31:
45:
359:
124:
1467:
325:
The
Bulgarian historiography negate, while the Romanian highlight the role of the Vlachs in the uprising. However, the scientific debate reflects the nationalistic rivality from the 19-20th century, which did not exist in the 12-13th century. Vlachs and Bulgarian Slavs jointly inhabited Bulgaria, and
338:
The name of the dynasty comes from one of the brothers, namely Asen I. The etymology is most likely of Cuman Turkic origin, derived from "esen" which meant "safe, sound, healthy" and the Belgun nickname seems to be derived from Turkic "bilgün", which meant "wise". Further support to this connection
200:'s wife), immediate entourage and allies. Groups of Cumans settled and mingled with the local population in many regions of the Balkans between the 10th and 13th centuries and founded also other successive Bulgarian dynasties (
114:
Some members of the Asen family entered
Byzantine service in the thirteenth to fourteenth centuries. The name also occurs as a family name in modern Greek, and could go back to the same name. Their origin is obscure.
326:
both groups in sufferance were united against the common cause under a leader, regardless of the leader "race". The Asen brothers were associated with the Vlach population of the mountainous regions around Trnovo,
214:
origin, a view that is common among the
Bulgarian historians who reckon that all native sources (from the 13th century) use predominantly the terms Bulgaria, Bulgarians and Bulgarian, the
343:
of Mt. Athos from the end of the 12th century, which mention the monastery's problems with some of the Cuman stratiotes, where "Asen" is listed as the name of one of those Cumans.
1138:
Dimitri
Korobeinikov, A broken mirror: the Kipçak world in the thirteenth century. In the volume: The other Europe from the Middle Ages, Edited by Florin Curta, Brill 2008, p. 400
278:, and the state they founded as a continuation of the First Bulgarian Empire. However, this could be just a way to proclaim their legitimacy for the throne of the Empire.
1052:
Entangled
Histories of the Balkans - Volume Three: Shared Pasts, Disputed Legacies Balkan Studies Library, Roumen Daskalov, Alexander Vezenkov, Publisher BRILL, 2015,
285:("We heard that your forefathers come from a noble family from the city of Rome"), it is usually dismissed as simply a hidden compliment of the Pope to Kaloyan.
927:
Clifford J. Rogers, The Oxford
Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Volume 1, Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 0195334035, p. 522.
1373:
578:. The couple's five sons and two daughters were the progenitors of one of the highest-regarded Byzantine noble families of their time, along with the
174:
origin, a view supported by many contemporary sources and
Romanian scholars who base their claims on Western Crusade chronicles, and letters between
887:
330:
recorded Vlach shamans during revolt exhibition, but nevertheless of their ethnicity, it was a joint venture of the
Bulgarians, Vlachs and Cumans.
266:
In their own administrative documents and correspondence, the three rulers viewed themselves as descendants and successors of the
Bulgarian Tsars
562:
The Asens in
Byzantium largely descend from Ivan Asen III, who ruled briefly as Emperor of Bulgaria before fleeing to Constantinople as
869:
Madgearu, Alexandru (2014). Asăneștii. Istoria politico-militara a statului dinastiei Asan (1185–1280). Târgoviște: Cetatea de Scaun.
936:
Christoph Baumer, The History of Central Asia: The Age of Islam and the Mongols, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016, ISBN 1838609407, p. 75.
288:
Pope Innocent III in his letter to the Bulgarian King Kaloyan (Calojoannes) in 1204 addressed him "King of Bulgarians and Vlachs" (
1247:
Stephenson, Paul (2000) "Byzantium's Balkan Frontier — A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204" pp. 289–300
575:
792:
Frederick B. Chary, History of Bulgaria, The Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations, ABC-CLIO, 2011, ISBN 0313384479, p. 12.
