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appoint
Williams, only the Control Board had the authority to fire him. This gave Williams an unusual level of political strength in dealings with the mayor, with whom he had a number of very public battles; Williams, who had the support of the Control Board as well as Congress, tended to win these battles, even gaining power in 1996 to hire and fire all budget-related city staffers. Given this political clout, Williams began steering D.C.'s finances toward financial recovery, moving from a $ 355 million deficit at the end of 1995 to a $ 185 million surplus in the city's fiscal year 1997.
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declined to seek a fifth term as mayor in the spring of 1998, Williams finally entered the race, resigning as CFO to campaign. Williams instantly assumed frontrunner status in the race, and in
September won the D.C. Democratic primary with 50% of the vote in a six-person race, then won the November 3 general election by a 2–1 margin despite not having held any elected office since 1982. Upon his election, the Control Board announced that it would begin ceding back to Williams much of the executive authority it had stripped of the mayor's office during Barry's tenure.
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269:. There he became active in the anti-Vietnam War movement as well as President of his sophomore class. But his academics suffered and he eventually left school. Shortly thereafter he joined the Air Force. He volunteered for Vietnam, but was kept in the country to work as an aide in the 354th Tactical Fighter Wing command post. He sought an appointment to the
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Williams was not without detractors. His international traveling was criticized, as was his failure to purchase a home in D.C., despite his aggressive publicity campaign to convince residents to buy homes in the city. Some of his constituents and members of the D.C. Council (including his successor,
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for the district, managing to balance the budget and achieve a surplus within two years of appointment. He held a variety of executive posts in cities and states around the country prior to his service in the D.C. government. Since 2012, he has served as chief executive officer/executive director of
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In
January 2007, Williams entered into a partnership with the Washington-area investment bank Friedman Billings Ramsey Group, Inc. to form Primum Public Realty Trust, a real estate investment trust (REIT) focused on buying and leasing back government and not-for-profit real estate. In 2009 Williams
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During his second term, Williams continued his record of stabilizing the finances of the
District. The city was able to balance its budget for ten consecutive years between the 1997 and 2006 fiscal years; the cumulative fund balance swung from a deficit of $ 518 million in the 1996 fiscal year to a
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By 2001, real property values were climbing steadily and
Washington, D.C., was experiencing a real estate investment boom in the residential, commercial and retail markets. Congress dissolved the Financial Control Board in September 2001. In 2002 the Association of Foreign Investors in Real Estate
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Driven by a growth in local revenues, income and sales taxes, Williams managed
District resources to improve services, lower tax rates, improve the performance of city agencies and invest in infrastructure and human services. This dramatic turnaround required transformational improvements in cash
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During his first term he restored the city to the financial black, running budget surpluses every year and allowing the control board to terminate itself two years ahead of schedule. He brought some $ 40 billion of investment to the city. Unprecedented capital investments and service improvements
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charged with oversight and management of the
District's finances. The same legislation had created the position of Chief Financial Officer, which had direct control over day-to-day financial operations of each city agency, and independence from the mayor's office; while Barry had the authority to
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but was instead sent to the academy's preparatory school because of his poor grades at Santa Clara. He excelled and earned an appointment to the academy. Instead
Williams sought to leave the Air Force as a conscientious objector, and was given an honorable discharge in 1974. After that, he worked
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Williams' financial successes in the
District made him a popular figure. In January 1998, local media reported that Williams was considering a run for mayor in that year's election; he quickly dismissed the notion, but a "Draft Anthony Williams" movement began building nonetheless. When Barry
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Williams, born
Anthony Stephen Eggleton on July 28, 1951, was adopted at age three by Virginia and Lewis Williams (a postal worker), and is one of eight children raised in the home: Lewis IV, Virginia II, Carla, Cynthia, Leif Eric I, Kimberly, and Loris. Williams grew up in the
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under construction and a home town that is no longer the laughingstock of the nation ... On his watch, the District underwent its most profound transformation in generations. Williams promoted an investment climate that led to the sprucing up of a city that had gone to
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announced he was stepping down as CEO and that Primum would be dissolved. He joined D.C. law firm Arent Fox on May 14, 2009, as Director of State and Local Practice, assisting governments and municipalities with securing stimulus money and managing their budgets.
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Under Williams' administration, the District's crime rate dropped dramatically. By the end of his tenure, hotels reported 2% vacancy rates. Real estate values in the District remained high despite regional and national trends in the opposite direction.
