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wife's health. Anna made regular trips to
Hamburg for analytical work with Ernst who was in the care of his father's extended family. She also arranged Ernst's transfer to a school more appropriate to his needs, provided respite for her brother-in-law's family and arranged for him to join the Freud-Burlingham extended family for their summer holidays. Eventually, in 1928, Anna persuaded the parties concerned that a permanent move to Vienna was in Ernst's best interests, not least because he could resume analysis with her on a more regular basis. Ernst went into the foster care of Eva Rosenfeld, attended the Hietzing school and became part of the Freud-Burlingham extended family. In 1930 he spent a year at Berggasse 19, where the Freuds and Burlinghams had apartments, staying with the Burlinghams.
1155:(BPS) grew more intense. Their disagreements, which dated back to the 1920s, centered around the theory of the genesis of the super-ego and the consequent clinical approach to the pre-Oedipal child; Klein argued for play as an equivalent to free association in adult analyses. Anna Freud opposed any such equivalence, proposing an educative intervention with the child until an appropriate level of ego development was reached at the Oedipal stage. Klein held this to be a collusive inhibition of analytical work with the child. To avoid a terminal split in the BPS Ernest Jones, its president, chaired a number of "extraordinary business meetings" with the aim of defusing the conflict, and these continued during the war years. The meetings, which became known as the
882:"the two young Freuds developed their version of a common sisterly division of territories, 'beauty' and 'brains', and their father once spoke of her "age-old jealousy of Sophie." As well as this rivalry between the two sisters, Anna had become "a somewhat troubled youngster who complained to her father in candid letters how all sorts of unreasonable thoughts and feelings plagued her". According to Young-Bruehl, Anna's communications imply a persistent, emotionally-caused cognitive disturbance, and perhaps a mild eating disorder. She was repeatedly sent to health farms for "thorough rest, salutary walks, and some extra pounds to fill out her all-too-slender shape".
1218:. She had further distress following the deaths of her partner Dorothy Burlingham's eldest son and daughter, both of whom had had extensive period of analysis with her as children in Vienna and as adults in London. Robert Burlingham died in February 1970 of heart disease after a long period of depression. In 1974 Burlingham's daughter Mabbie arrived in London from her New York home seeking further analysis with Anna, notwithstanding the latter's advice to continue in analysis with her New York analyst. Whilst at the family home in Hampstead she took an overdose of sleeping pills, and died in hospital three days later.
173:
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acquired some basic
Italian. The positive experience she had at the Lyceum led to her initial choice of teaching as a career. After she left the Lyceum in 1912, she took an extended vacation over the winter months in Italy. This proved to be, for a period, a time of self-doubt, anxiety, and uncertainty about her future. She shared these concerns in correspondence with her father, whose writings she had begun reading. In response, he provided reassurance, and in the spring of 1913, he joined her for a tour of Verona, Venice, and Trieste.
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1360:, a classic monograph on ego psychology and defense mechanisms, Anna Freud drew on her own clinical experience, but relied on her father's writings as the principal and authoritative source of her theoretical insights. Here her "cataloguing of regression, repression, reaction formation, isolation, undoing, projection, introjection, turning against the self, reversal and sublimation" helped establish the importance of the ego functions and the concept of
922:
teacher) for the second grade". For her performance during the school years 1915–18, she was highly praised by her superior, Salka
Goldman, who wrote that she showed "great zeal for all her responsibilities", but she was particularly appreciated for her "conscientious preparations" and for her "gift for teaching", being such a success that she was invited to stay on with a regular four-year contract starting in the fall of 1918.
33:
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913:, became of concern to Freud when he learned of the latter's romantic interest. His advice to Jones, in a letter of 22 July 1914, was that his daughter "... does not claim to be treated as a woman, being still far away from sexual longings and rather refusing man. There is an outspoken understanding between me and her that she should not consider marriage or the preliminaries before she gets two or three years older".
1341:– "they both used material from her analysis as clinical illustration in their sometimes complementary papers" – in which he highlighted a female case where "an elaborate superstructure of day-dreams, which was of great significance for the life of the person concerned, had grown up over the masochistic beating-phantasy ... which almost rose to the level of a work of art".
1030:, who ran a foster care home in the Hietzing district of Vienna. Rosenfeld provided the space in the grounds of her house and Burlingham funded the building and equipping of the premises. The objective was to provide a psychoanalytically informed education and Anna contributed to the teaching. Most pupils were either in analysis or children of analysands or practitioners.
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1337:(1922), "drew in part on her own inner life, but th ... made her contribution no less scientific". In it she explained how, "Daydreaming, which consciously may be designed to suppress masturbation, is mainly unconsciously an elaboration of the original masturbatory fantasies". Her father, Sigmund Freud, had earlier covered very similar ground in
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the drives". The problem posed in adolescence by physiological maturation has been stated forcefully by Anna Freud: "Aggressive impulses are intensified to the point of complete unruliness, hunger becomes voracity... The reaction-formations, which seemed to be firmly established in the structure of the ego, threaten to fall to pieces".
1374:'s tribute of 1959 that "The writings of Anna Freud on ego psychology and her studies in early child development have illuminated the world of childhood for workers in the most varied professions and have been for me my introduction and most valuable guide" spoke at that time for most of psychoanalysis outside the Kleinian heartland.
