919:
470:. Before the election, Nazi stormtroopers unleashed an extensive campaign of violence against e.g. members of the Communist Party, trade unions and the SPD. As party leader of the SPD and former war opponent and member of Spartacus League, there were rumors after the election that Crispien was high on
397:, which was approved by the USPD, he was dismissed from the government. On 12 January 1919 he was elected to the WĂĽrttemberg state parliament, but resigned in April 1919 after being elected party co-chairman and member of the Executive Committee of the USPD together with
302:
students. They developed a close friendship that lasted until her death in 1919. He was sent in 1912 to
Stuttgart to become editor-in-chief of the party paper Schwäbischen Tagwacht. He became part of the innermost circle of the SPD's left wing, which was then called the
342:. Karl Liebknecht was the only MP from the SPD to vote against the party line. Crispien openly showed his support for him and was dismissed as editor-in-chief of the Schwäbische Tageswacht and came into conflict with
447:
In 1922, the USPD and MSP were reunited and the SPD was re-formed. Crispien was a Member of
Reichstag for the SPD from 1922 and co-led the party from 1922 to 1933. From 1923 he was a delegate to the
31:
1302:
462:
appointed Hitler as
Chancellor, who immediately urged the dissolution of the Reichstag and the calling of new elections. Crispien was the SPD's main candidate in the
385:, KPD, was formed in December 1918 by Luxemburg and Liebknecht, Crispien remained in the USPD bloc. After the revolution, Crispien became a member of the Provisional
1297:
697:
Krause, Hartfrid. Arthur
Crispien. Vom Spartakusanhänger zum sozialdemokratischen Reformsozialisten. Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 2022, ISBN 978-3-89691-079-0
661:
Krause, Hartfrid. Arthur
Crispien. Vom Spartakusanhänger zum sozialdemokratischen Reformsozialisten. Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 2022, ISBN 978-3-89691-079-0
581:
Krause, Hartfrid. Arthur
Crispien. Vom Spartakusanhänger zum sozialdemokratischen Reformsozialisten. Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 2022, ISBN 978-3-89691-079-0
566:
Krause, Hartfrid. Arthur
Crispien. Vom Spartakusanhänger zum sozialdemokratischen Reformsozialisten. Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 2022, ISBN 978-3-89691-079-0
1272:
1372:
1292:
644:
1307:
441:
1342:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1312:
1250:
632:
Arthur
Crispien. Vom Spartakusanhänger zum sozialdemokratischen Reformsozialisten. Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 2022, ISBN 978-3-89691-079-0
617:
Arthur
Crispien. Vom Spartakusanhänger zum sozialdemokratischen Reformsozialisten. Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 2022, ISBN 978-3-89691-079-0
455:
1160:
417:
358:
247:
191:
65:
1362:
1352:
366:
873:
861:
538:
1128:
266:(modern Kaliningrad, Russia) to August and Franziska Crispien. He worked as a house and stage painter in Königsberg and joined the
386:
46:
1367:
1287:
736:
726:
1347:
1337:
1317:
1150:
918:
421:
373:. Despite his closeness to above all Rosa Luxemburg, he began to take steps away from the Spartacists. In November 1918,
1357:
777:
767:
463:
448:
378:
267:
251:
236:
186:
84:
548:
436:. Crispien now became a target for the German Communists and the Communist International who portrayed the USPD as "
365:, was formed by people from the left wing of the SPD. The remaining SPD took during this time the party designation
389:
Government as Vice-President in 1918 and was
Minister of the Interior in the Provisional State Government under
410:
406:
351:
243:
103:
680:
433:
382:
745:
1158:
809:
797:
346:
who later became the first president of the Weimar Republic. He illegally published the newspaper
1143:
730:
1102:
760:
498:
409:
in 1920 and as Foreign Policy Spokesman for the USPD. He successfully co-led the USPD in the
196:
1282:
1277:
1066:
1042:
8:
849:
676:
600:
459:
394:
331:
279:
1034:
1246:
1240:
1136:
1050:
1002:
753:
544:
350:(The Social Democrat) and was imprisoned for some months. He was conscripted in the
1226:
1026:
1018:
986:
475:
312:
1010:
596:
270:(SPD) in 1894. He worked for a Health insurance fund and became the editor of the
1216:
978:
845:
837:
402:
343:
316:
250:, USPD, from 1920 - 1922. He was co-chairman and member of the Reichstag for the
1212:
1196:
710:
30:
1236:
1230:
1206:
1176:
1114:
1074:
471:
467:
437:
299:
291:(1912–1914). In 1906 to 1912 Crispien was the regional Chairman of the SPD in
1266:
1090:
1082:
801:
413:
when the party received 18% of the vote and became the second largest party.
