1023:
1243:
1111:
1089:
1221:
4567:
3295:
80:
1045:
1133:
1067:
1199:
1155:
1177:
55:
1638:
Other species have benefited from reductions in hunting since the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with most species in western Europe and North
America showing marked increases in response to protection. In some cases, this has led to conflicts with farming, when large flocks of geese graze crops
1976:
Ottenburghs, Jente; Megens, Hendrik-Jan; Kraus, Robert H. S.; van Hooft, Pim; van Wieren, Sipke E.; Crooijmans, Richard P. M. A.; Ydenberg, Ronald C.; Groenen, Martien A. M.; Prins, Herbert H. T. (2017).
2383:
1611:
Most species are hunted to a greater or lesser extent; in some areas, some populations are threatened by over-hunting and habitat loss. Although most species are not considered threatened by the
2197:
Banks, Richard C.; Chesser, R. Terry; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L.; Kratter, Andrew W.; Lovette, Irby J.; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Remsen, J.V. Jr; Rising, James D.; Stotz, Douglas F. (2007).
1356:
too, sometimes from the same localities as the presumed grey geese, it casts serious doubt on the correct generic assignment of the supposed North
American fossil geese.
2036:
Ottenburghs, J.; Megens, H.-J.; Kraus, R.H.S.; Madsen, O.; van Hooft, P.; van Wieren, S.E.; Crooijmans, R.P.M.A.; Ydenberg, R.C.; Groenen, M.A.M.; Prins, H.H.T. (2016).
1236:
Breeds in northern Canada, Alaska, Greenland and northern Russia; winters in contiguous United States, northern Mexico, Europe, East Asia, Iraq and near the
Caspian Sea
1479:
498:, and several have some extent of white on their heads. The neck, body and wings are grey or white, with black or blackish primary—and also often secondary—
1431:
1419:
1410:
2170:
Check-list of North
American Birds: the species of birds of North America from the Arctic through Panama, including the West Indies and Hawaiian Islands
1510:
1488:
3678:
2999:
1499:
1467:
1443:
3733:
3669:
3557:
3039:
1398:
1386:
4892:
4751:
3233:
1575:
1455:
4095:
3846:
3826:
3685:
1374:
1340:
to genus, this must be viewed with caution. It can be assumed with limited certainty that
European fossils from known inland sites belong into
1258:
Breeds in northern Russia, Finland, Norway and Sweden; winters in East Asia, near the
Caspian Sea, and in southeastern and northwestern Europe
1911:
Systema Naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Volume 1
1368:
and might be placed into a different genus; alternatively, it might have been a unique example of a grey goose adapted for perching in trees.
4790:
4365:
3996:
3916:
3692:
3611:
3589:
3579:
3050:
3019:
2988:
2934:
2883:
2869:
2861:
4071:
3956:
3946:
3742:
3449:
3438:
3343:
3242:
3118:
2854:
4244:
4233:
3632:
3525:
3471:
3375:
3196:
599:. In 2016 Ottenburghs and colleagues published a study that established the phylogenetic relationships between the species by comparing
4133:
4044:
3899:
3871:
3756:
3654:
3546:
3503:
3836:
2238:
4725:
3406:
452:
south in winter, typically to regions in the temperate zone between the
January 0 °C (32 °F) and 5 °C (41 °F)
4764:
3029:
2559:
494:
All have legs and feet that are pink, or orange, and bills that are pink, orange, or black. All have white under- and upper-tail
448:
regions of the
Northern Hemisphere in summer. Some also breed farther south, reaching into warm temperate regions. They mostly
1869:
4769:
1859:
2180:(7th ed., 41st supplement). American Ornithologists' Union and Allen Press, Washington, D.C. and Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
2127:
Dudley, Steve P.; Gee, Mike; Kehoe, Chris; Melling, Tim M.; The
British Ornithologists' Union Records Committee (2006).
2582:
2185:
2173:
2164:
2115:
2091:
1837:
Ornithologie, ou, MĂ©thode
Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés
1816:
1653:
4849:
4704:
4795:
4717:
202:
2220:
2344:
2300:
1648:
4777:
1038:
Breeds in highlands of Central Asia; winters in South Asia, Myanmar and southern China; introduced in Europe
4566:
1925:
Ottenburghs, Jente; van Hooft, Pim; van Wieren, Sipke E.; Ydenberg, Ronald C.; Prins, Herbert H. T. (2016).
1022:
467:
The species of this genus span nearly the whole range of true goose shapes and sizes. The largest are the
4647:
2552:
1803:
1734:
1604:
are derived from the greylag goose, and Chinese and some African domesticated geese are derived from the
1231:
1104:
Breeds in northern Canada, Alaska and Greenland; winters in contiguous United States and northern Mexico
903:
352:
24:
4652:
3294:
2488:
2107:
1764:
1658:
1616:
1253:
1110:
923:
484:
2527:
2449:
4854:
4805:
1242:
2646:
1894:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 424.
1832:
544:
175:
2199:"Forty-eighth Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds"
79:
453:
156:
2198:
4831:
4587:
2545:
2537:
588:
4756:
1148:
Breeds in Mongolia, northernmost China and southeastern Russia; winters in southeastern China
1082:
Breeds in northern Canada and Alaska; winters in contiguous United States and northern Mexico
4877:
4841:
4826:
2787:
4818:
4887:
4673:
4634:
2700:
2196:
2049:
1990:
1711:
1707:
1336:
species have been allocated to this genus. As the true geese are near-impossible to assign
1170:
Breeds in Russia, Finland, Norway and Sweden; winters in Europe, and Central and East Asia
249:
2235:
8:
3749:
2465:
1596:
Two species in the genus are of major commercial importance, having been domesticated as
2504:
2426:
2053:
1994:
2918:
2673:
2325:
2038:"A tree of geese: A phylogenomic perspective on the evolutionary history of True Geese"
2013:
1978:
1953:
1926:
1624:
1601:
1552:
1521:
372:
330:
317:
256:
74:
20:
2037:
4813:
4660:
2181:
2150:
2111:
2087:
2065:
2018:
1958:
1865:
1812:
1321:
1209:
1187:
1088:
858:
838:
2345:"A phylogenetic analysis of recent anseriform genera using morphological characters"
2126:
1811:. Vol. 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 536–628.