1159:, were established on a more regular basis from 1942. In 1944 there finally emerged a compromise agreement which established parallel training courses, providing options to satisfy the concerns of the rival groups that had formed which by then, in addition to the followers of Freud and Klein, included a non-aligned group of Middle or
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Special attention was paid in it to later childhood and adolescent developments – "I have always been more attracted to the latency period than the pre-Oedipal phases" – emphasizing how the "increased intellectual, scientific, and philosophical interests of this period represent attempts at mastering
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circumstances." Anna Freud appears to have had a comparatively unhappy childhood, in which she "never made a close or pleasurable relationship with her mother, and was instead nurtured by their
Catholic nurse Josephine". She found it particularly difficult to get along with her eldest sister, Sophie;
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Arguably, however, it was in Anna Freud's London years "that she wrote her most distinguished psychoanalytic papers – including 'About Losing and Being Lost', which everyone should read regardless of their interest in psychoanalysis". Her description therein of "simultaneous urges to remain loyal to
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In the context of her intimate friendships with Lou
Andreas-Salome and in particular with Dorothy Burlingham, with whom she formed a life-long partnership, questions have been raised in relation to Anna Freud's sexuality, notwithstanding the absence of any evidence of, and her denials of, any sexual
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home. Heinz (known as
Heinele), aged two, was adopted in an informal arrangement by Anna's elder sister, Mathilde, and her husband Robert Hollitscher. Anna became heavily involved in the care of eight year old Ernst and also considered adoption. She was dissuaded by her father over concerns for his
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and then, with a view to training in child analysis, with Freud himself. Anna and
Dorothy soon developed "intimate relations that closely resembled those of lesbians", though Anna "categorically denied the existence of a sexual relationship". After the Burlinghams moved into the same apartment block
905:
Enrolled at the
Cottage Lyceum, a secondary school for girls in Vienna, Anna made good progress in most subjects. The steady flow of foreign visitors to the Freud household inspired Anna to emulate her father by becoming proficient in different languages, and she soon mastered English and French and
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In 1922 Anna Freud presented her paper "Beating
Fantasies and Daydreams" to the Vienna Psychoanalytical Society and became a member of the society. According to Ruth Menahem, the case presented, that of a 15-year-old girl, is in fact her own, since at that time she had no patients yet. In 1923, she
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In 1914, she passed her teaching examination and began work as a teaching apprentice at her old school, the
Cottage Lyceum. From 1915 to 1917, she worked as a teaching apprentice for third, fourth, and fifth graders. For the school year 1917–18, she began "her first venture as Klassenlehrerin (head
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According to her principal biographer, with psychoanalysis continuing to move away from classical Freudianism to other concerns, it may still be salutary to heed Anna Freud's warning about the potential loss of her father's "emphasis on conflict within the individual person, the aims, ideas and
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From the 1950s until the end of her life Freud travelled regularly to the United States to lecture, teach and visit friends. During the 1970s she was concerned with the problems of emotionally deprived and socially disadvantaged children, and she studied deviations and delays in development. At
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on children and their capacity to find substitute affections among peers in the absence of their parents. The Bulldog Banks Home, run on similar lines to the Nursery, was established after the war for a group of children who had survived the concentration camps. Building on and developing their
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while she continued her child analysis practice and contributed to seminars and conferences on the subject. In 1935, she became director of the Vienna Psychoanalytical Training Institute and the following year she published her influential study of the "ways and means by which the ego wards off
978:. After she came to stay with the Freuds in Vienna in 1921, they began a series of consultations and discussions that continued both in Vienna and in visits Anna made to Salome's home in Germany. As a result of the relationship, Anna gained confidence both as a theorist and as a practitioner.
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Nevertheless, her basic loyalty to her father's work remained unimpaired, and it might indeed be said that "she devoted her life to protecting her father's legacy". In her theoretical work there would be little criticism of him, and she would make what is still the finest contribution to the
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In 1937 Freud and Burlingham launched a new project, establishing a nursery for children under the age of two. The aim was to meet the social needs of children from impoverished families and to enhance psychoanalytic research into early childhood development. Funding was provided by
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if faced with torture or internment. However, she survived her interrogation ordeal and returned to the family home. After her father had reluctantly accepted the urgent need to leave Vienna, she set about organizing the complex immigration process for the family in liaison with
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diaspora. Lectures and seminars on psychoanalytic theory and practice were regular features of staff training. Freud and Burlingham went on to publish a series of observational studies on child development based on the work of the Nursery with a focus on the impact of
1401:(1965) summarised "the use of developmental lines charting theoretical normal growth 'from dependency to emotional self-reliance'". Through these then revolutionary ideas Anna provided us with a comprehensive developmental theory and the concept of
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ideals battling with the drives to keep the individual within a civilized community. It has become modern to water this down to every individual's longing for perfect unity with his mother ... There is an enormous amount that gets lost this way".
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With the encouragement and assistance of her father, she pursued her exploration of psychoanalytic literature, and in the summer of 1915, she undertook her first translation work for the Vienna Psychoanalytical Society, translating papers by
1090:
in which Nazi Germany occupied Austria, Anna was taken to Gestapo headquarters in Vienna for questioning on the activities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Unknown to her father, she and her brother Martin had obtained
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began her own psychoanalytical practice with children and by 1925 she was teaching at the Vienna Psychoanalytic Training Institute on the technique of child analysis, her approach to which she set out in her first book,
1348:, clashed with those of Melanie Klein, " was departing from the developmental schedule that Freud, and his analyst daughter, found most plausible". In particular, Anna Freud's belief that "In children's analysis, the
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plays a different role ... and the analyst not only 'represents mother' but is still an original second mother in the life of the child". became something of an orthodoxy over much of the psychoanalytic world.
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in 1923, for which he would need numerous operations and the long-term nursing assistance that Anna provided. She also acted as his secretary and spokesperson, notably at the bi-annual congresses of the
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in 1899: "Anna has become downright beautiful through naughtiness." In adolescence, she took a precocious interest in her father's work and was allowed to sit in on the meetings of the newly established
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in Austria, she resumed her psychoanalytic practice and her pioneering work in child psychoanalysis in London, establishing the Hampstead Child Therapy Course and Clinic in 1952 (later renamed the
1306:
argues that it was repression of her homoerotic sexuality that influenced her in the pathologising of homosexuality in her clinical work as well as in her prominent advocacy of the policy of the
1971:
Baker, Ron 'The evolution of organisational and training procedures in psychoanalytic associations: a brief account of the unique British contribution' in Johns, J. and Steiner, R. (eds)
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1108:, the then President of the International Psychoanalytical Association, who secured the immigration permits that eventually led to the family establishing their new home in London at
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As well as in the periods of analysis she had with her father (from 1918 to 1921 and from 1924 to 1929), their filial bond became further strengthened after Freud was diagnosed with
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who had left money to her New York analyst, Marianne Kris, with the instruction to allocate it to support psychological clinical and research work through a charity of her choice.
1058:, a wealthy American analysand of Anna's father who had also been trained in child analysis by Anna at the Vienna Insitiute. Though the Jackson Nursery was short-lived, with the
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joined the staff of the Hietzing school at the beginning of their psychoanalytic careers, Erikson entering into a training analysis with Anna. The school closed in 1932.
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called Anna Freud "the plumb line of psychoanalysis". He stated that "the plumb line doesn't make a building, it allows us to gauge the vertical of certain problems."
1364:, continuing the greater emphasis on the ego than that to be found in the work of her father – "We should like to learn more about the ego" – during his final decades.
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In 1941 Freud and Burlingham collaborated in establishing the Hampstead War Nursery for children whose lives had been disrupted by the war. Premises were acquired in
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1326:
Anna Freud was a prolific writer, contributing articles on psychoanalysis to many different publications throughout her lifetime. Her first publication was titled,
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and its normal "developmental lines" as well as incorporating a distinctive emphasis on collaborative work across a range of analytical and observational contexts.
