1644:
426:. The central zone of the monastery is in an area of 72.06 hectares (178.1 acres). The main chapel is located on a steep slope within an enclosed wall in an area of 48 by 72 metres (157 ft × 236 ft). There are also residences built for the monks next to the monastery. The length of the church, built in a Greek cross form, is 27 metres (89 ft) and its height is 25 metres (82 ft). A four-pillared entrance is topped by a bell tower built in two levels; the first level is rectangular in shape, and at the second level there are pillars supporting an umbrella-shaped dome. Built in the style of Armenian religious architecture, it has cut-stone fascia. Within the church there are paintings that are based on similar ones at the
146:
1635:
3194:
1627:
476:
resulting from a dam that was built on the river. Before the building was dismantled, detailed plans were made and the dismantled elements numbered so that they could be reassembled to the same design at the new site. Of 1500 stones used at the new site to rebuild the chapel with the dome, only 250 were new stones as all the numbered stones from the old site were able to be reassembled according plan. This reconstruction was carried out during the period 1987–88.
339:
it was rebuilt by Bishop
Zachariah in the 1320s. During the entire 14th century, it was the centre of influence in the region for Christian missionary work. This period marked the creation of literary manuscripts and paintings on religious themes. The monastery was rebuilt during the period from 1819 to 1825 and again became a center of religious activity. It was refurbished in the 1970s, and again during the period from 1983 to 2001.
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35:
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complex. Adjoining this wall, residential quarters have been built for the monks. In the interior courtyard, the main religious structures are located in a space of 41.7 by 23.6 metres (137 ft × 77 ft). There is a large entrance that is built on four pillars. The main church—the so-called White Church—is built on a
338:
Similarly, it is recorded that Saint
Stepanos Monastery was first established in 649 A.D. and a new building constructed at the same location in the 10th century. It was a major Christian church during the history of Armenian independence and development. After it suffered damages due to earthquake,
241:
in the 32nd session of the World
Heritage Committee on 8 July 2008. The three ensembles lie in a total area of 129 hectares (320 acres) and were inscribed under UNESCO criteria (ii), (iii), and (vi) for their outstanding value in showcasing Armenian architectural and decorative traditions, for being
475:
The old Chapel of
Dzordzor lies in the Makuchay River valley, occupying an area of 0.79 hectares (2.0 acres). What is present now is a remnant of the large monastery that once existed there, as the entire chapel has been shifted to a new location 600 metres (2,000 ft) away due to submergence
391:
plan. It has an umbrella-shaped dome and a bell tower. There is also a Black Church, the oldest part of the ensemble, which is also crowned by a dome. The exterior artwork consists of cut-stone fascia of different colours, an
Armenian architectural art form. The ornamentation in the interior is a
330:
that prompted many
Armenians to emigrate to central Iran. Once the Safavids reestablished themselves in the area, the monasteries were reoccupied and renovated. However, during the 18th century the area became a cauldron of conflicts for domination among the Russian, Ottoman, and Persian empires.
386:
The Saint
Thaddeus Monastery ensemble is in two zones, the first of which covers an area of 29.85 hectares (73.8 acres) and comprises four chapels and the monastery itself. A compound wall of 64 by 51 metres (210 ft × 167 ft) with towers at the corners encircles the main monastery
351:
The three monasteries of the ensemble were inscribed on 2008 under UNESCO criteria (ii), (iii), and (vi) for their outstanding value in showcasing
Armenian architectural and decorative traditions, for being a major centre for diffusion of Armenian culture in the region, and for being a place of
342:
The
Dzordzor Chapel was built on the bank of the Makuchay River at Dzordzor by Bishop Zachariah in 1314 on very modest lines, making use of the vestiges of an earlier religious monument dated between the 10th and 12th centuries. During the period of Ottoman rule, some parts of the building were
395:
The second zone is about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away to the southeast of the monastery, occupies an area of 1.98 hectares (4.9 acres), and is the location of a fifth chapel, the Chapel of
Sandokt. In one of the two cemeteries next to this chapel there is a
262:
The Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran are located in the West Azerbaijan and East Azerbaijan provinces in Iran. The three churches lie in a total area of 129 hectares (320 acres). The St. Thaddeus Monastery also known as "Kara Kelisa" or "Black Church" in
2104:
452:
on the bank of the Araxe River in an area of 4.18 hectares (10.3 acres). It is well preserved and is built to a rectangular plan of 5.5 by 6.5 metres (18 ft × 21 ft). It has a dome that is supported over a
314:
was responsible for establishing a monastery here in the 4th century. However, there is recorded proof that St. Thaddeus Monastery dates to the 7th century. It was the second Armenian church to be built, following the
307:. Some of the oldest Armenian chapels, monasteries and churches in the world are located within this region of Iran, and the Iranian Azerbaijan region in general is home to the oldest churches in Iran.