4385:
3417:
2845:
2522:
2483:
2444:
2405:
2361:
2317:
2215:
2145:
2057:
2008:
1998:
1948:
1938:
1768:
1220:
1165:
1033:
811:
624:
596:
552:
495:
296:
2104:
Wildfowl : an identification guide to the ducks, geese and swans of the world
1324:) or as likely future species splits (notably the Greenland white-fronted goose).
440:
distribution, with at least one species breeding in any open, wet habitats in the
4665:
4625:
3986:
2819:
2631:
2242:
2177:
1632:
1293:
1077:
685:
511:
488:
270:
263:
218:
4782:
2061:
1889:
1844:
1840:
1772:
1677:
Short (1970) considers this bird to be somewhat reminiscent of geese and swans,
4882:
4712:
4699:
4522:
4395:
4258:
3767:
3703:
3514:
3493:
3396:
3149:
2808:
2136:
2128:
1914:(in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae:Laurentii Salvii. p. 123.
1538:
480:
449:
4639:
2003:
1943:
1909:
4871:
4610:
4085:
3177:
3009:
2927:
2770:
2757:
2712:
2513:
2474:
2435:
2352:
2308:
2206:
1905:
1628:
1353:
1302:
1121:
1055:
750:
658:
564:
556:
503:
472:
362:
342:
303:
289:
198:
192:
63:
2365:
4515:
4464:
4419:
4265:
4174:
4109:
4034:
3719:
3643:
3385:
3354:
2946:
2615:
2569:
2069:
2022:
1979:"A history of hybrids? Genomic patterns of introgression in the True Geese"
1962:
1703:
1565:
1345:
1044:
572:
310:
184:
131:
2410:
2393:
2168:
1214:
Breeds in Iceland, Svalbard and Greenland; winters in northwestern Europe
4738:
4619:
4341:
4314:
4223:
3936:
3809:
3776:
3712:
3482:
3460:
3428:
3206:
2876:
2685:
1557:
1269:
592:
225:
1192:
Breeds in northern Russia; winters in Europe, and Central and East Asia
1132:
4730:
4454:
4426:
4321:
4307:
4296:
4289:
4251:
4213:
4195:
4181:
4164:
4157:
4061:
4051:
4020:
4013:
3967:
3882:
3799:
3165:
3088:
2966:
2890:
2830:
2609:
2329:
1885:
1620:
1605:
1585:
1317:
1284:
1143:
1099:
777:
705:
507:
476:
468:
2278:"Catalogue of Fossil Birds: Part 2 (Anseriformes through Galliformes)"
2234:
van den Berg, Arnoud B. (2007): Lijst van Nederlandse vogelsoorten .
1924:
4686:
4471:
4440:
4433:
4405:
4205:
4116:
4027:
3976:
3926:
3889:
3860:
3787:
3568:
3364:
3221:
3186:
3099:
2897:
2797:
2658:
1698:
1683:
1337:
1198:
1066:
568:
445:
441:
437:
429:
425:
403:
91:
4743:
4581:
2321:
1176:
1154:
4691:
4604:
4533:
4412:
4332:
4279:
4144:
3621:
3536:
3326:
3313:
3253:
3061:
2594:
2387:
1678:
1591:
433:
141:
111:
45:
2277:
4678:
4508:
4482:
4376:
4348:
4188:
4123:
4078:
4003:
3600:
3140:
3072:
2977:
2379:
2254:
Fox, A.D.; Stroud, D.A. (2002). "Greenland White-fronted Goose".
2129:"The British List: A Checklist of Birds of Britain (7th edition)"
1597:
1349:
499:
491:, which ranges from about 1.3 to 2.3 kg (3–5 lb).
41:
2567:
1462:(Dwarf Snow goose) (Glenns Ferry Late Pliocene of Hagerman, USA)
528:
differ in having black legs, and generally darker body plumage.
4542:
4498:
4447:
4355:
4102:
3853:
3125:
3108:
2904:
2588:
2301:"A new anseriform genus and species from the Nebraska Pliocene"
1975:
1564:. Given its age it is likely to belong to an extant genus, and
1333:
600:
524:
101:
1060:
Near the Pacific coast in Alaska, Russian Far East and Canada
4272:
1533:
537:
418:
406:
2390:(specimen MUHNES 2SSAP30-545), apparently of a single bird:
2035:
587:
geese have been difficult to resolve because of their rapid
54:
4491:
3906:
2600:
2221:
10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[1109:FSTTAO]2.0.CO;2
1612:
422:
121:
1378:(Middle/Late Miocene of Bavaria, Germany) – sometimes in
2502:
2463:
2424:
1556:. A goose fossil from the Early-Middle Pleistocene of
1264:
The following white geese were separated as the genus
531:
479:
at up to around 4 kg (9 lb) in weight (with
2391:
2253:
1807:. In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. (eds.).
