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academic preparation, and intellectual tenacity to excel in an exclusive institution of higher education – something that was rare, especially for women. The bigotry exhibited in the article perhaps highlights the trickiness of values and aspirations harbored by Ms. Hemmings in the face of polar trade-offs – especially given that attending Vassar
College had been a childhood dream, a dream elevated into reality with encouragement from another influential woman.
2043:, Olivia Mancini, a local journalist, said this recognition "brought graduation and presence to a level of honor that it should have had a hundred years ago." Vassar has acknowledged Anita Hemmings as the first African American to graduate the college, and noted that for almost all of her college career, she was thought to be white.
2032:, but they were false. Some said that Hemmings was the most attractive woman in her class. Classmates believed that she may have had 'Indian blood', as she was darker skinned than some girls and had straight black hair. She sang soprano in the glee club and was the featured soloist at the local churches in Poughkeepsie.
31:
2235:
one that reflected perceived social norms, and one of myriad possible seemingly authoritative influences that showered Ms. Hemmings. The author likely thought that they were generously lauding Ms. Hemmings for possessing (i) beauty deemed, in the day, as exceptional by whites and (ii) the upbringing,
2020:
Fulfilling a childhood dream, Hemmings attended Vassar, and earned a
Bachelor of Arts degree in 1897. Based on her appearance and visible European ancestry, she was apparently assumed to be white. About the time she graduated, a Boston newspaper reported that Fred J. Hemmings, an African American,
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2364:
by Nora
Nouritza Nercessian, "African-American Health Community in Boston in the Early 20th Century," Appendix C: "Postgraduate Students of African Descent at Harvard Medical School 1873–1968"
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1995:
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2199:"Dark, But Beautiful: Colored Girl Went Through Exclusive Vassar College – Her Secret Not Guessed Until After Graduation, and She Got Her Diploma – She Hailed From Boston,"
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for two years (1930 and 1931), then devoted himself to music and became an acclaimed jazz vocalist. He was a founder of the jazz trio, the
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for a black-and-white sketch. He had graduated June 26, 1899, from the
Sherwin School, a high school for African Americans in
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2225:") and vernacular of article is a noteworthy window into the bigotry of journalism of the era, and white society itself. The
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Against all Odds: The Legacy of
Students of African Descent at Harvard Medical School Before Affirmative Action, 1850–1968,
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Woman's Who's Who of
America: A Biographical Dictionary of Contemporary Women of the United States and Canada, 1914-1915
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Robert
Williamson Hemmings, Jr. (born 1882), studied art and in 1903 won a bronze medal and scholarship from the
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as adults for socioeconomic benefit. They did not inform their children of their biracial ancestry.
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Frederic
Henderson Hemmings; 1873–1956), earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry from
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1805:(June 8, 1872 – 1960) was known as the first African American woman to graduate from
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1856–1941) and Robert
Williamson Hemmings, Sr. (1843–1908). Anita was raised as an
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to recognize
Hemmings at that year's centennial celebration. Writing about it in
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Like some other black Americans of mixed ancestry, both Hemmings and her husband
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for socioeconomic benefits. After graduation, Hemmings became a librarian at the
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In 1997, Vassar African-American studies students petitioned college president
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for African Americans. In the summer of 1905, he did post-graduate studies at
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2443:"Passing: How posing as white became a choice for many black Americans"
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Anita married Andrew Jackson Love (1861–1948), on October 20, 1903, at
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1893:. Their marriage license indicates their race as African American.
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White Like Her: My Family's Story of Race and Racial Passing
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will produce and star in a biopic of Hemmings' life titled
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distinguished for having the first medical school in the
1851:
1809:. As she was of both African and European ancestry, she
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Twenty-Ninth Annual Catalogue and Quadrennial Year Book
2193:
1977:. Around 1939, the trio recorded a nationally popular
2025:, and he had a sister at Vassar. Her story came out.
2009:, where she had been roommates with Elizabeth Baker
1969:, graduating around 1930. He studied pre-med at the
2217:Note: The offensive tenor of the headline ("Black,
2206:Vol. 52, No. 47. August 16, 1897, p. 1 (accessible
2067:. This explores Hemmings' life in a fictional way.