433:
Downstream of the monastery is an area of 10.85 hectares (26.8 acres) where the village of Darresham, the cemetery, and an associated church are located. The village is destroyed except for
3619:
3169:
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987:
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145:
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and was the seat of the diocese in the 10th century. It was destroyed in an earthquake in 1319 and was rebuilt due to the efforts of Bishop Zachariah in the 1320s.
335:
era, Armenians regained control over the monasteries and they were rebuilt. The existing St. Thaddeus Monastery was rebuilt in 1814 and refurbished in the 1970s.
326:
in the 15th century, the monasteries were preserved. The monasteries were then deserted during the 16th and 17th centuries following a period of attacks by the
310:
According to unverified reports it is believed that the Apostle Thaddeus was buried at the site of the St. Thaddeus Monastery in the 1st century A.D., and that
2671:
378:
The three monuments represent a blend of architectural styles from the Byzantine, Persian, Eastern Orthodox, Assyrian, Persian, Muslim, and Armenian cultures.
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1820:
980:
2976:
2010:
2934:
2342:
1836:
1603:
2022:
3660:
2969:
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2256:
1406:
434:
76:
2049:
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2211:
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1390:
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destroyed. Later, the chapel came under threat of submergence from a proposed dam and had to be shifted to a new location upstream.
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2181:
1701:
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919:
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2018:
1932:
1876:
1687:
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1611:
763:
884:
2400:
2171:
1916:
1852:
1581:
1324:
787:
2472:
1832:
1527:
1128:
797:
773:
965:
3136:
2420:
2346:
2291:
2226:
2034:
1968:
1856:
1298:
1118:
1047:
1037:
1032:
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2064:
1890:
1872:
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a major centre for diffusion of Armenian culture in the region, and for being places of pilgrimage of the Apostle
3117:
2500:
2156:
2110:
2026:
1733:
1152:
45:
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blend of Armenian and Persian themes. There are also three more chapels to the northeast of the main monastery.
3079:
2566:
2338:
1947:
1884:
1108:
2514:
2365:
2322:
1964:
1848:
1844:
1712:
1588:
1501:
1213:
1072:
422:, which borders Azerbaijan. The ensemble includes the main monastery church, the Darreh Sham chapel, and the
304:
93:
1960:
1805:
1082:
1078:
888:
3451:
3052:
2301:
2296:
2277:
2271:
2030:
2004:
1384:
303:. Armenia converted to Christianity in the early 4th century A.D. A portion of the region forms part of
3630:
3585:
2538:
2261:
1840:
1824:
1785:
24:
3419:
2927:
2161:
2151:
2136:
2084:
1828:
1790:
1599:
3424:
3159:
3084:
2722:
2638:
2581:
2457:
2314:
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2236:
1868:
1755:
1651:
1062:
947:
407:
388:
280:
272:
264:
230:
215:
211:
117:
66:
2787:
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2094:
1880:
1816:
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743:
311:
3575:
3570:
3207:
2782:
2715:
2486:
2125:
2089:
1765:
1566:
1027:
372:
226:
61:
34:
909:
808:
3590:
3074:
2405:
2330:
1693:
1416:
1344:
1185:
1177:
863:
427:
316:
2186:
2792:
2759:
2561:
2201:
2140:
1989:
1984:
1573:
1556:
1534:
1490:
1206:
152:
8:
3595:
2680:
2166:
1979:
1717:
1634:
1426:
1359:
1318:
1293:
1218:
1199:
1181:
1123:
1010:
356:, a key figure in Armenian religious traditions. They represent the last vestiges of old
238:
207:
3550:
2908:
250:, key figures in Armenian religious traditions. They represent the last vestiges of old
3580:
3436:
3037:
2920:
2888:
2729:
2524:
2519:
2380:
2246:
2206:
2196:
2115:
1927:
1288:
1113:
1098:
1017:
995:
783:
464:
300:
296:
276:
234:
166:
83:
3368:
3009:
2354:
2130:
2100:
2059:
2044:
1974:
1942:
1800:
1770:
1595:
1561:
1517:
1379:
1364:
1349:
1339:
1303:
1254:
1171:
915:
869:
814:
793:
769:
3094:
3351:
3254:
3249:
3232:
3202:
3066:
2903:
2736:
2394:
2350:
2318:
2251:
2069:
1956:
1922:
1682:
1431:
1369:
1234:
1193:
1164:
1147:
1103:
1052:
846:
445:
423:
357:
331:
When the Persians finally gained control, the monasteries were damaged. During the
251:
243:
71:
254:
in its southeastern periphery. The ensembles are in a good state of preservation.
