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enclose the scaffolding of the building with dust screens, use impervious sheeting to enclose both material hoist and debris chute, wet debris with water before it is dumped into a debris chute, have water sprayed on the facade surface before and during grinding work, use grinder equipped with vacuum cleaner for facade grinding work, spray water continuously on the surface for any pneumatic or power-driven drilling, cutting, polishing or other mechanical breaking operation that causes dust emission, unless there is the operation of an effective dust extraction and filtering device, provide hoarding of not less than 2.4 m in height along the whole length of the site boundary, have hard paving on open area and wash every vehicle that leaves the construction sites. Use of automatic sprinkler equipment, automatic carwash equipment and installation of video surveillance system for the pollution control facilities and retain the videos for one month for future inspections.
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2435:, and is one of the most important absorbing aerosol species in the atmosphere. It should be distinguished from organic carbon (OC): clustered or aggregated organic molecules on their own or permeating an EC buckyball. Black carbon from fossil fuels is estimated by the IPCC in the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, 4AR, to contribute a global mean radiative forcing of +0.2 W/m (was +0.1 W/m in the Second Assessment Report of the IPCC, SAR), with a range +0.1 to +0.4 W/m. A study published in 2013 however, states that "the best estimate for the industrial-era (1750 to 2005) direct radiative forcing of atmospheric black carbon is +0.71 W/m with 90% uncertainty bounds of (+0.08, +1.27) W/m" with "total direct forcing by all-black carbon sources, without subtracting the preindustrial background, is estimated as +0.88 (+0.17, +1.48) W/m".
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13970:"Taking into account the OR and the prevalences of exposure, the highest PAF was estimated for traffic exposure (7.4%)... ":"... dds ratios and frequencies of each trigger were used to compute population-attributable fractions (PAFs), which estimate the proportion of cases that could be avoided if a risk factor were removed. PAFs depend not only on the risk factor strength at the individual level but also on its frequency in the community. ... he exposure prevalence for triggers in the relevant control time window ranged from 0.04% for cocaine use to 100% for air pollution. ... Taking into account the OR and the prevalences of exposure, the highest PAF was estimated for traffic exposure (7.4%) ...
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recycling collectors, satisfaction of garbage disposal, electric vehicle market share and pollution. On their top ten cleanest cities list, seven are from
California, including Long Beach (No. 1), San Diego (No. 2), Sacramento (No. 3), San Jose (No. 6), Oakland (No. 7), Bakersfield (No. 9), and San Francisco (No. 10). The discrepancies maybe due to the differences in data choice, calculation methods, definitions of "cleanliness" and a large variation of air quality across the same state, etc. This again shows that one need to be very careful when drawing conclusions from the many air quality rankings available on the internet.
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2966:. Besides slag cement that is sold and used as an environmental friendly product, fake (adulterated) cement, where different types of slag, fly ash or other unknown substances are added, is also very common in some places due to the much lower production cost. To address to the quality and toxicity problems, some places are starting to ban the use of EAF slag in cement used in buildings. Composition of welding fumes varies a lot as well and it depends on the metals in the material being welded, the composition of the coatings, electrode, etc., and hence a lot of health problems (e.g.,
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2204:. This inhibits the convective uplift of moisture, which in turn reduces cloud formation. The heating of the atmosphere aloft also leads to a cooling of the surface, resulting in less evaporation of surface water. The effects described here all lead to a reduction in cloud cover i.e. an increase in planetary albedo. The semi-direct effect classified as a climate feedback) by the IPCC due to the interdependence between it and the hydrological cycle. However, it has previously been classified as a negative radiative forcing.
3410:' for its high concentration of cancer related deaths due to neighboring chemical plants. Cancer Alley being a majority African American community, with the neighborhood nearest to the plant being 90% Black, perpetuates the scientific narrative that Black populations are located disproportionately closer to areas of high PM output than White populations. A 2020 article relates the long-term health effects of living in high PM concentrations to increased risk, spread, and mortality rates from the SARS-CoV-2 or
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4164:. DTSC is exercising its authority under the California Health and Safety Code, Chapter 699, sections 57018–57020. These sections were added as a result of the adoption of Assembly Bill AB 289 (2006). They are intended to make information on the fate and transport, detection and analysis, and other information on chemicals more available. The law places the responsibility to provide this information to the department on those who manufacture or import the chemicals.
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5592:'s Shandong Province (22%), North Korea (9%), Beijing (7%), [[Shanghai (5%), and a combined 5% from China's Liaoning Province, Japan and the West Sea. In December 2017, the environmental ministers from South Korea and China signed the China-Korea Environmental Cooperation Plan (2018–22), a five-year plan to jointly solve issues in the air, water, soil and waste. An environmental cooperation centre was also launched in 2018 to aid cooperation.
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indirect effect or
Albrecht effect. This has been observed as the suppression of drizzle in ship exhaust plume compared to ambient clouds, and inhibited precipitation in biomass burning plumes. This cloud lifetime effect is classified as a climate feedback (rather than a radiative forcing) by the IPCC due to the interdependence between it and the hydrological cycle. However, it has previously been classified as a negative radiative forcing.
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3516:. "The response from fossil-fuel interests has been from the same playbook – first they know, then they scheme, then they deny and then they delay. They've fallen back on delay, subtle forms of propaganda and the undermining of regulation," said Geoffrey Supran, a Harvard University researcher of the history of fossil-fuel companies and climate change. These efforts have been compared, by policy analysts such as Carroll Muffett of the
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proximity to particulate emitting facilities increases exposure to PM 2.5 which is linked to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Multiple studies confirm the burden of PM emissions is higher among non-White and poverty ridden populations, though some say that income does not drive these differences. This correlation between race and housing related health repercussions stems from a longstanding
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3376:(WHO) estimated in 2005 that "... fine particulate air pollution (PM(2.5)), causes about 3% of mortality from cardiopulmonary disease, about 5% of mortality from cancer of the trachea, bronchus, and lung, and about 1% of mortality from acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years, worldwide." A 2011 study concluded that traffic exhaust is the single most serious preventable cause of
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less. Manufactured solid fuels must also be certified as 'Ready to Burn' to ensure they meet sulphur and smoke emission limits. Starting from
January 2022, all new wood burning stoves have to meet new EcoDesign standards (Ecodesign stoves produce 450 times more toxic air pollution than gas central heating. Older stoves, which are now banned from sale, produce 3,700 times more).
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direct and indirect aerosol effects. For instance, if absorbing aerosols are present in a layer aloft in the atmosphere, they can heat surrounding air which inhibits the condensation of water vapour, resulting in less cloud formation. Additionally, heating a layer of the atmosphere relative to the surface results in a more stable atmosphere due to the inhibition of atmospheric
2143:) of radiation by a particle. The SSA tends to unity if scattering dominates, with relatively little absorption, and decreases as absorption increases, becoming zero for infinite absorption. For example, the sea-salt aerosol has an SSA of 1, as a sea-salt particle only scatters, whereas soot has an SSA of 0.23, showing that it is a major atmospheric aerosol absorber.
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directed to manufacturers of carbon nanotubes, both industry, and academia within the State, and to manufacturers outside
California who export carbon nanotubes to California. This request for information must be met by the manufacturers within one year. DTSC is waiting for the upcoming 22 January 2010 deadline for responses to the data call-in.
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3202:. PM exposure can cause inflammation, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and impaired oxygen transport access to the placenta, all of which are mechanisms for heightening the risk of low birth weight. Overall epidemiologic and toxicological evidence suggests that a causal relationship exists between long-term exposures to PM
3142:". The association between a large number of deaths and other health problems and particulate pollution was first demonstrated in the early 1970s and has been reproduced many times since. PM pollution is estimated to cause 22,000–52,000 deaths per year in the United States (from 2000) contributed to ~370,000 premature deaths in
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2624:) may pass through the lungs to affect other organs. Penetration of particles is not wholly dependent on their size; shape and chemical composition also play a part. To avoid this complication, simple nomenclature is used to indicate the different degrees of relative penetration of a PM particle into the
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sea salt from dried sea spray. Because the land is concentrated in the
Northern Hemisphere, the amount of small aerosols from fires and human activities is greater there than in the Southern Hemisphere. Overland, patches of large-radius aerosols appear over deserts and arid regions, most prominently, the
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was observed versus particulate matter from ambient air. Furthermore, particulate matter from wildfires have been linked to be a triggering factor of acute coronary events such as ischemic heart disease. Wildfires also have been associated with increased emergency department visits due to particulate
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The
Mongolian government agency recorded a 45% increase in the rate of respiratory illness in the past five years (reported in 2011). Bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and interstitial pneumonia were the most common ailments treated by area hospitals. Levels of premature death,
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The direct aerosol effect consists of any direct interaction of radiation with atmospheric aerosols, such as absorption or scattering. It affects both short and longwave radiation to produce a net negative radiative forcing. The magnitude of the resultant radiative forcing due to the direct effect of
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emitted and rising up from a building under rehabilitation on a
Saturday afternoon, Treasure Garden, Tai Po, Hong Kong. The rehabilitation scheme is subsidised by the government and contract like this can worth up to a hundred million. People are living inside the building throughout the whole period
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Human-produced aerosols such as particle pollution tend to have a smaller radius than aerosol particles of natural origin (such as windblown dust). The false-color maps in the map of distribution of aerosol particles on the right show where there are natural aerosols, human pollution, or a mixture of
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and their respective inequalities in "toxic exposures". This reality is made worse by the finding that "health care occurs in the context of broader historic and contemporary social and economic inequality and persistent racial and ethnic discrimination in many sectors of
American life". Residential
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fibres which can lodge in the lungs. Geometrically angular shapes have more surface area than rounder shapes, which in turn affects the binding capacity of the particle to other, possibly more dangerous substances. The table below lists the colours and shapes of some common atmospheric particulates:
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An increase in cloud droplet number due to the introduction of aerosol acts to reduce the cloud droplet size, as the same amount of water is divided into more droplets. This has the effect of suppressing precipitation, increasing the cloud lifetime, known as the cloud lifetime aerosol effect, second
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Wet scrubbers pass the dirty air through a scrubbing solution (usually a mixture of water and other compounds) allowing the particulate to attach to the liquid molecules. Electrostatic precipitators electrically charge the dirty air as it passes through. The now charged air then passes through large
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dust is also worth worrying. This type of rehabilitation works are very common (over 3000 buildings in the first 6 years of the scheme), especially in some older districts. With such a large amount of dust emitted, it was obvious that neither water was being sprayed nor dust extraction device was in
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In general, the smaller and lighter a particle is, the longer it will stay in the air. Larger particles (greater than 10 micrometers in diameter) tend to settle to the ground by gravity in a matter of hours. The smallest particles (less than 1 micrometer) can stay in the atmosphere for weeks and are
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and dust from certain man-made fibres, which are brittle and break easily (can “proliferate”), can pose greater threats and irritations to humans. Those with sharp edges may be even more problematic. The number, shapes, stickiness, etc. of particulates may also be altered by different meteorological
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The other 60% of the population reside in shantytowns (Ger districts), which have developed due to the country's new market economy and the very cold winter seasons. The poor in these districts cook and heat their wood houses with indoor stoves fueled by wood or coal. The resulting air pollution is
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Key points in the
Colorado Plan include reducing emission levels and solutions by sector. Agriculture, transportation, green electricity, and renewable energy research are the main concepts and goals in this plan. Political programs such as mandatory vehicle emissions testing and the prohibition of
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and developmental outcomes (i.e. low birth weight). Studies investigating the significance of trimester-specific exposure have proven to be inconclusive, and results of international studies have been inconsistent in drawing associations of prenatal particulate matter exposure and low birth weight.
