Arthur Evans - Knowledge

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her eyes by a hostile police agent. Evans was expelled from the country. Gladstone had been apprised of the situation immediately, but, as far as the public knew, did nothing. The government in Vienna similarly disavowed any knowledge of or connection to the actions of the local authorities. The Evans returned home to rent a house in Oxford, abandoning their villa, which became a hotel. However, Evans's reputation among the Slavs assumed unassailable proportions. He was invited later to play a role in the formation of the pre-Yugoslav state. In 1941 the government of Yugoslavia sent representatives to his funeral.

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concentrate on writing up his Minoan work. In 1912 he refused the opportunity to become president of the Society of Antiquaries, a position which his father had already held. But in 1914 at the age of 63, when he was too old to take part in the War, he took on the presidency of the Antiquaries which carried with it an ex officio appointment as a Trustee of the British Museum and he spent the War successfully fighting the War Office who wanted to commandeer the museum for the Air Board. He thus played a major role in the history of the British Museum as well as in the history of the Ashmolean Museum.

1183:. He took a combative stance in his journalism, criticising the Ottoman Empire for its 'corruption' and the British empire for 'collaborating with the Ottomans.' Many officials of that empire had been Greek. Now they were working with the British to build a Cretan government. Evans accused these officials of being part of "the Turco-British regime". He deplored religiously motivated violence, be it from Muslims or Christians. His critical journalism caused friction with the local administration, and he was forced to call on friends higher up in the government to avoid problems. 423:. They competed for the Natural History Prize; the outcome was a draw. They were both highly athletic, including riding and swimming, and also mountain-climbing, at which Balfour was killed later in life. Evans was near-sighted, but refused to wear glasses. His close-up vision was better than normal, enabling him to see detail missed by others. Farther away his field of vision was blurry and he compensated by carrying a cane, which he called Prodger, to explore the environment. His wit was very sharp, too sharp for the administration, which stopped a periodical he had started, 809: 436: 557:, who had spent some years in Britain, and was a friend of Green. The study would be preparatory to doing research in modern history at Göttingen. The arrangement may have been meant as a remedial plan. On the way to Göttingen, Evans was sidetracked, unpropitiously for the modern history plan, by some illegal excavations at Trier. He had noticed that the tombs were being plundered surreptitiously. For the sake of preserving some artefacts, he hired a crew, performed such hasty excavations as he could, crated the material and sent it home to John. 1108:, to acquire the site. The owners would not sell to individuals, who could not afford it, but they would sell to a fund. Apparently Evans did not bother to explain that he was the only contributor. He bought 1/4 of the site with first option to buy the rest later. The firman was still in deficit. Politics in Crete were taking a violent turn however. Anything might happen. Evans returned to London to wind up his affairs there and make sure the Ashmolean had suitable direction in the event of his further absence. 287: 947:, near Oxford. He wanted to buy 60 acres to build a home for Margaret on the hill. She approved the location, so he convinced his father to put up the money. Then he had the tops of the pines cut, eight feet from the ground, on which he had built a platform and a log cabin to serve as a temporary quarters while the mansion was being built. His intent was to keep her from the cold, damp ground. Apparently she never lived there. They were away again for the winter, Margaret to winter with her sister in 940:

March 1892. Always of precarious health, he had heard that Spain had a salubrious climate. Travelling there to test the hypothesis and perhaps improve his physical condition, he contracted smallpox and was gone in a few days. His oldest daughter did not survive him long. Always of precarious health herself – she is said to have had tuberculosis – she was too weak to prepare her father's papers for publication, so she delegated the task to a family friend, Reverend William Stephens.

1315:. As some of them are now missing, the transcriptions are the only source of the marks on the tablets. He perceived that the scripts were two different and mutually exclusive writing systems, which later he termed into Linear A and Linear B. The A script appeared to have preceded the B. Evans dated the Linear B Chariot Tablets, so called from their depictions of chariots, at Knossos to immediately prior to the catastrophic Minoan civilisation collapse of the 15th century BC. 55: 886:. Already the great frontage building had been erected. Evans took it in the direction of being an archaeology museum. He insisted the artefacts be transferred back to the museum, negotiated for and succeeded in acquiring Fortnum's collections, later gave his father's collections to the museum, and finally, bequeathed his own Minoan collections, not without the intended effect. Today it has the finest Minoan assemblages outside Crete. Evans gave the 744:

walled enclosure ... was finally blown in, and the defenders laid down their arms, understanding, it would appear, that their lives were to be spared. Men, women and children, they were all led forth to the church of St. Sophia, which lies on a hill about half an hour above the village, and then and there dispatched—the men cut to pieces, the women and children shot. A young girl who had fainted, and was left for dead, alone lived to tell the tale.

3368: 1122: 1370: 1042: 3356: 823: 3112:. Vol. IV Part II: Camp-stool Fresco, long-robed priests and beneficent genii, Chryselephantine Boy-God and ritual hair-offering, Intaglio Types, M.M. III – L. M. II, late hoards of sealings, deposits of inscribed tablets and the palace stores, Linear Script B and its mainland extension, Closing Palatial Phase, Room of Throne and final catastrophe. Archived from 476:, already in a state of political tension. They crossed borders illegally at high altitudes, "revolvers at the ready." This was Arthur's first encounter with Turkish people and customs. He bought a set of clothes of a wealthy Turkish man, complete with red fez, baggy trousers and embroidered, short-sleeved tunic. His detailed, enthusiastic account was published in 376:(1853) and Philip Norman (1854), and two sisters, Harriet (1857) and Alice (1858). He would remain on excellent terms with all of them all of his life. He was raised by a stepmother, Fanny (Frances), née Phelps, with whom he also got along very well. She had no children of her own and also predeceased her husband. John's third wife was a classical scholar, 1096:. The Ottoman method of stalling was to require any would-be excavators to buy the site from its native owners first. The owners in turn were coached to charge so much money that none would think it worthwhile to apply in such uncertain circumstances. Even the wealthy Schliemann had given up on the price in 1890 and had gone home to die in that year. 357:, geology and archaeology. His interest in geology came from an assignment by the company to study the diminishing water resources in the area with a view toward protecting the company from lawsuits. The mill consumed large amounts of water, which was also needed for the canals. He became an expert and a legal consultant. John became a distinguished 1061:. Finally he returned to live a hermit-like existence in the cabin he had built for her. The Ashmolean no longer interested him. He complained to Fortnum in a late, childish display of sibling rivalry, that his father had had another child, his half-sister Joan. After a year of grief the mounting tension in Crete began to attract his interest. 680:

mayor, offered the jailer a bribe for food and water, but went into the cell unfed and without water. Meanwhile, the incident came to attention of Dr Makanetz, leader of the National Party of the Croatian Assembly, who happened to be in Brod. The next day he complained to the mayor. Evans and his brother were released with profuse apologies.

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some minor papers, he had also discovered the script on some other jewellery that came to the museum from Myres in Crete. He announced that he had concluded to a Mycenaean hieroglyphic script of about 60 characters. Shortly he wrote to his friend and patron at the Ashmolean, Charles Fortnum, that he was "very restless" and must go to Crete.

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officers insisted and, interrupting the chief at dinner, Evans suggested he should have come to the hotel in person to request the passports. The chief, in a somewhat less than civil manner, won the argument about whether he had the right to check the passports of Englishmen by inviting them to spend the night in a cell.

728:. He also visited the Freemans in Sarajevo whenever he could. A relationship with Freeman's eldest daughter, Margaret, had begun to blossom. In 1878 the Russians compelled a settlement of the conflict on appeal by the Serbs. The Ottomans ceded Bosnia and Herzegovina to the Austro-Hungarian Empire as a protectorate. 760:

as an improvement over Ottoman. He wrote: "The people are treated not as a liberated but as a conquered and inferior race...." The Evans's sentiments were followed by acts of personal charity: they took in an orphan, invited a blind woman to dinner every night. Finally Evans wrote some public letters

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They crossed the Sava into Bosnia, which Evans found so different that he regarded the Sava as the border between Europe and Asia. After a number of interviews with Turkish officials who attempted to dissuade them from travel on foot, the passport from the pasha prevailed. They were given an escort –

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built for the purpose near the mill, which came to be called the "red house" because it lacked the sooty patina of the other houses. Harriet called her husband "Jack." Grandmother Evans called Arthur "darling Trot," asserting in a note that, compared to his father, he was "a bit of a dunce." In 1856,

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Evans travelled widely in his reporting. He saw that the Muslim population was now on the decline, some being massacred, and some abandoning the island. One of the episodes he reported on was a massacre at Eteà. The Muslim villagers had been attacked by Christians in the night. They sought refuge in

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Göttingen was not to Evans's liking. His quarters were stuffy, and the topics were of little interest to him, as he had already demonstrated. His letters speak mainly of the discrepancy between the poor peasants of the countryside and the institution of the wealthy in the town. His thinking was of a

