382:("The Thirty Glorious"), national raw steel production rose from 2.45 million tonnes in 1950 to 6.45 million tonnes in 1974, and Luxembourg reached an exceptional annual growth rate of 6.7% between 1946 and 1951, then a good average of 3.9% until 1975. During the first half of the 1970s, the steel industry represented close to 30% of the total sum of added value in the national Luxembourg economy, and more than half the total added value of industry. By 1974, Luxembourg steelworks and iron mines provided work for around 25,000 employees in 1974 (16% of the total national).
123:
550:
564:
296:, 3 electric furnaces, 2 steelmaking plants and several rolling mills. In 1912, raw steel production from the ARBED works reached 824 500 tonnes. Although steel production almost halted during World War I, the following decades prove to be very successful. In order to further develop, ARBED took an international dimension and acquired and absorbed several companies in Belgium and Germany in the 1920s.
281:
506:
Despite the end of its
Luxembourg steel production, ARBED remained a global economic actor. Its diversification and development of its international scope enabled ARBED to remain competitive. In 2002, ARBED and two other European steel-producing and manufacturing companies, Spanish strategic partner
389:
complex in
Belgium, and later obtained a majority stake in the new company. In 1974, ARBED created TrefilARBED, as part of the extension of wire drawing activities, and Samarco, created through the mining company Samitri to develop iron ore resources in Brazil. A powerful regional European economic
206:
was greatly boosted during the two decades preceding World War I when large integrated steelworks, able to convert cast iron into steel and rolled steel, were constructed. Steel production surged from 145 313 tonnes in 1900 to 1,115,004 tonnes in 1913, and steel-making accounted for around 60% of
467:
in
Germany. In 1993, ARBED founded ProfilARBED, a subsidiary company specialized in the production of long steel products and ARBED Americas, a subsidiary of TradeARBED, in 1994, to manage all United States commercial activities. ARBED also expanded by taking over other companies; in 1995, it
436:
From 1982 to 1983, the
Luxembourg steel industry was restructured and the Luxembourg government invested heavily in ARBED, finally owning 42.9% of the company's shares. Furthermore, during the following two decades, ARBED developed its international activities as well as its production of
176:-producing company. Created in 1911 after the merger of three steel-producing companies, ARBED had a significant role in the economy of the Grand Duchy until it merged in 2002 with two other European steel companies to create
402:
and its global repercussions had a dramatic impact on
Luxembourg and on ARBED in particular, as it coincided with worldwide global steel overproduction. Despite ARBED's international sales network's restructuring in 1976
201:
in 1876 led to the development of an important national steel industry, especially in the south of the country, and provided
Luxembourg with sustained economic growth during the second half of the 19th century. This
415:
in 1978, by 1983, steel production had slumped back to 1955 levels (3.2 million tonnes, compared with 6.45 million tonnes in 1974). By 1985, the steel industry employed only half of its 1974-level work force.
357:
World War II severely affected steel production, and many steel mills were either destroyed or heavily damaged. Luxembourg had been officially absorbed into
Germany, and ARBED was temporarily renamed
385:
During these three decades, ARBED not only developed its local plants but also increased the diversification of its activities. In 1962, ARBED became a partner in the creation of the maritime
857:
38:
488:). However, during this period of geographic expansion and division of sectors, the remaining Luxembourg blast furnaces gradually stopped operating, the last one, in
448:
Certain key events in the economic expansion of ARBED occurred in the 1990s. In 1990, ARBED jointly acquired Yates, a U.S. company specialising in the production of
970:
821:
376:
During the three decades following the end of World War II, ARBED played a key role in the development of the
Luxembourg economy. During this period, called
955:
244:
As steel production increased exponentially, it soon became necessary to merge companies. In 1911, at an extraordinary general corporate meeting of the
365:
and prisoners of war from the Soviet Union, France, Belgium, Poland, and Italy with the forced labor camp at the sheet metal rolling mill in
Burbach.
691:"Stages in the development of the Burbach Iron and Steelworks from its beginnings up to the merger with Röchling Eisen- und Stahlwerke GmbH in 1971"
690:
230:
South
Luxembourg's important economic development due to steel production led to the creation of several steel-producing companies. In 1882, the
207:
total industrial employment in Luxembourg before World War I. The close economic relationship between Luxembourg and its neighbours, especially
421:
980:
960:
760:
975:
654:
315:, were specifically created by ARBED and other French and Belgian companies for the purpose of acquiring plants and mines west of the
227:
Ironworks shareholding company"). Similarly, German industrialists invested funds in the development of Luxembourg steel companies.