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In a nutshell, while background concentration is important, only "improvement in air quality" or "decrease in ambient concentration of PM" do not necessarily mean better health. The health impact mainly depends on the toxicity (or source) of the particulate matter a person is exposed to, the amount
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In analogy, the inhalable dust fraction is the fraction of dust entering the nose and mouth which may be deposited anywhere in the respiratory tract. The thoracic fraction is the fraction that enters the thorax and is deposited within the lung's airways. The respirable fraction is what is deposited
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Some of the mandatory dust control measures include load, unload, handle, transfer, store or dispose of cement or dry pulverized fuel ash in a completely enclosed system or facility, and fit any vent or exhaust with an effective fabric filter or equivalent air pollution control system or equipment,
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For general building construction, some places that have acknowledged the possible health risks of construction dust for decades legally require the relevant contractor to adopt effective dust control measures, although inspections, fines and imprisonments are rare in recent years (for example, two
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in North Africa and the
Arabian Peninsula, where dust storms are common. Places where human-triggered or natural fire activity is common (land-clearing fires in the Amazon from August–October, for example, or lightning-triggered fires in the forests of northern Canada in Northern Hemisphere summer)
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Seneviratne, S.I.; Zhang, X.; Adnan, M.; Badi, W.; Dereczynski, C.; Di Luca, A.; Ghosh, S.; Iskandar, I.; Kossin, J.; Lewis, S.; Otto, F.; Pinto, I.; Satoh, M.; Vicente-Serrano, S. M.; Wehner, M.; Zhou, B. (2021). Masson-Delmotte, V.; Zhai, P.; Piran, A.; Connors, S.L.; Péan, C.; Berger, S.; Caud,
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Roy, Rajarshi; Schooff, Brian; Li, Xiaolong; Montgomery, Scott; Tuttle, Jacob; Wendt, Jost O. L.; Dickson, Kingsley; Iverson, Brian; Fry, Andrew (1 May 2023). "Ash aerosol particle size distribution, composition, and deposition behavior while co-firing coal and steam-exploded biomass in a 1.5 MWth
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On 22 January 2009, a formal information request letter was sent to manufacturers who produce or import carbon nanotubes in California, or who may export carbon nanotubes into the State. This letter constitutes the first formal implementation of the authorities placed into statute by AB 289 and is
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To mitigate the problem of wood burning, starting from May 2021, traditional house coal (bituminous coal) and wet wood, two of the most polluting fuels, can no longer be sold. Wood sold in volumes of less than 2m must be certified as 'Ready to Burn', which means it has a moisture content of 20% or
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The Semi-direct effect concerns any radiative effect caused by absorbing atmospheric aerosol such as soot, apart from direct scattering and absorption, which is classified as the direct effect. It encompasses many individual mechanisms, and in general is more poorly defined and understood than the
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or baghouses are the most commonly employed in general industry. They work by forcing dust-laden air through a bag-shaped fabric filter leaving the particulate to collect on the outer surface of the bag and allowing the now clean air to pass through to either be exhausted into the atmosphere or in
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The size distribution time series shows that in the planet's most southerly latitudes, nearly all the aerosols are large, but in the high northern latitudes, smaller aerosols are very abundant. Most of the Southern Hemisphere is covered by the ocean, where the largest source of aerosols is natural
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are persistent the risk of particulate exposure increased. Smoke from wildfires may impact sensitive groups such as the elderly, children, pregnant women, and people with lung, and cardiovascular disease. It was found that in the 2008 wildfire season in California, the particulate matter was much
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Particulate mass is not a proper measure of the health hazard. A particle of 10 μm diameter has approximately the same mass as 1 million particles of 100 nm diameter, but is much less hazardous, as it is unlikely to enter the alveoli. Legislative limits for engine emissions based on mass are
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exposure and cognitive decline are not fully understood, research suggests that the fine particles may be able to enter the brain through the olfactory nerve and cause inflammation and oxidative stress, which can damage brain cells and contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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problems. A 2014 meta analysis reported that long term exposure to particulate matter is linked to coronary events. The study included 11 cohorts participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) with 100,166 participants, followed for an average of 11.5 years. An
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Since construction and refurbishment projects are prominent sources of particulate matter, it implicates that such projects, which are very common in some places, should be avoided in health facilities that already commenced and under operation as far as possible. For inevitable projects, better
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and cause health problems. The 10-micrometer size does not represent a strict boundary between respirable and non-respirable particles but has been agreed upon for monitoring of airborne PM by most regulatory agencies. Because of their small size, particles on the order of 10 micrometers or less
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which caused a global cooling of approximately 0.5 °C lasting several years. Research tracking the effect of light-scattering aerosols in the stratosphere during 2000 and 2010 and comparing its pattern to volcanic activity show a close correlation. Simulations of the effect of anthropogenic
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However, another study has come up with a very different conclusion. According to Forbes, a travel insurance comparison site InsureMyTrip conducted a survey of 50 U.S. cities in 2020 and ranked them by cleanliness with criteria like hand sanitizer demand, cleanliness of restaurants, quantity of
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has an annual average mean temperature of about 0 °C, making it the world's coldest capital city. About 40% of the population lives in apartments, 80% of which are supplied with central heating systems from three combined heat and power plants. In 2007, the power plants consumed almost 3.4
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The site and extent of absorption of inhaled gases and vapors are determined by their solubility in water. Absorption is also dependent upon air flow rates and the partial pressure of the gases in the inspired air. The fate of a specific contaminant is dependent upon the form in which it exists
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of the underlying surface, as this affects the net amount of radiation absorbed or scattered to space. For example, if a highly scattering aerosol is above a surface of low albedo it has a greater radiative forcing than if it was above a surface of high albedo. The converse is true of absorbing
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and outgoing terrestrial longwave radiation retained in the Earth's system. This occurs through several distinct mechanisms which are split into direct, indirect and semi-direct aerosol effects. The aerosol climate effects are the biggest source of uncertainty in future climate predictions. The
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Particulate matter studies in Bangkok, Thailand from 2008 indicated a 1.9% increased risk of dying from cardiovascular disease, and 1.0% risk of all disease for every 10 micrograms per cubic meter. Levels averaged 65 in 1996, 68 in 2002, and 52 in 2004. Decreasing levels may be attributed to
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Cyclonic separators are useful for removing large, coarse particles and are often employed as a first step or "pre-cleaner" to other more efficient collectors. Well-designed cyclonic separators can be very efficient in removing even fine particulates, and may be operated continuously without
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smoking indoors are actions taken by local government to create public awareness and participation in cleaner air. The location of Denver next to the Rocky Mountains and wide expanse of plains makes the metro area of Colorado's capital city a likely place for smog and visible air pollution.
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A study in 2000 conducted in the U.S. explored how fine particulate matter may be more harmful than coarse particulate matter. The study was based on six different cities. They found that deaths and hospital visits that were caused by particulate matter in the air were primarily due to fine
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The largest US study on acute health effects of coarse particle pollution between 2.5 and 10 micrometers in diameter was published 2008 and found an association with hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases but no evidence of an association with the number of hospital admissions for
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False-color maps are based on data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Terra satellite. Green: aerosol plumes dominated by larger particles. Red: aerosol plumes dominated by small particles. Yellow: plumes in which large and small aerosol particles are
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1766:. There are evidence that aerosols can "travel across the ocean". For example, in September 2017 wildfires burning across the western United States and Canada, and the smoke was found to have arrived over the United Kingdom and northern France in three days, as shown by satellite images.
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1672:. Some secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) resulting from combustion products of internal combustion engines, have been identified as a danger to health. Particulate toxicity has been found to vary by region and source contribution which affects the particles chemical composition.
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Gillett, Nathan P.; Kirchmeier-Young, Megan; Ribes, Aurélien; Shiogama, Hideo; Hegerl, Gabriele C.; Knutti, Reto; Gastineau, Guillaume; John, Jasmin G.; Li, Lijuan; Nazarenko, Larissa; Rosenbloom, Nan; Seland, Øyvind; Wu, Tongwen; Yukimoto, Seiji; Ziehn, Tilo (18 January 2021).
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Schraufnagel, Dean E.; Balmes, John R.; Cowl, Clayton T.; De Matteis, Sara; Jung, Soon-Hee; Mortimer, Kevin; Perez-Padilla, Rogelio; Rice, Mary B.; Riojas-Rodriguez, Horacio; Sood, Akshay; Thurston, George D.; To, Teresa; Vanker, Anessa; Wuebbles, Donald J. (February 2019).
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Some cities in Northern China and South Asia have had concentrations above 200 μg/m. The PM levels in Chinese cities were extreme between 2010 - 2014, reaching an all-time high in Beijing on 12 January 2013, of 993 μg/m, but has been improving thanks to clean air actions.
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There are a few ways to reduce wood smoke, e.g., buying the right wood heater and maintaining it well, choosing the right firewood and burning it the right way. There are also regulations in some countries where people can report smoke pollution to the local council.
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The California Nano Industry Network and DTSC hosted a full-day symposium on 16 November 2009 in Sacramento, California. This symposium provided an opportunity to hear from nanotechnology industry experts and discuss future regulatory considerations in California.
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In 2023, the amount of smoke that burners in "smoke control areas" - most England's towns and cities - can emit per hour is reduced from 5g to 3g. Violation will result in an on-the-spot fine of up to £300. Those who do not comply may even get a criminal record.
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Tsai, Tsung-Lin; Lin, Yu-Ting; Hwang, Bing-Fang; Nakayama, Shoji F.; Tsai, Chon-Haw; Sun, Xian-Liang; Ma, Chaochen; Jung, Chau-Ren (October 2019). "Fine particulate matter is a potential determinant of Alzheimer's disease: A systemic review and meta-analysis".
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Liu, Qisijing; Wang, Wanzhou; Gu, Xuelin; Deng, Furong; Wang, Xueqin; Lin, Hualiang; Guo, Xinbiao; Wu, Shaowei (February 2021). "Association between particulate matter air pollution and risk of depression and suicide: a systematic review and meta-analysis".
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Riva, Matthieu; Chen, Yuzhi; Zhang, Yue; Lei, Ziying; Olson, Nicole E.; Boyer, Hallie C.; Narayan, Shweta; Yee, Lindsay D.; Green, Hilary S.; Cui, Tianqu; Zhang, Zhenfa; Baumann, Karsten; Fort, Mike; Edgerton, Eric; Budisulistiorini, Sri H. (6 August 2019).
