187:
1106:
558:
It was political instability of this kind, not just in Assuwa but all along the Aegean coast, that the
Mycenaeans were able to exploit. One fragmentary letter mentions Assuwa and Ahhiyawa together, implying that the rebellion of Assuwa may have been supported by the Mycenaeans. Another (ambiguous)
374:
Cline, Eric H. “Achilles in
Anatolia: Myth, History, and the Assuwa Rebellion,” in Crossing Boundaries and Linking Horizons: Studies in Honor of Michael Astour on His 80th Birthday, Gordon D. Young, Mark W. Chavalas, and Richard E. Averbeck, eds. (Bethesda, MD: CDL Press, 1997), pp.
268:
Latacz, Joachim; Windle, Head of the School of
Language Studies Kevin; Windle, Reader in the Department of Classical and Modern European Languages Kevin; Ireland, Visiting Fellow in the School of Language Studes Rosh (28 October 2004).
687:
559:
letter says 'the king of
Ahhiyawa withdrew or retreated' or someone 'relied on the king of Ahhiyawa', so the Mycenaean king was either leading his army in Anatolia or supporting rebellion from afar.
1136:
1131:
153:
bears an inscription suggesting that it was taken from an
Assuwan soldier and left as an offering to the Hittite storm god. Some scholars have speculated that certain details in the
698:
678:
674:
701:
731:
672:
589:
697:
653:
692:
610:
619:
724:
699:
685:
684:
661:
660:
390:
693:
656:
628:
615:
634:
681:
658:
287:
Aswiai ; recorded several times at
Knossos , Pylos , and Mycenae ; evidently refers to women from the region called Assuwa
127:
But when I turned back to
Hattusa, then against me these lands declared war: lugga, Kispuwa, Unaliya, , Dura, Halluwa, Huwallusiya,
646:
639:
635:
582:
515:
Beckman, Gary; Bryce, Trevor; Cline, Eric (2012). "Epilogue: Mycenaean-Hittite
Interconnections in the Late Bronze Age Revisited".
696:
695:
691:
640:
626:
621:
613:
612:
679:
673:
668:
717:
694:
471:
414:
356:
280:
246:
740:
643:
688:
686:
625:
575:
609:
524:
499:
308:
638:
627:
439:
Bryce, Trevor (2011). "The Late Bronze Age in the West and the Aegean". In
Steadman, Sharon; McMahon, Gregory (eds.).
324:
Bryce, Trevor (2011). "The Late Bronze Age in the West and the Aegean". In
Steadman, Sharon; McMahon, Gregory (eds.).
680:
551:
614:
665:
620:
649:
1151:
1040:
675:
659:
644:
633:
616:
648:
618:
671:
541:
1060:
689:
650:
624:
669:
666:
205:
690:
645:
629:
617:
611:
651:
683:
676:
657:
754:
642:
641:
637:
632:
623:
652:
667:
664:
662:
131:, Dunda, Adadura, Parista, , waa, Warsiya, Kuruppiya, luissa, Alatra, Mount Pahurina, Pasuhalta, ,
40:
631:
630:
622:
135:, Taruisa. with their warriors assembled themselves ......... and drew up their army opposite me.
655:
663:
1141:
647:
636:
654:
448:
333:
270:
236:
1055:
682:
670:
159:
could reflect a memory of this conflict, including the seemingly anachronistic character of
429:
Bryce, Trevor. The Kingdom of the Hittites. United Kingdom, Oxford University Press, 1999.
8:
1146:
1085:
976:
598:
112:
Assuwa appears in the historical record around 1400 BC. It is mentioned in six surviving
677:
1090:
1035:
547:
520:
495:
467:
410:
352:
304:
276:
242:
444:
329:
23:
946:
876:
857:
210:
186:
149:
may have supported the rebellion. For instance, a Mycenaean-style sword found at
119:
1045:
842:
709:
160:
123:, which gives a detailed account of the Assuwans' rebellion and its aftermath.
65:
140:
Annals, obv.13'-21', adapted from trans. by Garstang and Gurney (1959: 121-2).
1125:
1110:
1008:
113:
57:
235:
Collins, Billie Jean; Bachvarova, Mary R.; Rutherford, Ian (28 March 2010).