3446:
3414:
3385:
3312:
3128:
2878:
2863:
2808:
2777:
2772:
2120:
1937:
1780:
1749:
1478:
1456:
1450:
1443:
1398:
1266:
1135:
1067:
1057:
323:
687:
685:
683:
360:
in its southeastern periphery. The ensemble is in a good state of preservation.
3605:
3565:
3560:
3545:
3540:
3334:
3305:
3283:
2842:
2649:
2334:
2310:
2176:
1999:
1744:
1626:
1259:
1228:
892:
327:
3654:
3535:
3397:
3378:
3237:
2914:
2821:
2764:
1522:
1460:
1332:
1308:
789:
A Concise History of the Armenian People: (from Ancient Times to the Present)
722:
720:
718:
716:
714:
712:
680:
668:
658:
656:
631:
629:
627:
625:
623:
621:
619:
617:
590:
332:
247:
180:
1994:
3492:
3480:
3458:
3215:
3112:
1541:
1495:
1374:
1142:
1088:
1042:
437:, which is built in the form of a basilica, with four pillars supporting a
419:
353:
3193:
2751:
709:
653:
641:
614:
3644:
3512:
3473:
3441:
3429:
3407:
3344:
3327:
3295:
3261:
3059:
2835:
1759:
1471:
1278:
506:
449:
397:
222:
churches that were established between the 7th and 16th centuries A.D.
3555:
3373:
3300:
2828:
2802:
2797:
2479:
2191:
2146:
1739:
1727:
1722:
1660:
1512:
1507:
1466:
1421:
1283:
1244:
1157:
1022:
268:
930:
106:
3468:
3356:
2531:
2376:
2306:
1485:
1313:
292:
237:—have undergone many renovations. These sites were inscribed on the
3600:
3517:
3390:
3317:
3225:
3045:
2079:
1707:
1551:
1546:
1436:
1223:
996:
Ancient, medieval, and historical Armenian churches and monasteries
830:"Iranian Architecture & Monuments: Historical Churches in Iran"
460:
368:
882:
596:
457:, but the rest of the structures next to the chapel are in ruins.
403:
3507:
3339:
3288:
3276:
3271:
2617:
2573:
2074:
1354:
1273:
1002:
454:
219:
602:
3502:
3402:
3242:
2589:
2554:
2507:
2493:
2384:
1900:
948:"Advisory Body Evaluation: Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran"
542:
441:. The cemetery in the village has tombs dated to 16th century.
438:
3620:
List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province
3170:
List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province
193:
Locations of three primary ensembles within Iranian Azerbaijan
3497:
3485:
3463:
3361:
3322:
3220:
3183:
2631:
2624:
2450:
2436:
418:
The Saint Stepanos Monastery ensemble is in the gorge of the
945:
726:
691:
674:
662:
647:
635:
512:
3266:
2998:
2898:
2684:
2221:
530:
496:
494:
492:
490:
488:
448:(Chupan meaning "shepherd"), located close to the town of
1952:
554:
444:
Upstream, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away, is the
566:
697:
578:
485:
430:, which is a blend of Christian and Islamic art forms.
765:
The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture
3628:
844:
827:
608:
548:
518:
3158:
883:Iranian Students News Agency staff (7 May 2013).
3652:
3004:Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region
2679:
911:The Silk Road - Central Asia: A Travel Companion
762:Bloom, Jonathan; Blair, Sheila S., eds. (2009).
885:"World's most ancient Armenian Church in Iran"
741:
560:
3144:
2665:
981:
847:"Armenia and Iran ii. The Pre-Islamic Period"
275:is 17 kilometres (11 mi) to the west of
928:
806:
536:
500:
218:in Iran. The site comprises three groups of
782:
584:
413:
381:
3151:
3137:
2672:
2658:
988:
974:
761:
572:
861:
703:
267:is about 18 kilometres (11 mi) from
459:
402:
367:
346:
597:Iranian Students News Agency staff 2013
3653:
907:
524:
3132:
2653:
969:
946:UNESCO World Heritage Centre (2008).
931:"Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran"
807:Burke, Andrew; Elliott, Mark (2008).