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3101:, developmental disorders, neurodegenerative disorders mental disorders, and premature death. Outdoor fine particulates with diameter less than 2.5 microns accounts for 4.2 million annual deaths worldwide, and more than 103 million disability-adjusted
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to particulate matter, and thus susceptibility to adverse health effects of long term exposure. A U.S. study showed that "the proportions of Black residents in a tract was linked to higher asthma rates". Many scholars link this disproportionality to
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campaigns to sow doubt regarding the causative link between the burning of fossil fuels and major risks to human life. Internal company memoranda reveal that energy industry scientists and executives knew that air pollutants created by fossil fuels
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may be determined to a reasonably high degree of accuracy... the uncertainties relating to aerosol radiative forcings remain large, and rely to a large extent on the estimates from global modeling studies that are difficult to verify at the present
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Flores-Pajot, Marie-Claire; Ofner, Marianna; Do, Minh T.; Lavigne, Eric; Villeneuve, Paul J. (November 2016). "Childhood autism spectrum disorders and exposure to nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter air pollution: A review and meta-analysis".
2420:, where only a fraction of the current sulfur pollution would be needed to avoid multiple degrees of warming, but the assessment of costs and benefits remains incomplete, even with hundreds of studies into the subject completed by the early 2020s.
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5608:, a popular tourist destination, is also deteriorating. Chiang Mai was listed as the most polluted city in a live ranking by a Swiss air quality company on 27 March 2023. The ranking includes data from about 100 world cities for which measured PM
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The pollutants, abundant in urban areas, are less than 0.18 micrometers in size and cause four times more artery buildup than particles four times larger, said Jesus Araujo, director of environmental cardiology at University of California, Los
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Composition of particles can vary greatly depending on their sources and how they are produced. For example, dust emitted from the burning of living and dead vegetation would be different from those emitted from the burning of joss paper or
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Particulate matter can clog stomatal openings of plants and interfere with photosynthesis functions. In this manner, high particulate matter concentrations in the atmosphere can lead to growth stunting or mortality in some plant species.
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contributed to 4.1 million deaths from heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, chronic lung disease, and respiratory infections in 2016. Overall, ambient particulate matter is one of the leading risk factor for premature death globally.
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particulate matter. Similarly, a 1987 study of American air pollution data found that fine particles and sulfates, as opposed to coarser particles, most consistently and significantly correlated to total annual mortality rates in
2659:, which are less than 180 nanometers in size, may be even more damaging to the cardiovascular system. Nanoparticles can pass through cell membranes and migrate into other organs, including the brain. Particles emitted from modern
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Neely III RR, Toon OB, Solomon S, Vernier JP, Alvarez C, English JM, Rosenlof KH, Mills MJ, Bardeen CG, Daniel JS, Thayer JP (2013). "Recent anthropogenic increases in SO2 from Asia have minimal impact on stratospheric aerosol".
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Kholodov A, Zakharenko A, Drozd V, Chernyshev V, Kirichenko K, Seryodkin I, Karabtsov A, Olesik S, Khvost E, Vakhnyuk I, Chaika V, Stratidakis A, Vinceti M, Sarigiannis D, Hayes AW, Tsatsakis A, Golokhvast K (February 2020).
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For any given meteorological conditions, an increase in CCN leads to an increase in the number of cloud droplets. This leads to more scattering of shortwave radiation i.e. an increase in the albedo of the cloud, known as the
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aerosol, with the greatest radiative forcing arising from a highly absorbing aerosol over a surface of high albedo. The direct aerosol effect is a first-order effect and is therefore classified as a radiative forcing by the
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are dominated by smaller aerosols. Human-produced (fossil fuel) pollution is largely responsible for the areas of small aerosols over developed areas such as the eastern United States and Europe, especially in their summer.
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in children of oil industry workers. The industry memos acknowledge that automobiles "are by far the greatest sources of air pollution" and also that air pollution causes adverse health effects and lodges toxins, including
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Shen H, Tsai CM, Yuan CS, Jen YH, Ie IR (January 2017). "How incense and joss paper burning during the worship activities influences ambient mercury concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments of an Asian temple?".
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concentration as well as top soil lead content, indicating that air and soil (e.g., by the inhalation of resuspended soil particles, consuming of contaminated crops or water, etc.) are important sources of lead exposure.
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Volcanoes are a large natural source of aerosol and have been linked to changes in the Earth's climate often with consequences for the human population. Eruptions linked to changes in climate include the 1600 eruption of
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increase in estimated annual exposure to PM 2.5 of just 5 μg/m was linked with a 13% increased risk of heart attacks. Not only affecting human cells and tissues, PM also impacts bacteria which cause disease in humans.
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Stanhill, G.; S. Cohen (2001). "Global dimming: a review of the evidence for a widespread and significant reduction in global radiation with discussion of its probable causes and possible agricultural consequences".
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Patel, Sameer; Sankhyan, Sumit; Boedicker, Erin K.; DeCarlo, Peter F.; Farmer, Delphine K.; Goldstein, Allen H.; Katz, Erin F.; Nazaroff, William W; Tian, Yilin; Vanhanen, Joonas; Vance, Marina E. (16 June 2020).
4420:). Salt Lake City suffers from a weather event known as 'inversion'. Located in a valley, cooler, polluted air is trapped close to ground level under the warmer air above when inversion occurs. On the other hand,
12821:"A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010"
3592:
Most governments have created regulations both for the emissions allowed from certain types of pollution sources (motor vehicles, industrial emissions etc.) and for the ambient concentration of particulates. The
13764:
Maher, Barbara A.; Ahmed, Imad A. M.; Karloukovski, Vassil; MacLaren, Donald A.; Foulds, Penelope G.; Allsop, David; Mann, David M. A.; Torres-Jardón, Ricardo; Calderon-Garciduenas, Lilian (27 September 2016).
14539:"Oil Firms Knew Decades Ago Fossil Fuels Posed Grave Health Risks, Riles Reveal; Exclusive: Documents Seen by Guardian Show Companies Fought Clean-Air Rules Despite Being Aware of Harm Caused by Air Pollution"
2843:
1879:
work, which usually lasts for over a year, and it can be foretold that the residents' exposure to construction dust is even more serious than the occupational exposure of the workers. The possible presence of
1225:
12130:
Lam, Juleen; Sutton, Patrice; Kalkbrenner, Amy; Windham, Gayle; Halladay, Alycia; Koustas, Erica; Lawler, Cindy; Davidson, Lisette; Daniels, Natalyn; Newschaffer, Craig; Woodruff, Tracey (21 September 2016).
5647:
During the winter months, in particular, the air pollution obscures the air, affecting the visibility in the city to such an extent that airplanes on some occasions are prevented from landing at the airport.
5547:
5701:
From the "State of Air 2022" report compiled by the American Lung Association using data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency from 2018 to 2020, California cities are the most polluted cities (by
10567:
Trisos, Christopher H.; Geden, Oliver; Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Sugiyama, Masahiro; van Aalst, Maarten; Bala, Govindasamy; Mach, Katharine J.; Ginzburg, Veronika; de Coninck, Heleen; Patt, Anthony (2021).
5452:
in New South Wales significantly increased during 2004 to 2014. Although the increase did not significantly add to non-attainment statistics the rate of increase has risen each year during 2010 to 2014.
5427:
There are limits to the above survey. For example, not every city in the world is covered, and that the number of monitoring stations for each city would not be the same. The data is for reference only.
4318:. The city is a significant center for the Saudi oil industry and home to both the largest airport in the world and the largest port in the Persian Gulf. It is currently the most polluted city surveyed.
1736:
Satellite measurements of aerosols, called aerosol optical thickness, are based on the fact that the particles change the way the atmosphere reflects and absorbs visible and infrared light. As shown in
16234:
3167:
concluded that eliminating energy-related fossil fuel emissions in the United States would prevent 46,900–59,400 premature deaths each year and provide $ 537–$ 678 billion in benefits from avoided PM
2337:, and were at least 10 times more numerous than the natural aerosols in the most polluted regions of Europe and North America, where they accounted for 25% or more of all air pollution. This led to
3321:
nanoparticles that match precisely the high-temperature magnetite nanospheres, formed by combustion and/or friction-derived heating, which are prolific in urban, airborne particulate matter (PM)."
5636:(PM). Annual seasonal average particulate matter concentrations have been recorded as high as 279 μg/m (micrograms per cubic meter). The World Health Organization's recommended annual mean PM
8571:
1952:. Besides measuring the total mass of particles per unit volume of air (particle mass concentration), sometimes it is more useful to measure the total number of particles per unit volume of air (
1421:
Human-made (anthropogenic) aerosols account for about 10 percent of the total mass of aerosols in the atmosphere as estimated in 2010. The remaining 90 percent comes from natural sources such as
9436:"Increasing Isoprene Epoxydiol-to-Inorganic Sulfate Aerosol Ratio Results in Extensive Conversion of Inorganic Sulfate to Organosulfur Forms: Implications for Aerosol Physicochemical Properties"
2985:
Besides composition, quantity and duration of exposure are also important, since they would affect the triggering and severity of a disease. Particles that get into indoor would directly affect
1932:
Particulates have been measured in increasingly sophisticated ways since air pollution was first systematically studied in the early 20th century. The earliest methods included relatively crude
1248:(a type of heavy equipment commonly used at construction sites and roadworks) demolishing the remnants of the pre-war Postal Train 0880Station (Dworzec Pocztowy) at Jerozolimskie Avenue, Poland
7842:
Liu C, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Deng J, Gao Y, Yu L, Zhang J, Sun H (July 2019). "Widespread distribution of PET and PC microplastics in dust in urban China and their estimated human exposure".
11482:
Li Y, Chen J, Bu S, Wang S, Geng X, Guan G, Zhao Q, Ao L, Qu W, Zheng Y, Jin Y, Tang J (May 2021). "Blood lead levels and their associated risk factors in Chinese adults from 1980 to 2018".
20946:
16687:
11525:
Han Z, Guo X, Zhang B, Liao J, Nie L (June 2018). "Blood lead levels of children in urban and suburban areas in China (1997-2015): Temporal and spatial variations and influencing factors".
7903:
8014:
8028:
15901:
12561:
10434:
Jongebloed, U. A.; Schauer, A. J.; Cole-Dai, J.; Larrick, C. G.; Wood, R.; Fischer, T. P.; Carn, S. A.; Salimi, S.; Edouard, S. R.; Zhai, S.; Geng, L.; Alexander, B. (2 January 2023).
19146:
18855:
18521:
13697:
Fan, Shu-Jun; Heinrich, Joachim; Bloom, Michael S.; Zhao, Tian-Yu; Shi, Tong-Xing; Feng, Wen-Ru; Sun, Yi; Shen, Ji-Chuan; Yang, Zhi-Cong; Yang, Bo-Yi; Dong, Guang-Hui (January 2020).
2151:
The Indirect aerosol effect consists of any change to the Earth's radiative budget due to the modification of clouds by atmospheric aerosols and consists of several distinct effects.