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His summertime activities with his brothers and friends were perhaps more important to his subsequent career. Having been given an ample allowance by his father, he went looking for adventure on the continent, seeking out circumstances that might be considered dangerous by some. In June 1871, he and

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stirring up further insurrection. His journalistic sources were not acceptable friendships to the authorities. He spent six weeks in prison awaiting trial, but at the trial nothing definitive could be proved. His wife was interrogated. She found most offensive the reading of her love letters before

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In 1878, Evans proposed to Margaret Freeman, three years his senior, an educated and literate woman, and until now secretary for her father. The offer was accepted, to everyone's great satisfaction. Freeman spoke affectionately of his future son-in-law. The couple were married near the Freeman home

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to try to quell it. Despite subsequent events, there is no evidence that the young Evans might have had ulterior motives at this time, despite the fact that Butler had helped to educate half the government of the United Kingdom. He was simply an adventurous young man bored with poring through books

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Arthur John Evans graduated from Oxford at the age of 24 in 1874, but his career had come near to foundering during the final examinations on modern history. Despite his extensive knowledge of ancient history, classics, archaeology and what would be termed today cultural anthropology, he apparently

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River, they were observed by an officer who saw their sketches and concluded they might be Russian spies. Politely invited by two other officers to join the police chief and produce passports, Evans replied, "Tell him that we are Englishmen and are not accustomed to being treated in this way". The

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had just concluded the month before. Arthur had been told at the French border to remove the dark cape he was wearing so that he would not be shot for a spy. Amiens was occupied by the Prussian army. Arthur found them prosaic and preoccupied with souvenir-hunting. He and Lewis hunted for stone-age

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In 1894, Evans became intrigued by the idea that the script engraved on the stones he had purchased before Margaret's death might be Cretan, and steamed off to Heraklion to join the circle of watchers. During his year of tending to the details of Youlbury, administering the Ashmolean, and writing

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In 1893, Evans's way of life as a married, middling archaeologist, puttering around the Ashmolean, and travelling extensively and perpetually on holiday with his beloved Margaret, came to an abrupt end, leaving emotional devastation in its wake and changing the course of his life. Freeman died in

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But the most deliberate act of extermination was that perpetrated at Eteà. In this small village, too, the Moslem inhabitants, including the women and children, had taken refuge in the mosque, which the men defended for a while. The building itself is a solid structure, but the door of the small

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In 1840, instead of going to college, John started work in the mill owned by his maternal uncle, John Dickinson. He married his first cousin, Harriet, in 1850, which entitled him, in 1851, to a junior partnership in the family business. Profits from the mill would help fund Arthur's excavations,

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by Greek forces. In September 1898, the last of the Turkish troops withdrew from Crete. Their withdrawal did not however presage peace, and religious violence against the Muslim minority ensued. The British Army forbade travel for any reason with checkpoints set up to enforce this. Despite this

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On the way to the holding cell the two young men were followed by a large crowd, whom Evans lost no opportunity to harangue, even though they understood only German. He threatened the authorities in the name of the British fleet, which, he asserted, would sail up the Sava river. He demanded the

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Syracusan "medallions" and their engravers in the light of recent finds, with observations on the chronology and historical occasions of the Syracusan coin-types of the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. And an essay on some new artists' signatures on Sicilian coins (reprinted from the Numismatic

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All the excavations at Knossos were done on leave of absence from the museum. "While the Keeper's salary was not generous, the conditions of residence were very liberal ... the keeper could and should travel to secure new acquisitions". But in 1908 at the age of 57 he resigned his position to

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hired him as a correspondent, sending him back to the Balkans in 1877. He reported on the suppression of the Christian insurrectionists by the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire, and yet was treated by that empire as though he were an ambassador, despite his anti-Turkish sentiments. His older

753:, Somerset, at the parish church. They took up residence in a Venetian villa Evans had purchased in Ragusa, Casa San Lazzaro, on the bluffs overlooking the Adriatic. One of their first tasks was to create a garden there. They lived happily, Evans pursuing his journalistic career, until 1882. 1258:

By 1903, most of the palace was excavated, bringing to light an advanced city containing artwork and many examples of writing. Painted on the walls of the palace were numerous scenes depicting bulls, leading Evans to conclude that the Minoans did indeed worship the bull. In 1905 he finished

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Now that the restriction of the Ottoman firman was removed, there was a great rush on the part of all the other archaeologists to obtain first permission to dig from the new Cretan government. They soon found that Evans had a monopoly. Using the Cretan Exploration Fund, now being swollen by

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Arriving in Heraklion he did not join his friends immediately, but took the opportunity to examine the excavations at Knossos. Seeing the sign of the double axe almost immediately he knew that he was at the home of the script. He used the Cretan Exploration Fund, devised on the model of the

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Evans and his wife moved back to Oxford, renting a house there in January 1883. This period of unemployment was the only one of his life; he employed himself finishing up his Balkan studies. He completed his articles on Roman roads and cities there. It was suggested that he apply to a new

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a mosque. The next day they were promised clemency if they would disarm themselves. Handing over their weapons, they were lined up, having been told they were to be re-settled. Instead, they were shot, the only survivor being a small girl who had a cape thrown over her to conceal her.

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Margaret was buried in the English cemetery at Alassio. Her epitaph says, in part, "Her bright, energetic spirit, undaunted by suffering to the last, and ever working for the welfare of those around her, made a short life long." Evans placed on the grave a wreath he wove himself of

863:, over housing his extensive collection, were being undercut by university administrators. In January 1884, Parker died. The museum was in the hands of its assistant keepers, one of whom, Edward Evans (no relation), was to be Arthur Evans' executive during Evans' extended absences. 525:"I am very sorry to have missed you, dear Freeman ... Little Evans – son of John Evans the great – has just come back from the Herzegovina which he reached by way of Lapland, having started from the Schools in excitement at the 'first' I wrung for him out of the obdurate Stubbs ..." 1360:

Evans had no better luck with Linear B, which turned out to be Greek. Despite decades of theories, Linear A has not been convincingly deciphered, nor even the language group identified. His classifications and careful transcriptions have been of great value to Mycenaean scholars.

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at Harrow, F. Rendall, had eased the way to his acceptance with the recommendation that he was "a boy of powerful original mind." At Brasenose he read Modern History, a new curriculum, which was nearly a disaster, as his main interests were in archaeology and classical studies.

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professorship of Classical Archaeology at Oxford. When he found out that Jowett and Newton were among the electors, he decided not to apply. He wrote to Freeman that to confine archaeology to classics was an absurdity. Instead he and Margaret travelled to Greece, seeking out

3097:. Vol. IV Part I: Emergence of outer western enceinte, with new illustrations, artistic and religious, of the Middle Minoan Phase, Chryselephantine "Lady of Sports", "Snake Room" and full story of the cult Late Minoan ceramic evolution and "Palace Style". Archived from 1224:" may be misleading; Knossos was an intricate collection of over 1000 interlocking rooms, some of which served as artisans' workrooms and food processing centres (e.g. wine presses). It served as a central storage point, and a religious and administrative centre. 966:, Italy she was overtaken by a severe attack. On 11 March 1893, after experiencing painful spasms for two hours, she died with Evans holding her hand, of an unknown disease, perhaps tuberculosis, although the symptoms fit a heart attack also. He was 42; she, 45. 2936:. Vol. I: The Hieroglyphic and Primitive Linear Classes: with an account of the discovery of the pre-Phoenician scripts, their place in the Minoan story and their Mediterranean relatives: with plates, tables and figures in the text. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 521:, that, in view of his special other knowledge and interests, and his father's "high standing in learned society", Evans should not only be passed, but receive a first-class degree. It was the topic of much jesting; Green wrote to Freeman on 11 November 1875: 1016:

To his father he wrote: "I do not think anyone can ever know what Margaret has been to me." He never married again. For the rest of his life he wrote on black-bordered stationery. He went ahead with the mansion he had planned to build for Margaret on

2811: 927:, remains the modern view, though the dating has been refined to the period after about 75 BC. His analysis of the site was still regarded as "an outstanding contribution to Iron Age studies" with "a masterly consideration of the metalwork" by Sir 489:, Finland, and Sweden. Everywhere he went he took copious anthropological notes and made numerous drawings of the people, places and artefacts. During the Christmas holidays of 1873, Evans catalogued a coin collection being bequeathed to Harrow by 855:, was in a chaotic state of transition. It had been a natural history museum, but the collections had been transferred to other museums. The lower floor housed some art and archaeology, but the upper floor was being used for university functions. 962:. The two shopped the flea markets looking for antiquities. Evans purchased some seal stones inscribed with a mysterious writing, said to have come from Crete. Then he met Margaret in Bordighera. The two started back to Athens, but en route, in 317:, the inventor and founder of Messrs John Dickinson, a paper mill. John Evans came from a family of men who were both educated and intellectually active but undistinguished by either wealth or aristocratic connection. His father, 1357:(Northwest Semitic) language. The Phoenician alphabet seamlessly continues the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, by convention called Phoenician from the mid-11th century, where it is first attested on inscribed bronze arrowheads. 866:

The strategy for the museum now was to convert it to an art and archaeology museum, expanding the remaining collections. In November 1883, Fortnum wrote to Evans asking for his assistance in locating some letters in the

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Junior and Senior. While Evans based the recreations on archaeological evidence, some of the best-known frescoes from the throne room were almost complete inventions of the Gilliérons, according to his critics.

