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1055:'s and music's roles as conduits of the divine message). A friend recollects that when "Art took up the religion he did so on his own terms", saying that "Muslim imams would come over to his place, and they would pray and talk, then a few hours later would go to a restaurant have a drink and order some ribs", and suggests that reasons for the name change included the pragmatic: that "like many other black jazz musicians who adopted Muslim names", musicians did so to allow themselves to "check into hotels and enter 'white only places' under the assumption they were not African-American".
872:, arguing that it threw his timing off, so most of the time he played by sensing vibrations. Javon Jackson, who played in Blakey's final lineup, claimed that he exaggerated the extent of his hearing loss. "In my opinion, his deafness was a little exaggerated, and it was exaggerated by him. He didn't hear well out of one ear, but he could hear just fine out the other one. He could hear you just fine when you played something badly and he was quick to say 'Hey, you missed that there.' But anything like 'I don't think I'll be available for the next gig', he'd say 'Huh? I can't hear you.
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went over there to see what I could do about religion. When I was growing up I had no choice, I was just thrown into a church and told this is what I was going to be. I didn't want to be their
Christian. I didn't like it. You could study politics in this country, but I didn't have access to the religions of the world. That's why I went to Africa. When I got back people got the idea I went there to learn about music.
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Other specific recollections have Blakey forswearing serious drink while playing (after being disciplined by drummer Sid
Catlett early in his career for drinking while performing), and suggest that the influence of "clean-living cat" Wynton Marsalis led to a period where he was less affected by drugs
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in 1956. Blakey took over the group name when Silver left after the band's first year (taking Mobley and
Watkins with him to form a new quintet), and the band name evolved to include Blakey's name, eventually settling upon "Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers". Blakey led the group for the rest of his
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notes, "Blakey is a major figure in modern jazz and an important stylist in drums. From his earliest recording sessions with
Eckstine, and particularly in his historic sessions with Monk in 1947, he exudes power and originality, creating a dark cymbal sound punctuated by frequent loud snare and bass
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Blakey is known to have recorded from 1947 to 1949. He studied and converted to Islam during this period, taking the name
Abdullah Ibn Buhaina and the nickname "Bu", although he stopped being a practicing Muslim in the 1950s and continued to perform under the name "Art Blakey" throughout his career.
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Although Blakey discourages comparison of his own music with
African drumming, he adopted several African devices after his visit in 1948–9, including rapping on the side of the drum and using his elbow on the tom-tom to alter the pitch. Later he organized recording sessions with multiple drummers,
521:
I didn't go to Africa to study drums – somebody wrote that – I went to Africa because there wasn't anything else for me to do. I couldn't get any gigs, and I had to work my way over on a boat. I went over there to study religion and philosophy. I didn't bother with the drums, I wasn't after that. I
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Orchestra. While sources differ on the timing, most agree that he traveled to New York with
Williams in 1942 before joining Henderson a year later. (Some accounts have him joining Henderson as early as 1939.) While playing in Henderson's band, Blakey was subjected to an unprovoked attack by a white
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Art was an original... He's the only drummer whose time I recognize immediately. And his signature style was amazing; we used to call him 'Thunder.' When I first met him on 52d Street in 1944, he already had the polyrhythmic thing down. Art was perhaps the best at maintaining independence with all
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Drummer Keith Hollis, reflecting on Blakey's early life, states that his fellow drummer "wound up doing drugs to cope"; like many of the era, Blakey and his bands were known for their drug use (namely heroin) while traveling and performing (with varying accounts of Blakey's influence on others in
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After the
Eckstine band broke up, Blakey states that he traveled to Africa for a time: "In 1947, after the Eckstine band broke up, we—took a trip to Africa. I was supposed to stay there three months and I stayed two years because I wanted to live among the people and find out just how they lived
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Blakey married four times and had other long-lasting relationships throughout his life. He married his first wife, Clarice
Stewart, while yet a teen, then Diana Bates (1956), Atsuko Nakamura (1968), and Anne Arnold (1983). He had 10 children from these relationships — Gwendolyn, Evelyn, Jackie,
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albums in 1954: "I'm gonna stay with the youngsters. When these get too old I'll get some younger ones. Keeps the mind active." After weathering the fusion era in the 1970s, the popularity of the Jazz
Messengers faded away. But Blakey's band continued performing with new jazz men such as
407:, Pennsylvania, probably to a single mother who died shortly after his birth; her name is often cited as Marie Roddicker, or Roddericker, although Blakey's own 1937 marriage license shows her maiden name to have been Jackson. His biological father was Bertram Thomas Blakey, originally of
426:'s biography, the surrogate mother was Annie Parran and her husband Henry Parran Sr. The stories related by family and friends, and by Blakey himself, are contradictory as to how long he spent with the Parran family, but it is clear he spent some time with them growing up.
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shortly after Blakey's death, "When jazz was in danger of dying out , there was still a scene. Art kept it going." Blakey was inducted into the Jazz Hall of Fame (in 1982), the Grammy Hall of Fame (in 2001), and was awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2005.
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including some African musicians and pieces. His much-imitated trademark, the forceful closing of the hi-hat on every second and fourth beat, has been part of his style since 1950–51. ... A loud and domineering drummer, Blakey also listens and responds to his soloists.