4504:
4460:
4401:
4391:
4361:
4302:
4285:
4240:
4229:
4219:
4201:
4170:
4129:
4091:
4067:
4057:
4040:
4009:
3992:
3982:
3952:
3942:
3932:
3922:
3912:
3895:
3878:
3866:
3842:
3832:
3822:
3805:
3795:
3730:
3666:
3650:
3639:
3628:
3617:
3607:
3596:
3585:
3575:
3564:
3553:
3542:
3532:
3521:
3510:
3499:
3489:
3478:
3467:
3456:
3445:
3434:
3424:
3413:
3402:
3392:
3381:
3371:
3360:
3350:
3339:
3230:
3202:
3192:
3161:
3114:
3084:
3057:
3046:
3035:
3025:
3015:
3005:
2995:
2983:
2973:
2962:
2915:
2842:
2826:
2815:
2804:
2793:
2783:
1839:(in French and Latin). Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche.
1763:
1714:
towards being able to perch in trees (Livezey 1986).
1438:(Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Trojanovo, Bulgaria)
2394:"New Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from El Salvador"
2342:
2489:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22679886A132300164.en
1802:
2528:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679919A92834737.en
2450:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679869A92832782.en
1364:seems to differ profoundly from other species of
522:. The closely related "black" geese in the genus
514:geese) were formerly treated as a separate genus
4869:
2457:
2298:
2275:
1592:Relationship with humans and conservation status
19:"Grey goose" redirects here. For the vodka, see
2496:
1450:(Valentine Early Pliocene of Brown County, USA)
502:(pinions). The three species of "white geese" (
2630:
483:far exceeding this), and the smallest are the
2553:
2418:
2768:
1884:
1861:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
1706:assemblage of miscellaneous waterfowl whose
1584:(Late Miocene of Antwerp, Belgium) may be a
1483:(Early? Pleistocene of Binagady, Azerbaijan)
547:in 1760. The name comes from the Latin word
2271:
2269:
2560:
2546:
1804:"Family Anatidae (Ducks, Geese and Swans)"
1800:
1702:or "perching ducks" are now known to be a
53:
2526:
2487:
2448:
2409:
2219:
2149:
2012:
2002:
1952:
1942:
1405:(Big Sandy Late Miocene of Wickieup, USA)
1393:(Big Sandy Late Miocene of Wickieup, USA)
2372:
2266:
2102:Madge, Steve & Burn, Hilary (1987):
1904:
1864:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 48.
1426:(Late Miocene of Oehningen, Switzerland)
3324:
2336:
1857:
1831:
583:The evolutionary relationships between
543:was introduced by the French zoologist
4893:Taxa named by Mathurin Jacques Brisson
4870:
2256:Birds of the Western Palearctic Update
2120:
1825:
459:The genus contains 11 living species.
4586:
4585:
3311:
2755:
2581:
2541:
2292:
2190:
2096:
2076:
2042:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1888:; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979).
1796:
1794:
1779:. International Ornithologists' Union
1759:
1757:
1755:
1528:(Late Pleistocene of Yakutia, Russia)
1504:Burchak-Abramovich & Gadzyev 1978
1436:Burchak-Abramovich & Nikolov 1984
4806:76eda292-85dd-4820-9057-8faa7a897f1b
4718:7e23d2f3-927b-477d-b598-0620488fb6c8
2282:Bulletin of the Florida State Museum
2228:
1851:
1414:(Late Miocene of Steinheim, Germany)
518:, but are now generally included in
2514:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2475:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2436:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2398:Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia
2247:
2158:
2084:The Birds of the Western Palearctic
532:Systematics, taxonomy and evolution
13:
1927:"Hybridization in geese: a review"
1809:Handbook of the Birds of the World
1791:
1752:
1727:
1348:have been described from the Late
571:to become its generic name as the
14:
4904:
2756:
1741:. The Trust for Avian Systematics
1654:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
1320:as distinct species (notably the
1316:Some authorities also treat some
4565:
3293:
2151:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2006.00603.x
1891:Check-list of Birds of the World
1773:"Screamers, ducks, geese, swans"
1710:similarities are the product of
1424:(Meyer 1865) Milne-Edwards 1867b
1327:
1241:
1219:
1197:
1175:
1153:
1131:
1109:
1087:
1065:
1043:
1021:
78:
2503:BirdLife International (2016).
2464:BirdLife International (2018).
2425:BirdLife International (2016).
2029:
1690:
1671:
1001:The genus contains 11 species:
2392:Cisneros, Juan Carlos (2005).
2165:American Ornithologists' Union
1969:
1918:
1898:
1878:
1649:List of recently extinct birds
1126:Europe, Asia and North Africa
462:
1:
1721:
1542:was occasionally placed into
1526:Zelenkov & Kurochkin 2014
3312:
2343:Livezey, Bradley C. (1986).
1344:. As species related to the
578:
551:meaning "goose" used as the
7:
2241:September 29, 2007, at the
2062:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.021
1801:Carboneras, Carles (1992).
1777:World Bird List Version 9.1
1642:
1572:as other likely candidate.
1232:Greater white-fronted goose
904:Greater white-fronted goose
25:Grey Goose (disambiguation)
10:
4909:
1659:List of fossil bird genera
1617:lesser white-fronted goose
1254:Lesser white-fronted goose
996:
924:Lesser white-fronted goose
567:in 1758, that epithet was
389:Short, 1970 (but see text)
18:
4594:
4562:
4532:
4481:
4375:
4331:
4152:
4143:
3966:
3786:
3766:
3729:
3702:
3665:
3335:
3320:
3307:
3290:
3252:
3229:
3220:
3176:
3157:
3148:
3139:
3098:
3080:
3071:
2958:
2945:
2914:
2841:
2779:
2764:
2751:
2711:
2693:
2684:
2666:
2657:
2639:
2626:
2577:
2482:: e.T22679886A132300164.
2299:Short, Lester L. (1970).
2276:Brodkorb, Pierce (1964).
2004:10.1186/s12862-017-1048-2
1944:10.1186/s12983-016-0153-1
1858:Jobling, James A (2010).