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request. At the time of Evans' and Lewis' initial adventure, the Ottomans were still trying to lessen the threat of intervention by placating their neighbours. Evans sought and obtained permission to travel in

3052:. Vol. II Part I: Fresh lights on origins and external relations: the restoration in town and palace after seismic catastrophe towards close of M. M. III and the beginnings of the New Era. Archived from 2592:

Through Bosnia and the Herzegóvina on foot during the insurrection, August and September 1875; with an historical review of Bosnia and a glimpse at the Croats, Slavonians, and the ancient republic of Ragusa

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contributions from others, he paid off the debt for the land. Then he ordered stores from Britain. He hired two foremen, and they hired 32 diggers. He started work on the flower-covered hill in March 1900.

2847: 250:). Almost three decades later, Evans heard of Kalokairinos' discovery. With private funding he bought the surrounding rural area including the palace land. Sir Arthur began his own excavations in 1900. 2606:

Through Bosnia and the Herzegdvina on foot, during the insurrection, August and September 1875, with an historical review of Bosnia, and a glimpse at the Croats, Slavonians, and the ancient republic of

1220:, Evans employed a large staff of local labourers as excavators, and began work in 1900. Within a few months they had uncovered a substantial portion of what he called the Palace of Minos. The term " 529:

In the spring of 1875 he applied for the Archaeological Travelling Studentship offered by Oxford, but, as he says in a letter to Freeman later in life, he was turned down thanks to the efforts of

3082:. Vol. III: The great transitional age in the northern and eastern sections of the Palace: the most brilliant record of Minoan art and the evidences of an advanced religion. Archived from 384:, who would become an art historian. John died in 1908 at 85, when Arthur was 57. His close support and assistance had been indispensable in excavating and conceptualising Minoan civilisation. 3010:

The Palace of Minos: a comparative account of the successive stages of the early Cretan civilization as illustrated by the discoveries at Knossos (1921, 1928A, 1928B, 1930, 1935A, 1935B, 1936)

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Letters from Crete. Repr. from the "Manchester Guardian" of May 24, 25, and June 13, with notes on some official replies to questions asked with reference to the above in the House of Commons

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Illyrian letters: a revised selection of correspondence from the llllyrian provinces of Bosnia, Herzegdvina, Montenegro, Albania, Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia during the troubled year 1877

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Prince George was keen to avoid such massacres, and establish a functioning government on the island. In 1899 a cross-confessional government was established as part of a republican Crete.

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had not even read enough in his nominal subject to pass the required examination. He could answer no questions on topics later than the 12th century. He had convinced one of his examiners,

879:, because of their "lack of a properly informed and competent person as keeper." Evans had the right qualifications and took the position of keeper at the Ashmolean when it was offered. 1255:, a half-man half-bull creature that was the offspring of Minos's wife, Pasiphae, and a bull. Evans dubbed the civilisation once inhabiting this great palace the Minoan civilisation. 460:, where his father had excavated in 1866, adding some of the artefacts to his collection. Arthur had made himself familiar with these. Subsequently, they went on to Paris and then to 2864: 923:

or the Aylesford-Swarling culture, which included the first wheel-made pottery in Britain. Evans's conclusion that the site belonged to a culture closely related to the continental

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In 1884, therefore, Evans, at the age of 34, was appointed Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum. He held a grand inauguration at which he outlined his planned changes, publishing it as

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Cretan pictographs and prae-Phoenician script: with an account of a sepulchral deposit at Hagios Onouphrios near Phaestos in its relation to primitive Cretan and Aegean culture

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with Harriet's declining health and Jack's growing reputation and prosperity, they moved into Harriet's childhood home, a mansion with a garden, where the children ran free.

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Evans's continued stance in favour of native government led to a condition of unacceptability to the local regime within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He did not see

2714:"On a Late-Celtic urn-field at Aylesford, Kent, and on the Gaulish, Illyro-Italic, and Classical connexions of the forms of pottery and bronzework there discovered" 2697:"The "horsemen" of Tarentum. A contribution towards the numismatic history of Great Greece. Including an essay on artists', engravers', and magistrates' signatures" 4825: 3032: 3183:. Vol. II: The Archives of Knossos: clay tablets inscribed in linear script B: edited from notes, and supplemented by John L. Myres. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 3107: 3062: 3122: 3092: 3077: 3047: 2485: 724:

interests in antiquities continued. He collected portable artefacts, especially sealstones, at every opportunity, between sending back article after article to

4895: 4870: 4850: 4815: 2907:"The prehistoric tombs of Knossos: I. The cemetery of Zapher Papoura, with a comparative note on a chamber-tomb at Milatos. II. The Royal Tomb at Isopata" 4875: 4865: 875:. Unable to find the letters, Arthur Evans suggested Fortnum visit Oxford. Fortnum in fact was becoming dissatisfied with rivals for his collection, the 643:, loosely attached to the Ottoman military. Their notorious cruelty, which they practised against the natives, helped to turn the British Empire under 1080:

Archaeologists from the United States, Britain, France, Germany and Italy were in attendance at the site watching the progress, so to speak, of the "

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restorations at Knossos, and resulting publications. For the time being they were an unpretentious and affectionate family. They moved into a brick

4800: 1551: 1243:. The small ruin of Knossos spanned 5 acres (2.0 ha) and the palace had a maze-like quality that reminded Evans of the labyrinth described in 772: 2025: 1045:

A portion of Evans's reconstruction of the Minoan palace at Knossos. This is Bastion A at the North Entrance, noted for the Bull Fresco above it.

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Iron Age Communities in Britain, Fourth Edition: An Account of England, Scotland and Wales from the Seventh Century BC, Until the Roman Conquest

3140:ʻThe ring of Nestor;̓ a glimpse into the Minoan after-world, and a sepulchral treasure of gold signet-rings and bead-seals from Thisbê, Boeotia 1390: 1231:, Evans concluded that there was another civilisation on Crete that had existed before those brought to light by the adventurer-archaeologist 4038: 3506: 3406: 4795: 4790: 4785: 2875: 574:

in a career into which he had been pushed against his real interests. The real adventure, in his mind, was the revolution in the Balkans.

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placed over them. Some Ottoman troops were in the country in support of the beys, but mainly the beys were using irregular forces, the

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to make work for local out-of-work labourers. The mound and wild garden, with species from around the world, is now held by the

2984:"The 'Tomb of the Double Axes' and Associated Group, and the Pillar Rooms and Ritual Vessels of the 'Little Palace' at Knossos" 2580:

Evans, Arthur John (1871). "On a hoard of coins found at Oxford, with some remarks on the coinage of the first three Edwards".

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The details of the complicated and extensive negotiations for the Fortnum collection, at which Evans excelled, may be found in

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Essai de classification des Époques de la civilization minoenne: résumé d'un discours fait au Congrès d'Archéologie à Athènes

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The Ashmolean museum as a home of archæology in Oxford: an inaugural lecture given in the Ashmolean Museum, November 20, 1884

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The two brothers experienced little difficulty with either the Serbs or the Ottomans but they did provoke the neighbouring

609: 566: 506: 505:, of his talent. They were both published authors, they were both Gladstone liberals, and they were both interested in the 787:

correspondent said Serbia was the biggest threat to peace in the Balkans. This view was refuted by Evans, who stated that

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artefacts in the gravel quarries, Arthur remarking that he was glad the Prussians were not interested in flint artefacts.

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sites and for Neolithic remains in Ligurian caves. Then he revisited the locations of his youthful explorations in

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in Kent was excavated under the leadership of Evans, and published in 1890. With the later excavation by others at

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During excavations by Evans, he found 3000 clay tablets, which he transcribed and organised, publishing them in

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From 1894 until his death in 1941, Evans lived in his house, Youlbury, which has since been demolished. He had

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The villa sits on a bluff at the base of a ring of hills. Adjoining it a modern hotel towers over the scene.