1080:
992:
827:
784:
192:
168:
69:
984:
931:
871:
866:
802:
769:
487:
164:
812:
567:
1065:
1050:
891:
817:
794:
789:
779:
172:
146:
97:
61:
72:. The name was recorded in various centres in Mycenaean Greece as
1075:
1070:
1014:
996:
941:
936:
905:
881:
862:
837:
832:
822:
806:
774:
150:
128:
1004:
1019:
1000:
988:
971:
951:
921:
896:
759:
215:
200:
132:
608:
980:
966:
961:
956:
926:
886:
852:
847:
798:
155:
51:
1137:
States and territories disestablished in the 14th century BC
900:
238:
Anatolian Interfaces: Hittites, Greeks and their Neighbours
234:
1132:
States and territories established in the 15th century BC
267:
292:
64:
around 1400 BC. The confederation formed to oppose the
34:
272:
Troy and Homer: Towards a Solution of an Old Mystery
182:
145:
Circumstantial evidence raises the possibility that
299:Beckman, Gary; Bryce, Trevor; Cline, Eric (2012).
88:Assuwa has been identified in Egyptian records as
514:
298:
1123:
739:
409:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 108–109.
494:. Princeton University Press. pp. 33–35.
725:
583:
317:
303:. Society of Biblical Literature. p. 6.
383:
381:
732:
718:
590:
576:
391:1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed
351:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 107–108.
253:assuwa pylos "aswia" = Linear B A-si-wi-ja
539:
16:1400 BC confederation in western Anatolia
492:1177 BC: The Year Civilization Collapsed
432:
378:
328:. Oxford University Press. pp. 366–367.
263:
261:
597:
449:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0015
441:The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia
407:The Archaeology of Greek and Roman Troy
370:
368:
334:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0015
326:The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia
1124:
713:
571:
486:
461:
438:
346:
323:
258:
466:. Taylor & Francis. p. 59.
404:
365:
13:
519:. Society of Biblical Literature.
14:
1163:
387:
1104:
464:The Trojans and their Neighbours
349:The Trojans and their Neighbours
185:
76:, which later acquired the form
546:. Routledge. pp. 202–203.
533:
508:
480:
455:
423:
398:
340:
228:
96:and in the contemporary Greek
1:
221:
163:as well as references to pre-
741:Ancient kingdoms of Anatolia
405:Rose, Charles Brian (2013).
241:. Oxbow Books. p. 120.
52:
35:
7:
443:. Oxford University Press.
275:. OUP Oxford. p. 281.
206:Ancient regions of Anatolia
178:
10:
1168:
540:Castleden, Rodney (2005).
107:
44:
27:
1099:
1028:
914:
747:
605:
68:, but was defeated under
394:. pp. 35–36, 40–41.
100:script with the demonym
60:of 22 states in western
83:
462:Bryce, Trevor (2005).
347:Bryce, Trevor (2005).
143:
1152:Former confederations
125:
599:History of Anatolia
517:The Ahhiyawa Texts
301:The Ahhiyawa Texts
1119:
1118:
1111:Turkey portal
707:
706:
473:978-0-415-34959-8
416:978-0-521-76207-6
358:978-0-415-34959-8
282:978-0-19-926308-0
248:978-1-78297-475-8
114:Hittite documents
50:
33:
1159:
1109:
1108:
1107:
734:
727:
720:
711:
710:
592:
585:
578:
569:
568:
562:
561:
537:
531:
530:
512:
506:
505:
484:
478:
477:
459:
453:
452:
436:
430:
427:
421:
420:
402:
396:
395:
385:
376:
372:
363:
362:
344:
338:
337:
321:
315:
314:
296:
290:
289:
265:
256:
255:
232:
195:
190:
189:
141:
55:
49:romanized:
48:
46:
38:
32:romanized:
31:
29:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1105:
1103:
1095:
1024:
910:
743:
738:
708:
703:
702:
700:
601:
596:
566:
565:
554:
538:
534:
527:
513:
509:
502:
485:
481:
474:
460:
456:
437:
433:
428:
424:
417:
403:
399:
388:Cline, Eric H.