2028:Later, rumors circulated that she should have been
1947:Barbara Hope Love (1907–2007). On June 9, 1930, in
1685:
Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers
2291:Medical and Surgical Register of the United States
1944:, she married Charles Beckinton Atkin (1906–1987).
1936:Ellen Parker Love (1905–1995), a 1927 graduate of
1857:Elizabeth "Libby" N. Hemings (born 1876), married
2700:Girls' High School (Boston, Massachusetts) alumni
2283:
1989:
2626:
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2013:1868–1943), who, on September 23, 1896, married
1896:In 1890, Love earned a medical degree from the
2502:"Hiding from One's True Self" (book review of
2390:Jillian Clare Atkin; born 1969) (March 1999).
2265:
412:Education of freed people during the Civil War
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2422:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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1957:(1911–1982), jazz musician. He attended the
423:Historically black colleges and universities
16:First black student to attend Vassar College
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1961:until around 1937, then transferred to the
407:Education during the slave period in the US
2426:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2400:. Vol. 50, no. 1. Archived from
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730:National Black Caucus of State Legislators
29:
1825:Anita Hemmings was born June 8, 1872, in
186:Slavery in the colonial history of the US
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2089:Biographies of other multi-racial people
2051:In November 2017, it was announced that
2001:Hemmings attended preparation school at
1993:
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2368:, publisher, 2004, pps. 280 & 287;
2337:"Passing as White: Anita Hemmings 1897"
2334:
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2441:Haynes, Monica L. (October 26, 2003).
2440:
2155:The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man
2611:
2325:
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1861:, MD (1880–1953), on May 3, 1904, in
928:Athletic associations and conferences
417:History of African-American education
2705:19th-century African-American people
2665:20th-century African-American people
2231:was a major voice in North America;
851:Association for the Study of African
2675:19th-century African-American women
2660:20th-century African-American women
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1665:Race and ethnicity in the US census
1166:African-American Vernacular English
735:National Conference of Black Mayors
13:
2640:African-American history in Boston
2612:Leads, Abbie (November 30, 2011).
2559:Lukasik, Gail (October 17, 2017).
2071:will also produce the project and
868:National Black Chamber of Commerce
14:
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2635:American people of Creole descent
2581:
1572:Places by plurality of population
238:Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
228:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
181:Abolitionism in the United States
2594:. American Commonwealth Company.
2280:Vol. 8, No. 3, July 1914, p. 111
1934:
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1820:
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269:Black Belt in the American South
2341:Vassar, the Alumnae/i Quarterly
873:National Council of Negro Women
113:
2599:Sim, Jillian A. (March 1999).
2588:Leonard, John William (1914).
1990:Secondary and higher education
1829:. Her parents were Dora Logan
1670:Racism against Black Americans
1:
2186:
878:National Pan-Hellenic Council
2695:20th-century American people
2614:"Re: (?Andrew) Jackson Love"
1680:School segregation in the US
1218:Black American Sign Language
1192:Languages and other dialects
67:1960 (aged 87–88)
7:
2670:19th-century American women
2655:African-American librarians
2607:. Vol. 50, no. 1.
2306:; see p. 127); '90" p. 1385
2082:
1930:
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507:African-American businesses
10:
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2513:July 14, 2016 (accessible
2343:. Vol. 98, no. 1
2300:Meharry Medical Department
2079:will distribute the film.
2059:, based on the 2016 novel
1910:historically black college
1898:Meharry Medical Department
1880:
1045:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
720:Congressional Black Caucus
687:African Diaspora Religions
474:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
2650:American women librarians
2506:by Terri Schlichenmeyer,
2320:Central Tennessee College
2304:Central Tennessee College
2248:"Frederick John Hemmings"
1967:Northfield, Massachusetts
1902:Central Tennessee College
1552:US states and territories
853:American Life and History
575:Lift Every Voice and Sing
284:Treatment of the enslaved
123:
100:
92:
82:
63:
37:
28:
21:
2524:, subscription required)
2335:Mancini, Olivia (2002).
2215:, subscription required)
1955:Andrew Jackson Love, Jr.