470:
2894:Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System
2695:List of World Heritage Sites in Iran
3661:Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran
768:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
204:Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran
13:
3093:
14:
3672:
862:Etheredge, Laura (January 2011).
849:. Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation
832:. Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation
742:Amurian, A.; Kasheff, M. (1986).
727:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2008
692:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2008
675:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2008
663:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2008
648:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2008
636:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2008
513:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2008
3638:
3192:
2744:Church of the Holy Mother of God
1650:
1642:
1633:
1625:
792:(2 ed.). Mazda Publishers.
179:
165:
151:
144:
33:
2710:The Armenian Monastic Ensembles
735:
363:
3080:Cultural Landscape of Uramanat
868:. The Rosen Publishing Group.
1:
3596:Baghchejogh museum and palace
2539:Saint Gregory the Illuminator
2411:Church of the Holy Archangels
845:Encyclopædia Iranica (1986).
828:Iran Chamber Society (n.d.).
479:
889:Iranian Students News Agency
7:
3053:Colossal Statue of Shapur I
3017:Ardashir Investiture Relief
257:
67:Monastery of Saint Stepanos
62:Monastery of Saint Thaddeus
10:
3677:
3024:Victory Relief of Ardashir
2755:and its cultural landscape
744:"ARMENIANS OF MODERN IRAN"
561:Amurian & Kasheff 1986
352:pilgrimage of the apostle
286:
208:UNESCO World Heritage Site
26:UNESCO World Heritage Site
3614:
3528:
3201:
3190:
3176:
3167:
3105:
3091:
2702:
2691:
2547:
2429:
2375:
2220:
1899:
1799:
1659:
1623:
1001:
908:Tucker, Jonathan (2015).
549:Encyclopædia Iranica 1986
216:East Azerbaijan provinces
140:
132:
124:
112:
102:
92:
54:
44:
32:
23:
3160:West Azerbaijan province
3085:The Persian Caravanserai
2639:San Lazzaro degli Armeni
2416:Monastery of St. Saviour
609:Iran Chamber Society n.d
537:Burke & Elliott 2008
414:Saint Stepanos Monastery
408:Saint Stepanos Monastery
382:Saint Thaddeus Monastery
322:During the reign of the
281:East Azarbaijan Province
273:Saint Stepanos Monastery
265:West Azerbaijan province
231:Saint Stepanos Monastery
2788:Jameh Mosque of Isfahan
312:Gregory the Illuminator
3576:St. Thaddeus Monastery
3099:
2723:St. Stepanos Monastery
2716:St. Thaddeus Monastery
2501:St. Nicholas Monastery
2401:Cathedral of St. James
573:Bloom & Blair 2009
467:
410:
375:
373:St. Thaddeus Monastery
227:St. Thaddeus Monastery
39:St. Thaddeus Monastery
3591:Jameh Mosque of Urmia
3097:
3075:Trans-Iranian Railway
2999:Historic city of Yazd
2770:Cultural landscape of
953:. UNESCO Organization
933:. UNESCO Organization
929:UNESCO staff (n.d.).
463:
428:Etchmiadzin Cathedral
406:
371:
347:World heritage status
317:Etchmiadzin Cathedral
299:, which stretch into
98:Cultural: ii, iii, vi
2793:Naqsh-e Jahan Square
2681:World Heritage Sites
2421:Chapel of St. Helena
903:– via Payvand.
748:Encyclopædia Iranica
2406:Church of St. Toros
2347:St. Sarkis, Isfahan
2162:Skanchelagordz Vank
2005:Barthoghimevos Vank
1841:Jigrasheni Avetyats
810:Iran. Ediz. Inglese
784:Bournoutian, George
283:in northwest Iran.
239:World Heritage List
3581:Chapel of Dzordzor
3437:Shahin Dezh County
3100:
3038:Palace of Ardashir
2942:Hassan Abad Moshir
2889:Dome of Soltaniyeh
2884:Sheikh Safi's Tomb
2730:Chapel of Dzordzor
2520:Notre Dame de Tyre
1612:St. Paul and Peter
1018:Arshakid Mausoleum
895:on 12 January 2020
471:Chapel of Dzordzor
468:
465:Chapel of Dzordzor
411:
376:
305:historical Armenia
301:Iranian Azerbaijan
297:Armenian highlands
295:are native to the
235:Chapel of Dzordzor
84:Chapel of Dzordzor
3626:
3625:
3586:St. George Church
3369:Piranshahr County
3126:
3125:
3118:Hyrcanian Forests
2647:
2646:
2596:Nor Nakhichevan (
1299:Mashtots Hayrapet
1172:Targmanchats Vank
921:978-1-78076-925-7
875:978-1-61530-308-3
820:978-1-74220-349-2
813:. Lonely Planet.
