2837:
2783:
36:
1438:
In the 1980s and 1990s, there was a renewed push for creating a standard writing system. Aromanian began being taught in schools in North
Macedonia, Albania, and Romania. Members of various Aromanian societies around the world held conferences every few years, all with the main goal of promoting a
2876:
3067:
2881:
372:
2893:
3152:
1442:
Besides the standardized alphabet, there still exist other variants. Those based on the Latin alphabet often use the letters â, ă, î, ș, ț (as does
Romanian) and also ḑ, ľ, ń. In
200:
3174:
3147:
1470:
264:
3416:
3202:
3106:
3047:
185:
3212:
3077:
3082:
2930:
1588:
1495:
3072:
379:
3490:
3169:
3013:
3008:
3192:
3217:
3184:
3163:
180:
3112:
2771:
2674:
1581:
1296:
883:
1412:
Prior to adoption of the current writing system, Aromanian had been written using a wide variety of scripts, including
906:
2821:
3197:
3018:
2749:
1142:
585:
1499:
1857:
1574:
719:
469:
1642:
696:
3000:
226:
3286:
3261:
2963:
1632:
1612:
838:
750:
533:
522:
113:
85:
3381:
2935:
2886:
2658:
1627:
1273:
1211:
1119:
1004:
1500:"On the Standardization of the Aromanian System of Writing: The Bituli-Macedonia Symposium of August 1997"
1364:
1360:
1321:
1317:
773:
769:
765:
608:
604:
600:
3480:
3361:
3133:
2467:
1806:
815:
792:
421:
365:
2947:
2940:
1647:
1622:
1345:
1188:
1165:
1027:
986:
914:
491:
316:
311:
2845:
2597:
2489:
2132:
2000:
1935:
1397:
1383:
1381:
1351:
1343:
1294:
1271:
1250:
1240:
1232:
1209:
1186:
1163:
1140:
1117:
1094:
1071:
1048:
1025:
1002:
976:
953:
930:
904:
881:
860:
858:
836:
813:
790:
756:
748:
740:
717:
694:
673:
671:
648:
625:
593:
591:
583:
575:
552:
531:
520:
512:
489:
279:
3485:
2853:
2764:
2042:
1234:
1566:
1195:
Used only for notation in particular accents where this phoneme is present, otherwise "t" is used
1103:
Used only for notation in particular accents where this phoneme is present, otherwise "r" is used
657:
Used only for notation in particular accents where this phoneme is present, otherwise "d" is used
2795:
2715:
2558:
2005:
1844:
1664:
1652:
1637:
1465:
1050:
650:
627:
577:
554:
286:
46:
3251:
2995:
2990:
2720:
2663:
2622:
2297:
2120:
1907:
1869:
1764:
1427:, a language closely related to Aromanian, and the opening of Romanian schools in the southern
1399:
1353:
758:
236:
231:
150:
75:
3266:
3246:
2968:
2858:
2738:
2429:
2220:
2032:
1774:
1759:
1736:
1716:
1711:
1096:
1073:
955:
932:
453:
241:
90:
70:
3122:
3271:
3256:
3089:
2730:
2630:
2287:
2202:
2092:
2010:
1992:
1879:
978:
742:
190:
95:
80:
8:
3386:
3366:
2905:
2871:
2757:
2692:
2687:
2607:
2517:
2502:
2396:
2247:
2207:
1985:
1957:
1930:
1925:
1902:
1884:
1849:
1834:
1801:
1741:
1729:
1701:
1696:
2264:
3353:
3276:
3207:
3062:
3052:
2978:
2682:
2375:
2362:
2215:
2037:
2017:
1970:
1947:
1839:
1706:
1686:
1681:
1673:
1601:
409:
397:
296:
213:
100:
53:
3454:
3411:
3042:
3030:
2973:
2920:
2640:
2635:
2550:
2237:
2227:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2067:
2054:
1952:
1874:
1821:
1811:
1796:
1779:
1691:
1475:
1455:
1432:
1424:
514:
346:
306:
259:
175:
168:
2779:
3426:
3371:
3094:
2563:
2540:
2479:
2474:
2445:
2419:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2292:
2279:
2269:
2194:
2154:
2100:
2077:
2062:
2027:
2022:
1980:
1917:
1894:
1751:
1724:
1327:
3459:
3406:
3157:
3142:
2707:
2650:
2612:
2586:
2582:
2462:
2450:
2437:
2409:
2404:
2385:
2380:
2322:
2302:
2252:
2242:
2110:
2072:
1965:
1789:
1769:
1417:
425:
351:
195:
2457:
1940:
3309:
2535:
2497:
2414:
2370:
2347:
2327:
2257:
2232:
2082:
1862:
1784:
1460:
1413:
3421:
1552:
3474:
3396:
3099:
2863:
2530:
2507:
2352:
2125:
2105:
1528:
1252:
1242:
291:
3401:
3376:
2910:
2811:
2697:
2525:
1200:
1177:
1131:
1085:
967:
895:
662:
639:
405:
301:
3319:
3304:
2602:
2149:
1597:
2787:
1507:
27:
3314:
424:
and revised in 1999. It was then adopted by most
Aromanian writers in
140:
3447:
3442:
3391:
3329:
2900:
2836:
2826:
2574:
339:
334:
120:
3339:
3334:
2983:
2115:
1596:
437:
412:. The current version of the alphabet was suggested in 1997 at the
16:
Variant of the Latin script used for writing the
Aromanian language
3324:
3294:
2144:
1559:. Vol. 1, no. 55. 2014. pp. 3–5 – via Issuu.
1428:
441:
433:
155:
130:
35:
3299:
2806:
2592:
2137:
1443:
429:
417:
145:
135:
125:
414:
1057:
Used only in foreign words – "c" is normally used instead
503:
3203:
Panhellenic
Federation of Cultural Associations of Vlachs
1446:, Aromanian is usually written using the Greek script.
1372:
1334:
1308:
1285:
1262:
1223:
1154:
1108:
1062:
1039:
1016:
993:
944:
921:
872:
849:
827:
804:
781:
731:
708:
685:
616:
566:
543:
480:
456:. The Aromanian alphabet is since 1997 standardized.
3472:
2931:Population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania
603:when followed by "a", "o", "u" or a consonant; (
3213:Trâ Armânami Association of French Aromanians
2877:Ottoman Aromanians in Romanian foreign policy
2765:
1582:
452:The alphabet consists of several letters and
373:
3170:Giorgakis Olympios Museum of Vlach Folklore
3014:Democratic Union of the Vlachs of Macedonia
3009:Alliance for Equality and European Justice
2772:
2758:
1589:
1575:
1494:
380:
366:
3218:Union for Aromanian Language and Culture
3473:
3193:Lunjina Serbian–Aromanian Association
2753:
1570:
1404:before "e" and "i") is used as well.
768:before "a", "o", "u" or a consonant (
13:
3491:Writing systems introduced in 1997
3078:Linguistic parallels with Albanian
1553:"Alfabetul a limbâljei armâneascâ"
14:
3502:
3068:Bible translations into Aromanian
3198:Macedo-Romanian Cultural Society
3113:I'm Not Famous but I'm Aromanian
3019:Party of the Vlachs of Macedonia
2882:Romanian churches in the Balkans
2835:
2781:
34:
2894:Romanian schools in the Balkans
1396:In addition, the digraph "gh" (
1326:Same pronunciation as found in
3153:Aromanian traditional clothing
1545:
1521:
1488:
1:
3073:Influence on Slavic languages
2964:Genetic studies on Aromanians
1481:
1439:standard Aromanian alphabet.
1435:was used to write Aromanian.