1017:. The private organization, founded in 1954, is a group of business, civic, educational, and other leaders interested in promoting economic development and livability in Washington, D.C. It is considered one of the most influential groups in the city.
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698:(MLB) team, to Washington, D.C. Although he faced opposition from much of the D.C. Council, Williams eventually prevailed. In late December 2004, the Council approved by one vote a financing plan for a new stadium. The new team, the
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In 2002, Williams ran for re-election and stumbled into a political scandal. The firm which he hired to collect signatures to put his name on the Democratic Primary ballot had irregularities with hundreds of names on the
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Willie Wilson, also ran as a write-in candidate. Despite this handicap, Williams won both the Democratic and Republican primaries as a write-in candidate and went on to be re-elected in the general election.
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755:. An investigation determined that more than half of Allen's signatures were fraudulently collected and her name was not included on the ballot. Williams did not comment publicly about the incident.
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Williams was generally seen as a moderate; he had good relations with Congress and the White House, business and labor, and the community and region. Unlike many Democrats, he said he was "open" to
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surplus of nearly $ 1.6 billion in the 2005 fiscal year. During this same period, the District's bond ratings went from "junk bond" status to "A" category by all three major rating agencies.
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magazine selected Washington, D.C., as the second-best city in the country for African Americans to live and work in because of its housing, jobs, health care and economic development.
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Williams leaves in his wake a city with a good bond rating, sizable cash reserves, a more accessible health-care system for the underserved, several promising neighborhood projects, a
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Williams has also been actively involved in local education initiatives, including serving on the boards of the nonprofit organizations D.C. Children First and the national nonprofit
372:, who nominated Williams to the position in September 1995. By that time, however, Washington was in the midst of a fiscal crisis of such proportion that Congress had established a
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management, budget execution, and revenue collections. After many years of declining population, the District has had a steady growth in population. In its July 2004 issue,
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721:) criticized Williams' deal with Major League Baseball for conceding too much and not providing a spending cap on the public financing of the new baseball park.
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giving piano and clay sculpture and other tactile art lessons to blind children and counseling Vietnam War veterans in Los Angeles. In 1975, he enrolled at
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Williams first rose to prominence in Washington, D.C., as the District of Columbia's Chief Financial Officer (CFO) during the final term of Mayor
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using his veteran's benefits to help pay the bill. He left school to start a map business that failed and returned in 1979. In 1982, he graduated
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Williams is credited with laying the foundations for continued improvement by the city. His final day in office coincided with the Washington
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In 2018, Williams was campaign co-chair for S. Kathryn Allen, a former insurance executive seeking an at-large seat on the Council held by
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throughout the city. Longtime residents complained of being priced out of their homes and neighborhoods and forced to move to neighboring
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514:(AFIRE) named Washington, D.C., the top global and U.S. city for real estate investment. (It made the top slot again in 2003 and 2004.)
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voted down Williams' proposed closure in the spring of 2001, but their decision was overturned by the Control Board soon afterwards.
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In March 2008, Williams made headlines by purchasing a home in D.C., a condominium on the city's revitalizing H Street NE corridor.
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Williams was the first sitting mayor of Washington since 1973 to participate in a Presidential funeral in 2004, when he spoke at
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Williams also alienated some lower-income residents. His first term in office was marked by the beginning of a period of
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interviewed Williams and wrote a feature article titled "A Funny Thing About the Mayor ... He's Funny" published in
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On September 28, 2005, Williams announced he would not seek re-election in 2006. Williams endorsed Council Chair
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1568:"Anthony Williams is credited with helping to revitalize D.C. Now he's working to make sure everyone benefits"
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1703:"Former Mayor's New Title: Homeowner; Williams Buys Loft Condo in Northeast After a Lifetime of Renting"
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Pearlstein, Steven (January 22, 2012). "What Washington Needs Now? An Old-Fashioned Business Cabal".
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244:. His tenure as mayor has been appraised very highly by the policy community and historians, with
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In April 2012, Williams was appointed the chief executive officer/executive director of the
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Style Section. In October 2016, after bumping into Williams when both men were called for
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Williams first ran for office while a student at Yale in 1979 when he was elected to the
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1511:"Board boots business-backed council candidate from D.C. ballot, citing signature fraud"
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and his name was removed from the Democratic Primary ballot. He was forced to run as a
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326:. Williams also served as executive director of the Community Development Agency in
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1327:"Residents Push For Mayoral Bid By Williams; Group Dissatisfied With Candidates"
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also came to some disadvantaged neighborhoods under Williams' administration.