694:, pp. 55–56.
225:The edifices—the
200:
199:
16:Armenian churches
3668:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3634:
3551:Takht-e Soleymān
3352:Oshnavieh County
3255:Qarah Zia od Din
3250:Chaypareh County
3233:Chaldoran County
3196:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3130:
3129:
3069:
3067:Sarvestan Palace
3062:
3055:
3048:
3040:
3033:
3031:Ardashir Khurreh
3026:
3019:
3012:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2909:Takht-e Soleymān
2904:Bazaar of Tabriz
2873:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2771:
2756:
2746:
2739:
2737:Chapel of Chupan
2732:
2725:
2718:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2651:
2650:
2608:St. Petersburg (
2395:Armenian Quarter
2009:Constantinople (
1786:Yeghishe Arakyal
1654:
1646:
1637:
1629:
990:
983:
976:
967:
966:
962:
960:
958:
952:
942:
940:
938:
925:
904:
902:
900:
891:. Archived from
879:
858:
856:
854:
841:
839:
837:
824:
803:
779:
758:
756:
754:
730:
724:
707:
701:
695:
689:
678:
677:, p. 54-55.
672:
666:
660:
651:
645:
639:
633:
612:
606:
600:
594:
588:
585:Bournoutian 2002
582:
576:
570:
564:
558:
552:
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
516:
510:
504:
501:UNESCO staff n.d
498:
358:Armenian culture
252:Armenian culture
183:
169:
155:
148:
133:Buffer zone
77:Darresham church
72:Chapel of Chupan
37:
27:
21:
20:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3639:
3637:
3629:
3627:
3622:
3610:
3606:Ghoutour Bridge
3571:St. Mary Church
3524:
3415:Sardasht County
3386:Poldasht County
3313:Miandoab County
3205:
3197:
3188:
3172:
3163:
3157:
3127:
3122:
3101:
3089:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2879:Shahr-e Sukhteh
2869:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2809:Persian gardens
2778:Golestan Palace
2769:
2754:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2698:
2687:
2678:
2648:
2643:
2543:
2425:
2371:
2216:
1895:
1857:Karmir Avetaran
1795:
1791:Yerits Mankants
1750:Kusanats Anapat
1655:
1648:
1647:
1639:
1638:
1631:
1630:
1621:
1451:Bgheno-Noravank
1068:Kristapori Vank
997:
994:
956:
954:
950:
936:
934:
922:
898:
896:
876:
852:
850:
835:
833:
821:
800:
776:
752:
750:
738:
733:
725:
710:
702:
698:
690:
681:
673:
669:
661:
654:
646:
642:
634:
615:
607:
603:
595:
591:
583:
579:
571:
567:
559:
555:
547:
543:
535:
531:
523:
519:
511:
507:
499:
486:
482:
473:
416:
384:
366:
349:
324:Safavid dynasty
293:Armenian people
289:
260:
212:West Azerbaijan
210:located in the
196:
195:
194:
191:
190:
189:
188:
184:
176:
175:
174:
170:
162:
161:
160:
156:
88:
40:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3674:
3664:
3663:
3648:
3647:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3566:Shalmash Falls
3563:
3561:Zarrineh River
3558:
3553:
3548:
3546:Bastam Citadel
3543:
3541:Kelashin Stele
3538:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3335:Naqadeh County
3332:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3284:Mahabad County
3281:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3223:
3212:
3210:
3199:
3198:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3156:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3133:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3010:Qal'eh Dokhtar
3001:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2875:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2783:Gonbad-e Qabus
2780:
2775:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2677:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2654:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2606:
2601:
2593:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2577:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2551:
2549:
2548:Rest of Europe
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2390:
2388:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2358:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2247:Dzordzori Vank
2244:
2239:
2233:
2231:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1980:Arakelots Vank
1977:
1972:
1961:Tigran Honents
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1912:
1910:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1829:Ejmiatsnetsots
1812:
1810:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1756:Ghazanchetsots
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1672:
1670:
1657:
1656:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1592:
1585:
1577:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1402:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1231:
1229:Makenyats Vank
1226:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1176:Vagharshapat (
1174:
1168:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1005:
999:
998:
993:
992:
985:
978:
970:
964:
963:
943:
926:
920:
914:. I.B.Tauris.
