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290:, the citizens sent envoys asking him not to garrison soldiers there. He agreed, provided he would be given the taxes and horses that they had formerly paid as tribute to the Persian king. After reaching this agreement Alexander went to Side, leaving a garrison there on the city's surrender. Going back through Sillyon, he learned that the Aspendians had failed to ratify the agreement their envoys had proposed and were preparing to defend themselves. Alexander marched to the city immediately. When they saw Alexander returning with his troops, the Aspendians, who had retreated to their
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town. The central section consisted of 46 arches up to 15 m high, 29 of which are still standing. The siphon was 40 m deep between the towers leading to a pressure of 400kPa (4bar) in the pipes and delivered about 5600 m per day. The pipes were carved blocks of limestone carefully fitted together to ensure a good seal using a mortar of lime and olive oil which expands when wet. It was built between the middle of the 2nd and end of the 3rd century. An inscription states
Tiberius Claudius Italicus spent 2 million
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271:, anchored off the coast of Aspendos in an effort to secure its surrender. Hoping to avoid a new war, the people of Aspendos collected money among themselves and gave it to the commander, entreating him to retreat without causing any damage. Even though he took the money, he had his men trample all the crops in the fields. Enraged, the Aspendians stabbed and killed Thrasybulus in his tent.
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is possibly the most important monument, since the last 2 km of the conduit is a well-preserved inverted siphon, rather than an open channel, which made this aqueduct famous. The siphon allowed shorter arches to be constructed at the expense of finding a way to contain the water pressure in the
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The siphon was split into three bridge sections 600, 900 and 150 m long, separated by 5.5 m square two towers where the aqueduct bends and where the water ascended and descended and which are today still 30 m high. The siphon was built on arches to cross the marshy valley between the hills and the
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The Roman theater survives virtually intact... scarcely another surviving theater gives a better impression of just how the Roman theater - a solid single unified structure - differed from the Greek theater, which was made up of separate structures juxtaposed but each isolated and complete in
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Silver stater from
Aspendos dated 370–333 BC. Obverse: Olympic games-type scene: two wrestlers grappling, the letters delta and alpha between their legs; Reverse: Slinger, wearing short chiton, discharging sling to right, triskeles on right with feet clockwise; Size:
387:, or backdrop, has remained intact. The 8.1 metre (27 ft) sloping reflective wooden ceiling over the stage has been lost over time. Post holes for 58 masts are found in the upper level of the theatre. These masts supported a
294:, again sent envoys to sue for peace. This time, however, they had to agree to very harsh terms; a Macedonian garrison would remain in the city and 100 gold talents as well as 4,000 horses would be given in tax annually.
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times seems to have been known as
Primopolis. Toward the end of the Roman period the city began a decline that continued throughout Byzantine times, although in medieval times it was evidently still a strong place.
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381:) stood, while the remainder was built on vaulted arches. The high stage, whose supporting columns are still in place, served to seemingly isolate the audience from the rest of the world. The
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The wide range of its coinage throughout the ancient world indicates that, in the 5th century BC, Aspendos had become the most important city in
Pamphylia. At that time, according to
347:. With a diameter of 96 metres (315 ft), it provided seating for 7,000. Even though, the recent Aspendus Culture and Film Festival has shown that it can hold over 20,000.
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or awning that could be pulled over the audience to provide shade. The diameter of the orchestra is 23.87 meters and the height of the columnatio (stage backdrop) was 15.7 meters.
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465:. The legend appears on early coins as the abbreviation ΕΣ or ΕΣΤϜΕ; later coinage has ΕΣΤϜΕΔΙΙΥΣ, the adjective from the city's local (Pamphylian) name Estwedus. The city's
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Aspendos did not play an important role in antiquity as a political force. Its political history during the colonisation period corresponded to the currents of the
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domination. The fact that the city continued to mint coins in its own name, however, indicates that it had a great deal of freedom even under the
Persians.
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461:; "the slinger on the obverse represents the soldiery for which Aspendus was famous in antiquity," the reverse frequently depicts a
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region. Within this trend, after the colonial period, it remained for a time under Lycian hegemony. In 546 BC, it came under
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234:, the Eurymedon River was navigable as far as Aspendos, and the city derived great wealth from a trade in salt, oil and wool.
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writes that there was a native of
Aspendos called Demetrius, who was a pupil of Apollonius of Soli. In addition, he mentions
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Kessener, H. P. M. (2000). The aqueduct at
Aspendos and its inverted Siphon. American Journal of Archaeology 13, 105 - 132
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501:, to which Aspendus belonged. Of its bishops, the names of four are recorded in extant documents: Domnus was at the
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As was usual to minimise construction complexity and cost, part of the theatre was built against the hill where the
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The
Theatre at Aspendos, The Ancient Theatre Archive, Theatre specifications and virtual reality tour of theatre
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since 1994, with international participation of opera and ballet companies and an audience of about 10,000.
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It was built in 155 by the Greek architect Zenon, a native of the city. It was periodically repaired by the
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This article is about the ancient city in present-day Turkey. For the medication marketed as
Aspendos, see
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Aspendos was one of the earliest cities to mint coins. It began issuing coinage around 500 BC, first
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Trading Posts and
Fortifications on Genoese Trade Routes from the Mediterranean to the Black Sea
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The Persians captured the city again in 411 BC and used it as a base. In 389 BC,
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Early Period of Anatolian Turkish Heritage: Niksar, The Capital of Danishmend Dynasty
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Late Antique and Medieval Churches and Monasteries of Midyat and Surrounding Area (
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of Athens, in an effort to regain some of the prestige that city had lost in the
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Top Ten Best Historical Places in Turkey including Aspendos checkout more detail
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718:. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 766–767.
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Aspendos is known for having the best-preserved theatre of antiquity, the
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Haci Bayram Mosque and its Surrounding Area (the Haci Bayram District)
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No longer a residential bishopric, Aspendus is today listed by the
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siphon in an era when large diameter piping was difficult to seal.
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The Underground Water Structures in Gaziantep; Livas' and Kastels
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4909:
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4093:
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3998:
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2246:
2176:
2161:
2106:
2081:
2016:
1991:
1986:
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1966:
1931:
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1896:
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1671:
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1591:
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1331:
1211:
1171:
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703:
561:
454:
302:
242:
192:
102:
436:, reconstructed in the 13th century, is also in the vicinity.
7842:
Seljuk Caravanserais on the route from Denizli to Dogubeyazit
7609:
7424:
7300:
7275:
7188:
7183:
6963:
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6713:
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6618:
6468:
6362:
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6317:
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5842:
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5569:
5544:
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5009:
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4424:
4339:
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4073:
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3204:
3174:
3159:
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2781:
2671:
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2211:
2121:
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1886:
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1691:
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1596:
1446:
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1326:
1201:
822:
Understanding Architecture: Its Elements, History and Meaning
425:
287:
249:
94:
907:(British Museum. Dept. of Coins and Medals, 1897), p. lxxii.
