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202:, Hallidie was consulted over the rapid rate of wear on the ropes used to lower cars of rock from the mine to the mill. These ropes were wearing out in 75 days. Hallidie improvised machinery to make a replacement wire rope to his father's design, which lasted two years, and in the process began wire rope manufacture in California.
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There is also doubt as to when exactly the first run of the cable car occurred. The franchise required the first run no later than August 1, 1873, but at least one source reports that the run took place a day late, on August 2, although the city chose not to void the franchise. Some accounts say that
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Also in 1863, Hallidie married Martha
Elizabeth Woods. They had no children. The following year, he became a US citizen, and in 1865, he gave up bridge building and devoted himself entirely to his wire rope manufacturing business, which was experiencing increased demand from
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The Clay Street line started regular service on
September 1, 1873, and was a financial success. In addition, Hallidie's patents on the cable car design were stringently enforced on cable car promoters around the world and made him a rich man.
296:, failed to raise the necessary capital. In another version, Hallidie was the instigator, inspired by a desire to reduce the suffering incurred by the horses that hauled streetcars up Jackson Street, from Kearny to Stockton Street.
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the first gripman hired by
Hallidie looked down the steep hill from Jones and refused to operate the car, so Hallidie took the grip himself and ran the car down the hill and up again without any problems.
156:, Dumfriesshire and his father, Andrew Smith (a prolific inventor in his own right, responsible for inventing the first box door spring, a floor cramp and had an early patent for wire rope) was born in
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Accounts differ as to exactly how involved
Hallidie was in the inception of the Clay Street Hill Railway. One version has him taking over the promotion of the line when the original promoter,
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used for transporting ore and other materials across mountainous districts, which he successfully installed in a number of locations and later patented.
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operated by his older brother
Archibald. In 1852 at age 16 father and son sailed for California, where the father had an interest in some
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Hallidie died on April 24, 1900, at the age of 64 of heart disease at his San
Francisco residence. He was buried at
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system, and
Hallidie is often therefore regarded as the inventor of the cable car and father of the present day
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Hallidie was also heavily involved in bridge building: from 1861 to 1862, he constructed bridges across the
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in 1864 and president from 1868 to 1877 and from 1893 to 1895. In 1873, Hallidie stood for election to the
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Andrew Smith
Hallidie was born Andrew Smith, later adopting the name Hallidie in honor of his uncle,
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to
California, and at an early age was a prolific builder of bridges in the Californian interior.
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124:(March 16, 1836 – April 24, 1900) was an American entrepreneur who was the promoter of the
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Hallidie occupied many positions in San
Francisco society. He served as a regent of the
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Hallidie abandoned mining in 1857 and returned to San Francisco. Under the name of
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American railway entrepreneur who conceived of the San Francisco cable car system
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416:(an office building in the city's Financial District) are named after him.
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from 1868 until his death, and as a trustee and vice-president of the
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Appletons' annual cyclopaedia and register of important events. 1897
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Hallidie Plaza in San Francisco is named after Andrew Smith Hallidie
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412:(near the Powell and Market Street cable car turntable) and the
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in 1883 with Hallidie as president. In 1895, it was sold to
497:. Hathi Library: D Appleton and Company. 1898. p. 743.
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In 1867, Hallidie invented the Hallidie ropeway, a form of
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At age 13 the younger Smith was initially apprenticed to a
446:. California Historical Society Quarterly. Archived from
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in San Francisco. This was the world's first practical
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474:"Who Was Important in the History of the Cable Car?"
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194:In 1856, while working on the construction of a
303:The named engineer of the Clay Street line was
253:Rivers. In 1863, he built a bridge across the
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440:"Cable Car Inventor - Andrew Hallidie - 1873"
570:. City Of Edinburgh Council. Archived from
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614:British emigrants to the United States
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619:Burials at Cypress Lawn Memorial Park
599:19th-century American businesspeople
508:Kastler, Deanna L. (July 22, 2010).
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377:A. S. Hallidie & Co. became the
342:Hallidie served as a trustee of the
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564:"Americans who came from Scotland"
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333:San Francisco Mechanics Institute
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438:Kahn, Edgar Myron (June 1940).
609:American railway entrepreneurs
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356:California Academy of Sciences
134:San Francisco cable car system
103:San Francisco cable car system
101:and father of the present day
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551:San Francisco Bay Area portal
514:Encyclopedia of San Francisco
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360:California Historical Society
352:American Geographical Society
348:American Society of Inventors
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77:San Francisco, California, US
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472:Thompson, Joe (1998–2004).
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604:American railroad pioneers
399:Cypress Lawn Memorial Park
126:Clay Street Hill Railroad
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88:Clay Street Hill Railroad
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629:History of San Francisco
560:Edinburgh City Libraries
329:University of California
212:A. S. Hallidie & Co.
191:and builder of bridges.
337:California State Senate
405:, California by 1941.
344:First Unitarian Church
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383:Washburn and Moen Co.
379:California Wire Works
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206:Wire rope and bridges
164:, Scotland, in 1798.
122:Andrew Smith Hallidie
25:Andrew Smith Hallidie
562:(January 12, 2002).
395:Laurel Hill Cemetery
305:William Eppelsheimer
150:Sir Andrew Hallidie
574:on April 16, 2005.
408:In San Francisco,
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414:Hallidie Building
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568:edinburgh.gov.uk
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231:American River
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74:(aged 64)
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572:the original
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477:. Retrieved
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162:Dumfrieshire
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44:Andrew Smith
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594:1900 deaths
589:1836 births
524:October 14,
362:and of the
227:Nevada City
583:Categories
454:August 11,
420:References
288:Cable cars
247:Stanislaus
223:Weitchpeck
185:blacksmith
177:gold mines
144:Early life
83:Occupation
70:1900-04-25
50:1836-03-16
154:Lockerbie
138:wire rope
130:cable car
109:Relatives
99:cable car
251:Tuolumne
189:surveyor
479:May 27,
374:clubs.
368:Olympic
273:on the
243:Trinity
158:Fleming
115:(uncle)
68: (
372:Sierra
370:, and
249:, and
235:Folsom
403:Colma
225:, at
196:flume
526:2022
481:2005
456:2017
259:Yale
239:Bear
171:and
63:Died
40:Born
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