1833:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
1309:– sometimes separated in
921:
901:
894:
856:
836:
829:
809:
802:
795:
775:
768:
748:
741:
703:
683:
676:
656:
649:
642:
622:
615:
417:. It belongs to the true
336:
329:
214:
209:
190:
183:
75:Scientific classification
73:
61:
52:
34:
2572:and their extinct allies
2521:: e.T22679919A92834737.
2443:: e.T22679869A92832782.
2386:2SSAP30-853) and a left
1983:BMC Evolutionary Biology
1664:
1582:Beneden 1872 nomen nudum
1472:Martin & Mengel 1980
545:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
1480:Anser azerbaidzhanicus
1474:(Pliocene of Nebraska)
23:. For other uses, see
4827:Paleobiology Database
2411:10.4072/rbp.2005.3.09
2366:10.1093/auk/103.4.737
1560:is highly similar to
345:, 1822 (but see text)
4713:Fauna Europaea (new)
1931:Frontiers in Zoology
1739:aviansystematics.org
1712:convergent evolution
1687:or "perching ducks".
1205:Anser brachyrhynchus
843:Anser brachyrhynchus
485:lesser white-fronted
432:under the family of
250:Anser brachyrhynchus
2054:2016MolPE.101..303O
1995:2017BMCEE..17..201O
365:, 1846 (emendation)
2919:Anachronornithidae
2176:2007-12-11 at the
2082:Cramp, S. (1977):
1767:; Donsker, David;
1602:domesticated geese
1553:Cygnus paloregonus
1522:Anser djuktaiensis
1432:Anser thraceiensis
1289:Anser caerulescens
1272:works now include
1183:Anser serrirostris
1095:Anser caerulescens
863:Anser serrirostris
710:Anser caerulescens
436:. The genus has a
409:that includes the
318:Anser serrirostris
257:Anser caerulescens
237:A. a. rubrirostris
21:Grey Goose (vodka)
4865:
4864:
4814:Open Tree of Life
4588:Taxon identifiers
4579:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4552:
4551:
3303:
3302:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3216:
3215:
3135:
3134:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2730:
1871:978-1-4081-2501-4
1769:Rasmussen, Pamela
1583:
1527:
1516:
1505:
1494:
1473:
1461:
1449:
1437:
1425:
1420:Anser oeningensis
1411:Anser cygniformis
1404:
1392:
1322:tundra bean goose
1262:
1261:
1210:Pink-footed goose
1188:Tundra bean goose
993:
992:
984:
983:
975:
974:
966:
965:
957:
956:
948:
947:
939:
938:
883:
882:
874:
873:
859:Tundra bean goose
839:Pink-footed goose
730:
729:
721:
720:
395:
394:
390:
383:
376:
366:
356:
346:
179:
160:
4900:
4858:
4857:
4845:
4844:
4835:
4834:
4822:
4821:
4809:
4808:
4799:
4798:
4786:
4785:
4783:NBNSYS0000188665
4773:
4772:
4760:
4759:
4747:
4746:
4734:
4733:
4721:
4720:
4708:
4707:
4695:
4694:
4682:
4681:
4669:
4668:
4656:
4655:
4643:
4642:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4583:
4582:
4570:
4569:
4506:
4462:
4403:
4393:
4363:
4304:
4287:
4242:
4231:
4221:
4203:
4172:
4150:
4149:
4131:
4093:
4069:
4059:
4042:
4011:
3994:
3984:
3954:
3944:
3934:
3924:
3914:
3897:
3880:
3868:
3844:
3834:
3824:
3807:
3797:
3732:
3668:
3652:
3641:
3630:
3619:
3609:
3598:
3587:
3577:
3566:
3555:
3544:
3534:
3523:
3512:
3501:
3491:
3480:
3469:
3458:
3447:
3436:
3426:
3418:Chelychelynechen
3415:
3404:
3394:
3383:
3373:
3362:
3352:
3341:
3333:
3332:
3322:
3321:
3309:
3308:
3298:
3297:
3232:
3227:
3226:
3204:
3194:
3163:
3155:
3154:
3146:
3145:
3116:
3086:
3078:
3077:
3059:
3048:
3037:
3027:
3017:
3007:
2997:
2985:
2975:
2964:
2956:
2955:
2917:
2846:Presbyornithidae
2844:
2828:
2817:
2806:
2795:
2785:
2777:
2776:
2766:
2765:
2753:
2752:
2691:
2690:
2664:
2663:
2637:
2636:
2628:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2579:
2578:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2468:Anser erythropus
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2349:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2305:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2251:
2245:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2214:(3): 1109–1115.
2203:
2194:
2188:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2133:
2124:
2118:
2108:Christopher Helm
2100:
2094:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2016:
2006:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1956:
1946:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1806:
1798:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1761:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1731:
1715:
1694:
1688:
1675:
1581:
1550:is a synonym of
1525:
1514:
1511:Anser tchikoicus
1503:
1492:
1489:Anser devjatkini
1471:
1459:
1447:
1435:
1423:
1402:
1390:
1249:Anser erythropus
1245:
1223:
1201:
1179:
1166:Taiga bean goose
1157:
1135:
1113:
1091:
1069:
1047:
1034:Bar-headed goose
1025:
1004:
1003:
928:Anser erythropus
897:
896:
832:
831:
812:Taiga bean goose
805:
804:
798:
797:
771:
770:
744:
743:
679:
678:
652:
651:
645:
644:
625:Bar-headed goose
618:
617:
607:
606:
603:DNA sequences.