806:
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6954:
18746:
16099:
15100:
5824:
3952:) as of 2015 is 28 μg/m (calculated using the 3-year average of the annual 98th percentile of the daily 24-hr average concentrations) and 10 μg/m (3-year average of annual mean). PM
985:
1741:, an optical thickness of less than 0.1 (palest yellow) indicates a crystal clear sky with maximum visibility, whereas a value of 1 (reddish-brown) indicates very hazy conditions.
18741:
16682:
5829:
980:
13115:
Sapkota A, Chelikowsky AP, Nachman KE, Cohen AJ, Ritz B (1 December 2012). "Exposure to particulate matter and adverse birth outcomes: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis".
8000:
3621:. In 2013, the ESCAPE study involving 312,944 people in nine European countries revealed that there was no safe level of particulates and that for every increase of 10 μg/m in PM
2819:
17519:
16227:
9522:
Legras, Bernard; Duchamp, Clair; Sellitto, Pasquale; Podglajen, Aurélien; Carboni, Elisa; Siddans, Richard; Grooß, Jens-Uwe; Khaykin, Sergey; Ploeger, Felix (23 November 2022).
1953:
15325:
Zhong, Junting; Zhang, Xiaoye; Gui, Ke; Liao, Jie; Fei, Ye; Jiang, Lipeng; Guo, Lifeng; Liu, Liangke; Che, Huizheng; Wang, Yaqiang; Wang, Deying; Zhou, Zijiang (12 July 2022).
3005:
plannings and mitigation measures regarding PM emission should be introduced. Use of power tools, heavy equipments, diesel fuels and potentially toxic building materials (e.g.
1770:
is highest near the source of emission. Any information regarding DPM and the atmosphere, flora, height, and distance from major sources is useful to determine health effects.
15889:
NARSTO (2004) Particulate Matter Science for Policy Makers: A NARSTO Assessment. P. McMurry, M. Shepherd, and J. Vickery, eds. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.
13513:"Long term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of acute coronary events: prospective cohort study and meta-analysis in 11 European cohorts from the ESCAPE Project"
11376:
9199:
Ferek RJ, Garrett T, Hobbs PV, Strader S, Johnson D, Taylor JP, Nielsen K, Ackerman AS, Kogan Y, Liu Q, Albrecht BA, et al. (2000). "Drizzle Suppression in Ship Tracks".
2974:, cancers, nausea, irritation, kidney and liver damage, central nervous system problems, asthma, pneumonia, etc.) can be resulted from the different types of toxic emissions.
16201:
1309:
Dusty materials that are not cleaned up or properly covered (e.g., in construction sites, landfills and ceramics production facilities; ashes left from burning or wildfires).
4160:, announced its intent to request information regarding analytical test methods, fate and transport in the environment, and other relevant information from manufacturers of
3317:, although studies on the link between depression and some air pollutants are not consistent. At least one study has identified "the abundant presence in the human brain of
16062:
15007:
3109:
for death. Air pollution has also been linked to a range of other psychosocial problems. Particulates may cause tissue damage by entering organs directly, or indirectly by
15133:
3274:
and less), the association with coarse particles remained but was no longer statistically significant, which means the effect is due to the subsection of fine particles.
2080:
1701:
15805:
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (the principal international scientific body on climate change) chapter on atmospheric aerosols and their radiative effects
3440:
from wildfires and increased risk of hospitalizations for cardiopulmonary diseases has been discovered. Evidence also suggest wildfire smoke reduces mental performance.
15504:
10073:
16220:
15821:
Jelonek Z, Drobniak A, Mastalerz M, Jelonek I (December 2020). "Environmental implications of the quality of charcoal briquettes and lump charcoal used for grilling".
15242:
14551:"75 Ways Trump Made America Dirtier and the Planet Warmer: In the Past Four Years, Trump has Shredded Environmental Protections for American Lands, Animals and People"
6535:
Lin C, Huang RJ, Duan J, Zhong H, Xu W, Wu Y, Zhang R (April 2022). "Large contribution from worship activities to the atmospheric soot particles in northwest China".
5713:
In mid-2023, air quality in eastern U.S. lowered significantly as particulates from Canada's wildfires blew down. According to NASA, some of the fires were ignited by
3207:
As perinatal outcomes have been associated with lifelong health and exposure to particulate matter is widespread, this issue is of critical public health importance.
17167:
16788:
14483:
9031:"Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis"
8287:
6309:
1686:, consists of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, mineral dust, and organic matter. The particles are hygroscopic due to the presence of sulfur, and SO
15584:
12943:
Ozkaynak, Haluk; Thurston, George D. (December 1987). "Associations Between 1980 U.S. Mortality Rates and Alternative Measures of Airborne Particle Concentration".
3150:. A study by the European Environment Agency estimates that 307,000 people have died prematurely in 2019 due to fine particle pollution in the 27 EU member states.
2935:
Different types of building refurbishment activities produce different kinds of dust too. The composition of PM generated from cutting or mixing concrete made with
14185:
13936:
Nawrot TS, Perez L, Künzli N, Munters E, Nemery B (February 2011). "Public health importance of triggers of myocardial infarction: a comparative risk assessment".
12358:"Air Pollution (Particulate Matter) Exposure and Associations with Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar, Psychosis and Suicide Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"
6158:"Application of Lagrangian particle dispersion models to air quality assessment in the Trans-Manche region of Nord-Pas-de-Calais (France) and Kent (Great Britain)"
3528:
to create doubt regarding the causal connection between cigarette smoking and cancer and to forestall its regulation. In addition, industry-funded advocates, when
3013:, paint, etc.) should be strictly monitored to ensure that patients who are there seeking for disease treatments or chances to survive are not adversely affected.
3629:
there was a 36% increase in lung cancer per 10 μg/m. In a 2014 meta-analysis of 18 studies globally including the ESCAPE data, for every increase of 10 μg/m in PM
16819:
16814:
16809:
16804:
15221:
14698:
11457:[The new version of the pre-sale house contract prohibits "steelmaking furnace slag" and builders will be fined for violations] (in Chinese). 8 May 2019.
10577:
Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
10194:
Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
10105:
Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
2380:
savings valued at $ 50 billion annually in the United States alone. Yet, around the same time, research had shown that sulfate aerosols were affecting both the
1675:
The chemical composition of the aerosol directly affects how it interacts with solar radiation. The chemical constituents within the aerosol change the overall
18848:
17290:
15551:"Chapter 1 - Fly Ash - An Engineering Material - Fly Ash Facts for Highway Engineers - Recycling - Sustainability - Pavements - Federal Highway Administration"
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4291:. Previously it was as one of the most polluted capital cities in the world. An air quality improvement plan in 2017 appears to be showing positive results.
16191:
12868:
12584:"Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts: prospective analyses from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)"
6986:
Orirental Daily News once again revealed that the Yau Tong Concrete Plant violated regulations and emitted a large amount of smoke and dust, up to 40 meters
5659:
from ash ponds, the final disposal place for fly ash that has been collected in settling tanks. Ash ponds are continually eroded by wind during the winter.
5415:
3406:
problem linked to the practice of historic redlining. An example of these factors contextualized is an area of Southeastern Louisiana, colloquially dubbed '
20926:
19022:
17410:
16534:
15925:
Alves, Célia A.; Evtyugina, Margarita; Vicente, Estela; Vicente, Ana; Gonçalves, Cátia; Neto, Ana Isabel; Nunes, Teresa; Kováts, Nora (15 September 2022).
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on cloud albedo compared to ambient clouds. The Cloud albedo aerosol effect is a first order effect and therefore classified as a radiative forcing by the
16177:
15442:
14957:
14435:"Cardiopulmonary Effects of Fine Particulate Matter Exposure among Older Adults, during Wildfire and Non-Wildfire Periods, in the United States 2008-2010"
13885:
Cohen AJ, Ross Anderson H, Ostro B, Pandey KD, Krzyzanowski M, Künzli N, et al. (2005). "The global burden of disease due to outdoor air pollution".
12621:
Cohen AJ, Ross Anderson H, Ostro B, Pandey KD, Krzyzanowski M, Künzli N, et al. (2005). "The global burden of disease due to outdoor air pollution".
10035:
8585:
1940:, which collected the soot deposited in a particular location so it could be weighed. Automated, modern methods of measuring particulates include optical
1668:
field by both scattering and absorption. Some aerosols are predicted to include strongly light-absorbing material and are thought to yield large positive
18985:
17373:
16989:
16524:
13048:
11033:
2368:
Stratospheric sulfates from volcanic emissions cause transient cooling; the purple line showing sustained cooling is from tropospheric sulfate pollution.
15416:
11352:
1894:
electrostatic plates which attract the charged particle in the airstream collecting them and leaving the now clean air to be exhausted or recirculated.
1604:(gaseous) or from biogenic emissions. The precursors for these aerosols—i.e. the gases from which they originate—may have an anthropogenic origin (from
15536:
14522:
Data sources: Markandya & Wilkinson (2007); UNSCEAR (2008; 2018); Sovacool et al. (2016); IPCC AR5 (2014); Pehl et al. (2017); Ember Energy (2021).
8658:
7060:
6868:
6484:
Lee, Giyoon; Ahn, Jinho; Park, Seung-Myung; Moon, Jonghan; Park, Rokjin; Sim, Min Sub; Choi, Hanna; Park, Jinsoo; Ahn, Joon-Young (17 September 2023).
15658:
10535:
8644:
4175:
DTSC is expanding the Specific Chemical Information Call-in to members of the nanometal oxides, the latest information can be found on their website.
2924:. Particles emitted from fuel combustion are not the same as those emitted from waste combustion. The particulate matter generated from the fire of a
18841:
17350:
17192:
16641:
16529:
11799:"Assessing the impact of long-term exposure to nine outdoor air pollutants on COVID-19 spatial spread and related mortality in 107 Italian provinces"
11263:
10989:
Balmes, John R.; Fine, Jonathan M.; Sheppard, Dean (November 1987). "Symptomatic Bronchoconstriction after Short-Term Inhalation of Sulfur Dioxide".
3467:
understood at least since the 1960s that use of their products causes widespread adverse health effects and death but continued aggressive political
10934:
5670:
16723:
15186:
15052:
13698:
8931:
Haywood, James; Boucher, Olivier (November 2000). "Estimates of the direct and indirect radiative forcing due to tropospheric aerosols: A review".
5686:
3945:
2416:, which seeks to replicate and enhance the cooling from sulfate pollution while minimizing the negative effects on health through deploying in the
1999:
13991:
13980:
9747:
17295:
16636:
16613:
14770:
3355:) across the U.S. In the study, regions of the country with a high rate of Parkinson's disease were associated generally with higher levels of PM
2404:
uses the best estimate of 0.5 °C (0.90 °F), with the uncertainty mainly caused by contradictory research on the impacts of aerosols of
15739:"Toxicologic and epidemiologic clues from the characterization of the 1952 London smog fine particulate matter in archival autopsy lung tissues"
11968:
19059:
19054:
19027:
18759:
11104:
Hennig, Frauke; Quass, Ulrich; Hellack, Bryan; Küpper, Miriam; Kuhlbusch, Thomas A. J.; Stafoggia, Massimo; Hoffmann, Barbara (February 2018).
