Animal rights movement

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with the composition of the movement being mostly white, female, and thin, it has been suggested that animal rights media depict an activist ideal-type with such characteristics, and that this may mobilize thin white females while deterring others. Racialized, sexualized, and size-focused campaign tactics may also serve to deter potential members from joining the movement. Racialized tactics include the appropriation of African slavery and Holocaust language and imagery, and have been deemed insensitive and impugned by nonwhite communities. In addition, the movement has maintained racist stereotypes about nonwhite individuals' predisposition toward animal cruelty; these stereotypes arose in post-slavery U.S. and Britain, where nonwhites were deemed by law and by society to have a tendency toward animal cruelty. Sexualization of "ideal" women is used as a mobilization tactic, but reduces support for ethics-based campaigns and may be counterproductive, alienating women that do not have "ideal" body types. Sizeism is used as a tactic to frame veganism as a healthy and positive lifestyle, aligning with a popular association of fatness with moral failure. These tactics may contribute to gender inequality because unrealistic and sexualized representations of women are linked to their societal devaluation. Its lack of diverse membership may decrease the movement's legitimacy and ability to mobilize, as members of marginalized groups are more likely to mobilize when they are represented in the movement. An inclusive movement with strong group solidarity would decrease opportunity costs associated with participating (e.g., social stigmatization, lack of alternatives, legal persecution) and thus serve to increase and sustain participation in the movement.

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femininity, and effeminacy. Public perception of the movement is influenced by gendered evaluations; movement outsiders tend to view activists as irrational by virtue of overly emotional sentiments. Aware of this, activists have strategically incorporated men into positions of leadership and theory production, in order to legitimize the movement and counter popular beliefs about the primacy of emotion in the animal rights movement. This tactic relies on the popular perception of men as rational and not given to emotion, and follows a trend in social movement activism that seeks to counter traditional associations with femininity and private spheres by emphasizing rationality, rights, and justice. In one case study, targets of anti-hunting activism used class and gender markers to evaluate activists' claims. Hunters' associations of irrationality with femininity and of inexperience in hunting and wilderness with white-collar positions constituted the reasons for their dismissal of activists' claims. In contrast, hunters framed hunting in logical, scientific, and altruistic terms, thus legitimating hunting, termed wildlife management, as a protective measure.

1123:, Maryland. Police raided the research facility, and because the activists had (illegally) notified media of the raid, it was televised, attracting publicity to the activists' cause. In the UK in 1990, Mike Huskisson and Melody McDonald videotaped Wilhelm Feldberg performing illegal research; the video evidence was made public and Feldberg's lab was summarily closed down. SHAC was founded after Zoe Broughton conducted undercover surveillance of vivisectionists and discovered evidence of nonhuman animal abuse. Footage and images from undercover surveillance activity are often circulated offline and on the Internet and used to deliver a moral shock that will mobilize viewers to participate in the movement. Members in the abolitionist faction, specifically those in Francione's camp, argue that the graphic depictions of suffering discovered in undercover work result in a focus on treatment, as opposed to use, and that this focus, while useful in securing welfare reform, is counterproductive to abolishing animal exploitation. 1213:(FARM), a popular animal rights organization, has used moral shocks in its pay-per-view campaign, in which passersby were paid a dollar to watch a graphic video of nonhuman animal suffering. Nonhuman animals depicted in moral shocks often display characteristics similar to those of human infants (e.g., large heads and eyes, crying or whimpering, small, mammalian). There is an ongoing debate within the Movement about the effectiveness of moral shocks. It has been found that many animal rights activists join after being exposed to moral shocks, and that moral shocks given to strangers are more likely to mobilize potential participants than are preexisting social networks; there is research that has found the opposite, however. Conversely, moral shocks that target the public at large (e.g., those used in vegan outreach) are less likely to be effective than those that have targets more distant from and less visible to the public (e.g., vivisectors). 1083:, such as the Internet and email, have been used by Animal Rights Movement actors and countermovement actors in a variety of capacities. Radical factions in the movement rely on websites, blogs, podcasts, videos, and online forums to engage in vegan outreach and other mobilization efforts and build alliances, thus overcoming exclusion by dominant factions. The use of Internet has allowed the animal rights movement to spread transnationally. For example, the Istanbul Animal Rights Movement's theory and activities draw from those of various countries that have spread through the use of Internet. The Internet is also used by activists to build community and avoid stigmatization, and may be a preferred means of activism for marginalized members, such as individuals who are fat. 1461:, which began as an environmental movement against urban development efforts, various social movement groups participated. Among them were animal rights activists that saw the protests as an opportunity to raise concerns about speciesism. Animal rights activists' involvement in the protests changed the opinions of animal rights movement outsiders who had previously viewed vegan animal rights activists as elitist. This allowed for increased legitimacy and network expansion; the animal rights movement in Istanbul is composed of multi-movement actors from the feminist movement, LGBT+ movement, and antimilitarist movement, and such inter-movement interaction has led to increased coverage of veganism and animal rights by leftist news sites in Turkey. 693:". The group was led by Rosalind and Stanley Godlovitch, graduate students of philosophy who had recently become vegetarians. The Godlovitches met John Harris and David Wood, also philosophy graduates, who were soon persuaded of the arguments in favour of animal rights and themselves became vegetarian. The group began to actively raise the issue with pre-eminent Oxford moral philosophers, including Professor Richard Hare, both personally and in lectures. Their approach was based not on sentimentality ("kindness to dumb animals"), but on the moral rights of animals. They soon developed (and borrowed) a range of powerful arguments in support of their views, so that Oxford clinical psychologist 847: 1061: 608:

They see the promotion of veganism as a means of creating an antispeciesist culture and abolishing animal agriculture. The direct action or militant faction includes in its activities property damage, animal releases, intimidation, and direct violence, aiming to change society through force and fear. Animal rights actors often reject this faction, pointing to violence as a counterproductive tactic that invites repression (e.g., the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act) and does not economically or politically challenge extant systems. Smaller factions include groups focused around faith-based animal rights theory and

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blocking abolitionists' access to discursive spheres. Another example of counterframing from opposition movement actors is found in Switzerland's 1998 referendum cycle, in which antivivisectionists' claims that animal research should be abolished were contested with claims that mobilized the public more. Antivivisection claims, which framed animal research as facilitating the genetic engineering of foods in hopes of seizing on public fear of genetic engineering, were countered by scientists and animal researchers, who framed vivisection as medically necessary to ensure human well-being.

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essays on the subject. They initially thought that a book with contributions from Brophy, Ruth Harrison, Maureen Duffy, and other well-known writers might be of interest to publishers, but after an initial proposal was turned down by the first publisher they approached, Giles Gordon of Victor Gollancz suggested that the work would be more viable if it included their own writing. This was the idea that became "Animals, Men, and Morals". In 1970, Ryder coined the phrase "

8562: 6603: 51: 1508: 3747: 1276: 679: 8572: 726: 1098:(HLS), published the names of targets associated with HLS on its website. SHAC.net listed targets for "naming and shaming", emphasized and sent email action alerts, and facilitated written and digital communication between activists and targets. When the UK government later prevented SHAC from publishing reports from the 1448:", the legislation which allows federal authorities to "help prevent, better investigate, and prosecute individuals who seek to halt biomedical research through acts of intimidation, harassment, and violence" was adopted in the USA in 2006. It has also been described as having 'a chilling effect' on free speech. 1296:. These groups concentrate on education and research, including carrying out undercover investigations of animal-testing facilities. There is some evidence of cooperation between the BUAV and the ALF: for example, the BUAV used to donate office space for the use of the ALF in London in the early 1980s. 1392:

Activists have targeted individual researchers and have shown up at homes in the middle of the night, threatening their families and children. Nevertheless, the animal rights movement claims to be overwhelmingly peaceful, and that such instances of violence have been used in efforts to try to tarnish

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Who are we that we have set ourselves up on this pedestal and we believe that we have a right to take from others everything—including their life—simply because we want to do it? Shouldn't we stop and think for a second that maybe they are just others like us? Other nations, other individuals, other

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It has been noted that the composition of the movement may discourage the mobilization of particular demographics. A content analysis of magazine covers from highly visible animal rights organizations (PeTA and VegNews) revealed that most featured members were white, female, and thin. With this, and

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The modern animal rights movement traces back to the animal protection movement in Victorian England, which was initiated by crusaders in response to the poor treatment of urban workhorses, the conditions under which they were exported for slaughter and their use, along with stray cats and dogs, for

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The movement is no longer viewed as hovering on the fringe. In the 1980s and 1990s, it was joined by a wide variety of academics and professionals, including lawyers, physicians, psychologists, veterinarians, and former vivisectionists, and is now a common subject of study in philosophy departments

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The movement predominately comprises upper-class and middle-class white female members, owing this to its associations with the Victorian English animal protection movement and American feminism and environmentalism movements. As such, the movement is widely associated in public spheres with women,

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in response to Brophy's arguments. Brophy read Ryder's letters and put him in touch with the Godlovitches and John Harris, who had begun to plan a book about the issue which was also partly inspired by Brophy's polemic. The philosophers had also been to see Brophy about the possibility of a book of

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to the other animals is one of unremitting exploitation. We employ their work; we eat and wear them. We exploit them to serve our superstitions: whereas we used to sacrifice them to our gods and tear out their entrails in order to foresee the future, we now sacrifice them to science, and experiment

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The abolitionist faction of the animal rights movement often faces counterframing by dominant reformist organizations of the movement that frame radical advocacy as idealistic and schismatic. These reform-oriented nonhuman rights organizations direct resources to countering abolitionist claims and

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website, which was registered in the US and thus allowed the ALF to publish reports without reprisal. Countermovement actors have also used ICTs; law enforcement officers have tracked SHAC activists and admitted electronic communications as evidence in criminal trials. Dylan Barr, who jammed email

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In the United States, there is an Animal Welfare Act that was produced in 1966. This law protects animals in acts of research, transportation, and sale. Generally, animals are protected from any torture, neglect, or killing. There have been many amendments made towards this act to keep it updated.