758:. While veterans occasionally reappeared in the group, by and large, each iteration of the Messengers included a lineup of new young players. Having the Messengers on one's resume was a rite of passage in the jazz world and conveyed immediate bona fides.
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Around the same time (1947 or 1949) he led a big band called Seventeen Messengers. The band proved to be financially unstable and broke up soon after. The use of the Messengers tag finally stuck with the group co-led at first by both Blakey and pianist
1140:", and Wayne Shorter's "One by One". Jackson, a member of Blakey's last Jazz Messengers group, recalled how his experiences with the drummer changed his life, saying that "He taught me how to be a man. How to stand up and be accounted for". Musicians
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Kadijah, Sakeena, Akira, Art Jr., Takashi, Kenji and Gamal. Sandy Warren, another longtime companion of Blakey, published a book of reminiscences and favorite food recipes from the period of the late 1970s to early 1980s when Blakey lived in
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to take over on piano. The veracity of this story is called into question in the Gourse biography, as Blakey himself gives other accounts in addition to this one. The style Blakey assumed was "the aggressive swing style of
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876:" Another bandmate, Geoffrey Keezer, claimed that 'He was selectively deaf. He'd go deaf when you asked him about money, but if it was real quiet and you talked to him one-on-one, then he could hear you just fine.'"
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Blakey went on to record dozens of albums with a constantly changing group of Jazz Messengers. He had a policy of encouraging young musicians: as he remarked on-mic during the live session which resulted in the
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He switched from piano to drums at an uncertain date in the early 1930s. An oft-quoted account of the event states that Blakey was forced at gunpoint to move from piano to drums by a club owner, to allow
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1089:, five days after his 71st birthday, at St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center. He was survived by nine children: Gwendolyn, Evelyn, Jackie, Sakeena, Kadijah, Akira, Takashi, Gamal, and Kenji.
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notes that Blakey had "played with such force and fury that he eventually lost much of his hearing, and at the end of his life, often played strictly by instinct." He stubbornly refused to wear a
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295:, a group which he led for the next 35 years. The group was formed as a collective of contemporaries, but over the years the band became known as an incubator for young talent, including
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In addition to his musical interests, Blakey was described by Jerry "Tiger" Pearson as a storyteller, as having a "big appetite for music women food", and an interest in the sport of
411:, whose family migrated northward to Pittsburgh sometime between 1900 and 1910. Blakey's uncle, Rubi Blakey, was a popular Pittsburgh singer, choral leader, and teacher who attended
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Jeff Schwachter, 2005, "Remembering the Messenger: Jazz legend Art Blakey and his small town Atlantic County digs", Atlantic City Insiders, October 27, 2005; available here
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Regina Schaffer, 2014, "Art Blakey will be remembered by Keith Hollis band, Jazz Vespers in Atlantic City Sunday", Atlantic City Insiders, January 14, 2014; available here
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By seventh grade, Blakey was playing music full-time and had begun to take on adult responsibilities, playing the piano to earn money and learning to be a band leader.
1039:, which he later adopted alongside changing his name; his conversion took place in the late 1940s at a time when other African Americans were being influenced by the
2644:
John Cohassey (2014), "My Friend Art Blakey: Recollections of a Jazz Fan from Detroit, by Jerry "Tiger" Pearson, as told to John Cohassey" (Supporting material for
592:. The records were released as 78 rpm records at the time, and two of the songs were released on the "New Sounds" 10" LP compilation (BLP 5010). The octet included
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The legacy of Blakey and his bands is not only the music they produced, but also the opportunities they provided for several generations of jazz musicians.
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video game soundtracks, cited Art Blakey as the jazz musician who had the deepest influence on him, due to his father frequently playing his music.
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were in turn briefly members of the group. Golson, as musical director, wrote several jazz standards which began as part of the band book, such as "
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Georgia police officer which necessitated a steel plate being inserted into his head. These injuries caused him to be declared unfit for service in
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John Moultrie, 2013, "Gary Bartz Talks About Drug Use Among Jazz Greats", 2013 Jazz Festival (iRock Jazz Team, irockjazz.com); available here
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550:; he is often considered to have been Monk's most empathetic drummer, and he played on both Monk's first recording session as a leader (for
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Jeff Schwachter, 2010, "Art Blakey Topic of New Book by Atlantic City Author", Atlantic City Insiders, November 17, 2010; available here
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After a visit to West Africa, Blakey converted to Islam and briefly took the name Abdullah Ibn Buhaina, which led to the nickname "Bu."
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The "Jazz Messengers" name was first used for this group on a 1954 recording nominally led by Silver, with Blakey, Mobley, Dorham and
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821:. For a complete list of Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers alumni, including some who did not actually record with the band, see
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movement of the 1980s and 1990s, both of which had the Jazz Messengers in a stylistically seminal role. In the words of drummer
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On December 17, 1947, Blakey led a group known as "Art Blakey's Messengers" in his first recording session as a leader, for
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and—about the drums especially." He stated in a 1979 interview, discussing the context of the decision at the time:
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America's Cultural Rebels: Avant-Garde and Bohemian Artists, Writers and Musicians from the 1850s through the 1960s
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performed several of the band's most celebrated tunes, such as Golson's "Along Came Betty", Bobby Timmons' "Moanin
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2669:"Excerpt from the liner notes to Feeling Good (album by Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers). Released 1986"
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Blakey was raised with his siblings by a family friend who became a surrogate mother. According to
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in 1947) and his final one (in London in 1971), as well as many in between. Blakey toured with
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Hard Bop Academy: The Sidemen of Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers, Alan Goldsher, pp 81
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1051:-reading jazz band called the 17 Messengers (perhaps all Muslim, reflecting notions of
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during performances. Blakey was a heavy smoker; he appears in a cloud of smoke on the
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As the 1950s began, Blakey was backing musicians such as Davis, Parker, Gillespie,
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on October 22, 1990, a tribute group assembled of past Jazz Messengers including
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He continued performing and touring with the group through the end of the 1980s.
