Aneurysm - Knowledge

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applied. In the same vein, an unhealthy blood vessel has elastic instabilities that lead to rupture. Initially, for a given radius and pressure, stiffness of the material increases linearly. At a certain point, the stiffness of the arterial wall starts to decrease with increasing load. At higher strain values, the area under the curve increases, thus increasing the impact on the material that would promote crack propagation. The differences in the mechanical properties of the aneurysmal blood vessels and the healthy blood vessels stem from the compositional differences of the vessels. Compared to normal aortas, aneurysmal aortas have a much higher volume fraction of collagen and ground substance (54.8% vs. 95.6%) and a much lower volume fraction of elastin (22.7% vs. 2.4%) and smooth muscles (22.6% vs. 2.2%), which contribute to higher initial stiffness. It was also found that the ultimate tensile strength, or the strength to withstand rupture, of aneurysmal vessel wall is 50% lower than that of normal aortas. The wall strength of ruptured aneurysmal aortic wall was also found to be 54.2 N/cm, which is much lower than that of a repaired aorta wall, 82.3 N/cm. Due to the change in composition of the arterial wall, aneurysms overall have much lower strength to resist rupture. Predicting the risk of rupture is difficult due to the regional anisotropy the hardened blood vessels exhibit, meaning that the stress and strength values vary depending on the region and the direction of the vessel they are measured along.

287: 853: 589: 1052:. Some researchers treat blood as a Newtonian fluid instead, as it sometimes has negligible effects to the analysis in large vessels. When analyzing small vessels though, such as those present in intracranial aneurysms. Similarly, sometimes it is difficult to model the varying wall thickness in small vessels, so researchers treat wall thickness as constant. Researchers make these assumptions to reduce computational time. Nonetheless, making erroneous assumptions could lead to a misdiagnosis that could put a patient's life at risk. 835:). Unlike crystalline materials whose linear elastic region follows Hooke's Law under uniaxial loading, many biomaterials exhibit a J-shaped stress-strain curve which is non-linear and concave up. The blood vessel can be under large strain, or the amount of stretch the blood vessel can undergo, for a range of low applied stress before fracture, as shown by the lower part of the curve. The area under the curve up to a given strain is much lower than that for the equivalent Hookean curve, which is correlated to toughness. 580: 1040:. Conversely, another risk of aneurysms is the creation of clots. Aneurysms create a pocket which diverts blood flow. This diverted blood flow creates a vortex inside of the aneurysm. This vortex can lead to areas inside of the aneurysm where the blood flow is stagnant, which promotes formations of clots. Blood clots can dislodge from the aneurysm, which can then lead to an embolism when the clot gets stuck and disrupts blood flow. Model analysis allows these risky aneurysms to be identified and treated. 965: 1036:(CFD) to predict whether an aneurysm is benign or if it is at risk of complication. One risk is rupture. Analyzing the velocity and pressure profiles of the blood flow leads to obtaining the resulting wall shear stress on the vessel and aneurysm wall. The neck of the aneurysm is the most at risk due to the combination of a small wall thickness and high wall shear stress. When the wall shear stress reaches its limit, the aneurysm ruptures, leading to 973:

vascular stumps and then expanded up to the most appropriate diameter and permanently fixed there by external ligature. New devices were recently developed to substitute the external ligature by expandable ring allowing use in acute ascending aorta dissection, providing airtight (i.e. not dependent on the coagulation integrity), easy and quick anastomosis extended to the arch concavity Less invasive endovascular techniques allow covered metallic

239: 1024: 71: 876:(CTA) is an alternative to traditional angiography and can be performed without the need for arterial catheterization. This test combines a regular CT scan with a contrast dye injected into a vein. Once the dye is injected into a vein, it travels to the cerebral arteries, and images are created using a CT scan. These images show exactly how blood flows into the brain arteries. 972:

For aneurysms in the aorta, arms, legs, or head, the weakened section of the vessel may be replaced by a bypass graft that is sutured at the vascular stumps. Instead of sewing, the graft tube ends, made rigid and expandable by nitinol wireframe, can be easily inserted in its reduced diameter into the

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is defined as the amount of energy per unit volume material can absorb before rupturing. Because the amount of energy released is proportional to the amount of crack propagation, the blood vessel wall can withstand pressure and is "tough". Thus, healthy blood vessels with the mechanical properties of

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Thenier-Villa, José Luis; Riveiro Rodríguez, Antonio; Martínez-Rolán, Rosa María; Gelabert-González, Miguel; González-Vargas, Pedro Miguel; Galarraga Campoverde, Raúl Alejandro; Díaz Molina, Jorge; De La Lama Zaragoza, Adolfo; Martínez-Cueto, Pedro; Pou, Juan; Conde Alonso, Cesáreo (1 October 2018).

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a patient's body to create a 3D computer model that possesses the correct geometry. Aneurysms can now be modeled with their distinctive "balloon" shape. Nowadays researchers are optimizing the parameters required to accurately model a patient's aneurysm that will lead to a successful intervention.

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in 1989. It consists of passing a catheter into the femoral artery in the groin, through the aorta, into the brain arteries, and finally into the aneurysm itself. Platinum coils initiate a clotting reaction within the aneurysm that, if successful, fills the aneurysm dome and prevents its rupture. A

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Incidence rates are two to three times higher in males, while there are more large and giant aneurysms and fewer multiple aneurysms. Intracranial hemorrhages are 1.6 times more likely to be due to aneurysms than cerebral arteriovenous malformations in whites, but four times less in certain Asian

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Renal aneurysms are very rare consisting of only 0.1–0.09% while rupture is even more rare. Conservative treatment with control of concomitant hypertension being the primary option with aneurysms smaller than 3 cm. If symptoms occur, or enlargement of the aneurysm, then endovascular or open

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Blood vessels with aneurysms, on the other hand, are under the influence of an S-shaped stress-strain curve. As a visual aid, aneurysms can be understood as a long, cylindrical balloon. Because it's a tight balloon under pressure, it can pop at any time stress beyond a certain force threshold is

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Incidence rates of cranial aneurysms are estimated at between 0.4% and 3.6%. Those without risk factors have expected prevalence of 2–3%. In adults, females are more likely to have aneurysms. They are most prevalent in people ages 35 – 60 but can occur in children as well. Aneurysms are rare in

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infection. Connective tissue disorders such as Loeys-Dietz syndrome, Marfan syndrome, and certain forms of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are also associated with aneurysms. Aneurysms, dissections, and ruptures in individuals under 40 years of age are a major diagnostic criteria of the vascular form of

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diameter, but involve other geometrical and mechanical nuances such as local thickness and wall stress. In recent years, endovascular or minimally invasive techniques have been developed for many types of aneurysms. Aneurysm clips are used for surgical procedure i.e. clipping of aneurysms.

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Symptoms can occur when the aneurysm pushes on a structure in the brain. Symptoms will depend on whether an aneurysm has ruptured or not. There may be no symptoms present at all until the aneurysm ruptures. For an aneurysm that has not ruptured the following symptoms can occur:

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Aneurysms can also be classified by their macroscopic shapes and sizes and are described as either saccular or fusiform. The shape of an aneurysm is not specific for a specific disease. The size of the base or neck is useful in determining the chance of for example

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is an aneurysm that results from an infectious process that involves the arterial wall. A person with a mycotic aneurysm has a bacterial infection in the wall of an artery, resulting in the formation of an aneurysm. One of the causes of mycotic aneurysms is

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Aneurysmal blood vessels are prone to rupture under normal blood pressure and flow due to the special mechanical properties that make them weaker. To better understand this phenomenon, we can first look at healthy arterial vessels which exhibit

775:. The most common locations include arteries in the abdomen, thigh, neck, and arm. A mycotic aneurysm can result in sepsis, or life-threatening bleeding if the aneurysm ruptures. Less than 3% of abdominal aortic aneurysms are mycotic aneurysms. 254:

Saccular aneurysms, or "berry" aneurysms, are spherical in shape and involve only a portion of the vessel wall; they usually range from 5 to 20 cm (2.0 to 7.9 in) in diameter, and are often filled, either partially or fully, by a

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Cronenwett JL, Murphy TF, Zelenock GB, Whitehouse WM, Lindenauer SM, Graham LM, Quint LE, Silver TM, Stanley JC (September 1985). "Actuarial analysis of variables associated with rupture of small abdominal aortic aneurysms".