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Liberationists argue that animals appear to have value in law only in relation to their usefulness or benefit to their owners, and are awarded no intrinsic value whatsoever. In the United States, for example, state and federal laws formulate the rules for the treatment of animals in terms of their

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by putting the basic interests of non-human animals on an equal footing with the basic interests of human beings. A basic interest would be, for example, not being made to suffer pain on behalf of other individual human or non-human animals. The aim is to remove animals from the sphere of property

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told the Association of American Medical Colleges: "There is a very important shift under way in the manner in which many people in law schools and in the legal profession think about animals. This shift has not yet reached popular opinion. However, in , social change has and can occur through the

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animals altogether. Gary Francione, a leader in abolitionism, formed his approach in response to the traditional movement's focus on policy reform. Members of the abolitionist faction view policy reform as counterproductive and rely on nonviolent education and moral persuasion in their activities.

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in its simplest form advocating that we base moral decisions on the greatest happiness of the greatest number — that, because animals have the ability to suffer, their suffering must be taken into account in any moral philosophy. To exclude animals from that consideration, they argue, is a form of

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industries often portray activists in a negative light, characterizing the movement as misanthropic, sensationalist, and dangerous to scientific endeavors and human well-being because of activists' high levels of expressed empathy for nonhuman animals. Mass media also frequently portray nonhuman

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All animal liberationists believe that the individual interests of non-human animals deserve recognition and protection, but the movement can be split into two broad camps. Animal rights advocates believe that these basic interests confer moral rights of some kind on the animals, and/or ought to

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Animal rights factions address injustices against a variety of groups, therein emphasizing a connection between discrimination against humans and discrimination against nonhuman animals. An intersectional orientation is seen online, on websites and social media, and also in offline activity. In

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Despite these differences, the terms "animal liberation" and "animal rights" are generally used interchangeably. Factional division has also been characterized as that between the reformist or mainstream faction and the radical abolitionist and direct action factions. The mainstream faction is

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Moral shock is a tactic that involves drawing targets' attention to a particular depiction of a situation in order to cause outrage and catalyze targets to support a movement or claim. In the Animal Rights Movement, moral shocks are often used in the form of graphic depictions that detail the

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The movement espouses a number of approaches, and is bitterly divided on the issue of direct action and violence, with very few activists or writers publicly advocating the latter tactic as a justified method to use. Most groups reject violence against persons, intimidation, threats, and the

612:, whose approach is characterized by a critique of capitalism on the grounds that it has led to mass nonhuman, human, and environmental exploitation. Such factionalizing, researchers have pointed out, is common to social movements and plays a role in sustaining their health. 953:

Animal Cruelty Laws apply only to pets living under the custody of human beings and exclude birds, deer, rabbits, squirrels, and other wild animals not owned by humans, ignoring that jurisdiction for such creatures comes under the domain of state wildlife officers. The U.S.

830:. Protesting low prices for meat, farmers would kill their own animals in front of media representatives. The carcasses were wasted and not eaten. However, this effort backfired because it angered television audiences to see animals being needlessly and wastefully killed. 1384:," in which liberationists enter businesses to remove animals without trying to hide their identities. Open rescues tend to be carried out by committed individuals willing to go to jail if prosecuted, but so far no farmer has been willing to press charges. 1228:

consists of breaking the law without using violence. This may include the blocking of public roads or entrances, sometimes by chaining or gluing oneself to the ground or to doors. The animal rights movement has espoused these tactics during the 2019

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ICTs have facilitated undercover surveillance efforts by activists who use video cameras, Internet, and television to collect and disseminate evidence of cruelty to animals, in order to attract publicity to and mobilize support for the movement.

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interprets the Act as also excluding cold-blooded animals, and warm-blooded animals not "used for research, teaching, testing, experimentation ... exhibition purposes, or as a pet, farm animals used for food, fiber, or production purposes".

962:, purebred dog and cat shows, and any fairs or exhibitions intended to advance agricultural arts and sciences." There is no mention in the law that such activities already fall under the jurisdiction of state agriculture departments. The 7588: 1043:

species in New Zealand in 1999. Their use is now forbidden in research, testing or teaching. Other governments had also previously implemented a ban on these experiments, such as the UK government in 1986. Some other countries have also

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There is a growing trend in the American movement towards devoting all resources to vegetarian outreach. The 9.8 billion animals killed there for food every year far exceeds the number of animals used in other ways. Groups such as

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grave. Over a thousand ALF attacks in one year in the UK alone caused £2.6M of damage to property, prompting some experts to state that animal rights now tops the list of causes that prompt violence in the UK.

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at the FBI, stated in a 60 Minutes interview that these groups "have caused over $ 100 million worth of damage nationwide", and that "there are more than 150 investigations of eco-terrorist crimes underway".

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Another factor feeding the animal rights movement was revulsion to televised slaughters. In the United States, many public protest slaughters were held in the late 1960s and early 1970s by the

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in Europe and North America. Animal law courses are taught in 92 out of 180 law schools in the United States, and the movement has gained the support of senior legal scholars, including

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that advocates an end to the rigid moral and legal distinction drawn between human and non-human animals, an end to the status of animals as property, and an end to their use in the

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corporation, for example, tests many of its products on animals, leading many animal rights advocates to boycott the company's products entirely, whether tested on animals or not.

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The contemporary movement is regarded as having been founded in the UK in the early 1970s by a group of Oxford university post-graduate philosophy students, now known as the "

671:'s treatises on nonhuman animal rights, which drew from human abolitionist arguments for recognizing the personhood of people considered to be property; and the short-lived 2556: 3074: 747:," first using it in a privately printed pamphlet to describe the assignment of value to the interests of beings on the basis of their membership of a particular species. 2486: 1161:, which produces the majority of meat, dairy products, and eggs in industrialized nations. The transportation of farm animals for slaughter, which often involves their 3263: 2216: 1994:

Evans, Erin (1 July 2010). "Constitutional Inclusion of Animal Rights in Germany and Switzerland: How Did Animal Protection Become an Issue of National Importance?".

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Jasper, James M.; Poulsen, Jane D. (November 1995). "Recruiting Strangers and Friends: Moral Shocks and Social Networks in Animal Rights and Anti-Nuclear Protests".

596:. It has been noted that the power of the animal rights movement in the United States is centralized in professionalized nonprofit organizations that aim to improve 8051: 4478: 267: 3292: 588:

largely professionalized and focuses on soliciting donations and gaining media representation. Actors in the reformist movement believe that humans should stop

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courts, which in many instances do not operate as democratic institutions. Therefore, the evolution in elite legal opinion is extremely significant ..."

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Regarding the campaign to change the status of animals as property, the animal liberation movement has seen success in several countries. In 1992,

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The philosophers found this article and were inspired by its vigorous unsentimental polemic. At about the same time, Ryder wrote three letters to

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Einwohner, Rachel L. (February 1999). "Gender, class, and social movement outcomes: Identity and effectiveness in two animal rights campaigns".

7177: 1289: 3470:"Analysis of the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act.Using "terrorism" rhetoric to chill free speech and protect corporate profits by WILL POTTER" 2610: 1740:

Wrenn, Corey Lee (October 2012). "Applying Social Movement Theory to Nonhuman Rights Mobilization and the Importance of Faction Hierarchies".

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devote their time to exposing factory-farming practices by publishing information for consumers and by organizing undercover investigations.

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While there is only one act covering the entire United States, there are more current laws surrounding animal rights, which vary by state.

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Wolf, Silvia Ilonka (May 2015). "Beyond nonhuman animal rights: A grassroots movement in Istanbul and its alignment with other causes".

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in the United Kingdom. This association continues on into the 21st century, as evidenced by the prominence of vegan punk events such as

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Upton, Andrew (21 June 2010). "Contingent communication in a hybrid multi-media world: Analysing the campaigning strategies of SHAC".