195:. The site is located 40 km east of the modern city of
7722:
6938:
6853:
6493:
6192:
6157:
6017:
5614:
5274:
5209:
4644:
4324:
3339:
2721:
2256:
1866:
871:, Vol. 10, Essays in Honor of Oleg Grabar. (1993), p. 151.
7728:
Ismail Fakirullah Tomb and its Light Refraction Mechanism
7679:
The Theatre and Aqueducts of the Ancient City of Aspendos
4206:
1030:
Aspendos html5/full screen panoramas taken December, 2012
256:, and destroyed it. Aspendos then became a member of the
7550:
Sultan Bayezid II Complex: A Center of Medical Treatment
7495:
The Tombstones of Ahlat the Urartian and Ottoman citadel
469:
history extends from archaic Greek to late Roman times.
7500:
Tushpa/Van Fortress, the Mound and the Old City of Van
918:"Asia Minor Coins – Greek and Roman coins of Aspendos"
7475:
Eshab-ı Kehf Kulliye (Islamic-Ottoman Social Complex)
7435:
Lake Tuz Special Environmental Protection Area (SEPA)
867:
Scott Redford, "The Seljuqs of Rum and the Antique,"
286:
marched into Aspendos in 333 BC after capturing
944:
Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus
905:
A Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum
773:
Diogenes Laertius, Lives of the Philosophers, § 6.13
762:
Diogenes Laertius, Lives of the Philosophers, § 5.83
305:
later pillaged its art treasures. It was ranked by
252:led an Athenian navy against a Persian navy in the
819:
1079:
7938:
7239:Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey
552:Aspendos International Opera and Ballet Festival
546:Aspendos International Opera and Ballet Festival
540:Aspendos International Opera and Ballet Festival
7370:Sümela Monastery (The Monastery of Virgin Mary)
826:(First ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
564:held her last concert there on 28 April 1987.
420:Nearby stand the remains of a stadium, baths,
7220:
4625:Chelae on the European coast of the Bosphorus
1065:
840:
327:
7947:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey
297:In 190 BC, the city surrendered to the
7620:Eflatun Pinar: The Hittite Spring Sanctuary
7346:Kızılırmak Delta Wetland and Bird Sanctuary
846:
509:in 431, Timotheus at the 448 synod held by
7227:
7213:
4620:Chelae on the Asian coast of the Bosphorus
1072:
1058:
672:Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors
7987:World Heritage Tentative List for Turkey
7952:Archaeological sites in Antalya Province
694:
692:
690:
688:
443:
403:
364:
331:
273:
221:
7311:Mausoleum and Sacred area of Hecatomnus
1040:Aspendos Archaeological Project 2008 –
959:Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae
788:. New York: H. N. Abrams. p. 567.
783:
698:
7939:
7425:Konya-A capital of Seljuk Civilization
7395:Basilica Therma (Sarıkaya Roma Hamamı)
883:Roman Theatres: An Architectural Study
813:
811:
809:
7982:Populated places in ancient Pamphylia
7689:Yesemek Quarry and Sculpture Workshop
7649:Karatepe-Aslantaş Archaeological Site
7585:Ancient Cities of Lycian Civilization
7390:Archaeological Site of Kültepe-Kanesh
7208:
1053:
1035:Over 350 pictures from several visits
947:, Paris 1740, Vol. I, coll. 1001–1002
685:
7536:Battles Zones in the First World War
817:
309:the third city of Pamphylia, and in
48:The Roman Basilica at Aspendos, 2011
7049:Antioch in Mesopotamia (Constantia)
5170:Neapolis on the Thracian Chersonese
806:
521:held the same year, and Leo at the
13:
1015:Plan of the Aspendos Antic Theater
746:
206:about 16 km inland from the
14:
8003:
7962:Former populated places in Turkey
7675:and surrounding historic quarters
7615:Archaeological Site of Sagalassos
7306:The Historical Port City of Izmir
988:
974:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013
7919:
7918:
7906:
7440:Odunpazari Historical Urban Site
7281:Archaeological site of Laodikeia
880:
646:
634:
622:
610:
598:
586:
574:
66:
65:
58:
42:
965:
950:
935:
910:
898:
889:
874:
861:
849:"The Roman Theatre at Aspendus"
7764:Mor Yakup (Saint Jacob) Church
7360:Rock-tombs of the Pontic Kings
7341:Historic Guild Town of Mudurnu
3879:Metropolis in northern Phrygia
2202:Metropolis in southern Phrygia
777:
766:
755:
740:
722:
664:
581:Aspendos Agora and Market Hall
556:Turkish State Opera and Ballet
1:
7967:Geography of Antalya Province
7957:Catholic titular sees in Asia
7755:Zerzevan Castle and Mithraeum
7415:Historical Monuments of Niğde
7286:Archaeological Site of Priene
1081:Ancient settlements in Turkey
658:
550:The theatre hosts the annual
301:, and the corrupt magistrate
7977:Members of the Delian League
7779:Anatolian Seljuks Madrasahs
7760:Zeynel Abidin Mosque Complex
7714:Archeological Site of Zeugma
7610:Archaeological Site of Perge
7291:Ayvalık Industrial Landscape
7276:Archaeological Site of Assos
7271:Ancient City of Stratonikeia
3110:Hadrianopolis in Paphlagonia
472:
7:
7365:Nature Park of Ballıca Cave
7019:Zephyrium on the Calycadnus
5863:Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing
2377:Panormus near Halicarnassus
962:, Leipzig 1931, p. 450
505:in 425, Tribonianus at the
417:to build an aqueduct here.
396:The unique 19 km-long
10:
8008:
7972:Greek colonies in Anatolia
7410:Historic Town of Beypazarı
7262:The Ancient City of Sardis
4365:Apollonia on the Rhyndacus
605:Roman aqueduct of Aspendos
567:
543:
439:
328:Greek and Roman structures
217:
18:
7900:
7772:
7745:Mardin Cultural Landscape
7702:
7630:Güllük Dagi National Park
7590:Ancient City of Anazarbos
7563:
7508:
7485:Historic Town of Kemaliye
7458:
7378:
7324:
7266:Lydian Tumuli of Bin Tepe
7245:
7027:
6919:Tetrapyrgia in Cappadocia
5653:
5165:Neapolis on the Bosphorus
4265:
4192:
3383:
2865:
1372:Bargasa in northern Caria
1087:
784:Andreae, Bernard (1977).
751:. pp. 1. Chapter 53.