335:
298:
In 1909 he was sent to the SPD party school in Berlin where he became one of
323:. During that period he was seen as Spartacus' representative in Stuttgart.
263:
152:
1110:
1098:
994:
821:
813:
494:
390:
320:
292:
156:
513:
486:
327:
176:
1186:
1172:
953:
945:
905:
833:
825:
398:
374:
775:
1058:
941:
901:
885:
869:
857:
429:
288:
502:
354:
in 1916. He was sent to the Western Front but managed to desert.
482:
440:". From 1921 Crispien was a member of the executive board of the
927:
490:
432:. He was critical to the idea of a merger of the USPD with the
275:
124:
425:
481:
Crispien managed to flee the country and went into exile to
474:
list and that they wanted to arrest him and hang him at the
509:
172:
501:. He was a delegate at the refugee conference of 1945 at
493:. Crispien supported political and Jewish refugees from
235:(4 November 1875 – 29 November 1946) was a German
45:
Minister of Interior and Deputy Prime Minister of the
1303:Social Democratic Party of Switzerland politicians
540:Biographical dictionary of European labor leaders
422:2nd World Congress of the Communist International
1264:
442:International Working Union of Socialist Parties
1298:Independent Social Democratic Party politicians
1273:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
1161:Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
363:Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
248:Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
66:Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
1144:
761:
371:Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany
1373:Emigrants from Nazi Germany to Switzerland
1219:(October 1920-December 1920, Left faction)
1209:(October 1920-January 1922, Right faction)
1151:
1137:
768:
754:
464:elections to the Reichstag on March 5 1933
393:until 10 January 1919. After an attempted
29:
1293:Politicians from the Province of Prussia
677:94.12344&modus=&t_long Biography
377:, the last German emperor abdicated and
59:November 1918 – 10 January 1919
1308:Leaders of political parties in Germany
428:'s conditions for participation in the
315:, and which was led by Rosa Luxemburg,
1265:
532:
530:
528:
1132:
749:
592:
590:
242:He was co-chairman and member of the
1363:German Army personnel of World War I
672:
670:
536:
466:, which was held six days after the
416:In 1920, he led a delegation of the
525:
381:broke out in the streets. When the
13:
1343:Members of the Reichstag 1932–1933
1333:Members of the Reichstag 1930–1932
1328:Members of the Reichstag 1928–1930
1323:Members of the Reichstag 1924–1928
1313:Members of the Reichstag 1920–1924
778:Social Democratic Party of Germany
739:in the Reichstag Members Database
711:"Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz"
694:
658:
629:
614:
587:
578:
563:
449:Labour and Socialist International
268:Social Democratic Party of Germany
252:Social Democratic Party of Germany
85:Social Democratic Party of Germany
47:Free People's State of WĂĽrttemberg
14:
1384:
1353:Interior ministers of WĂĽrttemberg
720:
667:
917:
543:. Greenwood Press. p. 228.
516:, on 29 November 1946, aged 71.
491:Social Democratic Party in Exile
405:saw him elected a Member of the
334:of the SPD on voting for German
703:
688:
357:In 1917, the SPD split and the
1368:German prisoners and detainees
652:
638:
623:
608:
572:
557:
1:
1348:Members of the Reichstag 1933
1338:Members of the Reichstag 1932
1318:Members of the Reichstag 1924
519:
311:, but which later became the
16:German politician (1875–1946)
1199:(November 1919-October 1920)
257:
7:
1288:Politicians from Königsberg
1253:(End of 1923-November 1931)
1233:(January 1922-October 1922)
497:and became a member of the
411:1920 parliamentary election
338:and was dismissed from the
254:, SPD, from 1922 to 1933.
10:
1389:
1243:(October 1922-End of 1923)
1189:(March 1919-November 1919)
681:Friedrich Ebert Foundation
458:commenced, when President
383:Communist Party of Germany
78:March 1919 – 1922
1358:German anti-war activists
1168:
965:
926:
915:
784:
454:On January 30, 1933, the
272:Königsberger Volkszeitung
226:
218:
210:
202:
182:
162:
139:
134:
130:
120:
109:
101:
90:
82:
71:
63:
52:
44:
40:
28:
21:
537:Lane, A. Thomas (1995).
1179:(April 1917-March 1919)
731:German National Library
395:coup by the Spartacists
309:the International Group
35:Arthur Crispien in 1931
1103:Norbert Walter-Borjans
424:but refused to accept
189:(1894–1917, 1922–1933)
499:Swiss Socialist Party
456:Nazi seizure of power
305:Gruppe Internationale
262:Crispien was born in
197:Swiss Socialist Party
401:in early March. The
340:Schwäbische Tagwacht
285:Schwäbische Tagwacht
283:(1906–1912) and the
850:Philipp Scheidemann
601:Deutsche Biographie
489:, representing the
460:Paul von Hindenburg
332:Burgfriedenspolitik
326:At the outbreak of
222:painter, journalist
1247:Theodor Liebknecht
1241:Theodor Liebknecht
695:Krause, Hartfrid.