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animals as objects. Major pharmaceutical companies have taken legal measures to disallow protestors from targeting their companies.

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Turkey, animal rights groups commonly join other social movements by aligning with online and offline campaigns. In Istanbul's 2013

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diets. They may also avoid clothes made of animal skins, such as leather shoes, and will not use products known to contain animal

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the protection of three basic interests: the right to life, the protection of individual liberty, and the prohibition of torture.

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In 1981, animal rights activists exposed supposedly unhealthy and cruel conditions of monkeys in a research laboratory in

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on their entrail in the hope—or on the mere offchance—that we might thereby see a little more clearly into the present.

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Other groups concentrate on education, research, media campaigns, and undercover investigations. See, for example,

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inboxes at Washington Mutual Bank with 5,000 emails, caused $ 5,000 in losses and was convicted for extortion.

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Growing a new agrarian myth: the american agriculture movement, identity, and the call to save the family farm

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Perhaps the greatest success of the animal liberation movement has been the granting of basic rights to five

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Groves, Julian McAllister (28 June 2008). "Learning to Feel: The Neglected Sociology of Social Movements".

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and other illegal activities, such as the intimidation campaign to close Darley Oaks farm, which involved

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Munro, Lyle (May 2005). "Strategies, Action Repertoires and DIY Activism in the Animal Rights Movement".

2150: 1350: 1318:: for example by carrying out raids to release animals from laboratories and farms, using names like the 1314:

consisting of small numbers of trusted friends, or of one individual acting alone. These cells engage in

1266: 1210: 1017: 2685:"A Step at a Time: New Zealand's Progress Towards Hominid Rights - Animal Legal & Historical Center" 8498: 7273: 6950: 6681: 6543: 6415: 6210: 6146: 6082: 5733: 5693: 5663: 4791: 4786: 4188: 2659: 1353:(RCALB), Hunt Retribution Squad (HRS) and the Militant Forces Against Huntingdon Life Sciences (MFAH). 955: 3145: 2797:"Fat vegan politics: A survey of fat vegan activists' online experiences with social movement sizeism" 1469:

Opposition to the animal rights movement comes primarily from corporate and state actors. Mass media,

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Activists who have carried out or threatened acts of physical violence have operated using the names;

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Helton, Jesse J.; Staudenmeier, William J. (2002). "Re-imagining being 'straight' in straight edge".

2350: 1776:"Resonance of Moral Shocks in Abolitionist Animal Rights Advocacy: Overcoming Contextual Constraints" 1594: 1551: 1439:

to be "the country's biggest domestic terrorist threat." John Lewis, a Deputy Assistant Director for

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who fought for humane conditions for horses destined for slaughter. Other early influences include:

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Activists protesting outside the Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Circus at the Civic Coliseum in

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From Dusk 'Til Dawn: An Insiders View of the Growth of the Animal Liberation Movement

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Sober Living for the Revolution: Hardcore Punk, Straight Edge, and Radical Politics

2471: 2467: 2424: 2396:"'Personhood' Redefined: Animal Rights Strategy Gets at the Essence of Being Human" 2287: 2245: 2119: 2003: 1945: 1866: 1787: 1649: 1598: 1440: 1230: 974:(GAP), founded by Peter Singer, is campaigning for the United Nations to adopt its 706: 694: 633: 438: 262: 4856: 4701: 3338: 3317:

Miller, G. (2010). "A Tricky Balance Between Activists' and Researchers' Rights".

2815: 2578: 2098: 1654: 1635: 8518: 8426: 8322: 8271: 8131: 8116: 8096: 8061: 7774: 7685: 7620: 7410: 7360: 7141: 6995: 6317: 5425: 5379: 5374: 5224: 5189: 5174: 5112: 5002: 4947: 4927: 4866: 4776: 4686: 4626: 4601: 4256: 4130: 3574: 3432: 3410: 3374: 3240: 3215: 3078: 3070:, interview with Jerry Vlasak, BBC Radio 4, 26 July 2004, cited in Best, Steven. 2976: 2584: 2560: 2402: 2346: 2323: 2220: 2196: 2157: 2105: 2065: 1591:

Encyclopedia of American Civil Rights and Liberties: Revised and Expanded Edition

1531: 1158: 1132: 931: 886: 882: 868: 856: 622:

Animal rights § 20th century: Increase in animal use; animal rights movement

539: 343: 8513: 8471: 8441: 8431: 8349: 8342: 8327: 8317: 8153: 8089: 8031: 8026: 8011: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7670: 7605: 7119: 7092: 6940: 6652: 6261: 6058: 5658: 5560: 5490: 5480: 5404: 5334: 5319: 5259: 5184: 5159: 5107: 5052: 5012: 4917: 4907: 4882: 4796: 4726: 4651: 4591: 4463: 4393: 4238: 4213: 4170: 4145: 4135: 4110: 4070: 4025: 3933: 3698: 3090: 2428: 2339: 2249: 1636:"Animalism: a nascent ideology? Exploring the ideas of animal advocacy parties" 1513: 1499: 1369: 1250: 1193: 1177: 1091: 1029: 860: 811: 803: 769: 658: 625: 597: 572: 547: 543: 480: 410: 370: 227: 160: 2916: 2458:

Wood, Robert T. (1999). "Nailed to the X: A Lyrical History of Straightedge".

2381:

A Rat Is a Pig Is a Dog Is a Boy: The Human Cost of the Animal Rights Movement

1949: 1870: 1791: 1283:, caused £500,000 damage to Londbridges boathouse, Oxfordshire on 4 July 2005. 939:; that is, to see them awarded legal rights to protect their basic interests. 8590: 8525: 8148: 8084: 8069: 7931: 7896: 7876: 7747: 7690: 7625: 7017: 6920: 6535: 5653: 5520: 5495: 5430: 5399: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5339: 5219: 5194: 5164: 5067: 5037: 4892: 4846: 4841: 4806: 4801: 4756: 4741: 4721: 4696: 4661: 4641: 4606: 4509: 4342: 4085: 4045: 3943: 3913: 3788: 3706: 3567: 3518: 3450: 3346: 3185: 3098: 2878: 2823: 2436: 2015: 2007: 1957: 1878: 1799: 1536: 1424: 1373: 1315: 1242: 1144: 893: 890: 871:, and resolutions related to animal rights are regularly proposed within the 795: 701: 609: 433: 190: 135: 31: 5304: 8359: 8246: 8074: 8041: 8021: 7951: 7941: 7921: 7901: 7532: 7425: 7420: 7151: 7126: 6985: 6925: 6890: 6860: 5713: 5555: 5545: 5394: 5369: 5274: 5269: 5254: 5214: 5204: 5077: 4997: 4992: 4972: 4962: 4957: 4897: 4836: 4831: 4781: 4771: 4761: 4671: 4596: 4453: 4408: 4367: 4329: 4314: 4276: 4095: 4075: 3995: 3720: 3354: 3208: 2988: 2512: 2487:""Nailing Descartes to the Wall": Animal Rights, Veganism and Punk Culture" 1589:. In Stooksbury, Kara E.; Scheb II, John M.; Stephens, Otis H. Jr. (eds.). 1493: 1470: 1365: 1148: 1075: 1068: 925: 897: 765: 716: 683: 649: 637: 581: 475: 450: 348: 319: 2127:. First published by Basil Blackwell, 1989; this edition Berg, 2000, p. 5. 944:

cultures. Just others. Not sub-human, but just different from being human.

8261: 8221: 8189: 8056: 8016: 7856: 7769: 7720: 7695: 7595: 7278: 7007: 6990: 6945: 6865: 6277: 5723: 5550: 5540: 5525: 5465: 5294: 5199: 5169: 5144: 5082: 5072: 4861: 4746: 4731: 4716: 4681: 4676: 4646: 4616: 4611: 4423: 4357: 4228: 4203: 4100: 4005: 4000: 3602:

Terrorists or Freedom Fighters?: Reflections on the Liberation of Animals

3597: 3175: 1561: 1474: 1381: 1311: 1162: 1136: 1046:

banned or severely restricted the use of non-human great apes in research

1013: 644: 593: 551: 365: 304: 3291:. Federation of American Societies For Experimental biology. p. 1. 3181:

Terrorists or Freedom Fighters? Reflections on the Liberation of Animals

2969: 8535: 8530: 8411: 8406: 8302: 8286: 8143: 8036: 7994: 7956: 7764: 7752: 7725: 7715: 7635: 7034: 7029: 7000: 6935: 6784: 6389: 5907: 5618: 5510: 5455: 5435: 5284: 5279: 5264: 5234: 5209: 5149: 5027: 4942: 4902: 4736: 4706: 4040: 4030: 3923: 3678: 3522: 3028: 2175:

Animals, Men and Morals: An Inquiry into the Maltreatment of Non-humans

1585:

Stooksbury, Kara E.; Scheb II, John M.; Stephens Jr., Otis H. (2019) .