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Fusiform aneurysms ("spindle-shaped" aneurysms) are variable in both their diameter and length; their diameters can extend up to 20 cm (7.9 in). They often involve large portions of the ascending and transverse

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Modeling of aneurysms consists of creating a 3D model that mimics a particular aneurysm. Using patient data for the blood velocity, and blood pressure, along with the geometry of the aneurysm, researchers can apply

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Lysyl oxidases : cloning and characterization of the fourth and the fifth human lysyl oxidase isoenzymes, and the consequences of a targeted inactivaton of the first described lysyl oxidase isoenzyme in

120:. As an aneurysm increases in size, the risk of rupture, which leads to uncontrolled bleeding, increases. Although they may occur in any blood vessel, particularly lethal examples include aneurysms of the 1972:

Byers PH. Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. 1999 Sep 2 . In: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, et al., editors. GeneReviews® . Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993–2020. Available from:

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Uflacker R. Interventional management of visceral artery aneurysms. In: Strandness DE, ed. Vascular Diseases: Surgical & Interventional Therapy. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1994:823–844.

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Most patients, particularly infants, present with subarachnoid hemorrhage and corresponding headaches or neurological deficits. The mortality rate for pediatric aneurysms is lower than in adults.

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is around 2 cm), or more than 50% of normal diameter that of a healthy individual of the same sex and age. If the outer diameter exceeds 5.5 cm, the aneurysm is considered to be large.

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Raja PV, Huang J, Germanwala AV, Gailloud P, Murphy KP, Tamargo RJ (June 2008). "Microsurgical clipping and endovascular coiling of intracranial aneurysms: a critical review of the literature".

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In the past, aneurysms were modeled as rigid spheres with linear inlets and outlets. As technology advances, the ability to detect and analyze aneurysms becomes easier. Researchers are able to

896:(AAA), the decision does not come without significant risk and cost, hence, there is a great interest in identifying more advanced decision-making approaches that are not solely based on the 462:

Abdominal aortic aneurysms are commonly divided according to their size and symptomatology. An aneurysm is usually defined as an outer aortic diameter over 3 cm (normal diameter of the

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children with a reported prevalence of .5% to 4.6%. The most common incidence is among 50-year-olds, and there are typically no warning signs. Most aneurysms develop after the age of 40.

615:. A segment of the aorta that is found to be greater than 50% larger than that of a healthy individual of the same sex and age is considered aneurysmal. Abdominal aneurysms are usually 818:, a key component in vessel walls. Copper deficiency results in vessel wall thinning, and thus has been noted as a cause of death in copper-deficient humans, chickens, and turkeys. 1003:

Pediatric aneurysms have different incidences and features than adult aneurysms. Intracranial aneurysms are rare in childhood, with over 95% of all aneurysms occurring in adults.

211:, is a collection of blood leaking completely out of an artery or vein but confined next to the vessel by the surrounding tissue. This blood-filled cavity will eventually either 1589:"A Cough Deteriorating Gross Hematuria: A Clinical Sign of a Forthcoming Life-Threatening Rupture of an Intraparenchymal Aneurysm of Renal Artery (Wunderlich's Syndrome)" 919:: surgical clipping or endovascular coiling. There is currently debate in the medical literature about which treatment is most appropriate given particular situations. 753:

Aneurysms form for a variety of interacting reasons. Multiple factors, including factors affecting a blood vessel wall and the blood through the vessel, contribute.

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Juvela S, Porras M, Poussa K (May 2008). "Natural history of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: probability of and risk factors for aneurysm rupture".

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to expose the aneurysm and closing the base or neck of the aneurysm with a clip. The surgical technique has been modified and improved over the years.

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Schorn B, Falk V, Dalichau H, et al. (1997). "Kidney salvage in a case of ruptured renal artery aneurysm: case report and literature review".

2885:"Expandable device type III for easy and reliable approximation of dissection layers in sutureless aortic anastomosis. Ex vivo experimental study" 2844:"Expandable device type III for easy and reliable approximation of dissection layers in sutureless aortic anastomosis. Ex vivo experimental study" 1027:

Vortex formation inside an aneurysm. 1- Blood flow inlet. 2- Vortex formation inside aneurysm. Velocity at center is near zero. 3- Blood flow exit

1986: 3267:"Application of Patient-Specific Computational Fluid Dynamics in Coronary and Intra-Cardiac Flow Simulations: Challenges and Opportunities" 2303:

Tilson MD (September 1982). "Decreased hepatic copper levels. A possible chemical marker for the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms in man".

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Senapati A, Carlsson LK, Fletcher CD, Browse NL, Thompson RP (May 1985). "Is tissue copper deficiency associated with aortic aneurysms?".

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Sarrami-Foroushani, Ali; Lassila, Toni; Hejazi, Seyed Mostafa; Nagaraja, Sanjoy; Bacon, Andrew; Frangi, Alejandro F. (25 June 2019).

259:.Saccular aneurysms have a "neck" that connects the aneurysm to its main ("parent") artery, a larger, rounded area, called the dome. 3618: 2072: 4666: 2502:

Thubrikar MJ, Labrosse M, Robicsek F, Al-Soudi J, Fowler B (2001). "Mechanical properties of abdominal aortic aneurysm wall".

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Currie S, Mankad K, Goddard A (January 2011). "Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms: review of current practice".

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Cross-section of an arterial aneurysm, showing most of the area consisting of organized mural thrombus (tan-brown area)

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Li JW, Wang SM, Chen XD (August 2004). "Management of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm due to addictive drug injection".

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Ruptured 7 mm left vertebral artery aneurysm resulting in a subarachnoid hemorrhage as seen on a CT scan with contrast

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repair should be considered. Pregnant women (due to high rupture risk of up to 80%) should be treated surgically.

4872: 4716: 4019: 3880: 3374:"Hemodynamic Changes in the Treatment of Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study". 1184: 1048:

Current modeling is not able to take into account all variables though. For example, blood is considered to be a

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the J-shaped stress-strain curve have greater stability against aneurysms than materials with linear elasticity.

286: 4338: 3326:"An impact of non-Newtonian blood viscosity on hemodynamics in a patient-specific model of a cerebral aneurysm" 1587:

Anastasiou I, Katafigiotis I, Pournaras C, Fragkiadis E, Leotsakos I, Mitropoulos D, Constantinides CA (2013).

1066: 864:(CT) scan. If the CT scan is negative but a ruptured aneurysm is still suspected based on clinical findings, a 760:, further weakening the vessel wall. Without treatment, these aneurysms will ultimately progress and rupture. 5071: 4877: 4150: 3169:"Three-dimensional finite volume modelling of blood flow in simulated angular neck abdominal aortic aneurysm" 1504:"Mechanical and geometrical determinants of wall stress in abdominal aortic aneurysms: A computational study" 723: 371: 329: 2049:

Author: Jonathan L Brisman. Coauthors: Emad Soliman, Abraham Kader, Norvin Perez. Updated: 23 September 2010

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Diagnosis of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm is commonly made by finding signs of subarachnoid hemorrhage on a

204:(aneurysms that involve all layers of the attenuated wall of the heart are also considered true aneurysms). 4736: 4455: 4375: 4080: 1033: 3265:

Zhong, Liang; Zhang, Jun-Mei; Su, Boyang; Tan, Ru San; Allen, John C.; Kassab, Ghassan S. (26 June 2018).