1423:With the standardisation of
611:when followed by "e" or "i"
402:Alfabetu armãnescu/rãmãnescu
7:
3362:Nicolae Constantin Batzaria
3175:Subgroups of the Aromanians
3134:Radio Romania International
2458:Ethiopian Semitic languages
1449:
1303:Used only in foreign words
447:
422:Republic of North Macedonia
10:
3507:
3382:Matilda Caragiu Marioțeanu
2948:Recommendation 1333 (1997)
2941:Principality of the Pindus
1858:Phonology & ortography
1407:
317:Recommendation 1333 (1997)
312:Principality of the Pindus
3435:
3352:
3285:
3237:
3230:
3183:
3148:Aromanian Orthodox Church
3038:
3029:
2956:
2844:
2833:
2794:
2729:
2706:
2672:
2649:
2621:
2572:
2549:
2516:
2488:
2428:
2394:
2361:
2278:
2193:
2163:
2091:
2053:
1916:
1893:
1820:
1750:
1672:
1663:
1608:
1471:Megleno-Romanian alphabet
987:Macedonian Latin alphabet
915:Macedonian Latin alphabet
265:Aromanian Orthodox Church
65:Geographical distribution
3417:Gheorghe Constantin Roja
3083:Aromanian-language names
2936:Roman Legion (1941–1943)
2854:Origin of the Aromanians
1529:"Aromanian (Armâneaşti)"
2887:St. Sotir Church, Korçë
1466:Istro-Romanian alphabet
867:before "e" or "i" only
401:
3001:Dimãndarea pãrinteascã
2996:Aromanian National Day
2991:Flag of the Aromanians
2859:Vlach uprising of 1066
404:) is a variant of the
181:Cultural organizations
2969:Aromanian nationalism
1941:Classical orthography
1775:Standard Written Form
408:used for writing the
3107:Aromanian mass media
3090:Aromanian literature
3048:Aromanian folk dance
2011:Montenegrin alphabet
1510:on February 21, 2008
1363:before "e" and "i",
201:Traditional clothing
3387:Alcibiades Diamandi
3367:Constantin Belimace
2872:Macedonian Struggle
776:before "e" and "i"
772:in some dialects),
607:in some dialects),
22:Part of a series on
3481:Aromanian language
3208:Society Farsharotu
3123:Românul de la Pind
3053:Aromanian language
3005:Political parties
2979:Aromanian question
1257:, "ù" may be used
538:, "â" may be used
410:Aromanian language
394:Aromanian alphabet
297:Aromanian question
54:List of Aromanians
3468:
3467:
3455:Megleno-Romanians
3412:Nicolaos Matussis
3348:
3347:
3226:
3225:
3043:Aromanian cuisine
2974:Aromanian studies
2921:Samarina Republic
2747:
2746:
2189:
2188:
2038:Cyrillic alphabet
2001:Cyrillic alphabet
1931:Cyrillic alphabet
1780:Kernowek Standard
1602:world's languages
1504:Society Farsarotu
1476:Romanian alphabet
1456:Cyrillic alphabet
1433:Romanian alphabet
1394:
1393:
390:
389:
347:Megleno-Romanians
307:Samarina Republic
260:Eastern Orthodoxy
114:Major settlements
3498:
3427:Constantin Ucuta
3372:Mihail G. Boiagi
3235:
3234:
3095:Aromanian Missal
3036:
3035:
2839:
2818:Macedo-Romanians
2786:
2785:
2784:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2751:
2750:
1670:
1669:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1568:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1506:. Archived from
1492:
1403:
1387:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1349:
1323:
1319:
1300:
1277:
1256:
1246:
1238:
1215:
1192:
1169:
1146:
1123:
1100:
1077:
1054:
1031:
1008:
982:
959:
936:
910:
887:
864:
842:
819:
796:
775:
771:
767:
762:
754:
746:
723:
700:
677:
654:
631:
610:
606:
602:
597:
589:
581:
558:
537:
526:
518:
495:
459:
458:
382:
375:
368:
38:
19:
18:
3506:
3505:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3486:Latin alphabets
3471:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3460:Istro-Romanians
3431:
3407:Manaki brothers
3344:
3281:
3262:North Macedonia
3239:
3222:
3179:
3158:Avdhela Project
3143:Aromanian music
3130:Radio stations
3025:
2952:
2840:
2831:
2790:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2748:
2743:
2725:
2702:
2675:Native American
2668:
2645:
2617:
2568:
2545:
2512:
2484:
2424:
2390:
2357:
2274:
2185:
2159:
2087:
2049:
1997:Serbo-Croatian
1912:
1889:
1816:
1807:Scottish Gaelic
1790:Unified Cornish
1770:Kernewek Kemmyn
1746:
1659:
1604:
1595:
1565:
1564:
1557:Bana Armâneascâ
1551:
1550:
1546:
1537:
1535:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1513:
1511:
1496:Cunia, Tiberius
1493:
1489:
1484:
1452:
1410:
468:Pronunciation (
450:
426:North Macedonia
386:
357:
356:
352:Istro-Romanians
330:
322:
321:
282:
272:
271:
255:
247:
246:
217:
206:
205:
171:
161:
160:
116:
106:
105:
86:North Macedonia
66:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3504:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3439:
3437:
3436:Related groups
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3358:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3241:
3232:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3116:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3097:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2960:
2958:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2874:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2850:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2777:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2735:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2716:Haitian Creole
2712:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2679:
2677:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2655:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2579:
2577:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2460:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2440:
2434:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2401:
2399:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2284:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2210:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2097:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2043:Latin alphabet
2040:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2006:Latin alphabet
2003:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1936:Latin alphabet
1933:
1922:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1852:
1847:
1845:Istro-Romanian
1842:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1785:Modern Cornish
1782:
1777:
1772:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1594:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1571:
1563:
1562:
1544:
1520:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1461:Greek alphabet
1458:
1451:
1448:
1409:
1406:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1379:
1376:
1369:
1368:
1358:
1341:
1338:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1315:
1312:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1292:
1289:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1269:
1266:
1259:
1258:
1247:
1230:
1227:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1207:
1204:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1184:
1181:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1161:
1158:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1138:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1115:
1112:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1092:
1089:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1069:
1066:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1046:
1043:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1023:
1020:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1000:
997:
990:
989:
983:
974:
971:
964:
963:
960:
951:
948:
941:
940:
937:
928:
925:
918:
917:
911:
902:
899:
892:
891:
888:
879:
876:
869:
868:
865:
856:
853:
846:
845:
843:
834:
831:
824:
823:
820:
811:
808:
801:
800:
797:
788:
785:
778:
777:
763:
738:
735:
728:
727:
724:
715:
712:
705:
704:
701:
692:
689:
682:
681:
678:
669:
666:
659:
658:
655:
646:
643:
636:
635:
632:
623:
620:
613:
612:
598:
573:
570:
563:
562:
559:
550:
547:
540:
539:
528:
510:
507:
500:
499:
496:
487:
484:
477:
476:
473:
466:
463:
449:
446:
388:
387:
385:
384:
377:
370:
362:
359:
358:
355:
354:
349:
344:
343:
342:
331:
329:Related groups
328:
327:
324:
323:
320:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
283:
278:
277:
274:
273:
270:
269:
268:
267:
256:
253:
252:
249:
248:
245:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
218:
212:
211:
208:
207:
204:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
172:
167:
166:
163:
162:
159:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
117:
112:
111:
108:
107:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
67:
64:
63:
60:
59:
58:
57:
50:
40:
39:
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3503:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3397:Gheorghe Hagi
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3185:Organizations
3182:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3100:Codex Dimonie
3098:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3028:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2927:World War II
2926:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2864:Great Vlachia
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2838:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2775:
2770:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2363:Tungus—Manchu
2360:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1665:Indo-European
1662:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1618:Orthographies
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1598:Orthographies
1592:
1587:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1498:(2000–2001).
