University Press. p. 235. 6422: 4409:, especially in plant-based ornament. 3821:, one of Alexander's loyal companions. 3805:; the figure on the right is possibly 2496:was known in Mycenean Greece, and the 2488:For most of the period a strict stone 2233:National Archaeological Museum, Athens 1803:National Archaeological Museum, Athens 1781:National Archaeological Museum, Athens 1739:National Archaeological Museum, Athens 1197:representing the flesh, and sheets of 1156:terracotta statue of Zeus and Ganymede 535:, continued for over a century after. 36:belly amphora by the Andokides Painter 11735:Art of the late 16th century in Milan 11015: 10915: 10057: 9486: 8990: 8337: 8157: 8106: 7890:Greece: From Mycenae to the Parthenon 7837:, 1984, British Museum Publications, 4539:leaves, in Hellenistic style, inside 4207:was a luxury art with high prestige; 2963:with tortoise and stamp, after 404 BC 2666:, without much of the statuary shown. 10526:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus 8158: 7816:, 1991, Cambridge University Press, 7738:Mosaics of the Greek and Roman World 6413: 3498:, 4th century BC; six men are shown 2513:, often with one or more colonnaded 1888:, as revealed by the excavations of 1869:, discovered at the Greek island of 749:, 2nd century BC (?), British Museum 268:refinement and powerful expression. 7723:, Penguin, 1986 (reprint of 1972), 7657:The Oxford History of Classical Art 7036: 4680:Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums 4543:, 1st–2nd century AD, Buner, Swat, 4112:, middle 2nd century BC (reigns of 3930:perhaps also left his signature as 3926:. The artist of the 4th-century BC 3329:Reconstructed colour scheme of the 2982:. Silver coin from Heraclea Lucania 1145: 304:(bowls for mixing wine and water), 13: 13070:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism 11921:Neoclassical architecture in Milan 9487: 8132: 7948:. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2003. 7900: 6136:Trendall, Arthur D. (April 1989). 3582:headband; depicted above him is a 3142:period are the fairly low-quality 2779:Coins were (probably) invented in 2337: 2287:), 1st quarter of 4th century BC, 2075:, probably comprising two groups. 823:and often body armour such as the 14: 14141: 13144:American Figurative Expressionism 11480:International Gothic art in Italy 8032: 7974:Ancient Greek Art and Iconography 7849:Hellenistic Sculpture, a handbook 7758:, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010, 7595:Classical Art from Greece to Rome 6385:. Oxford University Press, 2001. 6140:. Thames and Hudson. p. 17. 4650: 3688: 2805:, and in the Hellenistic age the 2662:Model of the processional way at 1713:period, and both were removed to 1552:Second Persian invasion of Greece 1045:Late Hellenistic silver medallion 136:and other fields are well known. 14094: 14093: 12653:Neue Künstlervereinigung München 10995: 10985: 10976: 10975: 7990:. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999. 7756:A Companion to Ancient Macedonia 7612: 7587: 7578: 7539: 7530: 7521: 7512: 7503: 7494: 7485: 7476: 7467: 7458: 7449: 7440: 7431: 7422: 7413: 7404: 7395: 7382: 7373: 7364: 7337: 7316: 7291: 7282: 7273: 7264: 7255: 7246: 7237: 7228: 7193: 7184: 7163: 7145: 7115: 7106: 7103:Boardman, 338–340; Williams, 333 7097: 7088: 7079: 7070: 7057: 7030: 7021: 7012: 7003: 6994: 6985: 6784:Cook, 184–191; Boardman, 166–169 6594:Boardman, 119; Woodford, 128–130 6423:Connor, Simon (1 January 2019). 6299:Boardman, 148; Williams, 164–165 5498: 4448: 4439: 4186: 4148: 4125: 4093: 4069: 4046: 4010: 3978: 3765: 3607: 3539: 3507: 3494:scene from a Macedonian tomb of 3483: 3451: 3423: 3395: 3364: 3342: 3026: 3015: 2987: 2968: 2949: 2923: 2707: 2687: 2671: 2655: 2403: 2387: 2372: 2360: 2224: 2204: 2179: 2151: 2130:. However this was untypical of 1953:, a pastoral idyll populated by 1833: 1809: 1787: 1768: 1745: 1722: 1533: 1510: 1491: 1454: 1429: 1403: 1380: 1038: 1026: 1004: 992: 976: 964: 942: 926: 902: 738: 722:with a scene of mourning by the 709: 678: 636: 605: 583: 564: 255:ashes, and was widely exported. 13575:Tunisian collaborative painting 13048:International Typographic Style 10996: 7955:. London: British Museum, 2015. 6976: 6967: 6939: 6918: 6897: 6886: 6877: 6868: 6859: 6850: 6841: 6832: 6823: 6814: 6805: 6796: 6787: 6778: 6769: 6760: 6751: 6742: 6733: 6721: 6712: 6703: 6694: 6685: 6676: 6667: 6651: 6642: 6633: 6624: 6615: 6606: 6597: 6588: 6579: 6570: 6561: 6534: 6507: 6498: 6489: 6480: 6471: 6462: 6435: 6404: 6395: 6375: 6366: 6357: 6348: 6339: 6330: 6321: 6311: 6302: 6293: 6284: 6275: 6272:Boardman, 131–132, 150, 355–356 6266: 6257: 6248: 6235: 6226: 6217: 6208: 6199: 6190: 6181: 6172: 6163: 6154: 6129: 6120: 6111: 6102: 6093: 6084: 6075: 6066: 6057: 6047: 6038: 3627:Archaeological Museum of Thebes 3196:, and a small group of painted 3054:paintings, on wood panel or in 2715:Choragic Monument of Lysicrates 2613:Choragic Monument of Lysicrates 2579:and from a few islands such as 2418: 2259:Pottery vessel in the shape of 2055:, as well as a less well known 1333:) in Italy, with two groups of 816:and other fantastic creatures. 13328:The Caribbean Artists Movement 11178: 7865:, 2009, British Museum Press, 7776:1968 (reprinted 1977), Penguin 7345:De Vita Caesarum, Divus Iulius 7152:Sabatini, Paolo (2 May 2012). 6196:Boardman, 64–67; Karouzou, 102 6126:Boardman, 145–147; Cook, 56-57 6029: 6016: 6007: 5972: 5959: 5950: 5941: 5932: 4493:"feathered" styles similar to 4473:, dated to the 2nd century BC 4364:plant scrolls of various kinds 4177:(joint ruler with her husband 4034:(detail); late 4th-century BC 3832:, Roman copy of the mosaic by 3550:, a woollen wall hanging from 3496:Agios Athanasios, Thessaloniki 3288:Agios Athanasios, Thessaloniki 3041:Agios Athanasios, Thessaloniki 2722: 2425:Architecture of ancient Greece 1896:, and the civilization of the 1848: 1588:National Archaeological Museum 1142:of early Classical sculpture. 590:Corinthian orientalising jug, 531:, with decorative motifs on a 1: 11684:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance 8597: 8584: 8565: 8548: 8028:. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2016. 7863:Masterpieces of Classical Art 7851:, Thames & Hudson, 1991, 7632: 7370:Boardman, 39, 67–68, 187, 350 5911:List of ancient Greek temples 4430: 4312: 4164: 4163:), Egypt, signed by Sophilos 3904:) was an original and famous 3898: 3234: 3165:. More numerous paintings in 3147: 2912: 2863: 2799: 2792: 2769: 2485:that were harder to recycle. 1522: 1477: 1440: 1415: 1388: 1369: 1354: 1292: 1255: 1012: 954: 851: 727: 698: 664: 625: 591: 450:from the early 7th century BC 407: 319: 220: 39: 13799:Modern European ink painting 13171:Bay Area Figurative Movement 9725:Funeral and burial practices 8910:Military of Mycenaean Greece 8063:Resources in other libraries 7946:Geometric Greece: 900-700 BC 7913:Art and the Greek City State 7877:An Introduction To Greek Art 7675:Coins; Interpreting the Past 7065:A Companion to Greek Studies 6263:Boardman, 185–187; Cook, 163 6117:Woodford, 57–74; Cook, 52–57 4393:. As Buddhism spread across 3801:, late 4th century BC, from 3733: 3192:, together with the similar 2680:Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus 2239: 2189:Winged Victory of Samothrace 2008:Winged Victory of Samothrace 1914:Winged Victory of Samothrace 1704:in the Parthenon. Both were 1559: 1485:Delphi Archaeological Museum 1263:Delphi Archaeological Museum 754: 243:painted, are referred to as 7: 13460:Artificial intelligence art 8024:Yatromanolakis, Dimitrios. 7558:Ceserani, Giovanna (2012). 7199:See: Chugg, Andrew (2006). 6108:Woodford, 8–12; Cook, 42–51 4702: 4302: 4100:Detail of floor panel with 3997:depicting the abduction of 3772:Ancient Greek vase painting 3756:chryselephantine sculptures 3376:Tomb of Lyson and Kallikles 3006: 2650:, almost nothing survives. 2598:of Greek architecture, the 1752:So-called Venus Braschi by 1502:, 500–490, one of the last 1011:Fragment of a gold wreath, 537:Italian red-figure painting 238:Ancient Greek vase painting 10: 14146: 13373:Post-painterly abstraction 13196:Situationist International 12570:Pennsylvania Impressionism 9649:Greek Revival architecture 8991: 8073:Greek Art History Resource 7995:Art In the Hellenistic Age 7932:Introduction to Aegean Art 7781:Ancient History from Coins 7742:Cambridge University Press 7734:Dunbabin, Katherine, M. D. 7243:Boardman, 174–175, 181–185 6950:Coinage in the Greek World 6883:Boardman, 159–160, 164–167 6621:Smith, 14–15, 255–261, 272 6468:Cook, 99; Woodford, 44, 75 6254:Cook, 162; Boardman, 65–66 6072:Cook, 37–40, 30, 36, 42–48 5901:Death in ancient Greek art 5579:Ancient Greek architecture 4672:Johann Joachim Winckelmann 4549:Victoria and Albert Museum 4419:, and especially from the 3788: 3769: 2726: 2626:in Athens, are Doric. The 2471:ancient Roman architecture 2422: 2251:Greek terracotta figurines 2248: 2025:(mid-2nd century BC), the 1852: 1702:Statue of Athena Parthenos 1617:Harmodius and Aristogeiton 1563: 1320:Acropolis Museum of Athens 1238: 1066: 1018:-300 BC, from a burial in 659:, by Phoinix (potter) and 406:, 99 cm high, Attic, 393: 235: 229: 206: 14089: 13893: 13658: 13468: 13248: 13040: 13024: 12956:California Scene Painting 12835:California Scene Painting 12791:Figurative Constructivism 12703: 12508: 12287: 12276: 12106: 12043: 11936: 11852: 11842:Poussinists and Rubenists 11743: 11547: 11280: 11080: 11071: 11058: 10971: 10922: 10916: 10911: 10756: 10633: 10622: 10549: 10471: 10428: 10375: 10233: 10085: 10076: 10072: 10053: 10002: 9917: 9855: 9817: 9810: 9760: 9720: 9711: 9633: 9510: 9506: 9482: 9448: 9417: 9259: 9146: 9090: 9057:Attalid kings of Pergamon 9012: 9003: 8999: 8986: 8865:Antigonid Macedonian army 8838: 8811: 8783: 8740: 8697: 8688: 8530: 8469: 8366: 8362: 8333: 8232: 8181: 8177: 8153: 8140: 8058:Resources in your library 8010:, and Dimitris Plantzos. 7988:Hellenistic Engraved Gems 7981:Greek Art and Archaeology 7446:Rawson, 209–222; Cook, 39 6748:Williams, 42, 46, 69, 198 6099:Cook, 38–42; Williams, 56 5990:Corpus vasorum antiquorum 5676:Modern Greek architecture 4495:other Mediterranean glass 4397:to China and the rest of 4080:riding a tiger, from the 3470:, from the tomb of Queen 3390:, Greece, 2nd century BC. 3043:, Greece, 4th century BC. 2529:or wrestling-school, the 2367:Bell Idol, 7th century BC 1698:Statue of Zeus at Olympia 1550:in 480/479 BC during the 347:southern Italy and Sicily 232:Pottery of ancient Greece 14054:Prehistoric European art 13703:Contemporary African art 13186:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai 13114:Generación de la Ruptura 12741:Universal Constructivism 12533:California Impressionism 12488:American Barbizon school 8014:. Somerset: Wiley, 2012. 8012:A Companion to Greek Art 7979:Pedley, John Griffiths. 7689:Hellenistic Civilization 7464:Rawson, 146–163, 173–193 7322:Fletcher, Joann (2008). 6543:The Numismatic Chronicle 5938:Boardman, 3–4; Cook, 1–2 5926: 4155:Hellenistic mosaic from 4088:, Greece, 2nd century BC 3957:, Greece were judged by 3920:Katherine M. D. Dunbabin 3478:, Greece, 4th century BC 2537:for assemblies, and the 1351:Temple of Artemis, Corfu 1154:Rare large Late Archaic 672:Antikensammlungen Munich 599:Antikensammlungen Munich 13881:Walking Artists Network 13218:Letterist International 13058:Washington Color School 11972:Arts in the Philippines 8095:Encyclopædia Britannica 7661:Oxford University Press 7205:. Raleigh, N.C.: Lulu. 6514:Tanner, Jeremy (2006). 6381:Kenneth D. S. Lapatin. 6081:Cook, 29; Woodward, 170 5589:Ancient Greek sculpture 4674:, especially his books 4577:; detail from an Attic 4535:with devotees, holding 3853:the "Jewellery Quarter" 3434:(modern-day Lefkadia), 3382:(modern-day Lefkadia), 3213:illuminated manuscripts 3078:Panel and wall painting 3062:in vase-painting, late 2859:who became a Satrap of 1986:Sleeping Hermaphroditus 1586:, c. 460 BC, 1360:), dominated by a huge 1254:of the Archaic period, 1069:Ancient Greek sculpture 767:, 4th century BC, with 733:-410 BC, British Museum 685:Detail of a red-figure 365:, and are so common in 13992:Illuminated manuscript 13640:The Designers Republic 13590:Neue Slowenische Kunst 13513:Pattern and Decoration 13413:Institutional critique 13053:Abstract expressionism 12033:Latin American Baroque 11989:Colonial Asian Baroque 9091:Artists & scholars 9006:List of ancient Greeks 8643:Second Athenian League 8492:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 8317:Ancient Greek colonies 8078:Ancient Greek Ceramics 7958:Langdon, Susan Helen. 7930:Betancourt, Philip P. 7814:Looking at Greek Vases 7779:Howgego, Christopher, 7622:, also the preface to 7597:by John Henderson and 7491:Boardman, 34, 127, 150 7027:Cook, 59–69, 66 quoted 6893:another reconstruction 6661:Kneeling youthful Gaul 5992:, accessed 16 May 2016 5921:Classical architecture 5686:Contemporary Greek art 4889:Art of the Middle East 4585: 4551: 4319: 4200: 3860: 3836: 3822: 3730: 3656: 3600:Xinjiang Region Museum 3572:Greco-Bactrian kingdom 3534:shield, 3rd century BC 3337: 3240: 3091: 2776: 2750: 2568: 2457: 2442: 2296: 1877: 1643: 1599: 1265: 1163: 1064: 871:Panagyurishte Treasure 776: 502:black-figure technique 414: 334: 284: 270:White ground technique 227: 147:; the latter includes 120:art, especially after 91: 73: 46: 13630:Artist-run initiative 13605:Young British Artists 13570:New European Painting 13506:Moscow Conceptualists 13428:Feminist art movement 13206:Ukrainian underground 13181:Gutai Art Association 12580:Ten American Painters 12084:Western influence in 11061:List of art movements 10210:Sybaris on the Traeis 8935:Sacred Band of Thebes 8675:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD) 8189:Cycladic civilization 7624:Ancient Greek Pottery 7067:3rd ed. 1916, p. 329. 