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wall. Aneurysms may be a result of a hereditary condition or an acquired disease. Aneurysms can also be a

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Angiography of an aneurysm in a brain artery. The aneurysm is the large bulge in the center of the image.

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to being found incidentally on X-ray. Symptoms will differ by the site of the aneurysm and can include:

5120: 4846: 4779: 4571: 4222: 4197: 4014: 3943: 3873: 3218:"A computational model for prediction of clot platelet content in flow-diverted intracranial aneurysms" 1187:

died of a brain aneurysm at his daughter's wedding, hosted at his theme park, Blackpool Pleasure Beach.

1172: 1080: 612: 298: 3120:"Finite element model of size, shape and blood pressure on rupture of intracranial saccular aneurysms" 884:

Historically, the treatment of arterial aneurysms has been limited to either surgical intervention or

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Vu, K; Kaitoukov, Y; Morin-Roy, F; Kauffmann, C; Tang, A; Giroux, C; Therasse, E; Soulez, G (2014).

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died from an aortic rupture in the abdominal area days after having undergone apparently successful

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Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, Bakal CW, Creager MA, Halperin JL, et al. (September 2006).

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had an aneurysm in 1989 and has worn a batting helmet on the field all of his career since then.

4608: 4591: 4586: 4576: 4417: 4353: 3995: 3896: 2384: 1934: 1695: 1663: 930: 910: 772: 3853: 852: 5066: 4795: 4613: 4358: 4217: 4209: 4177: 4064: 3372: 1725: 1072: 406: 201: 137: 4651: 3184: 2888: 2555:"Rupture signs on computed tomography, treatment, and outcome of abdominal aortic aneurysms" 2148: 1926: 1687: 1069:, had two brain aneurysms in 1988. He recovered after successful surgeries to correct them. 4826: 4527: 4522: 4326: 4118: 3692: 3636: 3337: 3180: 3131: 1515: 940: 603:

Abdominal aortic aneurysm involves a regional dilation of the aorta and is diagnosed using

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Rucker RB, Kosonen T, Clegg MS, Mitchell AE, Rucker BR, Uriu-Hare JY, Keen CL (May 1998).

1900: 579: 395:, which may suddenly grow larger and darker and become blue-black or black as a result of 8: 5089: 4967: 4905: 4816: 4603: 4370: 3802: 3193: 3168: 3144: 3119: 2340:"Copper salts for growth stimulation and alleviation of aortic rupture losses in turkeys" 2316: 1049: 869: 687: 608: 588: 470: 272: 3341: 3135: 3054:

Lumsden AB, Salam TA, Walton KG (1996). "Renal artery an?eurysm: a report of 28 cases".

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to be inserted through the arteries of the leg and deployed across the aneurysm.

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https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-infected-mycotic-arterial-aneurysm

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A true aneurysm is one that involves all three layers of the wall of an artery (

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A minority of aneurysms are associated with genetic factors. Examples include:

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Tham G, Ekelund L, Herrlin K, Lindstedt EL, Olin T, Bergentz SE (March 1983).

2928: 2860: 2843: 2771: 2657:"History of endovascular endosaccular occlusion of brain aneurysms: 1965–1990" 2570: 2515: 160:: ἀνεύρυσμα, aneurysma, "dilation", from ἀνευρύνειν, aneurynein, "to dilate". 5109: 4422: 4085: 3452: 3395: 3359: 3292: 3283: 3243: 3202: 3153: 3093: 2754: 2721: 2523: 2480: 2196: 2179: 1439: 1202: 1196: 1190: 1150: 1076: 953: 808: 4249: 3792: 1146: 409:, also known as intracranial or brain aneurysms, occur most commonly in the 4563: 4475: 4290: 3980: 3923: 3470: 3403: 3310: 3251: 2937: 2869: 2828: 2780: 2739: 2690: 2641: 2588: 2531: 2488: 2273: 2133: 2115: 2033: 1885: 1842: 1801: 1624: 1547: 1447: 1412: 1385: 1358:

Norwood MG, Lloyd GM, Moore S, Patel N, Panditi S, Sayers RD (April 2004).

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that punctures the artery, such as knife and bullet wounds, as a result of

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Kent KC (November 2014). "Clinical practice. Abdominal aortic aneurysms".

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Azar D, Ohadi D, Rachev A, Eberth JF, Uline MJ, Shazly T (February 2018).

1279: 4628: 4024: 3848: 2411:"The composition and mechanical properties of abdominal aortic aneurysms" 2365: 2221:"Lysyl oxidase: properties, regulation and multiple functions in biology" 1586: 1168: 1108: 974: 659: 264: 215:(clot) enough to seal the leak or rupture out of the surrounding tissue. 3425:

Sforza, Daniel M.; Putman, Christopher M.; Cebral, Juan R. (June 2012).

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The pressure of blood within the expanding aneurysm may also injure the

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Aneurysm presentation may range from life-threatening complications of

396: 185: 113: 3775: 101: 5020: 4298: 4039: 3975: 3931: 3914: 3909: 3650:(Interview). Interviewed by Paul McJones. Mountain View, California: 3444: 3432:

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering

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a J-shaped stress-strain curve with high strength and high toughness

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but in rare cases can cause lower back pain or lower limb ischemia.

238: 4811: 4512: 4051: 3985: 3936: 3670: 3602: 782: 683: 671: 256: 212: 193: 117: 42: 38: 1264: 1023: 384:, including renal artery aneurysms and intraparenchymal aneurysms. 4943: 3513:"Article: Lucille Ball, Pioneer of Television Comedy, Dies at 77" 2501: 2455:"Biomechanical Determinants of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture" 1208: 1044: 815: 651: 3582:"World Leaders to Gather in Paris to Honour General de Gaulle". 4686: 3905: 3787: 811: 538: 388: 381: 306: 177: 2259: 1401:

Chinese Journal of Traumatology = Zhonghua Chuang Shang Za Zhi

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Algabri, Y. A.; Rookkapan, S.; Chatpun, S. (September 2017).

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The large vessels such as external and internal jugular veins

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http://ijomcr.net/saccular-aneurysm-of-external-jugularvein/

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had an aneurysm and missed most of the 1996 baseball season.

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Specific infective causes associated with aneurysm include:

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Lindholt JS, Juul S, Fasting H, Henneberg EW (April 2005).

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Aneurysms are classified by type, morphology, or location.

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Aluffi A, Berti A, Buniva P, Rescigno G, Nazari S (2002).

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or arterial grafting, or use of an artery for injection.

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

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Vorp, David A.; Geest, Jonathan P. Vande (August 2005).

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Schueler SJ, Beckett JH, Gettings S (13 November 2011).

1814: 3166: 2998:"Renal artery aneurysms. Natural history and prognosis" 2337: 2070: 1985:

Schueler SJ, Beckett JH, Gettings DS (18 August 2010).

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died from a ruptured aneurysm in his abdomen at age 52.

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Guenthner E, Carlson CW, Emerick RJ (September 1978).

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James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005).

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died from an aneurysm in his brain's right hemisphere.

136:. Aneurysms can arise in the heart itself following a 3667:"John Ritter's widow talks about wrongful death suit" 1924: 1501: 1364:

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

1360:"The changing face of femoral artery false aneurysms" 744:, secondary to congenital arteriovenous malformations 583:

Illustration depicting location of abdominal aneurysm

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Liepsch, D.; Sindeev, S.; Frolov, S. (August 2018).