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Many Messenger alumni went on to become jazz stars in their own right, such as:
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The Jazz Messengers nurtured and influenced many of the key figures of the
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by Roy Kotynek and John Cohassey (Jefferson, NC:McFarland & Company);
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2473:, M. Erlewine, V. Bogdanov, San Francisco, CA: Miller Freeman, p.
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Blakey received some piano lessons at school but was also self-taught.
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Hard bop academy: the sidemen of Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers
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drum accents in triplets or cross-rhythms." This source continues:
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joined in 1983 as a second drummer due to Blakey's failing health.
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529:
368:
122:
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LondonJazzCollector, 2011, "Art Blakey "Buhaina's Delight" (1961)"
1558:(Edward E. Curtis, ed.), pp. 85f (New York: Infobase Publishing);
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576:
485:'s big band. Through this band, Blakey became associated with the
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725:. From 1961 to 1964, the band was a sextet that added trombonist
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2586:"Art Blakey, Jazz Great, Is Dead; A Drummer and Band Leader, 71"
2338:(liner notes). BLP 1518. Horace Silver and the Jazz Messengers.
1890:"Art Blakey, Jazz Great, Is Dead; A Drummer and Band Leader, 71"
941:
he can be seen repeatedly changing grip during his performance.
686:
678:" and "Are You Real" were other Golson compositions for Blakey.
674:", and were frequently revived by later editions of the group. "
267:
Blakey made a name for himself in the 1940s in the big bands of
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Art Blakey et les Jazz Messengers au Théâtre des Champs-Élysées
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3278:
2771:"Memorial Service for Art Blakey With Jokes, Memories and Jazz"
1379:
1073:, Blakey begins a long drummers' "duel" with cigarette alight.
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album cover, and in extended footage of a 1973 appearance with
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group of the 1950s, playing a driving, aggressive extension of
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replaced Dorham, and the group recorded an album called simply
475:
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From 1939 to 1944, Blakey played with fellow Pittsburgh native
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2401:(liner notes). BLP 4003. Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers.
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913:
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651:
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261:
127:
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The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd Edition
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Brandi Denison, 2010, "Blakey, Art (Ibn Buhaina Abdullah)",
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Blakey assumed an aggressive swing style of contemporaries
580:
Blakey on a tour billed as part of the "Giants of Jazz" in
253:
117:
3676:
A Jazz Hour with Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers: Blues March
1945:
Miller, Yawu (1994). "Art Blakey". In Ramsay, John (ed.).
1796:(1st ed.). Milwaukee, WI: Hal Leonard. pp. 2–5.
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2638:
2636:
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1047:, and at one time in that period, Blakey led a turbaned,
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Meet You at the Jazz Corner of the World, Vols. 1 and 2
2380:(liner notes). LAX 1115. Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers.
628:
the following year, still functioning as a collective.
235:
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movement of the late 1950s to early 1960s, and of the
933:, though in later appearances he is also seen using a
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roots. Towards the end of the 1950s, the saxophonists
252:(October 11, 1919 – October 16, 1990) was an American
1240:
Album date based on recording year, not release year.
2508:"Chronology of Art Blakey (and the Jazz Messengers)"
2531:See, for instance: "Art Blakey solo", available at
2058:
Drummin' Men: The Heartbeat of Jazz The Bebop Years
1655:"Modern Drummer's Readers Poll Archive, 1979–2014"
1594:
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381:(in 1981). Posthumously, he was inducted into the
3303:Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers with Thelonious Monk
1550:
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1233:Blakey's solo or semi-solo albums are denoted in
4001:
3644:At the Jazz Corner of the World, Vols. 1 & 2
2796:
2199:"How Muslim-Americans Helped Create Modern Jazz"
1043:missionary Kahili Ahmed Nasir, according to the
925:four limbs. He was doing it before anybody was."
16:American jazz drummer and bandleader (1919–1990)
2367:
2308:
2306:
2184:Ritual:The Jazz Messengers featuring Art Blakey
2119:Note and Tones: Musician-to-musician Interviews
1035:in 1948 to explore the culture and religion of
879:Blakey's final performances were in July 1990.
729:and replaced Morgan, Timmons, and Merritt with
709:on bass. The group recorded several albums for
558:from 1951 to 1953 in a band that also included
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2317:(liner notes). BLP 1508. The Jazz Messengers.
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2887:
2287:. Monkzone.com. June 26, 1957. Archived from
1592:
929:His drumming form made continuing use of the
904:early in his career, and is known, alongside
489:movement, along with his fellow band members
474:. He led his own band at the Tic Toc Club in
256:drummer and bandleader. He was also known as
2611:"Yasunori Mitsuda – 2003 Composer Interview"
2409:
2359:(liner notes). CL 897. The Jazz Messengers.