1497:
1491:
1487:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1401:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1359:
1355:
1347:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1244:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
991:
988:
984:
980:
975:
972:
969:
966:
965:
961:
957:
952:
949:
946:
943:
942:
938:
934:
929:
926:
923:
920:
919:
916:
912:
908:
903:
900:
897:
894:
893:
889:
885:
880:
877:
874:
871:
870:
866:
862:
857:
854:
851:
848:
847:
844:
840:
835:
832:
829:
826:
825:
821:
817:
812:
809:
806:
803:
802:
798:
794:
789:
786:
783:
780:
779:
764:
760:
752:
744:
739:
736:
733:
730:
729:
725:
721:
716:
713:
710:
707:
706:
702:
698:
693:
690:
687:
684:
683:
679:
675:
670:
667:
664:
661:
660:
656:
652:
647:
644:
641:
638:
637:
633:
629:
624:
621:
618:
615:
614:
599:
595:
587:
579:
574:
571:
568:
565:
564:
560:
556:
551:
548:
545:
542:
541:
535:
529:
524:
516:
511:
508:
505:
502:
501:
497:
493:
488:
485:
482:
479:
478:
474:
471:
467:
464:
461:
460:
457:
455:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
383:
378:
376:
371:
369:
364:
363:
361:
360:
353:
350:
348:
345:
341:
338:
337:
336:
333:
332:
326:
325:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
292:Great Vlachia
290:
288:
285:
284:
281:
276:
275:
266:
263:
262:
261:
258:
257:
251:
250:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
219:
215:
210:
209:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
173:
170:
165:
164:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
118:
115:
110:
109:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
72:
69:
68:
62:
61:
56:
55:
51:
49:
48:
44:
43:
42:
41:
37:
33:
32:
29:
26:
25:
21:
20:
3402:Simona Halep
3377:Toma Caragiu
3240:distribution
3238:Geographical
3162:
3121:
3111:
3057:
2917:World War I
2911:Ullah millet
2868:Ottoman era
2812:Koutsovlachs
2659:Massachusett
2623:Austronesian
1829:
1737:West Frisian
1643:Prepositions
1617:
1556:
1547:
1536:. Retrieved
1532:
1523:
1512:. Retrieved
1508:the original
1503:
1490:
1441:
1437:
1422:
1411:
1395:
527:(sometimes)
451:
413:
406:Latin script
393:
391:
302:Ullah millet
287:Romanization
237:National day
221:
216:and identity
52:
45:
3422:Nuși Tulliu
3287:Settlements
3118:Newspapers
2822:Macedonians
2731:Constructed
2490:Niger–Congo
2430:Afroasiatic
2288:Azerbaijani
2221:orthography
1986:orthography
1971:orthography
1730:orthography
1633:Determiners
1613:Phonologies
242:Nationalism
3475:Categories
3231:Population
2803:Aromanians
2788:Aromanians
2721:Papiamento
2608:Vietnamese
2575:East Asian
2212:Hungarian
2121:Hindustani
2093:Indo-Aryan
1958:Macedonian
1926:Belarusian
1908:Lithuanian
1870:Portuguese
1628:Adjectives
1538:2022-04-01
1514:2008-03-01
1482:References
1367:elsewhere
191:Literature
186:Folk dance
28:Aromanians
3448:Moldovans
3443:Romanians
3392:Pitu Guli
3330:Moscopole
3320:Malovište
3305:Constanța
2901:Armatoles
2827:Tsintsars
2739:Esperanto
2688:Inuktitut
2598:Mongolian
2541:Malayalam
2518:Dravidian
2248:Mordvinic
2133:Maldivian
2033:Ukrainian
1948:Bulgarian
1830:Aromanian