865:
950:
906:""Heim ins Reich"? Die ARBED-Konzernleitung während der deutschen Besatzung 1940-1944: zwischen Kollaboration und Widerstand"
459:
group Furukawa Electric. The following year, the Luxembourg company founded TrefilARBED Arkansas (USA), a steelcord plant in
935:
608:
256:
into the Dudelange company. The new shareholding company, merging the three largest local steel companies, was named
326:
ARBED, already a major regional steel producer, further developed its international reach by establishing with the
582:
931:
905:
881:
694:
299:
At the end of World War I, German capital was withdrawn, and steelworks were taken over by groups with
334:
company called TRANSAF in 1922. In order to develop its international reach, an ARBED offshoot called
587:
216:
441:(steel bars and rods produced for a variety of uses such as building and bridge construction) and
134:
122:
577:
965:
764:
17:
658:
460:
442:
320:
8:
438:
237:("High Furnace and Forging Mills of Dudelange Shareholding Company") was founded by the
489:
221:
Saarbrücker Eisenhüttengesellschaft - Société en participation des Forges de Sarrebruck
390:
actor, ARBED gradually became a global actor through the magnitude of its operations.
361:(Burbach-Eich-Dudelange Metallurgical Plants). The company group used several hundred
241:, founded in 1838, and the main shareholders of the Saarbrücken shareholding company.
555:
378:
470:
425:(MMRA), mining and hot steel production were shut down and in 1994 MMRA merged with
569:
452:
263:
211:, enabled investors to develop cross-border projects. As early as 1856, Luxembourg
927:
478:, and, in 1997, it developed a strategic partnership with Spanish steel company
399:
285:
203:
154:
89:
849:
157:; literally "United Steelworks of Burbach-Eich-Dudelange"), better known by its
612:
111:
48:
224:
944:
535:
501:
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212:
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527:
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803:
785:
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95:
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732:
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339:
531:
509:
480:
331:
330:
company a joint sales company called COLUMETA in 1920, and a joint
194:
520:
304:
254:
Société en commandite des Forges d'Eich, Le Gallais, Metz et Cie.
208:
177:
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77:
368:
239:
Société en commandite des Forges d'Eich, Le Gallais, Metz et Cie
515:
449:
386:
347:
300:
250:
Société anonyme des Mines du Luxembourg et Forges de Sarrebruck
445:
steel while reducing its domestic steel-producing operations.
275:
882:"Wichtige technische Beiträge der ARBED zur Stahlherstellung"
456:
316:
169:
58:
37:
804:"Presentation ArcelorMittal Rodange & Schifflange S.A."
495:
173:
280:
246:
Société anonyme des Hauts Fourneaux et Forges de Dudelange
394:
World economic crisis and restructuring (1975–2002)
319:
which had to be sold by Germany as a consequence of the
843:
545:
197:in Luxembourg in the 1850s and the introduction of
855:
463:. In 1992, it founded long steel products company
350:, in 1921. As ARBED's growth continued, ARBED and
858:"Eisen- und Stahlerzeugung im Luxemburger Minett"
276:Growth and Development of ARBED (1911–1945)
232:Société Anonyme des Hauts Fourneaux et Forges de
942:
786:"S.A. Minière et Métallurgique de Rodange (MMR)"
971:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 2002
492:, definitely halting its operations in 1997.
655:"Economic and Social Portrait of Luxembourg"
956:Manufacturing companies established in 1911
903:
468:obtained the majority of shares of German
419:In 1978 ARBED became a 25% shareholder in
151:Aciéries Réunies de Burbach-Eich-Dudelange
121:
755:
753:
751:
749:
422:Métallurgique et Minière de Rodange-Athus
879:
534:for Arcelor that led to the creation of
496:Arcelor and ArcelorMittal (2002 onwards)
279:
248:, decision was taken to incorporate the
822:"Monique Scheier au panthéon du hockey"
352:Société Metallurgique des Terres Rouges
328:Société Metallurgique des Terres Rouges
309:Société Metallurgique des Terres Rouges
14:
943:
880:Knebeler, Christophe (February 2011).
819:
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685:
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864:(in German). GR-Atlas. Archived from
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641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
981:2002 disestablishments in Luxembourg
590:, former company executive secretary
307:-Luxembourg capital. Two companies,
928:Documents and clippings about ARBED
708:
672:
433:(ARES) a subsidiary of ProfilARBED
359:Hüttenwerke Burbach-Eich-Dudelingen
336:Companhia Siderúrgica Belgo-Mineira
292:At its founding, ARBED operated 21
24:
961:Companies based in Luxembourg City
904:Schoentgen, Marc (February 2011).
844:External links and further reading
796:
626:
25:
992:
976:1911 establishments in Luxembourg
778:
431:Aciéries Rodange Esch-Schifflange
313:Société Minière des Terres Rouges
27:Luxembourg steel and iron company
562:
548:
36:
820:Martin, Nicolas (2014-12-23).