519:Robber Council of Ephesus
511:Flavian of Constantinople
408:Roman aqueduct and siphon
345:Roman Theatre of Aspendos
338:Roman Theatre of Aspendos
155:
118:
108:
90:
82:
53:
41:
31:
7684:Vespasianus Titus Tunnel
7639:Hatay, St. Pierre Church
7420:Ivriz Cultural Landscape
7405:Haci Bektas Veli Complex
6924:Tetrapyrgia in Pamphylia
6128:Hadrianopolis in Pisidia
3713:Hadrianopolis in Phrygia
3370:Zephyrium in Paphlagonia
2147:Magnesia on the Maeander
972:Annuario Pontificio 2013
818:Roth, Leland M. (1993).
523:Second Council of Nicaea
16:Ancient Greco-Roman city
7605:Ancient City of Korykos
7530:Çanakkale (Dardanelles)
7525:The Bridge of Uzunköprü
7520:The Bridge of Justinian
7480:Historic City of Harput
7445:Sivrihisar Grand Mosque
7054:Apamea on the Euphrates
6639:Philadelphia in Cilicia
6043:Dalisandus in Pamphylia
4615:Chelae on the Black Sea
2817:Tripolis on the Meander
1302:Astyra near Adramyttium
1222:Antioch on the Maeander
729:Holidays to Turkey info
715:Encyclopædia Britannica
503:First Council of Nicaea
254:Battle of the Eurymedon
202:It was situated on the
7804:Çifte Minareli Medrese
7798:Çifte Minareli Medrese
7600:Ancient city of Kibyra
7595:Ancient City of Kaunos
7316:Medieval City of Beçin
7301:Historic Town of Birgi
7159:Seleucia at the Zeugma
5778:Aphrodisias of Cilicia
5763:Antioch on the Pyramis
5743:Antioch on the Orontes
4320:Aianteion in the Troad
3310:Sebastopolis in Pontus
1000:Aspendos photos folder
956:Pius Bonifacius Gams,
450:
409:
370:
340:
279:
227:
7704:Southeastern Anatolia
7555:Yıldız Palace Complex
7044:Antioch in the Taurus
6749:Seleucia in Pamphylia
6038:Dalisandus in Isauria
5758:Antioch on the Cragus
4745:Dascylium in Bithynia
3275:Pteria in Paphlagonia
2562:Sebastopolis in Caria
2427:Philadelphia in Lydia
2372:Panormus near Miletus
2037:Laodicea on the Lycus
1352:Aureliopolis in Lydia
1010:How to go to Aspendos
700:Hogarth, David George
493:, the capital of the
447:
407:
368:
335:
277:
225:
140:36.93889°N 31.17222°E
83:Alternative name
7815:Ince Minaret Medrese
7694:Yivli Minaret Mosque
7545:Nuruosmaniye Complex
7534:Gelibolu (Gallipoli)
7257:Aizanoi Antique City
7129:Nicopolis in Cilicia
7009:Zenopolis in Isauria
6103:Eudocias (Pamphylia)
5973:Comana in Cappadocia
5610:Tricomia in Bithynia
4895:Helenopolis/Drepanum
3678:Eudocia (Cappadocia)
3005:Comana in the Pontus
2632:Stratonicea in Caria
2627:Stratonicea in Lydia
2312:Nysa on the Maeander
1617:Dios Hieron in Lydia
1612:Dios Hieron in Ionia
1322:Atarneus sub Pitanem
1307:Astyra near Pergamon
1025:Livius.org: Aspendus
629:The Eurymedon Bridge
322:Diodorus of Aspendus
7837:Mountainous Phrygia
7740:The Malabadi Bridge
7664:St. Nicholas Church
6514:Neapolis in Pisidia
6338:Limnae in Pamphylia
5998:Corycus (Kızkalesi)
4860:Hadriani ad Olympum
4795:Drizipara/Drusipara
4750:Dekaton in Bithynia
4315:Aianteion in Thrace
2197:Metropolis in Lydia
2142:Magnesia ad Sipylum
995:History of Aspendos
593:The Ornamental Gate
354:, who used it as a
284:Alexander the Great
180:: Ἄσπενδος) was an
136: /
74:Shown within Turkey
28:
7880:Güvercinada Castle
7490:Ishak Pasha Palace
7099:Hallan Çemi Tepesi
7014:Zenopolis in Lycia
5783:Apollonia in Lycia
5748:Antioch of Pisidia
5703:Anabura in Pisidia
5560:Tarsus in Bithynia
5055:Limnae in Bithynia
2995:Colonia in Armenia
2557:Sebaste in Phrygia
1782:Heraclea in Aeolis
1777:Heraclea at Latmus
1242:Apollonia Salbaces
1237:Apollonia in Mysia
734:2012-01-11 at the
513:, which condemned
507:Council of Ephesus
481:of Aspendus was a
451:
410:
371:
341:
280:
269:Peloponnesian Wars
228:
145:36.93889; 31.17222
35:(in Ancient Greek)
26:
7934:
7933:
7913:Turkey portal
7673:Saint Paul's Well
7450:Tomb of Ahi Evran
7351:Mahmut Bey Mosque
7296:The Bodrum Castle
7202:
7201:
6904:Telmessos (Caria)
6343:Limnae in Pisidia
6203:Isinda in Pisidia
5753:Antiochia Lamotis
4805:Elaea in Bithynia
4755:Dekaton in Thrace
3834:Laodicea Combusta
3718:Heraclea Cybistra
3683:Eudocia (Phrygia)
3270:Prusias ad Hypium
2492:Polichne in Ionia
2487:Polichna in Ionia
2057:Larissa Phrikonis
1787:Heraclea in Lydia
1227:Apamea in Phrygia
980:978-88-209-9070-1
847:Whitman College.