1366:
1082:
Turnovo inscription of Tsar Ivan Asen II in the Holy 40 Martyrs Church in honour of the victory at Klokotnitsa on 9 March 1230
167:)) are still a source of much controversy, debated among historians. There are three main hypotheses regarding their origins:
1266:
1181:
281:
In a correspondence, of 1199, the Pope talks about the "Roman descent" of Kaloyan. However, considering the actual text says
93:
1235:
849:
1492:
1359:
1342:
1016:
874:
825:
1097:
Geschichte des mittelalterlichen Bulgariens VII. – XIV. Jahrhundert. Band 1 der dreibändigen Geschichte Bulgariens.
1447:
1057:
1471:
1196:
44:
1008:
730:
494:
1176:. Translated by, with commentary and introduction from, Ruth Macrides. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1386:
1328:
774:
396:
132:
104:
30:
624:
736:
709:
705:
688:
651:
571:
1334:
The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest
742:
223:
144:
97:
17:
508:
350:("descent") and the word can be found almost exclusively in the languages of the Kipchak Turks
243:
1487:
1121:
1002:
815:
682:
676:
473:
1095:
Verlag Anubis, Sofia 2006, deutsche Übersetzung des Titels: Iwan Boschilow, Wasil Gjuselew:
1221:
1069:
628:
584:
275:
300:("Emperor Kaloyan of Bulgaria"); besides, the archbishop of Veliko Tarnovo called himself
8:
769:
340:
271:
188:
origin, as some of the names in the dynasty, including Asen and Belgun, are derived from
179:
131:
The origins of the dynasty, especially the ethnic background of the three Asen brothers (
634:
The Asens of Byzantium intermarried with other prominent noble dynasties, including the
283:
Nos autem audito quod de nobili urbis Romae prosapia progenitores tui originem traxerint
1407:
1316:
1308:
888:"o-city-of-byzantium-annals-of-niketas-choniates-ttranslated-by-harry-j-magoulias-1984"
563:
267:
73:
1442:
1432:
1427:
1402:
1338:
1320:
1262:
1244:
Vasary, Istvan (2005) "Cumans and Tatars", Cambridge University Press: pp. 34–42
1231:
1177:
1053:
1012:
870:
845:
821:
724:
717:
713:
608:
574:, Ivan Asen III had already been married to the Byzantine Emperor's eldest daughter,
438:
327:
227:
175:
160:
148:
136:
85:
945:
Jennifer Lawler, of the Byzantine Empire, McFarland, 2011, ISBN 0786466162, p. 234.
1300:
1288:
596:
205:
108:
727:(1248–1311), Nicaean princess, Countess of Ventimiglia and Tende and nun in Aragon
1437:
1417:
1332:
751:
701:
662:
842:
Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900-1204
111:
at the turn of the year 1185/1186 caused by the increase in the Imperial taxes.
1422:
1217:
366:
189:
49:
658:
families. Notable members of the Asen family in the Byzantine Empire include:
1481:
1291:(April 1949). "The Second Bulgarian Empire. Its Origin and History to 1204".
1254:
672:
635:
590:
543:
1225:
258:
and shows cruelty to the Byzantines as revenge for the murdered and blinded
1351:
860:
Boldur Alexandru, Istoria Basarabiei, Editura Frunza, Bucuresti, 1990, p 95
764:
459:
307:
231:
38:
358:
1208:
Dimnik, Martin (2004). "Kievan Rus', the Bulgars and the southern Slavs,
991:
The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, Volume 1, Denis Sinor, pg 279.
579:
375:
1312:
1275:
Stelian Brezeanu, Istoria Imperiului Bizantin, Bucuresti, MERONIA, 2007
894:
602:
529:
315:
311:
259:
247:
239:
211:
647:
201:
1304:
1200:
612:. In Greek, the male form of the family name is rendered as Ἀσάνης (
1227:
The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 4, c.1024–c.1198, Part 2
655:
643:
255:
53:
1382:
417:
251:
235:
197:
156:
1122:"Пламен Павлов - Бунтари и авантюристи в средновековна България"
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639:
319:
219:
193:
185:
171:
123:
296:("Emperor of all Bulgarians and Vlachs'), but signed himself
215:
1025:
1397:
1230:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 254–276.