9986:"Chapter 32 – Changes in the Sun's radiation: the role of widespread surface solar radiation trends in climate change: dimming and brightening"
7961:
7689:
3340:
exposure and the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Several epidemiological studies have suggested a link between PM
2400:
models estimate that total cooling from the currently present aerosols is between 0.1 °C (0.18 °F) to 0.7 °C (1.3 °F); the
990:
17:
11412:
20941:
15073:
10876:
moderate volcanic eruptions, rather than anthropogenic influences, are the primary source of the observed increases in stratospheric aerosol.
9905:
4085:
2087:
12582:
Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole; Andersen, Zorana J; Beelen, Rob; Samoli, Evangelia; Stafoggia, Massimo; Weinmayr, Gudrun; et al. (August 2013).
11443:[A look into the property market new regulations. No more slag house. Slag will be banned from 2021] (in Chinese). 10 December 2020.
11106:"Ultrafine and Fine Particle Number and Surface Area Concentrations and Daily Cause-Specific Mortality in the Ruhr Area, Germany, 2009–2014"
9880:
9078:
Charlson RJ, Schwartz SE, Hales JM, Cess RD, Coakley JA, Hansen JE, Hofmann DJ (January 1992). "Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols".
5600:
Air quality of Thailand is getting worse in 2023, which is described as a "post-COVID back-to-normal situation". In addition to the capital
19012:
18960:
15958:
Papachristopoulou, Kyriakoula; Raptis, Ioannis-Panagiotis; Gkikas, Antonis; Fountoulakis, Ilias; Masoom, Akriti; Kazadzis, Stelios (2022).
14748:
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5577:
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15109:
8885:"Indicators of Global Climate Change 2022: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence"
3500:
in the public mind about the necessity of such regulation. Similar lobbying and corporate public relations efforts were undertaken by the
1690:
is converted to sulfate when high humidity and low temperatures are present. This causes reduced visibility and red-orange-yellow colors.
19034:
19007:
18980:
18955:
18454:
15626:
15207:
9382:
Koren I, Kaufman YJ, Remer LA, Martins JV (February 2004). "Measurement of the effect of Amazon smoke on inhibition of cloud formation".
7003:"Identification of cement in atmospheric particulate matter using the hybrid method of laser diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy"
4200:
3594:
1068:
756:
14550:
9131:"Effects of Aerosols on Cloud Albedo: Evaluation of Twomey's Parameterization of Cloud Susceptibility Using Measurements of Ship Tracks"
4212:
To analyse the air pollution trend, 480 cities around the world (Ukraine excluded) was mapped by air experts to calculate the average PM
2831:
1650:. This is mainly because the presence of sulfate and nitrate causes the aerosols to increase to a size that scatters light effectively.
20434:
19683:
16243:
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11578:"Experimental study to quantify airborne particle deposition onto and resuspension from clothing using a fluorescent-tracking method"
10334:
Glassmeier, Franziska; Hoffmann, Fabian; Johnson, Jill S.; Yamaguchi, Takanobu; Carslaw, Ken S.; Feingold, Graham (29 January 2021).
2044:
15994:
15927:"Outdoor charcoal grilling: Particulate and gas-phase emissions, organic speciation and ecotoxicological assessment - ScienceDirect"
15021:
13653:
12253:
Fu, Pengfei; Yung, Ken Kin Lam (15 September 2020). "Air Pollution and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis".
11380:
11222:"Scattering Matrix for Typical Urban Anthropogenic Origin Cement Dust and Discrimination of Representative Atmospheric Particulates"
9685:
7766:
Zalakeviciute, Rasa; Mejia, Danilo; Alvarez, Hermel; Bermeo, Xavier; Bonilla-Bedoya, Santiago; Rybarczyk, Yves; Lamb, Brian (2022).
3948:(CCME). Jurisdictions (provinces and territories) may set more stringent standards. The CCME standard for particulate matter 2.5 (PM
3057:
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20868:
19636:
19631:
19351:
18975:
8256:
8177:
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6669:
Ramadan, Bimastyaji Surya; Rosmalina, Raden Tina; Syafrudin; Munawir; Khair, Hafizhul; Rachman, Indriyani; Matsumoto, Toru (2023).
3398:
1945:
16076:
10708:
McCormick, M. Patrick; Thomason, Larry W.; Trepte, Charles R. (February 1995). "Atmospheric effects of the Mt Pinatubo eruption".
9048:
8631:"Hong Kong eLegislation, AIR POLLUTION CONTROL (CONSTRUCTION DUST) REGULATION (Cap.311 section 43) 16 June 1997, L.N. 304 of 1997"
7799:
Xie Y, Li Y, Feng Y, Cheng W, Wang Y (April 2022). "Inhalable microplastics prevails in air: Exploring the size detection limit".
19626:
18970:
18693:
14517:
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11023:
Nieuwenhuijsen, M.J. (2003). Exposure Assessment in Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology. London: Oxford University Press.
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11415:[City "besieged" with dishonest cement factories, anti-counterfeiting teams found 13 of them in one year] (in Chinese).
11235:
8673:"Enforcement Activities and Statistics under the Air Pollution Control Ordinance and the Ozone Layer Protection Ordinance 2021"
4097:
3155:
1542:
15804:
10383:
Manshausen, Peter; Watson-Parris, Duncan; Christensen, Matthew W.; Jalkanen, Jukka-Pekka; Stier, Philip Stier (7 March 2018).
9901:
7273:
3359:, of which sources include motor vehicles, wildfires, and power plants." While the exact mechanisms behind the link between PM
1850:
some cases recirculated into the facility. Common fabrics include polyester and fiberglass and common fabric coatings include
20741:
19615:
19371:
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16861:
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11426:
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9507:
8687:"Construction contractor fined for carrying out building demolition work in Shek O without appropriate dust control measures"
7726:
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6140:
5922:
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Almost all of the top ten most polluted cities are in the Middle East and Asia. The worst is Dammam in Saudi Arabia with a PM
3347:
Using geospatial analytical techniques, "NIEHS-funded researchers were able to confirm a strong association between cases of
975:
15518:
13191:"The shared pathoetiological effects of particulate air pollution and the social environment on fetal-placental development"
13068:"Maternal Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter ≤2.5 μm During Pregnancy and the Risk for High Blood Pressure in Childhood"
2431:(BC), or carbon black, or elemental carbon (EC), often called soot, is composed of pure carbon clusters, skeleton balls and
20901:
20863:
19466:
19314:
18024:
17836:
16072:
15894:
14011:
Smiley, Kevin T. (2019). "Racial and Environmental Inequalities in Spatial Patterns in Asthma Prevalence in the US South".
13638:
5927:
249:
14594:
10891:
Chung CE, Ramanathan V (2006). "Weakening of North Indian SST Gradients and the Monsoon Rainfall in India and the Sahel".
8515:
4220:
were measured using aqicn.org's World Air Quality Index data, and a formula developed by AirNow was used to convert the PM
1819:, most industries are required to operate some kind of dust collection system. These systems include inertial collectors (
1139:
particles include suspended particulate matter; thoracic and respirable particles; inhalable coarse particles, designated
19319:
18965:
18950:
17989:
17882:
17552:
16130:
13562:"Air pollution alters Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae biofilms, antibiotic tolerance and colonisation"
9949:
2708:
Another complexity not entirely documented is how the shape of PM can affect health, except for the needle-like shape of
376:
296:
16142:
15720:
15386:
11917:
Solimini, Angelo; Filipponi, F.; Fegatelli, D. Alunni; Caputo, B.; De Marco, C. M.; Spagnoli, A.; Vestri, A. R. (2021).
5632:
characterized by raised sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide levels and very high concentrations of airborne particles and
2683:
therefore not protective. Proposals for new regulations exist in some countries, with suggestions to limit the particle
20724:
19416:
19230:
19220:
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15809:
Preining, Othmar and E. James Davis (eds.), "History of Aerosol Science," Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften,
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Air quality trends in the southwestern United States. Blue area shows the range of the middle 80% of monitoring sites.
2163:
tend to be smaller and more numerous than those forming around aerosol particles of natural origin (such as windblown
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13840:"Olfactory cell cultures to investigate health effects of air pollution exposure: Implications for neurodegeneration"
12410:
Lu, Jackson G (April 2020). "Air pollution: A systematic review of its psychological, economic, and social effects".
11211:
Lippmann, M., Cohen, B.S., Schlesinger, R.S. (2003). Environmental Health Science. New York: Oxford University Press.
8320:"Mongolia: Air Pollution in Ulaanbaatar – Initial Assessment of Current Situations and Effects of Abatement Measures"
3301:
2921:
2017:
826:
731:
15476:
15169:
13169:
US EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park Nc, Environmental Media Assessment Group
8543:
3306:
The effects of air pollution and particulate matter on cognitive performance has become an active area of research.
3163:
2329:, had dominated. By 1990, global human-caused emissions of sulfur into the atmosphere became "at least as large" as
2034:
Aerosols have a cooling effect that is small compared to the radiative forcing (warming effect) of greenhouse gases.
19835:
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19002:
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16937:
16745:
16320:
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16282:
11057:"Ambient Particulate Pollutants in the Ultrafine Range Promote Early Atherosclerosis and Systemic Oxidative Stress"
10215:
8714:
6467:
3602:
3344:
exposure and cognitive decline, particularly in the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
2396:
in line with the reduced anthropogenic sulfate pollution, climate change accelerated. As of 2021, state-of-the-art
2073:. The aerosol scale (yellow to dark reddish-brown) indicates the relative amount of particles that absorb sunlight.
1180:
17433:
14936:
11250:"Cargo boat fire put out in Hong Kong's Victoria Harbour after burning for 15 hours and sending fumes across city"
10650:
10569:
8602:[The problem of buying a house: Is it difficult to live in a building under rehabilitation?] (in Chinese).
7295:
2030:
1854:(commonly known as Teflon). The excess dust buildup is then cleaned from the bags and removed from the collector.
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20110:
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12736:
Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL (March 2004). "Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000".
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6157:
4152:
Air quality trends in the western United States. Blue area shows the range of the middle 80% of monitoring sites.
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1061:
771:
534:
116:
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Kanninen, K. M.; Lampinen, R.; Rantanen, L. M.; Odendaal, L.; Jalava, P.; Chew, S.; White, A. R. (1 June 2020).
9648:
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Li, Jie; Du, Huiyun; Wang, Zifa; Sun, Yele; Yang, Wenyi; Li, Jianjun; Tang, Xiao; Fu, Pingqing (1 April 2017).
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9644:
9220:
7641:"Potentially toxic elements pollution in road deposited sediments around the active smelting industry of Korea"
6928:
6278:
3477:
3147:
15462:
12356:
Braithwaite, Isobel; Zhang, Shuo; Kirkbride, James B.; Osborn, David P. J.; Hayes, Joseph F. (December 2019).
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14054:"Erratum: Eur. Phys. J. C.22, 695–705 (2002) – DOI 10.1007/s100520100827 Published online: 7 December 2001".