670:Barbara Burrell,
318:Diogenes Laërtius
226:Coins of Aspendos
208:Mediterranean Sea
163:
162:
7999:
7922:
7921:
7911:
7910:
7909:
7830:Yakutiye Medrese
7825:Sahabiye Madrasa
7783:Buruciye Medrese
7773:Multiple regions
7625:Eşrefoğlu Mosque
7575:Alahan Monastery
7460:Eastern Anatolia
7380:Central Anatolia
7229:
7222:
7215:
7206:
7205:
6654:Phoenix in Lycia
6393:Malus in Pisidia
6068:Elaiussa Sebaste
5060:Limnae in Thrace
4725:Daphne Mainomene
4590:Cenon Gallicanon
4330:Alexandria Troas
4194:Eastern Anatolia
3869:Malus in Phrygia
3864:Malus in Galatia
3385:Central Anatolia
3175:Laodicea Pontica
3140:Hüseyindede Tepe
3120:Heraclea Pontica
2747:Thebe Hypoplakia
2437:Phoenix in Caria
2157:Maionia in Lydia
1792:Heraclea Salbace
1347:Aurelia Neapolis
1252:Apollonos Hieron
1074:
1067:
1060:
1051:
1050:
1005:Maps of Aspendos
983:
969:
963:
954:
948:
941:Michel Lequien,
939:
933:
932:
930:
929:
920:. Archived from
914:
908:
902:
896:
893:
887:
886:
878:
872:
865:
859:
858:
856:
855:
844:
838:
837:
825:
815:
804:
803:
781:
775:
770:
764:
759:
753:
752:
744:
738:
726:
720:
719:
707:
705:"Aspendus"
696:
683:
668:
650:
638:
626:
614:
602:
590:
578:
487:metropolitan see
434:Eurymedon Bridge
278:Plan of Aspendos
189:Antalya province
151:
150:
148:
147:
146:
141:
137:
134:
133:
132:
129:
99:Antalya Province
69:
68:
62:
46:
36:
29:
25:
8007:
8006:
8002:
8001:
8000:
7998:
7997:
7996:
7937:
7936:
7935:
7930:
7907:
7905:
7896:
7860:Çandarlı Castle
7850:Akçakoca Castle
7820:Karatay Medrese
7788:Cacabey Medrese
7768:
7705:
7698:
7566:
7559:
7511:
7504:
7461:
7454:
7381:
7374:
7327:
7320:
7248:
7241:
7233:
7203:
7198:
7030:
7023:
6759:Seleucia Sidera
6754:Seleucia Pieria
6198:Isinda in Lycia
6098:Eudocia (Lycia)
5993:Corycium Antrum
5649:
5510:Serrion Teichos
5270:Pegae in Thrace
5025:Larisa in Troad
4465:Basilica Therma
4435:Astyra in Troad
4261:
4237:Justinianopolis
4188:
3763:Kaman-Kalehöyük
3443:Aquae Saravenae
3379:
2861:
2552:Satala in Lydia
2052:Larisa in Lydia
2047:Larisa in Ionia
2042:Larisa in Caria
1962:Kleros Politike
1892:Isinda in Ionia
1083:
1078:
991:
986:
970:
966:
955:
951:
940:
936:
927:
925:
916:
915:
911:
903:
899:
894:
890:
879:
875:
866:
862:
853:
851:
845:
841:
834:
816:
807:
796:
786:The Art of Rome
782:
778:
771:
767:
760:
756:
745:
741:
736:Wayback Machine
727:
723:
697:
686:
669:
665:
661:
654:
653:Aspendos Temple
651:
642:
639:
630:
627:
618:
615:
606:
603:
594:
591:
582:
579:
570:
548:
542:
530:Catholic Church
499:Pamphylia Prima
475:
442:
330:
220:
204:Eurymedon River
144:
142:
138:
135:
130:
127:
125:
123:
122:
78:
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75:
72:
71:
70:
49:
37:
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8005:
7995:
7994:
7992:Serik District
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7932:
7931:
7929:
7928:
7916:
7901:
7898:
7897:
7895:
7894:
7893:
7892:
7887:
7885:Sinop Fortress
7882:
7877:
7872:
7867:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7833:
7832:
7827:
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7807:
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7725:
7716:
7710:
7708:
7700:
7699:
7697:
7696:
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7686:
7681:
7676:
7669:St.Paul Church
7666:
7661:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7627:
7622:
7617:
7612:
7607:
7602:
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7527:
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7516:
7514:
7506:
7505:
7503:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7470:Akdamar Church
7466:
7464:
7456:
7455:
7453:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7430:Koramaz Valley
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7386:
7384:
7376:
7375:
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7111:
7106:
7101:
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7081:
7076:
7071:
7066:
7061:
7059:Carcathiocerta
7056:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7035:
7033:
7025:
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7022:
7021:
7016:
7011:
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6806:
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6766:
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6746:
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6716:
6711:
6706:
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6696:
6694:Pseudokorasion
6691:
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6681:
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6666:
6661:
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5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
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5352:
5347:
5342:
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5335:Pitheci Portus
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5310:Phidalia Petra
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5265:Pegae in Mysia
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
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5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
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5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
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5017:
5012:
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5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
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4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
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4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4870:Hadrianotherae
4867:
4862:
4857:
4855:Germanicopolis
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
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4682:
4677:
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4607:
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4562:
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4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4415:Artaiouteichos
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4271:
4269:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4254:
4252:Theodosiopolis
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4198:
4196:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4139:Thouththourbia
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
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4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
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4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
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3976:
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3800:
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3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3413:Anastasiopolis
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
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3332:
3327:
3322:
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3307:
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3282:
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3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
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3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
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3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
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3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
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3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
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2957:
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2912:
2907:
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2809:
2804:
2799:
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2639:
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2599:
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2269:
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2239:
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2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
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2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
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2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1972:Koddinou Petra
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
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1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
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1914:
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1007:
1002:
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989:External links
987:
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888:
873:
860:
839:
832:
805:
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739:
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710:Chisholm, Hugh
684:
674:(Brill, 2004:
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544:Main article:
541:
538:
495:Roman province
477:The Christian
474:
471:
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438:
398:Roman aqueduct
360:Seljuqs of Rum
329:
326:
248:Circa 465 BC,
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7855:Amasra Castle
7853:
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7843:
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7793:Çifte Medrese
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7659:Mamure Castle
7657:
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7565:Mediterranean
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7356:Mount Harşena
7354:
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7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6889:Tell Judaidah
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6403:Mamure Castle
6401:
6399:
6398:Mampsoukrenai
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6188:Isaura Palaea
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5656:
5655:Mediterranean
5652:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5620:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5430:Pyrrhias Cyon
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4555:Caenophrurium
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4470:Basilinopolis
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4455:Baradendromia
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4355:Apamea Myrlea
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4335:Alopeconnesus
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4191:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3693:Faustinopolis
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3393:Abouadeineita
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3095:Garzoubanthon
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
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2787:Tlos in Caria
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2182:Meiros Megale
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2137:Maeandropolis
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1937:Kaymakçı Tepe
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1812:Hierocaesarea
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1757:Halicarnassus
1755:
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1607:Dionysiopolis
1605:
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1108:
1107:Achaion Limen
1105:
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981:
977:
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960:
953:
946:
945:
938:
924:on 2011-01-04
923:
919:
913:
906:
901:
892:
885:. p. 35.
884:
881:Sear, Frank.