813:
13:
1:
951:Steel companies of Luxembourg
594:
583:Steel industry in Luxembourg
7:
932:20th Century Press Archives
541:
411:) and the establishment of
10:
997:
856:Paul Thomes; Marc Engels.
609:"Luxembourg in a Nutshell"
499:
183:
588:Monique Scheier-Schneider
189:Origins (1882–1911)
130:
110:
102:
84:
72:
64:
54:
44:
35:
354:finally merged in 1937.
733:"Historique de l'ARBED"
578:List of steel producers
370:"Les Trente Glorieuses"
427:ARBED-Esch Schifflange
289:
284:ARBED headquarters in
379:Les Trente Glorieuses
283:
461:Pine Bluff, Arkansas
443:electric arc furnace
321:Treaty of Versailles
262:Aciéries Réunies de
661:on 14 November 2007
465:Stahlwerk Thüringen
439:long steel products
338:was established in
32:
761:"History of Arbed"
290:
260:, the acronym for
30:
915:(in German) (304)
891:(in German) (304)
556:Luxembourg portal
476:Stahlwerke Bremen
413:TrefilARBED Korea
372:(1946–1974)
270:, Société Anonyme
193:The discovery of
147:
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16:(Redirected from
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837:
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790:www.industrie.lu
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763:. Archived from
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693:. Archived from
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657:. Archived from
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611:. Archived from
605:
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570:Companies portal
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288:, built in 1922.
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400:1973 oil crisis
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363:forced laborers
286:Luxembourg City
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215:and members of
204:economic growth
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120:
98:
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90:Luxembourg City
28:
23:
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5:
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519:, merged into
500:Main article:
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471:Klöckner Stahl
429:(AES) to form
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294:blast furnaces
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213:industrialists
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164:, was a major
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966:ArcelorMittal
964:
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949:
948:
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868:on 2011-07-22
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863:
859:
854:
851:
848:
847:
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808:
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791:
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767:on 2007-10-14
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734:
728:
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697:on 2007-10-16
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615:on 2006-12-30
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536:ArcelorMittal
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502:ArcelorMittal
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917:. Retrieved
912:
893:. Retrieved
888:
870:. Retrieved
866:the original
861:
830:. Retrieved
825:
815:
806:
798:
792:(in French).
789:
780:
769:. Retrieved
765:the original
737:. Retrieved
699:. Retrieved
695:the original
663:. Retrieved
659:the original
617:. Retrieved
613:the original
603:
528:Mittal Steel
525:
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508:
505:
485:
479:
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435:
430:
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420:
418:
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408:
407:was renamed
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397:
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344:Minas Gerais
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325:
312:
308:
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249:
245:
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238:
231:
229:
220:
219:founded the
192:
161:
150:
148:
85:Headquarters
76:Merged into
45:Company type
828:(in French)
826:L'essentiel
807:www.ares.lu
735:(in French)
530:launched a
513:and French
225:Saarbrücken
140:web archive
945:Categories
919:19 January
895:19 January
872:2010-09-05
862:geo.uni.lu
832:2019-05-18
771:2007-11-14
739:2007-11-14
701:2007-11-14
665:2007-11-14
619:2007-11-14
595:References
484:(formerly
409:TradeARBED
258:ARBED S.A.
217:parliament
199:metallurgy
166:Luxembourg
96:Luxembourg
31:Arbed S.A.
852:(Archive)
268:Dudelange
234:Dudelange
542:See also
532:takeover
526:In 2006
510:Aceralia
481:Aceralia
457:Japanese
405:Columeta
332:shipping
252:and the
195:iron ore
135:Arbed.lu
103:Products
55:Industry
934:of the
930:in the
521:Arcelor
455:, with
305:Belgian
264:Burbach
209:Germany
184:History
178:Arcelor
168:-based
159:acronym
131:Website
80:in 2002
78:Arcelor
73:Defunct
65:Founded
516:Usinor
490:Belval
474:, now
450:copper
387:SIDMAR
348:Brazil
340:Sabará
301:Franco
266:-Eich-
172:- and
155:French
138:(2002
119:
112:Parent
49:Public
913:Forum
909:(PDF)
889:Forum
885:(PDF)
850:ARBED
317:Rhine
170:steel
162:ARBED
106:Steel
59:Steel
18:Arbed
921:2016
897:2016
453:foil
398:The
311:and
174:iron
149:The
68:1911
936:ZBW
486:CSI
947::
911:.
887:.
860:.
824:.
788:.
748:^
710:^
674:^
628:^
538:.
523:.
346:,
342:,
323:.
272:.
223:("
180:.
93:,
923:.
899:.
875:.
835:.
809:.
774:.
742:.
704:.
668:.
622:.
403:(
303:-
153:(
142:)
20:)
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