6953:. Seaby. p. 84. 6924:Howgego, 44–46, 48–51 6630:Smith, 33–40, 136–140 6024:Ancient Greek Pottery 5642:Post-Byzantine Greece 5584:Ancient Greek pottery 5012:Art of Southeast Asia 4719:Periods and movements 4565:carrying the body of 4557: 4527: 4310: 4194: 3842: 3828: 3796: 3720: 3641: 3566:, showing a possibly 3472:Eurydice I of Macedon 3328: 3292:Tomb of the Palmettes 3221: 3190:Fayum mummy portraits 3085: 2756: 2736: 2729:Ancient Greek coinage 2702:, late 5th century BC 2585:sculptural decoration 2559: 2448: 2432: 2263:inside a shell; from 2258: 1862: 1841:Parthenon West Frieze 1629: 1573: 1564:Further information: 1246: 1153: 1058: 895:Fayum mummy portraits 762: 401: 314: 279:Interior of an Attic 278: 236:Further information: 214: 79: 52: 22: 16:Art of Ancient Greece 13440:Saqqakhaneh movement 13333:Chicano art movement 13201:Soviet Nonconformist 13007:Boston Expressionism 12990:Abstraction-Création 12808:Arbeitsrat für Kunst 12801:Cologne Progressives 12521:Art Nouveau in Milan 12324:Anglo-Japanese style 12300:National romanticism 11730:Fontainebleau School 11640:Northern Renaissance 11475:International Gothic 9735:mythological figures 9456:Ancient Greek tribes 8581:Peloponnesian League 7986:Plantzos, Dimitris. 7326:. New York: Harper. 7131:Sino-Platonic Papers 6612:Smith, 11, 19–24, 99 6429:Egyptian Archaeology 6363:Cook, 86–91, 110–111 6035:Boardman, 86, quoted 5625:Byzantine Iconoclasm 5492:History of Greek art 4520:Diffusion and legacy 4484:perizoma (loincloth) 4292:Cup of the Ptolemies 4135:mosaic of a dog and 4102:Alexandrine parakeet 3528:armor and bearing a 3500:reclining on couches 2624:Temple of Hephaestus 2594:There were two main 2450:Temple of Hephaistos 2353:monumental sculpture 2271:, discovered in the 2245:Terracotta figurines 2216:(Late Hellenistic), 2213:Laocoön and His Sons 2104:Sperlonga sculptures 2096:("Pasquino group"), 2032:Laocoön and His Sons 1612:Charioteer of Delphi 1366:Old Temple of Athena 1210:semi-precious stones 1111:monumental sculpture 1051:Monumental sculpture 557:Panathenaic amphorae 510:red-figure technique 483:Orientalizing period 290:Panathenaic Amphorae 13975:Hierarchy of genres 13540:Saint Soleil School 13476:Post-conceptual art 13445:The Stars Art Group 13323:Black Arts Movement 13286:Neo-Dada Organizers 13087:Lyrical abstraction 12820:Australian tonalism 12493:California Tonalism 12165:Hudson River School 11968:Colonial Asian art 11708:English Renaissance 11657:Ghent–Bruges school 11645:Early Netherlandish 11557:Italian Renaissance 11470:Gothic art in Milan 9847:Tunnel of Eupalinos 9842:Theatre of Dionysus 9466:Ancient Macedonians 9082:Tyrants of Syracuse 8594:Amphictyonic League 8194:Minoan civilization 8017:Stewart, Andrew F. 7879:, 1986, Duckworth, 7783:, Routledge, 1995, 7687:Chamoux, Françios, 7349:Fordham online text 6700:Smith, 206, 208-209 6063:Cook, 30, 36, 48–51 5799:European prehistory 5730:Ancient art history 5198:Art of the Americas 4937:Art of Central Asia 4645:classical tradition 4606:Alexander the Great 4482:who wears a rustic 4362:and half-palmette, 4018:Alexander the Great 3807:Alexander the Great 3574:(250–125 BC), with 3198:portrait miniatures 3110:(wax) painting and 2938:Alexander the Great 2839:Alexander the Great 2700:Acropolis of Athens 2617:Acropolis of Athens 2128:Alexander the Great 2063:to commemorate his 2015:from the island of 1882:Alexander the Great 1687:Aphrodite of Knidos 1650:in Athens, and the 829:Ksour Essef cuirass 796:vessels, mostly in 384:Kleophrades Painter 189:Alexander the Great 151:and the art of the 141:Greek Neolithic art 126:Alexander the Great 14017:Landscape painting 13625:New Leipzig School 13565:Neo-conceptual art 13313:Art & Language 13308:Capitalist realism 13230:Florida Highwaymen 13166:Hard-edge painting 12980:Streamline Moderne 12941:Harlem Renaissance 12784:Novecento Italiano 12612:Deutscher Werkbund 12439:Post-Impressionism 12001:Latin American art 11805:Guild of Romanists 11667:German Renaissance 11662:Northern Mannerism 10521:Menestheus's Limin 10175:Pandosia (Lucania) 10063:Greek colonisation 9425:Athenian statesmen 9186:Diogenes of Sinope 9047:Kings of Macedonia 9037:Kings of Commagene 8905:Macedonian phalanx 8885:Hellenistic armies 8633:(c. 424–c. 395 BC) 8497:Indo-Greek Kingdom 8219:Hellenistic Greece 7944:Coldstream, J. N. 7892:, Henri Stierlin, 7645:2010-08-19 at the 7202:Alexander's Lovers 7045:. Tufts University 6838:Cook, 179–180, 186 6766:Cook, 178, 183–184 5984:2019-05-18 at the 5602:Greco-Buddhist art 5546:Protogeometric art 4824:Post-Impressionism 4614:Greco-Buddhist art 4586: 4552: 4541:Corinthian columns 4391:Greco-Buddhist art 4320: 4276:hardstone carvings 4201: 4143:, dated 200-150 BC 4020:(left), wearing a 3947:Macedonian capital 3861: 3837: 3823: 3731: 3681:Although the word 3657: 3619:encaustic painting 3516:ancient Macedonian 3372:Ancient Macedonian 3338: 3309:, e.g. the famous 3241: 3092: 3064:Greco-Roman copies 2777: 2751: 2569: 2560:The reconstructed 2501:have a low pitch. 2458: 2443: 2433:Two early Archaic 2297: 2160:Hellenistic Prince 2140:Colossus of Rhodes 2065:victory around 241 2002:Classical period. 1906:Greco-Buddhist art 1878: 1644: 1600: 1266: 1259: 580 BC 1164: 1065: 879:Thracian treasures 808:, in the shape of 794:sacrificial tripod 777: 647:) of a red figure 425:from about 1050 BC 415: 335: 285: 228: 159:cultures from the 110:Roman architecture 106:Greek architecture 92: 74: 47: 14120:Ancient Greek art 14107: 14106: 13889: 13888: 13745:Corporate Memphis 13698:Classical Realism 13668:Amazonian pop art 13560:Appropriation art 13528:Neo-expressionism 13398:Environmental art 13303:Nouvelle tendance 13020: 13019: 12968:Socialist realism 12825:Dresden Secession 12444:Neo-Impressionism 12407:Decadent movement 12378:Heidelberg School 12272: 12271: 12170:American luminism 12155:Düsseldorf School 12150:Shoreham Ancients 12140:Nazarene movement 12130:Danish Golden Age 12011:Indochristian art 11689:Antwerp Mannerism 11578:Pittura infamante 11572:Florentine School 11567:Proto-Renaissance 11009: 11008: 10967: 10966: 10907: 10906: 10903: 10902: 10899: 10898: 10473:Iberian Peninsula 10405:Lipara/Meligounis 10371: 10370: 10049: 10048: 10045: 10044: 10022:Cypriot syllabary 9913: 9912: 9822:Athenian Treasury 9806: 9805: 9478: 9477: 9474: 9473: 9067:Ptolemaic dynasty 9027:Archons of Athens 8982: 8981: 8978: 8977: 8853:Athenian military 8834: 8833: 8667:League of Corinth 8649:Thessalian League 8625:Chalcidian League 8607:Acarnanian League 8517:Ptolemaic Kingdom 8329: 8328: 8325: 8324: 8089:"Greek Art" 8044:Ancient Greek art 8039:Library resources 7875:Woodford, Susan, 7861:Williams, Dyfri. 7793:Karouzou, Semni, 7673:Burnett, Andrew, 7571:978-0-19-987679-2 7536:Boardman, 370–377 7527:Boardman, 354–369 7518:Boardman, 353–354 7419:Boardman, 187–188 7410:Boardman, 129–130 7332:978-0-06-058558-7 7252:Boardman, 183–184 7211:978-1-4116-9960-1 7094:Boardman, 174–177 7085:Boardman, 177–180 7063:Leonard Whibley, 7039:"Natural History" 6820:Boardman, 169–171 6455:978-0-300-07747-6 6281:Boardman, 149–150 6223:Cook, 159, quoted 6160:Boardman, 185–187 5892: 5891: 5724: 5723: 5600: 5574:Ancient Greek art 5569:Archaic Greek art 5541:Mycenaean pottery 5477: 5476: 4987:Art of South Asia 4663:As a part of the 4620:, even as far as 4514:Philip of Macedon 4499:Hellenistic glass 4460:Hellenistic glass 4141:Hellenistic Egypt 4139:wine vessel from 4082:House of Dionysus 3951:Central Macedonia 3895:Sosus of Pergamon 3843:A domestic floor 3834:Sosus of Pergamon 3616:Hellenistic Greek 3458:A fresco showing 3440:Central Macedonia 3388:Central Macedonia 3350:Hellenistic Greek 3311:Tomb of the Diver 3286:, or the tomb at 3227:Tomb of the Diver 3155:Tomb of the Diver 2846:Achaemenid Empire 2717:, Athens, 335/334 2632:Library of Celsus 2562:Athenian Treasury 2437:Greek temples at 2313:Tanagra figurines 2144:Statue of Liberty 1981:Furietti Centaurs 1758:Knidian Aphrodite 1664:Parthenon Marbles 1576:Artemision Bronze 1500:Strangford Apollo 1466:Siphnian Treasury 1339:Siphnian Treasury 1308:Strangford Apollo 1248:Kleobis and Biton 1096:Biton and Kleobis 533:black glazed body 520:, became common. 500:The fully mature 457:from about 530 BC 443:from about 750 BC 432:from about 900 BC 402:Middle Geometric 171:, Classical, and 95:Ancient Greek art 14137: 14097: 14096: 14081:Western painting 14027:Modern sculpture 13985:History painting 13688:Art intervention 13481:Installation art 13298:Nouveau réalisme 13038: 13037: 13012:Leningrad School 12904:Mexican muralism 12877:Grosvenor School 12617:American Realism 12600:Der Blaue Reiter 12558:Berlin Secession 12553:Vienna Secession 12548:Munich Secession 12466:Pont-Aven School 12285: 12284: 12135:Troubadour style 12113:(c. 1770 – 1862) 12080:Qing handicrafts 12046:Western elements 11977:Letras y figuras 11950:African-American 11945:African diaspora 11916:Directoire style 11827:Heptanese school 11810:Dutch Golden Age 11795:Stroganov School 11788:Lutheran Baroque 11783:Louis XIII style 11756:Baroque in Milan 11618:Bolognese School 11613:High Renaissance 11596:Forlivese School 11591:Ferrarese School 11314:Migration Period 11078: 11077: 11036: 11029: 11022: 11013: 11012: 10999: 10998: 10989: 10979: 10978: 10913: 10912: 10631: 10630: 10130:Heraclea Lucania 10083: 10082: 10074: 10073: 10055: 10054: 9815: 9814: 9747:Twelve Olympians 9718: 9717: 9508: 9507: 9484: 9483: 9072:Seleucid dynasty 9052:Kings of Paionia 9001: 9000: 8988: 8987: 8858:Scythian archers 8765:Graphe paranomon 8695: 8694: 8602: 8599: 8589: 8586: 8570: 8567: 8557: 8553: 8550: 8364: 8363: 8335: 8334: 8214:Classical Greece 8199:Mycenaean Greece 8179: 8178: 8155: 8154: 8127: 8120: 8113: 8104: 8103: 8099: 8091: 7972:Moon, Warren G. 7927: 7808:Rasmussen, Tom, 7627: 7616: 7610: 7591: 7585: 7582: 7576: 7575: 7555: 7546: 7543: 7537: 7534: 7528: 7525: 7519: 7516: 7510: 7507: 7501: 7498: 7492: 7489: 7483: 7480: 7474: 7471: 7465: 7462: 7456: 7453: 7447: 7444: 7438: 7435: 7429: 7426: 7420: 7417: 7411: 7408: 7402: 7399: 7393: 7386: 7380: 7377: 7371: 7368: 7362: 7341: 7335: 7320: 7314: 7313: 7295: 7289: 7286: 7280: 7277: 7271: 7268: 7262: 7259: 7253: 7250: 7244: 7241: 7235: 7232: 7226: 7223: 7214: 7197: 7191: 7188: 7182: 7179: 7170: 7167: 7161: 7160: 7158: 7149: 7143: 7142: 7128: 7119: 7113: 7110: 7104: 7101: 7095: 7092: 7086: 7083: 7077: 7074: 7068: 7061: 7055: 7054: 7052: 7050: 7034: 7028: 7025: 7019: 7016: 7010: 7007: 7001: 6998: 6992: 6989: 6983: 6980: 6974: 6971: 6965: 6964: 6943: 6937: 6934: 6925: 6922: 6916: 6913: 6904: 6901: 6895: 6890: 6884: 6881: 6875: 6872: 6866: 6863: 6857: 6854: 6848: 6845: 6839: 6836: 6830: 6827: 6821: 6818: 6812: 6809: 6803: 6800: 6794: 6791: 6785: 6782: 6776: 6773: 6767: 6764: 6758: 6755: 6749: 6746: 6740: 6737: 6731: 6725: 6719: 6716: 6710: 6707: 6701: 6698: 6692: 6689: 6683: 6680: 6674: 6671: 6665: 6655: 6649: 6646: 6640: 6637: 6631: 6628: 6622: 6619: 6613: 6610: 6604: 6601: 6595: 6592: 6586: 6583: 6577: 6574: 6568: 6565: 6559: 6558: 6538: 6532: 6531: 6511: 6505: 6502: 6496: 6493: 6487: 6484: 6478: 6475: 6469: 6466: 6460: 6459: 6439: 6433: 6432: 6420: 6411: 6408: 6402: 6399: 6393: 6379: 6373: 6370: 6364: 6361: 6355: 6352: 6346: 6343: 6337: 6334: 6328: 6325: 6319: 6315: 6309: 6306: 6300: 6297: 6291: 6288: 6282: 6279: 6273: 6270: 6264: 6261: 6255: 6252: 6246: 6239: 6233: 6230: 6224: 6221: 6215: 6212: 6206: 6203: 6197: 6194: 6188: 6185: 6179: 6176: 6170: 6167: 6161: 6158: 6152: 6151: 6133: 6127: 6124: 6118: 6115: 6109: 6106: 6100: 6097: 6091: 6088: 6082: 6079: 6073: 6070: 6064: 6061: 6055: 6051: 6045: 6042: 6036: 6033: 6027: 6020: 6014: 6011: 6005: 6002: 5993: 5976: 5970: 5963: 5957: 5954: 5948: 5945: 5939: 5936: 5884: 5877: 5870: 5726: 5725: 5716: 5709: 5702: 5671:Modern Greek art 5653:Heptanese school 5598: 5509:Greek Bronze Age 5502: 5479: 5478: 5469: 5462: 5455: 4945:Art of East Asia 4707: 4706: 4670:The writings of 4452: 4443: 4421:Mongol conquests 4344:Vitruvian scroll 4334:or "Greek key", 4317: 4314: 4169: 4166: 4152: 4129: 4097: 4073: 4064:, 2nd century BC 4050: 4030:with his friend 4026:and fighting an 4014: 4005:, 4th century BC 3982: 3959:François Chamoux 3928:Stag Hunt Mosaic 3924:mosaics of Delos 3903: 3900: 3884:Alexander Mosaic 3799:Stag Hunt Mosaic 3747:Temple of Aphaia 3723:Temple of Aphaia 3654:Acropolis Museum 3611: 3556:Hotan Prefecture 3543: 3511: 3487: 3455: 3446:, 4th century BC 3427: 3399: 3368: 3359:, 3rd century BC 3346: 3239: 3236: 3186:Villa Boscoreale 3182:Alexander Mosaic 3152: 3149: 3030: 3019: 2999:Syracuse, Sicily 2991: 2972: 2953: 2927: 2917: 2914: 2868: 2865: 2837:on the coins of 2804: 2801: 2797: 2794: 2774: 2771: 2711: 2691: 2682:, 4th century BC 2675: 2659: 2608:Corinthian order 2596:classical orders 2411:Tanagra figurine 2407: 2391: 2376: 2364: 2293:Saint Petersburg 2289:Hermitage Museum 2281:Bosporan Kingdom 2269:Classical Greece 2228: 2208: 2183: 2155: 2116:ancient Egyptian 1837: 1826:Acropolis Museum 1813: 1791: 1772: 1749: 1726: 1706:chryselephantine 1630:"The first true 1537: 1527: 1524: 1514: 1495: 1482: 1479: 1458: 1448:Acropolis Museum 1445: 1442: 1433: 1423:Acropolis Museum 1420: 1417: 1414:or calf-bearer, 1407: 1393: 1390: 1387:Dipylon Kouros, 1384: 1374: 1371: 1359: 1356: 1341:at Delphi, with 1297: 1294: 1260: 1257: 1191:Chryselephantine 1146:Materials, forms 1132:Life of Pericles 1126:statue itself). 