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to excavate, and then not granting any. The Cretans were afraid of the Ottomans' removing any artefacts to

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that would help to validate a noted ring in his collection; he did so on the advice of John Evans of the

195: 151: 36: 2616: 1263:(due to the throne-like stone chair fixed in the room) repainted by a father-son team of Swiss artists, 587: 4679: 4634: 3180:

Scripta Minoa: The Written Documents of Minoan Crete: with special reference to the archives of Knossos

2933:

Scripta Minoa: The Written Documents of Minoan Crete: with Special Reference to the Archives of Knossos

2812:"The Mycenaean Pillar Cult and its Mediterranean Relations with Illustrations from Recent Cretan Finds" 1105: 920: 856: 593: 381: 310: 711:

Home again, Evans wrote of his experiences, working from his extensive notes and drawings, publishing

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Arthur's mother, Harriet, died after childbirth in 1858 when Arthur was seven. He had two brothers,

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Evans, Myres and Hogarth returned to Crete together, Evans in his capacity as a journalist for the

959: 621: 420: 717:, which came out in two editions, 1876 and 1877. He became overnight an expert in Balkan affairs. 4714: 4659: 3940: 1132: 876: 719: 660: 502: 406: 373: 1777: 1065:

was now known to be a major site, thanks to Evans's old friend and fellow journalist in Bosnia,

951:, Evans to Sicily to complete the last volume of the history he and Freeman had begun together. 775:

first tenure as Prime Minister from 1885 to 1886, the English public held negative views of the

4689: 4559: 4487: 3860: 1281: 1088:, eager not to offend the native Cretan parliament, were encouraging foreigners to apply for a 1066: 653: 648: 490: 3157: 2750: 2113:

Thomas, Ben (1999). "Hercules and the Hydra: C.D.E. Fortnum, Evans and the Ashmolean Museum".

1754: 840:

at Athens. Margaret and Sophia had a visit for several hours, during which Evans examined the

4579: 4219: 4123: 3850: 3840: 2661: 2377: 1464: 534: 254: 2683: 2503: 600:

at the time of their journey the strongest point of resistance in triple mountain ranges of

4780: 4775: 4744: 4724: 4644: 4594: 4067: 3870: 3013:. London: MacMillan and Co; Online by Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg. Archived from 2434: 1496: 1434: 1418: 1264: 1260: 1029:), against the advice of his father, who regarded it as wasteful and useless. He called it 971: 550: 478: 322: 126: 4472: 761:

in favour of an insurrection. Evans was arrested in 1882, to be put on trial as a British

561:

revolutionary bent. Deciding not to stay, he left there to meet Lewis for another trip to

361:, publishing numerous books and articles. In 1859 he conducted a geological survey of the 8: 4835: 4739: 4669: 4624: 4299: 4131: 4115: 3515: 1338: 1323: 1232: 860: 837: 808: 780: 465: 435: 318: 258: 212: 141: 4107: 3014: 2629:

Antiquarian researches in Illyricum. (Parts I and II). From The Archaeologia Vol. XLVIII

2590: 4564: 4371: 4355: 4331: 4315: 3966: 3925: 3895: 3673: 3469: 3198: 2970: 2962: 2839: 2778: 2770: 2508: 1568: 1354: 1331: 1081: 978:, expressive of their innermost feelings, commemorating the event with a private poem, 887: 514: 349:

John Evans maintained his status as an officer in the company, which eventually became

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Private adventurer arrived in Old Herzegovina and discovered Roman city near Pljevlja

122: 1731: 313:(1823–1908) and Harriet Ann Dickinson (born 1824), the daughter of John's employer, 4704: 4569: 4451: 4099: 3564: 3391: 3219: 2995: 2954: 2918: 2831: 2823: 2762: 2725: 2438: 2430: 2122: 1759:(Second ed.). London, New York, Bombay: Longmans, Green & Co. p. 343. 1560: 1442: 1410: 1209: 904: 868: 848: 841: 792: 663:

and spent a night in "a wretched cell". After deciding to lodge in a good hotel in

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In 1913, he paid £100 to double the amount paid with the studentship in memory of

565:. That decision marked the end of his formal education. Herzegovina was then in a 4699: 4674: 4403: 4307: 4259: 4211: 4203: 4091: 3976: 3835: 3559: 3554: 2638: 1511: 1491: 1481: 1402: 1378: 1244: 1175: 644: 562: 530: 510: 326: 302: 4023: 3378: 2329:

Macgillivray Minotaur – Sir Arthur Evans and the Archaeology of the Minoan Myth.

486: 4729: 4649: 4619: 4529: 4459: 4443: 4323: 4139: 3880: 3775: 3628: 3607: 3549: 3539: 2835: 2056:. Belgrade: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Dositej. pp. 130–131. 1506: 1409:

for his services to archaeology and is commemorated both at Knossos and at the

1030: 944: 928: 664: 628: 592:

After resolving to leave Göttingen, Evans and Lewis planned to spy against the

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Born Charles Edward Fortnum (Drury added later in Australia) DCL FSA (1820–99)

4769: 4604: 4584: 4379: 4227: 4171: 4163: 4147: 4075: 3971: 3935: 3915: 3900: 3865: 3714: 3037:. Vol. I: The Neolithic and Early and Middle Minoan Ages. Archived from 1486: 1406: 975: 736: 668: 640: 415: 410: 362: 306: 247: 223: 208: 83: 1212:, who had already distinguished himself by his excavations on the island of 890:

for 1884 on the Slavonic conquest of Illyricum, which remained unpublished.

4589: 4427: 4419: 4411: 4083: 4054: 3981: 3885: 3800: 3780: 3633: 3623: 3544: 3322: 3233: 2126: 2003: 1649: 1629: 1564: 1516: 1398: 1228: 788: 635:

and that the Christians were in a state of insurrection against the Muslim

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against the Ottoman Empire, as well as to attract Russian intervention at

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In 1898, he became one of the first reporters of the ethnic cleansing of

1026: 713: 632: 473: 448: 354: 246:. Three weeks later Turkish authorities forced him to stop (at the time, 168: 54: 4609: 4363: 4291: 3810: 3754: 3683: 3529: 3241: 1546: 1449: 1248: 1146: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1018: 955: 948: 494: 298: 216: 106: 79: 3484: 3150:

The shaft graves and bee-hive tombs of Mycenae and their interrelation

2966: 2843: 2774: 3785: 3734: 3709: 3688: 2087: 1330:) are almost identical to the many centuries older, 19th century BC, 1022: 916: 908: 693: 617: 457: 358: 291: 253:

Based on the structures and artifacts found there and throughout the

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by the Ottoman authorities and went to board a ship in the city of

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not far away (discovery to publication was 1921–1925) this is the

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Minotaur: Sir Arthur Evans and the Archaeology of the Minoan Myth

2751:"Primitive Pictographs and Script from Crete and the Peloponnese" 1414: 1236: 1062: 1050: 963: 513:

insurgents. Freeman convinced Evans's tutors, George Kitchen and

227: 137: 2488:. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from 1041: 472:

In 1872, he and Norman adventured into Ottoman territory in the

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The Riddle of the Labyrinth: The Quest to Crack an Ancient Code

3200:

Before Knossos: Arthur Evans's Travels in the Balkans and Crete

3170:

Jarn Mound, with its panorama and wild garden of British plants

2688:

Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society

1240: 1221: 1089: 1058: 924: 750: 461: 2372:

Evans, A.J. (1909). "Scripta Minoa – Volume 1". Oxford: 87,89.

1730:. University of Oxford, Ashmolean Museum. 2009. Archived from 4841:

Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences

3790: 1385:(FRS) in 1901. He was elected an International Member of the 1327: 1213: 1085: 1077:, was keeping him posted on developments at Knossos by mail. 608:. During the struggle in Bobovo on 15 August 1875 during the 330: 235: 822: 545:

In April–July of that year he attended a summer term at the

171:, museum management, journalism, statesmanship, philanthropy 4502: 1259:

excavations. He then proceeded to have the room called the

672: 537:, two Oxford dons having a low opinion of his work there. 419:

in his final year, 1869/70. At Harrow he was friends with

3415:"Knossos: Ancient Village / Settlement / Misc. Earthwork" 3329:. Originally published by Hodder & Stoughton, London. 636: 3127:. Vol. Index to the Palace of Minos. Archived from 2279:

Death and Exile: The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims

265:. Evans was also the first to define the Cretan scripts 3286:. New York: Hill and Wang (Farrar, Straus and Giroux). 1084:", a metaphor of the dying Ottoman Empire. The various 1049:

After Margaret's death Evans wandered aimlessly around

703: 2320:(Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2009), 111. 1349:. Modern scholars now see it as a continuation of the 620:

via Pljevlja, a city with a large settlement from the

982:, not published until after his death decades later: 553:, then headmaster at Harrow. Evans was to study with 2650:"Antiquarian researches in Illyricum, Parts III, IV" 1073:, the Italian archaeologist and future excavator of 353:, but also became distinguished for his pursuits in 2943:"The Minoan and Mycenaean Element in Hellenic Life" 2684:"Megalithic Monuments in their Sepulchral Relation" 2535:. No. 36493. London. 28 June 1901. p. 10. 684:one man, enough to establish authority – as far as 4881:Presidents of the Society of Antiquaries of London 3279: 3197: 2690:. III, 1885. Manchester: A. Ireland Co., Printers. 2177:, near Figure 1.4, 2012 (4th edition), Routledge, 4053: 2054:Grof Čedomilj Mijatović: Viktorijanac među Srbima 1452:and its surrounding wild garden built during the 798: 4767: 2304:Great Cities of the World 3: Next Stop... Athens 1552:Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society 943:In October of that year Evans took her to visit 884:The Ashmolean as a Home of Archaeology in Oxford 624:period, which Evans named as the Municipium S. 443:Arthur matriculated on 9 June 1870 and attended 257:, Evans found that he needed to distinguish the 4826:Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London 2610:(2nd ed.). London: Longmans, Green and Co. 2151:Bejtullah D. Destani, ed., & Arthur Evans, 1965:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 71 72. 1247:. In the myth, the labyrinth had been built by 758:Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina 321:, Arthur's grandfather, had been headmaster of 2865:"Minoan Civilization at the Palace of Knosses" 2153:Ancient Illyria: An Archaeological Exploration 1391:Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences 1347:Cretan Philistines and the Phoenician Alphabet 1111: 735:in 1898, he described the ethnic cleansing of 688:. From there they travelled directly south to 273:, as well as an earlier pictographic writing. 4896:Members of the American Philosophical Society 4871:Presidents of the British Science Association 4488: 4039: 3500: 3232: 238:began in 1877. They were led by Cretan Greek 16:British archaeologist and scholar (1851–1941) 3277: 3263:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 2264: 2252: 2240: 2228: 2216: 2189: 1909: 1882: 1833: 1710: 1698: 1686: 4851:People associated with the Ashmolean Museum 4816:Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering 2024:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 898: 667:on the border, having judged it safer than 517:, and they convinced the Regius professor, 207:(8 July 1851 – 11 July 1941) was a British 4876:Presidents of the Royal Numismatic Society 4866:People from Vale of White Horse (district) 4495: 4481: 4046: 4032: 3507: 3493: 3204:(Illustrated ed.). Ashmolean Museum. 3156:. London: MacMillan and Co. Archived from 1862:. University of Texas Press. p. 343. 1625:"Evans, Arthur John Family search listing" 791:were facing terror from the hand of local 276: 1724:"Sir John Evans's Family Life – Children" 1227:On the basis of the ceramic evidence and 1193: 1162:Learn how and when to remove this message 1036: 795:, with murders being a daily occurrence. 627:They knew that the region, a part of the 3218: 2900:(Revised ed.). London: B. Quaritch. 2547:"Sir Arthur Evans and the Jarn projects" 2276: 2270: 2204: 2200: 2198: 2066: 2051: 1956: 1954: 1897: 1893: 1891: 1857: 1821: 1800: 1752: 1549:(1941). "Arthur John Evans. 1851–1941". 1368: 1275: 1040: 434: 396: 285: 4801:Archaeologists of the Bronze Age Aegean 4504:Founding fellows of the British Academy 3514: 3278:MacGillivray, Joseph Alexander (2000). 2301: 2080:"Oxford Men and their Colleges 1890–92" 1769: 1353:from ca. 1400 BC, adapted to writing a 1337:The basic part of the discussion about 1291: 993:Such as herself she plucked, – a wreath 582: 413:in 1865 at age 14. He was co-editor of 4768: 3105: 3090: 3060: 3045: 2904: 2893: 2862: 2809: 2112: 1322:, is that most of the symbols for the 596:in the rebellious mountain village of 380:. When he was 70 they had a daughter, 4476: 4027: 3488: 3421:. Julian Cope presents Head Heritage. 3261:Knossos and the Prophets of Modernism 3195: 3176: 3167: 3146: 3137: 3120: 3075: 3030: 2981: 2940: 2929: 2800: 2789: 2748: 2736: 2711: 2694: 2681: 2647: 2636: 2625: 2614: 2602: 2588: 2579: 2371: 2318:Knossos and the Prophets of Modernism 2195: 2139: 2115:Journal of the History of Collections 2039: 1963:Knossos and the Prophets of Modernism 1951: 1945: 1933: 1921: 1888: 1845: 1770:Minchin, James George Cotton (1898). 1756:The Harrow School Register, 1801–1900 1611: 1545: 1541: 1539: 1537: 1463:Evans left part of his estate to the 1373:Statue of Sir Arthur Evans at Knossos 1216:, and Mr Fyfe, an architect from the 485:In 1873, he and Balfour tramped over 3258: 2306:. The Symphonette Press. p. 14. 2179:google preview, with no page numbers 1985: 1960: 1860:Sir Gardner Wilkinson and His Circle 1692: 1663: 1389:in 1913 and a foreign member of the 1377:He was a member and officer of many 1144:adding citations to reliable sources 1115: 934: 656:from its Turkish military governor. 612:they were expelled from Province of 4796:Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford 4791:20th-century British archaeologists 4786:19th-century British archaeologists 3228:. New York: Rinehart & Company. 2595:. London: Longmans, Greens and Co. 1812:Oxford Men and the Colleges 1880–92 1666:"Sir John Evans, K.C.B., 1823–1908" 844:antiquities at hand with Heinrich. 13: 4891:Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal 3906:Minoan frescoes from Tell el-Dab'a 3311:. University of California Press. 3301: 1997: 1534: 1471:is still available for their use. 1318:One of Evans's theses in the 1901 1033:, after the name of the locality. 248:Crete was under Ottoman occupation 14: 4917: 3348: 3006: 2621:. London: Longmans, Green and Co. 1676:. Royal Society of London: l–lvi. 1424: 1271: 1008:And truer love – or pearl so rare 987:"Of Margarites and mountain heath 814:Margaret and Arthur Evans in 1888 4856:People educated at Harrow School 3366: 3354: 2917:. London: B. Quaritch: 391–562. 2632:. Westminster: Nichols and Sons. 1728:Sir John Evans Centenary Project 1670:Proceedings of the Royal Society 1296: 1120: 893: 821: 807: 610:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877) 507:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877) 53: 4008:Archaeological Museum of Chania 4003:Heraklion Archaeological Museum 3931:Papoura Hill Circular Structure 3336:. Chronicle Australia Pty Ltd. 2947:The Journal of Hellenic Studies 2816:The Journal of Hellenic Studies 2755:The Journal of Hellenic Studies 2567: 2539: 2524: 2496: 2478: 2453: 2415: 2406: 2397: 2365: 2353: 2332: 2323: 2310: 2295: 2258: 2246: 2234: 2222: 2210: 2183: 2167: 2158: 2145: 2133: 2105: 2072: 2060: 2045: 2033: 1991: 1979: 1939: 1927: 1915: 1903: 1876: 1851: 1839: 1827: 1815: 1806: 1794: 1763: 1746: 1716: 1131:needs additional citations for 4886:Recipients of the Copley Medal 4811:Fellows of the British Academy 4013:Archaeological Museum of Sitia 3431:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 3388:Works by or about Arthur Evans 3189: 2052:Marković, Slobodan G. (2006). 1776:. London: Methuen Co. p. 1704: 1680: 1657: 1637: 1617: 1605: 1579: 1522:Minoan snake goddess figurines 1387:American Philosophical Society 799:Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum 714:Through Bosnia and Herzegovina 309:, England, the first child of 1: 4545:William Edward Hartpole Lecky 4252:Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer 3407:"Arthur Evans, Archaeologist" 3334:Chronicle of the 20th Century 1441:, which was won that year by 1433:, established jointly by the 222:The first excavations at the 21:Arthur Evans (disambiguation) 4821:Fellows of the Royal Society 4575:Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb 3921:Minoan Moulds of Palaikastro 3472:. Heraklion Crete org online 3450:Dictionary of Art Historians 2512:. 