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401:, in their simultaneous circulars on 27 June 1894, that, among other things, publishers could not issue a cheaper edition in the UK within twelve months of its first acceptance by the libraries. The cheaper illustrated one-volume edition was published within nine months of the three-volume library edition.
635:
This had been the standard format for adult novels, as it suited the circulating libraries, see
Appendix II of Newbolt for a discussion on the economics of the three volume novel. Essentially the circulating libraries demanded that novels be produced in three volumes as this raised the price, thus
365:
was the biggest success, selling 11,000 copies, with most of these shortly after initial publication. Arnold said that the book had a period charm which he found surprising. and suggested that Henty's adult novels, which sold less than his juvenile titles, had been generally underrated.
539:
In his will, Chatto acknowledged fatherhood of four illegitimate children- two sons and two daughters- by his mistress, Catherine (also later "Katharine"), née Heard, wife of Joshua Radway. After her husband's death, she married Chatto in 1899. Katharine died on 11 October 1905.
197:
Publishing on subscription, used more in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, where a number of subscribers agree to buy a copy and the money is used to pay for publication. The publisher might be paid a commission on sales. This was the way in which the Record of the
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Royalties. The publisher takes the risk and agrees to pay royalties on every copy, on every copy over a certain number, on every copy after production costs are met (subject to the risk of inflated costs). Sometimes the royalties could increase after a particular number of
548:
Chatto retired from publishing in 1912, and died 15 March 1913, at his daughter's home. In dying the year after he retired, Chatto was following the example of Windus, who retired from the firm in 1909 and died on 7 June of the following year. Chatto was cremated at
285:. Hotten had spent years in the United States and knew more about American literature than any other publisher in London. He made ruthless use of this knowledge to pirate works by American authors, as few had taken any steps to copyright their work in England.
288:
One of the Hotten's victims was Mark Twain, but Chatto managed to establish good relations with him and they became good friends. Despite his speech, Chatto enjoyed very good relations with Mark Twain. Chatto worked his charm with other authors also, and
384:
in time for the
Christmas market in 1893. Chatto had tremendous belief in Henty, and he ordered a print run of 3,000 for the illustrated edition (he had already printed 500 of the three-volume edition, and 2,000 of a single volume unillustrated
181:
Profit sharing. The publisher runs the risk, although sometimes the author is asked to contribute a fixed amount, and shared the profits with the author. This is subject to the risk that the publisher inflates the costs, to reduce the apparent
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for £20,000, which expanded the range and type of books that he published. His strategy was to dramatically increase the firm's share of the novel market, and be the first choice for novelists. He certainly won the good will of writers.
412:. While an unillustrated three-volume novel was unquestionably for the adult market, the same could not be said of an illustrated single volume. Henty was concerned, and grew even more so in 1899 when Chatto released the book as a
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increasing the attractiveness of libraries against individual purchase, as well as encouraging subscribers to take out a higher-rate subscription (as you could not take out three volumes at a time with the cheaper subscriptions).
380:, without illustrations on 23 February 1893. The initial print run was for 500 copies. Chatto recognised that juveniles were also reading the Henty novels, and he published a single volume edition with eight illustrations by
303:
During the 1880s Chatto was determined to make his firm the leading publisher of novels in London, and set out to dramatically increase their list. He bought the rights to the existing works of popular novelists such as
189:
Publishing on commission. The author takes the risk, pays the costs of publishing, and the publisher takes a commission on each book sold (again subject to the risk of inflated costs). This is nowadays frowned upon as
259:. Windus was a silent partner, leaving the business decisions to Chatto and living for some of the time on the Isle of Man. The two men had probably met when Hotten published Windus's first volume of verse in 1871.
295:
If you don't know that you have a good author, I know I have a good publisher. Your fair, open and handsome dealings are a good point in my life, and do more for my crazy health than has yet been done by any
245:
It is of service to an author to have a lawyer, there is something so disagreeable in having a personal contact with a publisher. It is better to have a lawyer – and lose your case.
982:
G.A. Henty, 1832-1902 : a bibliographical study of his
British editions, with short accounts of his publishers, illustrators and designers, and notes on production methods used for his books
300:
In 1876, Chatto brought in Percy
Spalding to help him manage the firm. Spalding was much more of a financial manager than a literary man, so Chatto was left to decide editorial matters himself.