877:
870:
864:
850:
843:
835:
833:0-06-430158-3
829:
824:
823:
814:
812:
810:
802:
797:
795:0-8109-0626-0
791:
787:
780:
774:
769:
763:
758:
750:
743:
737:
733:
730:
725:
717:
716:
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706:
701:
695:
693:
691:
689:
681:
680:90-04-12578-7
677:
673:
667:
663:
649:
644:
641:The Nymphaeum
637:
632:
625:
620:
613:
608:
601:
596:
589:
584:
577:
572:
571:
565:
563:
559:
557:
554:organized by
553:
547:
537:
535:
531:
526:
524:
520:
517:, and at the
516:
512:
508:
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500:
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402:
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394:
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391:
386:
385:
384:scaenae frons
380:
376:
367:
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361:
357:
353:
348:
346:
339:
334:
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319:
315:
312:
308:
304:
300:
295:
293:
289:
285:
276:
272:
270:
266:
261:
259:
258:Delian League
255:
251:
246:
244:
240:
235:
233:
224:
215:
213:
209:
205:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
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175:
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167:
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154:
149:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
104:
100:
96:
93:
89:
85:
81:
61:
52:
45:
40:
30:
22:
7923:
7904:
7890:Yoros Castle
7875:Galata Tower
7865:Çeşme Castle
7678:
7094:Göbekli Tepe
7029:Southeastern
6894:Tell Tayinat
6589:Panemotichus
6218:Juliosebaste
5958:Claudiopolis
5953:Cibyra Mikra
5837:
5733:Ano Kotradis
5580:Tesderamoska
5460:Rouphinianai
5290:Pericharaxis
5155:Nausimachion
4970:Katapaspanas
4780:Didymateiche
4480:Bathys Limen
4450:Aureliopolis
4144:Tiberiopolis
4049:Sadagolthina
3728:Hieropotamon
3648:Dometiopolis
3583:Comitanassus
3523:Binbirkilise
3518:Bathys Rhyax
3433:Antoniopolis
3398:Alişar Hüyük
3260:Pompeiopolis
2955:Callistratia
2875:Abonoteichos
2802:Trapezopolis
2797:Traianopolis
1797:Hermocapelia
1337:Augustopolis
1277:Arcadiopolis
971:
967:
958:
952:
943:
937:
926:. Retrieved
922:the original
912:
904:
900:
891:
882:
876:
868:
863:
852:. Retrieved
842:
821:
799:
785:
779:
768:
757:
749:In Verrem II
748:
742:
724:
713:
671:
666:
617:The Basilica
560:
549:
527:
476:
452:
432:. The Roman
419:
411:
395:
388:
382:
372:
356:caravanserai
349:
342:
316:
307:Philostratus
296:
281:
262:
247:
236:
229:
201:
176:: ΕΣΤϜΕΔΥΣ;
169:
165:
164:
7870:Foça Castle
7810:Gök Medrese
7644:Karain Cave
7124:Nevalı Çori
6949:Tragalassus
6779:Serraepolis
6704:Rhodiapolis
6624:Perminounda
6614:Pednelissus
6584:Palaeopolis
6474:Moron Hydor
6243:Karakabaklı
6228:Kalelibelen
6108:Flaviopolis
6058:Diocaesarea
5963:Colybrassus
5918:Carmylessus
5768:Antiphellus
5465:Salmydessus
5405:Proconnesus
5175:Neonteichos
5100:Miletopolis
4955:Kalos Agros
4930:Ilieon Kome
4640:Chrysopolis
4400:Argyropolis
4360:Aphrodisias
4305:Aegospotami
4217:Cafer Höyük
4174:Verinopolis
4054:Salamboreia
4009:Pillitokome
3753:Isauropolis
3638:Diocaesarea
3553:Carus Vicus
3488:Aspenzinsos
3468:Ariaramneia
3240:Philocaleia
3200:Naustathmus
3135:Hieron Oros
2910:Anticinolis
2890:Alaca Höyük
2702:Temenothyra
2502:Pordoselene
2362:Palaeopolis
2357:Palaemyndus
2292:Neonteichos
2167:Marathesium
1852:Hypokremnos
1582:Dareioukome
1457:Carmylessus
1387:Beycesultan
1232:Aphrodisias
1127:Adramyttium
534:titular see
369:The Stadium
265:Thrasybulus
185:Greco-Roman
143: /
119:Coordinates
7941:Categories
7169:Sultantepe
7064:Carchemish
6969:Tyberissus
6929:Titiopolis
6874:Tardequeia
6789:Sibidounda
6729:Sagalassos
6659:Pisarissos
6479:Moumoustra
6464:Mopsuestia
6459:Mopsucrene
6449:Mezgitkale
6308:Kynosarion
6183:Isaura Nea
6178:Irenopolis
6143:Hierapolis
6013:Cretopolis
5988:Coracesium
5903:Callimache
5585:Tetrakomia
5530:Smintheion
5480:Scamandrus
5475:Scamandria
5410:Proochthoi
5385:Pratomysia
5375:Potamonion
5365:Polymedium
5355:Poleatikon
5350:Poemanenum
5325:Phosphorus
5300:Petrozetoi
5280:Pentephyle
5245:Pantichium
5200:Ophryneion
5150:Nausikleia
5130:Moukaporis
5090:Mantineion
5080:Lysimachia
4950:Kale Peuke
4900:Heracleium
4825:Ergasteria
4815:Elekosmioi
4630:Choiragria
4535:Burtudizon
4515:Blachernae
4395:Argyronion
4295:Ad Statuas
4290:Achilleion
4227:Citharizum
4212:Arsamosata
4039:Purushanda
3909:Moutalaske
3803:Kodylessos
3758:Juliopolis
3748:Irenopolis
3668:Ergobrotis
3603:Coropassus
3558:Çatalhöyük
3473:Ariarathia
3355:Yazılıkaya
3325:Themiscyra
3280:Salatiwara
3255:Polemonium
3180:Libiopolis
3155:Ischopolis
3130:Hermonassa
3125:Heracleium
2732:Teuthrania
2692:Teichiussa
2622:Stectorium
2597:Skolopoeis
2512:Prymnessus
2387:Parthenium
2187:Melampagos
2127:Lysimachia
2092:Leucophrys
1952:Klazomenai
1912:Kalabantia
1877:Ioniapolis
1807:Hieropolis
1802:Hierapolis
1587:Dideiphyta
1507:Chrysaoris
1437:Callipolis
928:2008-10-02
854:2024-01-19
682:), p. 189.