1717:Norwegian
1712:Icelandic
1682:Afrikaans
1340:i greacã
1291:dublã vã
985:Found in
913:Found in
398:Aromanian
340:Moldovans
335:Romanians
121:Moscopole
47:Etymology
3340:Samarina
3335:Peshtera
3277:diaspora
3252:Bulgaria
3063:dialects
3058:alphabet
2984:Grecoman
2957:Identity
2683:Cherokee
2636:Hawaiian
2631:Filipino
2564:Okinawan
2559:Japanese
2468:Biblical
2442:Aramaic
2420:Georgian
2397:European
2238:Livonian
2228:Karelian
2216:alphabet
2203:Estonian
2176:Armenian
2171:Albanian
2116:Gurmukhi
2111:Gujarati
1993:Silesian
1981:alphabet
1977:Russian
1966:alphabet
1880:Sicilian
1875:Romanian
1863:alphabet
1725:alphabet
1721:Swedish
1674:Germanic
1648:Pronouns
1623:Grammars
1533:Omniglot
1450:See also
1425:Romanian
1418:Cyrillic
1314:csã/gzã
454:digraphs
448:Alphabet
438:Bulgaria
254:Religion
222:Alphabet
214:Language
126:Muzachia
101:diaspora
76:Bulgaria
3325:Metsovo
3315:Kruševo
3295:Avdella
3267:Romania
3247:Albania
3031:Culture
2846:History
2693:Nahuatl
2583:Chinese
2551:Japonic
2536:Kannada
2475:Maltese
2446:Aramaic
2338:Turkmen
2333:Turkish
2298:Crimean
2293:Bashkir
2208:Finnish
2145:Marathi
2101:Bengali
2078:Persian
2068:Kurdish
2063:Avestan
2055:Iranian
2028:Sorbian
2023:Slovene
1962:Polish
1903:Latvian
1885:Spanish
1850:Italian
1835:Catalan
1822:Romance
1765:Cornish
1742:Yiddish
1702:Faroese
1697:English
1600:of the
1429:Balkans
1408:History
1328:English
462:Letter
442:Romania
434:Albania
280:History
176:Cuisine
169:Culture
156:Farsala
151:Grabova
141:Kruševo
131:Metsovo
91:Romania
71:Albania
3354:People
3310:Gramos
3300:Bitola
3272:Serbia
3257:Greece
3164:Celnic
2906:Chetas
2807:Vlachs
2708:Creole
2673:other
2664:Ojibwe
2593:Korean
2587:Dungan
2573:other
2531:Telugu
2480:Somali
2463:Hebrew
2451:Syriac
2438:Arabic
2415:Dargwa
2410:Basque
2405:Abkhaz
2395:other
2381:Manchu
2376:Evenki
2343:Uyghur
2318:Kyrgyz
2313:Khakas
2308:Kazakh
2303:Gagauz
2280:Turkic
2270:Udmurt
2258:Erzyan
2253:Moksha
2195:Uralic
2155:Romani
2138:Thaana
2106:Chakma
2073:Pashto
2018:Slovak
1918:Slavic
1895:Baltic
1854:Latin
1840:French
1760:Breton
1752:Celtic
1707:German
1687:Danish
1444:Greece
1431:, the
475:Notes
430:Serbia
418:Bitola
227:Anthem
146:Gramos
136:Pindus
96:Serbia
81:Greece
2796:Names
2698:Osage
2651:Algic
2641:Malay
2613:Nivkh
2526:Tamil
2503:Sotho
2386:Udege
2353:Yakut
2348:Uzbek
2328:Tatar
2323:Nogai
2243:Mansi
2181:Greek
2164:other
2083:Tajik
1953:Czech
1812:Welsh
1797:Irish
1692:Dutch
1653:Verbs
1638:Nouns
1414:Greek
1203:, ts
1180:, th
1134:, sh
1088:, rr
970:, nj
898:, lj
665:, dz
642:, dh
465:Name
196:Music
2603:Thai
2498:Fula
2371:Even
2265:Sámi
2233:Komi
2150:Odia
2126:Urdu
1802:Manx
1416:and
1375:, z
1337:, y
1322:/ɡz/
1318:/ks/
1311:, x
1288:, w
1265:, v
1249:For
1226:, u
1206:tsã
1183:thã
1157:, t
1137:shã
1111:, s
1091:rrã
1065:, r
1045:kiu
1042:, q
1019:, p
996:, o
973:njã
947:, n
924:, m
901:ljã
875:, l
852:, k
830:, j
807:, i
784:, h
774:/dʒ/
734:, g
711:, f
688:, e
668:dzã
645:dhã
619:, d
609:/tʃ/
569:, c
546:, b
530:For
506:, ã
483:, a
440:and
392:The
232:Flag
2508:Vai
1420:.