553:
on 18 March 1913. His estate was valued at just over £14,000. His daughter Isobel retained possession of his papers, including handwritten letters, manuscripts and a few books, and sold them at
262:
When Chatto took over from Hotten, there were a number of legacy problems, resulting in part from Hotten's somewhat shady business practices. In particular, Hotten had alienated the poet
255:
Hotten died suddenly in 1873, and Chatto bought the firm from his widow for £25,000. The money came from
William Edward Windus (1828–1910), the partnership being therefore named
247:
Clearly relations between authors and their publishers were often fraught, and the risk of bad relations increased when publishers were less than honest in their dealings.
178:
for £110 and saw the publisher make a profit of £450 on the first two editions alone. Sometimes the sale of copyright was limited to a number of copies or a number of years.
353:
The story of Rujub the
Juggler illustrates two facets of Chatto's character, his support and encouragement for authors, the reason why Sutherland referred to the firm as
270:
which had sold well. Chatto mended fences by sending
Swinburne a cheque for £50 and a formal request to publish his work. Chatto subsequently published Swinburne's
194:, but it was regarded as a legitimate form of publishing in the 19th century – this was the system that Jane Austen and many other authors of the time used.
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Chatto saw periodicals as another possible outlet for the firm's authors (and for the intellectual property that the firm had bought.) He bought
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Juvenile books were often given as school prizes or
Christmas Gifts, so publishers produced presentation editions for this purpose.
217:
The unwillingness of publishers to accept books on a royalty basis, and even if they did, disagreements on the rates of royalties.
124:(11 November 1840 – 15 March 1913) was an English book publisher known for his role in the book publishing company
645:
The delay to cheaper editions was to enable the circulating libraries to dispose of their extra copies on the second-hand market.
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the year before Chatto joined the firm; Hotten diversified into publishing, with Chatto learned the trade alongside him.
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Disagreement over the value of the copyright, or the failure to publish. Jane Austen bought back the copyright for
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a gentle elderly man with a rolling walk, genially sweet in manner to every member of his staff, and much loved.
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806:
263:
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1019:
778:
Fergus, Jan (1997). "The professional woman writer". In
Copeland, Edward; McMaster, Juliet (eds.).
361:'s ability as a writer for adults. Chatto published four of Henty's eleven adult novels. Of these,
199:
144:(1799–1864) and Margaret Roberts (c. 1804 – April 1852), daughter of Luke Birch, of
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136:
Chatto- known throughout his life as "Dan"- was born on 11 November 1840 at 55, Pratt Street,
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Outright sale of copyright. The publisher took the whole risk, but could make large profits.
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The Other
Victorians: A Study of Sexuality and Pornography in Mid-Nineteenth-Century England
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painter William Lucas Windus (1822–1907). Windus the poet also painted watercolours.
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Chatto has agreed to the condition, set by the two largest circulating libraries,
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At the time, there were five ways in which books might be published: There were:
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Chatto and Windus: A Brief Account of the Firm's Origin, History and Development
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by paying him little if any of the profits from the publication of his
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Ripon Millenary 1886, Illustrated by John Jellicoe and Herbert Railton
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edition.) Chatto's actions sailed close to the wind on two accounts:
236:
1030:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press – via The
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Hotten was also a pornographer, while still remaining respectable.
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after the publisher whom she had sold it to had not published it.
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not only an active and successful publisher, but an honest one
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Increasing access to good literature through low cost editions
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to have induced a group of authors to drink to the health of
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London, third of five sons and three daughters of the author
890:
Marcus, Steven (1985). "Pisanus Fraxi, Pornographer Royal".
1094:
Held Fast for England: G. A. Henty, Imperialist Boys Writer
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Conflicts arose between publishers and authors because of:
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Peters, Catherine. "The Law and the Lady (1874-1879)".
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It had been published as a newspaper serial in 1892 in
684:
Weedon, Alexis (2004). "Chatto, Andrew (1840–1913)".
732:. Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey: Humanities Press.
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786:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.
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595:While Henty has hugely successful as an author of
148:. Aged 15, he joined the book-selling business of
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898:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. pp.
220:Disagreements on amounts of the publishers costs.
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239:on the basis that he had once shot a publisher.
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915:The King of Inventors: A Life of Wilkie Collins
599:he had less success with his novels for adults.
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573:Sometimes confused with the diffident English
243:told the Authors' Club in London in 1899 that
231:(1777–1844) is said, during the height of the
1135:"In the Days of the Mutiny: A military novel"
1119:The Sydney Morning Herald (Sydney, Australia)
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342:, who worked at the firm, recalls Chatto as:
1167:(Wednesday 01 November 1893): 4. 1893-11-01.