353:
35:
948:
346:
Other study shows that the only name that makes sense is
103:
The Asen dynasty rose as the leaders of Bulgaria after a
1034:
1004:
The Roots of Balkanization: Eastern Europe C.E. 500-1500
985:
972:
1102:
960:
582:. Among the Byzantine Asens, three bore the title of
1250:
History of the Byzantine Empire, A. A. Vasiliev 1935
911:
909:
1259:
O scurta istorie a romanilor povestita celor tineri
906:
1479:
1093:История на средновековна България VII - XIV век.
1031:Bulgarian Folk Customs, Mercia MacDermott, pg 27
1299:(2). The University of Chicago Press: 167–199.
1146:
1144:
292:); in answering the Pope, John called himself
48:Monument to the Asen dynasty in their capital
1367:
1381:
1141:
695:
566:'s uprising was gaining momentum in 1280. A
1171:
954:
700:From Byzantium, the Asens spread as far as
310:styles himselve “Tsar and sovereign of the
96:state, called in modern historiography the
1374:
1360:
754:, Princess Consort of Moldavia (1472–1477)
1283:(in Romanian). Bucuresti: Editura Frunza.
304:("Primate of all Bulgaria and Vlachia").
1193:Familijata na Asenevci (1186–1460)
813:
733:, Dowager Countess of Salona (1380–1394)
357:
354:Bulgarian Emperors from the Asen dynasty
294:imperator omnium Bulgarorum et Blachorum
122:
43:
29:
1190:
1000:
27:Dynasty in medieval Bulgaria, 1185–1280
14:
1480:
1278:
1207:
966:
1355:
1287:
1040:
900:
814:Runciman, Steven (December 3, 1987).
739:, Prince of Achaea (before 1386-1401)
685:, Co-Emperor of Byzantium (1353–1357)
1327:
1108:
1099:ISBN 978-954-426-718-6, S. 487.
915:
844:, Cambridge University Press, 2004,
339:can be found in the charters of the
557:
196:, such as intermarriage (including
192:, as well as the close ties to the
24:
982:, Cambridge University Press, p. 2
903:, p. 178, 180, 185, 190, 198.
302:totius Bulgariae et Blaciae Primas
25:
1504:
1459:
1465:
1337:. University of Michigan Press.
238:claimed provenance from the old
92:), founded and ruled a medieval
1174:George Akropolites: The History
1153:
1132:
1114:
1085:
1076:
1063:
1046:
1001:Grumeza, Ion (August 4, 2010).
994:
939:
930:
921:
623:A smaller branch descends from
298:imperator Bulgariae Calojoannes
880:
863:
854:
834:
807:
795:
786:
365:Monument to the Asen Dynasty,
250:avenger, adopting the moniker
242:rulers and his state from the
56:, sculptor prof. Krum Damianov
13:
1:
1197:Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
1165:
1091:Иван Божилов, Васил Гюзелев:
890:– via Internet Archive.
691:, Lord of Corinth (1454–1458)
616:) and the female as Ασανίνα (
127:Genealogy of the Asen dynasty
1172:Acropolitae, George (2007).
1071:„Kalojan, der Griechentöter"
333:
254:by analogy with the emperor
7:
1009:University Press of America
758:
731:Helena Asanina Kantakouzene
290:rex Bulgarorum et Blachorum
10:
1509:
1279:Boldur, Alexandru (1990).
1253:
801:
775:List of Bulgarian monarchs
752:Maria Asanina Palaiologina
683:Matthew Asen Kantakouzenos
627:, wife of Nicaean Emperor
256:Basil II the Bulgar Slayer
222:(relative and murderer of
118:
1393:
1021:– via Google Books.
830:– via Google Books.
817:A History of the Crusades
725:Eudoxia Laskarina Asanina
696:Byzantine Asens elsewhere
625:Elena Asenina of Bulgaria
100:, between 1185 and 1280.