11 July 1911. p. 5167 2427:The Sir Arthur Evans Archive 2302:Salomon, Marilyn J. (1974). 2000:"Excelsior Hotel, Dubrovnik" 1401:in 1936. In 1911, Evans was 1381:, including being elected a 990:And scented broom so white – 861:Charles Drury Edward Fortnum 789:Serbs in Kosovo and Metohija 540: 387: 329:, Leicestershire. John knew 211:and pioneer in the study of 140:; developing the concept of 7: 4861:People from Hemel Hempstead 4715:Sir William Mitchell Ramsay 4340:Charles Thomson Rees Wilson 3196:Brown, Ann Cynthia (1993). 3142:. London: Macmillan and Co. 2796:. London: Bernard Quaritch. 2744:. London: Bernard Quaritch. 2741:Chronicle of 1890 and 1891) 2584:. New Series (11): 260–282. 2572: 2531:"University intelligence". 2002:. Panoramio. Archived from 1645:"Evans, John Family search" 1474: 1383:Fellow of the Royal Society 1345:takes place in the section 1112:Religious violence in Crete 1002:For she was open as the air 980:To Margaret my beloved wife 152:Fellow of the Royal Society 10: 4922: 4690:Sir Thomas Erskine Holland 4560:Sir Edward Maunde Thompson 2643:. Oxford: Parker & Co. 2486:"A.J. Evans (1851 - 1941)" 1364: 1300: 1197: 1106:Palestine Exploration Fund 1005:Pure as the blue of heaven 996:I wreathe for her tonight. 921:Aylesford-Swarling pottery 779:and instead supported the 696:(Ragusa) on the coast, in 594:Principality of Montenegro 569:. The Ottomans were using 315:John Dickinson (1782–1869) 18: 4695:Frederic William Maitland 4510: 4276:Charles Scott Sherrington 4268:Frederick Gowland Hopkins 4062: 3990: 3949: 3828: 3763: 3697: 3616: 3580: 3573: 3522: 3446:"Evans, Arthur John, Sir" 3401:University College London 3397:Evans (Arthur) Collection 3307:Markoe, Glenn E. (2000). 3000:10.1017/S0261340900010833 2923:10.1017/S0261340900027612 2894:—— (1906A) . 2730:10.1017/S0261340900007591 2551:Oxford Preservation Trust 2504:"Whitehall, July 8, 1911" 2359:Hogan, C. Michael (2007) 2277:McCarthy, Justin (1995). 1458:Oxford Preservation Trust 1431:Augustus Wollaston Franks 960:British School, in Athens 577: 445:Brasenose College, Oxford 430: 427:, after the first issue. 392: 378:Maria Millington Lathbury 351:John Dickinson Stationery 297:Arthur Evans was born in 281: 185: 175: 164: 157: 147: 132: 118: 91: 61: 52: 30: 4750:Robert Yelverton Tyrrell 4284:Charles Algernon Parsons 3846:Hagia Triada Sarcophagus 3106:—— (1935B). 3091:—— (1935A). 3061:—— (1928B). 3046:—— (1928A). 2905:—— (1906B). 2863:—— (1901B). 2810:—— (1901A). 2084:Dictionary of Historians 1858:Thompson, Jason (1992). 1528: 1351:Proto-Canaanite alphabet 1218:British School at Athens 1200:Knossos (modern history) 1011:To man was never given." 899:Excavations at Aylesford 493:, the father of British 421:Francis Maitland Balfour 4670:Sir James George Frazer 4660:Andrew Martin Fairbairn 3941:Wall Paintings of Thera 3856:Snake goddess figurines 3470:"Sir Arthur John Evans" 3177:—— (1952). 3168:—— (1933). 3147:—— (1929). 3138:—— (1925). 3076:—— (1930). 3031:—— (1921). 2982:—— (1914). 2941:—— (1912). 2930:—— (1909). 2801:—— (1898). 2790:—— (1895). 2749:—— (1894). 2737:—— (1892). 2712:—— (1890). 2695:—— (1889). 2682:—— (1886). 2648:—— (1885). 2637:—— (1884). 2626:—— (1883). 2615:—— (1878). 2603:—— (1877). 2589:—— (1876). 954:In February, Evans met 877:South Kensington Museum 733:The Manchester Guardian 720:The Manchester Guardian 706:The Manchester Guardian 661:Austro-Hungarian Empire 547:University of Göttingen 503:Edward Augustus Freeman 277:Biographical background 4806:English archaeologists 4565:Sir Henry Maxwell Lyte 4412:Geoffrey Ingram Taylor 4196:Pierre Paul Émile Roux 3861:La Parisienne (fresco) 3419:The Modern Antiquarian 2669:Cite journal requires 2437:. 2012. Archived from 2412:Markoe (2000), p. 111. 2385:Cite journal requires 1664:A.G. (December 1908). 1565:10.1098/rsbm.1941.0044 1439:Society of Antiquaries 1374: 1284: 1194:Excavations of Knossos 1069:. Another old friend, 1067:William James Stillman 1053:ostensibly looking at 1046: 1037:Waiting for the future 1014: 907:discovered in 1886 at 873:Society of Antiquaries 746: 527: 491:John Gardner Wilkinson 440: 402: 294: 4846:Minoan archaeologists 4555:Sir Frederick Pollock 4220:Horace Tabberer Brown 4124:Alfred Russel Wallace 3851:Horns of Consecration 3841:Akrotiri Boxer Fresco 3379:Works by Arthur Evans 3172:. Oxford: J. Vincent. 3163:on 20 September 2011. 2164:Archaeologia 52, 1891 1753:Dauglish, MG (1901). 1372: 1343:Scripta Minoa, Vol. 1 1279: 1044: 984: 741: 567:state of insurrection 549:at the suggestion of 535:Charles Thomas Newton 523: 438: 400: 289: 255:eastern Mediterranean 192:Sir Arthur John Evans 4745:Henry Fanshawe Tozer 4725:Walter William Skeat 4645:Samuel Rolles Driver 4595:Henry Francis Pelham 4570:Sir Courtenay Ilbert 4515:The Earl of Rosebery 4428:Edgar Douglas Adrian 4068:Josiah Willard Gibbs 3871:Prince of the Lilies 3829:Art and Architecture 3409:. Brasenose College. 3363:at Wikimedia Commons 3259:Gere, Cathy (2009). 3121:Evans, Joan (1936). 2701:Numismatic Chronicle 2582:Numismatic Chronicle 2465:search.amphilsoc.org 2461:"APS Member History" 2435:University of Oxford 2173:Cunliffe, Barry W., 2127:10.1093/jhc/11.2.159 1961:Gere, Cathy (2010). 1497:Matriarchal religion 1435:University of London 1419:University of Dublin 1393:in 1918. He won the 1292:Major creative works 1140:improve this article 828:The Ashmolean Museum 739:civilians by saying: 583:Agent in the Balkans 551:Henry Montagu Butler 333:and could quote the 323:Dixie Grammar School 127:University of Oxford 19:For other uses, see 4740:Henry Barclay Swete 4675:Sir Israel Gollancz 4625:Edward Byles Cowell 4520:The Viscount Dillon 4300:William Henry Bragg 4132:George William Hill 4116:Albert A. Michelson 3516:Minoan civilization 3017:on 16 February 2012 2836:2027/uva.x000381934 2243:, pp. 107–108. 1339:Phoenician alphabet 1324:Phoenician alphabet 1233:Heinrich Schliemann 1181:Manchester Guardian 958:, a student at the 838:Heinrich Schliemann 793:Albanian population 781:Kingdom of Bulgaria 509:and on the side of 466:Franco-Prussian War 319:Arthur Benoni Evans 259:Minoan civilisation 213:Aegean civilization 142:Minoan civilisation 4730:Sir Leslie Stephen 4635:Thomas Rhys Davids 4630:William Cunningham 4372:Thomas Hunt Morgan 4356:Henry Hallett Dale 4332:John Scott Haldane 4316:George Ellery Hale 3977:Arkalochori script 3967:Cretan hieroglyphs 3926:Minoan Bull-leaper 3896:Knossos board game 3427:"Sir Arthur Evans" 3131:on 6 January 2013. 3116:on 6 January 2013. 3101:on 6 January 2013. 3086:on 6 January 2013. 3071:on 6 January 2013. 3056:on 6 January 2013. 3041:on 6 January 2013. 2597:arthur john evans. 2509:The London Gazette 2492:on 28 August 2020. 2441:on 22 October 2017 2423:"Sir Arthur Evans" 2255:, pp. 91–100. 1375: 1332:Cretan hieroglyphs 1285: 1280:Portrait 1907, by 1082:sick man of Europe 1047: 903:A cemetery of the 888:Ilchester Lectures 692:and from there to 515:John Richard Green 441: 407:preparatory school 403: 295: 240:Minos Kalokairinos 4763: 4762: 4685:Shadworth Hodgson 4585:Sir Adolphus Ward 4550:Sir William Anson 4470: 4469: 4236:Ernest Rutherford 4055:Copley Medallists 4021: 4020: 3911:Malia altar stone 3824: 3823: 3535:Minoan chronology 3383:Project Gutenberg 3371:Works related to 3359:Media related to 3332:Ross, J. (1990). 3327:The Villa Ariadne 3270:978-0-226-28954-0 3225:The Bull of Minos 3220:Cottrell, Leonard 2265:MacGillivray 2000 2253:MacGillivray 2000 2241:MacGillivray 2000 2229:MacGillivray 2000 2217:MacGillivray 2000 2190:MacGillivray 2000 1910:MacGillivray 2000 1883:MacGillivray 2000 1848:, pp. 11–19. 1836:, pp. 40–41. 1834:MacGillivray 2000 1803:, pp. 84–85. 