563:) introduced by
553:specific epithet
388:
381:
371:
361:
351:
341:
297:Anser erythropus
282:A. c. domesticus
242:A. a. domesticus
174:
155:
83:
82:
57:
40:Temporal range:
32:
31:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4898:
4897:
4868:
4867:
4866:
4861:
4853:
4848:
4840:
4838:
4830:
4825:
4817:
4812:
4804:
4802:
4794:
4789:
4781:
4776:
4768:
4763:
4755:
4750:
4742:
4737:
4729:
4724:
4716:
4711:
4703:
4698:
4690:
4685:
4677:
4672:
4664:
4659:
4651:
4646:
4638:
4633:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4590:
4580:
4571:
4564:
4548:
4528:
4477:
4371:
4327:
4139:
3987:Australotadorna
3962:
3782:
3762:
3725:
3698:
3679:Paracygnopterus
3661:
3329:
3316:
3299:
3292:
3268:
3248:
3212:
3172:
3131:
3094:
3067:
3000:Naranbulagornis
2949:
2941:
2910:
2837:
2820:Pelagornithidae
2773:
2760:
2727:
2707:
2680:
2653:
2647:Avemetatarsalia
2632:Avemetatarsalia
2622:
2584:
2583:
2573:
2566:
2536:
2507:Anser canagicus
2501:
2497:
2462:
2458:
2423:
2419:
2377:
2373:
2347:
2341:
2337:
2322:10.2307/4083796
2303:
2297:
2293:
2274:
2267:
2252:
2248:
2243:Wayback Machine
2233:
2229:
2201:
2195:
2191:
2178:Wayback Machine
2163:
2159:
2131:
2125:
2121:
2101:
2097:
2081:
2077:
2034:
2030:
1974:
1970:
1923:
1919:
1903:
1899:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1856:
1852:
1830:
1826:
1819:
1799:
1792:
1782:
1780:
1771:, eds. (2019).
1762:
1753:
1744:
1742:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1718:
1695:
1691:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1645:
1639:in the winter.
1633:near-threatened
1594:
1500:Anser eldaricus
1468:Anser thompsoni
1460:(Brodkorb 1964)
1444:Anser pratensis
1362:Anser pratensis
1330:
1307:Anser canagicus
1227:Anser albifrons
1139:Anser cygnoides
1051:Anser canagicus
1010:Scientific name
999:
994:
985:
976:
967:
958:
949:
940:
908:Anser albifrons
884:
875:
782:Anser cygnoides
731:
722:
663:Anser canagicus
581:
534:
465:
384:
382:Bannister, 1870
377:
367:
357:
347:
277:A. c. cygnoides
271:Anser cygnoides
264:Anser canagicus
219:Anser albifrons
205:
196:
173:
154:
77:
48:
38:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4906:
4896:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4846:
4836:
4823:
4810:
4800:
4787:
4774:
4761:
4748:
4735:
4722:
4709:
4700:Fauna Europaea
4696:
4683:
4670:
4657:
4644:
4631:
4616:
4600:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4577:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4538:
4536:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4502:
4495:
4487:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4468:
4458:
4451:
4444:
4437:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4399:
4396:Camptorhynchus
4389:
4381:
4379:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4337:
4335:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4318:
4311:
4300:
4293:
4283:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4259:Malacorhynchus
4255:
4248:
4238:
4227:
4217:
4210:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4168:
4161:
4153:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4065:
4055:
4048:
4038:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4007:
4000:
3990:
3980:
3972:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3950:
3940:
3930:
3920:
3910:
3903:
3893:
3886:
3876:
3864:
3857:
3850:
3840:
3830:
3820:
3813:
3803:
3792:
3790:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3772:
3770:
3768:Stictonettinae
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3738:
3736:
3734:Dendrocheninae
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3716:
3708:
3706:
3704:Dendrocygninae
3700:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3674:
3672:
3670:Romainvillinae
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3648:
3637:
3626:
3615:
3605:
3594:
3583:
3573:
3562:
3558:Protomelanitta
3551:
3540:
3530:
3519:
3515:Mioquerquedula
3508:
3497:
3494:Lavanttalornis
3487:
3476:
3465:
3454:
3443:
3432:
3422:
3411:
3400:
3397:Caerulonettion
3390:
3379:
3369:
3358:
3348:
3336:
3330:
3325:
3318:
3317:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3238:
3236:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3200:
3190:
3182:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3158:
3152:
3150:Anseranatoidea
3143:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3122:
3112:
3104:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3081:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3055:
3044:
3040:Petropluvialis
3033:
3023:
3013:
3003:
2993:
2981:
2971:
2959:
2953:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2921:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2858:
2850:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2824:
2813:
2809:Dromornithidae
2802:
2791:
2780:
2774:
2769:
2762:
2761:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2640:
2634:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2612:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2575:
2574:
2565:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2542:
2535:
2534:
2495:
2456:
2417:
2404:(3): 239–255.
2371:
2360:(4): 737–754.
2335:
2316:(3): 537–543.
2291:
2265:
2246:
2227:
2189:
2157:
2144:(3): 526–563.