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Aneurysms can also be classified by their location:

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Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology

1425: 3708:"Report: Isabel Granada in coma in Qatar hospital" 3424: 3053: 2960: 2459:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 2011: 1960:Introduction to Neurogenic Communication Disorders 144:and atrial septal aneurysms. There are congenital 3477: 3427:"Computational fluid dynamics in brain aneurysms" 1974:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK1494/ 5107: 3598:"US Diplomat Holbrooke dies after tearing arota" 2218: 1920: 1918: 1821:Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 1306:(8th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier. 3264: 2916:Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery 2848:Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery 2759:Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery 2104:Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery 2098:Paulo N, Cascarejo J, Vouga L (February 2012). 1857: 807:, which results in a decreased activity of the 387:Capillary aneurysms are flesh-colored solitary 3113: 3111: 1929:Davidson's principles and practice of medicine 1898: 1133:died from a ruptured aneurysm within his neck. 915:There are currently two treatment options for 4667: 3881: 3761:Brain aneurysm and percent packing calculator 2956: 2954: 1915: 1660:International Journal of Medical Case Reports 1297: 1295: 1293: 1291: 1289: 2495: 2448: 2446: 2409:He, Chang M.; Roach, Margot R. (July 1994). 2100:"Syphilitic aneurysm of the ascending aorta" 1761: 1759: 1217:died from a brain aneurysm in December 2022. 1105:whilst filming a football television series. 732:autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease 599:Abdominal aneurysm § Signs and symptoms 3695:. people.com. 18 September 2003. p. 2. 3117: 3108: 2704:Lv X, Yang H, Liu P, Li Y (February 2016). 2703: 2379: 2377: 2375: 1925:Walker BR, Colledge NR, Ralston SH (2010). 1719: 1717: 1715: 1497: 1495: 1493: 1491: 377:The legs, including the popliteal arteries. 171: 4674: 4660: 4461:Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency 3888: 3874: 3635: 2951: 2887:. Icvts.ctsnetjournals.org. Archived from 2882: 2794: 2219:Smith-Mungo LI, Kagan HM (February 1998). 2184:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1631: 1398: 1316: 1286: 1199:had a brain aneurysm in 2015 and survived. 622: 69: 3664: 3460: 3349: 3300: 3282: 3233: 3192: 3143: 3021: 2927: 2859: 2818: 2770: 2729: 2680: 2654: 2578: 2470: 2452: 2443: 2426: 2355: 2236: 2195: 2123: 1832: 1791: 1756: 1614: 1604: 1537: 1527: 1375: 1334: 1223:died from a brain aneurysm in March 2023. 758:blood vessels supplying the artery itself 2372: 1730:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 56. 1712: 1488: 1205:died from a brain aneurysm in July 2020. 1165:died in 1974 as a result of an aneurysm. 1022: 968:Endovascular stent and endovascular coil 963: 959: 868:can be performed to detect blood in the 851: 586: 578: 285: 237: 3706:Roxas, Patricia Ann (25 October 2017). 2408: 1808: 943:was introduced by Italian neurosurgeon 550:For a ruptured aneurysm, symptoms of a 196:, and congenital aneurysms, as well as 14: 5108: 3616: 2909: 2841: 2752: 2302: 1468: 1245:Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery 998: 956:can be used, but risks complications. 803:A minority of aneurysms are caused by 4655: 4233:Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 3869: 3734:"Isabel Granada passes away in Qatar" 3705: 3575: 3330:Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3124:Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1744:from the original on 8 September 2017 1681: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1671: 1419: 1301: 1211:had a brain aneurysm in January 2021. 646:Risk factors for an aneurysm include 574: 504: 112:(starting point) for clot formation ( 4926:Partial anterior circulation infarct 4238:Generalized essential telangiectasia 3537: 3483: 2317:10.1001/archsurg.1982.01380330070017 2146: 2140: 1863: 1723: 1686:Christianto B. Lumenta, ed. (2010). 1566:The Lecturio Medical Concept Library 1323:Canadian Medical Association Journal 516: 440:>2.0 cm and <3.0 cm 430:Abdominal aorta size classification 3731: 1957: 1866:The New England Journal of Medicine 1469:Perrin, Michel (17 February 2010). 334:aneurysms following cardiac surgery 27:Bulge in the wall of a blood vessel 24: 4921:Total anterior circulation infarct 4722:Posterior cerebral artery syndrome 2922:(2). Fondazionecarrel.org: 161–4. 2765:(2). Fondazionecarrel.org: 161–4. 2634:10.1227/01.neu.0000333291.67362.0b 2628:(6): 1187–202, discussion 1202–3. 2472:10.1161/01.ATV.0000174129.77391.55 1834:10.1097/01.RVI.0000240426.53079.46 1668: 1641:. (10th ed.). Saunders. Page 588. 1317:Baird RJ, Doran ML (August 1964). 785:also manifests as aneurysm of the 748: 737:Familial thoracic aortic aneurysms 313:, with arterial being more common. 25: 5132: 4712:Anterior cerebral artery syndrome 3754: 3641:"Chamberlin, Donald oral history" 1958:Manasco, Hunter. "The Aphasias". 1593:Case Reports in Vascular Medicine 1006: 710:infectious intracranial aneurysms 218:Pseudoaneurysms can be caused by 163: 5095:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis 4388:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis 3014:10.1097/00000658-198303000-00016 1694:. Heidelberg: Springer. p. 1055: 148:aneurysms, a rare heart defect. 4873:Anterior spinal artery syndrome 4717:Middle cerebral artery syndrome 3725: 3699: 3685: 3665:Considine B (4 February 2008). 3658: 3610: 3590: 3557: 3505: 3418: 3366: 3351:10.1088/1742-6596/1084/1/012001 3317: 3258: 3209: 3160: 3082: 3047: 3038: 2989: 2903: 2876: 2835: 2746: 2697: 2648: 2613: 2595: 2546: 2402: 2331: 2296: 2253: 2212: 2171: 2091: 2064: 2052: 2040: 2005: 1978: 1966: 1951: 1892: 1727:Critical Care Ultrasound E-Book 1652: 1580: 1554: 1171:died in 2003 of a misdiagnosed 989: 904: 888:in combination with control of 874:Computed tomography angiography 675:Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS). 670:, increasing age, and tertiary 641: 587: 4339:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease 3235:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.04.045 3194:10.1088/1757-899X/243/1/012003 3145:10.1088/1742-6596/893/1/012054 2655:Guglielmi G (September 2007). 2262:The British Journal of Surgery 1462: 1392: 1351: 1310: 1258: 1233: 789:, which is due to loss of the 428: 13: 1: 4878:Vertebrobasilar insufficiency 4151:Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva 4005:Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis 3540:"Ball dies of ruptured aorta" 3092:. Bafound.org. Archived from 2975:10.1016/s0967-2109(95)00041-0 2807:Texas Heart Institute Journal 2661:Interventional Neuroradiology 2238:10.1016/s0945-053x(98)90012-9 2047:emedicine – Cerebral Aneurysm 1987:"Berry Aneurysm in the Brain" 1227: 1149:died from an aneurysm due to 724:anterior communicating artery 570:Pain above or behind the eyes 330:aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva 233: 4456:Chronic venous insufficiency 4081:Aortoiliac occlusive disease 3068:10.1016/0967-2109(96)82312-X 2428:10.1016/0741-5214(94)90169-4 2061:(Retrieved 8 September 2021) 1912:Last updated: 27 March 2017. 