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Focusing thereafter on research, observation and treatment of children, Anna Freud established a group of prominent child developmental analysts (which included
1397:) who noticed that children's symptoms were ultimately analogue to personality disorders among adults and thus often related to developmental stages. Her book
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Paskauskas, R. Andrew (Editor). The Complete Correspondence of Sigmund Freud and Ernest Jones, 1908–1939. Cambridge, Massachusetts/London: Belknap Press 1993.
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1210:, died in April 1970 while she was in America. In the following months she lost two of her American cousins, Henry Freud and Rosie Waldinger, and colleagues
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to provide education and residential care with mothers encouraged to visit as often as practicable. Many for the staff were recruited from the exiled Austro-
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Anna's first clinical case was that of her nephew Ernst, the eldest of the two sons of Sophie and Max Halberstadt. Sophie, Anna's elder sister, had died of
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psychoanalytic understanding of passivity, or what she termed "altruistic surrender, excessive concern and anxiety for the lives of his love objects".
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At the outset of her psychoanalytic practice, Anna found an important friend and mentor in the person of her father's friend and colleague,
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1191:(1986). Freud also used her visits to raise funds for the expanding work of the Hampstead Clinic and was able to secure funding from the
954:. By 1918, she had gained his support to pursue training in psychoanalysis, and she went into analysis with him in October of that year.
1330:, and was the result of four different lectures she was delivering at the time, to teachers and caretakers of young children in Vienna.
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analysts. It was agreed further that all the key policy-making committees of the BPS should have representatives from the three groups.
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the dead and to turn towards new ties with the living" may perhaps reflect her own mourning process after her father's recent death.
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imminent, the systematic record keeping and reporting provided important models for Anna's future work with nursery children.
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Aldridge, Jerry (2 July 2014). "Beyond Psychoanalysis: The Contributions of Anna Freud to Applied Developmental Psychology".
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1820:«Désorientations sexuelles. Freud et l'homosexualité», by Ruth Menahem, in Revue française de psychanalyse, 2003/1 (Vol. 67)
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luxury jewellery retailer, had arrived in Vienna from New York with her four children and entered analysis firstly with
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war-time work with children, Freud and Burlingham established the Hampstead Child Therapy Course and Clinic (now the
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Freud was naturalised as a British subject on 22 July 1946. She was elected as a Foreign Honorary Member of the
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During the war years the hostility between Anna Freud and Melanie Klein and their respective followers in the
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Lesbian Lives: Psychoanalytic Narratives Old and New by Maggie Magee & Diana C. Miller, Routledge, 2013
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also rest there. In 1986 her London home of forty years was transformed, according to her wishes, into the
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The 1970s were also a time of emotional stress for Freud as she endured a number of bereavements involving
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as the Freuds in 1929 she became, in effect, the children's stepparent. In 1930, Anna and Dorothy bought a
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950:(into English). During 1916 and 1917, she attended the lectures on psychoanalysis her father gave at the
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The Interwoven Lives of Sigmund, Anna and W. Ernest Freud: Three Generations of Psychoanalysis
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In 1927 Anna Freud and Burlingham set up a new school in collaboration with a family friend,
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from the Historic Psychiatry Collection, Menninger Archives, Kansas Historical Society
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An Introduction to Psychoanalysis: Lectures for Child Analysts and Teachers 1922–1935
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Freud in collaboration with Sophie Dann: "An Experiment in Group Upbringing", in:
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Anna Freud's London home, now dedicated to the life and work of her father as the
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The close relationship between Anna and her father was different from the rest of
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theories emphasizing the importance of parents in child development processes.
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Her views on child development, which she expounded in 1927 in her first book,
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Problems of Psychoanalytic Training, Diagnosis, and the Technique of Therapy
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Freud, Anna (1966–1980). The Writings of Anna Freud: 8 Volumes. New York:
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Anna Freud: a view of development, disturbance and therapeutic techniques
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which debarred homosexuals as candidates for training as psychoanalysts.
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Introduction to Psychoanalysis: Lectures for Child Analysts and Teachers
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Jewish emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss to the United Kingdom
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Among the first children Anna Freud took into analysis were those of
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The Jewish 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Jews of All Time
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Compared to her father, her work emphasized the importance of the
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and established Freud's reputation as a pioneering theoretician.
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Normality and Pathology in Childhood: Assessments of Development
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Research at the Hampstead Child-Therapy Clinic and Other Papers
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on children's needs and the law, published in three volumes as
1148:) in 1952 as a centre for therapy, training and research work.
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in 1959 and in 1973 she was made an Honorary President of the
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during 1918, and thereafter experiencing multiple episodes of
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Freud died in London on 9 October 1982. She was cremated at
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Infants Without Families Reports on the Hampstead Nurseries
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were forced to leave Vienna in 1938 with the advent of the
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2142:. Cambridge, M.A.: Harvard University Press. p. 249.
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A Traveler's Guide to the History of Biology and Medicine
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Within Time and Beyond Time: A Festschrift for Pearl King
1849:. Cambridge, M.A.: Harvard University Press. p. 249.
889:. She was a lively child with a reputation for mischief.
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Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
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Last Tiffany: A Biography of Dorothy Tiffany Burlingham
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2047:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from
865:) as a centre for therapy, training and research work.
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839:, she may be considered the founder of psychoanalytic
3084:
Some Character-Types Met with in Psycho-Analytic Work
1609:
4442:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2795:
Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families
1780:
1146:
Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families
1065:
From 1925 until 1934, Anna was the Secretary of the
863:
Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families
4351:Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies
2842:Anna Freud Profile on Psychology's Feminist Voices
2615:
2460:Quoted in Appignanesi, Lisa, and Forrester, John,
2411:Quoted in Appignanesi, Lisa, and Forrester, John,
2298:
2225:
1682:
1601:"Anna Freud, Psychoanalyst, Dies in London at 86"
1545:
1346:An Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis
1313:
1001:An Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis
2217:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
1637:
4383:
4341:Association for the Advancement of Psychotherapy
2113:. Davis, Calif.: Trevor Hill Press, 1986, p. 86.
1436:(These volumes include most of Freud's papers.)
1302:relationships. The historian of psychoanalysis
4356:Association for Behavior Analysis International
1489:Psychoanalytic Psychology of Normal Development
1461:Indications for Child Analysis and Other Papers
1450:(1936); (Revised edition: 1966 (US), 1968 (UK))
966:, which Freud was unable to attend after 1922.