1865:. They later divorced.
1859:Walter Gilbert Alexander
1846:Frederick John Hemmings
1754:United States portal
1161:African-American English
672:African-American Muslims
233:Jim Crow era (1896–1954)
2448:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
2075:will write the script.
1971:University of Wisconsin
1870:Eric Pape School of Art
1803:Anita Florence Hemmings
1675:Reparations for slavery
763:Back-to-Africa movement
662:Black Hebrew Israelites
540:African-American beauty
23:Anita Florence Hemmings
2366:Harvard Medical School
2133:Lacey Schwartz Delgado
1998:
1940:. On June 6, 1934, in
1918:Harvard Medical School
1145:Dialects and languages
305:Second Great Migration
2680:Vassar College alumni
2095:Mary Mildred Williams
1997:
1815:Boston Public Library
1557:US metropolitan areas
1384:List of neighborhoods
998:Alabama Creole people
988:African-American Jews
920:Negro league baseball
883:National Urban League
835:Civic/economic groups
667:African-American Jews
557:African-American hair
419:, after the Civil War
248:Post–civil rights era
2159:1912 fictional novel
2037:Frances D. Fergusson
1714:Criminal stereotypes
1489:District of Columbia
1206:Afro-Seminole Creole
648:Non-Christian groups
243:Black power movement
207:during the Civil War
176:Atlantic slave trade
2645:American librarians
2535:"Passing For White"
2509:Washington Informer
2296:R.L. Polk & Co.
2021:had graduated from
2015:William Henry Lewis
1963:Mount Herman School
1110:Sierra Leone Creole
1071:Specific ancestries
956:Southwestern (SWAC)
479:Black History Month
310:New Great Migration
264:Agriculture history
2481:Simon and Schuster
2322:, 1894–1895, p. 54
2047:In popular culture
2003:Girls' High School
1999:
1959:Horace Mann School
1119:Sexual orientation
993:Afro-Puerto Ricans
946:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
581:Self-determination
545:Black is beautiful
211:Reconstruction era
2605:American Heritage
2601:"Fading To White"
2570:978-1-51072-412-9
2479:by Karin Tanabe,
2455:on March 15, 2012
2404:on March 28, 2019
2397:American Heritage
2392:"Fading To White"
2294:(4th ed., rev.),
2252:MIT Black History
2069:Reese Witherspoon
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531:Symbols and ideas
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191:Revolutionary War
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2475:The Gilded Years
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2451:. Archived from
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2061:The Gilded Years
2041:Vassar Quarterly
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1699:media depictions
1648:
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1543:Population count
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1152:English dialects
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2100:Anatole Broyard
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2017:(1868–1949).
2016:
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53:
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36:
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20:
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2563:. Skyhorse.
2560:
2554:
2542:. Retrieved
2538:
2529:
2514:
2507:
2503:
2473:
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2453:the original
2446:
2436:
2406:. Retrieved
2402:the original
2395:
2387:
2381:
2361:
2357:
2345:. Retrieved
2340:
2311:
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2285:
2274:
2267:
2255:. Retrieved
2251:
2242:
2232:
2228:Boston Globe
2226:
2218:
2207:
2202:Boston Globe
2200:
2195:
2163:
2162:
2153:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2126:
2125:
2118:Multi-Facial
2116:
2110:
2109:
2088:
2087:
2065:Karin Tanabe
2060:
2056:
2050:
2040:
2034:
2027:
2019:
2010:
2000:
1922:
1895:
1884:
1847:
1835:Episcopalian
1830:
1824:
1802:
1801:
1627:Sierra Leone
1459:Philadelphia
1429:Jacksonville
1025:Brass Ankles
778:Conservatism
753:Afrocentrism
725:Joint Center
616:Black church
607:Institutions
522:Billionaires
512:Middle class
465:Celebrations
428:Fraternities
48:June 8, 1872
2690:1943 deaths
2685:1872 births
2175:Multiracial
2164:Terminology
2057:A White Lie
1695:Stereotypes
1622:Nova Scotia
1504:Mississippi
1464:San Antonio
1444:Los Angeles
1379:Black mecca
1306:Mississippi
1213:Negro Dutch
1035:Dominickers
979:Multiethnic
888:TransAfrica
798:Nationalism
768:Black power
552:Black pride
517:Upper class
216:Politicians
106:Andrew Love
2629:Categories
2522:1806088789
2276:The Crisis
2221:Beautiful
2187:References
2150:1929 novel
2139:Literature
2127:Filmmakers
2007:Northfield
1854:in 1897.