1562:"Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms" 1529:10.1371/journal.pone.0192032 1428:Postgraduate Medical Journal 1193:died of an aneurysm in 1997. 1181:died of a cerebral aneurysm. 1089:died of a cerebral aneurysm. 1034:computational fluid dynamics 879: 847: 821: 226:surgical procedures such as 151: 7: 4471:Inferior vena cava syndrome 4466:Superior vena cava syndrome 4193:Vertebral artery dissection 4183:Intracranial berry aneurysm 3669:. today.com. Archived from 2415:Journal of Vascular Surgery 2026:10.3171/JNS/2008/108/5/1052 1784:10.1136/bmj.38369.620162.82 1018: 911:Cerebral aneurysm treatment 892:. At least, in the case of 593:3D model of aortic aneurism 278: 271:, or, less frequently, the 10: 5137: 4847:Cerebellar stroke syndrome 4780:Lateral medullary syndrome 4572:Hypertensive heart disease 4223:Arteriovenous malformation 4198:Familial aortic dissection 3388:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.07.009 2842:Nazari S (February 2010). 2710:The Neuroradiology Journal 2673:10.1177/159101990701300301 1475:Servier – Phlebolymphology 1377:10.1016/j.ejvs.2004.01.001 1173:thoracic aortic dissection 1081:dissecting aortic aneurysm 933:in 1937. It consists of a 908: 637:Signs of hypovolemic shock 613:magnetic resonance imaging 596: 520: 490:Diameter 12 to 18 mm 372:Charcot–Bouchard aneurysms 353:abdominal aortic aneurysms 299:venous valve insufficiency 188:). True aneurysms include 134:abdominal aortic aneurysms 36: 29: 5082: 5072:Charcot–Bouchard aneurysm 5057: 5037: 5019: 5001: 4975: 4966: 4936: 4916:Transient ischemic attack 4893: 4883:Subclavian steal syndrome 4855: 4837: 4775:Medial medullary syndrome 4765:Brainstem stroke syndrome 4755: 4702: 4693: 4627: 4597:Renovascular hypertension 4562: 4553: 4540:Hepatic artery thrombosis 4488: 4448: 4403: 4307: 4289: 4280: 4248: 4208: 4188:Carotid artery dissection 4141:Abdominal aortic aneurysm 4113: 4073: 4050: 3991:Intermittent claudication 3961: 3954:Peripheral artery disease 3952: 3922: 3904: 3839: 3769: 3617:Wright J (9 April 2012). 2929:10.1510/icvts.2009.216291 2861:10.1510/icvts.2009.216291 2772:10.1510/icvts.2009.216291 2571:10.1007/s13244-014-0327-3 2516:10.1080/03091900110057806 2157:. Oulu: Oulun yliopisto. 1827:(9): 1383–97, quiz 1398. 1101:died in 1995 following a 894:abdominal aortic aneurysm 628:Flank pain and tenderness 349:thoracic aortic aneurysms 322:coronary artery aneurysms 82: 77: 68: 60: 55: 32:Aneurysm (disambiguation) 4954:Transient global amnesia 4801:Lateral pontine syndrome 4737:Dejerine–Roussy syndrome 4683:Cerebrovascular diseases 4582:Hypertensive nephropathy 4395:Post-thrombotic syndrome 4376:Paget–Schroetter disease 4168:Coronary artery aneurysm 4146:Thoracic aortic aneurysm 3693:"John Ritter: 1948–2003" 3538:Ball L (27 April 1989). 3484:Ball L (27 April 1989). 3284:10.3389/fphys.2018.00742 2722:10.1177/1971400915621321 1989:. freemd. Archived from 1440:10.1136/pgmj.2010.105387 1141:thoracic aortic aneurysm 980: 411:anterior cerebral artery 172:True and false aneurysms 37:Not to be confused with 5045:Intracranial hemorrhage 4863:Carotid artery stenosis 4792:Medial pontine syndrome 4637:Orthostatic hypotension 4619:White coat hypertension 4096:Fibromuscular dysplasia 4060:Carotid artery stenosis 3732:ALG (5 November 2017). 3652:Computer History Museum 3648:Oral history collection 3271:Frontiers in Physiology 3222:Journal of Biomechanics 3185:2017MS&E..243a2003A 2190:(5 Suppl): 996S–1002S. 2014:Journal of Neurosurgery 1901:"Iliac artery aneurysm" 1304:Robbins basic pathology 1103:subarachnoid hemorrhage 1038:intracranial hemorrhage 686:infection resulting in 623:Renal (kidney) aneurysm 552:subarachnoid hemorrhage 424: 419:internal carotid artery 413:, which is part of the 200:that follow transmural 128:affecting the thoracic 4609:Pulmonary hypertension 4592:Secondary hypertension 4587:Essential hypertension 4577:Hypertensive emergency 4418:Portacaval anastomosis 4354:Portal vein thrombosis 3996:Critical limb ischemia 3897:Cardiovascular disease 2274:10.1002/bjs.1800720507 2197:10.1093/ajcn/67.5.996S 1662:Vol 3 Iss. 4, pp. 1–4 1028: 969: 931:Johns Hopkins Hospital 857: 773:infective endocarditis 594: 584: 567:Neck pain or stiffness 302: 293:of an aneurysm of the 243: 202:myocardial infarctions 5067:Intracranial aneurysm 4856:Extracranial arteries 4614:Systolic hypertension 4359:Renal vein thrombosis 4218:Arteriovenous fistula 4210:Vascular malformation 4178:Intracranial aneurysm 4065:Renal artery stenosis 1878:10.1056/NEJMcp1401430 1724:Lumb, Philip (2014). 1302:Kumar V, ed. (2007). 1117:died from a repaired 1026: 967: 960:Aortic and peripheral 855: 701:Rasmussen's aneurysms 592: 582: 498:Diameter ≥18 mm 482:Diameter ≤12 mm 326:ventricular aneurysms 289: 241: 207:A false aneurysm, or 198:ventricular aneurysms 5003:Cerebral/Intra-axial 4949:Binswanger's disease 4528:Paradoxical embolism 4523:Cholesterol embolism 4349:May–Thurner syndrome 4344:Budd–Chiari syndrome 4327:Deep vein thrombosis 4322:primarily lower limb 4101:Raynaud's phenomenon 2891:on 30 September 2011 2609:. 18 September 2016. 2116:10.1093/icvts/ivr067 1899:Melissa L Kirkwood. 1319:"The False Aneurysm" 941:Endovascular coiling 666:, high cholesterol, 295:great saphenous vein 249:endovascular coiling 228:coronary angiography 30:For other uses, see 5090:Cerebral vasculitis 4968:Haemorrhagic stroke 4906:Cerebral infarction 4604:Benign hypertension 3606:. 14 December 2010. 3586:. 11 November 1970. 3342:2018JPhCS1084a2001L 3136:2017JPhCS.893a2054R 2910:Nazari, S. (2010). 2753:Nazari, S. (2010). 2305:Archives of Surgery 1606:10.1155/2013/452317 1520:2018PLoSO..1392032A 1065:, who later became 1050:non-Newtonian fluid 999:Pediatric aneurysms 870:cerebrospinal fluid 862:computed tomography 831:(for a biomaterial 781:The third stage of 688:syphilitic aortitis 609:computed tomography 471:common iliac artery 431: 5029:Duret haemorrhages 4518:Pulmonary embolism 4428:Esophageal varices 4366:upper limb / torso 4010:Arteriolosclerosis 3840:External resources 3673:on 5 December 2014 3637:Chamberlin, Donald 3569:The New York Times 3519:on 6 November 2012 3376:World Neurosurgery 2389:www.doitpoms.ac.uk 2357:10.3382/ps.0571313 2073:"Mycotic Aneurysm" 1471:"Venous aneurysms" 1175:(aortic aneurysm). 1029: 970: 925:was introduced by 858: 801:Copper deficiency. 730:, associated with 595: 585: 575:Abdominal aneurysm 535:Loss of perception 505:Signs and symptoms 473:is classified as: 456:>5.0 or 5.5 cm 429: 407:Cerebral aneurysms 364:cerebral aneurysms 303: 244: 5121:Vascular diseases 5103: 5102: 5053: 5052: 4962: 4961: 4827:Claude's syndrome 4822:Benedikt syndrome 4649: 4648: 4645: 4644: 4489:Arteries or veins 4484: 4483: 4309:Venous thrombosis 4276: 4275: 4258:Cherry hemangioma 4158:Aortic dissection 4109: 4108: 3944:Buerger's disease 3863: 3862: 3544:Los Angeles Times 3002:Annals of Surgery 2504:J Med Eng Technol 1944:978-0-7020-3085-7 1705:978-3-540-79564-3 1568:. 16 October 2020 1185:Geoffrey Thompson 1137:Richard Holbrooke 1131:Charles de Gaulle 1125:Thomas Mikal Ford 923:Surgical clipping 805:copper deficiency 795:tunica adventitia 742:Cirsoid aneurysms 668:copper deficiency 523:Cerebral aneurysm 517:Cerebral aneurysm 511:hypovolemic shock 502: 501: 460: 459: 393:intradermal nevus 156:The word is from 140:, including both 94: 93: 50:Medical condition 16:(Redirected from 5128: 5011:Intraventricular 4973: 4972: 4817:Weber's syndrome 4742:Watershed stroke 4732:Moyamoya disease 4700: 4699: 4695:Ischaemic stroke 4676: 4669: 4662: 4653: 4652: 4560: 4559: 4371:Mondor's disease 4314:Thrombophlebitis 4287: 4286: 3963:Arteriosclerosis 3959: 3958: 3920: 3919: 3890: 3883: 3876: 3867: 3866: 3767: 3766: 3749: 3748: 3746: 3744: 3729: 3723: 3722: 3720: 3718: 3703: 3697: 3696: 3689: 3683: 3682: 3680: 3678: 3662: 3656: 3655: 3645: 3639:(21 July 2009). 