659:References
467:numismatic
463:triskelion
457:and later
239:Pamphylian
232:Thucydides
174:Pamphylian
159:Settlement
131:31°10′20″E
128:36°56′20″N
7800:(Erzurum)
7734:Tur Abdin
7723:Şanlıurfa
7634:Termessos
7326:Black Sea
7139:Sakçagözü
7109:Khashshum
7004:Yumuktepe
6954:Trebendae
6934:Tityassus
6914:Termessos
6899:Telmessos
6884:Teimiussa
6844:Sozopolis
6739:Saraganda
6734:Sandalium
6709:Rhoscopus
6699:Ptolemais
6689:Prostanna
6649:Phoenicus
6594:Panhormus
6579:Padyandus
6529:Octapolis
6499:Myriandus
6439:Melanippe
6378:Magastara
6283:Kitanaura
6258:Kastellon
6238:Kanytelis
6223:Kalanthia
6163:Idebessos
6148:Hippucome
6118:Gözlükule
6083:Epiphania
6063:Domuztepe
5943:Charadrus
5928:Castabala
5808:Arnabanda
5788:Arabissus
5738:Antigonia
5728:Anemurium
5708:Anazarbus
5668:Acarassus
5663:Acalissus
5555:Tarpodizo
5540:Strobilos
5500:Selymbria
5455:Rhoiteion
5380:Praenetus
5360:Polychron
5305:Pharmakia
5295:Perinthus
5250:Parabolos
5215:Ostreodes
5195:Ontoraita
5185:Nicomedia
5160:Neandreia
5135:Myrileion
5120:Morzapena
5110:Mochadion
5095:Marpessos
5030:Lasthenes
5020:Lampsacus
5015:Lamponeia
5005:Kyparodes
4945:Kalasyrta
4885:Harpagion
4880:Hamaxitus
4865:Hadriania
4785:Diolkides
4740:Dascylium
4610:Charmidea
4600:Chalcedon
4585:Cenchreae
4545:Byzantium
4510:Bithynium
4445:Aureliane
4300:Adrasteia
4202:Altıntepe
4149:Trocmades
4124:Takourtha
4099:Sidamaria
4024:Pontanena
3974:Pedachtoë
3969:Parnassus
3929:Nazianzus
3859:Malandasa
3839:Laroumada
3829:Lamatorma
3658:Ecdaumava
3653:Dorylaeum
3623:Dadastana
3598:Corniaspa
3588:Congustus
3568:Ciscissus
3543:Camuliana
3463:Ardistama
3438:Anzoulada
3418:Andabalis
3408:Anadynata
3335:Timolaeum
3290:Sandaraca
3230:Pharnacia
3210:Nicopolis
2885:Aiginetes
2867:Black Sea
2827:Tyanollos
2777:Thyssanus
2772:Thymbrara
2742:Theangela
2737:Thasthara
2697:Telandrus
2682:Tateikome
2637:Strobilos
2497:Polybotus
2422:Perperene
2307:Nymphaeum
2277:Naulochus
2272:Naulochon
2242:Myloukome
2192:Meloukome
2097:Limantepe
2012:Labraunda
1842:Hyllarima
1762:Halisarna
1742:Gerriadai
1632:Doroukome
1567:Cyllandus
1497:Chalcetor
1407:Boukolion
1267:Aragokome
1247:Apollonis
1217:Antandrus
1132:Agatheira
1102:Abrostola
982:), p. 840
483:suffragan
479:bishopric
473:Bishopric
430:nymphaeum
379:Acropolis
311:Byzantine
292:Acropolis
113:Pamphylia
33:Ἄσπενδος
21:Modafinil
7925:Category
7358:and the
7264:and the
7149:Samosata
7031:Anatolia
6999:Yanıkhan
6989:Typallia
6979:Tymandus
6959:Trebenna
6944:Toriaeum
6869:Tapureli
6774:Seroiata
6724:Sabandus
6719:Rygmanoi
6674:Platanus
6664:Pisurgia
6629:Phaselis
6564:Orokenda
6519:Nephelis
6429:Mastaura
6418:Marciana
6328:Lebessus
6298:Korasion
6288:Kodroula
6273:Kiphisos
6248:Karatepe
6078:Emirzeli
6073:Elbessos
6003:Corydala
5933:Ceretapa
5913:Carallia
5898:Cadyanda
5888:Cabassus
5878:Bindaios
5838:Aspendos
5833:Arycanda
5828:Artanada
5798:Ariassus
5723:Andriaca
5713:Anchiale
5640:Utsurgae
5630:Tzurulum
5625:Tyrodiza
5619:Hisarlik
5595:Tragasai
5565:Tattaios
5550:Syllanta
5525:Sirkanos
5505:Semystra
5470:Sangarus
5435:Pytheion
5425:Psyllium
5345:Ploketta
5260:Paulines
5205:Orestias
5125:Mossynea
5105:Mocasura
5070:Lupadium
5000:Koubaita
4995:Kosilaos
4920:Iasonion
4905:Hermaion
4890:Hebdomon
4840:Gentinos
4830:Eribolum
4735:Dardanus
4715:Dacibyza
4710:Dadokome
4690:Crithote
4680:Crenides
4675:Cremaste
4660:Cocylium
4595:Chalcaea
4550:Byzapena
4525:Boradion
4500:Bisanthe
4475:Bathonea
4350:Anaplous
4285:Achaiion
4222:Camachus
4164:Tyriaeum
4084:Senzousa
4059:Salarama
3994:Pessinus
3964:Papirion
3959:Orcistus
3924:Nakoleia
3914:Musbanda
3899:Mokissos
3884:Midaeium
3844:Lauzadus
3820:(Kanesh)
3793:Kindyria
3788:Kilistra
3783:Kerkenes
3768:Kanotala
3663:Ecobriga
3628:Dasmenda
3618:Cyzistra
3613:Cybistra
3533:Borissos
3508:Balgatia
3503:Balbissa
3483:Artiknos
3458:Archalla
3345:Tripolis
3315:Stephane
3305:Saurania
3295:Sapinuwa
3250:Pimolisa
3235:Phazemon
3105:Gozalena
3075:Euchaita
3070:Erythini
3040:Cyptasia
3025:Crenides
2980:Chadisia
2960:Carambis
2900:Amastris
2880:Aegialus
2852:Zemmeana
2822:Troketta
2812:Triopium
2767:Thyatira
2642:Syangela
2582:Silandus
2542:Saouenda
2417:Pergamon
2397:Passanda
2367:Panasion
2342:Orthoisa
2322:Oenoanda
2287:Neapolis
2172:Mastaura
2067:Lasnedda
2022:Lalandos
2002:Kymnissa
1957:Kleimaka
1942:Kilaraza
1927:Kaualena
1922:Kasossos
1857:Hyrcanis
1837:Hygassos
1832:Hydissus
1817:Homadena
1752:Gryneium
1737:Gergitha
1727:Gambrium
1717:Euthenae
1707:Eumeneia
1697:Eukarpia
1682:Erythras
1677:Erythrae
1627:Docimium
1622:Dioskome
1562:Cybeleia
1557:Coryphas
1547:Colossae
1542:Colophon
1532:Clannuda
1527:Cisthene
1517:Cidramus
1512:Chytrium
1487:Celaenae
1477:Casystes
1472:Castabus
1467:Caryanda
1427:Bybassus
1412:Boutheia
1397:Blaundus
1377:Bargylia
1317:Atarneus
1297:Astragon
1292:Aspaneus
1272:Araukome
1262:Appolena
1192:Amynanda
1167:Allianoi
1152:Alabanda
1122:Acrassus
1112:Acharaca
1097:Abbassus
869:Muqarnas
747:Cicero.