559:The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis
4447:History of mental health in the United Kingdom
3535:
2869:
1206:and close colleagues. Her favourite brother,
786:
3061:Leonardo da Vinci, A Memory of His Childhood
2971:Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego
2648:
2644:. Cambridge, M.A.: Harvard University Press.
2517:The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child Series
2503:
2343:
2122:
2097:
2008:
1996:
1984:
1959:
1947:
1917:
1905:
1880:
1859:
1829:
1808:
1768:
1752:
1728:
1716:
1676:
1627:
1588:
1576:
1517:"Anna Freud: Austrian-British psychoanalyst"
981:
2939:Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious
1293:in London, her home between 1938 and 1982.
4437:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
3542:
3528:
3077:The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement
2963:The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement
2876:
2862:
2805:International Psychoanalytical Association
2679:
2636:
2564:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2134:
2074:"Anna Freud – Institute of Psychoanalysis"
2066:
1896:. IPBooks.net. Kindle Edition. pp. 113–122
1841:
1308:International Psychoanalytical Association
1067:International Psychoanalytical Association
964:International Psychoanalytical Association
933:, she resigned her teaching post in 1920.
793:
779:
701:International Psychoanalytical Association
31:
16:Austrian–British psychoanalyst (1895–1982)
4477:British people of Austrian-Jewish descent
1260:, dedicated to the memory of her father.
2770:Anna Freud: A Life Dedicated to Children
2744:
2613:
2575:Anna Freud: A Life Dedicated to Children
2539:
2448:
2399:
2355:
2292:
2255:
2243:
2174:
2109:Eric T. Pengelley, Daphne M. Pengelley.
2020:
1631:
1615:
1317:
1262:
1227:International Psychoanalytic Association
1114:
985:
3091:Thoughts for the Times on War and Death
3037:Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality
2723:Anna Freud: The Dream of Psychoanalysis
2164:, International Universities Press Inc.
2042:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter F"
1540:
4384:
4361:European Association for Psychotherapy
3045:Delusion and Dream in Jensen's Gradiva
2766:
2700:
2572:
2377:. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, p. 298
1185:Before the Best Interests of the Child
1181:Beyond the Best Interests of the Child
1070:depression, displeasure and anxiety",
3523:
2857:
2825:The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense
2719:
2577:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
2542:The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis
2151:
2149:
1497:The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child
1358:The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence
1223:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1072:The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence
1010:. In 1925 Burlingham, heiress to the
969:
2931:The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
2622:. London: Harvard University Press.
2483:The Seminar of Jacques Lacan: Book I
2034:
1399:Normality and Pathology in Childhood
902:, which Freud convened at his home.
695:Psychoanalytic Training and Research
485:The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
4467:20th-century Austrian women writers
3646:Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
2592:
2304:
2280:
2231:
1688:
1643:
1193:National Institute of Mental Health
706:World Association of Psychoanalysis
13:
4366:Society for Psychotherapy Research
3594:Transference focused psychotherapy
2673:
2316:Paul Brinich/Christopher Shelley,
2146:
2030:. 20 September 1946. p. 4754.
1975:, London: Karnac, 2001, pp. 66–78.
1434:Indiana University of Pennsylvania
1277:In 2002 Freud was honoured with a
1189:In the Best Interests of the Child
819:, the sixth and youngest child of
194:Psychosocial development (Erikson)
14:
4508:
3651:Rational emotive behavior therapy
3624:Functional analytic psychotherapy
3619:Acceptance and commitment therapy
3549:
3053:Creative Writers and Day-Dreaming
2883:
2788:
2680:Burlingham, Michael John (1989).
2658:. London: Yale University Press.
2599:. London: J. M. Dent & Sons.
1659:. London. Yale University Press.
1448:Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense
1426:
1356:For her next major work in 1936,
1252:and several other members of the
936:
711:List of schools of psychoanalysis
4457:Analysands of Lou Andreas-Salomé
3003:Civilization and Its Discontents
1110:20 Maresfield Gardens, Hampstead
760:
687:British Psychoanalytical Society
539:Civilization and Its Discontents
171:
4371:World Council for Psychotherapy
2533:
2509:
2496:
2475:
2454:
2426:
2405:
2380:
2361:
2336:
2323:
2310:
2261:
2168:
2128:
2103:
2014:
1965:
1923:
1886:
1865:
1835:
1823:
1814:
1788:. London: Virago. p. 279.
1774:
1734:
1694:
1335:Beating Fantasies and Daydreams
1314:Contributions to psychoanalysis
1081:
1074:. It became a founding work of
900:Vienna Psychoanalytical Society
868:
2955:Introduction to Psychoanalysis
2705:. New York: She Writes Press.
2703:Hysterical: Anna Freud's Story
2485:. Cambridge University Press.
2177:Sop Transactions on Psychology
1649:
1621:
1594:
1534:
1509:
1248:funeral urn. Her life-partner
1229:. In 1967 she was awarded the
1153:British Psychoanalytic Society
693:Columbia University Center for
682:British Psychoanalytic Council
579:The Sublime Object of Ideology
549:The Mass Psychology of Fascism
1:
4482:20th-century Austrian writers
3584:Mentalization-based treatment
3107:Beyond the Pleasure Principle
2433:Anna Freud: Her Life and Work
2191:(inactive 6 September 2024).
1701:Anna Freud: Her Life and Work
1503:
519:Beyond the Pleasure Principle
509:Psychology of the Unconscious
4492:Austrian women psychiatrists
3641:Dialectical behavior therapy
3631:Cognitive behavioral therapy
2987:The Question of Lay Analysis
2916:The Interpretation of Dreams
2773:. New York: Schocken Books.
1296:
1240:and her ashes placed in the
475:The Interpretation of Dreams
7:
4452:Analysands of Sigmund Freud
3671:Emotionally focused therapy
2800:Life and Work of Anna Freud
2767:Peters, Uwe Henrik (1985).
2642:Freud: In His Time and Ours
2573:Peters, Uwe Henrik (1985).
2140:Freud: In His Time and Ours
1892:Benveniste, Daniel (2015).
1847:Freud: In His Time and Ours
1333:Anna Freud's first article
990:Anna Freud with her father
10:
4513:
4472:20th-century Austrian Jews
4462:Object relations theorists
4402:Psychoanalysts from Vienna
3942:Systematic desensitization
3871:Practitioner–scholar model
3614:Clinical behavior analysis
2836:Anna Freud correspondence/
2596:Freud: A Life for Our Time
2158:The Writings of Anna Freud
1784:; Forrester, John (2000).