386:
379:
373:
366:
359:
345:
341:
322:
318:
311:
297:
293:
283:
266:
259:
249:
233:
229:
224:
211:Seha River Land
191:
184:
181:
142:
139:
110:
86:
41:Mycenaean Greek
17:
12:
11:
5:
1165:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
918:
916:
912:
911:
909:
908:
903:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
795:Hurrian States
792:
790:Hittite Empire
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
751:
749:
745:
744:
737:
736:
729:
722:
714:
705:
704:
607:
606:
603:
602:
595:
594:
587:
580:
572:
564:
563:
552:
543:The Mycenaeans
532:
526:978-1589832688
525:
507:
501:978-0691168388
500:
479:
472:
454:
431:
422:
415:
397:
377:
364:
357:
339:
316:
310:978-1589832688
309:
291:
281:
257:
247:
226:
225:
223:
220:
219:
218:
213:
208:
203:
197:
196:
180:
177:
137:
120:Tudhaliya I/II
116:including the
109:
106:
85:
82:
70:Tudhaliya I/II
66:Hittite Empire
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1164:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:Assuwa league
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1112:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1046:Armenia Minor
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1029:Classical Age
1027:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
919:
917:
913:
907:
904:
902:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
808:
804:
800:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
765:Assuwa League
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
752:
750:
746:
742:
735:
730:
728:
723:
721:
716:
715:
712:
604:
600:
593:
588:
586:
581:
579:
574:
573:
570:
560:
555:
553:9781134227822
549:
545:
544:
536:
528:
522:
518:
511:
503:
497:
493:
489:
483:
475:
469:
465:
458:
450:
446:
442:
435:
426:
418:
412:
408:
401:
393:
392:
384:
382:
371:
369:
360:
354:
350:
343:
335:
331:
327:
320:
312:
306:
302:
295:
288:
284:
278:
274:
273:
264:
262:
254:
250:
244:
240:
239:
231:
227:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
198:
194:
188:
183:
176:
175:in Anatolia.
174:
170:
167:escapades of
166:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
136:
134:
130:
124:
122:
121:
115:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
58:confederation
54:
42:
37:
25:
21:
977:Neo-Hittites
764:
557:
542:
535:
516:
510:
491:
482:
463:
457:
440:
434:
425:
406:
400:
389:
348:
342:
325:
319:
300:
294:
286:
271:
252:
237:
230:
154:
144:
126:
117:
111:
101:
93:
89:
87:
77:
73:
19:
18:
1081:Paphlagonia
785:Hayasa-Azzi
488:Cline, Eric
193:Asia portal
169:Bellerophon
1147:Trojan War
1126:Categories
1056:Cappadocia
1036:Antigonids
985:Carchemish
932:Cimmerians
872:Purushanda
867:Sagalassos
803:Kizzuwatna
770:Carchemish
748:Bronze Age
222:References
165:Trojan War
147:Ahhiyawans
118:Annals of
53:a-si-wi-ja
1066:Commagene
1086:Pergamon
1051:Bithynia
915:Iron Age
755:Ahhiyawa
490:(2014).
375:189–210.
179:See also
173:Heracles
138:—
133:Wilusiya
129:Karakisa
98:Linear B
62:Anatolia
56:) was a
45:𐀀𐀯𐀹𐀊
36:aš-šu-wa
1076:Osroene
1071:Galatia
1061:Cilicia
1041:Armenia
1015:Phrygia
997:Kammanu
993:Ḫilakku
942:Diauehi
937:Colchis
906:Zalpuwa
882:Shupria
863:Pisidia
838:Miletus
823:Kussara
813:Kalašma
807:Mitanni
775:Hapalla
151:Hattusa
108:History
102:a-si-ja
94:a-si-ja
24:Hittite
1091:Pontus
1020:Urartu
1001:Kummuh
989:Gurgum
972:Mushki
952:Etiuni
922:Aeolia
897:Wilusa
818:Kaskia
760:Arzawa
550:
523:
498:
470:
413:
355:
307:
279:
245:
216:Wilusa
201:Arzawa
74:Asiwia
28:𒀸𒋗𒉿
20:Assuwa
1009:Tabal
981:Atuna
967:Lydia
962:Lycia
957:Ionia
947:Doris
927:Caria
892:Urumu
887:Urshu
853:Nairi
848:Mysia
833:Luwia
828:Lukka
799:Isuwa
780:Hatti
156:Iliad
1005:Quwê
901:Troy
877:Seha
858:Pala
843:Mira
548:ISBN
521:ISBN
496:ISBN
468:ISBN
411:ISBN
353:ISBN
305:ISBN
277:ISBN
243:ISBN
171:and
161:Ajax
92:and
84:Name
78:Asia
445:doi
330:doi
90:isy
1128::
1007:,
1003:,
999:,
995:,
991:,
987:,
983:,
805:,
801:,
556:.
380:^
367:^
285:.
260:^
251:.
104:.
80:.
47:,
43::
39:;
30:,
26::
1011:)
979:(
899:/
865:/
809:)
797:(
733:e
726:t
719:v
591:e
584:t
577:v
529:.
504:.
476:.
451:.
447::
419:.
361:.
336:.
332::
313:.
22:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.svg){kind=small}