1063:, around 440 BC. 1061:Parthenon Frieze 1059:Riders from the 1042: 1030: 1017: 1014: 1008: 996: 980: 968: 959: 956: 946: 930: 921:, 7th century BC 906: 856: 853: 742: 732: 729: 713: 703: 700: 682: 669: 666: 640: 630: 627: 609: 596: 593: 587: 568: 543:, probably from 412: 409: 380:Achilles Painter 324: 321: 225: 222: 161:Greek Bronze Age 53:The Hellenistic 44: 41: 14145: 14144: 14140: 14139: 14138: 14136: 14135: 14134: 14110: 14109: 14108: 14103: 14085: 14002:Interactive art 13885: 13859:SoFlo Superflat 13784:Kitsch movement 13708:Africanfuturism 13660: 13654: 13533:Transavantgarde 13464: 13418:Light and Space 13403:Performance art 13383:Psychedelic art 13266:Nueva Presencia 13256:Otra Figuración 13244: 13176:Les Plasticiens 13161:New York School 13139:Action painting 13124:Metcalf Chateau 13033: 13028: 13016: 12936:Cercle et Carré 12872:New Objectivity 12779:Return to order 12721:School of Paris 12699: 12543:School of Paris 12504: 12390:Arts and Crafts 12295:Neo-romanticism 12280: 12268: 12264:Etching revival 12216:Barbizon school 12160:Pre-Raphaelites 12112: 12109: 12102: 12045: 12039: 11932: 11906:Louis XVI style 11848: 11837:Louis XIV style 11800:Animal painting 11761:Flemish Baroque 11739: 11650:World landscape 11601:Venetian School 11543: 11530:Majorcan school 11497:Novgorod School 11487:Lucchese School 11459:Opus Anglicanum 11451:Norman-Sicilian 11395:Italo-Byzantine 11295:Early Christian 11276: 11260:Pompeian Styles 11073: 11067: 11054: 11040: 11010: 11005: 10963: 10918: 10895: 10758: 10752: 10635: 10626: 10618: 10589:Melaina Korkyra 10545: 10467: 10424: 10377:Aeolian Islands 10367: 10229: 10087: 10068: 10067: 10041: 9998: 9909: 9851: 9802: 9756: 9707: 9629: 9620:Wedding customs 9502: 9501: 9470: 9461:Thracian Greeks 9444: 9435:Olympic victors 9413: 9255: 9142: 9086: 9077:Kings of Sparta 9062:Kings of Pontus 9032:Kings of Athens 9008: 8995: 8974: 8870:Army of Macedon 8830: 8807: 8779: 8736: 8684: 8657:(370–c. 230 BC) 8655:Arcadian League 8639:(c. 400–188 BC) 8637:Aetolian League 8631:Boeotian League 8613:Hellenic League 8600: 8587: 8577:(c. 650–404 BC) 8568: 8562:Italiote League 8555: 8551: 8545:Doric Hexapolis 8535: 8526: 8522:Seleucid Empire 8465: 8358: 8357: 8321: 8228: 8204:Greek Dark Ages 8173: 8172: 8149: 8136: 8131: 8069: 8068: 8067: 8047: 8046: 8042: 8035: 8008:Smith, Tyler Jo 7993:Pollitt, J. J. 7937:Burn, Lucilla. 7924: 7908:Shanks, Michael 7903: 7901:Further reading 7847:Smith, R.R.R., 7831:Rawson, Jessica 7805:(later edition) 7647:Wayback Machine 7640:Beazley Archive 7635: 7630: 7617: 7613: 7609:; Honour, 45–46 7592: 7588: 7583: 7579: 7572: 7556: 7549: 7544: 7540: 7535: 7531: 7526: 7522: 7517: 7513: 7508: 7504: 7499: 7495: 7490: 7486: 7481: 7477: 7472: 7468: 7463: 7459: 7454: 7450: 7445: 7441: 7436: 7432: 7427: 7423: 7418: 7414: 7409: 7405: 7400: 7396: 7387: 7383: 7378: 7374: 7369: 7365: 7359:Pliny the Elder 7354:Natural History 7342: 7338: 7321: 7317: 7310: 7296: 7292: 7287: 7283: 7278: 7274: 7269: 7265: 7260: 7256: 7251: 7247: 7242: 7238: 7233: 7229: 7224: 7217: 7198: 7194: 7189: 7185: 7180: 7173: 7168: 7164: 7156: 7150: 7146: 7126: 7120: 7116: 7111: 7107: 7102: 7098: 7093: 7089: 7084: 7080: 7075: 7071: 7062: 7058: 7048: 7046: 7037:Bostock, John. 7035: 7031: 7026: 7022: 7017: 7013: 7008: 7004: 6999: 6995: 6990: 6986: 6981: 6977: 6972: 6968: 6961: 6944: 6940: 6936:Boardman, 68–69 6935: 6928: 6923: 6919: 6914: 6907: 6902: 6898: 6891: 6887: 6882: 6878: 6873: 6869: 6864: 6860: 6855: 6851: 6846: 6842: 6837: 6833: 6828: 6824: 6819: 6815: 6810: 6806: 6801: 6797: 6792: 6788: 6783: 6779: 6774: 6770: 6765: 6761: 6756: 6752: 6747: 6743: 6738: 6734: 6726: 6722: 6717: 6713: 6708: 6704: 6699: 6695: 6690: 6686: 6681: 6677: 6672: 6668: 6657:Smith, 99–104; 6656: 6652: 6647: 6643: 6638: 6634: 6629: 6625: 6620: 6616: 6611: 6607: 6602: 6598: 6593: 6589: 6584: 6580: 6575: 6571: 6566: 6562: 6539: 6535: 6528: 6512: 6508: 6503: 6499: 6494: 6490: 6485: 6481: 6476: 6472: 6467: 6463: 6456: 6440: 6436: 6421: 6414: 6410:Boardman, 33–34 6409: 6405: 6400: 6396: 6380: 6376: 6371: 6367: 6362: 6358: 6353: 6349: 6344: 6340: 6336:Woodford, 39–56 6335: 6331: 6326: 6322: 6316: 6312: 6307: 6303: 6298: 6294: 6289: 6285: 6280: 6276: 6271: 6267: 6262: 6258: 6253: 6249: 6240: 6236: 6231: 6227: 6222: 6218: 6213: 6209: 6204: 6200: 6195: 6191: 6186: 6182: 6177: 6173: 6168: 6164: 6159: 6155: 6148: 6134: 6130: 6125: 6121: 6116: 6112: 6107: 6103: 6098: 6094: 6089: 6085: 6080: 6076: 6071: 6067: 6062: 6058: 6052: 6048: 6043: 6039: 6034: 6030: 6021: 6017: 6012: 6008: 6003: 5996: 5986:Wayback Machine 5977: 5973: 5964: 5960: 5955: 5951: 5946: 5942: 5937: 5933: 5929: 5888: 5720: 5691: 5690: 5666: 5658: 5657: 5643: 5635: 5634: 5615: 5614:Medieval Greece 5607: 5606: 5594:Hellenistic art 5559: 5551: 5550: 5510: 5473: 5444: 5443: 5392: 5384: 5383: 5339: 5331: 5330: 5264: 5254: 5253: 5082: 5015: 4990: 4948: 4940: 4891: 4886: 4878: 4877: 4799:Pre-Raphaelites 4720: 4705: 4653: 4631:in Europe, the 4571:the battlefield 4522: 4490: 4489: 4488: 4487: 4474: 4465:excavated from 4455: 4454: 4453: 4445: 4444: 4433: 4352:acanthus leaves 4315: 4305: 4189: 4182: 4172:Ptolemaic Queen 4167: 4153: 4144: 4130: 4121: 4098: 4089: 4076:The winged god 4074: 4065: 4051: 4042: 4015: 4006: 3983: 3969:through to the 3901: 3791: 3774: 3768: 3736: 3691: 3636: 3629: 3612: 3603: 3596:Hellenistic art 3588:Greek mythology 3548:Sampul tapestry 3544: 3535: 3512: 3503: 3488: 3479: 3456: 3447: 3428: 3419: 3400: 3391: 3369: 3360: 3347: 3237: 3150: 3136:Pliny the Elder 3104:panel paintings 3080: 3047: 3046: 3045: 3044: 3037:Macedonian tomb 3033: 3032: 3031: 3022: 3021: 3020: 3009: 3002: 2992: 2983: 2973: 2964: 2954: 2945: 2928: 2915: 2909:Amyntas Nikator 2866: 2802: 2795: 2772: 2731: 2725: 2718: 2712: 2703: 2692: 2683: 2676: 2667: 2660: 2531:ekklesiasterion 2490:post and lintel 2427: 2421: 2414: 2408: 2399: 2394:Actor from the 2392: 2383: 2377: 2368: 2365: 2340: 2338:Metal figurines 2285:southern Russia 2277:Taman Peninsula 2253: 2247: 2242: 2235: 2229: 2220: 2209: 2200: 2192:(Hellenistic), 2184: 2175: 2156: 1971:Belvedere Torso 1898:Greco-Bactrians 1857: 1855:Hellenistic art 1851: 1844: 1838: 1829: 1814: 1805: 1792: 1783: 1773: 1764: 1750: 1741: 1727: 1596:Cape Artemisium 1568: 1562: 1555: 1538: 1529: 1525: 1515: 1506: 1496: 1487: 1480: 1459: 1450: 1443: 1434: 1425: 1418: 1408: 1399: 1391: 1385: 1372: 1357: 1295: 1289:Lady of Auxerre 1258: 1241: 1148: 1071: 1053: 1046: 1043: 1034: 1031: 1022: 1015: 1009: 1000: 997: 988: 981: 972: 969: 960: 957: 947: 938: 931: 922: 907: 875:Borovo Treasure 854: 800:, deposited as 757: 750: 743: 734: 730: 714: 705: 701: 683: 674: 667: 641: 632: 628: 610: 601: 594: 588: 579: 571:Late Geometric 569: 529:West Slope Ware 491:Wild Goat Style 410: 396: 327:Cylix of Apollo 322: 240: 234: 223: 209: 177:Greek Dark Ages 42: 17: 12: 11: 5: 14143: 14133: 14132: 14130:Arts in Greece 14127: 14122: 14105: 14104: 14102: 14101: 14090: 14087: 14086: 14084: 14083: 14078: 14071: 14066: 14061: 14056: 14051: 14046: 14041: 14036: 14035: 14034: 14032:Late modernism 14029: 14019: 14014: 14009: 14004: 13999: 13994: 13989: 13988: 13987: 13982: 13980:Genre painting 13972: 13967: 13962: 13957: 13956: 13955: 13950: 13945: 13940: 13930: 13928:Ballets Russes 13925: 13920: 13915: 13914: 13913: 13911:Asemic writing 13903: 13901:History of art 13897: 13895: 13894:Related topics 13891: 13890: 13887: 13886: 13884: 13883: 13878: 13873: 13868: 13867: 13866: 13861: 13851: 13846: 13841: 13836: 13831: 13829:Relational art 13826: 13821: 13816: 13811: 13806: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13786: 13781: 13776: 13775: 13774: 13764: 13759: 13754: 13752:Hypermodernism 13749: 13748: 13747: 13737: 13732: 13727: 13722: 13717: 13712: 13711: 13710: 13700: 13695: 13690: 13685: 13680: 13675: 13670: 13664: 13662: 13656: 13655: 13653: 13652: 13647: 13642: 13637: 13632: 13627: 13622: 13617: 13612: 13607: 13602: 13597: 13592: 13587: 13582: 13577: 13572: 13567: 13562: 13557: 13552: 13547: 13542: 13537: 13536: 13535: 13525: 13520: 13515: 13510: 13509: 13508: 13498: 13493: 13491:Postminimalism 13488: 13483: 13478: 13472: 13470: 13466: 13465: 13463: 13462: 13457: 13452: 13447: 13442: 13437: 13436: 13435: 13425: 13420: 13415: 13410: 13405: 13400: 13395: 13390: 13385: 13380: 13375: 13370: 13368:Generative art 13365: 13360: 13355: 13350: 13345: 13340: 13338:Conceptual art 13335: 13330: 13325: 13320: 13315: 13310: 13305: 13300: 13295: 13290: 13289: 13288: 13278: 13273: 13268: 13263: 13258: 13252: 13250: 13246: 13245: 13243: 13242: 13237: 13235:Cybernetic art 13232: 13227: 13226: 13225: 13223:Ultra-Lettrist 13220: 13210: 13209: 13208: 13198: 13193: 13188: 13183: 13178: 13173: 13168: 13163: 13158: 13153: 13152: 13151: 13141: 13136: 13131: 13126: 13121: 13116: 13111: 13110: 13109: 13104: 13099: 13097:Arte Informale 13094: 13084: 13079: 13074: 13073: 13072: 13062: 13061: 13060: 13050: 13044: 13042: 13035: 13034:(1945–present) 13022: 13021: 13018: 13017: 13015: 13014: 13009: 13004: 12999: 12994: 12993: 12992: 12982: 12977: 12976: 12975: 12970: 12963:Heroic realism 12960: 12959: 12958: 12948: 12943: 12938: 12933: 12928: 12923: 12916: 12911: 12906: 12901: 12900: 12899: 12897:Latin American 12894: 12884: 12879: 12874: 12869: 12867:Group of Seven 12864: 12859: 12854: 12849: 12848: 12847: 12837: 12832: 12830:Social realism 12827: 12822: 12817: 12816: 12815: 12813:November Group 12805: 12804: 12803: 12798: 12788: 12787: 12786: 12776: 12771: 12770: 12769: 12757: 12752: 12747: 12746: 12745: 12744: 12743: 12736:Latin American 12731:Constructivism 12728: 12726:Crystal Cubism 12723: 12718: 12713: 12707: 12705: 12701: 12700: 12698: 12697: 12692: 12687: 12682: 12677: 12672: 12667: 12666: 12665: 12655: 12650: 12643: 12642: 12641: 12636: 12626: 12625: 12624: 12614: 12609: 12604: 12603: 12602: 12597: 12587: 12582: 12577: 12572: 12567: 12566: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12525: 12524: 12523: 12512: 12510: 12506: 12505: 12503: 12502: 12497: 12496: 12495: 12485: 12484: 12483: 12478: 12473: 12468: 12463: 12458: 12453: 12452: 12451: 12436: 12431: 12429:Volcano School 12426: 12425: 12424: 12419: 12409: 12404: 12399: 12398: 12397: 12387: 12382: 12381: 12380: 12375: 12370: 12365: 12364: 12363: 12358: 12343: 12338: 12333: 12328: 12327: 12326: 12314: 12309: 12304: 12303: 12302: 12291: 12289: 12282: 12274: 12273: 12270: 12269: 12267: 12266: 12261: 12260: 12259: 12254: 12253: 12252: 12237: 12236: 12235: 12234: 12233: 12223: 12218: 12208: 12203: 12202: 12201: 12191: 12186: 12184:Norwich School 12181: 12176: 12175: 12174: 12173: 12172: 12162: 12157: 12152: 12147: 12142: 12137: 12132: 12127: 12125:Fairy painting 12116: 12114: 12104: 12103: 12101: 12100: 12099: 12098: 12093: 12082: 12077: 12072: 12067: 12062: 12061: 12060: 12049: 12047: 12041: 12040: 12038: 12037: 12036: 12035: 12030: 12029: 12028: 12023: 12018: 12016:Chilote School 12008: 12006:Casta painting 11998: 11997: 11996: 11991: 11986: 11985: 11984: 11982:Tipos del País 11979: 11966: 11965: 11964: 11963: 11962: 11952: 11940: 11938: 11934: 11933: 11931: 11930: 11925: 11924: 11923: 11918: 11913: 11908: 11903: 11891: 11890: 11889: 11882: 11877: 11872: 11870:Louis XV style 11867: 11856: 11854: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11846: 11845: 11844: 11839: 11829: 11824: 11819: 11818: 11817: 11807: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11791: 11790: 11785: 11780: 11779: 11778: 11773: 11763: 11758: 11747: 11745: 11741: 11740: 11738: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11722: 11717: 11716: 11715: 11705: 11704: 11703: 11702: 11701: 11696: 11691: 11681: 11680: 11679: 11674: 11672:Cologne School 11664: 11659: 11654: 11653: 11652: 11637: 11636: 11635: 11634: 11633: 11625: 11620: 11615: 11605: 11604: 11603: 11598: 11593: 11583: 11582: 11581: 11574: 11569: 11553: 11551: 11545: 11544: 11542: 11541: 11540: 11539: 11532: 11527: 11525:Italian school 11516: 11511: 11510: 11509: 11507:Sienese School 11499: 11494: 11489: 11484: 11483: 11482: 11477: 11472: 11462: 11455: 11454: 11453: 11443: 11442: 11441: 11436: 11426: 11421: 11420: 11419: 11417:Pre-Romanesque 11414: 11409: 11399: 11398: 11397: 11392: 11387: 11382: 11372: 11367: 11366: 11365: 11353: 11348: 11346:Donor portrait 11343: 11342: 11341: 11336: 11331: 11326: 11321: 11311: 11310: 11309: 11299: 11298: 11297: 11286: 11284: 11278: 11277: 11275: 11274: 11273: 11272: 11267: 11262: 11257: 11255:Julio-Claudian 11252: 11247: 11237: 11232: 11227: 11222: 11217: 11216: 11215: 11214: 11213: 11208: 11207: 11206: 11204:Greco-Buddhist 11196: 11186: 11181: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11161: 11156: 11151: 11146: 11144:Protogeometric 11141: 11131: 11130: 11129: 11124: 11119: 11114: 11104: 11099: 11098: 11097: 11086: 11084: 11075: 11069: 11068: 11059: 11056: 11055: 11039: 11038: 11031: 11024: 11016: 11007: 11006: 11004: 11003: 10993: 10983: 10972: 10969: 10968: 10965: 10964: 10962: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10935: 10934: 10923: 10920: 10919: 10909: 10908: 10905: 10904: 10901: 10900: 10897: 10896: 10894: 10893: 10888: 10883: 10878: 10873: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10762: 10760: 10754: 10753: 10751: 10750: 10745: 10740: 10735: 10730: 10725: 10720: 10715: 10710: 10705: 10700: 10695: 10690: 10685: 10680: 10675: 10670: 10665: 10660: 10655: 10650: 10645: 