11359:
9499:
8572:"Hong Kong watchdog arrests 49 suspects in housing renovation scam involving contracts worth HK$ 500 million"
7986:
7752:
7421:
Sharma R, Sharma M, Sharma R, Sharma V (2013). "The impact of incinerators on human health and environment".
3468:
2498:
1957:
1545:. Sea salt is considered the second-largest contributor in the global aerosol budget, and consists mainly of
1006:
456:
35:
15272:"Rapid formation of a severe regional winter haze episode over a mega-city cluster on the North China Plain"
14100:
Mikati, Ihab; Benson, Adam F.; Luben, Thomas J.; Sacks, Jason D.; Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer (1 April 2018).
12693:; Seskin, Eugene P. (June 1973). "An Analysis of the Association between U.S. Mortality and Air Pollution".
10791:
8756:
6386:
4389:. It was once the most polluted capital city in Europe and still has a long way to go to achieve clean air.
3131:
particulate air pollution "is consistently and independently related to the most serious effects, including
3113:. Adverse effects may occur even at exposure levels lower than published air quality standards deemed safe.
2575:
via cilia and mucus, but particulate matter smaller than about 10 micrometers can settle in the bronchi and
2376:
measures and other pollution controls were largely successful, reducing their prevalence by 53% and causing
2179:. Evidence supporting the cloud albedo effect has been observed from the effects of ship exhaust plumes and
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McCoy, Daniel T.; Field, Paul; Gordon, Hamish; Elsaesser, Gregory S.; Grosvenor, Daniel P. (6 April 2020).
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2401:
1910:
Besides removing particulates from the source of pollution, they may also be cleaned in the open air (e.g.
1750:
1450:
544:
396:
371:
166:
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14204:
12080:"Maternal exposure to air pollution and risk of autism in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
11661:"The effects of particulate matter sources on daily mortality: a case-crossover study of Barcelona, Spain"
11292:
8884:
7601:
6808:
6588:"Heavy metals emissions from joss paper burning rituals and the air quality around a specific incinerator"
6586:
Giang, Lam Van; Thanh, Tran; Hien, Truong Thanh; Tan, Lam Van; Thi Bich Phuong, Tran; Huu Loc, Ho (2021).
1738:
1656:(OM) found in aerosols can be either primary or secondary, the latter part deriving from the oxidation of
1503:
Global aerosols portrait produced by a GEOS-5 simulation at a 10-km resolution, August 2006 - April 2007.
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Air quality trends in the United States. Blue area shows the range of the middle 80% of monitoring sites.
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655:
406:
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13742:
11293:"Use of hazardous electric arc furnace dust in the construction industry: A cleaner production approach"
9029:
Forster P, Ramaswamy V, Artaxo P, Berntsen T, Betts R, Fahey DW, Haywood J, et al. (October 2007).
3194:
is associated with elevated risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as low birth weight. Exposure to PM
1936:, which were grey-shaded cards against which emissions from smokestacks could be visually compared, and
1191:
as they can penetrate deep into the lungs and brain from blood streams, causing health problems such as
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17679:
17139:
17097:
14333:"Associations between respiratory health and ozone and fine particulate matter during a wildfire event"
12992:-Related Air Quality Health Benefits From the Removal of Energy-Related Emissions in the United States"
12896:"Association of fine particulate matter from different sources with daily mortality in six U.S. cities"
12560:
Carrington, Damian; McMullan, Lydia; Blight, Garry; Roberts, Simon; Hulley-Jones, Frank (17 May 2019).
10283:
9839:"Effect of sulfate aerosol on tropospheric NOx and ozone budgets: Model simulations and TOPSE evidence"
9708:
5885:
5853:
3081:
The effects of inhaling particulate matter that have been widely studied in humans and animals include
1828:
1529:, including particles, depends on their source and atmospheric chemistry and varies widely. Wind-blown
1520:
1054:
411:
261:
91:
This diagram shows types, and size distribution in micrometres (μm), of atmospheric particulate matter.
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15883:
15271:
14778:
13839:
13511:
Cesaroni G, Forastiere F, Stafoggia M, Andersen ZJ, Badaloni C, Beelen R, et al. (January 2014).
11162:
10436:"Underestimated Passive Volcanic Sulfur Degassing Implies Overestimated Anthropogenic Aerosol Forcing"
6587:
6485:
6387:"STATE OF GLOBAL AIR/2018 A SPECIAL REPORT ON GLOBAL EXPOSURE TO AIR POLLUTION AND ITS DISEASE BURDEN"
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8386:"Behaviour Study of Particulate Matter and Chemical Composition with Different Combustion Strategies"
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would be different from those generated from cutting or mixing concrete made with different types of
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1927:
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1665:
1657:
786:
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364:
331:
181:
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12133:"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Multiple Airborne Pollutants and Autism Spectrum Disorder"
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Ostro, B.; Tobias, A.; Querol, X.; Alastuey, A.; Amato, F.; Pey, J.; Pérez, N.; Sunyer, J. (2011).
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8686:
6671:"Potential Risks of Open Waste Burning at the Household Level: A Case Study of Semarang, Indonesia"
6253:
5511:
4161:
3564:
3493:
3258:
3122:
2890:
2373:
2136:
1467:
annually, with domestic wood burning in both closed stoves and open fires responsible for 38% of PM
1331:
781:
401:
336:
273:
30:
This article is about particles suspended in air. For general discussion of particulate types, see
16212:
15672:
Liu XQ, Huang J, Song C, Zhang TL, Liu YP, Yu L (2023). "Neurodevelopmental toxicity induced by PM
15505:"Air pollution hospitalises 200,000 in one week as fumes, emissions and smoke descend on Thailand"
15414:
15077:
13457:"Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution"
11854:
Kiser, Daniel; Elhanan, Gai; Metcalf, William J.; Schnieder, Brendan; Grzymski, Joseph J. (2021).
11633:
8826:
8613:
7095:
6279:"EHP – Outdoor Particulate Matter Exposure and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"
5588:
in May and June 2016 came from local emissions. The rest was trans-boundary pollution coming from
2849:
Scanning electron microscopy of mortar glass powder (10%) which seems to have fibre-like structure
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10282:
Rosenfeld, Daniel; Zhu, Yannian; Wang, Minghuai; Zheng, Youtong; Goren, Tom; Yu, Shaocai (2019).
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8883:
Forster, Piers M.; Smith, Christopher J.; Walsh, Tristram; Lamb, William F.; et al. (2023).
8728:
8056:
3513:
811:
766:
386:
16086:
15604:
15258:
emissions of a key pollutant linked to respiratory illness have doubled over the past five years
14619:
Hamra GB, Guha N, Cohen A, Laden F, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Samet JM, et al. (September 2014).
11736:
Renard, J. B.; Surcin, J.; Annesi-Maesano, I.; Delaunay, G.; Poincelet, E.; Dixsaut, G. (2022).
11468:
8346:
5401:
2977:
Studies have found that blood lead levels of people in China are highly correlated to ambient PM
2474:
Aerosols are also thought to affect weather and climate on a regional scale. The failure of the
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16341:
14102:"Disparities in Distribution of Particulate Matter Emission Sources by Race and Poverty Status"
13824:
11919:"A global association between Covid-19 cases and airborne particulate matter at regional level"
10284:"Aerosol-driven droplet concentrations dominate coverage and water of oceanic low level clouds"
9037:. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press. pp. 129–234.
7555:"Respirable nano-particulate generations and their pathogenesis in mining workplaces: a review"
7554:
7162:
Bruschweiler ED, Danuser B, Huynh CK, Wild P, Schupfer P, Vernez D, Boiteux P, Hopf NB (2012).
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436:
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12078:
Chun, HeeKyoung; Leung, Cheryl; Wen, Shi Wu; McDonald, Judy; Shin, Hwashin H. (January 2020).
8742:
8588:[Will you move out because there is building exterior wall repair work?] (in Chinese).
8467:"Effect of Inlet Air Volumetric Flow Rate on the Performance of a Two-Stage Cyclone Separator"
7230:"Indoor Particulate Matter during HOMEChem: Concentrations, Size Distributions, and Exposures"
1120:, as opposed to the particulate matter alone. Sources of particulate matter can be natural or
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Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H, et al. (December 2012).
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8418:
6955:"SF Concrete Plant That Was Focus of NBC Bay Area Investigative Report, Ordered to Shut Down"
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14621:"Outdoor particulate matter exposure and lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
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13240:
Lee PC, Talbott EO, Roberts JM, Catov JM, Bilonick RA, Stone RA, et al. (August 2012).
10685:
9033:. In Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL (eds.).
8118:
Perraud V, Bruns EA, Ezell MJ, Johnson SN, Yu Y, Alexander ML, et al. (February 2012).
6718:"Personal exposures to particulate matter <2.5 μm in mass median aerodynamic diameter (PM
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due to their ability to penetrate deep into the lungs and blood streams unfiltered, causing
3496:, an industry lobby group, to derail governments' attempts to regulate air pollution and to
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Hussey SJ, Purves J, Allcock N, Fernandes VE, Monks PS, Ketley JM, et al. (May 2017).
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6432:
Omidvarborna; et al. (2015). "Recent studies on soot modeling for diesel combustion".
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6128:
5572:(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). According to a study conducted by
5203:
4709:
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3393:
3179:
Higher rates of infertility have been correlated with exposure to particulates. Maternal PM
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2948:
2645:
2409:
1815:
Particulate matter emissions are highly regulated in most industrialized countries. Due to
1121:
461:
194:
12986:
Mailloux, Nicholas A.; Abel, David W.; Holloway, Tracey; Patz, Jonathan A. (16 May 2022).
12676:
11988:
8846:"X-ray spectrometry for particulate air pollution—a quantitative comparison of techniques"
7917:
Hawkes N (May 2015). "Air pollution in UK: the public health problem that won't go away".
6329:"Recent Insights into Particulate Matter (PM2.5)-Mediated Toxicity in Humans: An Overview"
2700:(aerosol or particulate). Inhalation also depends upon the breathing rate of the subject.
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14386:) exposure during a prolonged wildfire period and emergency department visits for asthma"
13699:"Ambient air pollution and depression: A systematic review with meta-analysis up to 2019"
12193:
Weisskopf, Marc G.; Kioumourtzoglou, Marianthi-Anna; Roberts, Andrea L. (December 2015).
11969:"With metals and maybe even coronavirus, wildfire smoke is more dangerous than you think"
10487:"What goes up must come down: impacts of deposition in a sulfate geoengineering scenario"
10196:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 3–32,
9693:
9651:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 31–34,
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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matter exposure, as well as an increased risk of asthma related events. A link between PM
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15918:"Hong Kong's illegal barbecue site something to chew on | South China Morning Post"
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8614:"Operation Building Bright improves living environment of residents (with photos/video)"
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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Atmospheric aerosols affect the climate of the Earth by changing the amount of incoming
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Haikerwal A, Akram M, Del Monaco A, Smith K, Sim MR, Meyer M, et al. (July 2015).