1419: 1293: 1064: 979: 936: 901: 752:

Animals, Men and Morals: An Inquiry into the Maltreatment of Non-humans

744: 663: 577: 415: 309: 287: 3509:"A Critique of the Kantian Theory of Indirect Moral Duties to Animals" 8436: 8384: 8101: 7700: 6810: 6482: 6341: 5937: 5708: 5314: 5179: 5154: 5042: 4821: 4766: 4418: 4218: 4125: 4105: 4080: 4015: 1361: 1357: 1335: 1173: 1103: 1080: 1040: 987: 879: 783: 730: 629: 568: 460: 405: 117: 113: 3683: 3020: 2554:

A Critique of the Kantian Theory of Indirect Moral Duties to Animals

675:

agrarian commune, which required its residents to eat a vegan diet.

8401: 8231: 8158: 7809: 7735: 7640: 7600: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6880: 6875: 6820: 5117: 4035: 3985: 3455: 3220: 3081:

Animal Liberation Press Office, undated. Retrieved 17 January 2008.

2405:, Association of American Medical Colleges. Retrieved 12 July 2006. 1602: 1566: 1275: 1140: 958:

excludes "pet stores ... state and country fairs, livestock shows,

867:. Chapters of animal rights law have been created in several state 850:

Banner carried during the Animal Liberation March in Warsaw in 2022

773: 654: 455: 292: 282: 185: 2997:, second edition, Random House, 1975; this edition 1990, p. 160ff. 1620: 1507: 710:

which was pivotal in helping to spark the movement. Brophy wrote:

6885: 6789: 6769: 6742: 6717: 6621: 4347: 4301: 3960: 3746: 3617:

The Animal Rights Movement in America: From Compassion to Respect

1181: 1168:

The vast majority of animal rights advocates adopt vegetarian or

1154: 983: 400: 3757: 3635:

Rain without Thunder: The Ideology of the Animal Rights Movement

30:

This article is about the social movement. For the concept, see

7861: 6870: 6774: 6752: 6747: 6697: 3898: 3800: 1427:," a term used by the United States government to refer to the 678: 3725:

Ethics into Action: Henry Spira and the Animal Rights Movement

1584: 7871: 6702: 5976: 4562: 3650:

Animal Rights: History and Scope of a Radical Social Movement

2939:"THE GREAT SILVER SPRING MONKEY DEBATE - the Washington Post" 2364:

Rights from Wrongs: A Secular Theory of the Origins of Rights

1169: 991: 959: 950: 8483: 8312: 5748: 1396: 1368:, arson attacks and property destruction, climaxing in the 1001: 725: 567:

confer legal rights on them; see, for example, the work of

3703:

Free the Animals: The Story of the Animal Liberation Front

1844:"An Analysis of Diversity in Nonhuman Animal Rights Media" 643:

vivisection. Public awareness was raised by, for example,

603:

The abolitionist faction believes that humans should stop

3652:(Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1998). 3536: 3437: 1436: 995: 792:

Created from Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism

4479:

University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid

3665:

The Animal Rights Crusade: The Growth of a Moral Protest

2125:

Animal Revolution: Changing Attitudes Towards Speciesism

2086:

Animal Revolution: Changing Attitudes Towards Speciesism

1076:

Use of new information communication technologies (ICTs)

776:

and animal liberation. Out of the review came Singer's

1233:

protests in London, leading to several dozen arrests.

6003:

Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes

1372:

of Gladys Hammond, the owners' mother-in-law, from a

1157:

industries that use animals. Foremost among these is

667:, which drew attention to slaughterhouse operations; 1489: 2366:, 2004, pp. 198–99, and "Darwin, Meet Dershowitz," 1706:

Interface: A Journal for and About Social Movements

994:. The declaration wants to extend to the non-human 821: 2607:"Germany guarantees animal rights in constitution" 2414: 2173:Godlovitch R, Godlovitch S, and Harris J. (1972). 949:status as property. Liberationists point out that 922:Animal rights § Main philosophical approaches 878:In the 1980s, the movement became associated with 808:Rattling the Cage: Toward Legal Rights for Animals 34:. For current animal rights around the world, see 8447:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 3563:Animal Cruelty is the Price We Pay for Cheap Meat 1306:A third category of activists operates using the 841: 8588: 3858:List of international animal welfare conventions 2190:Animal Rights: The Modern Animal Rights Movement 2151:"All beings that feel pain deserve human rights" 1930:Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 1851:Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 1338:has been linked to various animal rights groups 1094:with the aim of ending vivisection practices by 768:first put forward his basic arguments, based on 8107:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 6155:An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory 3727:(Lanham, MD: Bowman & Littlefield, 1998). 3637:(Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996). 2715: 915: 27:Social movement advocating animal consideration 7589:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 5586: 3234:Anti-terror law 'could trap animal extremists' 3174: 2744:"India Declares Cetaceans "Non-Human Persons"" 1290:British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection 1180:are also avoided where possible. Company-wide 1176:. Goods containing ingredients that have been 1090:(SHAC), an animal rights group founded in the 6637: 3773: 3286:"The Threat Of Extremism To Medical Research" 3006: 2657: 2484: 2123:, October 10, 1965, cited in Ryder, Richard. 1351:Revolutionary Cells—Animal Liberation brigade 592:animals. They employ activities that include 500: 3863:Moral status of animals in the ancient world 3143: 2356: 930:The movement aims to include animals in the 7805:List of people killed for being transgender 5830:Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society 5774:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 3801:Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases) 3146:"Kill scientists, says animal rights chief" 2772:. United States Department of Agriculture. 2601: 2599: 1301:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 1271:Timeline of Animal Liberation Front actions 772:and drawing an explicit comparison between 750:Ryder subsequently became a contributor to 6644: 6630: 3780: 3766: 3310: 2311: 2309: 1451: 1417:. A 13 November 2003 edition of CBS News' 1288:destruction of property: for example, the 1114: 1036:had been amended correspondingly in 1997. 507: 493: 74:. Please do not remove this message until 5977:Media (books, films, periodicals, albums) 5914:Human Environment Animal Protection Party 2235: 2080: 2078: 1653: 990:included in a "community of equals" with 94:Learn how and when to remove this message 6901:Social determinants of health in poverty 6035:Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology 4287:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals 2596: 1675: 1633: 1397:Criminalization of direct action methods 1387: 1274: 1102:on its website, an activist created the 1059: 1002:Legal changes influenced by the movement 845: 724: 677: 107: 70:Relevant discussion may be found on the 3878:Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare 3543:Animal Liberation Through Trade Unions? 3178:; Nocella II, Anthony J., eds. (2004). 3084: 2391: 2389: 2306: 2136:Ryder, Richard. Letters to the editor, 1055: 14: 8589: 3955:Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness 3619:(New York: Twayne Publishers, 1994). 3316: 3266:from the original on 24 September 2015 2982: 2613:from the original on 23 September 2009 2485:Tilbürger, Len; Kale, Chris P (2014). 2277: 2184: 2182: 2108:, BBC Radio 4. Retrieved 18 June 2006. 2075: 2028: 6625: 6171:Political Animals and Animal Politics 5975: 5759:Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition 5684:Centre for Animals and Social Justice 5585: 4561: 4091:Concentrated animal feeding operation 3868:Timeline of animal welfare and rights 3823:Animal rights by country or territory 3799: 3761: 3533:"FBI, ATF address domestic terrorism" 3515:, undated, retrieved 4 September 2005 3482:from the original on 14 December 2010 2902: 2898: 2896: 2864: 2860: 2858: 2856: 2794: 2505: 2317:"Tracing an animal-rights philosophy" 2273: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2231: 2229: 2143: 2099:"How animal rights took on the world" 1993: 1989: 1987: 1923: 1841: 1773: 1739: 1662: 1216: 561: 36:Animal rights by country or territory 8571: 7611:Capital punishment for homosexuality 6906:Social determinants of mental health 5902:Animalist Party with the Environment 4184:Animal testing on non-human primates 3663:James M. Jasper and Dorothy Nelkin, 3579:Turning the Tide on Animal Suffering 3156:from the original on 4 February 2021 3049:from the original on 4 February 2021 3043:"Arrests after fish market protests" 2776:from the original on 8 November 2019 2639:from the original on 19 October 2013 2511: 2457: 2386: 1919: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1911: 1837: 1835: 1833: 1831: 1829: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1719: 1703: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1691: 1685:. Broadview Press, 2003, pp. 153 ff. 1380:There are also a growing number of " 44: 7731:Genital modification and mutilation 6326:Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home 4531:World Day for the End of Speciesism 3667:(New York: The Free Press, 1992). 3426:FBI, ATF address domestic terrorism 2795:Wrenn, Corey Lee (2 January 2017). 2660:"German animals given legal rights" 2179: 2091: 2051: 1774:Wrenn, Corey Lee (1 January 2013). 1209:brutalization of nonhuman animals. 24: 6651: 6451:Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism 5794:United Activists for Animal Rights 5704:Doctors Against Animal Experiments 3838:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies 3615:Lawrence Finsen and Susan Finsen, 3497: 3262:. Huffington Post. 16 March 2014. 3125:from the original on 24 April 2006 2893: 2853: 2841:from the original on 27 April 2019 2750:from the original on 2 August 2018 2746:. Project Censored. 2 April 2014. 2633:"Germany guarantees animal rights" 2493:from the original on 12 March 2018 2292:10.1111/j.1467-954x.1995.tb00610.x 2264: 2226: 1984: 1896:from the original on 28 April 2019 1464: 1326:(HLS), using a campaign name like 816:Animal Rights and Moral Philosophy 700:It was a 1965 article by novelist 40:Animal liberation (disambiguation) 25: 8623: 5995:On Abstinence from Eating Animals 5955:Animal Rights National Conference 5878:Animal Protection Party of Canada 5835:Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society 5689:Chinese Animal Protection Network 5614:American Anti-Vivisection Society 5088:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann 3843:Animal rights in Indian religions 3833:Animal rights and punk subculture 3787: 3739: 3298:from the original on 3 March 2015 2716:Helene Guldberg (29 March 2001). 2697:from the original on 28 July 2013 2609:. Associated Press. 18 May 2002. 2535:from the original on 26 July 2020 2140:, 7 April 3 May, and 20 May 1969. 1972:from the original on 9 April 2020 1924:Wrenn, Corey Lee (1 April 2014). 1908: 1842:Wrenn, Corey Lee (1 April 2016). 1826: 1814:from the original on 9 April 2020 1752: 1716: 1688: 1071:protesting for animal liberation. 8570: 8561: 8560: 8210:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 8047:Law for Protection of the Nation 7947:White genocide conspiracy theory 6602: 6601: 6163:Animal Rights Without Liberation 5814:Voice for Animals Humane Society 4541:World Day for the End of Fishing 4536:World Day for Laboratory Animals 3966:Equal consideration of interests 3745: 2951:from the original on 31 May 2016 1506: 1492: 1236: 822:Gender, class, and other factors 580:; see, for example, the work of 474: 144: 49: 8052:MSM blood donation restrictions 7800:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 5884:Animal Justice Party of Finland 5769:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics 4978:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause 4566:(academics, writers, activists) 4459:Monkey selfie copyright dispute 3462: 3444: 3419: 3380: 3361: 3278: 3252: 3227: 3202: 3168: 3137: 3111: 3072:"Who's Afraid of Jerry Vlasak?" 3061: 3035: 3000: 2963: 2931: 2788: 2762: 2736: 2720:. Spiked online. Archived from 2709: 2677: 2651: 2625: 2572: 2547: 2478: 2451: 2408: 2373: 2333: 2206: 2167: 2130: 2111: 2097:Cox, Simon and Vadon, Richard. 2022: 1641:Journal of Political Ideologies 1557:List of animal rights advocates 1446:Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act 1203: 8065:(as religious or racial quota) 6107:Animals, Property, and the Law 4179:Alternatives to animal testing 3848:Christianity and animal rights 3600:and Anthony J. Nocella, eds., 2658:Kate Connolly (22 June 2002). 2472:10.1080/13676261.1999.10593032 2383:, Encounter Books, 2009, p. 68 2070:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 1627: 1593:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). 1578: 1405:labels underground groups the 1356:Some activists have attempted 1328:Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty 1255:Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty 1153:Animal liberationists usually 1088:Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty 842:Current status of the movement 818:by Julian H. Franklin (2005). 800:Animals, Property, and the Law 576:discrimination that they call 13: 1: 8612:21st-century social movements 8607:20th-century social movements 8602:19th-century social movements 8479:Second-generation gender bias 8195:Constitutional colorblindness 6896:Social determinants of health 5744:Korea Animal Rights Advocates 4449:Cambridge University primates 3981:Ethics of uncertain sentience 3339:10.1126/science.329.5999.1589 3209:Animal rights, terror tactics 3144:Jamie Doward (25 July 2004). 2816:10.1080/21604851.2017.1242359 1655:10.1080/13569317.2020.1756034 828:National Farmers Organization 5804:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics 3949:Argument from marginal cases 3687:(Puppy Pincher Press 2007). 