3633: 3627: 3626: 3614: 3608: 3607: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3579: 3573: 3572: 3571:. 19 April 1955. 3561: 3555: 3554: 3552: 3550: 3535: 3529: 3528: 3526: 3524: 3515:. Archived from 3509: 3503: 3502: 3500: 3498: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3464: 3445:10.1002/cnm.1481 3439:(6–7): 801–808. 3422: 3416: 3415: 3370: 3364: 3363: 3353: 3321: 3315: 3314: 3304: 3286: 3262: 3256: 3255: 3237: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3196: 3164: 3158: 3157: 3147: 3115: 3106: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3051: 3045: 3042: 3036: 3035: 3025: 2993: 2987: 2986: 2958: 2949: 2948: 2946: 2944: 2931: 2907: 2901: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2883:Stefano Nazari. 2880: 2874: 2873: 2863: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2822: 2798: 2792: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2774: 2750: 2744: 2743: 2733: 2701: 2695: 2694: 2684: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2617: 2611: 2610: 2599: 2593: 2592: 2582: 2559:Insights Imaging 2550: 2544: 2543: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2474: 2465:(8): 1558–1566. 2450: 2441: 2440: 2430: 2406: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2381: 2370: 2369: 2359: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2240: 2216: 2210: 2209: 2199: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2156: 2144: 2138: 2137: 2127: 2095: 2089: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2079:on 12 March 2016 2075:. Archived from 2068: 2062: 2056: 2050: 2044: 2038: 2037: 2009: 2003: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1993:on 12 March 2016 1982: 1976: 1970: 1964: 1963: 1955: 1949: 1948: 1932: 1922: 1913: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1896: 1890: 1889: 1861: 1855: 1854: 1836: 1812: 1806: 1805: 1795: 1763: 1754: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1721: 1710: 1709: 1693: 1683: 1666: 1658:Avinash P Mural 1656: 1650: 1635: 1629: 1628: 1618: 1608: 1584: 1578: 1577: 1575: 1573: 1558: 1552: 1551: 1541: 1531: 1499: 1486: 1485: 1483: 1481: 1466: 1460: 1459: 1423: 1417: 1416: 1396: 1390: 1389: 1379: 1355: 1349: 1348: 1338: 1314: 1308: 1307: 1299: 1284: 1283: 1262: 1256: 1255: 1253: 1251: 1237: 1163:Raymond F. Boyce 1157:Stuart Sutcliffe 886:watchful waiting 830: 768:mycotic aneurysm 728:circle of Willis 706:Brain infections 591: 558:Severe headaches 476: 475: 448:3.0–5.0 cm 432: 415:circle of Willis 391:, resembling an 345:aortic aneurysms 126:aortic aneurysms 122:circle of Willis 89:Vascular surgery 73: 53: 52: 21: 5136: 5135: 5131: 5130: 5129: 5127: 5126: 5125: 5116:Gross pathology 5106: 5105: 5104: 5099: 5078: 5049: 5033: 5015: 4997: 4958: 4932: 4889: 4851: 4833: 4751: 4727:Amaurosis fugax 4689: 4680: 4650: 4641: 4623: 4549: 4506:Microangiopathy 4501:Macroangiopathy 4480: 4444: 4413:Gastric varices 4399: 4312: 4303: 4272: 4244: 4204: 4136:Aortic aneurysm 4122: 4105: 4091:Erythromelalgia 4069: 4046: 3971:Atherosclerosis 3948: 3912: 3900: 3894: 3864: 3859: 3858: 3835: 3834: 3778: 3757: 3752: 3742: 3740: 3730: 3726: 3716: 3714: 3704: 3700: 3691: 3690: 3686: 3676: 3674: 3663: 3659: 3643: 3634: 3630: 3615: 3611: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3581: 3580: 3576: 3563: 3562: 3558: 3548: 3546: 3536: 3532: 3522: 3520: 3511: 3510: 3506: 3496: 3494: 3491:Chicago Tribune 3482: 3478: 3423: 3419: 3371: 3367: 3322: 3318: 3263: 3259: 3214: 3210: 3165: 3161: 3116: 3109: 3099: 3097: 3088: 3087: 3083: 3056:Cardiovasc Surg 3052: 3048: 3043: 3039: 2994: 2990: 2963:Cardiovasc Surg 2959: 2952: 2942: 2940: 2908: 2904: 2894: 2892: 2881: 2877: 2840: 2836: 2799: 2795: 2785: 2783: 2751: 2747: 2702: 2698: 2653: 2649: 2618: 2614: 2603:"Aneurysm Clip" 2601: 2600: 2596: 2551: 2547: 2500: 2496: 2451: 2444: 2407: 2403: 2393: 2391: 2383: 2382: 2373: 2344:Poultry Science 2336: 2332: 2301: 2297: 2258: 2254: 2217: 2213: 2176: 2172: 2165: 2154: 2147:Mäki J (2002). 2145: 2141: 2096: 2092: 2082: 2080: 2069: 2065: 2057: 2053: 2045: 2041: 2010: 2006: 1996: 1994: 1983: 1979: 1971: 1967: 1956: 1952: 1945: 1923: 1916: 1905: 1903: 1897: 1893: 1872:(22): 2101–08. 1862: 1858: 1813: 1809: 1764: 1757: 1747: 1745: 1738: 1722: 1713: 1706: 1684: 1669: 1657: 1653: 1636: 1632: 1585: 1581: 1571: 1569: 1560: 1559: 1555: 1514:(2): e0192032. 1500: 1489: 1479: 1477: 1467: 1463: 1434:(1023): 41–50. 1424: 1420: 1397: 1393: 1356: 1352: 1315: 1311: 1300: 1287: 1263: 1259: 1249: 1247: 1239: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1215:Jovit Baldivino 1119:aortic aneurysm 1115:Albert Einstein 1058: 1021: 1009: 1001: 992: 983: 962: 945:Guido Guglielmi 917:brain aneurysms 913: 907: 882: 866:lumbar puncture 850: 828: 824: 751: 749:Pathophysiology 720:Berry aneurysms 692:aortic aneurysm 644: 625: 605:ultrasonography 601: 577: 543:Speech problems 539:Loss of balance 525: 519: 507: 453:Large or severe 437:mild dilatation 436: 427: 368:berry aneurysms 291:Ultrasonography 281: 269:abdominal aorta 236: 190:atherosclerotic 174: 166: 154: 51: 46: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5134: 5124: 5123: 5118: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5097: 5092: 5086: 5084: 5080: 5079: 5077: 5076: 5075: 5074: 5063: 5061: 5055: 5054: 5051: 5050: 5048: 5047: 5041: 5039: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5031: 5025: 5023: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5013: 5007: 5005: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4979: 4977: 4970: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4940: 4938: 4934: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4929: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4911:Classification 4908: 4903: 4901:Brain ischemia 4897: 4895: 4894:Classification 4891: 4890: 4888: 4887: 4886: 4885: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4859: 4857: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4849: 4843: 4841: 4835: 4834: 4832: 4831: 4830: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4809: 4808: 4807: 4805:Millard-Gubler 4798: 4784: 4783: 4782: 4777: 4767: 4761: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4749: 4747:Lacunar stroke 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4708: 4706: 4697: 4691: 4690: 4679: 4678: 4671: 4664: 4656: 4647: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4640: 4639: 4633: 4631: 4625: 4624: 4622: 4621: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4600: 4599: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4568: 4566: 4557: 4555:Blood pressure 4551: 4550: 4548: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4531: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4510: 4509: 4508: 4503: 4492: 4490: 4486: 4485: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4452: 4450: 4446: 4445: 4443: 4442: 4437: 4436: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4415: 4409: 4407: 4405:Varicose veins 4401: 4400: 4398: 4397: 4392: 4391: 4390: 4380: 4379: 4378: 4373: 4363: 4362: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4331: 4330: 4329: 4318: 4316: 4305: 4304: 4302: 4301: 4295: 4293: 4284: 4278: 4277: 4274: 4273: 