732:Archived
702:(1911).
525:in 787.
515:Eutyches
459:drachmas
422:basilica
390:velarium
187:city in
170:Aspendus
166:Aspendos
91:Location
86:Aspendus
27:Aspendos
7806:(Sivas)
7510:Marmara
7179:Tushhan
7154:Sareisa
7134:Nisibis
7119:Matiate
7114:Kussara
7084:Doliche
7074:Dabanas
6994:Xanthos
6909:Tenedos
6829:Siricae
6814:Sillyon
6804:Siderus
6769:Selinus
6679:Podalia
6669:Placoma
6644:Philaea
6634:Phellus
6604:Parlais
6599:Pargais
6569:Otanada
6559:Onobara
6549:Olympus
6504:Nagidos
6444:Meriana
6425:(Mnara)
6423:Marmara
6413:Mandane
6383:Magydus
6373:Magarsa
6368:Lysinia
6333:Legeita
6313:Laertes
6293:Kolbasa
6278:Kirkota
6253:Karkabo
6233:Kandyba
6213:Istlada
6138:Hamaxia
6123:Hacilar
6048:Damasei
6033:Daedala
6028:Cyrrhus
6023:Cyaneae
5938:Cestrus
5908:Calynda
5893:Cadrema
5868:Balbura
5858:Aunesis
5848:Augusta
5823:Arsinoe
5773:Aperlae
5693:Alalakh
5678:Adrasus
5600:Thynias
5520:Sigeion
5490:Scylace
5485:Scepsis
5450:Rhesion
5445:Rhegion
5420:Psarela
5400:Prindea
5395:Priapus
5370:Potamoi
5285:Percote
5235:Palodes
5145:Nassete
5085:Madytus
5050:Libyssa
5035:Leptoia
4990:Kolonai
4980:Kizoura
4940:Kalamos
4915:Hierion
4835:Gargara
4820:Embolos
4800:Eirakla
4765:Delphin
4730:Daphnus
4720:Damalis
4705:Cyzicus
4700:Cypsela
4695:Cypasis
4670:Colonae
4580:Cebrene
4570:Canopus
4540:Bythias
4505:Bitenas
4495:Birytis
4490:Bergule
4485:Beodizo
4440:Athyras
4430:Astacus
4420:Artanes
4390:Argyria
4380:Arbeila
4275:Abarnis
4267:Marmara
4247:Sugunia
4134:Thebasa
4114:Soandos
4104:Skandos
4089:Sereana
4069:Savatra
3954:Olosada
3904:Mourisa
3824:Lageina
3818:Kültepe
3778:Keissia
3773:Karbala
3743:Ilistra
3708:Gordium
3703:Gorbeus
3673:Euaissa
3608:Cotenna
3578:Claneus
3563:Cimiata
3548:Candara
3528:Blucium
3453:Arasaxa
3428:Anniaca
3403:Amblada
3375:Ziporea
3365:Zaliche
3360:Zagorus
3350:Virasia
3330:Thymena
3320:Syderos
3190:Metroon
3185:Lillium
3170:Kimista
3115:Hattusa
3100:Gaziura
3085:Gadilon
3065:Endeira
3055:Diacopa
3045:Cytorus
3015:Cordyle
3010:Coralla
3000:Colussa
2985:Cinolis
2975:Cerasus
2970:Carussa
2965:Carissa
2930:Berissa
2925:Athenae
2915:Argyria
2847:Uranium
2807:Trarium
2762:Thyaira
2727:Termera
2717:Tendeba
2712:Tempsis
2662:Synnada
2587:Sillyos
2577:Sidussa
2517:Pteleum
2482:Plarasa
2477:Pladasa
2462:Pisilis
2447:Phyteia
2442:Physcus
2432:Phocaea
2392:Passala
2382:Parsada
2347:Ortygia
2337:Oroanna
2237:Motella
2232:Mostene
2227:Mossyna
2222:Mokolda
2217:Mobolla
2207:Miletus
2152:Maiboza
2132:Madnasa
2102:Lobolda
2077:Lebedus
2062:Larymna
2032:Lankena
2027:Lamyana
1997:Kyllene
1982:Korakoe
1947:Kildara
1847:Hypaepa
1767:Harpasa
1712:Euromus
1702:Euhippe
1687:Etsyena
1667:Ephesus
1657:Embatum
1642:Eiokome
1602:Dioclea
1492:Ceramus
1482:Cedreae
1402:Bonitai
1392:Birgena
1367:Bargasa
1357:Aurokra
1312:Astyria
1207:Anineta
1182:Amorium
1177:Amnista
1147:Aizanoi
1117:Acmonia
801:itself.
712:(ed.).