2119:
2095:
2075:
2028:
1968:
1917:
1906:Linnaeus, Carl
1897:
1877:
1870:
1850:
1845:Vol. 6, p. 261
1824:
1817:
1790:
1751:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1689:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1644:
1641:
1623:are listed as
1593:
1590:
1539:Cygnus equitum
1530:
1529:
1517:
1506:
1495:
1484:
1475:
1463:
1451:
1439:
1427:
1415:
1406:
1399:Anser arizonae
1394:
1387:Anser arenosus
1382:
1338:osteologically
1329:
1326:
1314:
1313:
1300:
1291:
1270:ornithological
1260:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
998:
995:
991:
990:
987:
986:
982:
981:
978:
977:
973:
972:
969:
968:
964:
963:
960:
959:
955:
954:
951:
950:
946:
945:
942:
941:
937:
936:
933:
932:
920:
917:
916:
913:
912:
900:
895:
893:
890:
889:
886:
885:
881:
880:
877:
876:
872:
871:
868:
867:
855:
852:
851:
848:
847:
835:
830:
828:
825:
824:
821:
820:
808:
803:
801:
796:
794:
791:
790:
787:
786:
774:
769:
767:
764:
763:
760:
759:
747:
742:
740:
737:
736:
733:
732:
728:
727:
724:
723:
719:
718:
715:
714:
702:
699:
698:
695:
694:
682:
677:
675:
672:
671:
668:
667:
655:
650:
648:
643:
641:
638:
637:
634:
633:
621:
616:
614:
605:
580:
577:
533:
530:
481:domestic forms
464:
461:
393:
392:
334:
333:
327:
326:
322:
321:
314:
307:
300:
293:
286:
285:
284:
279:
267:
260:
253:
246:
245:
244:
239:
234:
222:
212:
211:
207:
206:
197:
188:
187:
181:
180:
166:
162:
161:
149:
145:
144:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
71:
70:
59:
58:
50:
49:
39:
16:Genus of birds
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4905:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4856:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4837:
4833:
4828:
4824:
4820:
4815:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4797:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4779:
4775:
4771:
4766:
4762:
4758:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4636:
4632:
4627:
4621:
4617:
4612:
4606:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4584:
4568:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4535:
4531:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4467:
4466:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4408:
4407:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4368:
4367:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4128:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4119:
4118:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4086:Plectropterus
4083:
4081:
4080:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3959:
3958:
3951:
3949:
3948:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3728:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3656:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3616:
3614:
3613:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3310:
3306:
3296:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3234:Paranyrocidae
3228:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3209:
3208:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3178:Anseranatidae
3175:
3168:
3167:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3138:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3010:Paakniwatavis
3004:
3002:
3001:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2951:sensu stricto
2948:
2944:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2928:Anachronornis
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2832:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2771:Anserimorphae
2767:
2763:
2759:
2758:Anserimorphae
2754:
2750:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2713:Anserimorphae
2710:
2702:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2617:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2563:
2558:
2556:
2551:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2529:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2508:
2499:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2469:
2460:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2430:
2429:Anser cygnoid
2421:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2346:
2339:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2302:
2295:
2288:(3): 195–335.
2287:
2283:
2279:
2272:
2270:
2261:
2257:
2250:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2231:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2200:
2193:
2187:
2186:1-891276-00-X
2183:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2130:
2123:
2117:
2116:0-7470-2201-1
2113:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2092:0-19-857358-8
2089:
2085:
2079:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2032:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1989:(201): 1–14.
1988:
1984:
1980:
1972:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1921:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1901:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1873:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1854:
1846:
1842:
1841:Vol. 1, p. 58
1838:
1834:
1828:
1820:
1818:84-87334-10-5
1814:
1810:
1805:
1797:
1795:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1726:
1713:
1709:
1708:morphological
1705:
1701:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1629:emperor goose
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1589:
1587:
1580:
1579:
1578:Anser scaldii
1573:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1548:Anser condoni
1545:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1515:KuroÄŤkin 1985
1513:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1493:KuroÄŤkin 1971
1491:
1490:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1456:Anser pressus
1452:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1354:North America
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1328:Fossil record
1325:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:Emperor goose
1301:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:Anser fabalis
1159:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1123:
1122:Greylag goose
1120:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1056:Emperor goose
1054:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1029:Anser indicus
1027:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1016:Distribution
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1002:
989:
988:
980:
979:
971:
970:
962:
961:
953:
952:
944:
943:
935:
934:
931:
929:
925:
919:
918:
915:
914:
911:
909:
905:
899:
898:
892:
891:
888:
887:
879:
878:
870:
869:
866:
864:
860:
854:
853:
850:
849:
846:
844:
840:
834:
833:
827:
826:
823:
822:
819:
817:
816:Anser fabalis
813:
807:
806:
800:
799:
793:
792:
789:
788:
785:
783:
779:
773:
772:
766:
765:
762:
761:
758:
756:
752:
751:Greylag goose
746:
745:
739:
738:
735:
734:
726:
725:
717:
716:
713:
711:
707:
701:
700:
697:
696:
693:
691:
687:
681:
680:
674:
673:
670:
669:
666:
664:
660:
659:Emperor goose
654:
653:
647:
646:
640:
639:
636:
635:
632:
630:
629:Anser indicus
626:
620:
619:
612:
609:
608:
604:
602:
598:
597:hybridization
595:and frequent
594:
590:
586:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
557:greylag goose
554:
550:
546:
542:
539:
529:
527:
526:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
460:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
405:
401:
400:
391:
387:
380:
374:
370:
364:
360:
354:
350:
344:
340:
335:
332:
328:
325:
324:and see text
320:
319:
315:
313:
312:
308:
306:
305:
304:Anser indicus
301:
299:
298:
294:
292:
291:
290:Anser fabalis
287:
283:
280:
278:
275:
274:
273:
272:
268:
266:
265:
261:
259:
258:
254:
252:
251:
247:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
229:
228:
227:
223:
221:
220:
216:
215:
213:
208:
204:
200:
195:
194:
189:
186:
182:
177:
172:
171:
167:
164:
163:
158:
153:
150:
147:
146:
143:
140:
137:
136:
133:
130:
127:
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:
113:
110:
107:
106:
103:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
86:
81:
76:
72:
69:
65:
64:greylag geese
60:
56:
51:
47:
43:
37:
33:
30:
26:
22:
4878:Anser (bird)
4595:
4541:
4521:
4516:Sibirionetta
4514:
4507:
4497:
4490:
4470:
4465:Shiriyanetta
4463:
4453:
4446:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4420:Histrionicus
4418:
4411:
4404:
4394:
4384:
4364:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4295:
4288:
4278:
4271:
4266:Marmaronetta
4264:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4232:
4222:
4212:
4204:
4194:
4187:
4180:
4175:Anabernicula
4173:
4163:
4156:
4132:
4122:
4115:
4110:Sarkidiornis
4108:
4101:
4096:Pleistoanser
4094:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4060:
4050:
4043:
4035:Hymenolaimus
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4002:
3995:
3985:
3975:
3955:
3945:
3935:
3925:
3915:
3905:
3898:
3888:
3881:
3870:
3859:
3852:
3847:Bonibernicla
3845:
3835:
3827:Anserobranta
3825:
3816:
3815:
3808:
3798:
3775:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3720:Thalassornis
3718:
3711:
3691:
3686:Romainvillia
3684:
3677:
3653:
3644:Thambetochen
3642:
3631:
3620:
3610:
3599:
3588:
3578:
3567:
3556:
3545:
3535:
3524:
3513:
3502:
3492:
3481:
3470:
3459:
3448:
3437:
3427:
3416:
3405:
3395:
3386:Bambolinetta
3384:
3374:
3363:
3355:Allgoviachen
3353:
3342:
3241:
3205:
3195:
3185:
3164:
3124:
3117:
3107:
3087:
3060:
3049:
3038:
3028:
3018:
3008:
2998:
2987:
2976:
2965:
2950:
2947:Anseriformes
2933:
2926:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2860:
2853:
2829:
2818:
2807:
2796:
2786:
2616:Galloanserae
2614:Superorder:
2605:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2498:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2459:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2420:
2401:
2397:
2374:
2357:
2351:
2338:
2313:
2307:
2294:
2285:
2281:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2236:PDF fulltext
2230:
2211:
2205:
2192:
2169:
2160:
2141:
2135:
2122:
2103:
2098:
2083:
2078:
2045:
2041:
2031:
1986:
1982:
1971:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1910:
1900:
1890:
1880:
1860:
1853:
1836:
1827:
1808:
1781:. Retrieved
1776:
1743:. Retrieved
1738:
1729:
1704:paraphyletic
1697:
1692:
1682:
1673:
1637:
1610:
1595:
1577:
1574:
1569:
1566:biogeography
1561:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1531:
1520:
1509:
1498:
1487:
1478:
1466:
1454:
1448:(Short 1970)
1442:
1430:
1418:
1409:
1403:Bickart 1990
1397:
1391:Bickart 1990
1385:
1379:
1375:Anser atavus
1373:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1346:Canada goose
1341:
1331:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1298:Anser rossii
1297:
1294:Ross's goose
1288:
1277:
1273:
1265:
1263:
1248:
1226:
1204:
1182:
1160:
1138:
1116:
1094:
1078:Ross's goose
1073:Anser rossii
1072:
1050:
1028:
1000:
927:
922:
907:
902:
862:
857:
842:
837:
815:
810:
781:
776:
754:
749:
709:
704:
690:Anser rossii
689:
686:Ross's goose
684:
662:
657:
628:
623:
610:
584:
582:
573:type species
560:
548:
540:
535:
523:
519:
515:
493:
489:Ross's geese
466:
458:
414:
410:
398:
397:
396:
385:
378:
368:
358:
348:
338:
337:
323:
316:
311:Anser rossii
309:
302:
295:
288:
281:
276:
269:
262:
255:
248:
241:
236:
231:
224:
217:
191:
185:Type species
169:
168:
151:
132:Anseriformes
67:
35:
29:
4888:Bird genera
4739:iNaturalist
4620:Wikispecies
4366:Tirarinetta
4342:Heteronetta
4315:Salvadorina
4224:Dunstanetta
3997:Brantadorna
3937:Megalodytes
3917:Cygnopterus
3810:Annakacygna
3777:Stictonetta
3750:Manuherikia
3713:Dendrocygna
3693:Saintandrea
3612:Tagayanetta
3590:Sharganetta
3580:Selenonetta
3483:Heteroanser
3461:Garganornis
3429:Cousteauvia
3263:See below ↓
3207:Eoanseranas
3051:Proherodius
3020:Palaeopapia
2989:Headonornis
2935:Danielsavis
2884:Proherodius
2877:Presbyornis
2870:Murgonornis
2862:Headonornis
2701:Maniraptora
2686:Maniraptora
2262:(2): 65–88.
2048:: 303–313.
1886:Mayr, Ernst
1765:Gill, Frank
1600:: European
1558:El Salvador
1352:onwards in
1117:Anser anser
1013:Common name
755:Anser anser
593:Pleistocene
591:during the
463:Description
415:white geese
373:Reichenbach
232:A. a. anser
226:Anser anser
68:Anser anser
4872:Categories
4455:Polysticta
4427:Lophodytes
4322:Speculanas
4308:Rhodonessa
4297:Pteronetta
4290:Pinpanetta
4252:Lophonetta
4214:Chenonetta
4196:Callonetta
4182:Asarcornis
4165:Amazonetta
4072:Nannonetta
4062:Miotadorna
4052:Merganetta
4021:Chloephaga
4014:Centrornis
3968:Tadorninae
3957:Presbychen
3947:Paracygnus
3883:Cnemiornis
3800:Afrocygnus
3743:Dendrochen
3450:Eutelornis
3439:Eonerornis
3344:Aldabranas
3243:Paranyroca
3166:Anatalavis
3119:Chainkanas
3089:Chaunoides
2967:Agnopterus
2891:Telmabates
2855:Bumbalavis
2831:Vegaviidae
2722:see below↓
2610:Neognathae
2568:Genera of
2382:(specimen
2110:, London.
2086:. Oxford.
