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Segouin (21 March 1767 – 24 January 1835) was a French chemist and physiologist who discovered a faster and cheaper process for tanning leather. As a result, he became immensely rich through the supply of leather to Napoleon's armies. He was born on March 21, 1767, in Paris and died on January 23,
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He married a “noble, but poor girl”, Marie Emilie Félicité Raffard de
Marcilly (1773-1862) the daughter of Hyppolite Félicité Raffard de Marcilly a Notary in Alençon and Gabrielle Russon. They had two children: Abel - Armand Félix Abel Séguin (1799-1873) and Zoé - Félicité Marie Zoé Séguin. Madame
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Went with M. Seguin to
Jannetti rue de l’arbre sec. He works in Platina. I bespoke a little spoon for the blow pipe and & cup with some wire of that metal. M. S told me that as prepared the metal does not stand the action of pure caustic alkali when urged by a great heat, for by this means it
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Previous to the experiments of Seguin, the process of tanning was an operation of much time and trouble, even years were necessary to bring the hide to a state of leather. The revolution this chemist has brought about in this art enables the tanner to complete his formerly arduous process in the
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in the Seine at
Boulogne-Billancourt, near Paris. He became extremely rich by becoming the supplier of Bonaparte's army and joined the merchants responsible for raising funds for the French Treasury. His daughter Zoe later sold the Île Seguin and his family lived for several generations off his
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M. Elmore had no station in society, and little fortune; but the acutest horse-jockey could not deceive him in the age or qualities of a horse. He was an inestimable guide in procuring a stud, a redoubtable enemy against roguish dealers, and M. Séguin made him his son-in-law – from economy.
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to the Académie des
Sciences with which he showed some examples of the work of Marc Etienne Janety, the Royal Goldsmith to Louis XVI who had found himself left with a large stock of platinum when the French Revolution reduced the demand.
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Personally M. Elmore was not handsome; he had carroty locks, and did not understand two words of French; but he was a heretic, and promised to be converted. – Mlle. Zoe accepted him to secure Heaven and a husband.
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From 1789 he was involved in several important areas of scientific research: the composition of water, the physiology of respiration and perspiration, and in determining techniques for the fusion and analysis of
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who said he considered magnesia to be the most likely substance to withstand such intense heats. In the end their attempt failed and it was left to
Jannetty to solve and to sell his stock of platinum.
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In later life Séguin became increasingly eccentric. Among others, he developed a passion for horses and made the acquaintance of Adam Elmore, an
English horse-breeder who kept stables near Hyde Park.
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becomes porous and lets the alkali through by acting as it is supposed upon the arsenic which has not been thoroughly driven off. Yet in this state it will answer many purposes.
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at the École
Polytechnique on the study of opium. Together they isolated morphine, the first known alkaloid, from opium. Séguin presented his first memoir on opium to the
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M. Séguin was a very obscure, and very poor chemist, when he discovered, at the moment when the
Republic needed equipments for its army, the method of tanning leather
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The links with the Elmore family continued, Abel married Louisa Elmore (a cousin of Adam?), and their son George Able Séguin married Adam's great-niece Lydia Elmore.
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They held out the prospect of a fortune if successful and of the guillotine in case of failure. M. Séguin trusted to his star, and fortune became his slave.
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Lafarge says the children of the two families “formed one of those close relationships which endure through life with all their radiant reminiscences”.
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Lavoisier had an interest in the purification of platinum and its use in making vessels for use in chemical research. In 1790 presented a paper
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Rapport au Comité de Salut Public, sur les nouveaux Moyens de tanner les Cuirs, proposés par le cit. Armand Seguin,
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Séguin was the son of Hector
Hyacinte Ségouin (1731 - ) a Notary at Chartres and Marie Anne Madeleine Chancerel.
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Seguin built a tanning factory on the Île de Sèvres, granted to him by the Republic, and later known as the
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In Paris Séguin's house in the rue d’Anjou adjoined that of Jacques Collard (1758-1838) the grandfather of
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short space of a few days, whilst the leather is superior in quality to that made after the old method.
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From 1790 until his death Seguin was associated with the editorial board of the scientific journal
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It was his meticulous chemical research into the process of tanning that shaped his later life.
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110:. After Lavoisier's execution in 1794 Seguin started a collaboration with Lavoisier's widow,
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J A Chaldecott, Ann. Sci. 1968, 24, 21-52, National Library of Scotland MS 6332, ff 49-50.
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William B. Johnson, History of the Progress and Present State of Animal Chemistry, Vol 1.
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for an advice on suitable refractory, he was unable to help and passed on the request to
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Seguin and Lavoisier attempted to solve the problem of purification and approached
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Crosland, M. (2003), Research schools of chemistry from Lavoisier to Wurtz,
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Lavoisier was otherwise occupied and passed the research project to Seguin.
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the Scottish geologist records visiting Lavoisier in Paris in 1791:
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327:. Charles Scribner's sons, New York. Vol 12, pp. 286–287
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History of the Progress and Present State of Animal Chemistry
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Armand Seguin was a collaborator and human guinea pig with
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Memoirs of Madame Lafarge, translated by Marie Chappell
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and she recounts her memories of him and his children.
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in 1804 but failed to mention Coutois' contribution.
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318:The British Journal for the History of Science
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223:A History of Platinum and its Allied Metals
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27:French chemist and physiologist (1767–1835)
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61:in his experiments on animal respiration.
220:McDonald, Donald; Hunt, Leslie B (1982).
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117:In 1802, Armand Séguin worked with
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325:Dictionary of Scientific Biography
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108:Annales de chimie et de physique
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199:(1869-1903), a painter of the
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341:19th-century French chemists
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247:Johnson, William B (1803).
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310:, tome 19, p. 15—77 (
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66:Observations on Platinum
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323:Gillispie, C. (1970).
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59:Antoine Lavoisier
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