1572: 1522:Abolitionism (animal rights) 1259:List of animal rights groups 916:Philosophical and legal aims 764:that Australian philosopher 7: 8390:Medical model of disability 8242:Hate speech laws by country 6091:Morals, Reason, and Animals 5719:Farm Animal Rights Movement 5669:Anonymous for the Voiceless 4353:International primate trade 3828:Anarchism and animal rights 1485: 1267:Anarchism and animal rights 1211:Farm Animal Rights Movement 76:conditions to do so are met 10: 8628: 8499:Social model of disability 6951:Discrimination against men 6211:Making a Stand for Animals 6083:The Case for Animal Rights 5734:Hunt Saboteurs Association 5694:Cruelty Free International 5664:Anti-Vivisection Coalition 4189:Animal testing regulations 2429:10.1177/009145090202900209 2417:Contemporary Drug Problems 2250:10.1177/089124399013001004 1240: 1130: 1126: 1005: 919: 788:The Case for Animal Rights 619: 615: 29: 18:Animal liberation movement 8556: 8295: 8172: 7965: 7852:Opposition to immigration 7576: 7206: 7043: 6803: 6753:Race / Ethnicity 6690: 6659: 6597: 6570: 6517: 6467: 6407: 6400: 6366:The Ghosts in Our Machine 6221: 6203:Animal Ethics in the Wild 5986: 5982: 5971: 5947: 5858: 5822: 5639:Animal Legal Defense Fund 5606: 5599: 5595: 5581: 5418: 5137: 5130: 4933:William Hamilton Drummond 4875: 4584: 4575: 4571: 4557: 4518: 4497: 4436: 4386: 4328: 4300: 4292:Welfare of farmed insects 4237: 4169: 4061: 4054: 3919:Animal–industrial complex 3886: 3810: 3806: 3795: 3513:AnimalLiberationFront.com 2917:10.1080/14742830500051994 2521:. PM Press. p. 137. 2370:, Winter 2002, volume 21. 2351:Animal Legal Defense Fund 2328:Christian Science Monitor 1950:10.1007/s10806-013-9458-7 1871:10.1007/s10806-015-9593-4 1792:10.1163/15685306-12341271 1595:Santa Barbara, California 1552:International Primate Day 1527:Animal–industrial complex 976:Declaration on Great Apes 964:Department of Agriculture 896:in the United States and 810:by another legal scholar 258:Animal–industrial complex 7847:Occupational segregation 7616:Compulsory sterilization 6444:Journal of Animal Ethics 6310:Your Mommy Kills Animals 5699:Direct Action Everywhere 5103:Johann Heinrich Winckler 5048:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers 4505:Direct Action Everywhere 4209:Huntingdon Life Sciences 4194:Labcorp Drug Development 4151:Feedback (pork industry) 4116:Intensive animal farming 3853:History of animal rights 3431:20 December 2005 at the 2879:10.1177/1461444810365304 2460:Journal of Youth Studies 2195:18 November 2008 at the 2104:15 February 2009 at the 2008:10.1163/156853010X510762 1435:, are considered by the 1364:, malicious phonecalls, 1324:Huntingdon Life Sciences 1096:Huntingdon Life Sciences 1020:to recognize animals as 873:American Bar Association 802:(1995) by legal scholar 761:New York Review of Books 536:animal advocacy movement 8375:Internalized oppression 8237:Fighting Discrimination 8227:Fat acceptance movement 8185:Anti-discrimination law 7825:Native American mascots 6579:Holocaust on your Plate 6350:An Apology to Elephants 6131:Do Animals Have Rights? 6067:Animals, Men and Morals 6043:Better-World Philosophy 5920:Italian Animalist Party 5799:United Poultry Concerns 5754:Last Chance for Animals 5649:Animal Liberation Front 5536:Maud Ingersoll Probasco 4021:Replaceability argument 3939:Animal-free agriculture 3604:(Lantern Books, 2004). 3409:4 February 2021 at the 3239:5 February 2008 at the 3214:6 February 2006 at the 2905:Social Movement Studies 2867:New Media & Society 2583:13 January 2013 at the 2566:Animal Liberation Front 2489:. Active Distribution. 2401:19 October 2003 at the 2280:The Sociological Review 2201:Encyclopædia Britannica 1670:Encyclopædia Britannica 1634:Lucardie, Paul (2020). 1542:Critical animal studies 1452:Inter-movement activity 1429:Animal Liberation Front 1415:terrorist organizations 1407:Animal Liberation Front 1403:U.S. Justice Department 1320:Animal Liberation Front 1279:A fire, claimed by the 1247:Animal Liberation Front 1198:Compassion Over Killing 1115:Undercover surveillance 756:Animals, Men and Morals 526:, sometimes called the 8597:Animal rights movement 8494:Social identity threat 8467:Reverse discrimination 8457:Racial color blindness 7937:Violence against women 7917:Sex-selective abortion 6552:Salvation of Innocents 6099:Zoos and Animal Rights 5674:Beauty Without Cruelty 5634:Animal Justice Project 4968:John Zephaniah Holwell 4622:Stephen St. C. Bostock 4199:Great ape research ban 3818:Animal rights movement 3752:Animal rights movement 3750:Quotations related to 2975:25 August 2005 at the 2718:"The great ape debate" 2219:2 January 2020 at the 2029:Rushen, Joyce (1993). 1433:Earth Liberation Front 1411:Earth Liberation Front 1284: 1222:Non-violent resistance 1072: 946: 851: 733: 723: 686: 120: 38:. For other uses, see 8462:Religious intolerance 8422:Political correctness 8252:Intersex human rights 8200:Cultural assimilation 7882:Religious persecution 7646:Disability hate crime 7421:Jewish / Antisemitism 6571:Fairs and exhibitions 6458:The Animals' Defender 6430:Cahiers antispécistes 6358:Speciesism: The Movie 6179:Animal (De)liberation 6139:Striking at the Roots 6051:The Universal Kinship 6011:The Rights of Animals 5932:People Animals Nature 5926:Party for the Animals 5739:In Defense of Animals 5501:Nina Douglas-Hamilton 4888:David Renaud Boullier 4474:Silver Spring monkeys 4373:Wild animal suffering 4282:Pain in invertebrates 4121:Intensive pig farming 4011:Opposition to hunting 3976:Ethics of eating meat 3077:21 April 2008 at the 2635:. CNN. 21 June 2002. 2368:The Animals' Advocate 2322:19 March 2019 at the 2156:14 March 2020 at the 1996:Society & Animals 1780:Society & Animals 1742:Peace Studies Journal 1393:the entire movement. 1388:Targeting researchers 1343:Animal Rights Militia 1308:leaderless resistance 1278: 1263:Leaderless resistance 1241:Further information: 1131:Further information: 1063: 1032:member to do so. The 941: 920:Further information: 849: 728: 712: 681: 620:Further information: 111: 7867:Political repression 6856:Anti-left handedness 6846:Anti-intellectualism 6187:Sentientist Politics 6115:The Lives of Animals 5866:Animal Justice Party 5679:Born Free Foundation 5516:Lizzy Lind af Hageby 5390:Wendy Turner-Webster 5098:Adam Gottlieb Weigen 4320:Recreational fishing 4161:Ventilation shutdown 3929:Animal protectionism 3909:Animal consciousness 3535:, by Terry Frieden, 3373:4 March 2016 at the 2770:"Animal Welfare Act" 2345:6 March 2008 at the 2340:"Animal law courses" 2238:Gender & Society 2223:by Ryan J. Stockwell 2033:. Lavenham Suffolk: 1332:property destruction 1330:(SHAC). Some arson, 1186:Procter & Gamble 1056:Strategy and tactics 1008:Great ape personhood 907:Michael Socarras of 714:The relationship of 396:Animal protectionism 8370:Historical eugenics 7907:Segregation academy 7887:Religious terrorism 7676:Enemy of the people 7584:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 7088:Jehovah's Witnesses 6976:Perpetual foreigner 6611:( 139 ) 6437:Etica & Animali 6423:Between the Species 6147:An American Trilogy 5840:Humanitarian League 5451:Frances Power Cobbe 5063:Arthur Schopenhauer 5058:Henry Stephens Salt 4938:Edward Payson Evans 4632:Stephen R. L. Clark 4489:War of the currents 4378:Wildlife management 4272:Pain in crustaceans 4267:Pain in cephalopods 3648:Harold D. Guither, 3571:, 10 December 2013. 3388:"Provencio Release" 3331:2010Sci...329.1589M 3325:(5999): 1589–1590. 3045:. 12 October 2019. 2944:The Washington Post 2559:25 May 2019 at the 2138:The Daily Telegraph 2088:. Berg, 2000, p. 6. 2031:She Heard Their Cry 1942:2014JAEE...27..177W 1863:2016JAEE...29..143W 1370:theft of the corpse 739:The Daily Telegraph 669:Henry Stephens Salt 653:and by the pioneer 63:of this article is 8282:Social integration 8277:Self-determination 8267:Racial integration 8215:Diversity training 8205:Cultural pluralism 8180:Affirmative action 8080:Racial segregation 7990:Crime of apartheid 7892:Religious violence 7385:Indigenous people 6780:Sexual orientation 6374:Unlocking the Cage 6195:Wild Animal Ethics 6019:The Ethics of Diet 5896:Animalist Movement 5872:Animal Politics EU 5784:Sentience Politics 5410:That Vegan Teacher 5023:Siobhan O'Sullivan 5008:José Ferrater Mora 4817:Steve F. Sapontzis 4310:Commercial fishing 4262:Pain in amphibians 4252:Cruelty to animals 4224:Operation Backfire 4063:Animal agriculture 3971:Emotion in animals 3584:The New York Times 3557:Friends of Animals 3249:, 25 October 2005. 2970:Cruelty To Animals 2362:Dershowitz, Alan. 2149:Ryder, Richard D. 2064:2 May 2008 at the 1683:Animals and Ethics 1547:Cruelty to animals 1459:Gezi Park protests 1347:Justice Department 1310:model, working in 1285: 1281:Oxford Arson Squad 1226:civil disobedience 1217:Non-violent action 1073: 978:, which would see 970:The Seattle-based 956:Animal Welfare Act 935:and to award them 865:Harvard Law School 852: 774:women's liberation 734: 687: 562:Terms and factions 481:Animals portal 121: 8584: 8583: 8452:Racism by country 8380:Intersectionality 8365:Heteronormativity 8164:Voter suppression 7912:Sexual harassment 7711:Forced conversion 7631:Cultural genocide 7284:African Americans 7098:post–Cold War era 7083:Eastern Orthodoxy 6841:Anti-drug addicts 6836:Anti-homelessness 6763:Scientific racism 6619: 6618: 6612: 6593: 6592: 6589: 6588: 6560:Onward to Freedom 6528:Animal Liberation 6513: 6512: 6334:Forks Over Knives 6286:Peaceable Kingdom 6246:Shores of Silence 6238:A Cow at My Table 6123:Eternal Treblinka 6075:Animal Liberation 5967: 5966: 5963: 5962: 5854: 5853: 5789:Uncaged Campaigns 5764:Mercy for Animals 5729:Great Ape Project 5644:Animal Liberation 5590:(groups, parties) 5577: 5576: 5573: 5572: 5569: 5568: 5476:Elizabeth Farians 5385:Christine Townend 5325:Heather Nicholson 5250:Brigitte Gothière 5240:Antoine Goetschel 5126: 5125: 4787:Charles Patterson 4692:Gary L. Francione 4667:Josephine Donovan 4657:Daniel Dombrowski 4637:Alasdair Cochrane 4553: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4432: 4431: 4363:Predation problem 4247:Animal euthanasia 4156:Foam depopulation 3991:Insects in ethics 3693:978-0-9555850-0-5 3631:Gary L. Francione 3529:, 5 November 2005 3224:, 30 August 2007. 3195:978-1-59056-054-9 2994:Animal Liberation 2590:Great Ape Project 2379:Smith, Wesley J. 2330:, 9 October 2001. 2315:Jonsson, Patrik. 