1711:MacGillivray 2000 1699:MacGillivray 2000 1687:MacGillivray 2000 1587:"List of Fellows" 1502:Minoan chronology 1379:learned societies 1172: 1171: 1164: 1071:Federico Halbherr 1055:Terramare Culture 935:End and beginning 857:John Henry Parker 853:Oxford University 777:Kingdom of Serbia 764:agent provocateur 731:In his report to 479:Fraser's Magazine 439:Brasenose College 335:classical authors 189: 188: 159:Scientific career 123:Brasenose College 66:Arthur John Evans 4913: 4831:Knights Bachelor 4710:Sir James Murray 4705:John E. B. Mayor 4655:Sir Arthur Evans 4497: 4490: 4483: 4474: 4473: 4463: 4455: 4452:George de Hevesy 4447: 4439: 4431: 4423: 4415: 4407: 4399: 4391: 4383: 4375: 4367: 4359: 4351: 4343: 4335: 4327: 4319: 4311: 4303: 4295: 4287: 4279: 4271: 4263: 4255: 4247: 4239: 4231: 4223: 4215: 4207: 4199: 4191: 4183: 4175: 4167: 4159: 4151: 4143: 4135: 4127: 4119: 4111: 4108:Élie Metchnikoff 4103: 4100:Dmitri Mendeleev 4095: 4087: 4079: 4071: 4048: 4041: 4034: 4025: 4024: 3578: 3577: 3565:Peak sanctuaries 3509: 3502: 3495: 3486: 3485: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3465: 3463: 3461: 3452:. Archived from 3441: 3439: 3437: 3422: 3410: 3392:Internet Archive 3370: 3358: 3297: 3285: 3274: 3255: 3229: 3215: 3203: 3184: 3173: 3164: 3162: 3155: 3143: 3132: 3117: 3102: 3087: 3072: 3057: 3042: 3026: 3024: 3022: 3007:——. 3003: 2978: 2937: 2926: 2901: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2880: 2874:. Archived from 2869: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2846:. Archived from 2806: 2797: 2786: 2745: 2733: 2708: 2691: 2678: 2672: 2667: 2665: 2657: 2656:. London: 1–167. 2652:. Archaeologia. 2644: 2633: 2622: 2611: 2599: 2585: 2562: 2561: 2559: 2557: 2543: 2537: 2536: 2528: 2522: 2521: 2519: 2517: 2500: 2494: 2493: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2473: 2471: 2457: 2451: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2431:Ashmolean Museum 2419: 2413: 2410: 2404: 2401: 2395: 2394: 2388: 2383: 2381: 2373: 2369: 2363: 2357: 2351: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2336: 2330: 2327: 2321: 2314: 2308: 2307: 2299: 2293: 2292: 2281:. Darwin Press. 2274: 2268: 2262: 2256: 2250: 2244: 2238: 2232: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2193: 2187: 2181: 2171: 2165: 2162: 2156: 2149: 2143: 2137: 2131: 2130: 2109: 2103: 2102: 2097: 2095: 2090:on 7 August 2020 2086:. Archived from 2076: 2070: 2064: 2058: 2057: 2049: 2043: 2042:, pp. 26–27 2037: 2031: 2029: 2023: 2015: 2013: 2011: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1977: 1976: 1958: 1949: 1943: 1937: 1936:, pp. 82–84 1931: 1925: 1924:, pp. 80–81 1919: 1913: 1907: 1901: 1895: 1886: 1880: 1874: 1873: 1855: 1849: 1843: 1837: 1831: 1825: 1819: 1813: 1810: 1804: 1798: 1792: 1791: 1767: 1761: 1760: 1750: 1744: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1734:on 13 April 2011 1720: 1714: 1708: 1702: 1696: 1690: 1684: 1678: 1677: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1641: 1635: 1634: 1621: 1615: 1609: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1598: 1589:. Archived from 1583: 1577: 1576: 1543: 1454:Great Depression 1443:Mortimer Wheeler 1411:Ashmolean Museum 1397:in 1880 and the 1282:William Richmond 1210:Duncan Mackenzie 1167: 1160: 1156: 1153: 1147: 1124: 1116: 905:British Iron Age 869:Bodleian Library 851:, an adjunct of 849:Ashmolean Museum 825: 811: 773:Gascoyne-Cecil's 598:Bobovo, Pljevlja 367:Joseph Prestwich 263:Mycenaean Greece 206: 180:Ashmolean Museum 98: 75: 73: 57: 47: 32:Sir Arthur Evans 28: 27: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4910: 4766: 4765: 4764: 4759: 4700:Alfred Marshall 4506: 4501: 4471: 4466: 4458: 4450: 4442: 4434: 4426: 4418: 4410: 4404:Joseph Barcroft 4402: 4396:Robert Robinson 4394: 4386: 4378: 4370: 4362: 4354: 4346: 4338: 4330: 4322: 4314: 4308:Arthur Schuster 4306: 4298: 4290: 4282: 4274: 4266: 4260:Albert Einstein 4258: 4250: 4242: 4234: 4226: 4218: 4212:William Bayliss 4210: 4204:Hendrik Lorentz 4202: 4194: 4186: 4178: 4170: 4162: 4154: 4146: 4138: 4130: 4122: 4114: 4106: 4098: 4092:William Crookes 4090: 4082: 4074: 4066: 4058: 4052: 4022: 4017: 3986: 3945: 3836:Aegina Treasure 3820: 3759: 3693: 3612: 3569: 3560:Minoan eruption 3555:Minoan religion 3518: 3513: 3475: 3473: 3468: 3459: 3457: 3444: 3435: 3433: 3425: 3413: 3405: 3351: 3304: 3302:Further reading 3294: 3271: 3252: 3212: 3192: 3187: 3160: 3153: 3020: 3018: 2884: 2882: 2881:on 16 June 2013 2878: 2867: 2853: 2851: 2850:on 7 March 2016 2805:. Oxford: Hart. 2670: 2668: 2659: 2658: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2555: 2553: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2515: 2513: 2502: 2501: 2497: 2484: 2483: 2479: 2469: 2467: 2459: 2458: 2454: 2444: 2442: 2421: 2420: 2416: 2411: 2407: 2402: 2398: 2386: 2384: 2375: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2358: 2354: 2344: 2342: 2338: 2337: 2333: 2328: 2324: 2315: 2311: 2300: 2296: 2289: 2275: 2271: 2263: 2259: 2251: 2247: 2239: 2235: 2227: 2223: 2215: 2211: 2203: 2196: 2188: 2184: 2172: 2168: 2163: 2159: 2150: 2146: 2138: 2134: 2110: 2106: 2093: 2091: 2078: 2077: 2073: 2065: 2061: 2050: 2046: 2038: 2034: 2017: 2016: 2009: 2007: 1996: 1992: 1984: 1980: 1973: 1959: 1952: 1944: 1940: 1932: 1928: 1920: 1916: 1908: 1904: 1896: 1889: 1881: 1877: 1870: 1856: 1852: 1844: 1840: 1832: 1828: 1820: 1816: 1811: 1807: 1799: 1795: 1788: 1773:Old Harrow days 1768: 1764: 1751: 1747: 1737: 1735: 1722: 1721: 1717: 1709: 1705: 1697: 1693: 1685: 1681: 1662: 1658: 1643: 1642: 1638: 1623: 1622: 1618: 1610: 1606: 1596: 1594: 1585: 1584: 1580: 1559:(10): 940–968. 1544: 1535: 1531: 1526: 1512:Minoan religion 1492:Leonard Woolley 1482:Flinders Petrie 1477: 1427: 1367: 1309: 1301:Main articles: 1299: 1294: 1274: 1265:Émile Gilliéron 1245:Greek mythology 1202: 1196: 1176:Turkish Cretans 1168: 1157: 1151: 1148: 1137: 1125: 1114: 1039: 937: 901: 896: 847:Meanwhile, the 833: 832: 831: 830: 829: 826: 817: 816: 815: 812: 801: 709: 645:W. 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Gladstone 590: 585: 580: 563:Old Herzegovina 543: 531:Benjamin Jowett 511:Old Herzegovina 433: 395: 390: 327:Market Bosworth 303:Hemel Hempstead 292:Nash paper mill 284: 279: 194: 136:Excavations at 119:Alma mater 114: 100: 96: 87: 77: 71: 69: 68: 67: 48: 35: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4919: 4909: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4778: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4735:Whitley Stokes 4732: 4727: 4722: 4720:William Sanday 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4680:Thomas Hodgkin 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4650:Robinson Ellis 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4620:Ingram Bywater 4617: 4615:Samuel Butcher 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4540:The Lord Bryce 4537: 4532: 4530:Arthur Balfour 4527: 4522: 4517: 4511: 4508: 4507: 4500: 4499: 4492: 4485: 4477: 4468: 4467: 4465: 4464: 4460:James Chadwick 4456: 4448: 4444:Archibald Hill 4440: 4432: 4424: 4416: 4408: 4400: 4392: 4384: 4376: 4368: 4360: 4352: 4344: 4336: 4328: 4324:Theobald Smith 4320: 4312: 4304: 4296: 4288: 4280: 4272: 4264: 4256: 4248: 4240: 4232: 4224: 4216: 4208: 4200: 4192: 4184: 4176: 4168: 4160: 4152: 4144: 4140:Francis Galton 4136: 4128: 4120: 4112: 4104: 4096: 4088: 4080: 4072: 4063: 4060: 4059: 4051: 4050: 4043: 4036: 4028: 4019: 4018: 4016: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3994: 3992: 3988: 3987: 3985: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3953: 3951: 3947: 3946: 3944: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3881:Harvester Vase 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3832: 3830: 3826: 3825: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3798: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3767: 3765: 3761: 3760: 3758: 3757: 3752: 3747: 3742: 3737: 3732: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3701: 3699: 3695: 3694: 3692: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3651: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3626: 3620: 3618: 3614: 3613: 3611: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3584: 3582: 3575: 3571: 3570: 3568: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3550:Minoan palaces 3547: 3542: 3540:Minoan pottery 3537: 3532: 3526: 3524: 3520: 3519: 3512: 3511: 3504: 3497: 3489: 3483: 3482: 3466: 3456:on 15 May 2021 3442: 3423: 3411: 3403: 3394: 3385: 3376: 3364: 3350: 3349:External links 3347: 3346: 3345: 3330: 3320: 3303: 3300: 3299: 3298: 3292: 3275: 3269: 3256: 3251:978-0062228833 3250: 3230: 3216: 3210: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3185: 3174: 3165: 3144: 3135: 3134: 3133: 3118: 3103: 3088: 3073: 3058: 3043: 3004: 2979: 2959:10.2307/624176 2938: 2927: 2902: 2891: 2872:Monthly Review 2860: 2828:10.2307/623870 2807: 2798: 2787: 2767:10.2307/623973 2746: 2734: 2709: 2703:. 