916:
496:Three Essays on the Theory
4487:Golders Green Crematorium
4333:
4057:
4015:
3952:
3886:
3879:
3838:
3797:
3765:
3704:
3661:
3602:
3564:
3557:
3454:
3404:Freud: The Secret Passion
3393:
3313:
3199:
3131:
3030:The Aetiology of Hysteria
3021:
2995:The Future of an Illusion
2891:
2589:- first 1979 in German.
2271:(Middlesex 1987) p. 176-7
1552:. Citadel Press. p.
1238:Golders Green Crematorium
1157:Controversial Discussions
982:Early psychoanalytic work
815:descent. She was born in
674:Boston Graduate School of
140:
117:
106:
96:
86:
81:Golders Green Crematorium
76:
60:
42:
30:
23:
3953:Other individual therapy
3479:Clement Freud (grandson)
3251:Psychosexual development
3121:Dostoevsky and Parricide
3099:Mourning and Melancholia
2701:Coffey, Rebecca (2014).
2527:, Yale University Press.
2439:Publications (1993) p. 5
2318:The Self and Personality
1707:Publications (1993) p. 1
189:Psychosexual development
3975:Cognitive restructuring
3696:Person-centered therapy
3489:Walter Freud (grandson)
3484:Lucian Freud (grandson)
2810:Biography of Anna Freud
2655:Anna Freud: A Biography
2650:Young-Bruehl, Elisabeth
2614:Phillips, Adam (1994).
2540:Fenichel, Otto (1946).
2386:Fraiberg, Selma (1987)
2320:(Buckingham 2002) p. 27
2189:10.15764/STP.2014.02003
1883:, pp. 136, 178–79.
1605:. Retrieved 2016-04-26.
1521:Encyclopædia Britannica
1339:A Child is Being Beaten
1086:In 1938, following the
875:Vienna, Austria-Hungary
873:Anna Freud was born in
4497:Austrian psychiatrists
4427:British Ashkenazi Jews
4407:British psychoanalysts
3906:Contingency management
3785:Transtheoretical model
3775:Eclectic psychotherapy
3752:Transactional analysis
3504:Edward Bernay (nephew)
3380:Views on homosexuality
3343:London home and museum
3338:Vienna home and museum
2830:50 Psychology Classics
2823:Commentary on Freud's
2720:Coles, Robert (1992).
2686:. New York: Atheneum.
2481:Lacan, Jacques (1988)
2342:Anna Freud, quoted in
2283:, pp. 468, 540–1.
1930:Anna Freud 1895 – 1938
1323:
1274:
1130:, North London and in
1123:
995:
4412:Jewish psychoanalysts
3856:Common factors theory
3820:Residential treatment
3494:Amalia Freud (mother)
3469:Anna Freud (daughter)
3464:Martha Bernays (wife)
2847:25 April 2016 at the
2752:. London: Routledge.
2638:Roudinesco, Elizabeth
2523:30 March 2013 at the
2374:Childhood and Society
2333:(Penguin 1987) p. 357
2136:Roudinesco, Elizabeth
2078:psychoanalysis.org.uk
1843:Roudinesco, Elizabeth
1321:
1266:
1244:next to her parents'
1118:
1003:, published in 1927.
989:
767:Psychology portal
746:Psychoanalytic theory
4285:Lorna Smith Benjamin
4120:Harry Stack Sullivan
4045:Sensitivity training
3846:Clinical formulation
3499:Jacob Freud (father)
3474:Ernst L. Freud (son)
3444:Freud's Last Session
3214:Id, ego and superego
3191:Daniel Paul Schreber
3011:Moses and Monotheism
1304:Élisabeth Roudinesco
952:University of Vienna
948:Hermine Hug-Hellmuth
944:James Jackson Putnam
893:wrote to his friend
833:Hermine Hug-Hellmuth
731:Child psychoanalysis
219:Id, ego and superego
157:a series of articles
90:Austrian (1895–1946)
4017:Group psychotherapy
3928:Counterconditioning
3805:Brief psychotherapy
3676:Existential therapy
3420:Mahler on the Couch
2908:Studies on Hysteria
2593:Gay, Peter (1988).
1999:, pp. 399–400.
1935:19 May 2004 at the
1628:Young-Bruehl (2008)
1403:developmental lines
254:Countertransference
92:British (1946–1982)
4145:Milton H. Erickson
3980:Emotion regulation
3960:Autogenic training
3851:Clinical pluralism
3780:Multimodal therapy
3579:Analytical therapy
3428:A Dangerous Method
3295:Deferred obedience
2979:The Ego and the Id
2504:Young-Bruehl (2008
2451:, pp. 88, 96.
2390:. New York. p. xii
2344:Young-Bruehl (2008
2269:On Psychopathology
2027:The London Gazette
1987:, pp. 411–12.
1920:, pp. 218–24.
1655:Gay, Peter (1990)
1362:defence mechanisms
1324:
1287:Maresfield Gardens
1275:
1272:Maresfield Gardens
1250:Dorothy Burlingham
1124:
1008:Dorothy Burlingham
996:
976:Lou Andreas-Salome
970:Lou Andreas-Salome
946:(into German) and
925:Having contracted
596:Schools of thought
529:The Ego and the Id
4379:
4378:
4305:William R. Miller
4290:Marsha M. Linehan
4260:Jean Baker Miller
4220:Salvador Minuchin
4100:Ludwig Binswanger
4053:
4052:
3888:Behaviour therapy
3815:Online counseling
3793:
3792:
3732:Narrative therapy
3636:Cognitive therapy
3517:
3516:
3300:Reality principle
3183:Sergei Pankejeff
3171:Bertha Pappenheim
2780:978-0-8052-3910-2
2759:978-0-415-10199-8
2737:978-0-201-57707-5
2712:978-1-938314-42-1
2693:978-0-689-11870-8
2665:978-0-300-14023-1
2629:978-0-674-63440-4
2606:978-0-333-48638-2
2551:978-0-203-98158-0
2331:On Metapsychology
2123:Young-Bruehl 2008
2098:Young-Bruehl 2008
2011:, pp. 421–2.
2009:Young-Bruehl 2008
1997:Young-Bruehl 2008
1985:Young-Bruehl 2008
1962:, pp. 247–8.
1960:Young-Bruehl 2008
1950:, pp. 227–8.
1948:Young-Bruehl 2008
1918:Young-Bruehl 2008
1906:Young-Bruehl 2008
1881:Young-Bruehl 2008
1860:Young-Bruehl 2008
1832:, pp. 132–36
1830:Young-Bruehl 2008
1811:, p. 110-12.