10639: 10637: 10628: 10620: 10619: 10617: 10616: 10611: 10606: 10601: 10596: 10591: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10571: 10566: 10561: 10555: 10553: 10547: 10546: 10544: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10503: 10498: 10493: 10488: 10483: 10477: 10475: 10469: 10468: 10466: 10465: 10460: 10450: 10445: 10440: 10434: 10432: 10426: 10425: 10423: 10422: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10381: 10379: 10373: 10372: 10369: 10368: 10366: 10365: 10360: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10340: 10335: 10330: 10325: 10323:Megara Hyblaea 10320: 10315: 10310: 10305: 10303:Hybla Gereatis 10300: 10295: 10293:Heraclea Minoa 10290: 10285: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10265: 10260: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10239: 10237: 10231: 10230: 10228: 10227: 10222: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10182: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10107: 10102: 10097: 10091: 10089: 10080: 10070: 10069: 10066: 10065: 10059: 10051: 10050: 10047: 10046: 10043: 10042: 10040: 10039: 10037:Attic numerals 10034: 10032:Greek numerals 10029: 10027:Greek alphabet 10024: 10019: 10014: 10008: 10006: 10000: 9999: 9997: 9996: 9991: 9990: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9923: 9921: 9915: 9914: 9911: 9910: 9908: 9907: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9872: 9867: 9861: 9859: 9853: 9852: 9850: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9818: 9812: 9808: 9807: 9804: 9803: 9801: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9770: 9764: 9762: 9758: 9757: 9755: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9738: 9737: 9727: 9721: 9715: 9709: 9708: 9706: 9705: 9700: 9695: 9690: 9685: 9684: 9683: 9681:Musical system 9673: 9668: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9652: 9651: 9640: 9638: 9631: 9630: 9628: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9602: 9597: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9532: 9527: 9522: 9516: 9514: 9504: 9503: 9500: 9499: 9494: 9488: 9480: 9479: 9476: 9475: 9472: 9471: 9469: 9468: 9463: 9458: 9452: 9450: 9446: 9445: 9443: 9442: 9437: 9432: 9427: 9421: 9419: 9415: 9414: 9412: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9341: 9336: 9331: 9326: 9321: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9296: 9291: 9286: 9281: 9276: 9271: 9265: 9263: 9257: 9256: 9254: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9152: 9150: 9144: 9143: 9141: 9140: 9135: 9130: 9125: 9120: 9115: 9113:Mathematicians 9110: 9105: 9100: 9094: 9092: 9088: 9087: 9085: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9049: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9022:Kings of Argos 9018: 9016: 9010: 9009: 8997: 8996: 8984: 8983: 8980: 8979: 8976: 8975: 8973: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8922: 8917: 8912: 8907: 8902: 8897: 8892: 8887: 8882: 8880:Cretan archers 8877: 8872: 8867: 8862: 8861: 8860: 8850: 8844: 8842: 8836: 8835: 8832: 8831: 8829: 8828: 8823: 8817: 8815: 8809: 8808: 8806: 8805: 8800: 8795: 8789: 8787: 8781: 8780: 8778: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8752: 8746: 8744: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8698: 8692: 8686: 8685: 8683: 8682: 8679:Achaean League 8676: 8673:Euboean League 8670: 8664: 8661:Epirote League 8658: 8652: 8646: 8640: 8634: 8628: 8622: 8616: 8610: 8609:(c. 500–31 BC) 8604: 8591: 8578: 8572: 8559: 8541: 8539: 8537:Confederations 8528: 8527: 8525: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8499: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8473: 8471: 8467: 8466: 8464: 8463: 8461:Lissus (Crete) 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8372: 8370: 8360: 8359: 8356: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8339: 8331: 8330: 8327: 8326: 8323: 8322: 8320: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8238: 8236: 8230: 8229: 8227: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8209:Archaic Greece 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8185: 8183: 8175: 8174: 8171: 8170: 8165: 8159: 8151: 8150: 8148: 8147: 8141: 8138: 8137: 8134:Ancient Greece 8130: 8129: 8122: 8115: 8107: 8101: 8100: 8086:, ed. (1911). 8084:Chisholm, Hugh 8080: 8075: 8066: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8049: 8048: 8037: 8036: 8034: 8033:External links 8031: 8030: 8029: 8022: 8015: 8005: 7998: 7991: 7984: 7977: 7970: 7963: 7956: 7949: 7942: 7935: 7928: 7922: 7902: 7899: 7898: 7897: 7887: 7873: 7859: 7845: 7828: 7806: 7791: 7777: 7767: 7752: 7731: 7714: 7700: 7685: 7671: 7653:Boardman, John 7650: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7628: 7611: 7586: 7577: 7570: 7547: 7538: 7529: 7520: 7511: 7502: 7493: 7484: 7475: 7466: 7457: 7448: 7439: 7430: 7421: 7412: 7403: 7394: 7381: 7372: 7363: 7336: 7315: 7308: 7290: 7281: 7272: 7263: 7254: 7245: 7236: 7227: 7215: 7192: 7183: 7171: 7162: 7144: 7114: 7105: 7096: 7087: 7078: 7069: 7056: 7029: 7020: 7011: 7002: 6993: 6984: 6975: 6973:Howgego, 63–67 6966: 6959: 6938: 6926: 6917: 6905: 6896: 6885: 6876: 6867: 6858: 6849: 6840: 6831: 6822: 6813: 6804: 6795: 6786: 6777: 6768: 6759: 6750: 6741: 6732: 6720: 6711: 6702: 6693: 6691:Smith, 258-261 6684: 6682:Smith, 240–241 6675: 6673:Smith, 104–126 6666: 6650: 6641: 6639:Smith, 127–154 6632: 6623: 6614: 6605: 6596: 6587: 6578: 6569: 6560: 6533: 6526: 6506: 6497: 6488: 6479: 6470: 6461: 6454: 6434: 6412: 6403: 6394: 6374: 6365: 6356: 6347: 6338: 6329: 6320: 6310: 6301: 6292: 6283: 6274: 6265: 6256: 6247: 6234: 6225: 6216: 6207: 6198: 6189: 6180: 6171: 6162: 6153: 6147:978-0500202258 6146: 6128: 6119: 6110: 6101: 6092: 6083: 6074: 6065: 6056: 6046: 6037: 6028: 6015: 6006: 5994: 5971: 5958: 5949: 5940: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5924: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5890: 5889: 5887: 5886: 5879: 5872: 5864: 5861: 5860: 5859: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5846:Ancient Greece 5840: 5839: 5833: 5832: 5831: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5802: 5801: 5795: 5794: 5793: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5769: 5768: 5764: 5763: 5762: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5738: 5737: 5733: 5732: 5722: 5721: 5719: 5718: 5711: 5704: 5696: 5693: 5692: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5667: 5664: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5656: 5655: 5650: 5644: 5641: 5640: 5637: 5636: 5633: 5632: 5630:Macedonian art 5627: 5622: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5605: 5604: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5560: 5558:Ancient Greece 5557: 5556: 5553: 5552: 5549: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5531:Minoan pottery 5528: 5523: 5518: 5511: 5508: 5507: 5504: 5503: 5495: 5494: 5488: 5487: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5471: 5464: 5457: 5449: 5446: 5445: 5442: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5415: 5414: 5404: 5399: 5393: 5390: 5389: 5386: 5385: 5382: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5340: 5337: 5336: 5333: 5332: 5329: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5287: 5286: 5281: 5271: 5265: 5260: 5259: 5256: 5255: 5252: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5227:Art of Oceania 5223: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5194: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5160: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5075: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5058: 5057: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5008: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4983: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4966: 4965: 4960: 4933: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4887: 4884: 4883: 4880: 4879: 4876: 4875: 4874: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4848: 4847: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4765: 4764: 4754: 4753: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4740:Pre-Romanesque 4732: 4727: 4721: 4718: 4717: 4714: 4713: 4711:History of art 4704: 4701: 4692:study of vases 4665:Ottoman Empire 4652: 4651:Historiography 4649: 4627:Following the 4529:Greco-Buddhist 4521: 4518: 4506:that to Hegeso 4457: 4456: 4447: 4446: 4438: 4437: 4436: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4376:papyrus flower 4304: 4301: 4221:cylinder seals 4188: 4185: 4184: 4183: 4154: 4147: 4145: 4131: 4124: 4122: 4099: 4092: 4090: 4075: 4068: 4066: 4052: 4045: 4043: 4016: 4009: 4007: 3984: 3977: 3945:, the ancient 3790: 3787: 3770:Main article: 3767: 3764: 3735: 3732: 3690: 3687: 3646:of an Archaic 3635: 3632: 3631: 3630: 3613: 3606: 3604: 3545: 3538: 3536: 3513: 3506: 3504: 3489: 3482: 3480: 3457: 3450: 3448: 3429: 3422: 3420: 3417:Ptolemaic army 3401: 3394: 3392: 3370: 3363: 3361: 3348: 3341: 3303:Greek colonies 3132:Apelles of Kos 3079: 3076: 3035: 3034: 3025: 3024: 3023: 3014: 3013: 3012: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3004: 3003: 2993: 2986: 2984: 2974: 2967: 2965: 2955: 2948: 2946: 2944:, after 330 BC 2936:with image of 2929: 2922: 2900:Greco-Bactrian 2791:, issued from 2727:Main article: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2713: 2706: 2704: 2693: 2686: 2684: 2677: 2670: 2668: 2664:Ancient Delphi 2661: 2654: 2423:Main article: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2415: 2409: 2402: 2400: 2398:, about 200 BC 2393: 2386: 2384: 2378: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2359: 2339: 2336: 2249:Main article: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2237: 2236: 2230: 2223: 2221: 2218:Vatican Museum 2210: 2203: 2201: 2185: 2178: 2176: 2157: 2150: 2045:Pergamon Altar 1967:Barberini Faun 1943:Boy with Thorn 1918:Pergamon Altar 1873:, 130-100 BC, 1850: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1839: 1832: 1830: 1815: 1808: 1806: 1797:, possibly by 1793: 1786: 1784: 1774: 1767: 1765: 1756:, type of the 1751: 1744: 1742: 1728: 1721: 1715:Constantinople 1652:Temple of Zeus 1561: 1558: 1557: 1556: 1539: 1532: 1530: 1519:Sabouroff head 1516: 1509: 1507: 1497: 1490: 1488: 1472:, depicting a 1460: 1453: 1451: 1435: 1428: 1426: 1409: 1402: 1400: 1386: 1379: 1240: 1237: 1147: 1144: 1136:Daedalic style 1067:Main article: 1052: 1049: 1048: 1047: 1044: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1025: 1023: 1010: 1003: 1001: 998: 991: 989: 982: 975: 973: 970: 963: 961: 948: 941: 939: 932: 925: 923: 908: 901: 859:Derveni Krater 825:muscle cuirass 765:Derveni Krater 756: 753: 752: 751: 744: 737: 735: 715: 708: 706: 684: 677: 675: 642: 635: 633: 614:Amasis Painter 611: 604: 602: 589: 582: 580: 577:British Museum 570: 563: 549:Centuripe ware 472:Dipylon Master 463:Protogeometric 459: 458: 451: 444: 437:Late Geometric 433: 426: 423:Protogeometric 395: 392: 388:Berlin Painter 329:, who pours a 283:cup, about 450 230:Main article: 208: 205: 55:Pergamon Altar 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14142: 14131: 14128: 14126: 14123: 14121: 14118: 14117: 14115: 14100: 14092: 14091: 14088: 14082: 14079: 14077: 14076: 14072: 14070: 14067: 14065: 14062: 14060: 14057: 14055: 14052: 14050: 14047: 14045: 14042: 14040: 14037: 14033: 14030: 14028: 14025: 14024: 14023: 14020: 14018: 14015: 14013: 14010: 14008: 14005: 14003: 14000: 13998: 13995: 13993: 13990: 13986: 13983: 13981: 13978: 13977: 13976: 13973: 13971: 13968: 13966: 13965:Fantastic art 13963: 13961: 13958: 13954: 13951: 13949: 13946: 13944: 13941: 13939: 13936: 13935: 13934: 13933:Christian art 13931: 13929: 13926: 13924: 13921: 13919: 13916: 13912: 13909: 13908: 13907: 13904: 13902: 13899: 13898: 13896: 13892: 13882: 13879: 13877: 13874: 13872: 13869: 13865: 13862: 13860: 13857: 13856: 13855: 13852: 13850: 13847: 13845: 13842: 13840: 13837: 13835: 13834:Skeuomorphism 13832: 13830: 13827: 13825: 13822: 13820: 13817: 13815: 13812: 13810: 13807: 13805: 13802: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13794:Massurrealism 13792: 13790: 13789:Lightpainting 13787: 13785: 13782: 13780: 13777: 13773: 13772:Post-Internet 13770: 13769: 13768: 13765: 13763: 13760: 13758: 13755: 13753: 13750: 13746: 13743: 13742: 13741: 13738: 13736: 13733: 13731: 13728: 13726: 13723: 13721: 13718: 13716: 13713: 13709: 13706: 13705: 13704: 13701: 13699: 13696: 13694: 13691: 13689: 13686: 13684: 13681: 13679: 13676: 13674: 13671: 13669: 13666: 13665: 13663: 13657: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13645:Grunge design 13643: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13626: 13623: 13621: 13618: 13616: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13600:Retrofuturism 13598: 13596: 13595:Scratch video 13593: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13583: 13581: 13580:Memphis Group 13578: 13576: 13573: 13571: 13568: 13566: 13563: 13561: 13558: 13556: 13555:Telematic art 13553: 13551: 13548: 13546: 13545:Guerrilla art 13543: 13541: 13538: 13534: 13531: 13530: 13529: 13526: 13524: 13521: 13519: 13516: 13514: 13511: 13507: 13504: 13503: 13502: 13499: 13497: 13496:Endurance art 13494: 13492: 13489: 13487: 13484: 13482: 13479: 13477: 13474: 13473: 13471: 13467: 13461: 13458: 13456: 13453: 13451: 13448: 13446: 13443: 13441: 13438: 13434: 13431: 13430: 13429: 13426: 13424: 13421: 13419: 13416: 13414: 13411: 13409: 13406: 13404: 13401: 13399: 13396: 13394: 13391: 13389: 13386: 13384: 13381: 13379: 13376: 13374: 13371: 13369: 13366: 13364: 13361: 13359: 