77:
1493:Bulgarian noble families
780:
737:Andronikos Asen Zaccaria
710:Principality of Moldavia
706:Principality of Theodoro
689:Matthew Palaiologos Asen
669:of the Morea (1316–1322)
572:Michael VIII Palaiologos
1195:(in Bulgarian). Sofia:
743:Thomas Asen Palaiologos
246:and declares himself a
98:Second Bulgarian Empire
1191:Božilov, Ivan (1985).
745:, exile in Naples and
362:
244:First Bulgarian Empire
164:
152:
140:
128:
89:
57:
41:
1448:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1222:Riley-Smith, Jonathan
1159:Božilov, pp. 102-103.
978:István Vásáry (2005)
677:John VI Kantakouzenos
675:, Empress Consort of
361:
126:
47:
33:
1474:at Wikimedia Commons
629:Theodore II Laskaris
606:and two were titled
1150:Božilov, pp. 20-22.
1043:, pp. 167–206.
770:History of Bulgaria
1281:Istoria Basarabiei
576:Irene Palaiologina
363:
129:
68:, also called the
58:
42:
1470:Media related to
1456:
1455:
1289:Wolff, Robert Lee
1268:978-973-50-2591-5
1183:978-0-19-921067-1
980:Cumans and Tatars
840:Paul Stephenson,
718:Kingdom of Aragon
714:Kingdom of Naples
609:megas primikerios
555:
554:
328:Niketas Choniates
176:Pope Innocent III
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133:Teodor I Peter IV
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39:Ivan Asen II
1126:liternet.bg
967:Dimnik 2004
679:(1347–1354)
580:Palaiologoi
550:1279 - 1280
536:1256 - 1257
501:1246 - 1256
487:1241 - 1246
466:1218 - 1241
452:1207 - 1218
431:1197 - 1207
410:1186 - 1197
389:1187 - 1196
376:Ivan Asen I
341:Great Lavra
224:Ivan Asen I
218:names like
206:Shishmanids
153:Ioan Asan I
145:Ivan Asen I
1482:Categories
1443:Battenberg
1408:Cometopuli
1329:Fine, John
1216:1200". In
1166:References
1058:9004290362
1041:Wolff 1949
901:Wolff 1949
603:megas doux
530:Mitso Asen
316:Bulgarians
312:Bulgarians
260:Bulgarians
1433:Sratsimir
1321:164165193
1109:Fine 1994
916:Fine 1994
667:epitropos
648:Tornikios
334:Etymology
248:Bulgarian
240:Bulgarian
212:Bulgarian
202:Terterids
105:rebellion
94:Bulgarian
82:Asenevtsi
74:Bulgarian
1428:Shishman
1387:Bulgaria
1331:(1994).
1293:Speculum
1257:(2008).
1224:(eds.).
1201:14378091
759:See also
716:and the
656:Zaccaria
644:Laskaris
585:despotes
568:despotes
424:Ioanitsa
397:Peter IV
276:Simeon I
161:Romanian
149:Romanian
137:Romanian
90:Asănești
86:Romanian
78:Асеневци
54:Bulgaria
1438:Ottoman
1418:Smilets
1313:2848560
1199:. OCLC
618:Asanina
515:Koloman
480:Koloman
418:Kaloyan
272:Peter I
236:Kaloyan
198:Kaloyan
180:Kaloyan
165:Caloian
157:Kaloyan
119:Origins
70:Asenids
18:Asanids
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614:Asanis
594:, two
570:under
564:Ivaylo
403:Teodor
320:Greeks
268:Samuil
220:Ivanko
216:Slavic
194:Cumans
155:) and
1317:S2CID
1309:JSTOR
1212:1020–
781:Notes
652:Raoul
439:Boril
348:änish
228:Boril
186:Cuman
172:Vlach
1413:Asen
1403:Krum
1398:Dulo
1339:ISBN
1263:ISBN
1232:ISBN
1178:ISBN
1054:ISBN
1013:ISBN
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318:and
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230:and
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