659:Krause, Hartfrid.
645:Reichstag database
630:Krause, Hartfrid.
615:Krause, Hartfrid.
579:Krause, Hartfrid.
564:Krause, Hartfrid.
348:Der Sozialdemokrat
1260:
1259:
1163:(USPD), 1917–1931
1126:
1125:
1067:Franz MĂĽntefering
1051:Matthias Platzeck
1043:Franz MĂĽntefering
1003:Hans-Jochen Vogel
933:(1933–1945)
789:(1890–1933)
508:Crispien died in
274:(1904–1906), the
237:Social Democratic
230:
229:
1380:
1227:Wilhelm Dittmann
1159:Chairmen of the
1153:
1146:
1139:
1130:
1129:
1119:
1107:
1095:
1087:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1035:Gerhard Schröder
1031:
1027:Oskar Lafontaine
1023:
1019:Rudolf Scharping
1015:
1007:
999:
991:
987:Erich Ollenhauer
983:
972:
971:
958:
950:
935:
934:
921:
910:
894:
882:
866:
854:
842:
830:
818:
806:
791:
790:
776:Chairmen of the
770:
763:
756:
747:
746:
742:
715:
714:
707:
701:
700:
692:
686:
685:
674:
665:
664:
656:
650:
649:
642:
636:
635:
627:
621:
620:
612:
606:
605:
594:
585:
584:
576:
570:
569:
561:
555:
554:
534:
476:Brandenburg Gate
313:Spartacus League
300:Rosa Luxemburg's
169:
166:29 November 1946
149:
147:
135:Personal details
114:
95:
83:Chairman of the
76:
64:Chairman of the
57:
33:
19:
18:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1223:Arthur Crispien
1217:Adolph Hoffmann
1203:Arthur Crispien
1193:Arthur Crispien
1183:Arthur Crispien
1164:
1157:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1105:
1093:
1085:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1053:
1045:
1037:
1029:
1021:
1013:
1005:
997:
989:
981:
979:Kurt Schumacher
969:
968:
967:
961:
956:
948:
932:
931:
930:
922:
913:
908:
898:Arthur Crispien
892:
890:Arthur Crispien
880:
878:Arthur Crispien
864:
852:
846:Friedrich Ebert
840:
838:Friedrich Ebert
828:
816:
804:
788:
787:
786:
780:
774:
740:
737:Arthur Crispien
727:Arthur Crispien
723:
718:
709:
708:
704:
693:
689:
683:
675:
668:
657:
653:
647:
643:
639:
628:
624:
613:
609:
603:
595:
588:
577:
573:
562:
558:
551:
535:
526:
522:
344:Friedrich Ebert
330:he opposed the
317:Karl Liebknecht
260:
233:Arthur Crispien
195:
190:
183:Political party
171:
167:
151:
150:4 November 1875
145:
143:
115:
110:
96:
91:
77:
72:
58:
53:
36:
24:
23:Arthur Crispien
17:
12:
11:
5:
1386:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1244:
1237:Georg Ledebour
1234:
1231:Georg Ledebour
1220:
1210:
1207:Georg Ledebour
1200:
1190:
1180:
1177:Georg Ledebour
1169:
1166:
1165:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1118:(2021–present)
1115:Lars Klingbeil
1108:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1075:Sigmar Gabriel
1072:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1040:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1000:
992:
984:
975:
973:
963:
962:
960:
959:
951:
938:
936:
924:
923:
916:
914:
912:
911:
895:
883:
867:
855:
843:
831:
819:
807:
794:
792:
782:
781:
773:
772:
765:
758:
750:
744:
743:
734:
722:
721:External links
719:
717:
716:
702:
687:
666:
651:
637:
622:
607:
586:
571:
556:
549:
523:
521:
518:
468:Reichstag fire
438:social fascist
259:
256:
228:
227:
224:
223:
220:
216:
215:
212:
208:
207:
206:Berta Ranglack
204:
200:
199:
184:
180:
179:
170:(aged 71)
164:
160:
159:
141:
137:
136:
132:
131:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
107:
106:
102:Member of the
99:
98:
88:
87:
80:
79:
69:
68:
61:
60:
50:
49:
42:
41:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1385:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1252:
1251:Elsa Wiegmann
1248:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1092:
1091:Andrea Nahles
1089:
1084:
1083:Martin Schulz
1081:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1033:
1028:
1025:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1011:Björn Engholm
1009:
1004:
1001:
996:
993:
988:
985:
980:
977:
976:
974:
964:
955:
952:
947:
943:
940:
939:
937:
929:
925:
920:
907:
903:
899:
896:
891:
887:
884:
879:
875:
874:Herman MĂĽller
871:
868:
863:
862:Herman MĂĽller
859:
856:
851:
847:
844:
839:
835:
832:
827:
823:
820:
815:
811:
808:
803:
802:Alwin Gerisch
799:
796:
795:
793:
783:
779:
771:
766:
764:
759:
757:
752:
751:
748:
738:
735:
732:
728:
725:
724:
712:
706:
698:
691:
682:
678:
673:
671:
662:
655:
646:
641:
633:
626:
618:
611:
602:
598:
593:
591:
582:
575:
567:
560:
552:
550:0-313-29899-8
546:
542:
541:
533:
531:
529:
524:
517:
515:
511:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
301:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
255:
253:
249:
245:
240:
239:politician.