2303:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2089:Spirits Rejoice!: Jazz and American Religion
2085:
1998:
1156:also paid tribute to Blakey at his funeral.
4070:Deaths from lung cancer in New York (state)
3628:A Midnight Session with the Jazz Messengers
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1974:
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1949:. Miami, FL: Manhattan Music Publications.
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367:calls the Jazz Messengers "the archetypal
31:
4085:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners
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1196:Induction for the single "Moanin'" (1998)
1184:Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group
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2554:"Art Blakey & Ginger Baker Drum Duo"
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1601:. Oxford University Press, USA. p.
912:, as one of the inventors of the modern
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403:Blakey was born on October 11, 1919, in
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1556:Encyclopedia of Muslim-American History
1045:Encyclopedia of Muslim-American History
625:The Jazz Messengers at the Cafe Bohemia
391:(in 1998 and 2001). He was awarded the
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2506:Schwartz, Steve; Fitzgerald, Michael.
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1944:
1933:
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1593:Feather, Leonard; Gitler, Ira (1999).
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1028:, with Warren and their son, Takashi.
693:From 1959 to 1961, the group featured
565:
481:From 1944 to 1947, Blakey worked with
275:. He then worked with bebop musicians
3793:Horace Silver and the Jazz Messengers
3271:Selections from Lerner and Loewe's...
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2335:Horace Silver and the Jazz Messengers
2160:
1819:
1817:
1815:
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1751:
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1597:The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz
1372:Selections from Lerner and Loewe's...
365:The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz
4150:20th-century American male musicians
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2254:
2196:
1911:"Blakey, Art; Buhaina, Abdullah Ibn"
1624:
1622:
264:for a short time in the late 1940s.
4080:Converts to Islam from Christianity
3772:The Art of Jazz: Live in Leverkusen
3527:Night in Tunisia: Digital Recording
2851:"Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award"
2769:Watrous, Peter (October 24, 1990).
2584:Watrous, Peter (October 17, 1990).
1900:
1888:Watrous, Peter (October 17, 1990).
1842:
13:
4125:People from Northfield, New Jersey
3335:Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers
2571:, PBS.com; accessed April 2, 2015.
2440:
2398:Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers
2257:"Pennsylvania Center for the Book"
1978:
1810:
1742:
1522:Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers
1177:Jazz Hall of Fame Induction (1982)
14:
4166:
2117:Taylor, Arthur (August 5, 2009).
1619:
1215:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award
887:
527:Art Blakey quoted by Herb Nolan,
393:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award
2568:The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz
2197:Cole, Juan (December 27, 2018).
1011:
944:As the supporting materials for
4025:African-American jazz musicians
2843:
2762:
2750:
2739:
2721:
2703:
2661:
2603:
2560:
2537:
2525:
2490:
2434:
2277:
2248:
2190:
2175:
1829:National Endowment for the Arts
1466:At the Jazz Corner of the World
830:
689:jazz festival in Sweden in 1979
399:Early life and education career
4130:20th-century American drummers
4105:Jazz musicians from Pittsburgh
2556:. YouTube. September 28, 2012.
2255:Atty, Janis Jean (Fall 2005).
1674:
1647:
1490:The Théâtre des Champs-Élysées
1221:
1031:Blakey traveled for a year in
882:
1:
3862:Les liaisons dangereuses 1960
3724:Live at Montreux and Northsea
2684:Art Blakey and his son, Akira
2055:Burt Korall (July 29, 2004).
1530:
937:. In a 1973 drum battle with
387:Hall of Fame in 1991 and the
374:Blakey was inducted into the
38:
4140:American male jazz musicians
1217:(2005; awarded posthumously)
1085:, on October 16, 1990, from
670:", "Along Came Betty", and "
7:
4100:The Jazz Messengers members
3801:The Cool Voice of Rita Reys
3620:At the Cafe Bohemia, Vol. 2
3612:At the Cafe Bohemia, Vol. 1
2315:At the Cafe Bohemia, Vol. 1
1688:. July 8, 1956. p. 125
1306:At the Cafe Bohemia, Vol. 2
1298:At the Cafe Bohemia, Vol. 1
622:—the same quintet recorded
10:
4171:
4145:The Giants of Jazz members
3891:A Night at Birdland Vol. 1
2443:"Kenny Garrett: Biography"
2186:(LP record). Pacific Jazz.
1947:Art Blakey's jazz messages
1279:A Night at Birdland Vol. 3
1269:A Night at Birdland Vol. 2
1259:A Night at Birdland Vol. 1
1225:
569:
533:(November 1979 issue p.20)
4155:African-American drummers
4110:Riverside Records artists
4065:Blue Note Records artists
4050:American jazz bandleaders
4035:Muslims from Pennsylvania
3981:
3872:
3843:
3782:
3601:
3236:
2909:
2733:October 21, 2014, at the
2715:October 16, 2014, at the
2395:Feather, Leonard (1958).
2313:Feather, Leonard (1955).
1682:"They like the old songs"
1159:
1094:Abyssinian Baptist Church
964:
685:Blakey performing at the
432:
230:
226:
216:
206:
196:
175:
158:
141:
110:
93:
73:
63:
53:
48:
30:
23:
4120:Timeless Records artists
4095:Impulse! Records artists
4075:Columbia Records artists
4030:African-American Muslims
3854:Des Femmes Disparaissent
2467:(1994), Ron Wynn (ed.),
2353:Avakian, George (1956).