13356: 13354: 13351: 13349: 13346: 13344: 13341: 13339: 13336: 13334: 13331: 13329: 13326: 13324: 13321: 13319: 13316: 13314: 13311: 13309: 13306: 13304: 13301: 13299: 13296: 13294: 13291: 13287: 13284: 13283: 13282: 13279: 13277: 13274: 13272: 13269: 13267: 13264: 13262: 13259: 13257: 13254: 13253: 13251: 13247: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13228: 13224: 13221: 13219: 13216: 13215: 13214: 13211: 13207: 13204: 13203: 13202: 13199: 13197: 13194: 13192: 13189: 13187: 13184: 13182: 13179: 13177: 13174: 13172: 13169: 13167: 13164: 13162: 13159: 13157: 13156:New media art 13154: 13150: 13147: 13146: 13145: 13142: 13140: 13137: 13135: 13134:Nanyang Style 13132: 13130: 13127: 13125: 13122: 13120: 13117: 13115: 13112: 13108: 13105: 13103: 13100: 13098: 13095: 13093: 13090: 13089: 13088: 13085: 13083: 13080: 13078: 13075: 13071: 13068: 13067: 13066: 13065:Visionary art 13063: 13059: 13056: 13055: 13054: 13051: 13049: 13046: 13045: 13043: 13039: 13036: 13032: 13027: 13023: 13013: 13010: 13008: 13005: 13003: 13000: 12998: 12995: 12991: 12988: 12987: 12986: 12983: 12981: 12978: 12974: 12971: 12969: 12966: 12965: 12964: 12961: 12957: 12954: 12953: 12952: 12949: 12947: 12944: 12942: 12939: 12937: 12934: 12932: 12931:Scuola Romana 12929: 12927: 12924: 12922: 12921: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12898: 12895: 12893: 12890: 12889: 12888: 12885: 12883: 12880: 12878: 12875: 12873: 12870: 12868: 12865: 12863: 12860: 12858: 12857:Anthropophagy 12855: 12853: 12850: 12846: 12843: 12842: 12841: 12840:Functionalism 12838: 12836: 12833: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12814: 12811: 12810: 12809: 12806: 12802: 12799: 12797: 12794: 12793: 12792: 12789: 12785: 12782: 12781: 12780: 12777: 12775: 12772: 12768: 12767: 12763: 12762: 12761: 12760:Neoplasticism 12758: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12748: 12742: 12739: 12738: 12737: 12734: 12733: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12722: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12708: 12706: 12702: 12696: 12693: 12691: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12678: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12668: 12664: 12663:Cubo-Futurism 12661: 12660: 12659: 12656: 12654: 12651: 12649: 12648: 12644: 12640: 12637: 12635: 12632: 12631: 12630: 12627: 12623: 12622:Ashcan School 12620: 12619: 12618: 12615: 12613: 12610: 12608: 12605: 12601: 12598: 12596: 12593: 12592: 12591: 12590:Expressionism 12588: 12586: 12583: 12581: 12578: 12576: 12575:Mir iskusstva 12573: 12571: 12568: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12545: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12522: 12519: 12518: 12517: 12514: 12513: 12511: 12507: 12501: 12498: 12494: 12491: 12490: 12489: 12486: 12482: 12479: 12477: 12474: 12472: 12469: 12467: 12464: 12462: 12459: 12457: 12454: 12450: 12447: 12446: 12445: 12442: 12441: 12440: 12437: 12435: 12432: 12430: 12427: 12423: 12420: 12418: 12415: 12414: 12413: 12410: 12408: 12405: 12403: 12400: 12396: 12393: 12392: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12379: 12376: 12374: 12371: 12369: 12366: 12362: 12361:Boston School 12359: 12357: 12356:Hoosier Group 12354: 12353: 12352: 12349: 12348: 12347: 12346:Impressionism 12344: 12342: 12341:Peredvizhniki 12339: 12337: 12334: 12332: 12331:Beuron School 12329: 12325: 12322: 12321: 12320: 12319: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12308: 12305: 12301: 12298: 12297: 12296: 12293: 12292: 12290: 12286: 12283: 12279: 12275: 12265: 12262: 12258: 12255: 12251: 12248: 12247: 12246: 12245:Munich School 12243: 12242: 12241: 12238: 12232: 12229: 12228: 12227: 12224: 12222: 12219: 12217: 12214: 12213: 12212: 12209: 12207: 12204: 12200: 12197: 12196: 12195: 12192: 12190: 12187: 12185: 12182: 12180: 12177: 12171: 12168: 12167: 12166: 12163: 12161: 12158: 12156: 12153: 12151: 12148: 12146: 12143: 12141: 12138: 12136: 12133: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12122: 12121: 12118: 12117: 12115: 12111: 12105: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12088: 12087: 12083: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12073: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12059: 12056: 12055: 12054: 12051: 12050: 12048: 12044:Art borrowing 12042: 12034: 12031: 12027: 12024: 12022: 12019: 12017: 12014: 12013: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12003: 12002: 11999: 11995: 11994:Company style 11992: 11990: 11987: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11974: 11973: 11970: 11969: 11967: 11961: 11958: 11957: 11956: 11953: 11951: 11948: 11947: 11946: 11942: 11941: 11939: 11935: 11929: 11926: 11922: 11919: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11909: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11901: 11897: 11896: 11895: 11894:Neoclassicism 11892: 11888: 11887: 11883: 11881: 11878: 11876: 11873: 11871: 11868: 11866: 11863: 11862: 11861: 11858: 11857: 11855: 11851: 11843: 11840: 11838: 11835: 11834: 11833: 11830: 11828: 11825: 11823: 11820: 11816: 11813: 11812: 11811: 11808: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11789: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11777: 11774: 11772: 11769: 11768: 11767: 11764: 11762: 11759: 11757: 11754: 11753: 11752: 11749: 11748: 11746: 11742: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11720:Cretan School 11718: 11714: 11711: 11710: 11709: 11706: 11700: 11697: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11686: 11685: 11682: 11678: 11677:Danube school 11675: 11673: 11670: 11669: 11668: 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11651: 11648: 11647: 11646: 11643: 11642: 11641: 11638: 11632: 11631: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11610: 11609: 11606: 11602: 11599: 11597: 11594: 11592: 11589: 11588: 11587: 11584: 11580: 11579: 11575: 11573: 11570: 11568: 11565: 11564: 11563: 11560: 11559: 11558: 11555: 11554: 11552: 11550: 11546: 11538: 11537: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11522: 11521: 11517: 11515: 11512: 11508: 11505: 11504: 11503: 11500: 11498: 11495: 11493: 11490: 11488: 11485: 11481: 11478: 11476: 11473: 11471: 11468: 11467: 11466: 11463: 11461: 11460: 11456: 11452: 11449: 11448: 11447: 11444: 11440: 11437: 11435: 11432: 11431: 11430: 11427: 11425: 11422: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11404: 11403: 11400: 11396: 11393: 11391: 11388: 11386: 11383: 11381: 11378: 11377: 11376: 11373: 11371: 11368: 11364: 11363: 11359: 11358: 11357: 11354: 11352: 11349: 11347: 11344: 11340: 11337: 11335: 11332: 11330: 11327: 11325: 11322: 11320: 11317: 11316: 11315: 11312: 11308: 11305: 11304: 11303: 11300: 11296: 11293: 11292: 11291: 11288: 11287: 11285: 11283: 11279: 11271: 11268: 11266: 11263: 11261: 11258: 11256: 11253: 11251: 11248: 11246: 11243: 11242: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11223: 11221: 11218: 11212: 11209: 11205: 11202: 11201: 11200: 11197: 11195: 11192: 11191: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11175: 11172: 11170: 11167: 11165: 11162: 11160: 11157: 11155: 11154:Orientalizing 11152: 11150: 11147: 11145: 11142: 11140: 11139:Sub-Mycenaean 11137: 11136: 11135: 11132: 11128: 11125: 11123: 11120: 11118: 11115: 11113: 11110: 11109: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11096: 11093: 11092: 11091: 11088: 11087: 11085: 11083: 11079: 11076: 11070: 11066: 11062: 11057: 11053:art movements 11052: 11048: 11044: 11037: 11032: 11030: 11025: 11023: 11018: 11017: 11014: 11002: 10994: 10992: 10988: 10984: 10982: 10974: 10973: 10970: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10933: 10930: 10929: 10928: 10925: 10924: 10921: 10914: 10910: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10869: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10763: 10761: 10755: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10741: 10739: 10736: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10721: 10719: 10716: 10714: 10711: 10709: 10706: 10704: 10701: 10699: 10696: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10684: 10681: 10679: 10676: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10664: 10661: 10659: 10656: 10654: 10651: 10649: 10646: 10644: 10641: 10640: 10638: 10632: 10629: 10625: 10621: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10605: 10602: 10600: 10597: 10595: 10592: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10565: 10562: 10560: 10557: 10556: 10554: 10552: 10548: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10502: 10501:Hemeroscopion 10499: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10484: 10482: 10479: 10478: 10476: 10474: 10470: 10464: 10461: 10458: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10441: 10439: 10436: 10435: 10433: 10431: 10427: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10382: 10380: 10378: 10374: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10339: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10236: 10232: 10226: 10223: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10092: 10090: 10084: 10081: 10079: 10078:Magna Graecia 10075: 10071: 10064: 10061: 10060: 10056: 10052: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10009: 10007: 10005: 10001: 9995: 9992: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9952:Arcadocypriot 9950: 9948: 9945: 9944: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9924: 9922: 9920: 9916: 9906: 9905:Zeus, Olympia 9903: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9890:Hera, Olympia 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9862: 9860: 9858: 9854: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9819: 9816: 9813: 9809: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9793:Mount Olympus 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9774: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9765: 9763: 9761:Sacred places 9759: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9736: 9733: 9732: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9722: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9710: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9689: 9686: 9682: 9679: 9678: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9650: 9647: 9646: 9645: 9642: 9641: 9639: 9636: 9632: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9585:Olympic Games 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9575:Homosexuality 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9517: 9515: 9513: 9509: 9505: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9489: 9485: 9481: 9467: 9464: 9462: 9459: 9457: 9454: 9453: 9451: 9447: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9422: 9420: 9416: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9345: 9342: 9340: 9337: 9335: 9332: 9330: 9327: 9325: 9322: 9320: 9317: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9277: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9267: 9266: 9264: 9262: 9258: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9153: 9151: 9149: 9145: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9129: 9126: 9124: 9121: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9095: 9093: 9089: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9019: 9017: 9015: 9011: 9007: 9002: 8998: 8994: 8989: 8985: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8945:Seleucid army 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8883: 8881: 8878: 8876: 8873: 8871: 8868: 8866: 8863: 8859: 8856: 8855: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8845: 8843: 8841: 8837: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8818: 8816: 8814: 8810: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8790: 8788: 8786: 8782: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8751: 8748: 8747: 8745: 8743: 8739: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8699: 8696: 8693: 8691: 8687: 8680: 8677: 8674: 8671: 8668: 8665: 8662: 8659: 8656: 8653: 8650: 8647: 8644: 8641: 8638: 8635: 8632: 8629: 8626: 8623: 8620: 8619:Delian League 8617: 8614: 8611: 8608: 8605: 8595: 8592: 8582: 8579: 8576: 8575:Ionian League 8573: 8563: 8560: 8556: 560 BC 8546: 8543: 8542: 8540: 8538: 8533: 8529: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8474: 8472: 8468: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8373: 8371: 8369: 8365: 8361: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8340: 8336: 8332: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8297:Magna Graecia 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8239: 8237: 8235: 8231: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8186: 8184: 8180: 8176: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8160: 8156: 8152: 8146: 8143: 8142: 8139: 8135: 8128: 8123: 8121: 8116: 8114: 8109: 8108: 8105: 8097: 8096: 8090: 8085: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8070: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8027: 8023: 8020: 8016: 8013: 8009: 8006: 8003: 7999: 7996: 7992: 7989: 7985: 7982: 7978: 7975: 7971: 7968: 7965:Ling, Roger. 