905:
880:
874:
859:
842:
825:
819:
804:
799:978-1568591414
798:
780:
775:978-0195309911
774:
759:
737:
734:
732:
731:
708:
704:Etheredge 2011
696:
679:
667:
652:
640:
613:
601:
589:
577:
575:, p. 215.
565:
553:
541:
539:, p. 157.
529:
527:, p. 171.
517:
505:
483:
481:
478:
472:
469:
415:
412:
383:
380:
365:
362:
348:
345:
288:
285:
259:
256:
248:Saint Stepanos
198:
197:
192:
186:
185:
178:
177:
172:
171:
164:
163:
158:
157:
150:
149:
143:
142:
141:
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
126:
122:
121:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
96:
90:
89:
87:
86:
81:
80:
79:
74:
64:
58:
56:
52:
51:
48:
42:
41:
38:
30:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3673:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3646:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3536:Teppe Hasanlu
3534:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3398:Salmas County
3396:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3379:Gerd Kashaneh
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3294:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3238:Siah Cheshmeh
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3154:
3149:
3147:
3142:
3140:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3096:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3042:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2915:Persian Qanat
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2822:Chehel Sotoun
2819:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2768:
2766:
2765:Chogha Zanbil
2763:
2761:
2758:
2753:
2750:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2696:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2675:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2610:St. Catherine
2607:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2331:St. Catherine
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1969:Holy Apostles
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1776:Tsitsernavank
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1628:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1461:Tatevi Anapat
1458:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1309:Neghutsi Vank
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
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991:
986:
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795:
791:
790:
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777:
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766:
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749:
745:
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739:
729:, p. 53.
728:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
713:
706:, p. 65.
705:
700:
693:
688:
686:
684:
676:
671:
665:, p. 56.
664:
659:
657:
650:, p. 57.
649:
644:
638:, p. 54.
637:
632:
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515:, p. 52.
514:
509:
502:
497:
495:
493:
491:
489:
484:
477:
466:
462:
458:
456:
451:
447:
446:Chupan chapel
442:
440:
436:
431:
429:
425:
424:Chupan chapel
421:
409:
405:
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393:
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53:
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47:
43:
36:
31:
28:
22:
19:
3493:Urmia County
3481:Takab County
3459:Showt County
3216:Bukan County
3098:Flag of Iran
2871:Pahlevanpour
2709:
2693:
2430:Rest of Asia
2393:
2362:St. Thaddeus
2339:St. Nicholas
2242:Maghardavank
2225:
2126:Marinos Vank
2090:Karapet Vank
1904:
1861:Geghardavank
1804:
1766:Targmanchats
1702:St. Thaddeus
1664:
1641:
1632:
1567:Tsakhats Kar
1496:Jukhtak Vank
1411:Holy Saviour
1186:St. Hripsime