2261:pabook.libraries.psu.edu
2231:"Art Blakey discography"
1474:Les Liaisons Dangereuses
1450:Des Femmes Disparaissent
1202:Induction for the album
1076:
371:group of the late 50s."
3931:Drums Around the Corner
2470:All Music Guide to Jazz
2094:Oxford University Press
2063:Oxford University Press
1792:Goldsher, Alan (2008).
1724:Gourse, Leslie (2002).
1630:"Downbeat Hall of Fame"
1423:Drums Around the Corner
4135:American male drummers
4045:American jazz drummers
3575:I Get a Kick Out of Bu
1757:"Art Blakey biography"
1228:Art Blakey discography
1092:At his funeral at the
1026:Northfield, New Jersey
962:
927:
840:
690:
646:It was the archetypal
585:
536:
291:and Blakey formed the
260:after he converted to
49:Background information
4115:Savoy Records artists
3153:Gregory Charles Royal
2830:"Grammy Hall of Fame"
2374:Hentoff, Nat (1958).
2086:Jason Bivins (2015).
1921:on September 10, 2013
1728:. Music Sales Group.
1172:Reader's Choice Award
957:
922:
838:
684:
579:
519:
3740:Art Blakey in Sweden
3636:1958 – Paris Olympia
3431:Like Someone in Love
2617:. Shmuplations. 2003
2332:Gitler, Ira (1955).
2143:"Art Blakey profile"
2006:"Art Blakey profile"
1859:"Art Blakey profile"
1458:The St. Germain Club
1442:1958 – Paris Olympia
1388:With Thelonious Monk
701:on trumpet, pianist
697:on tenor saxophone,
465:and toured with the
417:Nashville, Tennessee
287:. In the mid-1950s,
258:Abdullah Ibn Buhaina
89:, Pennsylvania, U.S.
69:Abdullah Ibn Buhaina
4020:ABC Records artists
3955:Hold On, I'm Coming
3915:Art Blakey Big Band
3708:Jazz Messengers '70
3519:Reflections in Blue
3247:The Jazz Messengers
2903:The Jazz Messengers
2804:"Art Blakey Awards"
2512:jazzdiscography.com
2356:The Jazz Messengers
2291:on December 1, 2008
2182:Art Blakey (1957).
1314:The Jazz Messengers
1200:Grammy Hall of Fame
1194:Grammy Hall of Fame
996:, who composed the
920:described him thus:
916:style of drumming.
862:Ralph Peterson, Jr.
846:A Night at Birdland
824:The Jazz Messengers
668:I Remember Clifford
635:The Jazz Messengers
572:The Jazz Messengers
566:The Jazz Messengers
389:Grammy Hall of Fame
133:straight-ahead jazz
3971:Bluesiana Triangle
3511:In My Prime Vol. 2
3503:In My Prime Vol. 1
3327:A Night in Tunisia
3295:A Night in Tunisia
2775:The New York Times
2590:The New York Times
2377:A Night in Tunisia
1894:The New York Times
1726:Art Blakey profile
1514:A Night in Tunisia
1364:A Midnight Session
1170:Jazz Hall of Fame
1130:Essiet Okon Essiet
841:
722:A Night in Tunisia
691:
606:Walter Bishop, Jr.
586:
584:, Germany, in 1973
478:for a short time.
467:Fletcher Henderson
269:Fletcher Henderson
4090:Hard bop drummers
3997:
3996:
3923:Holiday for Skins
3764:Live at Kimball's
3660:Paris Jam Session
3535:Album of the Year
3447:Roots & Herbs
3367:The Freedom Rider
3351:Buhaina's Delight
3098:Branford Marsalis
3008:Charles Fambrough
2933:Terence Blanchard
2656:; available here
2654:978-0-7864-3709-2
2441:Skelly, Richard.
2403:Blue Note Records
2340:Blue Note Records
2319:Blue Note Records
2121:. Da Capo Press.
2103:978-0-19-023091-3
2072:978-0-19-517664-3
2065:. pp. 131–.
1566:; available here
1498:Paris Jam Session
1433:Holiday for Skins
1114:Terence Blanchard
1066:Buhaina's Delight
978:Neotraditionalist
851:Terence Blanchard
811:Terence Blanchard
807:Branford Marsalis
744:Buhaina's Delight
711:Blue Note Records
590:Blue Note Records
552:Blue Note Records
463:Mary Lou Williams
379:Jazz Hall of Fame
357:Terence Blanchard
244:
243:
4162:
4040:American Ahmadis
3939:The African Beat
3684:Three Blind Mice
3495:Gypsy Folk Tales
3439:The Witch Doctor
3208:Peter Washington
3143:Valery Ponomarev
3078:Carter Jefferson
2896:
2889:
2882:
2873:
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2487:
2461:
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2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2421:drummerworld.com
2413:
2407:
2406:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2361:Columbia Records
2350:
2344:
2343:
2329:
2323:
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2310:
2301:
2300:
2298:
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2281:
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2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2227:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2203:Informed Comment
2194:
2188:
2187:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2096:. pp. 39–.