7964: 7961: 7957: 7954: 7950: 7947: 7943: 7940: 7936: 7933: 7929: 7925: 7923:0-521-56117-5 7919: 7915: 7914: 7909: 7905: 7904: 7895: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7885:9780801419942 7882: 7878: 7874: 7872: 7871:9780714122540 7868: 7864: 7860: 7858: 7854: 7850: 7846: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7823: 7822:9780521376792 7819: 7815: 7811: 7810:Spivey, Nigel 7807: 7804: 7803:9789602130049 7800: 7796: 7792: 7790: 7786: 7782: 7778: 7775: 7771: 7768: 7765: 7764:9781405179362 7761: 7757: 7753: 7751: 7747: 7743: 7740:, Cambridge: 7739: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7726: 7722: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7712:9780521769044 7709: 7705: 7701: 7698: 7694: 7690: 7686: 7684: 7680: 7676: 7672: 7670: 7666: 7662: 7658: 7654: 7651: 7648: 7644: 7641: 7637: 7636: 7625: 7621: 7615: 7608: 7607:0-19-284237-4 7604: 7600: 7596: 7590: 7584:Honour, 57–62 7581: 7573: 7567: 7563: 7562: 7554: 7552: 7545:Cook, 157–158 7542: 7533: 7524: 7515: 7506: 7500:Boardman, 150 7497: 7488: 7482:Williams, 214 7479: 7473:Williams, 190 7470: 7461: 7452: 7443: 7434: 7425: 7416: 7407: 7398: 7391: 7385: 7376: 7367: 7360: 7356: 7355: 7350: 7346: 7340: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7319: 7311: 7309:9780198152873 7305: 7301: 7294: 7288:Hardiman, 518 7285: 7279:Hardiman, 517 7276: 7267: 7258: 7249: 7240: 7234:Boardman, 154 7231: 7222: 7220: 7212: 7208: 7204: 7203: 7196: 7187: 7178: 7176: 7169:Cook, 182–183 7166: 7155: 7148: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7125: 7118: 7109: 7100: 7091: 7082: 7073: 7066: 7060: 7044: 7040: 7033: 7024: 7015: 7006: 6997: 6988: 6982:Williams, 112 6979: 6970: 6962: 6960:9780900652820 6956: 6952: 6951: 6942: 6933: 6931: 6921: 6915:Cook, 171–172 6912: 6910: 6900: 6894: 6889: 6880: 6871: 6865:Cook, 211–214 6862: 6856:Cook, 191–193 6853: 6844: 6835: 6829:Cook, 185–186 6826: 6817: 6811:Cook, 241–244 6808: 6802:Cook, 190–191 6799: 6790: 6781: 6775:Cook, 178–179 6772: 6763: 6757:Cook, 173–174 6754: 6745: 6736: 6729: 6724: 6715: 6706: 6697: 6688: 6679: 6670: 6664: 6662: 6654: 6645: 6636: 6627: 6618: 6609: 6600: 6591: 6582: 6573: 6564: 6556: 6552: 6548: 6544: 6537: 6529: 6527:9780521846141 6523: 6519: 6518: 6510: 6501: 6492: 6483: 6474: 6465: 6457: 6451: 6447: 6446: 6438: 6430: 6426: 6419: 6417: 6407: 6398: 6392: 6391:0-19-815311-2 6388: 6384: 6378: 6369: 6360: 6351: 6342: 6333: 6324: 6314: 6305: 6296: 6287: 6278: 6269: 6260: 6251: 6244: 6238: 6229: 6220: 6211: 6202: 6193: 6187:Cook, 161–163 6184: 6175: 6166: 6157: 6149: 6143: 6139: 6132: 6123: 6114: 6105: 6096: 6087: 6078: 6069: 6060: 6050: 6041: 6032: 6025: 6019: 6010: 6001: 5999: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5980: 5975: 5968: 5962: 5953: 5944: 5935: 5931: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5896:Dionysian art 5894: 5893: 5885: 5880: 5878: 5873: 5871: 5866: 5865: 5863: 5862: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5843: 5842: 5841: 5838: 5837:Classical art 5835: 5834: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5805: 5804: 5803: 5800: 5797: 5796: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5766: 5765: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5749:Ancient Egypt 5747: 5745: 5742: 5741: 5740: 5739: 5735: 5734: 5731: 5728: 5727: 5717: 5712: 5710: 5705: 5703: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5694: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5681:Munich School 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5668: 5665:Modern Greece 5662: 5661: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5648:Cretan school 5646: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5620:Byzantine art 5618: 5617: 5611: 5610: 5603: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5564:Geometric art 5562: 5561: 5555: 5554: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5536:Mycenaean art 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5506: 5505: 5501: 5497: 5496: 5493: 5490: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5480: 5470: 5465: 5463: 5458: 5456: 5451: 5450: 5448: 5447: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5413: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5394: 5388: 5387: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5341: 5335: 5334: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5276: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5266: 5263: 5258: 5257: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5231: 5230: 5229: 5228: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5205:Pre-Columbian 5203: 5202: 5201: 5200: 5199: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5168: 5167: 5166: 5165: 5164:Art of Africa 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5084: 5083: 5081: 5080: 5079:Art of Europe 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5056: 5053: 5052: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5013: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4992: 4991: 4989: 4988: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4955: 4954: 4951: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4946: 4941: 4939: 4938: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4920:South Arabian 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4892: 4890: 4882: 4881: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4861:Conceptualism 4859: 4857: 4854: 4853: 4852: 4849: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4839:Expressionism 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4809:Impressionism 4807: 4806: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4779:Neoclassicism 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4763: 4760: 4759: 4758: 4755: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4737: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4722: 4716: 4715: 4712: 4709: 4708: 4700: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4683: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4668: 4666: 4661: 4658: 4648: 4646: 4642: 4641:Elgin Marbles 4638: 4637:Neoclassicism 4634: 4630: 4625: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4604:In the East, 4602: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4583: 4580: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4517: 4515: 4509: 4507: 4502: 4500: 4496: 4485: 4481: 4478: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4461: 4451: 4442: 4428: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4408: 4404: 4403:Byzantine art 4400: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4383: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4369: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4340:bead and reel 4337: 4333: 4328: 4326: 4325:Neoclassicism 4309: 4300: 4297: 4294:), but other 4293: 4289: 4288:Gonzaga Cameo 4285: 4284:Farnese Tazza 4281: 4277: 4272: 4269: 4266: 4260: 4258: 4254: 4251:Dexamenos of 4248: 4246: 4242: 4236: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4213:Julius Caesar 4210: 4206: 4198: 4193: 4187:Engraved gems 4180: 4176: 4173: 4168: 200 BC 4162: 4158: 4151: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4128: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4096: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4072: 4067: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4049: 4044: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4024: 4019: 4013: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3981: 3976: 3975: 3974: 3972: 3968: 3967:Western world 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3949:, in today's 3948: 3944: 3940: 3935: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3912:John Boardman 3909: 3908: 3902: 200 BC 3896: 3892: 3891:Unswept Floor 3887: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3841: 3835: 3831: 3830:Unswept Floor 3827: 3820: 3817:) is perhaps 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3795: 3786: 3783: 3779: 3773: 3766:Vase painting 3763: 3761: 3760:Riace bronzes 3757: 3752: 3748: 3743: 3741: 3728: 3724: 3719: 3715: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3686: 3684: 3679: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3666: 3662: 3655: 3651: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3617: 3610: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3568:Greek soldier 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3532: 3527: 3523: 3522: 3517: 3514:Fresco of an 3510: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3486: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3454: 3449: 3445: 3444:the afterlife 3441: 3437: 3433: 3426: 3421: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3409: 3405: 3398: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3367: 3362: 3358: 3357:wall painting 3354: 3351: 3345: 3340: 3339: 3336: 3332: 3327: 3323: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3299: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3267: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3250: 3246: 3238: 480 BC 3232: 3228: 3225:scene in the 3224: 3220: 3216: 3214: 3210: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3194:Severan Tondo 3191: 3187: 3183: 3178: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3151: 530 BC 3145: 3139: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3089: 3084: 3075: 3071: 3069: 3065: 3059: 3057: 3052: 3042: 3038: 3029: 3018: 3000: 2997:on a coin of 2996: 2990: 2985: 2981: 2978:fighting the 2977: 2971: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2952: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2932: 2926: 2921: 2920: 2919: 2910: 2906: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2887: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2867: 450 BC 2862: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2847: 2842: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2790: 2785: 2782: 2773: 150 BC 2768: 2764: 2760: 2755: 2748: 2744: 2741:with head of 2740: 2735: 2730: 2716: 2710: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2685: 2681: 2674: 2669: 2665: 2658: 2653: 2652: 2651: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2620: 2618: 2614: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2592: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2567: 2563: 2558: 2554: 2551: 2546: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2502: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2463: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2440: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2412: 2406: 2401: 2397: 2390: 2385: 2382: 2375: 2370: 2363: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2354: 2349: 2345: 2335: 2333: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2309: 2307: 2302: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2234: 2227: 2222: 2219: 2215: 2214: 2207: 2202: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2190: 2182: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2154: 2149: 2148: 2147: 2145: 2141: 2136: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2112: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2094: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2082: 2081:Laocoön Group 2076: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2057:Kneeling Gaul 2054: 2053:Ludovisi Gaul 2050: 2046: 2042: 2036: 2034: 2033: 2028: 2024: 2023: 2022:Venus de Milo 2019:known as the 2018: 2014: 2010: 2009: 2003: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1987: 1982: 1978: 1977: 1976:Resting Satyr 1972: 1968: 1964: 1961:, nymphs and 1960: 1956: 1952: 1949:The world of 1947: 1945: 1944: 1937: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1909: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1867: 1866:Venus de Milo 1861: 1856: 1842: 1836: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1812: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1790: 1785: 1782: 1778: 1771: 1766: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1748: 1743: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1725: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1694: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1671: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1628: 1624: 1622: 1618: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1544: 1536: 1531: 1520: 1513: 1508: 1505: 1501: 1494: 1489: 1486: 1481: 525 BC 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1457: 1452: 1449: 1444: 530 BC 1438: 1432: 1427: 1424: 1419: 570 BC 1413: 1406: 1401: 1397: 1392: 600 BC 1383: 1378: 1377: 1376: 1367: 1363: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1327:Foce del Sele 1323: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1303: 1301: 1300:archaic smile 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1273: 1271: 1264: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1236: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1161: 1157: 1152: 1143: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1123: 1121: 1116: 1112: 1107: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1070: 1062: 1057: 1041: 1036: 1029: 1024: 1021: 1007: 1002: 995: 990: 986: 979: 974: 967: 962: 958: 460 BC 952: 945: 940: 936: 929: 924: 920: 916: 912: 905: 900: 899: 898: 896: 890: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 855: 530 BC 849: 845: 840: 837: 832: 830: 826: 822: 817: 815: 811: 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 781: 774: 770: 766: 761: 748: 741: 736: 725: 721: 718: 712: 707: 702: 520 BC 696: 693:assaulting a 692: 688: 681: 676: 673: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 639: 634: 629: 540 BC 623: 619: 615: 608: 603: 600: 595: 620 BC 586: 581: 578: 574: 567: 562: 561: 560: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 498: 496: 492: 488: 484: 479: 477: 473: 468: 464: 456: 452: 449: 445: 442: 438: 434: 431: 427: 424: 420: 419: 418: 405: 400: 391: 389: 385: 381: 375: 371: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 