4271: 4270: 4268:Spider angioma 4265: 4260: 4254: 4252: 4250:Vascular nevus 4246: 4245: 4243: 4242: 4241: 4240: 4235: 4228:Telangiectasia 4225: 4220: 4214: 4212: 4206: 4205: 4203: 4202: 4201: 4200: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4180: 4170: 4165: 4163:Aortic rupture 4160: 4155: 4154: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4128: 4126: 4124:pseudoaneurysm 4111: 4110: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4077: 4075: 4071: 4070: 4068: 4067: 4062: 4056: 4054: 4048: 4047: 4045: 4044: 4043: 4042: 4037: 4035:Oxycholesterol 4032: 4027: 4022: 4017: 4007: 4001: 4000: 3999: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3967: 3965: 3956: 3950: 3949: 3947: 3946: 3941: 3940: 3939: 3928: 3926: 3917: 3902: 3901: 3893: 3892: 3885: 3878: 3870: 3861: 3860: 3857: 3856: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3837: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3821: 3810: 3795: 3779: 3774: 3773: 3771: 3770:Classification 3764: 3763: 3756: 3755:External links 3753: 3751: 3750: 3724: 3698: 3684: 3657: 3628: 3609: 3589: 3574: 3556: 3530: 3504: 3476: 3417: 3365: 3316: 3257: 3208: 3159: 3107: 3096:on 30 May 2014 3081: 3062:(2): 185–189. 3046: 3037: 2988: 2969:(1): 134–136. 2950: 2912:"ndicvts.html" 2902: 2875: 2834: 2793: 2745: 2696: 2647: 2612: 2607:Surgical Units 2594: 2565:(3): 281–293. 2545: 2494: 2442: 2401: 2371: 2350:(5): 1313–24. 2330: 2311:(9): 1212–13. 2295: 2252: 2225:Matrix Biology 2211: 2170: 2163: 2139: 2090: 2063: 2051: 2039: 2020:(5): 1052–60. 2004: 1977: 1965: 1950: 1943: 1914: 1891: 1856: 1807: 1755: 1737:978-0323278171 1736: 1711: 1704: 1667: 1651: 1630: 1579: 1553: 1487: 1461: 1418: 1391: 1350: 1309: 1285: 1257: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1218: 1212: 1206: 1200: 1194: 1188: 1182: 1179:Isabel Granada 1176: 1166: 1160: 1154: 1144: 1134: 1128: 1122: 1112: 1106: 1096: 1090: 1087:Laura Branigan 1084: 1070: 1057: 1054: 1020: 1017: 1008: 1005: 1000: 997: 991: 988: 982: 979: 961: 958: 909:Main article: 906: 903: 890:blood pressure 881: 878: 849: 846: 823: 820: 750: 747: 746: 745: 739: 734: 713: 712: 703: 694: 643: 640: 639: 638: 635: 632: 629: 624: 621: 597:Main article: 576: 573: 572: 571: 568: 565: 562: 561:Loss of vision 559: 548: 547: 544: 541: 536: 533: 521:Main article: 518: 515: 506: 503: 500: 499: 496: 492: 491: 488: 484: 483: 480: 458: 457: 454: 450: 449: 446: 442: 441: 438: 426: 423: 404: 403: 400: 385: 378: 375: 356: 337: 314: 280: 277: 273:iliac arteries 235: 232: 209:pseudoaneurysm 173: 170: 165: 164:Classification 162: 153: 150: 124:in the brain, 100:is an outward 92: 91: 86: 80: 79: 75: 74: 66: 65: 62: 58: 57: 49: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5133: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5087: 5085: 5081: 5073: 5070: 5069: 5068: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5060: 5056: 5046: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5036: 5030: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5022: 5018: 5012: 5009: 5008: 5006: 5004: 5000: 4994: 4991: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4965: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4935: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4892: 4884: 4881: 4880: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4860: 4858: 4854: 4848: 4845: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4836: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4813: 4810: 4806: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4793: 4790: 4789: 4788: 4785: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4772: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4754: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4707: 4705: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4677: 4672: 4670: 4665: 4663: 4658: 4657: 4654: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4598: 4595: 4594: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4569: 4567: 4565: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4552: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4515: 4514: 4511: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4498: 4497: 4494: 4493: 4491: 4487: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4453: 4451: 4447: 4441: 4438: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4423:Caput medusae 4421: 4420: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4396: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4385: 4384: 4381: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4368: 4367: 4364: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4336: 4335: 4332: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4323: 4320: 4319: 4317: 4315: 4310: 4306: 4300: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4279: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4230: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4211: 4207: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4175: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4138: 4137: 4133: 4130: 4129: 4127: 4125: 4120: 4116: 4112: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4086:Degos disease 4084: 4082: 4079: 4078: 4076: 4072: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4049: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4002: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3973: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3966: 3964: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3951: 3945: 3942: 3938: 3935: 3934: 3933: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3925: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3898: 3891: 3886: 3884: 3879: 3877: 3872: 3871: 3868: 3855: 3851: 3850: 3846: 3845: 3842: 3838: 3831: 3827: 3826: 3822: 3820: 3816: 3815: 3811: 3809: 3805: 3804: 3800: 3796: 3794: 3790: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3780: 3777: 3772: 3768: 3762: 3759: 3758: 3739: 3735: 3728: 3713: 3709: 3702: 3694: 3688: 3672: 3668: 3661: 3654:. p. 19. 3653: 3649: 3642: 3638: 3632: 3624: 3620: 3613: 3605: 3604: 3599: 3593: 3585: 3578: 3570: 3566: 3560: 3545: 3541: 3534: 3518: 3514: 3508: 3493: 3492: 3487: 3480: 3472: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3433: 3428: 3421: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3382:: e631–e638. 3381: 3377: 3369: 3361: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3336:(1): 012001. 3335: 3331: 3327: 3320: 3312: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3261: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3212: 3204: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3179:(1): 012003. 3178: 3174: 3170: 3163: 3155: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3130:(1): 012054. 3129: 3125: 3121: 3114: 3112: 3095: 3091: 3085: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3050: 3041: 3033: 3029: 3024: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3008:(3): 348–52. 3007: 3003: 2999: 2992: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2957: 2955: 2939: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2906: 2890: 2886: 2879: 2871: 2867: 2862: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2838: 2830: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2797: 2782: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2749: 2741: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2700: 2692: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2667:(3): 217–24. 