2083:
2077:
2076:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2010:allaboutjazz.com
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1976:
1961:
1960:
1942:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1917:. Archived from
1907:
1898:
1897:
1885:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1855:
1840:
1839:
1837:
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1617:
1616:
1600:
1590:
1569:
1552:
1186:, for the album
1139:
1134:Kenny Washington
1118:Valery Ponomarev
994:Yasunori Mitsuda
990:video game music
931:traditional grip
875:
654:with pronounced
640:Columbia Records
534:
240:
237:
199:
100:
97:October 16, 1990
84:October 11, 1919
83:
81:
66:
56:
43:
40:
35:
21:
20:
4170:
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4165:
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4159:
4060:Bebop ensembles
4000:
3999:
3998:
3993:
3977:
3874:
3868:
3845:
3839:
3784:
3778:
3700:Buttercorn Lady
3603:
3597:
3479:In Walked Sonny
3238:
3232:
3158:David Schnitter
3103:Wynton Marsalis
3083:Geoffrey Keezer
3063:Freddie Hubbard
3048:Donald Harrison
2938:Joanne Brackeen
2917:
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2744:
2740:
2735:Wayback Machine
2726:
2722:
2717:Wayback Machine
2708:
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2549:Wayback Machine
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2024:
2014:
2012:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1979:Kelsey, Chris.
1977:
1964:
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1686:Oakland Tribune
1680:
1679:
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1653:
1652:
1648:
1638:
1636:
1628:
1627:
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1538:
1533:
1528:
1230:
1224:
1162:
1150:Dizzy Gillespie
1137:
1126:Donald Harrison
1110:Wynton Marsalis
1106:Geoffrey Keezer
1081:Blakey died in
1079:
1059:this regard).
1014:
967:
890:
885:
873:
833:
815:Donald Harrison
803:Wynton Marsalis
795:Joanne Brackeen
775:Freddie Hubbard
731:Freddie Hubbard
574:
568:
548:Thelonious Monk
535:
526:
503:Dizzy Gillespie
435:
413:Fisk University
401:
361:Wynton Marsalis
297:Freddie Hubbard
293:Jazz Messengers
285:Dizzy Gillespie
277:Thelonious Monk
247:
234:
221:Jazz Messengers
197:
192:
188:Jazz Messengers
171:
154:
137:
102:
98:
85:
79:
77:
64:
54:
44:
41:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4055:Bebop drummers
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3967:
3959:
3951:
3947:A Jazz Message
3943:
3935:
3927:
3919:
3911:
3907:Orgy in Rhythm
3903:
3887:
3878:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3858:
3849:
3847:
3841:
3840:
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3813:
3805:
3797:
3788:
3786:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3768:
3760:
3752:
3748:Straight Ahead
3744:
3736:
3728:
3720:
3716:In This Korner
3712:
3704:
3696:
3688:
3680:
3672:
3664:
3656:
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3491:
3483:
3475:
3467:
3459:
3451:
3443:
3435:
3427:
3419:
3411:
3403:
3399:Indestructible
3395:
3387:
3379:
3371:
3363:
3355:
3347:
3339:
3331:
3323:
3315:
3307:
3299:
3291:
3283:
3275:
3267:
3259:
3251:
3242:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3228:Reggie Workman
3225:
3223:James Williams
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3193:Jean Toussaint
3190:
3185:
3183:Victor Sproles
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3138:Lonnie Plaxico
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3118:Mulgrew Miller
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3038:Johnny Griffin
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3018:Carlos Garnett
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2983:Spanky DeBrest
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
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2955:
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2573:
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2536:
2524:
2498:
2489:
2483:
2456:
2433:
2408:
2387:
2366:
2345:
2324:
2302:
2285:"Monk's Music"
2276:
2247:
2215:
2189:
2174:
2159:
2147:britannica.com
2134:
2127:
2109:
2102:
2078:
2071:
2047:
2022:
1997:
1962:
1955:
1932:
1899:
1875:
1841:
1809:
1802:
1773:
1741:
1734:
1699:
1673:
1660:Modern Drummer
1646:
1618:
1611:
1570:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
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1438:
1428:
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1400:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1360:
1355:Orgy in Rhythm
1350:
1342:
1334:
1326:
1318:
1310:
1302:
1294:
1284:
1274:
1264:
1254:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1226:Main article:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1212:
1197:
1191:
1188:New York Scene
1178:
1175:
1161:
1158:
1132:, and drummer
1078:
1075:
1013:
1010:
982:Cindy Blackman
966:
963:
889:
888:Drumming style
886:
884:
881:
839:Blakey in 1982
832:
829:
819:Mulgrew Miller
787:Chuck Mangione
739:Reggie Workman
660:Johnny Griffin
570:Main article:
567:
564:
556:Buddy DeFranco
524:
513:among others.