568:Gallery
485:of the
455:staters
440:Coinage
415:denarii
375:Citadel
352:Seljuqs
243:Persian
218:History
197:Antalya
182:ancient
7719:Harran
7706:Region
7654:Kekova
7580:Alanya
7567:Region
7512:Region
7462:Region
7382:Region
7328:Region
7249:Region
7247:Aegean
7236:UNESCO
7194:Zeugma
7144:Sam'al
7104:Harran
7089:Edessa
7069:Çayönü
6984:Tynada
6974:Tyinda
6879:Tarsus
6864:Takina
6859:Syedra
6839:Solyma
6819:Simena
6809:Sidyma
6794:Sibyla
6744:Sebeda
6714:Rhosus
6609:Patara
6574:Ouerbe
6554:Öküzlü
6539:Olbasa
6509:Nauloi
6489:Mylios
6454:Moatra
6408:Manava
6388:Mallus
6348:Limyra
6268:Kibyra
6263:Keraia
6173:Iotape
6168:Idyros
6093:Etenna
6088:Erymna
6008:Cremna
5983:Conana
5968:Comama
5818:Arsada
5813:Arneae
5718:Andeda
5698:Amelas
5645:Zeleia
5635:Urisio
5605:Traron
5590:Tipaso
5575:Terbos
5515:Sestos
5495:Scylla
5440:Rhebas
5340:Placia
5330:Pionia
5320:Philia
5315:Phiela
5255:Parium
5240:Panion
5230:Paesus
5220:Pactya
5180:Nerola
4960:Kampos
4910:Hieria
4875:Halone
4845:Gergis
4810:Elaeus
4790:Drabus
4760:Delkos
4685:Cressa
4655:Cobrys
4650:Clitae
4635:Chryse
4605:Charax
4575:Cardia
4560:Callum
4530:Brunca
4410:Artace
4405:Arisba
4385:Argiza
4375:Apsoda
4345:Amycus
4280:Abydos
4257:Tushpa
4232:Dadima
4184:Zizima
4169:Vasada
4129:Tavium
4109:Soanda
4094:Sibora
4079:Sedasa
4064:Sasima
4044:Pyrgoi
4034:Pteria
4029:Posala
4019:Pithoi
4014:Pissia
4004:Phlara
3999:Pharax
3979:Pedaia
3949:Ochras
3934:Nitazi
3919:Myrika
3894:Mnizus
3889:Mistea
3854:Lystra
3849:Limnae
3808:Korama
3798:Kobara
3733:Homana
3723:Herpha
3688:Eulepa
3538:Campae
3513:Barate
3498:Atenia
3478:Armaxa
3448:Aralla
3300:Satala
3285:Samuha
3265:Potami
3225:Patara
3220:Oxinas
3195:Mokata
3165:Kelesa
3145:Hyssus
3090:Garius
3080:Eusene
3060:Elaeus
3035:Cromna
3030:Cromen
3020:Cratia
2990:Cizari
2945:Cabira
2935:Bonita
2920:Armene
2895:Amasia
2837:Tymnos
2832:Tymion
2792:Tomara
2752:Thebes
2707:Temnos
2677:Tabala
2657:Syneta
2652:Synaus
2647:Symbra
2617:Stadia
2602:Smyrna
2547:Sardis
2537:Pyrrha
2532:Pyrnus
2527:Pygela
2522:Pydnae
2507:Priene
2472:Pitane
2457:Pinara
2452:Pidasa
2412:Pepuza
2407:Peltae
2402:Pedasa
2332:Olymos
2327:Olaeis
2302:Notion
2297:Nisyra
2252:Myrina
2247:Myndus
2212:Mylasa
2177:Meiros
2162:Malene
2107:Loryma
2087:Leucae
2082:Leimon
2072:Latmus
2017:Lagina
1992:Kouara
1987:Koresa
1977:Koraia
1967:Knidos
1932:Kaunos
1917:Kasara
1902:Kadyie
1897:Iskome
1882:Ioudda
1747:Glauke
1722:Euxine
1672:Erines
1662:Emoddi
1637:Eibeos
1592:Didyma
1577:Daldis
1552:Conium
1537:Claros
1522:Cindye
1502:Choria
1462:Carura
1452:Carene
1422:Bruzus
1417:Briula
1382:Beudos
1362:Bageis
1332:Attuda
1282:Arilla
1212:Annaea
1197:Amyzon
1172:Almura
1162:Alinda
1089:Aegean
978:
830:
792:
678:
562:Dalida
449:23.6mm
303:Verres
299:Romans
193:Turkey
109:Region
103:Turkey
7540:İznik
7189:Urshu
7184:Urima
7174:Tille
7164:Sitai
7039:Amida
6964:Trysa
6824:Sinda
6764:Selge
6684:Pogla
6619:Perga
6544:Olbia
6484:Mylae
6469:Morka
6434:Meloë
6363:Lyrbe
6358:Lycae
6353:Lissa
6323:Lamos
6318:Lagbe
6303:Korma
6208:Issus
6153:Holmi
6133:Halae
6113:Gagae
5978:Comba
5948:Choma
5923:Casae
5883:Bubon
5873:Baris
5853:Aulae
5843:Augai
5803:Arima
5793:Araxa
5688:Agrae
5683:Aegae
5673:Adada
5570:Tenba
5545:Sykai
5415:Prusa
5390:Prepa
5225:Paeon
5140:Narco
5115:Modra
5075:Lygos
5065:Linus
5045:Libum
5040:Liada
5010:Kypra
4985:Koila
4975:Kepos
4965:Kassa
4935:Kabia
4850:Germa
4770:Deris
4665:Colla
4565:Calpe
4520:Bolos
4460:Baris
4425:Assos
4370:Aprus
4340:Ammoi
4325:Ainos
4310:Agora
4242:Melid
4179:Zeita
4159:Tynna
4154:Tyana
4074:Sbida
3989:Perta
3984:Peium
3944:Nyssa
3874:Meloë
3813:Koron
3698:Germa
3643:Doara
3633:Derbe
3593:Corna
3573:Cinna
3493:Astra
3423:Anisa
3215:Ophis
3205:Nerik
3160:Karza
3150:Ibora
2950:Cales
2905:Ancon
2782:Tisna
2757:Thera
2672:Tabae
2667:Syrna
2612:Spore
2567:Setae
2467:Pisye
2352:Otrus
2282:Naxia
2267:Nasos
2122:Lyrna
2117:Lydae
2112:Lunda
1907:Kaira
1887:Ipsus
1872:Idyma
1862:Iasos
1827:Hydas
1822:Hydai
1772:Helos
1732:Gerga
1692:Euaza
1652:Eluza
1647:Elaea
1597:Digda
1447:Canae
1442:Caloe
1342:Aulae
1327:Attea
1287:Aroma
1257:Appia
1202:Anaua
1142:Airai
1137:Aegae
708:. In
532:as a
426:agora
288:Perge
282:When
250:Cimon
178:Attic
95:Serik
7762:and
7721:and
7632:and
7532:and
7079:Dara
6939:Tlos
6854:Syca
6849:Sura
6834:Soli
6799:Side
6534:Olba
6524:Nisa
6494:Myra
6193:Isba
6158:Hyia
6053:Dias
6018:Crya
5615:Troy
5535:Soka
5275:Pege
5210:Orni
4775:Desa
4645:Cius
4119:Sora
3939:Nora
3738:Hyde
3340:Tium
3245:Pida
2940:Boon
2722:Teos
2687:Taza
2592:Sion
2317:Odon
2262:Nais
2257:Myus
1867:Iaza
1572:Cyme
1432:Cadi
1187:Amos
1157:Alia
976:ISBN
828:ISBN
790:ISBN
676:ISBN
491:Side
428:and
336:The
212:Side
156:Type
6784:Sia
5190:Oka
4925:Ide
4207:Ani
3050:Dia
2842:Ula
2607:Soa
2007:Kys
497:of
489:of
191:of
168:or
7943::
7671:,
808:^
798:.
687:^
536:.
424:,
324:.
260:.
214:.
199:.
101:,
97:,
7736:)
7228:e
7221:t
7214:v
5621:)
5617:(
1073:e
1066:t
1059:v
931:.
857:.
836:.
377:(
362:.
172:(
23:.
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