1143:Aghjots Vank
1124:Yeghipatrush
1089:Saghmosavank
1043:Hovhannavank
1028:Astvatsankal
955:. Retrieved
935:. Retrieved
910:
897:. Retrieved
893:the original
864:
851:. Retrieved
834:. Retrieved
809:
788:
764:
751:. Retrieved
747:
736:Bibliography
699:
670:
643:
604:
592:
587:, p. 5.
580:
568:
556:
544:
532:
520:
508:
474:
443:
432:
417:
394:
385:
377:
364:Architecture
354:St. Thaddeus
350:
341:
337:
321:
309:
290:
261:
224:
203:
201:
173:St. Stepanos
159:St. Thaddeus
18:
3474:Yowla Galdi
3442:Shahin Dezh
3408:Tazeh Shahr
3345:Mohammadyar
3328:Chahar Borj
3296:Maku County
3262:Khoy County
3060:Shapur cave
2991:Ebrahimabad
2604:Sultan-Saly
2343:St. Gregory
2323:St. Stephen
2237:Thadei Vank
2212:Yerazgavors
2202:Yeghegnamor
2182:Tigranakert
1881:St. Stephen
1837:St. Gregory
1760:Kanach Zham
1734:Holy Savour
1694:St. Gregory
1604:St. Gregory
1535:Vayots Dzor
1518:Samsonavank
1472:Vorotnavank
1417:Harichavank
1345:Bardzrakash
1279:Gharghavank
1207:Gegharkunik
1178:Etchmiadzin
1114:Vahramashen
957:28 November
937:25 November
525:Tucker 2015
420:Araxe River
398:sarcophagus
389:Greek cross
136:655.0122 ha
128:129.2819 ha
116:2008 (32nd
113:Inscription
3556:Lake Urmia
3452:Mahmudabad
3374:Piranshahr
3113:Lut Desert
2963:Ghasemabad
2815:Pasargadae
2803:Persepolis
2798:Pasargadae
2598:Holy Cross
2562:Holy Cross
2515:Magar Vank
2480:Bangladesh
2366:St. George
2355:St. Nerses
2319:St. George
2282:St. Sarkis
2192:Varagavank
2157:Sivrihisar
2147:Narekavank
2137:St. Marine
2095:Karmravank
1990:Arkakaghni
1891:Tskhinvali
1885:Zrkinyants
1877:St. Sarkis
1833:St. George
1740:Katarovank
1728:Hakobavank
1723:Gtichavank
1677:St. Thomas
1661:Azerbaijan
1596:Gethsemane
1582:Tsiranavor
1557:Spitakavor
1513:Matosavank
1508:Makaravank
1491:Haghartsin
1467:Vahanavank
1422:Lmbatavank
1389:Vanadzor (
1323:Yeghvard (
1284:Havuts Tar
1245:Sevanavank
1239:St. George
1182:St. Gayane
1158:Khor Virap
1083:Tukh Manuk
1079:St. Mesrop
1038:Garnahovit
1023:Aruchavank
1011:Aragatsotn
480:References
435:the church
233:, and the
3469:Marganlar
3447:Keshavarz
3357:Oshnavieh
2956:Akbarabad
2857:Abbasabad
2850:Dolatabad
2532:Singapore
2381:Palestine
2377:Jerusalem
2351:St. Minas
2335:Bethlehem
2307:Nor Jugha
2257:Darashamb
2187:Trebizond
2141:Holy Sign
2101:Cathedral
2060:Gaziantep
2055:Eskişehir
2015:Kuzguncuk
1957:Cathedral
1873:Holy Sign
1845:Kamoyants
1825:Chugureti
1821:Bethlehem
1815:Tbilisi (
1718:Gandzasar
1688:Aprakunis
1600:Katoghike
1594:Yerevan (
1589:St. James
1587:Kanaker (
1502:Arakelots
1500:Kirants (
1486:Goshavank
1457:Monastery
1432:Pemzashen
1427:Marmashen
1360:Horomayri
1340:Monastery
1319:Tejharuyk
1314:Ptghavank
1304:Mayravank
1294:Makravank
1233:Noratus (
1219:Hayravank
1200:Zvartnots
1194:Shoghakat
1148:Artavazik
1077:Oshakan (
1053:Karmravor
103:Reference
3655:Category
3601:Segonbad
3518:Silvaneh
3420:Sardasht
3391:Poldasht
3318:Miandoab
3306:Bazargan
3226:Simmineh
3203:Counties
3046:Bishapur
3044:City of
2984:Mozdabad
2949:Goharriz
2921:Ghasabeh
2864:Akbarieh
2760:Behistun
2703:Cultural
2582:St. Mary
2525:Ganchvor
2473:Saidabad
2468:Chinsura
2463:Calcutta
2360:Tehran (
2327:St. John
2315:St. Mary
2292:Mujumbar
2278:St. Mary
2276:Tabriz (
2272:Mahlezan
2207:Yeghrdut
2197:Varzahan
2116:Khtzkonk
2105:St. Mary
1933:Aghtamar
1928:Aghperig
1917:St. Mary
1869:Norashen
1781:Vankasar
1754:Shusha (
1708:Dadivank
1698:St. Mary
1675:Agulis (
1608:St. John
1552:Noravank
1547:Gndevank
1528:Voskepar
1437:Yererouk
1407:St. Mary
1405:Gyumri (
1391:St. Mary
1385:Sverdlov
1325:St. Mary
1289:Kecharis
1260:Yot Verk
1250:Tsovinar
1235:Cemetery
1224:Kotavank
1214:Ddmashen
1190:St. Mary
1119:Voskevaz
1033:Byurakan
786:(2002).