1809:Young-Bruehl 2008
1782:Appignanesi, Lisa
1771:, pp. 72–80.
1769:Young-Bruehl 2008
1753:Young-Bruehl 2008
1731:, pp. 49–57.
1729:Young-Bruehl 2008
1717:Young-Bruehl 2008
1677:Young-Bruehl 2008
1591:, pp. 23–29.
1589:Young-Bruehl 2008
1579:, pp. 460–1.
1577:Young-Bruehl 2008
1387:Elisabeth Geleerd
1161:Independent Group
959:cancer of the jaw
803:
802:
287:Important figures
214:Psychic apparatus
150:
149:
4504:
4295:Vittorio Guidano
4265:Otto F. Kernberg
4135:Donald Winnicott
3992:Free association
3937:Exposure therapy
3916:Stimulus control
3896:Aversion therapy
3884:
3883:
3747:Systemic therapy
3722:Feminist therapy
3574:Adlerian therapy
3562:
3561:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3521:
3520:
3439:(2020 TV series)
3305:Seduction theory
3241:Free association
3186:
3174:
3160:Irma's injection
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2369:Erikson, Erik H.
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1551:
1542:Shapiro, Michael
1538:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1513:
1407:object relations
1283:English Heritage
1270:for Freud at 20
1177:Albert J. Solnit
1173:Joseph Goldstein
841:child psychology
795:
788:
781:
765:
764:
763:
736:Depth psychology
638:Object relations
584:
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110:Child analysis,
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4310:Steven C. Hayes
4240:Paul Watzlawick
4225:Paul Watzlawick
4180:Virginia Axline
4090:Sándor Ferenczi
4049:
4030:Couples therapy
4011:
3985:Affect labeling
3948:
3933:Desensitization
3875:
3861:Discontinuation
3834:
3789:
3761:
3742:Reality therapy
3700:
3686:Gestalt therapy
3657:
3605:
3598:
3553:
3548:
3518:
3513:
3450:
3395:
3389:
3385:Religious views
3375:Neo-Freudianism
3309:
3283:Oedipus complex
3201:
3195:
3184:
3168:
3154:("Little Hans")
3153:
3140:
3127:
3017:
2947:Totem and Taboo
2918:
2887:
2882:
2849:Wayback Machine
2791:
2781:
2760:
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2726:. Reading, MA:
2713:
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2674:Further reading
2666:
2630:
2607:
2585:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2536:
2531:
2525:Wayback Machine
2514:
2510:
2502:Anna Freud, in
2501:
2497:
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2459:
2455:
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2431:
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2388:The Magic Years
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2329:Sigmund Freud,
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2267:Sigmund Freud,
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2100:, pp. 391.
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2054:on 18 June 2006
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1395:Margaret Mahler
1316:
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1169:Yale Law School
1084:
1045:in 1920 at her
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4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4337:
4335:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4280:Arnold Lazarus
4277:
4275:Irvin D. Yalom
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4250:Eugene Gendlin
4247:
4242:
4237:
4235:Ogden Lindsley
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4210:Virginia Satir
4207:
4202:
4200:James Bugental
4197:
4195:Silvano Arieti
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4065:Philippe Pinel
4061:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4035:Family therapy
4032:
4027:
4021:
4019:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3977:
3972:
3970:Clean language
3967:
3962:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3930:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3903:
3898:
3892:
3890:
3881:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3830:Support groups
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3708:
3706:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3667:
3665:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3610:
3608:
3604:Cognitive and
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3589:Psychoanalysis
3586:
3581:
3576:
3570:
3568:
3559:
3555:
3554:
3547:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3524:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3460:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3440:
3432:
3424:
3416:
3408:
3399:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3326:complete works
3317:
3315:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3288:Father complex
3280:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3209:Psychoanalysis
3205:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3180:
3175:
3162:
3157:
3149:
3144:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3117:
3111:
3103:
3095:
3087:
3081:
3073:
3065:
3057:
3049:
3041:
3033:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3007:
2999:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2943:
2935:
2927:
2912:
2904:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2839:
2833:
2820:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2790:
2789:External links
2787:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2764:
2758:
2746:Edgcumbe, Rose
2742:
2736:
2728:Addison-Wesley
2717:
2711:
2698:
2692:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2664:
2646:
2634:
2628:
2611:
2605:
2590:
2584:978-0297781752
2583:
2570:
2550:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2508:
2506:, p. 457)
2495:
2474:
2453:
2441:
2425:
2404:
2392:
2379:
2360:
2358:, p. 112.
2348:
2346:, p. 455)
2335:
2322:
2309:
2307:, p. 441.
2297:
2295:, p. 576.
2285:
2273:
2260:
2248:
2246:, p. 232.
2236:
2234:, p. 436.
2224:
2167:
2145:
2127:
2125:, p. 137.
2115:
2102:
2090:
2065:
2033:
2013:
2001:
1989:
1977:
1964:
1952:
1940:
1922:
1910:
1898:
1885:
1873:
1864:
1862:, p. 138.
1852:
1834:
1822:
1813:
1801:
1794:
1773:
1761:
1742:
1733:
1721:
1709:
1693:
1691:, p. 430.
1681:
1669:
1648:
1646:, p. 432.