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14186:"Racism turned their neighborhood into 'Cancer Alley.' Now they're dying from COVID-19"
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Woodruff TJ, Parker JD, Darrow LA, Slama R, Bell ML, Choi H, et al. (April 2009).
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Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) webmaster@defra gsi gov uk.
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15463:"NASA and NIER study finds that 48% of particulate matter comes from outside S. Korea"
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10141:"Constraining human contributions to observed warming since the pre-industrial period"
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regions of the lung (alveoli), and very small particles (ultrafine particulate matter
2599:. When asthmatics are exposed to these conditions it can trigger bronchoconstriction.
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15810:
15768:
15727:
Particulate matter from tobacco versus diesel car exhaust: an educational perspective
15713:
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15307:
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13871:
13859:
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13602:
13542:
13486:
13434:
13385:
13336:
13279:
13222:
13097:
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12753:
12718:
12646:
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12542:
12496:
12484:
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12387:
12337:
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12172:
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12057:
12002:
11973:
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11899:
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11779:
11690:
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11324:
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11186:
11143:
11125:
11086:
11006:
10516:
10482:
10467:
10416:
10365:
10308:
10175:
10015:
10001:
9811:
9793:
9743:
9592:
9549:
9523:
9503:
9481:
9463:
9407:
9364:
9335:
Ackerman AS, Toon OB, Stevens DE, Heymsfield AJ, Ramanathan V, Welton EJ (May 2000).
9103:
8960:
8865:
8496:
8238:
8159:
7934:
7867:
7824:
7722:
7670:
7586:
7535:
7490:
7476:
7438:
7403:
7348:
7265:
7257:
7195:
7164:"Generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during woodworking operations"
7144:
7042:
6896:
6793:
6753:
6702:
6690:
6651:
6611:
6572:
6560:
6521:
6509:
6368:
6350:
6231:
6136:
5732:
4326:
3505:
3448:
2667:, or DPM) are typically in the size range of 100 nanometers (0.1 micrometers). These
2564:
2449:
2070:
1871:
1669:
679:
602:
595:
549:
416:
206:
201:
111:
16160:
Current global map of the aerosol optical thickness of organic matter in green light
15909:
15842:
14419:
13965:
13922:
13722:
13144:
12765:
12658:
11765:
11562:
11546:
10920:
10871:
10737:
10320:
10242:
9419:
9252:"TRMM observed first direct evidence of smoke from forest fires inhibiting rainfall"
9236:
9115:
8264:
8207:
Schiffer, J. M.; Mael, L. E.; Prather, K. A.; Amaro, R. E.; Grassian, V. H. (2018).
8185:
8096:
7946:
7450:
7309:
Henneman L, Choirat C, Dedoussi I, Dominici F, Roberts J, Zigler C (November 2023).
7115:"Exposure to welding fumes is associated with acute systemic inflammatory responses"
6505:
4956:
1479:
wood smoke may be responsible for 60% of fine particle air pollution in the winter.
21006:
20761:
20756:
20339:
20045:
19943:
19938:
19933:
19850:
19426:
19421:
19396:
19195:
19168:
18647:
18548:
18506:
18474:
18368:
18322:
18282:
18189:
18157:
18125:
18110:
18094:
18069:
17854:
17808:
17514:
17395:
17345:
16927:
16447:
16421:
16002:
15979:
15942:
15938:
15838:
15758:
15750:
15721:
InsideEPA.com, Study Links Air Toxics To Heart Disease In Mice Amid EPA Controversy
15693:
15350:
15291:
14640:
14632:
14484:"What is 'smoke brain'? How air pollution can harm our cognition and mental health"
14454:
14446:
14397:
14352:
14303:
14295:
14250:
14242:
14161:
14121:
14113:
14071:
14020:
13945:
13902:
13851:
13796:
13786:
13718:
13592:
13584:
13532:
13524:
13476:
13468:
13424:
13416:
13375:
13367:
13326:
13318:
13269:
13261:
13212:
13202:
13132:
13087:
13079:
13019:
13011:
12960:
12915:
12907:
12840:
12832:
12791:
12745:
12706:
12702:
12638:
12595:
12583:
12532:
12524:
12476:
12419:
12377:
12369:
12317:
12262:
12222:
12214:
12162:
12152:
12099:
12049:
12010:
11940:
11930:
11889:
11879:
11826:
11818:
11769:
11761:
11680:
11672:
11605:
11601:
11597:
11542:
11499:
11312:
11178:
11133:
11117:
11076:
11068:
10998:
10908:
10857:
10849:
10799:
10772:
10725:
10631:
10592:
10506:
10455:
10406:
10396:
10355:
10298:
10262:
10197:
10163:
10120:
9993:
9966:
9909:
9858:
9823:
9801:
9785:
9731:
9584:
9535:
9471:
9455:
9399:
9356:
9315:
9271:
9224:
9216:
9181:
9150:
9095:
8998:
8948:
8907:
8857:
8486:
8478:
8393:
8228:
8220:
8149:
8139:
7926:
7859:
7816:
7779:
7732:
7714:
7660:
7652:
7621:
7602:"Particulates from mining operations: A review of sources, effects and regulations"
7574:
7525:
7517:
7468:
7430:
7393:
7383:
7338:
7330:
7249:
7229:
7185:
7175:
7134:
7126:
7032:
7022:
6832:
6828:
6781:
6743:
6733:
6682:
6643:
6599:
6552:
6501:
6449:
6358:
6340:
6221:
6211:
6172:
5873:
5791:
3525:
3521:
3457:
3443:
3183:
exposure during pregnancy is also associated with high blood pressure in children.
3098:
2990:
2971:
2346:
2291:
2263:
1933:
1676:
1653:
1643:
form as sulfuric acid (liquid aerosol droplets) and nitric acid (atmospheric gas).
1636:
1632:
1628:
1574:
1538:
1516:
939:
836:
776:
662:
615:
564:
524:
499:
484:
466:
441:
381:
266:
216:
18833:
16182:
16164:
15243:"Call for action on pollution as emissions linked to respiratory illnesses double"
14993:
14914:
14331:
Reid CE, Considine EM, Watson GL, Telesca D, Pfister GG, Jerrett M (August 2019).
11316:
11072:
10612:"Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment"
9665:
9360:
9185:
8757:"Achievements in environmental pollution control on construction activities, 2004"
8729:"Management Regulations for Construction Project Air Pollution Control Facilities"
7213:
7027:
6670:
2567:
it will come to rest when inhaled. Larger particles are generally filtered in the
86:
21001:
20973:
20615:
20529:
20524:
20469:
20459:
20449:
20379:
20319:
20234:
20219:
20040:
20035:
20010:
20005:
19875:
19799:
19559:
19476:
19456:
19436:
19336:
19185:
18511:
18421:
18387:
18272:
18226:
18152:
18079:
17999:
17902:
17844:
17699:
17233:
16618:
16590:
16315:
15663:
15295:
15190:
14357:
14332:
13855:
13322:
13265:
12423:
12321:
12157:
12104:
12079:
12053:
11503:
11182:
10692:
10657:
9884:
9774:"Association between air pollution and low birth weight: a community-based study"
9735:
9672:
9099:
7863:
7820:
7625:
6809:"Ambient exposure to coarse and fine particle emissions from building demolition"
6785:
6556:
5917:
5736:
5487:
in Guangzhou and displays readings on its official website and social platforms.
5008:
4216:
level of the first nine months of 2019 against that of 2022. Average levels of PM
3618:
3384:
conversions of diesel to natural gas combustion as well as improved regulations.
3234:
3136:
3102:
2936:
2506:
2180:
2039:
1546:
1476:
1303:
724:
684:
554:
519:
451:
391:
319:
256:
156:
15208:"The Cities Where Air Pollution Has Increased and Decreased the Most since 2019"
14380:
Haikerwal A, Akram M, Sim MR, Meyer M, Abramson MJ, Dennekamp M (January 2016).
12528:
11002:
7718:
6603:
4588:, home to the world's tallest building. In the bottom ten are three cities from
3944:
the standard for particulate matter is set nationally by the federal-provincial
2956:
1679:. The refractive index will determine how much light is scattered and absorbed.
20751:
20648:
20424:
20404:
20369:
20304:
20224:
20065:
20055:
19964:
19814:
19784:
19739:
19734:
19586:
19481:
19381:
19309:
19096:
18824:
18558:
18444:
18401:
18395:
18391:
18236:
18221:
18172:
18162:
18074:
17928:
17684:
17655:
17451:
16984:
16974:
16559:
16416:
16081:
15867:
Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles
14958:"Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) for Fine Particulate Matter (PM
14501:
12480:
11935:
11884:
11822:
10511:
10486:
10401:
10167:
8558:"DEVB - Press Releases: Operation Building Bright launched (with photos, 2009)"
8224:
8124:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
8070:
7709:
Chandrappa, R.; Chandra Kulshrestha, U. (2016). "Air Pollution and Disasters".
7656:
7578:
6722:) pollution during the burning of six most commonly used firecrackers in India"
6453:
6192:"Thoracic and respirable particle definitions for human health risk assessment"
5932:
5819:
5762:
5484:
5445:
4522:
is the only U.S. city in the top ten list, ranking tenth with levels of 4
4393:
4156:
In October 2008, the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), within the
3965:
3287:
3278:
chronic bronchitis, and cardiovascular disease are increasing at a rapid rate.
3242:
3198:
has been associated with greater reductions in birth weight than exposure to PM
2967:
2625:
2475:
2467:
2389:
2251:
2218:
2052:
1941:
1846:
1804:
1793:
1593:
1456:
1299:
1286:(including activities of building rehabilitation/ refurbishment or demolition).
1042:
846:
746:
701:
694:
689:
446:
141:
16112:
16068:
Controlling construction dust with on-tool extraction (4 page PDF with photos)
15984:
15798:
Voiland, Adam. "Aerosols: Tiny Particles, Big Impact." NASA, 2 November 2010,
15697:
15355:
14075:
13906:
13420:
13136:
12642:
12218:
11167:
in the air of cities around the world: Are they representative of each other?"
10596:
10481:
Visioni, Daniele; Slessarev, Eric; MacMartin, Douglas G; Mahowald, Natalie M;
10201:
10124:
9540:
9500:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics — From Air Pollution to Climate Change.
8912:
8288:"Scientists Find New Dangers in Tiny but Pervasive Particles in Air Pollution"
6968:
5628:
million tons of coal. The pollution control technology is in poor condition.
4183:
2065:
1441:, emitting particulates such as volcanic ash, desert dust, soot and sea salt.
21051:
20833:
20684:
20579:
20544:
20314:
20309:
20264:
20259:
20105:
20080:
20075:
20050:
20020:
19890:
19789:
19769:
19749:
19660:
19569:
19524:
19504:
19326:
19101:
18809:
18578:
18479:
18265:
18194:
17966:
17714:
17578:
17360:
17214:
17076:
16894:
16765:
16718:
16305:
16247:
15364:
15303:
14117:
13455:, Burnett RT, Thun MJ, Calle EE, Krewski D, Ito K, Thurston GD (March 2002).