332: 328: 317: 313: 309: 307: 303: 299: 294: 291: 282: 277: 273: 271: 266: 262: 256: 254: 250: 246: 239: 233: 218: 213: 204: 200: 198: 192: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 137: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 101: 96: 90: 86: 82: 78: 72: 68: 64: 60: 56: 51: 37: 33: 29: 25: 21: 14075:Trompe-l'œil 14073: 14044:Outsider art 13997:Illustration 13953:Lutheran art 13943:Catholic art 13906:Abstract art 13876:Unilalianism 13839:Software art 13814:Neosymbolism 13804:Neo-futurism 13767:Internet art 13757:Hyperrealism 13610:Superfiction 13393:Photorealism 13261:Afrofuturism 13026:Contemporary 13002:Dimensionism 12985:Concrete art 12918: 12914:Precisionism 12764: 12711:Sosaku-hanga 12685:Productivism 12675:Metaphysical 12645: 12634:Proto-Cubism 12538:Secessionism 12500:Costumbrismo 12385:Aestheticism 12336:Hague School 12316: 12240:Academic art 12221:Costumbrismo 12189:Empire style 12026:Quito School 12021:Cusco School 11937:Colonial art 11898: 11886:Fête galante 11884: 11853:18th century 11815:Delft School 11766:Caravaggisti 11744:17th century 11629: 11586:Quattrocento 11576: 11534: 11457: 11360: 11290:Late antique 11174:Severe style 11164:Black-figure 11133: 11051:Contemporary 10796:Dionysopolis 10766:Abonoteichos 10718:Pantikapaion 10308:Hybla Heraea 9644:Architecture 9634: 9600:Prostitution 9289:Aristophanes 9148:Philosophers 9118:Philosophers 8950:Spartan army 8681:(280–146 BC) 8669:(338–322 BC) 8663:(370–168 BC) 8651:(374–196 BC) 8645:(378–355 BC) 8627:(430–348 BC) 8621:(478–404 BC) 8615:(499–449 BC) 8302:Peloponnesus 8224:Roman Greece 8093: 8053:Online books 8043: 8025: 8018: 8011: 8001: 7994: 7987: 7980: 7973: 7966: 7959: 7952: 7945: 7938: 7931: 7912: 7889: 7876: 7862: 7848: 7834: 7826:google books 7813: 7794: 7780: 7773: 7770:Honour, Hugh 7755: 7737: 7720: 7703: 7702:Cohen, Ada, 7688: 7674: 7656: 7623: 7614: 7594: 7589: 7580: 7560: 7541: 7532: 7523: 7514: 7505: 7496: 7487: 7478: 7469: 7460: 7451: 7442: 7433: 7424: 7415: 7406: 7397: 7384: 7375: 7366: 7352: 7344: 7343:for Caesar: 7339: 7323: 7318: 7299: 7293: 7284: 7275: 7266: 7261:Dunbabin, 33 7257: 7248: 7239: 7230: 7225:Chamoux, 375 7200: 7195: 7186: 7165: 7147: 7130: 7117: 7108: 7099: 7090: 7081: 7072: 7064: 7059: 7047:. Retrieved 7042: 7032: 7023: 7014: 7005: 7000:Cook, 22, 66 6996: 6987: 6978: 6969: 6949: 6941: 6920: 6903:Howgego, 1–2 6899: 6888: 6879: 6870: 6861: 6852: 6843: 6834: 6825: 6816: 6807: 6798: 6789: 6780: 6771: 6762: 6753: 6744: 6735: 6723: 6714: 6705: 6696: 6687: 6678: 6669: 6660: 6653: 6648:Smith, 77–79 6644: 6635: 6626: 6617: 6608: 6599: 6590: 6581: 6572: 6563: 6546: 6542: 6536: 6516: 6509: 6500: 6491: 6482: 6473: 6464: 6444: 6437: 6428: 6406: 6397: 6382: 6377: 6368: 6359: 6350: 6341: 6332: 6323: 6313: 6304: 6295: 6286: 6277: 6268: 6259: 6250: 6245:(April 2008) 6237: 6228: 6219: 6210: 6201: 6192: 6183: 6174: 6165: 6156: 6137: 6131: 6122: 6113: 6104: 6095: 6086: 6077: 6068: 6059: 6049: 6040: 6031: 6023: 6018: 6009: 5974: 5961: 5952: 5943: 5934: 5906:Parthian art 5845: 5573: 5521:Cycladic art 5407:Art movement 5374:Graphic arts 5364:Architecture 5239:Cook Islands 5225: 5224: 5196: 5195: 5162: 5161: 5116: 5077: 5076: 5010: 5009: 4985: 4984: 4943: 4942: 4935: 4934: 4895:Mesopotamian 4888: 4851:Contemporary 4696:John Beazley 4688:Academic art 4684: 4679: 4675: 4669: 4662: 4654: 4626: 4603: 4589:modern day. 4587: 4584:, c. 440 BC. 4579:white-ground 4510: 4503: 4491: 4411: 4407:medieval art 4395:Central Asia 4384: 4372:lotus flower 4336:egg-and-dart 4329: 4321: 4273: 4261: 4249: 4237: 4205:engraved gem 4202: 4136: 4028:Asiatic lion 4021: 3963:Roman period 3936: 3915: 3907:trompe-l'œil 3905: 3890: 3888: 3876:Xenia motifs 3871: 3862: 3829: 3810: 3775: 3744: 3737: 3692: 3689:Architecture 3682: 3680: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3658: 3647: 3623:Roman Greece 3529: 3519: 3466:riding in a 3413:Romanization 3408:thyreophoros 3407: 3335:Doric temple 3300: 3268: 3242: 3179: 3144:Pitsa panels 3140: 3093: 3088:Pitsa panels 3072: 3060: 3048: 3039:fresco from 2888: 2857:Themistocles 2843: 2825:at Corinth, 2803: 38 BC 2786: 2778: 2621: 2593: 2570: 2547: 2535:bouleuterion 2503: 2487: 2459: 2419:Architecture 2341: 2332:Architecture 2329: 2310: 2298: 2211: 2187: 2137: 2113: 2097: 2091: 2087:Farnese Bull 2085: 2079: 2077: 2056: 2037: 2030: 2020: 2006: 2004: 1984: 1974: 1948: 1941: 1938: 1910: 1879: 1864: 1695: 1672: 1668: 1645: 1640:Severe style 1636:Themistocles 1607: 1601: 1566:Severe style 1543:Perserschutt 1541: 1503: 1474:Gigantomachy 1412:Moschophoros 1345:and a small 1329:(now in the 1324: 1304: 1274: 1270:Cycladic art 1267: 1251: 1222: 1203: 1184: 1165: 1140:Severe style 1131: 1124: 1119: 1108: 1103: 1091: 1072: 891: 877:, and other 841: 833: 821:Greek helmet 819:Swords, the 818: 782: 778: 724:Reed Painter 717:White-ground 689:depicting a 651:, depicting 616:, depicting 522: 514:heterosexual 499: 480: 460: 454: 448:Black Figure 447: 440: 436: 429: 422: 416: 376: 372: 341:islands, in 336: 316:White ground 295: 286: 261:black-figure 257: 241: 217:black-figure 215:Detail of a 201: 193: 185:Persian Wars 181:black-figure 149:Cycladic art 143:followed by 138: 104: 94: 93: 32:black-figure 13960:Digital art 13923:Avant-garde 13864:Superstroke 13740:Flat design 13735:Fictive art 13730:Excessivism 13678:Art for art 13673:Altermodern 13615:Taring Padi 13550:Lowbrow art 13518:Pliontanism 13455:Yoru no Kai 13408:Process art 13348:Systems art 13318:Arte Povera 13240:Antipodeans 13149:in New York 13119:Jikken Kōbō 13082:Color field 12951:Regionalism 12920:Aeropittura 12909:Neo-Fauvism 12882:Neues Sehen 12852:Kinetic art 12716:Suprematism 12690:Synchromism 12607:Noucentisme 12528:Primitivism 12516:Art Nouveau 12471:Cloisonnism 12461:Pointillism 12456:Divisionism 12434:Incoherents 12395:Art pottery 12281:(1863–1944) 12231:Macchiaioli 12206:Biedermeier 12194:Historicism 12179:Orientalism 12120:Romanticism 12091:Akita ranga 11943:Art of the 11928:Picturesque 11880:Chinoiserie 11875:Frederician 11713:Tudor court 11608:Cinquecento 11549:Renaissance 11536:Mappa mundi 11520:cartography 11412:Carolingian 11407:Merovingian 11390:Palaeologan 11362:Repoblación 11319:Anglo-Saxon 11250:Gallo-Roman 11189:Hellenistic 11184:Kerch style 11122:Minyan ware 10944:Place names 10856:Salmydessus 10678:Kalos Limen 10658:Chersonesus 10648:Borysthenes 10353:Tauromenion 10165:Metapontion 9927:Proto-Greek 9880:Erechtheion 9875:Athena Nike 9837:Philippeion 9666:Mathematics 9637:and science 9520:Agriculture 9384:Stesichorus 9294:Bacchylides 9284:Archilochus 9171:Antisthenes 9161:Anaximander 9133:Seven Sages 9123:Playwrights 9103:Geographers 9098:Astronomers 8925:Pezhetairos 8552: 1100 8532:Federations 8431:Megalopolis 8368:City states 8343:City states 7437:Cook, 39–40 7213:, pp 78-79. 7190:Cook, 59–63 7018:Cook, 59–70 6728:"Bell idol" 6603:Smith, 7, 9 6401:Cook, 74–76 6372:Cook, 74–82 6345:Cook, 82–85 6044:Cook, 24–29 6022:Preface to 6004:Cook, 24–26 5956:Cook, 14–18 5851:Hellenistic 5744:Mesopotamia 5736:Middle East 5402:Art history 5379:Digital art 5369:Photography 5359:Calligraphy 5142:Anglo-Saxon 5122:Hellenistic 5067:Singaporean 4829:Art Nouveau 4789:Romanticism 4757:Renaissance 4725:Prehistoric 4678:(1750) and 4629:Renaissance 4477:Hellenistic 4413:Islamic art 4296:glass-paste 4199:, c. 220 BC 4179:Ptolemy III 4175:Berenice II 3971:Middle Ages 3819:Hephaestion 3674:= many and 3590:, a common 3378:in ancient 3331:entablature 3120:still-lifes 3086:One of the 2980:Nemean lion 2934:tetradrachm 2789:tetradrachm 2739:tetradrachm 2723:Coin design 2696:Erechtheion 2606:, with the 2591:in Athens. 2517:around it, 2435:Doric order 1902:Indo-Greeks 1894:Afghanistan 1892:in eastern 1849:Hellenistic 1820:1 from the 1437:Peplos Kore 1368:in Athens ( 1281:Mesopotamia 1268:Bronze Age 1189:technique. 663:(painter), 541:Hadra vases 525:Kerch style 461:During the 249:grave goods 245:terracottas 173:Hellenistic 14114:Categories 14007:Jewish art 13819:Passionism 13779:iPhone art 13725:Cyborg art 13720:Crypto art 13693:Brandalism 13585:Cyberdelic 13450:Tropicália 13423:Street art 13378:Intermedia 13358:Minimalism 13077:Spatialism 13031:Postmodern 12887:Surrealism 12755:Shin-hanga 12595:Die Brücke 12563:Sonderbund 12476:Synthetism 12199:Revivalism 12108:Transition 12065:Manichaean 11911:Adam style 11832:Classicism 11771:in Utrecht 11699:Still life 11429:Romanesque 11385:Macedonian 11380:Iconoclast 11339:Visigothic 11245:Republican 11199:Indo-Greek 11169:Red-figure 10846:Polemonion 10723:Phanagoria 10693:Kimmerikon 10688:Kerkinitis 10673:Hermonassa 10663:Dioscurias 10559:Aspalathos 10506:Kalathousa 10481:Akra Leuke 10410:Phoenicusa 10195:Scylletium 10180:Poseidonia 10100:Brentesion 9987:Pamphylian 9982:Macedonian 9900:Samothrace 9885:Hephaestus 9832:Long Walls 9811:Structures 9752:Underworld 9698:Technology 9661:Literature 9595:Philosophy 9560:Euergetism 9449:By culture 9394:Thucydides 9236:Pythagoras 9231:Protagoras 9221:Parmenides 9206:Heraclitus 9191:Empedocles 9181:Democritus 9166:Anaximenes 9156:Anaxagoras 9108:Historians 8601: 595 8588: 550 8569: 800 8554: – c. 8482:Cappadocia 8287:Ionian Sea 8277:Hellespont 8242:Aegean Sea 7857:0500202494 7843:0714114316 7789:041508993X 7750:0521002303 7729:0140218661 7717:Cook, R.M. 7697:0631222421 7683:0520076281 7669:0198143869 7633:References 7620:Mary Beard 7599:Mary Beard 6718:Smith, 205 6709:Smith, 210 5526:Minoan art 5515:Aegean art 5439:Naturalist 5419:Figurative 5338:Techniques 5306:Manichaean 5284:Protestant 5234:Australian 5030:Vietnamese 5020:Indonesian 4925:Phoenician 4871:Minimalism 4856:Postmodern 4819:Decorative 4784:Revivalism 4745:Romanesque 4599:Celtic art 4531:frieze of 4431:Other arts 4316: 530 4118:Attalus II 4114:Eumenes II 3999:Persephone 3995:Amphipolis 3991:Kasta Tomb 3939:Macedonian 3880:still-life 3847:depicting 3815:Hephaistos 3782:aesthetics 3740:polychromy 3683:polychrome 3668:πολυχρωμία 3661:polychrome 3552:Lop County 3524:) wearing 3521:thorakitai 3464:Persephone 3353:terracotta 3252:Bronze Age 3202:gold glass 2931:Macedonian 2905:Eucratides 2853:Asia Minor 2807:Macedonian 2796: 510 2763:Eucratides 2644:Alexandria 2628:Erechtheum 2494:Corbelling 2396:New Comedy 2317:Alexandria 2275:cemetery, 2273:Phanagoria 2194:The Louvre 2168:Attalus II 2102:, and the 2049:Dying Gaul 2027:Dying Gaul 1973:, and the 1922:Alexandria 1916:, and the 1890:Ai-Khanoum 1853:See also: 1828:in Athens. 1777:Praxiteles 1762:Glyptothek 1754:Praxiteles 1735:Diadumenos 1731:Polyclitus 1683:Praxiteles 1526: 550 1446:, Athens, 1421:, Athens, 1396:Kerameikos 1394:, Athens, 1373: 530 1364:, and the 1358: 580 1296: 660 1214:acrolithic 1016: 320 935:Vix Krater 848:Vix Krater 775:seen here. 731: 420 668: 480 643:Interior ( 518:homosexual 476:silhouette 455:Red Figure 411: 800 323: 460 281:red-figure 265:red-figure 224: 540 145:Aegean art 134:literature 130:philosophy 85:Persephone 83:abducting 43: 520 34:side of a 14125:Greek art 14069:Shock art 14059:Queer art 14039:Naïve art 14022:Modernism 13854:Superflat 13844:Sound art 13824:Post-YBAs 13809:Neomodern 13650:Verdadism 13620:Superflat 13469:1970–1999 13433:in the US 13353:Video art 13276:Happening 13249:1960–1969 13041:1945–1959 12704:1915–1944 12695:Vorticism 12647:A Nyolcak 12509:1900–1914 12481:Les Nabis 12412:Symbolism 12368:Amsterdam 12318:Japonisme 12288:1863–1899 12250:in Greece 12110:to modern 11955:Caribbean 11900:Goût grec 11822:Capriccio 11776:Tenebrism 11725:Turquerie 11623:Mannerism 11518:Medieval 11375:Byzantine 11356:Mozarabic 11307:Ethiopian 11211:Neo-Attic 11194:"Baroque" 11179:Classical 11149:Geometric 11127:Mycenaean 11074:(Western) 11072:Premodern 11043:Premodern 10932:in Epirus 10881:Trapezous 10826:Mesambria 10811:Eupatoria 10781:Apollonia 10776:Anchialos 10738:Theodosia 10708:Nymphaion 10698:Myrmekion 10668:Gorgippia 10624:Black Sea 10609:Tragurion 10594:Nymphaion 10579:Epidauros 10574:Epidamnos 10564:Apollonia 10541:Zacynthos 10463:Ptolemais 10457:Apollonia 10430:Cyrenaica 10420:Therassía 10415:Strongyle 10395:Ereikousa 10318:Leontinoi 10258:Apollonia 10135:Hipponion 9932:Mycenaean 9895:Parthenon 9827:Lion Gate 9730:Mythology 9693:Sculpture 9656:Astronomy 9590:Pederasty 9565:Festivals 9550:Education 9430:Lawgivers 9399:Timocreon 9379:Sophocles 9374:Simonides 9349:Philocles 9344:Panyassis 9339:Mimnermus 9304:Herodotus 9299:Euripides 9269:Aeschylus 9216:Leucippus 9176:Aristotle 8955:Strategos 8821:Synedrion 8775:Ostracism 8755:Areopagus 8707:Free city 8502:Macedonia 8386:Byzantion 8292:Macedonia 8257:Cyrenaica 8234:Geography 8168:Geography 7721:Greek Art 7601:, 2001), 7270:Cohen, 32 7139:2157-9687 7112:Cohen, 28 7076:Cook, 61; 6874:Cook, 218 6793:Cook, 186 6659:Photo of 6354:Smith, 11 6214:Cook, 159 6178:Cook, 160 5979:Home page 5599:see also: 5434:Narrative 5344:Sculpture 5274:Christian 5262:Religions 5137:Byzantine 5050:Cambodian 5045:Malaysian 5000:Bhutanese 4958:Hong Kong 4814:Symbolism 4762:Mannerism 4618:East Asia 4595:Roman art 4425:porcelain 4417:arabesque 4399:East Asia 4380:mouldings 4348:guilloche 4265:jewellery 4245:Phoenicia 4217:Near East 4133:Ptolemaic 4060:from the 3734:Sculpture 3696:Parthenon 3576:blue eyes 3570:from the 3526:chainmail 3518:soldier ( 3415:" of the 3404:Ptolemaic 3355:funerary 3284:Macedonia 3249:Mycenaean 3223:Symposium 3206:Byzantine 3171:Campanian 3124:Pausanias 3116:portraits 3108:encaustic 3100:Pausanias 3051:ekphrasis 3001:, 415–400 2916: 95 2911:(reigned 2737:Athenian 2615:near the 2589:Parthenon 2573:limestone 2539:propylaea 2527:palaestra 2523:gymnasium 2475:Vitruvius 2462:Mycenaean 2261:Aphrodite 2240:Figurines 2132:Ptolemaic 2120:Heracleum 2108:Neo-Attic 2067:over the 2061:Attalus I 2013:Aphrodite 1822:Parthenon 1760:, Munich 1711:Byzantine 1679:Parthenon 1660:pediments 1648:Parthenon 1604:democracy 1578:, either 1560:Classical 1528:-525 BCE. 1285:Psamtik I 1231:found at 1227:carrying 1199:gold leaf 1178:or grave 883:Black Sea 867:Scythians 863:Thracians 755:Metalwork 670:-470 BC, 516:and male 467:Geometric 430:Geometric 333:, detail. 