1636:
1632:Phillips (1994
1620:
1608:
1593:
1581:
1569:
1562:
1533:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1451:
1444:
1428:
1427:Selected works
1425:
1391:Edith Jacobson
1372:Selma Fraiberg
1315:
1312:
1298:
1295:
1242:"Freud Corner"
1212:Heinz Hartmann
1204:family members
1197:Marilyn Monroe
1083:
1080:
1076:ego psychology
983:
980:
971:
968:
938:
937:Psychoanalysis
935:
918:
915:
895:Wilhelm Fliess
870:
867:
829:psychoanalysis
825:Martha Bernays
801:
800:
798:
797:
790:
783:
775:
772:
771:
770:
769:
754:
753:
749:
748:
743:
741:Psychodynamics
738:
733:
727:
726:
723:
722:
719:
718:
714:
713:
708:
703:
698:
691:
689:
684:
679:
676:Psychoanalysis
672:
669:
668:
665:
664:
661:
660:
656:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
608:Ego psychology
605:
599:
598:
595:
594:
591:
590:
586:
585:
575:
565:
555:
545:
535:
525:
515:
505:
493:
491:
481:
470:
469:
466:
465:
462:
461:
457:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
290:
289:
286:
285:
282:
281:
277:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
185:
184:
181:
180:
177:
176:
168:
167:
165:Psychoanalysis
161:
160:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
135:
134:
131:Martha Bernays
128:
121:
119:
115:
114:
112:ego psychology
108:
107:Known for
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
70:
68:(aged 86)
64:9 October 1982
62:
58:
57:
48:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4509:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4332:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4320:Jeffrey Young
4318:
4316:
4315:Michael White
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4300:Les Greenberg
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4185:Carl Whitaker
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4165:Viktor Frankl
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4150:Jacques Lacan
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4140:Wilhelm Reich
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4105:Melanie Klein
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4075:Sigmund Freud
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4014:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3951:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3922:
3921:Token economy
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3885:
3882:
3878:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3727:Music therapy
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3717:Dance therapy
3715:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3664:
3660:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3601:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3566:Psychodynamic
3563:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3551:Psychotherapy
3545:
3540:
3538:
3533:
3531:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3446:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3360:Freudian slip
3358:
3356:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3276:Genital stage
3274:
3272:
3271:Latency stage
3269:
3267:
3266:Phallic stage
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3152:Herbert Graf
3150:
3148:
3147:Emma Eckstein
3145:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3114:Medusa's Head
3112:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3069:On Narcissism
3066:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2917:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2885:Sigmund Freud
2879:
2874:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2819:
2818:by Doug Davis
2817:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2782:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2667:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2618:On Flirtation
2612:
2608:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2553:
2547:
2543:
2538:
2537:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2512:
2505:
2499:
2492:
2491:0-393-30697-6
2488:
2484:
2478:
2471:
2470:0-7538-1916-3
2467:
2463:
2462:Freud's Women
2457:
2450:
2449:Phillips 1994
2445:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2422:
2421:0-7538-1916-3
2418:
2414:
2413:Freud's Women
2408:
2402:, p. 98.
2401:
2400:Phillips 1994
2396:
2389:
2383:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2364:
2357:
2356:Fenichel 1946
2352:
2345:
2339:
2332:
2326:
2319:
2313:
2306:
2301:
2294:
2293:Fenichel 1946
2289:
2282:
2277:
2270:
2264:
2258:, p. 97.
2257:
2256:Phillips 1994
2252:
2245:
2244:Fenichel 1946
2240:
2233:
2228:
2220:
2214:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2171:
2160:
2159:
2152:
2150:
2141:
2137:
2131:
2124:
2119:
2112:
2106:
2099:
2094:
2079:
2075:
2069:
2050:
2043:
2037:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2017:
2010:
2005:
1998:
1993:
1986:
1981:
1974:
1968:
1961:
1956:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1926:
1919:
1914:
1907:
1902:
1895:
1889:
1882:
1877:
1868:
1861:
1856:
1848:
1844:
1838:
1831:
1826:
1817:
1810:
1805:
1797:
1795:1-85381-719-8
1791:
1787:
1786:Freud's Women
1783:
1777:
1770:
1765:
1758:
1754:
1749:
1747:
1737:
1730:
1725:
1719:, p. 53.
1718:
1713:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1690:
1685:
1679:, p. 59.
1678:
1673:
1666:
1665:0-300-04681-2
1662:
1658:
1657:Reading Freud
1652:
1645:
1640:
1634:, p. 93)
1633:
1629:
1624:
1618:, p. 92.
1617:
1616:Phillips 1994
1612:
1606:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1585:
1578:
1573:
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1417:Jacques Lacan
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1322:Freud in 1956
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1056:Edith Jackson
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1033:
1029:
1028:Eva Rosenfeld
1024:
1022:
1017:
1016:Theodore Reik
1013:
1009:
1004:
1002:
993:
992:Sigmund Freud
988:
979:
977:
967:
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837:Melanie Klein
834:
830:
826:
822:
821:Sigmund Freud
818:
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623:Interpersonal
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209:Consciousness
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125:Sigmund Freud
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101:Psychoanalyst
99:
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77:Resting place
75:
63:
59:
55:
51:
45:
41:
37:Freud in 1957
34:
29:
22:
19:
4417:Freud family
4334:Associations
4325:Peter Fonagy
4270:Nathan Azrin
4245:Arthur Janov
4205:Joseph Wolpe
4190:Albert Ellis
4170:George Kelly
4155:Erik Erikson
4129:
4115:Karen Horney
4085:Alfred Adler
4080:Pierre Janet
4070:Josef Breuer
4002:Hypnotherapy
3737:Play therapy
3468:
3442:
3434:
3426:
3418:
3410:
3402:
3370:Inner circle
3321:Bibliography
3246:Transference
3224:Preconscious
3132:Case studies
3119:
3105:
3097:
3089:
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2815:
2769:
2749:
2722:
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2682:
2654:
2641:
2617:
2594:
2574:
2541:
2534:Bibliography
2516:
2511:
2498:
2482:
2477:
2461:
2456:
2444:
2437:Freud Museum
2432:
2428:
2412:
2407:
2395:
2387:
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2372:
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2330:
2325:
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2251:
2239:
2227:
2213:cite journal
2183:(2): 18–28.
2180:
2176:
2170:
2157:
2139:
2130:
2118:
2110:
2105:
2093:
2081:. Retrieved
2077:
2068:
2056:. Retrieved
2049:the original
2036:
2025:
2016:
2004:
1992:
1980:
1972:
1967:
1955:
1943:
1925:
1913:
1901:
1893:
1888:
1876:
1867:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1825:
1816:
1804:
1785:
1776:
1764:
1736:
1724:
1712:
1705:Freud Museum
1700:
1696:
1684:
1672:
1656:
1651:
1639:
1630:, quoted in
1623:
1611:
1602:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1547:
1536:
1524:. Retrieved
1520:
1511:
1496:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1421:
1415:
1411:
1398:
1383:Erik Erikson
1380:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1357:
1355:
1350:transference
1345:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1300:
1276:
1258:Freud Museum
1254:Freud family
1235:
1220:
1201:
1188:
1187:(1979), and
1184:
1180:
1165:
1150:
1125:
1121:Freud Museum
1106:Ernest Jones
1085:
1082:London years
1071:
1064:
1052:
1040:
1036:Erik Erikson
1025:
1005:
1000:
997:
973:
956:
940:
927:tuberculosis
924:
920:
911:Ernest Jones
908:
904:
884:
872:
869:Vienna years
855:Freud family
852:
845:
831:. Alongside
805:
804:
577:
569:Anti-Oedipus
567:
557:
547:
537:
527:
517:
507:
498:of Sexuality
494:
483:
473:
339:Freud (Anna)
338:
249:Transference
234:Introjection
224:Ego defenses
204:Preconscious
145:Freud family
66:(1982-10-09)
18:
4397:1982 deaths
4392:1895 births
4255:R. D. Laing
4230:Haim Ginott
4160:Carl Rogers
4125:Fritz Perls
4040:Psychodrama
3965:Biofeedback
3767:Integrative
3712:Art therapy
3691:Logotherapy
3447:(2023 film)
3431:(2011 film)
3423:(2010 film)
3415:(1993 play)
3412:The Visitor
3407:(1962 film)
3348:1971 statue
3185:("Wolfman")
3141:(Ida Bauer)
2919:(including
2022:"No. 37734"
1755:, pp.