1057:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
960:
928:Ezra Greenspan; Jonathan Rose (2003-09-01).
690:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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1026:The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction
1008:. New York: Doubleday & Co. p. 50.
833:Birmingham Daily Post (Birmingham, England)
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1179:"Last Will and Testament of Andrew Chatto"
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404:Henty was under an exclusive contract for
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1211:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
1140:The Boston Globe (Boston, Massachusetts)
1121:(Saturday 09 April 1892): 8. 1892-04-09.
853:(Thursday 09 June 1910): 13. 1910-06-09.
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835:(Thursday 10 March 1887): 4. 1887-03-10.
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324:and its associated annual. He published
16:English publisher and editor (1840–1913)
1090:Arnold, Guy (1980). "The Henty Range".
1054:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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687:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
330:from 1892 to 1911, and he also handled
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1098:. London: Hamish Hamilton. pp.
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348:
1132:Henty, George Alfred (1892-06-25).
357:. Chatto recognised and encouraged
13:
1161:"Chatto and Windus's New Novels".
1048:"Henty, George Alfred (1832–1902)"
912:
813:. Ripon: W. Harrison. pp. iii
14:
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936:. Penn State Press. p. 179.
277:Peters contrasted Chatto who was
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986:. Brookfield, Vt.: Scholar Press
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172:for example sold the rights of
105:Honest dealing with his authors
930:"The Case of Frank Swinnerton"
879:. London: Chatto & Windus.
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223:Delays in payments to authors.
1:
1045:Newbolt, Peter (2006-05-25).
661:
543:
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1077:UK public library membership
704:UK public library membership
283:who was something of a rogue
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1246:19th-century English people
763:Sprigge, S. Squire (1890).
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1004:Swinnerton, Frank (1952).
264:Algernon Charles Swinburne
1241:Chatto & Windus books
1142:(Saturday 25 June 1892):
767:. London: Henry Glaisher.
765:The Methods of Publishing
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333:The Gentleman's Magazine
281:, compared with Hotten,
200:Ripon Millenary Festival
1164:London Evening Standard
978:Newbolt, Peter (1996).
871:Warner, Oliver (1973).
724:Welland, Denis (1978).
340:Frank Arthur Swinnerton
160:The publishing industry
1063:10.1093/ref:odnb/33827
696:10.1093/ref:odnb/47445
291:Robert Louis Stevenson
202:was published in 1892.
805:Harrison, W. (1892).
728:Mark Twain in England
142:William Andrew Chatto
849:"Mr. W. E. Windus".
414:presentation edition
1183:Find a Will Service
831:"News of the Day".
257:Chatto & Windus
251:Chatto & Windus
175:Pride and Prejudice
126:Chatto & Windus
1006:A Bookman's London
917:. pp. 369–70.
378:three-volume novel
363:Rujub, the Juggler
268:Poems and Ballads,
150:John Camden Hotten
1075:(Subscription or
702:(Subscription or
349:Rujub the Juggler
314:Henry George Bohn
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1187:. Retrieved
1185:. 1909-04-05
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614:Sydney Echo
359:G. A. Henty
170:Jane Austen
138:Camden Town
55:Camden Town
1220:Categories
1189:2020-06-12
1079:required.)
1068:2020-05-19
990:2020-05-19
949:2020-05-22
817:2020-03-27
745:2020-08-05
706:required.)
662:References
557:in 1916.
544:Later life
241:Mark Twain
154:Piccadilly
132:Early life
86:Occupation
47:1840-11-11
851:The Times
807:"Preface"
610:Australia
555:Sotheby's
327:The Idler
227:The poet
97:1855–1912
89:Publisher
80:, England
1022:(1989).
528:Page 329
514:Page 305
500:Page 273
486:Page 221
472:Page 182
458:Page 170
444:Page 075
430:Page 011
387:colonial
272:Bothwell
237:Napoleon
1209:on the
612:in the
397:'s and
296:doctor.
186:copies.
182:profit.
74:Radlett
1073:
940:
736:
700:
293:said:
561:Notes
408:with
399:Mudie
395:Smith
376:, or
370:Rujub
306:Ouida
212:Susan
938:ISBN
902:-73.
734:ISBN
308:and
63:Died
41:Born
1059:doi
692:doi
620:in
1222::
1181:.
1138:.
1100:87
1051:.
962:^
932:.
900:67
859:^
841:^
809:.
788:21
712:^
670:^
336:.
274:.
128:.
76:,
1192:.
1150:.
1144:3
1106:.
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45:(
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