3rd Series. 2692: 2679: 2671:|journal= 2645: 2634: 2623: 2612: 2600: 2586: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2563: 2538: 2523: 2495: 2477: 2452: 2414: 2405: 2396: 2387:|journal= 2364: 2352: 2331: 2322: 2309: 2294: 2287: 2269: 2267:, p. 116. 2257: 2245: 2233: 2231:, p. 107. 2221: 2219:, p. 106. 2209: 2194: 2182: 2166: 2157: 2155:(2006), p. xvi 2144: 2132: 2121:(2): 159–169. 2104: 2071: 2059: 2044: 2032: 2006:on 25 May 2015 1990: 1978: 1971: 1950: 1938: 1926: 1914: 1902: 1887: 1875: 1868: 1850: 1838: 1826: 1814: 1805: 1793: 1786: 1762: 1745: 1715: 1703: 1691: 1679: 1656: 1636: 1616: 1604: 1593:on 8 June 2016 1578: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1507:Minoan pottery 1504: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1426: 1425:Other legacies 1423: 1421:in June 1901. 1366: 1363: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1273: 1272:Senior trustee 1270: 1198:Main article: 1195: 1192: 1170: 1169: 1128: 1126: 1119: 1113: 1110: 1038: 1035: 1013: 1012: 1009: 1006: 1003: 1000: 997: 994: 991: 988: 936: 933: 929:Barry Cunliffe 900: 897: 895: 892: 827: 820: 819: 818: 813: 806: 805: 804: 803: 802: 800: 797: 708: 702: 665:Slavonski Brod 629:Ottoman Empire 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 555:Reinhold Pauli 542: 539: 519:William Stubbs 482:for May 1873. 456:Lewis visited 432: 429: 409:, he entered 394: 391: 389: 386: 343:terraced house 283: 280: 278: 275: 242:, a native of 187: 186: 183: 182: 177: 173: 172: 166: 162: 161: 155: 154: 149: 145: 144: 134: 133:Known for 130: 129: 120: 116: 115: 101: 99:(aged 90) 93: 89: 88: 78: 65: 63: 59: 58: 50: 49: 34: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4918: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4605:George Salmon 4603: 4601: 4600:Sir John Rhŷs 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4525:The Lord Reay 4523: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4512: 4509: 4505: 4498: 4493: 4491: 4486: 4484: 4479: 4478: 4475: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4380:Paul Langevin 4377: 4373: 4369: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4228:Joseph Larmor 4225: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4172:J. J. Thomson 4169: 4165: 4164:Ray Lankester 4161: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4148:George Darwin 4145: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4081: 4077: 4076:Joseph Lister 4073: 4069: 4065: 4064: 4061: 4056: 4049: 4044: 4042: 4037: 4035: 4030: 4029: 4026: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3989: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3972:Phaistos disc 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3954: 3952: 3948: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3936:Vasiliki ware 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3916:Malia Pendant 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3901:Minoan Genius 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3866:Lustral basin 3864: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3833: 3831: 3827: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3762: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3743: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3726: 3723: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3715:Chryssolakkos 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3702: 3700: 3696: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3621: 3619: 3615: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3586: 3585: 3583: 3579: 3576: 3572: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3527: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3510: 3505: 3503: 3498: 3496: 3491: 3490: 3487: 3471: 3467: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3402: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3380: 3377: 3375:at Wikisource 3374: 3369: 3365: 3362: 3357: 3353: 3352: 3343: 3342:1-872031-80-3 3339: 3335: 3331: 3328: 3324: 3323:Powell, Dilys 3321: 3318: 3317:0-520-22613-5 3314: 3310: 3306: 3305: 3295: 3293:9780809030354 3289: 3284: 3283: 3276: 3272: 3266: 3262: 3257: 3253: 3247: 3243: 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Bury 4364:Niels Bohr 4292:Max Planck 3811:Traostalos 3755:Yerokambos 3684:Vathypetro 3530:Minoan art 2822:: 99–204. 2556:11 January 2140:Evans 1884 2040:Brown 1993 1946:Evans 1876 1934:Evans 1876 1922:Evans 1876 1846:Brown 1993 1612:Evans 1921 1597:16 October 1465:Boy Scouts 1450:Jarn Mound 1249:King Minos 1152:March 2019 1019:Boars Hill 956:John Myres 949:Bordighera 495:Egyptology 311:John Evans 299:Nash Mills 217:Bronze Age 107:Boars Hill 80:Nash Mills 72:1851-07-08 3786:Atsipades 3735:Odigitria 3710:Apesokari 3689:Zominthos 2975:163279561 2783:163720432 2533:The Times 1986:Gere 2009 1573:162188868 1355:Canaanite 1023:Berkshire 974:and wild 972:margarite 931:in 2012. 917:type site 909:Aylesford 842:Mycenaean 694:Dubrovnik 618:Dubrovnik 602:Ljubišnja 541:Göttingen 458:Hallstatt 388:Education 359:antiquary 244:Heraklion 113:, England 111:Berkshire 86:, England 4906:Linear A 4901:Linear B 3991:See also 3962:Linear B 3957:Linear A 3891:Kouloura 3816:Vrysinas 3806:Petsofas 3720:Kamilari 3679:Vasiliki 3649:Troullos 3593:Phaistos 3476:28 March 3460:28 March 3436:28 March 3325:(1973). 3236:(2013). 3222:(1958). 3021:27 April 2994:: 1–94. 2885:26 April 2573:By Evans 2020:cite web 1998:yvr101. 1738:30 March 1475:See also 1437:and the 1403:knighted 1307:Linear B 1303:Linear A 1253:Minotaur 1094:Istanbul 1075:Phaistos 1031:Youlbury 913:Swarling 698:Dalmatia 690:Sarajevo 686:Derventa 614:Pljevlja 405:After a 271:Linear B 267:Linear A 103:Youlbury 3950:Writing 3776:Kamares 3745:Phylaki 3740:Phourni 3725:Koumasa 3664:Amnisos 3654:Trypiti 3644:Gournia 3639:Kydonia 3608:Galatas 3588:Knossos 3581:Palaces 2361:Knossos 2094:31 July 2010:4 April 1415:D.Litt. 1365:Honours 1237:Mycenae 1063:Knossos 1051:Liguria 964:Alassio 771:During 649:Serbian 487:Lapland 230:on the 228:Knossos 215:in the 138:Knossos 4462:(1950) 4454:(1949) 4446:(1948) 4438:(1947) 4430:(1946) 4422:(1945) 4414:(1944) 4406:(1943) 4398:(1942) 4390:(1941) 4382:(1940) 4374:(1939) 4366:(1938) 4358:(1937) 4350:(1936) 4342:(1935) 4334:(1934) 4326:(1933) 4318:(1932) 4310:(1931) 4302:(1930) 4294:(1929) 4286:(1928) 4278:(1927) 4270:(1926) 4262:(1925) 4254:(1924) 4246:(1923) 4238:(1922) 4230:(1921) 4222:(1920) 4214:(1919) 4206:(1918) 4198:(1917) 4190:(1916) 4182:(1915) 4174:(1914) 4166:(1913) 4158:(1912) 4150:(1911) 4142:(1910) 4134:(1909) 4126:(1908) 4118:(1907) 4110:(1906) 4102:(1905) 4094:(1904) 4086:(1903) 4078:(1902) 4070:(1901) 3750:Stylos 3705:Armeni 3669:Petras 3659:Lakkos 3629:Kommos 3603:Zakros 3523:Topics 3340: 3315: 3290: 3267: 3248: 3208: 2973: 2967:624176 2965: 2844:623870 2842: 2781: 2775:623973 2773: 2607:Ragusa 2516:9 June 2445:9 June 2345:9 June 2285: 1969: 1866: 1784: 1571: 1241:Tiryns 1222:palace 1090:firman 1086:pashas 1059:Zagreb 925:Belgae 751:Wookey 654:Bosnia 578:Career 464:. 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