318:, Attic, 165:Geometric 157:Mycenaean 100:sculpture 57:: l to r 14099:Category 14049:Portrait 13970:Folk art 13918:Anti-art 13849:Stuckism 13762:Idea art 13683:Art game 13635:Artivism 13523:Punk art 13501:Sots Art 13486:Artscene 13343:Land art 13281:Neo-Dada 13213:Lettrism 13107:Nuagisme 13092:Tachisme 12973:Nazi art 12766:De Stijl 12680:Rayonism 12670:Art Deco 12658:Futurism 12449:Luminism 12417:Romanian 12402:Tonalism 12373:Canadian 12351:American 12257:Neo-Grec 11865:Rocaille 11694:Romanism 11628:Counter- 11562:Trecento 11502:Duecento 11492:Crusades 11424:Ottonian 11402:Frankish 11282:Medieval 11265:Trajanic 11225:Scythian 11220:Etruscan 11112:Cycladic 11090:Thracian 10981:Category 10959:Theatres 10886:Tripolis 10821:Kerasous 10816:Heraclea 10748:Tyritake 10703:Nikonion 10614:Thronion 10536:Salauris 10491:Emporion 10448:Berenice 10438:Balagrae 10390:Euonymos 10363:Tyndaris 10348:Syracuse 10343:Selinous 10313:Kamarina 10268:Casmenae 10253:Akrillai 10170:Neápolis 10105:Caulonia 10086:Mainland 10017:Linear B 10012:Linear A 9942:Dialects 9919:Language 9713:Religion 9671:Medicine 9605:Religion 9570:Folklore 9555:Emporium 9530:Clothing 9525:Calendar 9409:Xenophon 9404:Tyrtaeus 9389:Theognis 9364:Polybius 9359:Plutarch 9334:Menander 9314:Hipponax 9241:Socrates 9196:Epicurus 9042:Diadochi 8940:Sciritae 8900:Hetairoi 8875:Ballista 8840:Military 8803:Gerousia 8793:Ekklesia 8760:Ecclesia 8742:Athenian 8690:Politics 8603:–279 BC) 8590:–366 BC) 8571:–389 BC) 8507:Pergamon 8477:Bithynia 8470:Kingdoms 8411:Pergamon 8353:Military 8348:Politics 8145:Timeline 7910:(1999). 7812:, eds., 7744:, 1999, 7663:, 1993, 7643:Archived 7049:23 March 6730:, Louvre 6663:, Louvre 6555:42668124 6477:Cook, 93 6431:: 38–39. 6327:Cook, 19 5982:Archived 5947:Cook, 12 5818:Etruscan 5813:Cycladic 5484:a series 5482:Part of 5424:Funerary 5397:Abstract 5349:Painting 5279:Catholic 5269:Buddhist 5244:Hawaiian 5147:Ottonian 5112:Scythian 5097:Etruscan 5092:Cycladic 5072:Bruneian 5025:Filipino 4970:Japanese 4900:Egyptian 4735:Medieval 4703:See also 4633:humanist 4610:Buddhism 4591:Etruscan 4582:lekythos 4567:Sarpedon 4563:Thanatos 4545:Pakistan 4537:plantain 4533:Gandhara 4471:Sardinia 4458:Left: A 4360:palmette 4303:Ornament 4290:and the 4268:pendants 4233:Helladic 4106:Pergamon 4078:Dionysus 4032:Craterus 3868:tesserae 3811:anastole 3560:Xinjiang 3296:tympanum 3167:Etruscan 3007:Painting 2995:Arethusa 2976:Heracles 2942:Heracles 2896:Syracuse 2875:Syracuse 2861:Magnesia 2835:Heracles 2757:Gold 20- 2640:Pergamum 2602:and the 2550:mausolea 2519:theatres 2467:mudbrick 2348:lost wax 2172:Pergamon 2164:Seleucid 2118:city of 2099:Arrotino 1999:Anatolia 1951:Dionysus 1930:Pergamum 1900:and the 1799:Lysippos 1729:Copy of 1700:and the 1632:portrait 1580:Poseidon 1347:pediment 1229:Ganymede 1206:precious 1187:lost wax 1138:and the 1128:Plutarch 1102:(plural 1090:(plural 1084:Heracles 953:handle, 951:caryatid 814:sphinxes 810:griffins 806:protomes 786:repousse 769:Dionysus 720:lekythos 704:, Louvre 653:Heracles 631:, Louvre 618:Heracles 453:and the 331:libation 298:amphorae 253:cremated 122:Buddhism 118:Eurasian 114:ornament 24:Heracles 14064:Realism 13661:present 13388:Nut Art 13191:Pop art 13129:Mono-ha 12997:The Ten 12946:Kapists 12892:Iranian 12845:Bauhaus 12639:Orphism 12585:Fauvism 12422:Russian 12312:Nihonga 12226:Verismo 12211:Realism 12145:Purismo 12058:Moorish 12053:Islamic 11960:Haitian 11751:Baroque 11630:Maniera 11514:Mudéjar 11439:Spanish 11351:Pictish 11334:Lombard 11329:Insular 11270:Severan 11235:Gaulish 11230:Iberian 11159:Archaic 11102:Nuragic 11082:Ancient 11065:periods 11001:Outline 10954:Temples 10891:Zaliche 10871:Thèrmae 10861:Sesamus 10831:Odessos 10806:Cytorus 10801:Cotyora 10551:Illyria 10516:Mainake 10511:Kypsela 10400:Hycesia 10358:Thermae 10338:Segesta 10328:Messana 10283:Helorus 10263:Calacte 10243:Akragas 10205:Sybaris 10190:Rhegion 10145:Krimisa 10095:Alision 10004:Writing 9977:Locrian 9967:Epirote 9937:Homeric 9870:Artemis 9857:Temples 9798:Olympia 9768:Eleusis 9703:Theatre 9688:Pottery 9615:Warfare 9610:Slavery 9545:Economy 9540:Cuisine 9535:Coinage 9512:Society 9497:Culture 9492:Society 9440:Tyrants 9279:Alcaeus 9261:Authors 9211:Hypatia 9201:Gorgias 9138:Writers 8960:Toxotai 8930:Sarissa 8920:Peltast 8915:Phalanx 8895:Hoplite 8890:Hippeis 8813:Macedon 8785:Spartan 8770:Heliaia 8717:Proxeny 8426:Larissa 8421:Kerkyra 8416:Eretria 8406:Miletus 8401:Ephesus 8396:Corinth 8391:Chalcis 8312:Taurica 8182:Periods 8163:History 7894:TASCHEN 7043:Perseus 5988:of the 5828:Scythia 5754:Hittite 5354:Pottery 5296:Islamic 5127:Iberian 5040:Myanmar 4980:Tibetan 4953:Chinese 4930:Ottoman 4915:Arabian 4910:Persian 4905:Hittite 4885:Regions 4834:Fauvism 4794:Realism 4769:Baroque 4730:Ancient 4475:Right: 4463:amphora 4387:Eurasia 4368:rosette 4332:meander 4274:Larger 4239:with a 4108:modern 3989:of the 3872:emblema 3864:Mosaics 3851:, from 3789:Mosaics 3778:pottery 3712:Thermon 3708:metopes 3700:Olympia 3586:, from 3584:centaur 3531:thureos 3492:banquet 3476:Vergina 3468:chariot 3436:Imathia 3384:Imathia 3319:Pompeii 3315:Paestum 3280:Vergina 3272:hoplite 3264:Mycenae 3256:Knossos 3231:Paestum 3175:Pompeii 3163:Vergina 3159:Paestum 3134:, whom 3112:tempera 3102:, were 2892:Corinth 2849:Satraps 2827:Demeter 2811:obverse 2767:Bactria 2698:on the 2636:Ephesus 2483:metopes 2479:temples 2439:Paestum 2381:Olympia 2344:Olympia 2334:below. 2301:Boeotia 2073:Galatia 2041:baroque 1959:maenads 1926:Antioch 1824:at the 1675:Phidias 1656:friezes 1621:tyranny 1464:of the 1375:-500). 1343:friezes 1239:Archaic 1233:Olympia 1176:friezes 1172:reliefs 1160:Olympia 1115:oracles 1098:). The 983:Silver 919:Olympia 915:protome 911:griffin 909:Bronze 887:Vergina 844:kraters 836:Phidias 802:votives 790:Olympia 773:Ariadne 687:amphora 506:Corinth 441:Archaic 413:-775 BC 394:History 363:Ukraine 351:Corinth 302:kraters 207:Pottery 169:Archaic 89:Vergina 71:Oceanus 45:/510 BC 14012:Kitsch 13871:Toyism 13363:Fluxus 13293:Op art 12862:Mingei 12796:Stupid 12774:Purism 12629:Cubism 12278:Modern 12070:Mughal 11860:Rococo 11465:Gothic 11446:Norman 11370:Viking 11324:Hunnic 11302:Coptic 11117:Minoan 11107:Aegean 11095:Dacian 11047:Modern 10991:Portal 10939:People 10927:Cities 10866:Sinope 10851:Rhizos 10841:Phasis 10791:Bathus 10786:Athina 10771:Amisos 10733:Tanais 10728:Pityus 10653:Charax 10604:Pharos 10599:Orikon 10496:Helike 10486:Alonis 10453:Cyrene 10385:Didyme 10298:Himera 10273:Catana 10235:Sicily 10225:Thurii 10220:Terina 10185:Pixous 10140:Hydrus 10115:Croton 9947:Aeolic 9865:Aphaea 9788:Dodona 9773:Delphi 9742:Temple 9418:Others 9369:Sappho 9354:Pindar 9329:Lucian 9324:Ibycus 9309:Hesiod 9246:Thales 9014:Rulers 8993:People 8970:Xyston 8965:Xiphos 8826:Koinon 8732:Tyrant 8722:Stasis 8712:Koinon 8512:Pontus 8487:Epirus 8456:Sparta 8446:Rhodes 8441:Megara 8436:Thebes 8381:Athens 8307:Pontus 8272:Epirus 8262:Cyprus 8247:Aeolis 8041:about 7920: 7896:, 2004 7883: 7869: 7855: 7841: 7820: 7801: 7787: 7762: 7748: 7727: 7710: 7695: 7681: 7667: 7605: 7568: 7330: 7306: 7209: 7137: 6957: 6553: 6549:: 19. 6524: 6452: 6389: 6243:online 6144: 5823:Celtic 5808:Minoan 5759:Persia 5486:on the 5316:Taoist 5249:Papuan 5215:Muisca 5176:Yoruba 5152:Viking 5107:Celtic 5102:Dacian 5087:Minoan 4995:Indian 4975:Korean 4963:Taiwan 4844:Cubism 4804:Modern 4774:Rococo 4750:Gothic 4559:Hypnos 4374:, and 4356:volute 4280:cameos 4257:herons 4241:scarab 4229:Cyprus 4225:Greece 4219:, and 4209:Pompey 4197:garnet 4161:Mendes 4157:Thmuis 4110:Turkey 4054:Mosaic 4036:mosaic 4023:kausia 3987:mosaic 3932:Gnosis 3849:Athena 3845:mosaic 3751:Aegina 3727:Aegina 3704:Delphi 3663:(from 3644:peplos 3580:diadem 3276:Thebes 3260:Tiryns 3245:Minoan 3153:, the 3128:Delphi 3068:mosaic 3056:fresco 2961:Aegina 2957:Drachm 2831:Thebes 2823:Apollo 2819:Athens 2815:Athena 2759:stater 2743:Athena 2577:Attica 2566:Delphi 2543:tholos 2521:, the 2507:Delphi 2454:Athens 2325:Tarsus 2321:Smyrna 2306:heroon 2265:Attica 2084:, the 1997:, and 1979:; the 1969:, the 1963:sileni 1955:satyrs 1875:Louvre 1818:Metope 1816:South 1795:Hermes 1608:kouroi 1592:Athens 1548:Athens 1504:kouroi 1470:Delphi 1462:Frieze 1398:Museum 1362:Gorgon 1335:metope 1252:kouroi 1218:stucco 1180:stelai 1168:marble 1120:Kouroi 1092:kouroi 1088:kouros 1080:Apollo 1020:Crimea 985:rhyton 798:bronze 747:maenad 695:maenad 661:Douris 657:Athena 622:Athena 555:, and 553:Sicily 487:sphinx 404:krater 355:Athens 339:Aegean 306:hydria 219:vase, 153:Minoan 59:Nereus 28:Athena 13659:2000– 13102:COBRA 12096:Uki-e 12086:Japan 12075:Qajar 11434:Mosan 11240:Roman 11134:Greek 10949:Stoae 10917:Lists 10836:Oinòe 10759:coast 10757:South 10743:Tyras 10713:Olbia 10683:Kepoi 10636:coast 10634:North 10627:basin 10569:Aulon 10531:Rhode 10443:Barca 10333:Naxos 10288:Henna 10248:Akrai 10215:Taras 10200:Siris 10160:Medma 10155:Locri 10120:Cumae 10110:Chone 10088:Italy 9994:Koine 9972:Ionic 9962:Doric 9957:Attic 9778:Delos 9676:Music 9319:Homer 9274:Aesop 9226:Plato 9128:Poets 8798:Ephor 8750:Agora 8727:Tagus 8702:Boule 8451:Samos 8376:Argos 8282:Ionia 8267:Doris 8252:Crete 7655:ed., 7157:(PDF) 7127:(PDF) 6551:JSTOR 5967:Attic 5927:Notes 5790:Korea 5785:Japan 5780:China 5775:India 5429:Naïve 5391:Types 5326:Vodun 5321:Vodou 5291:Hindu 5220:Inuit 5181:Benin 5132:Roman 5117:Greek 5055:Khmer 5005:Newar 4657:Pliny 4622:Japan 4569:from 4480:satyr 4467:Olbia 4253:Chios 4137:askos 4086:Delos 4058:nymph 4056:of a 4040:Pella 4038:from 4003:Pluto 3955:Delos 3943:Pella 3916:Doves 3857:Delos 3803:Pella 3710:from 3676:χρώμα 3665:Greek 3592:motif 3564:China 3460:Hades 3432:Mieza 3380:Mieza 3333:on a 3307:Italy 3209:icons 3157:from 3146:from 3096:Pliny 2883:Syria 2879:Egypt 2871:Lycia 2781:Lydia 2648:Egypt 2604:Ionic 2600:Doric 2581:Paros 2511:agora 2198:Paris 2166:, or 2069:Gauls 2017:Melos 1995:Syria 1991:Egypt 1886:India 1871:Milos 1691:Pliny 1312:Anafi 1310:from 1277:Egypt 1195:ivory 1104:korai 917:from 913:head 691:satyr 649:kylix 645:tondo 573:pyxis 551:from 545:Crete 495:goats 367:Italy 359:Spain 343:Crete 197:cults 81:Hades 67:Giant 63:Doris 13948:Icon 13271:ZERO 13029:and 12926:Asso 12750:Dada 12307:Yōga 11049:and 10876:Tium 10643:Akra 10584:Issa 10278:Gela 10150:Laüs 10125:Elea 9783:Dion 9635:Arts 9625:Wine 9251:Zeno 8848:Wars 8000:--. 7918:ISBN 7881:ISBN 7867:ISBN 7853:ISBN 7839:ISBN 7818:ISBN 7799:ISBN 7785:ISBN 7760:ISBN 7746:ISBN 7725:ISBN 7708:ISBN 7693:ISBN 7679:ISBN 7665:ISBN 7603:ISBN 7593:See 7566:ISBN 7390:lens 7328:ISBN 7304:ISBN 7207:ISBN 7135:ISSN 7051:2017 6955:ISBN 6522:ISBN 6450:ISBN 6387:ISBN 6142:ISBN 5856:Rome 5767:Asia 5412:List 5311:Sikh 5301:Jain 5210:Maya 5191:Luba 5186:Kuba 5171:Igbo 5035:Thai 4593:and 4575:Troy 4561:and 4278:and 4227:and 4211:and 4203:The 4116:and 3889:The 3797:The 3702:and 3672:πολύ 3649:kore 3546:The 3462:and 3262:and 3247:and 3184:and 3169:and 3118:and 2894:and 2817:for 2745:and 2694:The 2678:The 2638:and 2525:and 2515:stoa 2498:arch 2186:The 2158:The 2124:Isis 2078:The 2051:and 1983:and 1934:Rome 1863:The 1584:Zeus 1574:The 1540:The 1517:The 1498:The 1410:The 1279:and 1225:Zeus 1208:and 1100:kore 1076:nude 933:The 865:and 771:and 763:The 655:and 620:and 465:and 446:the 435:the 428:the 421:the 361:and 353:and 263:and 155:and 65:, a 26:and 9580:Law 7357:of 6547:148 5157:Rus 5062:Lao 4866:Pop 4573:of 4084:in 4001:by 3993:in 3893:by 3855:of 3749:on 3594:in 3474:at 3313:at 3305:in 3282:in 3229:at 3200:in 3098:or 3066:in 2959:of 2940:as 2851:in 2829:at 2798:to 2765:of 2761:of 2747:owl 2646:in 2564:at 2533:or 2323:or 2170:of 2071:of 1638:in 1582:or 1082:or 1078:of 439:or 390:". 14116:: 11045:, 8598:c. 8585:c. 8566:c. 8549:c. 8092:. 7833:, 7824:, 7772:, 7736:, 7719:, 7659:, 7550:^ 7218:^ 7174:^ 7129:. 7041:. 6929:^ 6908:^ 6545:. 6427:. 6415:^ 5997:^ 4547:, 4497:. 4469:, 4370:, 4366:, 4358:, 4354:, 4346:, 4342:, 4338:, 4327:. 4313:c. 4259:. 4247:. 4170:; 4165:c. 4104:, 3985:A 3973:. 3899:c. 3886:. 3762:. 3725:, 3714:. 3670:, 3652:, 3625:, 3614:A 3598:; 3562:, 3558:, 3554:, 3490:A 3438:, 3386:, 3298:. 3258:, 3235:c. 3233:, 3204:. 3148:c. 2913:c. 2881:, 2864:c. 2841:. 2821:, 2800:c. 2793:c. 2770:c. 2452:, 2319:, 2291:, 2283:, 2267:, 2196:, 2090:, 1993:, 1957:, 1928:, 1924:, 1904:. 1801:, 1779:, 1737:, 1733:' 1681:. 1590:, 1523:c. 1483:, 1478:c. 1476:, 1468:, 1441:c. 1439:, 1416:c. 1389:c. 1370:c. 1355:c. 1293:c. 1261:, 1256:c. 1250:, 1182:. 1158:, 1013:c. 955:c. 873:, 852:c. 850:, 812:, 728:c. 726:, 699:c. 665:c. 626:c. 624:, 597:, 592:c. 575:, 547:, 408:c. 325:, 320:c. 300:, 221:c. 167:, 132:, 69:, 61:, 40:c. 38:, 30:, 11063:/ 11035:e 11028:t 11021:v 10459:) 10455:( 8596:( 8583:( 8564:( 8558:) 8547:( 8534:/ 8126:e 8119:t 8112:v 7926:. 7766:. 7699:. 7574:. 7392:. 7312:. 7159:. 7141:. 7053:. 6963:. 6557:. 6530:. 6458:. 6150:. 5883:e 5876:t 5869:v 5715:e 5708:t 5701:v 5517:: 5468:e 5461:t 5454:v 4318:. 4159:( 4120:) 3897:( 3729:. 3602:. 2295:. 2279:( 2039:" 1642:. 1353:( 1162:. 1130:(

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index