1499:, VI, 1951.
1484:(1966–1970)
1470:(1956–1965)
1463:(1945–1956)
1443:(1922–1935)
1279:blue plaque
1268:Blue plaque
859:Nazi regime
199:Unconscious
87:Nationality
4386:Categories
4215:Aaron Beck
4130:Anna Freud
4025:Co-therapy
3880:Techniques
3810:Counseling
3798:Approaches
3663:Humanistic
3606:behavioral
3509:Jofi (dog)
3396:depictions
3261:Anal stage
3256:Oral stage
3234:censorship
2900:On Aphasia
2544:. London.
1504:References
1032:Peter Blos
1023:together.
887:her family
853:After the
806:Anna Freud
648:Relational
259:Resistance
229:Projection
97:Occupation
25:Anna Freud
4422:Freudians
4175:Rollo May
4110:Otto Rank
4095:Carl Jung
3825:Self-help
3355:Interment
3229:Ego ideal
3178:"Rat Man"
3165:"Anna O."
2958:(1916–17)
2921:On Dreams
2816:Lost Girl
2560:cite book
2367:cited in
2197:2373-8634
1297:Sexuality
1291:Hampstead
1216:Max Schur
1128:Hampstead
1097:Max Schur
1088:Anschluss
1060:Anschluss
1043:influenza
879:bourgeois
449:Winnicott
429:Spielrein
409:Laplanche
329:Fairbairn
269:Dreamwork
141:Relatives
4007:Modeling
3997:Homework
3901:Chaining
3839:Research
3681:Focusing
3394:Cultural
3333:Archives
3202:concepts
3200:Original
3032:" (1896)
2845:Archived
2748:(2000).
2652:(2008).
2640:(2016).
2521:Archived
2472:. p. 294
2464:(2005).
2423:. p. 302
2415:(2005).
2305:Gay 1988
2281:Gay 1988
2232:Gay 1988
2205:41887918
2138:(2016).
1933:Archived
1845:(2016).
1689:Gay 1988
1667:. p. 171
1644:Gay 1988
1544:(2000).
1526:26 April
1487:Vol. 8.
1480:Vol. 7.
1473:Vol. 6.
1466:Vol. 5.
1459:Vol. 4.
1453:Vol. 3.
1446:Vol. 2.
1439:Vol. 1.
1285:, at 20
1183:(1973),
724:See also
666:Training
643:Reichian
618:Lacanian
603:Adlerian
444:Sullivan
439:Strachey
394:Kristeva
369:Jacobson
364:Irigaray
354:Guattari
334:Ferenczi
319:Chodorow
274:Cathexis
182:Concepts
155:Part of
133:(mother)
127:(father)
3911:Shaping
3866:History
3558:Schools
3314:Related
3139:"Dora"
2493:. p. 63
2371:(1973)
2058:29 July
1101:suicide
1093:Veronal
1047:Hamburg
1021:cottage
1012:Tiffany
994:in 1913
931:illness
917:Teacher
633:Marxist
613:Jungian
324:Erikson
294:Abraham
118:Parents
4058:People
3456:Family
3219:Libido
3167:
3124:(1928)
3116:(1922)
3110:(1920)
3102:(1918)
3094:(1916)
3086:(1915)
3080:(1914)
3072:(1914)
3064:(1910)
3056:(1908)
3048:(1907)
3040:(1905)
3022:Essays
3014:(1939)
3006:(1930)
2998:(1927)
2990:(1926)
2982:(1923)
2974:(1921)
2966:(1917)
2950:(1913)
2942:(1905)
2934:(1901)
2926:(1899)
2911:(1895)
2903:(1891)
2832:(2003)
2777:
2756:
2734:
2709:
2690:
2662:
2626:
2603:
2581:
2548:
2489:
2468:
2419:
2203:
2195:
2083:19 May
1792:
1663:
1560:
1477:(1965)
1141:stress
1136:German
817:Vienna
583:(1989)
573:(1972)
563:(1964)
553:(1933)
543:(1930)
533:(1923)
523:(1920)
513:(1912)
502:(1905)
489:(1901)
479:(1899)
434:Stekel
414:Mahler
359:Horney
314:Breuer
304:Balint
264:Denial
239:Libido
50:Vienna
3705:Other
3436:Freud
3365:Humor
2892:Books
2828:from
2201:S2CID
2162:(PDF)
2052:(PDF)
2045:(PDF)
1757:76–78
1281:, by
1208:Ernst
1132:Essex
1095:from
891:Freud
454:Žižek
424:Reich
404:Laing
399:Lacan
389:Klein
384:Kohut
374:Jones
349:Fromm
299:Adler
244:Drive
3757:List
2775:ISBN
2754:ISBN
2732:ISBN
2707:ISBN
2688:ISBN
2660:ISBN
2624:ISBN
2601:ISBN
2579:ISBN
2566:link
2546:ISBN
2487:ISBN
2466:ISBN
2417:ISBN
2219:link
2193:ISSN
2085:2019
2060:2014
1790:ISBN
1661:ISBN
1558:ISBN
1528:2016
1393:and
1214:and
1175:and
1034:and
835:and
823:and
419:Rank
379:Jung
309:Bion
61:Died
43:Born
2185:doi
1554:276
1231:CBE
848:ego
809:CBE
4388::
2730:.
2562:}}
2558:{{
2435:.
2215:}}
2211:{{
2199:.
2179:.
2148:^
2076:.
2024:.
1745:^
1703:.
1556:.
1519:.
1389:,
1385:,
1289:,
1233:.
1112:.
843:.
159:on
52:,
3935:/
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3529:v
3173:)
3169:(
3028:"
2923:)
2877:e
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2783:.
2762:.
2740:.
2715:.
2696:.
2668:.
2632:.
2609:.
2587:.
2568:)
2554:.
2221:)
2207:.
2187::
2181:1
2087:.
2062:.
1798:.
1759:.
1566:.
1530:.
794:e
787:t
780:v
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