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1286:"Head of Financial Control Board for District of Columbia Resigns Under Fire"
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Williams was instrumental in arranging a deal to move the financially ailing
365:. He served until 1982 and during that time served as President Pro-Tempore.
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525:. In addition, one of Williams' budget-trimming measures was the closure of
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branding him "one of the best and most successful mayors in US history."
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1756:"Former D.C. Mayor Anthony Williams Joins Board at Bank of Georgetown"
1391:"D.C.'s New Mayor Will Take Charge As Financial Authority Cedes Power"
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in the Democratic primary. Fenty went on to win the general election.
732:. His final speech as mayor would also come at the Cathedral in 2006.
235:, for two terms, from 1999 to 2007. Williams had previously served as
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Williams served as a member of the Debt Reduction Task Force at the
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in December 2004. In January 2005, he was elected Vice Chair of the
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349:, as well as a founder and Vice Chairman of the U.S. CFO Council.
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1485:"Why a progressive D.C. lawmaker is suddenly facing opposition"
1373:"District mayoral race set following low turnout in primaries"
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
1651:"Ex-Mayor Williams Takes Law Job Focused on Cities' Finances"
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1414:"H Street gentrification and revitalization is an old story"
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as a successor; however, Cropp lost to Ward 4 Councilmember
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231:(born July 28, 1951) is an American politician who was the
1793:"Former D.C. Mayor Williams to Lead Federal City Council"
1435:
Woodlee, Yolanda; Cauvin, Henri E. (September 15, 2005).
1006:. In 2012, Williams joined the board of directors of the
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While in office, Williams was elected president of the
2309:
African-American people in Washington, D.C., politics
1125:. Council of the District of Columbia. Archived from
1856:
1630:. American City Business Journals. November 23, 2007
1350:"D.C. financial officer leaves job to run for mayor"
929:
On the eve of Williams' last day in office in 2006,
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672:District of Columbia Board of Elections and Ethics
1916:"Mayor seeks reelection, but isn't on the ballot"
1791:Stewart, Nikita; DeBonis, Mike (April 19, 2012).
2290:
1775:"John Hill to step down at Federal City Council"
1565:
1265:"Financial officer gets power over budget staff"
895:. His public persona is that of an intellectual
533:, the only public hospital in the District. The
290:, where he was a member of the literary society
16:Mayor of the District Columbia from 1999 to 2007
1412:Kearny, Ryan; Binckes, Jeremy (July 25, 2011).
1790:
711:Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments
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1678:. Alliance for School Choice. Archived from
1464:. NBC 4, Washington, D.C. September 28, 2005
2304:African-American mayors of Washington, D.C.
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968:In 1999, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist
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1833:"| Explorations in Black Leadership, U.Va"
1816:
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1731:. Bipartisan Policy Center. Archived from
1624:"What's former Mayor Williams been up to?"
1593:
1462:"Mayor Williams Will Not Seek Re-Election"
1113:
1111:
800:about living persons that is unsourced or
582:about living persons that is unsourced or
426:about living persons that is unsourced or
252:Early life, education and military service
55:January 2, 1999 – January 2, 2007
29:
2374:20th-century African-American politicians
2369:21st-century African-American politicians
1087:Michael A. Fletcher (September 3, 1998).
1082:
1080:
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912:named him "Public Official of the Year".
871:Learn how and when to remove this message
653:Learn how and when to remove this message
497:Learn how and when to remove this message
163:U.S. Air Force Academy Preparatory School
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261:area of Los Angeles. He later attended
2314:Washington, D.C., government officials
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1754:Ruiz Switzky, Bryant (June 21, 2012).
1566:Courtland Milloy (December 17, 2017).
1509:Nirappil, Fenit (September 11, 2018).
1262:
1244:"Fiscal Watchdog Bites Capital Master"
1147:
1075:
2021:
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1540:"A Success Story in His Comfort Zone"
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1371:Holly, Derrill (September 16, 1998).
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1150:"D.C. Mayor's Race had an L.A. Start"
1534:
1284:Janofsky, Michael (March 21, 1998).
1242:Janofsky, Michael (March 27, 1996).
1183:. September 13, 1995. Archived from
1148:Hughes, Zerline (November 3, 1998).
762:
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337:Williams was appointed by President
304:John F. Kennedy School of Government
2049:Leaders of the District of Columbia
1729:"Debt Reduction Task Force Members"
1483:Schwartzman, Paul (June 29, 2018).