507:Charlie Parker
483:Billy Eckstine
434:
431:
409:Ozark, Alabama
400:
397:
384:Modern Drummer
337:Chuck Mangione
329:Johnny Griffin
281:Charlie Parker
273:Billy Eckstine
246:Musical artist
245:
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108:
107:
101:(aged 71)
95:
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75:
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61:
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57:
51:
50:
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36:
28:
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3:
2:
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2015:September 16,
2011:
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96:
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65:Also known as
62:
59:Arthur Blakey
58:
52:
47:
34:
29:
22:
19:
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3559:Feeling Good
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3389:
3381:
3375:Free for All
3373:
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3357:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3325:
3319:The Big Beat
3317:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3253:
3245:
3218:Bobby Watson
3213:Doug Watkins
3203:Cedar Walton
3133:Billy Pierce
3068:Dennis Irwin
3043:Bill Hardman
3028:Benny Golson
3023:John Gilmore
2993:Kenny Dorham
2948:Donald Brown
2914:
2858:. Retrieved
2854:
2845:
2833:. Retrieved
2807:. Retrieved
2798:
2788:November 11,
2786:. Retrieved
2774:
2764:
2752:
2741:
2723:
2705:
2683:
2678:February 23,
2676:. Retrieved
2672:
2663:
2645:
2619:. Retrieved
2614:
2605:
2593:. Retrieved
2589:
2567:
2562:
2545:Ghostarchive
2543:Archived at
2539:
2527:
2515:. Retrieved
2511:
2501:
2492:
2468:
2459:
2447:. Retrieved
2436:
2424:. Retrieved
2420:
2417:"Art Blakey"
2411:
2396:
2390:
2375:
2369:
2354:
2348:
2333:
2327:
2314:
2293:. Retrieved
2289:the original
2279:
2271:
2264:. Retrieved
2260:
2250:
2238:. Retrieved
2234:
2206:. Retrieved
2202:
2192:
2183:
2177:
2169:
2150:. Retrieved
2146:
2137:
2118:
2112:
2088:
2081:
2057:
2050:
2038:. Retrieved
2034:
2025:
2013:. Retrieved
2009:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1985:allmusic.com
1984:
1981:"Art Blakey"
1946:
1923:. Retrieved
1919:the original
1914:
1893:
1866:. Retrieved
1862:
1832:. Retrieved
1828:
1825:"Art Blakey"
1793:
1764:. Retrieved
1760:
1725:
1690:. Retrieved
1685:
1676:
1664:. Retrieved
1658:
1649:
1637:. Retrieved
1634:downbeat.com
1633:
1596:
1555:
1520:
1512:
1506:The Big Beat
1504:
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1246:
1234:
1203:
1187:
1181:Grammy Award
1171:
1165:
1122:Benny Golson
1091:
1080:
1071:Ginger Baker
1064:
1061:
1057:
1044:
1030:
1022:
1015:
1003:
997:
987:
971:
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958:
949:
943:
939:Ginger Baker
935:matched grip
928:
923:
906:Kenny Clarke
891:
878:
859:
845:
842:
831:Later career
822:
767:Benny Golson
760:
755:Free For All
753:
742:
735:Cedar Walton
721:
716:The Big Beat
715:
692:
664:Benny Golson
645:
633:
623:
620:Doug Watkins
617:
609:
598:Sahib Shihab
594:Kenny Dorham
587:
541:
537:
528:
520:
515:
499:Fats Navarro
480:
472:World War II
460:
439:
436:
428:
421:
402:
382:
373:
364:
349:Cedar Walton
313:Kenny Dorham
309:Benny Golson
266:
257:
249:
248:
198:Years active
99:(1990-10-16)
18:
4015:1990 deaths
4010:1919 births
3989:Discography
3875:solo albums
3783:Compilation
3591:One for All
3583:Chippin' In
3415:Soul Finger
3198:McCoy Tyner
3123:Hank Mobley
3093:Brian Lynch
3033:Benny Green
2988:Sam Dockery
2978:Steve Davis
2973:Chick Corea
2968:Buck Clarke
2958:Donald Byrd
2953:Bobby Broom
2928:Mickey Bass
2923:Dale Barlow
2809:January 11,
2615:Game Hihyou
2382:Vik Records
2266:January 13,
1915:Library PSU
1222:Discography
1098:Brian Lynch
1087:lung cancer
1053:the Prophet
1033:West Africa
898:Sid Catlett
883:Music style
870:hearing aid
676:Whisper Not
672:Blues March
630:Donald Byrd
602:Musa Kaleem
491:Miles Davis
452:Sid Catlett
341:Chick Corea
321:Donald Byrd
317:Hank Mobley
217:Formerly of
176:Discography
159:Instruments
142:Occupations
42: 1964
4004:Categories
3963:Killer Joe
3873:Art Blakey
3844:Soundtrack
3833:Originally
3809:Drum Suite
3756:Keystone 3
3732:One by One
3551:Blue Night
3487:Backgammon
3471:Anthenagin
3407:'S Make It
3391:Golden Boy
3287:Hard Drive
3163:Woody Shaw
3128:Lee Morgan
3088:Frank Lacy
3058:John Hicks
2915:Art Blakey
2855:Grammy.com
2445:. Allmusic
2295:October 6,
1956:0760400091
1666:August 10,
1564:1438130406
1531:References
1396:Hard Drive
1346:Drum Suite
1322:Originally
1249:New Sounds
1146:Ray Bryant
948:'s series
902:Ray Bauduc
894:Chick Webb
799:Woody Shaw
763:Lee Morgan
713:including
699:Lee Morgan
560:Kenny Drew
544:Bud Powell
456:Ray Bauduc
448:Chick Webb
405:Pittsburgh
353:Woody Shaw
305:Lee Morgan
168:percussion
151:bandleader
87:Pittsburgh
80:1919-10-11
55:Birth name
25:Art Blakey
3825:Africaine
2783:0362-4331
2595:April 25,
2465:Wynn, Ron
2449:March 21,
1482:Africaine
1154:Max Roach
1083:Manhattan
992:composer
988:Japanese
946:Ken Burns
918:Max Roach
910:Max Roach
395:in 2005.