328:Ottomans
258:Location
244:Thaddeus
220:Armenian
187:Dzordzor
94:Criteria
55:Includes
46:Location
3529:Tourism
3508:Qushchi
3425:Mirabad
3340:Naqadeh
3289:Mahabad
3277:Ivughli
3272:Firuraq
3177:Capital
3106:Natural
2928:Baladeh
2843:Shazdeh
2773:Maymand
2618:Romania
2574:Ukraine
2458:Chennai
2262:Haftvan
2172:Soradir
2080:Ishkhan
2075:Horomos
2045:Drazark
2039:Beyoğlu
2035:Beyoğlu
2027:Samatya
1985:Arapgir
1975:Aparank
1965:Kizkale
1943:Bagnayr
1915:Adana (
1849:Karapet
1801:Georgia
1732:Jugha (
1616:Zoravor
1574:Yerevan
1562:Tanahat
1455:Tatev (
1380:Sanahin
1365:Khuchap
1355:Hnevank
1350:Haghpat
1274:Geghard
1255:Vanevan
1165:Armavir
1129:Zarinja
1073:Mastara
1003:Armenia
899:28 June
853:28 June
836:28 June
753:29 June
455:tambour
287:History
118:Session
3631:Portal
3615:Places
3503:Nushin
3403:Salmas
3243:Avajiq
3208:cities
3162:, Iran
2977:Vazvan
2590:Russia
2580:Lviv (
2555:Crimea
2508:Cyprus
2494:Israel
2444:Aleppo
2385:Israel
2302:Sarnaq
2297:Sohrol
2286:Mariam
2167:Smyrna
2135:Mush (
2099:Kars (
2085:Kanzak
2070:Hogots
2050:Elazig
2031:Taksim
2023:Kartal
2011:Galata
1923:Agarak
1901:Turkey
1865:Mughni
1853:Karapi
1692:Baku (
1683:Amaras
1580:Avan (
1523:Tsrviz
1479:Tavush
1444:Syunik
1399:Shirak
1370:Kobayr
1267:Kotayk
1136:Ararat
1104:Tegher
1094:Mughni
1058:Kasagh
918:
872:
817:
796:
772:
439:cupola
279:city,
271:. The
229:, the
3513:Serow
3498:Urmia
3486:Takab
3464:Showt
3430:Rabat
3362:Nalus
3323:Baruq
3221:Bukan
3184:Urmia
2935:Zarch
2632:Italy
2625:Zamca
2567:Yalta
2487:Dhaka
2451:India
2437:Syria
2177:Tekor
2121:Ktuts
2019:Fatih
1995:Arter
1948:Akori
1938:Akner
1542:Areni
1375:Odzun
1099:Talin
1048:Karbi
951:(PDF)
450:Jolfa
333:Qajar
277:Jolfa
206:is a
3645:Iran
3301:Maku
3267:Khoy
3206:and
2970:Moun
2913:The
2899:Susa
2836:Eram
2807:The
2685:Iran
2311:Vank
2267:Khoy
2252:Hovi
2227:List
2222:Iran
2131:Mren
2065:Goms
2000:Bana
1906:List
1817:Vank
1806:List
1771:Tsar
1745:Kish
1666:List
1333:Lori
1153:Dvin
1109:Ushi
1063:Kosh
959:2015
939:2015
916:ISBN
901:2016
870:ISBN
865:Iran
855:2016
838:2016
815:ISBN
794:ISBN
770:ISBN
755:2016
400:.
291:The
269:Maku
246:and
214:and
202:The
125:Area
107:1262
50:Iran
2829:Fin
2752:Bam
2683:in
2152:Por
2111:Kes
1953:Ani
1713:Gag
3657::
2364:,
2353:,
2349:,
2345:,
2341:,
2337:,
2333:,
2329:,
2325:,
2321:,
2317:,
2313:,
2284:,
2280:,
2139:,
2103:,
2037:,
2033:,
2029:,
2025:,
2021:,
2017:,
2013:,
1967:,
1963:,
1959:,
1883:,
1879:,
1875:,
1871:,
1867:,
1863:,
1859:,
1855:,
1851:,
1847:,
1843:,
1839:,
1835:,
1831:,
1827:,
1823:,
1819:,
1758:,
1700:,
1696:,
1614:,
1610:,
1606:,
1602:,
1598:,
1459:,
1409:,
1237:,
1192:,
1188:,
1184:,
1180:,
1081:,
887:.
746:.
711:^
682:^
655:^
616:^
487:^
3633::
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3145:t
3138:v
2673:e
2666:t
2659:v
2612:)
2600:)
2584:)
2387:)
2383:/
2379:(
2368:)
2357:)
2309:(
2288:)
2230:)
2224:(
2143:)
2107:)
2041:)
1971:)
1955:(
1919:)
1909:)
1903:(
1887:)
1809:)
1803:(
1762:)
1736:)
1704:)
1679:)
1669:)
1663:(
1618:)
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1584:)
1504:)
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1413:)
1393:)
1327:)
1241:)
1196:)
1085:)
989:e
982:t
975:v
961:.
941:.
924:.
878:.
857:.
840:.
823:.
802:.
778:.
757:.
611:.
599:.
563:.
551:.
503:.
120:)
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