1437:"D.C. Election Fraud Case Advances"
1227:. November 15, 1995. Archived from
1089:"Anthony Williams' Winding Journey"
384:
13:
1773:DeBonis, Mike (October 19, 2011).
1397:. November 5, 1998. Archived from
1375:. Associated Press. Archived from
1310:. January 29, 1998. Archived from
1205:. November 9, 1995. Archived from
1123:Mayors of the District of Columbia
345:to serve as the first CFO for the
14:
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2324:American chief financial officers
2000:Mayor of the District of Columbia
1962:Mayor of the District of Columbia
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1701:Deane, Daniela (March 13, 2008).
1325:Woodlee, Yolanda (May 15, 1998).
1304:"Mr. Williams Must Decide -- Now"
294:. In 1987, he earned a J.D. from
233:mayor of the District of Columbia
43:Mayor of the District of Columbia
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1649:Stewart, Nikita (May 14, 2009).
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1348:Holly, Derrill (June 7, 1998).
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1263:Nevans, Lisa (April 26, 1996).
1256:
271:United States Air Force Academy
2354:United States Air Force airmen
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1063:"Transcript: Anthony Williams"
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318:Williams served as the Deputy
113:Los Angeles County, California
1:
2344:Santa Clara University alumni
2334:Harvard Kennedy School alumni
1920:The Christian Science Monitor
1027:
730:Washington National Cathedral
2339:Politicians from Los Angeles
1895:"Anthony A. Williams, Mayor"
1837:blackleadership.virginia.edu
778:biography of a living person
560:biography of a living person
404:biography of a living person
347:US Department of Agriculture
7:
2359:Washington, D.C., Democrats
1760:Washington Business Journal
1628:Washington Business Journal
1599:"Chatalogical Humor update"
1119:"Mayor Anthony A. Williams"
887:'s proposal to implement a
805:must be removed immediately
587:must be removed immediately
431:must be removed immediately
352:
10:
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2389:African-American Catholics
2299:Mayors of Washington, D.C.
1926:Alliance for School Choice
1199:"Gaming the Control Board"
994:Alliance for School Choice
945:major league baseball team
891:in D.C., and he supported
286:in Political Science from
2329:Harvard Law School alumni
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1943:Party political offices
1004:Bipartisan Policy Center
1177:"Mayor Barry's Choices"
726:Ronald Reagan's funeral
374:financial control board
300:Master of Public Policy
237:chief financial officer
199:United States Air Force
2349:Urban Institute people
1911:– District of Columbia
958:funeral of Gerald Ford
954:
792:Please help by adding
678:. His chief opponent,
574:Please help by adding
418:Please help by adding
359:New Haven, Connecticut
267:Santa Clara University
229:Anthony Allen Williams
217:93rd Bombardment Group
150:Santa Clara University
97:Anthony Allen Williams
2080:Commission President
1538:(December 30, 2006).
1129:on September 21, 2011
1041:"Anthony A. Williams"
941:
820:"Anthony A. Williams"
747:Career after politics
696:Major League Baseball
602:"Anthony A. Williams"
531:D.C. General Hospital
446:"Anthony A. Williams"
341:and confirmed by the
205:Years of service
1881:United States portal
1735:on December 13, 2010
1401:on November 5, 2012.
1379:on November 5, 2012.
1337:on November 5, 2012.
1314:on November 5, 2012.
1270:The Washington Times
1231:on November 5, 2012.
1209:on November 5, 2012.
1187:on November 5, 2012.
1015:Federal City Council
798:Contentious material
700:Washington Nationals
580:Contentious material
424:Contentious material
343:United States Senate
242:Federal City Council
2364:Yale College alumni
2214:Mayor-Commissioner
1914:Christina Ianzito,
1819:The Washington Post
1797:The Washington Post
1779:The Washington Post
1707:The Washington Post
1655:The Washington Post
1603:The Washington Post
1597:(October 4, 2016).
1573:The Washington Post
1545:The Washington Post
1515:The Washington Post
1489:The Washington Post
1441:The Washington Post
1331:The Washington Post
1308:The Washington Post
1225:The Washington Post
1203:The Washington Post
1181:The Washington Post
1094:The Washington Post
975:The Washington Post
932:The Washington Post
332:Columbia University
328:St. Louis, Missouri
1985:Political offices
1922:, August 29, 2002.
1889:Williams biography
1360:on March 28, 2015.