1261:California
1235:Population
808:Patriotism
793:Liberalism
773:Capitalism
744:Ideologies
625:Theologies
484:Juneteenth
456:Literature
384:Newspapers
292:Migrations
223:Juneteenth
93:Occupation
44:1872-06-08
2544:April 30,
2489:983203647
2459:April 30,
2374:645834943
2347:April 29,
2257:March 28,
2180:Melungeon
2122:1995 film
1949:Manhattan
1942:Manhattan
1906:Nashville
1719:Hollywood
1709:Blackface
1644:Prejudice
1562:US cities
1439:Lexington
1414:Davenport
1394:Baltimore
1370:US cities
1346:Tennessee
1296:Louisiana
1242:US states
1050:Melungeon
1020:Blaxicans
818:Socialism
783:Garveyism
758:Anarchism
562:Good hair
389:Soul food
359:Folktales
96:Librarian
2518:ProQuest
2483:(2016);
2408:July 11,
2083:See also
2011:(maiden;
1931:Children
1841:Siblings
1831:(maiden;
1759:Category
1582:Diaspora
1509:Missouri
1434:Kentucky
1361:Virginia
1331:Oklahoma
1316:New York
1311:Nebraska
1301:Maryland
1276:Illinois
1256:Arkansas
1095:Merikins
1040:Freedmen
1013:Mascogos
813:Populism
704:Politics
599:Religion
569:Stepping
335:Lifeways
171:Timeline
138:a series
136:Part of
124:Children
75:New York
2146:Passing
2053:Zendaya
1881:Husband
1874:Roxbury
1617:Liberia
1499:Georgia
1494:Florida
1424:Houston
1419:Detroit
1404:Chicago
1389:Atlanta
1281:Indiana
1271:Georgia
1266:Florida
1251:Alabama
1183:Tutnese
1062:Redbone
788:Leftism
489:Kwanzaa
446:Studies
398:Schools
327:Culture
256:Aspects
201:Slavery
163:Periods
155:History
118:
110:
2567:
2520:
2487:
2372:
1979:jingle
1938:Vassar
1891:Boston
1863:Boston
1827:Boston
1651:Racism
1612:Israel
1602:France
1597:Canada
1592:Africa
1399:Boston
1336:Oregon
1291:Kansas
1201:Gullah
1090:Gullah
910:Sports
657:Hoodoo
101:Spouse
77:, U.S.
58:, U.S.
52:Boston
2233:i.e.,
1983:Pepsi
1914:South
1764:Index
1607:Ghana
1529:Texas
1454:Omaha
1351:Texas
863:NAACP
374:Names
364:Music
344:Dance
112:(
108:
2565:ISBN
2546:2015
2485:OCLC
2461:2015
2428:link
2424:link
2410:2015
2388:(née
2370:OCLC
2349:2015
2259:2019
2223:...
2111:Film
1981:for
1908:, a
1697:and
1356:Utah
1326:Ohio
1286:Iowa
893:UNCF
354:Film
203:and
64:Died
38:Born
2515:via
2219:But
2208:via
2063:by
2023:MIT
1965:in
1904:in
1900:of
1889:in
1852:MIT
1848:(né
1837:.
1817:.
451:Art
2631::
2616:.
2603:.
2537:.
2495:^
2445:.
2420:}}
2416:{{
2394:.
2339:.
2327:^
2318:,
2302:,
2250:.
1920:.
140:on
114:m.
73:,
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2573:.
2548:.
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2477:,
2463:.
2430:)
2412:.
2376:)
2351:.
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2261:.
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2157:,
2148:,
2120:,
1876:.
1791:e
1784:t
1777:v
577:"
573:"
127:3
46:)
42:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