1745:2023-08-05
1735:"Anatidae"
1722:References
1681:, and the
1625:Vulnerable
1621:swan goose
1606:swan goose
1568:indicates
1358:Heterochen
1318:subspecies
1285:Snow goose
1144:Swan goose
1100:Snow goose
778:Swan goose
706:Snow goose
561:Anas anser
477:swan geese
411:grey geese
386:Heterochen
193:Anas anser
4472:Somateria
4441:Mergellus
4434:Melanitta
4406:Chendytes
4386:Bucephala
4245:Lavadytis
4234:Eoneornis
4206:Chenoanas
4117:Tachyeres
4028:Cyanochen
3977:Alopochen
3927:Eremochen
3890:Coscoroba
3861:Cereopsis
3788:Anserinae
3633:Teleornis
3569:Ptaiochen
3526:Nogusunna
3472:Helonetta
3376:Awengkere
3365:Ankonetta
3222:Anatoidea
3197:Anserpica
3187:Anseranas
3100:Anhimidae
2898:Teviornis
2798:Gastornis
2788:Conflicto
2674:Theropoda
2659:Theropoda
2587:Kingdom:
2570:waterfowl
1937:(1): 20.
1699:Cairinini
1684:Cairinini
1679:shelducks
1332:Numerous
589:radiation
579:Phylogeny
454:isotherms
446:temperate
444:and cool
442:subarctic
438:Holarctic
430:Anserinae
426:subfamily
404:waterfowl
359:Cycnopsis
349:Cygnopsis
98:Kingdom:
92:Eukaryota
4679:45510524
4605:Wikidata
4534:Aythyini
4413:Clangula
4333:Oxyurini
4280:Nettapus
4145:Anatinae
4134:Tamtamia
4045:Kaikenia
3900:Cygnavus
3872:Chenopis
3757:Mionetta
3655:Wasonaka
3622:Talpanas
3547:Proanser
3537:Notochen
3504:Loxornis
3327:Anatidae
3314:Anatidae
3254:Anatidae
3062:Wunketru
2595:Chordata
2593:Phylum:
2589:Animalia
2388:clavicle
2239:Archived
2174:Archived
2167:(1998):
2070:27233434
2023:28830337
1963:27182276
1908:(1758).
1835:(1760).
1643:See also
1627:and the
1586:shelduck
1311:Philacte
569:repeated
565:Linnaeus
555:for the
434:Anatidae
413:and the
379:Philacte
369:Eulabeia
331:Synonyms
210:Species
199:Linnaeus
152:Anserini
142:Anatidae
138:Family:
112:Chordata
108:Phylum:
102:Animalia
88:Domain:
62:Pair of
46:Holocene
4842:6847696
4757:1008151
4731:2498016
4611:Q183361
4523:Spatula
4509:Matanas
4483:Anatini
4377:Mergini
4349:Nomonyx
4189:Biziura
4124:Tadorna
4079:Neochen
4004:Cairina
3837:Asiavis
3601:Sinanas
3141:Anseres
3073:Anhimae
2978:Eonessa
2599:Class:
2380:humerus
2378:A left
2330:4083796
2050:Bibcode
2014:5568201
1991:Bibcode
1954:4866292
1783:2 April
1598:poultry
1534:Maltese
1350:Miocene
1276:within
1268:. Most
997:Species
613:
504:emperor
500:remiges
496:coverts
473:greylag
450:migrate
363:Agassiz
176:Brisson
165:Genus:
148:Tribe:
128:Order:
118:Class:
42:Miocene
4855:159158
4839:uBio:
4819:190884
4803:NZOR:
4770:175019
4692:1ANSEG
4543:Aythya
4499:Mareca
4448:Mergus
4356:Oxyura
4103:Radjah
3907:Cygnus
3854:Branta
3407:Cayaoa
3126:Chauna
3109:Anhima
2905:Wilaru
2384:MUHNES
2328:
2184:
2114:
2090:
2068:
2021:
2011:
1961:
1951:
1868:
1815:
1615:, the
1570:Branta
1546:, and
1380:Cygnus
1334:fossil
601:exonic
525:Branta
512:Ross's
375:, 1852
355:, 1836
353:Brandt
178:, 1760
157:Vigors
4883:Geese
4850:WoRMS
4832:83424
4752:IRMNG
4705:96473
4640:Anser
4626:Anser
4596:Anser
4273:Netta
3817:Anser
3030:Peioa
2606:Clade
2348:(PDF)
2326:JSTOR
2304:(PDF)
2202:(PDF)
2132:(PDF)
1665:Notes
1562:Anser
1544:Anser
1536:swan
1366:Anser
1342:Anser
1278:Anser
1007:Image
611:Anser
585:Anser
549:anser
541:Anser
538:genus
520:Anser
419:goose
407:genus
402:is a
399:Anser
170:Anser
36:Anser
4796:8842
4791:NCBI
4765:ITIS
4744:7006
4726:GBIF
4687:EPPO
4653:3191
4648:BOLD
4492:Anas
2699:see
2672:see
2645:see
2601:Aves
2519:2016
2480:2018
2441:2016
2182:ISBN
2137:Ibis
2112:ISBN
2088:ISBN
2066:PMID
2019:PMID
1959:PMID
1866:ISBN
1813:ISBN
1785:2019
1696:The
1619:and
1613:IUCN
1532:The
1274:Chen
1266:Chen
536:The
516:Chen
510:and
508:snow
487:and
475:and
469:bean
423:swan
421:and
343:Boie
339:Chen
203:1758
159:1825
122:Aves
4778:NBN
4674:EoL
4666:X5D
4661:CoL
4635:ADW
4158:Aix
2523:doi
2484:doi
2445:doi
2406:doi
2362:doi
2358:103
2353:Auk
2318:doi
2309:Auk
2216:doi
2212:124
2207:Auk
2146:doi
2142:148
2058:doi
2046:101
2009:PMC
1999:doi
1949:PMC
1939:doi
1631:is
428:of
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4852::
4829::
4816::
4793::
4780::
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