2035:ACMS Publications 1668:"Animal rights," 1612:978-1-4408-4110-1 1178:tested on animals 1034:German Civil Code 972:Great Ape Project 909:Greenberg Traurig 779:Animal Liberation 532:animal personhood 528:animal liberation 517: 516: 361:Companion animals 104: 103: 96: 16:(Redirected from 8619: 8574: 8573: 8564: 8563: 8504:Social privilege 8489:Social exclusion 8417:Police brutality 8338:Multiculturalism 8308:Amatonormativity 8139:Social exclusion 7975:Age of candidacy 7775:Homeless dumping 7681:Ethnic cleansing 6646: 6639: 6632: 6623: 6622: 6610: 6605: 6604: 6416:Animal Sentience 6405: 6404: 6270:Legally Blonde 2 6230:The Animals Film 5984: 5983: 5973: 5972: 5779:Rise for Animals 5604: 5603: 5597: 5596: 5583: 5582: 5446:Edith Carrington 5350:Craig Rosebraugh 5310:Virginia McKenna 5300:Jo-Anne McArthur 5230:Juliet Gellatley 5135: 5134: 5093:Mary Anne Warren 5033:Humphrey Primatt 5018:Edward Nicholson 4988:Charles R. Magel 4953:Thomas G. Gentry 4812:Richard D. Ryder 4752:Thomas Lepeltier 4582: 4581: 4573: 4572: 4559: 4558: 4526:World Animal Day 4484:Unnecessary Fuss 4444:Brown Dog affair 4414:Animals in sport 4404:Animal slaughter 4399:Animal sacrifice 4338:Culling wildlife 4141:Wildlife farming 4059: 4058: 3904:Animal cognition 3873:Total liberation 3808: 3807: 3797: 3796: 3782: 3775: 3768: 3759: 3758: 3749: 3587:. June 10, 2023. 3549:, Issue 15, 1999 3492: 3491: 3489: 3487: 3481: 3474: 3466: 3460: 3448: 3442: 3423: 3417: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3394:on 23 March 2003 3390:. Archived from 3384: 3378: 3365: 3359: 3358: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3297: 3290: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3256: 3250: 3231: 3225: 3206: 3200: 3199: 3172: 3166: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3115: 3109: 3095:Free the animals 3088: 3082: 3065: 3059: 3058: 3056: 3054: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3004: 2998: 2986: 2980: 2967: 2961: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2935: 2929: 2928: 2900: 2891: 2890: 2862: 2851: 2850: 2848: 2846: 2840: 2801: 2792: 2786: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2740: 2734: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2713: 2707: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2696: 2689: 2681: 2675: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2655: 2649: 2648: 2646: 2644: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2603: 2594: 2576: 2570: 2551: 2545: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2509: 2503: 2502: 2500: 2498: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2412: 2406: 2393: 2384: 2377: 2371: 2360: 2354: 2337: 2331: 2313: 2304: 2303: 2275: 2262: 2261: 2233: 2224: 2210: 2204: 2186: 2177: 2171: 2165: 2164:, 6 August 2005. 2147: 2141: 2134: 2128: 2120:The Sunday Times 2117:Brophy, Brigid. 2115: 2109: 2095: 2089: 2084:Ryder, Richard. 2082: 2073: 2055: 2049: 2048: 2026: 2020: 2019: 1991: 1982: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1921: 1906: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1895: 1848: 1839: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1771: 1750: 1749: 1737: 1714: 1713: 1701: 1686: 1679: 1673: 1666: 1660: 1659: 1657: 1631: 1625: 1624: 1599:Denver, Colorado 1582: 1516: 1511: 1510: 1502: 1497: 1496: 1441:Counterterrorism 1231:Animal Rebellion 1184:are common. The 869:bar associations 707:The Sunday Times 634:Richard D. Ryder 509: 502: 495: 479: 478: 439:Environmentalism 166:Around the world 148: 138: 123: 122: 99: 92: 88: 85: 79: 53: 52: 45: 21: 8627: 8626: 8622: 8621: 8620: 8618: 8617: 8616: 8587: 8586: 8585: 8580: 8552: 8427:Polyculturalism 8323:Civil liberties 8291: 8272:Reappropriation 8173:Countermeasures 8168: 8097:Racial steering 8063:Numerus clausus 7967: 7961: 7686:Ethnic conflict 7621:Corrective rape 7572: 7202: 7157:minority Muslim 7039: 6931:HIV/AIDS stigma 6799: 6748:Mental disorder 6686: 6655: 6650: 6620: 6615: 6585: 6566: 6509: 6490:Muutoksen kevät 6463: 6396: 6302:Behind the Mask 6217: 6027:Animals' Rights 5978: 5959: 5943: 5850: 5818: 5591: 5565: 5426:Cleveland Amory 5414: 5380:Darren Thurston 5375:Marianne Thieme 5225:Bruce Friedrich 5190:Joey Carbstrong 5175:Brigitte Bardot 5122: 5113:Jon Wynne-Tyson 5003:J. Howard Moore 4948:John Galsworthy 4928:Wilhelm Dietler 4871: 4867:Corey Lee Wrenn 4777:Martha Nussbaum 4687:Lawrence Finsen 4627:Paola Cavalieri 4602:Kristin Andrews 4577: 4567: 4545: 4514: 4493: 4428: 4382: 4324: 4296: 4257:Pain in animals 4233: 4165: 4131:Poultry farming 4050: 3882: 3802: 3791: 3786: 3742: 3575:Nicolas Kristof 3500: 3498:Further reading 3495: 3485: 3483: 3479: 3472: 3468: 3467: 3463: 3459:, 18 June 2006. 3449: 3445: 3433:Wayback Machine 3424: 3420: 3411:Wayback Machine 3397: 3395: 3386: 3385: 3381: 3375:Wayback Machine 3366: 3362: 3315: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3295: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3279: 3269: 3267: 3258: 3257: 3253: 3241:Wayback Machine 3232: 3228: 3216:Wayback Machine 3207: 3203: 3196: 3188:. p. 301. 3173: 3169: 3159: 3157: 3142: 3138: 3128: 3126: 3117: 3116: 3112: 3091:Newkirk, Ingrid 3089: 3085: 3079:Wayback Machine 3066: 3062: 3052: 3050: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3021:10.2307/3097043 3009:Social Problems 3005: 3001: 2987: 2983: 2977:Wayback Machine 2968: 2964: 2954: 2952: 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1628: 1613: 1587:"Animal Rights" 1583: 1579: 1575: 1532:Animal research 1512: 1505: 1498: 1491: 1488: 1467: 1465:Countermovement 1454: 1399: 1390: 1273: 1239: 1219: 1206: 1159:factory farming 1151: 1133:Factory farming 1129: 1117: 1078: 1058: 1010: 1004: 932:moral community 928: 918: 889:, particularly 857:Alan Dershowitz 844: 824: 640: 618: 564: 540:social movement 513: 473: 466: 465: 429: 421: 420: 386: 378: 377: 253: 245: 244: 218: 208: 207: 156: 136: 100: 89: 83: 80: 69: 54: 50: 43: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8625: 8615: 8614: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8582: 8581: 8579: 8578: 8568: 8557: 8554: 8553: 8551: 8550: 8545: 8544: 8543: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8522: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8475: 8474: 8472:Reverse racism 8464: 8459: 8454: 8449: 8444: 8442:Prisoner abuse 8439: 8434: 8432:Power distance 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8399: 8398: 8397: 8387: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8362: 8357: 8352: 8350:Ethnic penalty 8347: 8346: 8345: 8343:Neurodiversity 8340: 8330: 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6354: 6346: 6338: 6330: 6322: 6314: 6306: 6298: 6290: 6282: 6274: 6266: 6262:Meet Your Meat 6258: 6250: 6242: 6234: 6225: 6223: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6215: 6207: 6199: 6191: 6183: 6175: 6167: 6159: 6151: 6143: 6135: 6127: 6119: 6111: 6103: 6095: 6087: 6079: 6071: 6063: 6059:The New Ethics 6055: 6047: 6039: 6031: 6023: 6015: 6007: 5999: 5990: 5988: 5980: 5979: 5969: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5961: 5960: 5958: 5957: 5951: 5949: 5945: 5944: 5942: 5941: 5935: 5929: 5923: 5917: 5911: 5905: 5899: 5893: 5890:Animals' Party 5887: 5881: 5875: 5869: 5862: 5860: 5856: 5855: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5848: 5843: 5837: 5832: 5826: 5824: 5820: 5819: 5817: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5661: 5659:AnimaNaturalis 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5629:Animal Justice 5626: 5621: 5616: 5610: 5608: 5601: 5593: 5592: 5579: 5578: 5575: 5574: 5571: 5570: 5567: 5566: 5564: 5563: 5561:Gretchen Wyler 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5491:Lewis Gompertz 5488: 5483: 5481:Emarel Freshel 5478: 5473: 5471:Muriel Dowding 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5422: 5420: 5416: 5415: 5413: 5412: 5407: 5405:Gary Yourofsky 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5320:Ingrid Newkirk 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5260:Charlotte Laws 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5185:Yves Bonnardel 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5160:Martin Balluch 5157: 5152: 5147: 5141: 5139: 5132: 5128: 5127: 5124: 5123: 5121: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5108:Steven M. Wise 5105: 5100: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5053:Bernard Rollin 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5013:Leonard Nelson 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4980: 4975: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4918:Herman Daggett 4915: 4910: 4908:Priscilla Cohn 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4883:Jeremy Bentham 4879: 4877: 4873: 4872: 4870: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4797:Jessica Pierce 4794: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4727:Kyle Johannsen 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4652:David DeGrazia 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4592:Carol J. Adams 4588: 4586: 4579: 4569: 4568: 4555: 4554: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4522: 4520: 4516: 4515: 4513: 4512: 4507: 4501: 4499: 4495: 4494: 4492: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4464:Pit of despair 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4440: 4438: 4434: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4394:Abandoned pets 4390: 4388: 4384: 4383: 4381: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4334: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4323: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4306: 4304: 4298: 4297: 4295: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4249: 4243: 4241: 4239:Animal welfare 4235: 4234: 4232: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4214:Model organism 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4175: 4173: 4171:Animal testing 4167: 4166: 4164: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4146:Working animal 4143: 4138: 4136:Slaughterhouse 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4111:Insect farming 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4071:Animal product 4067: 4065: 4056: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4026:Sentiocentrism 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3934:Animal welfare 3931: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3890: 3888: 3884: 3883: 3881: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3840: 3835: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3814: 3812: 3804: 3803: 3793: 3792: 3785: 3784: 3777: 3770: 3762: 3756: 3755: 3741: 3740:External links 3738: 3737: 3736: 3718: 3699:Ingrid Newkirk 3696: 3676: 3661: 3646: 3628: 3613: 3610:978-1590560549 3594: 3593: 3589: 3588: 3572: 3560: 3553:Movement Watch 3550: 3540: 3530: 3519:"Burning Rage" 3516: 3511:by Jeff Sebo, 3505: 3504: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3493: 3461: 3443: 3441:, 19 May 2005. 3418: 3379: 3368:"Animal Pride" 3360: 3309: 3277: 3251: 3226: 3201: 3194: 3167: 3136: 3110: 3083: 3060: 3034: 3015:(4): 493–512. 