1290:The New York Times
1249:The New York Times
1221:"The Mayor Blinks"
1043:. 24 February 2017
1008:Bank of Georgetown
909:Governing Magazine
776:This section of a
676:write-in candidate
558:This section of a
402:This section of a
308:Harvard University
296:Harvard Law School
263:Loyola High School
167:Harvard University
2319:American adoptees
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2007:Succeeded by
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1155:Los Angeles Times
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1050:
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1037:
980:
919:Black Enterprise
876:
869:
865:
862:
856:
854:
813:
794:reliable sources
771:
770:
763:
753:Elissa Silverman
658:
651:
647:
644:
638:
636:
595:
576:reliable sources
553:
552:
545:
502:
495:
491:
488:
482:
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439:
420:reliable sources
397:
396:
389:
385:Mayor first term
292:St. Anthony Hall
284:Bachelor of Arts
182:Military service
110:
106:
104:
88:Personal details
74:
62:
53:
33:
19:
18:
2404:
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2012:
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1995:
1980:
1965:
1953:
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1683:
1682:on June 4, 2008
1676:"School Choice"
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1536:King, Colbert I
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1030:
978:
970:Gene Weingarten
966:
937:Colbert I. King
893:school vouchers
877:
866:
860:
857:
814:
812:
791:
772:
768:
761:
749:
719:Adrian M. Fenty
659:
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280:magna cum laude
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154:Yale University
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120:Political party
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2008:
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1938:
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1853:External links
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1395:The Bond Buyer
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879:
878:
861:September 2018
802:poorly sourced
775:
773:
766:
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757:
748:
745:
737:Linda W. Cropp
692:Montréal Expos
661:
660:
643:September 2018
584:poorly sourced
557:
555:
548:
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539:
519:gentrification
505:
504:
487:September 2018
428:poorly sourced
401:
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2175:Reichelderfer
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2054:
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2043:
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2031:
2029:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1994:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1927:
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1917:
1913:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1871:
1868:
1857:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1821:. p. G2.
1820:
1813:
1798:
1794:
1780:
1776:
1769:
1761:
1757:
1750:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1709:. p. B06
1708:
1704:
1697:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1656:
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1645:
1629:
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1619:
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1596:
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1537:
1531:
1520:September 17,
1516:
1512:
1505:
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1016:
1011:
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1005:
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986:
984:
977:
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971:
964:Personal life
961:
959:
953:
950:
946:
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938:
934:
933:
927:
923:
921:
920:
913:
911:
910:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
885:Sam Brownback
875:
872:
864:
853:
850:
846:
843:
839:
836:
832:
829:
825:
822: –
821:
817:
816:Find sources:
810:
806:
803:
799:
795:
789:
788:
784:
779:
774:
765:
764:
756:
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693:
688:
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673:
669:
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654:
646:
635:
632:
628:
625:
621:
618:
614:
611:
607:
604: –
603:
599:
598:Find sources:
592:
588:
585:
581:
577:
571:
570:
566:
561:
556:
547:
546:
538:
536:
532:
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501:
498:
490:
479:
476:
472:
469:
465:
462:
458:
455:
451:
448: –
447:
443:
442:Find sources:
436:
432:
429:
425:
421:
415:
414:
410:
405:
400:
391:
390:
382:
378:
375:
371:
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190:United States
189:
185:
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172:
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164:
159:
155:
151:
148:
144:
140:
136:
133:Diane Simmons
132:
128:
125:
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118:
114:
109:(age 73)
107:July 28, 1951
95:
91:
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70:
67:
64:
58:
52:
47:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
23:Tony Williams
20:
2262:
2235:(since 1975)
2010:Adrian Fenty
1998:
1993:Marion Barry
1978:Adrian Fenty
1960:nominee for
1956:
1951:Marion Barry
1919:
1903:. Retrieved
1899:the original
1840:. Retrieved
1836:
1827:
1818:
1812:
1802:November 27,
1800:. Retrieved
1796:
1784:November 27,
1782:. Retrieved
1778:
1768:
1759:
1749:
1737:. Retrieved
1733:the original
1723:
1711:. Retrieved
1706:
1696:
1684:. Retrieved
1680:the original
1670:
1658:. Retrieved
1654:
1644:
1632:. Retrieved
1627:
1618:
1606:. Retrieved
1602:
1589:
1577:. Retrieved
1571:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1543:
1530:
1518:. Retrieved
1514:
1504:
1492:. Retrieved
1488:
1478:
1466:. Retrieved
1456:
1444:. Retrieved
1440:
1430:
1418:. Retrieved
1407:
1399:the original
1394:
1385:
1377:the original
1366:
1358:the original
1343:
1335:the original
1330:
1320:
1312:the original
1307:
1298:
1289:
1279:
1268:
1258:
1247:
1237:
1229:the original
1224:
1215:
1207:the original
1202:
1193:
1185:the original
1180:
1171:
1159:. Retrieved
1153:
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1127:the original
1122:
1098:. Retrieved
1092:
1066:
1057:
1045:. Retrieved
1035:
1020:Williams is
1019:
1012:
1001:
998:
991:
987:
973:
967:
955:
942:
930:
928:
924:
917:
914:
907:
905:
882:
867:
858:
848:
841:
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827:
815:
804:
787:verification
780:
750:
741:Adrian Fenty
734:
723:
715:
704:
689:
685:
664:
649:
640:
630:
623:
616:
609:
597:
586:
569:verification
562:
535:D.C. Council
529:services at
516:
512:
508:
493:
484:
474:
467:
460:
453:
441:
430:
413:verification
406:
379:
370:Marion Barry
367:
356:
339:Bill Clinton
336:
317:
288:Yale College
279:
255:
228:
227:
78:Adrian Fenty
73:Succeeded by
66:Marion Barry
50:
2379:1951 births
2216:(1967–1975)
2082:(1874–1967)
2058:(1871–1874)
1931:Appearances
949:new stadium
361:, Board of
324:Connecticut
61:Preceded by
2293:Categories
2243:Washington
2224:Washington
2200:McLaughlin
2135:MacFarland
2004:1999–2007
1958:Democratic
1905:August 29,
1842:2022-10-27
1608:October 6,
1420:August 15,
1133:August 30,
1100:August 30,
1028:References
935:columnist
897:bureaucrat
831:newspapers
728:, held at
613:newspapers
457:newspapers
259:West Adams
187:Allegiance
124:Democratic
103:1951-07-28
2170:Dougherty
2056:Governor
1713:April 15,
1660:April 25,
1634:April 15,
1551:April 15,
1416:. TBD.com
1161:11 August
983:jury duty
906:In 1997,
783:citations
668:petitions
565:citations
527:inpatient
409:citations
302:from the
208:1971–1974
146:Education
51:In office
2263:Williams
2205:Tobriner
2160:Hendrick
2150:Brownlow
2120:Douglass
2090:Dennison
2071:Shepherd
1579:June 19,
1494:June 29,
1022:Catholic
889:flat tax
809:libelous
680:minister
591:libelous
435:libelous
363:Aldermen
353:Politics
138:Children
2195:Spencer
2190:Donohue
2165:Rudolph
2140:Rudolph
2110:Edmonds
1739:July 9,
1468:May 19,
1446:May 19,
939:wrote,
901:bow tie
845:scholar
713:(COG).
627:scholar
471:scholar
282:with a
2278:Bowser
2233:Mayor
2145:Newman
2095:Phelps
1935:C-SPAN
1686:May 2,
1047:6 June
979:'s
847:
840:
833:
826:
818:
629:
622:
615:
608:
600:
473:
466:
459:
452:
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314:Career
298:and a
130:Spouse
115:, U.S.
2268:Fenty
2258:Barry
2253:Kelly
2248:Barry
2185:Young
2180:Hazen
2130:Wight
2066:Cooke
1068:MSNBC
952:seed.
852:JSTOR
838:books
634:JSTOR
620:books
478:JSTOR
464:books
246:MSNBC
2273:Gray
2155:Kutz
2125:Ross
2115:Webb
2105:West
2100:Dent
1971:2002
1967:1998
1907:2017
1804:2013
1786:2013
1741:2011
1715:2008
1688:2008
1662:2010
1636:2008
1610:2016
1581:2018
1553:2008
1522:2018
1496:2018
1470:2007
1448:2007
1422:2011
1163:2023
1135:2011
1102:2011
1049:2022
947:, a
824:news
785:for
694:, a
606:news
567:for
450:news
411:for
276:Yale
240:the
213:Unit
93:Born
1933:on
322:of
306:at
171:MPP
2295::
1969:,
1918:,
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1795:.
1789:;
1777:.
1758:.
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1626:.
1601:.
1570:.
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1487:.
1439:.
1393:.
1352:.
1329:.
1306:.
1288:.
1267:.
1246:.
1223:.
1201:.
1179:.
1152:.
1121:.
1110:^
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1077:^
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1024:.
1010:.
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578:.
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310:.
175:JD
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1690:.
1664:.
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177:)
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101:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