2666: 2662: 2658: 2651: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2616: 2608: 2604: 2598: 2590: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2549: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2510:(4): 133–42. 2509: 2505: 2498: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2449: 2447: 2438: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2405: 2390: 2386: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2367: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2334: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2299: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2268:(5): 352–53. 2267: 2263: 2256: 2248: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2231:(7): 387–98. 2230: 2226: 2222: 2215: 2207: 2203: 2198: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2174: 2166: 2164:951-42-6739-7 2160: 2153: 2152: 2143: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2110:(2): 223–25. 2109: 2105: 2101: 2094: 2078: 2074: 2067: 2060: 2055: 2048: 2043: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2008: 1992: 1988: 1981: 1975: 1969: 1962:. p. 93. 1961: 1954: 1946: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1930: 1921: 1919: 1902: 1895: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1860: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1835: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1811: 1803: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1778:(7494): 750. 1777: 1773: 1769: 1762: 1760: 1743: 1739: 1733: 1729: 1728: 1720: 1718: 1716: 1707: 1701: 1697: 1692: 1691: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1665: 1661: 1655: 1648: 1647:0-7216-2921-0 1644: 1640: 1634: 1626: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1583: 1567: 1563: 1557: 1549: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1498: 1496: 1494: 1492: 1476: 1472: 1465: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1422: 1414: 1410: 1407:(4): 244–46. 1406: 1402: 1395: 1387: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1370:(4): 385–88. 1369: 1365: 1361: 1354: 1346: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1329:(6): 281–84. 1328: 1324: 1320: 1313: 1305: 1298: 1296: 1294: 1292: 1290: 1281: 1277: 1274:(3): 472–83. 1273: 1269: 1261: 1246: 1242: 1236: 1232: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1203:Grant Imahara 1201: 1198: 1197:Joni Mitchell 1195: 1192: 1191:Edwin Rosario 1189: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1151:liver failure 1148: 1145: 1142: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1104: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1078: 1077:heart surgery 1074: 1071: 1068: 1064: 1061:U.S. Senator 1060: 1059: 1056:Notable cases 1053: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1025: 1016: 1013: 1012:populations. 1004: 996: 987: 978: 976: 966: 957: 955: 954:flow diverter 950: 946: 942: 938: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 918: 912: 902: 899: 895: 891: 887: 877: 875: 871: 867: 863: 854: 845: 841: 838: 834: 819: 817: 813: 810: 809:lysyl oxidase 806: 802: 798: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 774: 769: 765: 761: 759: 754: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 729: 725: 721: 718: 717: 716: 711: 707: 704: 702: 698: 695: 693: 689: 685: 681: 680: 679: 676: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 636: 633: 630: 627: 626: 620: 618: 614: 610: 606: 600: 590: 581: 569: 566: 564:Double vision 563: 560: 557: 556: 555: 554:may present: 553: 546:Double vision 545: 542: 540: 537: 534: 531: 530: 529: 524: 514: 512: 497: 494: 493: 489: 486: 485: 481: 478: 477: 474: 472: 467: 465: 455: 452: 451: 447: 444: 443: 439: 434: 433: 422: 420: 416: 412: 408: 401: 398: 394: 390: 386: 383: 379: 376: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 312: 308: 305: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 284: 276: 274: 270: 266: 260: 258: 252: 250: 240: 231: 229: 225: 221: 216: 214: 210: 205: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 169: 161: 159: 149: 147: 146:atrial septal 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 90: 87: 85: 81: 76: 72: 67: 63: 59: 54: 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 5058: 4993:Subarachnoid 4564:Hypertension 4476:Venous ulcer 4382: 4365: 4333: 4321: 4291:Inflammation 4172: 4131: 4114: 4020:Hyperplastic 3981:Fatty streak 3924:Inflammation 3847: 3823: 3812: 3797: 3782: 3741:. Retrieved 3737: 3727: 3715:. Retrieved 3712:Inquirer.net 3711: 3701: 3687: 3675:. Retrieved 3671:the original 3660: 3647: 3631: 3622: 3612: 3601: 3592: 3583: 3577: 3568: 3559: 3547:. Retrieved 3543: 3533: 3521:. Retrieved 3517:the original 3507: 3495:. Retrieved 3489: 3479: 3436: 3430: 3420: 3379: 3375: 3368: 3333: 3329: 3319: 3274: 3270: 3260: 3225: 3221: 3211: 3176: 3172: 3162: 3127: 3123: 3098:. Retrieved 3094:the original 3084: 3059: 3055: 3049: 3040: 3005: 3001: 2991: 2966: 2962: 2941:. Retrieved 2919: 2915: 2905: 2893:. Retrieved 2889:the original 2878: 2854:(2): 161–4. 2851: 2847: 2837: 2810: 2806: 2796: 2784:. Retrieved 2762: 2758: 2748: 2716:(1): 66–71. 2713: 2709: 2699: 2664: 2660: 2650: 2625: 2622:Neurosurgery 2621: 2615: 2606: 2597: 2562: 2558: 2548: 2507: 2503: 2497: 2462: 2458: 2418: 2414: 2404: 2392:. Retrieved 2388: 2347: 2343: 2333: 2308: 2304: 2298: 2265: 2261: 2255: 2228: 2224: 2214: 2187: 2183: 2173: 2149: 2142: 2107: 2103: 2093: 2081:. 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Retrieved 1244: 1235: 1221:Tom Sizemore 1139:died from a 1099:Davie Cooper 1073:Lucille Ball 1042: 1030: 1014: 1010: 1007:Risk factors 1002: 993: 990:Epidemiology 984: 975:stent grafts 971: 939: 927:Walter Dandy 921: 914: 905:Intracranial 883: 859: 842: 832: 825: 814:, affecting 800: 799: 791:vasa vasorum 778: 777: 763: 762: 755: 752: 714: 697:Tuberculosis 677: 656:hypertension 645: 642:Risk factors 631:Hypertension 617:asymptomatic 602: 549: 526: 508: 468: 461: 405: 362:, including 320:, including 282: 261: 253: 245: 224:percutaneous 217: 206: 175: 167: 155: 138:heart attack 118:embolization 106:blood vessel 97: 95: 47: 4976:Extra-axial 4868:precerebral 4629:Hypotension 4173:head / neck 4025:Cholesterol 3915:capillaries 3849:MedlinePlus 3486:"Lucy dies" 2813:(1): 56–9. 2421:(1): 6–13. 2083:13 November 1997:13 November 1906:23 February 1250:23 February 1241:"Aneurysms" 1169:John Ritter 1109:John Olerud 660:tobacco use 265:aortic arch 142:ventricular 61:Other names 5110:Categories 4839:Cerebellum 4757:Brain stem 4685:including 4545:Vasculitis 4535:Thrombosis 4496:Angiopathy 4440:Varicocele 4433:Hemorrhoid 4263:Halo nevus 4119:dissection 3910:arterioles 3825:DiseasesDB 3743:5 November 3717:25 October 3677:6 December 1599:: 452317. 1480:14 January 1228:References 1147:Édith Piaf 1093:David Cone 935:craniotomy 764:Infection. 708:, causing 699:, causing 664:alcoholism 634:Haematuria 435:Ectatic or 397:thrombosis 347:including 234:Morphology 194:syphilitic 186:adventitia 114:thrombosis 5021:Brainstem 4796:Foville's 4299:Phlebitis 4040:Trans fat 3976:Foam cell 3932:Arteritis 3899:(vessels) 3584:The Times 3523:31 August 3453:2040-7939 3396:1878-8750 3360:1742-6596 3293:1664-042X 3244:0021-9290 3203:1757-899X 3154:1742-6596 2755:"sp.html" 2540:218868284 2524:0309-1902 2481:1079-5642 1748:23 August 1067:President 1063:Joe Biden 880:Treatment 848:Diagnosis 837:Toughness 822:Mechanics 779:Syphilis. 682:Advanced 343:, namely 213:thrombose 152:Etymology 84:Specialty 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