2999: 2981: 2962: 2930: 2892: 2852: 2787: 2761: 2735: 2724:on 21 May 2011 2708: 2676: 2650: 2624: 2595: 2571: 2546: 2528:978-1604860511 2527: 2504: 2477: 2466:(2): 133–151. 2450: 2407: 2385: 2372: 2355: 2332: 2305: 2286:(3): 435–461. 2263: 2225: 2205: 2178: 2166: 2142: 2129: 2110: 2090: 2074: 2050: 2043: 2021: 2002:(3): 231–250. 1983: 1936:(2): 177–200. 1907: 1857:(2): 143–165. 1825: 1786:(4): 379–394. 1751: 1715: 1687: 1674: 1661: 1648:(2): 212–227. 1626: 1611: 1605:. p. 38. 1576: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1518: 1517: 1514:Society portal 1503: 1500:Animals portal 1487: 1484: 1466: 1463: 1453: 1450: 1425:eco-terrorists 1423:charged that " 1398: 1395: 1389: 1386: 1251:SPEAK campaign 1238: 1235: 1218: 1215: 1205: 1202: 1194:Vegan Outreach 1128: 1125: 1116: 1113: 1077: 1074: 1057: 1054: 1030:European Union 1003: 1000: 917: 914: 861:Laurence Tribe 843: 840: 823: 820: 812:Steven M. Wise 804:Gary Francione 770:utilitarianism 661:'s 1906 novel 659:Upton Sinclair 626:Gary Francione 617: 614: 598:animal welfare 573:utilitarianism 563: 560: 515: 514: 512: 511: 504: 497: 489: 486: 485: 484: 483: 468: 467: 464: 463: 458: 453: 448: 447: 446: 436: 430: 428:Related topics 427: 426: 423: 422: 419: 418: 413: 411:Sentiocentrism 408: 403: 398: 393: 387: 384: 383: 380: 379: 376: 375: 374: 373: 368: 358: 357: 356: 351: 346: 336: 335: 334: 327:Animal testing 324: 323: 322: 317: 312: 302: 301: 300: 295: 290: 285: 275: 270: 265: 260: 254: 251: 250: 247: 246: 243: 242: 237: 236: 235: 230: 219: 214: 213: 210: 209: 206: 205: 204: 203: 196:Primate rights 193: 188: 183: 181:Animal cruelty 178: 173: 168: 163: 161:Animal welfare 157: 154: 153: 150: 149: 141: 140: 132: 131: 102: 101: 57: 55: 48: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8624: 8613: 8610: 8608: 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8594: 8592: 8577: 8569: 8567: 8559: 8558: 8555: 8549: 8546: 8542: 8539: 8538: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8526:Social stigma 8524: 8520: 8517: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8507: 8506: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8473: 8470: 8469: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8396: 8393: 8392: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8353: 8351: 8348: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8335: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8300: 8298: 8294: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8216: 8213: 8212: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8177: 8175: 8171: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8149:State atheism 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8114: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8085:Jim Crow laws 8083: 8082: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8070:One-drop rule 8068: 8066: 8064: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7997: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7985:Blood quantum 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7972: 7970: 7964: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7932:Victimisation 7930: 7928: 7927:Trans bashing 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7897:Religious war 7895: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7877:Racialization 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7827: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7759: 7756: 7755: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7748:Glass ceiling 7746: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7691:Ethnic hatred 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7626:Counter-jihad 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7590: 7587: 7586: 7585: 7582: 7581: 7579: 7575: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7427: 7424: 7423: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7400: 7399:United States 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7386: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7307: 7304: 7302: 7299: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7281: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7263: 7262:United States 7260: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7249: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7214: 7212: 7210: 7205: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7183:Protestantism 7181: 7179: 7176: 7172: 7169: 7168: 7167: 7164: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7134: 7133: 7130: 7129: 7128: 7125: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7112: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7093:LDS or Mormon 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7075: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7050: 7048: 7046: 7042: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7018:Transmisogyny 7016: 7014: 7011: 7010: 7009: 7006: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6993: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6921:Gerontophobia 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6851:Anti-intersex 6849: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6826:Anti-albinism 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6808: 6806: 6802: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6755: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6695: 6693: 6689: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6667:Institutional 6665: 6664: 6662: 6658: 6654: 6647: 6642: 6640: 6635: 6633: 6628: 6627: 6624: 6608: 6600: 6599: 6596: 6581: 6580: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6569: 6562: 6561: 6557: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6546: 6545: 6541: 6538: 6537: 6536:Tame Yourself 6533: 6530: 6529: 6525: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6516: 6506: 6505: 6501: 6499: 6498: 6497:No Compromise 6494: 6492: 6491: 6487: 6485: 6484: 6480: 6478: 6477: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6460: 6459: 6455: 6453: 6452: 6448: 6446: 6445: 6441: 6439: 6438: 6434: 6432: 6431: 6427: 6425: 6424: 6420: 6418: 6417: 6413: 6412: 6410: 6406: 6403: 6399: 6392: 6391: 6387: 6384: 6383: 6379: 6376: 6375: 6371: 6368: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6359: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6347: 6344: 6343: 6339: 6336: 6335: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6323: 6320: 6319: 6315: 6312: 6311: 6307: 6304: 6303: 6299: 6296: 6295: 6291: 6288: 6287: 6283: 6280: 6279: 6275: 6272: 6271: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6259: 6256: 6255: 6251: 6248: 6247: 6243: 6240: 6239: 6235: 6232: 6231: 6227: 6226: 6224: 6220: 6213: 6212: 6208: 6205: 6204: 6200: 6197: 6196: 6192: 6189: 6188: 6184: 6181: 6180: 6176: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6165: 6164: 6160: 6157: 6156: 6152: 6149: 6148: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6136: 6133: 6132: 6128: 6125: 6124: 6120: 6117: 6116: 6112: 6109: 6108: 6104: 6101: 6100: 6096: 6093: 6092: 6088: 6085: 6084: 6080: 6077: 6076: 6072: 6069: 6068: 6064: 6061: 6060: 6056: 6053: 6052: 6048: 6045: 6044: 6040: 6037: 6036: 6032: 6029: 6028: 6024: 6021: 6020: 6016: 6013: 6012: 6008: 6005: 6004: 6000: 5998:(3rd century) 5997: 5996: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5985: 5981: 5974: 5970: 5956: 5953: 5952: 5950: 5946: 5939: 5936: 5933: 5930: 5928:(Netherlands) 5927: 5924: 5921: 5918: 5915: 5912: 5909: 5906: 5903: 5900: 5897: 5894: 5891: 5888: 5885: 5882: 5879: 5876: 5873: 5870: 5867: 5864: 5863: 5861: 5857: 5847: 5844: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5827: 5825: 5821: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5654:Animal Rising 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5624:Animal Ethics 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5611: 5609: 5605: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5580: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5521:Jessie Mackay 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5496:James Granger 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5431:Henry B. Amos 5429: 5427: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5417: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5400:Louise Wallis 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5365:Kim Stallwood 5363: 5361: 5360:Jasmin Singer 5358: 5356: 5355:Nathan Runkle 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5340:David Olivier 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5220:John Feldmann 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5195:Aymeric Caron 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5165:Carole Baskin 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5133: 5129: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5068:Laurids Smith 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5038:James Rachels 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4983:John Lawrence 4981: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4893:Brigid Brophy 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4874: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4857:Tatjana Višak 4855: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4847:David Sztybel 4845: 4843: 4842:Cass Sunstein 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4807:Mark Rowlands 4805: 4803: 4802:Evelyn Pluhar 4800: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4757:Andrew Linzey 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4742:Will Kymlicka 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4722:Dale Jamieson 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4702:Valéry Giroux 4700: 4698: 4697:Robert Garner 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4662:Sue Donaldson 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4642:J. M. Coetzee 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4607:Tom Beauchamp 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4583: 4580: 4574: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4556: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4523: 4521: 4517: 4511: 4510:Hunt sabotage 4508: 4506: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4498:Methodologies 4496: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4441: 4439: 4435: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4391: 4389: 4385: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4343:Hare coursing 4341: 4339: 4336: 4335: 4333: 4331: 4327: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4299: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4236: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 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