1378:zã
1365:/ɣ/
1361:/j/
1268:vã
1160:tã
1114:sã
1068:rã
1022:pã
950:nã
927:mã
878:lã
855:ca
833:jã
787:hã
770:/ɣ/
766:/ɡ/
737:gã
714:fã
622:dã
605:/x/
601:/k/
572:cã
549:bã
470:IPA
416:in
3477::
1555:.
1531:.
1502:.
1390:–
1350:,
1320:,
1280:–
1239:,
1229:u
1218:–
1212:ts
1201:Ts
1178:Th
1172:–
1149:–
1132:Sh
1126:–
1086:Rr
1080:–
1034:–
1011:–
999:o
968:Nj
962:–
939:–
896:Lj
890:–
822:–
810:i
799:–
755:,
751:dʒ
747:,
726:–
703:–
691:e
680:–
674:dz
663:Dz
640:Dh
634:–
590:,
586:tʃ
582:,
561:–
519:,
509:ã
498:–
486:a
472:)
444:.
436:,
432:,
428:,
420:,
400::
2773:e
2766:t
2759:v
2589:)
2585:(
1590:e
1583:t
1576:v
1541:.
1517:.
1402:/
1400:ɟ
1398:/
1386:/
1384:z
1382:/
1373:Z
1356:/
1354:ɣ
1352:/
1348:/
1346:j
1344:/
1335:Y
1309:X
1299:/
1297:w
1295:/
1286:W
1276:/
1274:v
1272:/
1263:V
1255:/
1253:ʷ
1251:/
1245:/
1243:ʷ
1241:/
1237:/
1235:u
1233:/
1224:U
1214:/
1210:/
1191:/
1189:θ
1187:/
1168:/
1166:t
1164:/
1155:T
1145:/
1143:ʃ
1141:/
1122:/
1120:s
1118:/
1109:S
1099:/
1097:r
1095:/
1076:/
1074:r
1072:/
1063:R
1053:/
1051:k
1049:/
1040:Q
1030:/
1028:p
1026:/
1017:P
1007:/
1005:o
1003:/
994:O
981:/
979:ɲ
977:/
958:/
956:n
954:/
945:N
935:/
933:m
931:/
922:M
909:/
907:ʎ
905:/
886:/
884:l
882:/
873:L
863:/
861:c
859:/
850:K
841:/
839:ʒ
837:/
828:J
818:/
816:i
814:/
805:I
795:/
793:h
791:/
782:H
761:/
759:ɣ
757:/
753:/
749:/
745:/
743:ɡ
741:/
732:G
722:/
720:f
718:/
709:F
699:/
697:ɛ
695:/
686:E
676:/
672:/
653:/
651:ð
649:/
630:/
628:d
626:/
617:D
596:/
594:x
592:/
588:/
584:/
580:/
578:k
576:/
567:C
557:/
555:b
553:/
544:B
536:/
534:ɨ
532:/
525:/
523:ɨ
521:/
517:/
515:ə
513:/
504:Ã
494:/
492:a
490:/
481:A
396:(
381:e
374:t
367:v
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