376:Down Beat
236:artblakey
211:Blue Note
202:1942–1990
3255:Hard Bop
2731:Archived
2713:Archived
2547:and the
2035:jazz.com
1405:Big Band
1330:Hard Bop
1167:DownBeat
974:hard bop
866:Ron Wynn
648:hard bop
530:DownBeat
525:—
369:hard bop
148:Musician
123:hard bop
37:Blakey,
3982:Related
3886:(1954)*
3567:Not Yet
3463:Buhaina
3359:Caravan
3311:Moanin'
2621:July 2,
2533:YouTube
1863:pbs.org
1414:Moanin'
748:Caravan
582:Hamburg
231:Website
3974:(1990)
3966:(1981)
3958:(1966)
3950:(1963)
3942:(1962)
3934:(1959)
3926:(1958)
3918:(1957)
3910:(1957)
3902:(1954)
3899:Vol. 3
3897:&
3895:Vol. 2
3883:Blakey
3865:(1960)
3857:(1959)
3846:albums
3836:(1982)
3828:(1981)
3820:(1979)
3817:Pisces
3812:(1957)
3804:(1956)
3796:(1956)
3785:albums
3775:(1989)
3767:(1985)
3759:(1982)
3751:(1981)
3743:(1981)
3735:(1981)
3727:(1980)
3719:(1978)
3711:(1970)
3703:(1966)
3695:(1963)
3692:Ugetsu
3687:(1962)
3679:(1961)
3671:(1960)
3663:(1960)
3655:(1960)
3647:(1959)
3639:(1959)
3631:(1957)
3623:(1956)
3615:(1956)
3604:albums
3594:(1990)
3586:(1990)
3578:(1988)
3570:(1988)
3562:(1986)
3554:(1985)
3546:(1984)
3538:(1981)
3530:(1979)
3522:(1979)
3514:(1978)
3506:(1978)
3498:(1977)
3490:(1976)
3482:(1975)
3474:(1973)
3466:(1973)
3458:(1972)
3450:(1970)
3442:(1969)
3434:(1967)
3426:(1966)
3423:Tough!
3418:(1965)
3410:(1965)
3402:(1965)
3394:(1964)
3386:(1964)
3378:(1964)
3370:(1964)
3362:(1963)
3354:(1963)
3346:(1962)
3343:Mosaic
3338:(1961)
3330:(1961)
3322:(1960)
3314:(1959)
3306:(1958)
3298:(1958)
3290:(1957)
3282:(1957)
3279:Cu-Bop
3274:(1957)
3266:(1957)
3263:Ritual
3258:(1957)
3250:(1956)
3239:albums
3237:Studio
2781:
2652:
2481:
2208:May 9,
2172:(2001)
2125:
2100:
2069:
1953:
1800:
1732:
1609:
1562:
1525:(1961)
1517:(1961)
1509:(1960)
1501:(1959)
1493:(1959)
1485:(1959)
1477:(1959)
1469:(1959)
1461:(1958)
1453:(1958)
1445:(1958)
1437:(1958)
1427:(1958)
1417:(1958)
1409:(1957)
1398:(1957)
1391:(1957)
1383:(1957)
1380:Cu-Bop
1375:(1957)
1367:(1957)
1359:(1957)
1349:(1957)
1341:(1957)
1338:Ritual
1333:(1956)
1325:(1956)
1317:(1956)
1309:(1955)
1301:(1955)
1293:(1954)
1289:Blakey
1283:(1954)
1273:(1954)
1263:(1954)
1253:(1952)
1211:(2001)
1205:Moanin
1190:(1984)
1174:(1981)
1160:Awards
1152:, and
1049:Qur'an
1041:Ahmadi
1018:boxing
999:Chrono
965:Legacy
737:, and
643:life.
604:, and
476:Boston
433:Career
359:, and
283:, and
207:Labels
111:Genres
106:, U.S.
3383:Kyoto
2673:Imgur
1077:Death
1037:Islam
914:bebop
656:blues
487:bebop
262:Islam
165:Drums
128:bebop
3602:Live
2862:2014
2837:2014
2811:2016
2790:2019
2779:ISSN
2680:2023
2650:ISBN
2623:2023
2597:2010
2519:2014
2479:ISBN
2451:2010
2428:2014
2297:2011
2268:2024
2242:2014
2210:2020
2154:2014
2123:ISBN
2098:ISBN
2067:ISBN
2042:2014
2017:2014
1992:2014
1951:ISBN
1927:2014
1870:2014
1836:2014
1798:ISBN
1768:2014
1730:ISBN
1694:2018
1668:2015
1641:2014
1607:ISBN
1560:ISBN
1235:bold
1005:Xeno
1002:and
951:Jazz
908:and
900:and
853:and
817:and
752:and
719:and
705:and
687:Umeå
662:and
638:for
546:and
509:and
454:and
271:and
254:jazz
238:.com
183:Solo
118:Jazz
94:Died
74:Born
652:bop
458:".
415:in
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