238:
234:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
198:
193:
188:
185:
181:
178:
174:
165:
161:
158:
154:
142:
138:
133:
129:
126:
123:
119:
113:
108:
105:
100:
94:
89:
86:
81:
75:
70:
67:
62:
56:
51:
48:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
1222:
1213:Ernst Däumig
1202:
1197:Ernst Däumig
1192:
1182:
1111:Saskia Esken
1099:Saskia Esken
995:Willy Brandt
970:(since 1945)
928:SPD-in-exile
897:
889:
877:
822:August Bebel
814:August Bebel
713:(in German).
705:
696:
690:
660:
654:
640:
631:
625:
616:
610:
580:
574:
565:
559:
539:
507:
495:Nazi Germany
480:
453:
446:
415:
391:Wilhelm Blos
370:
362:
356:
347:
339:
325:
321:Clara Zetkin
308:
304:
297:
293:West Prussia
284:
278:
271:
261:
241:
232:
231:
168:(1946-11-29)
157:East Prussia
121:Constituency
111:
92:
73:
54:
1283:1946 deaths
1278:1875 births
1038:(1999–2004)
817:(1892–1911)
810:Paul Singer
798:Paul Singer
741:(in German)
684:(in German)
648:(in German)
604:(in German)
514:Switzerland
487:Switzerland
387:WĂĽrttemberg
352:German Army
336:war credits
328:World War I
194:(1917–1922)
177:Switzerland
1267:Categories
1187:Hugo Haase
1173:Hugo Haase
954:Hans Vogel
946:Hans Vogel
906:Hans Vogel
834:Hugo Haase
826:Hugo Haase
520:References
485:and later
403:Weimar era
399:Hugo Haase
379:revolution
375:Wilhelm II
280:Volkswacht
264:Königsberg
219:Occupation
153:Königsberg
146:1875-11-04
1106:(2019–21)
1094:(2018–19)
1086:(2017–18)
1078:(2009–17)
1070:(2008–09)
1062:(2006–08)
1059:Kurt Beck
1054:(2005–06)
1046:(2004–05)
1030:(1995–99)
1022:(1993–95)
1006:(1987–91)
998:(1964–87)
990:(1953–63)
982:(1945–52)
957:(1939–45)
949:(1933–39)
942:Otto Wels
909:(1931–33)
902:Otto Wels
893:(1928–31)
886:Otto Wels
881:(1922–28)
870:Otto Wels
865:(1919–22)
858:Otto Wels
853:(1917–19)
841:(1913–16)
829:(1911–13)
805:(1890–92)
733:catalogue
597:Biography
430:Comintern
407:Reichstag
289:Stuttgart
258:Biography
244:Reichstag
116:1920–1933
112:In office
104:Reichstag
97:1922–1933
93:In office
74:In office
55:In office
1014:(1991–93
503:Montreux
246:for the
211:Children
729:in the
483:Austria
420:to the
1113:&
1101:&
944:&
904:&
900:&
888:&
876:&
872:&
860:&
836:&
824:&
812:&
800:&
547:
369:, the
361:, the
276:Danzig
203:Spouse
125:Berlin
426:Lenin
545:ISBN
510:Bern
472:SA's
451:.
444:.
418:USPD
367:MSPD
359:USPD
319:and
192:USPD
173:Bern
163:Died
140:Born
966:SPD
785:SPD
679:at
599:at
478:.
434:KPD
287:in
187:SPD
1269::
848:/
669:^
589:^
527:^
512:,
505:.
307:,
295:.
175:,
155:,
1249:/
1239:/
1229:/
1225:/
1215:/
1205:/
1195:/
1185:/
1175:/
1152:e
1145:t
1138:v
769:e
762:t
755:v
699:.
663:.
634:.
619:.
583:.
568:.
553:.
214:3
148:)
144:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