13452:
12749:
12722:
12714:
11129:
10520:
10267:
9984:
Cohen, Shabtai; Stanhill, Gerald (1 January 2021), Letcher, Trevor M. (ed.),
9797:
9709:"Long-Term Effects of Acid Rain: Response and Recovery of a Forest Ecosystem"
9596:
9467:
8482:
8357:
7261:
6694:
6354:
6176:
5814:
5449:
4774:
3614:
3606:
3481:
3238:
3216:
2925:
2660:
2486:
2381:
2364:
2342:
2322:
2259:
2176:
1963:
To measure the atomic composition of particulate samples, techniques such as
1937:
1918:, and water truck), while other control measures employ the use of barriers.
1903:
prosecutions with a total fines of HKD$ 6000 in Hong Kong in the year 2021).
1729:
1597:
1398:
1366:
1346:
1204:
1188:
1154:
1125:
1025:
861:
351:
346:
341:
99:
16173:
16006:
15902:"70 years since the great London smog 1952, air quality in a modern context"
14299:
14149:
13791:
13588:
13472:
13242:"Ambient air pollution exposure and blood pressure changes during pregnancy"
11742:
pollution and Covid-19 mortality in Western Europe for the 2020–2022 period"
11338:
10360:
10335:
10303:
9459:
9403:
8419:"Effect Of Particulate Matter On Plants Climate, Ecosystem and Human Health"
8144:
7434:
7334:
7253:
7180:
7130:
6308:
Wasley, Andrew; Heal, Alexandra; Harvey, Fiona; Lainio, Mie (13 June 2019).
6216:
4271:(Ulaanbaatar), the capital city of Mongolia, is performing the best, with PM
3492:
In response to mounting public concern, the industry eventually created the
2521:
has been steadily shifting tropical rainfall in both hemispheres southward.
2372:
Once the problem became clear, the efforts to remove this pollution through
2103:
Particulates in the air causing shades of orange, yellow, pink, and grey in
1682:
The composition of particulate matter that generally causes visual effects,
1252:
Human activities generate significant amounts of particulates. For example:
21011:
20689:
20589:
20564:
20559:
20554:
20484:
20419:
20299:
20269:
20209:
20204:
20179:
20090:
19969:
19885:
19809:
19794:
19262:
19257:
19245:
19190:
18878:
18599:
18573:
18553:
18377:
18340:
18304:
17940:
17887:
17763:
17719:
17633:
17400:
17337:
17055:
16969:
16380:
15850:
15772:
15705:
15676:
Exposure and its possible role in Neurodegenerative and mental disorders".
15585:"The Dirtiest And Cleanest Cities In America (The Worst Will Surprise You)"
15415:
Consulate General of the United States of America Guangzhou, China (n.d.).
15311:
15222:"Mapped: New Survey Shows Air Pollution Changes In Cities Around The World"
14654:
14468:
14411:
14366:
14317:
14264:
14231:"California wildfires of 2008: coarse and fine particulate matter toxicity"
14165:
14135:
14036:
13957:
13914:
13863:
13810:
13730:
13606:
13546:
13490:
13389:
13340:
13299:"Methodological issues in studies of air pollution and reproductive health"
13283:
13226:
13101:
13033:
12929:
12854:
12757:
12650:
12607:
12546:
12488:
12431:
12391:
12329:
12274:
12248:
12246:
12236:
12176:
12113:
12061:
12014:
11954:
11903:
11840:
11783:
11694:
11619:
11554:
11511:
11190:
11147:
11090:
10959:
10420:
10369:
10312:
9485:
9411:
9368:
9107:
8500:
8443:
8242:
8163:
8120:"Nonequilibrium atmospheric secondary organic aerosol formation and growth"
7938:
7871:
7828:
7674:
7539:
7442:
7407:
7388:
7352:
7269:
7199:
7148:
7046:
6757:
6655:
6564:
6513:
6372:
6345:
6235:
5809:
5751:
5385:
5320:
5138:
4657:
3407:
3377:
3325:
3263:
2963:
2861:
Scanning electron microscopy of white asbestos with needle-like shape fibre
2656:
2614:
2479:
2459:
2428:
2417:
2172:
2159:(CCN). Droplets condensing around human-produced aerosols such as found in
1949:
1832:
1589:
1530:
1381:
1353:
1312:
1283:
1277:
1265:
894:
856:
841:
672:
637:
582:
301:
14024:
13438:
13371:
13207:
12972:
11010:
10803:
10382:
9815:
8869:
8845:
7521:
5555:(European Air Quality Index) during time slot in a city in Italy 2019–2020
2825:
Scanning electron microscopy of glass powder originated from glass bottles
2341:, and also contributed to heart and lung conditions and even the risk of
21021:
20663:
20620:
20594:
20534:
20514:
20509:
20384:
20344:
20329:
20274:
20199:
20169:
20164:
19980:
19845:
19764:
19376:
19331:
19200:
19173:
18536:
18531:
18216:
18211:
18182:
18147:
18120:
17650:
17071:
16732:
16713:
16651:
16475:
16067:
15957:
13165:"2009 Final Report: Integrated Science Assessment for Particulate Matter"
13015:
12911:
12690:
11723:"Architectural Services Department - Capital Projects Under Construction"
10459:
9931:
Moses, Elizabeth; Cardenas, Beatriz; Seddon, Jessica (25 February 2020).
9863:
9838:
9789:
9524:"The evolution and dynamics of the Hunga Tonga plume in the stratosphere"
9276:
9251:
8952:
8397:
6490:
sulfate in Seoul, South Korea during winter and early spring (2017–2020)"
6310:"Revealed: UK government failing to tackle rise of serious air pollutant"
5834:
5624:
5565:
5441:
5398:
4148:
3453:
3333:
3237:– a hardening of the arteries that reduces elasticity, which can lead to
3132:
3106:
2929:
2676:
2358:
2326:
2279:
2255:
1609:
1601:
1578:
1430:
1392:
1322:
1257:
1147:
1093:
816:
514:
494:
131:
14636:
14246:
12243:
11676:
11291:
Nair, Abhilash T.; Mathew, Aneesh; a r, Archana; Akbar, M Abdul (2022).
10862:
9604:
9564:
9129:
Ackerman AS, Toon OB, Taylor JP, Johnson DW, Hobbs PV, Ferek RJ (2000).
8861:
7784:
7767:
7472:
6897:"Particulate matter emissions from activities of building refurbishment"
6686:
5499:
3552:
3489:, "deep into the lungs which would otherwise be removed in the throat".
3270:
respiratory diseases. After taking into account fine particle levels (PM
2878:
2531:
2086:
Average monthly aerosol amounts around the world, observations from the
1553:; other constituents of atmospheric sea salt reflect the composition of
20777:
20699:
20630:
20599:
20474:
20444:
20374:
20324:
20294:
20279:
20254:
20159:
19959:
19855:
19774:
19714:
19441:
18713:
18330:
17645:
17638:
17621:
17606:
17050:
16914:
16886:
14402:
14381:
12294:
12292:
12266:
12188:
12186:
12125:
12123:
12026:
12024:
10912:
10636:
10611:
9228:
8645:"Monitoring by Control Technique - Wet Scrubber For Particulate Matter"
6486:"Sulfur isotope-based source apportionment and control mechanisms of PM
6123:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change
5858:
5800:
5796:
5746:
5727:
5605:
5060:
4761:
4268:
3497:
3486:
3428:
2955:
or even EAF dust (EAFD), while EFAD, slag and fly ash are likely to be
2672:
2592:
2568:
2514:
2377:
2314:
2275:
2201:
1915:
1911:
1885:
1876:
1647:
1612:
1426:
1289:
1261:
1241:
1234:
1158:
1136:
866:
622:
126:
56:
15022:"Log burners: What are the new rules and are they going to be banned?"
14040:
13528:
12073:
12071:
10853:
10776:
10193:
9320:
9295:
8385:
8257:"Primary and Secondary Sources of Aerosols: Primary biogenic aerosols"
7930:
5651:
In addition to stack emissions, another source unaccounted for in the
4321:
In Europe, the worst performing cities are located in Spain. They are
3309:
Air pollution may increase the risk of developmental disorders (e.g.,
2408:. Some are certain that they cool the planet, though, and this led to
43:
27:
Microscopic solid or liquid matter suspended in the Earth's atmosphere
20736:
20414:
20409:
20359:
20334:
20189:
19985:
19564:
19210:
18642:
18594:
18568:
18516:
18350:
18312:
18062:
18052:
17724:
17586:
17561:
16582:
16516:
16493:
16046:
Pandemic planning: a review of respirator and mask protection levels.
15754:
15605:"An N95 Mask Is Your Best Defense Against Wildfire Smoke | Time"
15570:
15491:"Air pollution chokes Thailand as campaigners call for stricter laws"
14563:"Oil Industry Ghostwrites Trump's Deadly Anti-Environmental Policies"
14505:
13049:"Air pollution significantly raises risk of infertility, study finds"
12675:. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Archived from
11856:"SARS-CoV-2 test positivity rate in Reno, Nevada: Association with PM
10729:
9620:"Atmospheric Aerosols: What Are They, and Why Are They So Important?"
8209:"Sea Spray Aerosol: Where Marine Biology Meets Atmospheric Chemistry"
5912:
5863:
5767:
5714:
5472:
5190:
4852:
4515:
4322:
4076:
3318:
3291:
3090:
2518:
2490:
2432:
2338:
2228:
1660:(VOCs); organic material in the atmosphere may either be biogenic or
1585:
1570:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1438:
1434:
1388:
1359:
1245:
934:
889:
851:
801:
736:
642:
106:
78:
16117:
14450:
13639:"Mongolia: Ulaanbaatar Air Pollution Linked to Public Health Crisis"
12869:"Air pollution in Europe: These are the worst-hit cities to live in"
12581:
12373:
12289:
12195:"Air Pollution and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Causal or Confounded?"
12183:
12120:
12021:
11121:
10752:
10686:"The 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina in Peru caused global disruption"
10137:
9169:
9130:
6327:
Thangavel, Prakash; Park, Duckshin; Lee, Young-Chul (19 June 2022).
6286:
4448:
3174:
2869:
2691:(numerical quantity) / particle number concentration (PNC) instead.
2478:
has been linked to the suppression of evaporation of water from the
2139:(SSA), the ratio of scattering alone to scattering plus absorption (
2135:. The interaction of an aerosol with radiation is quantified by the
2121:
Italian city polluted by particulates and optic air detector (laser)
1207:. There is no safe level of particulates. Worldwide, exposure to PM
20719:
20653:
20154:
19954:
19754:
19729:
19704:
18287:
18231:
17892:
17741:
17709:
17387:
16403:
16242:
16095:
16022:
15659:"Air pollution particles found on foetal side of placentas – study"
13621:"National Study Examines Health Risks of Coarse Particle Pollution"
13510:
13066:
Zhang M, Mueller NT, Wang H, Hong X, Appel LJ, Wang X (July 2018).
12562:"Revealed: air pollution may be damaging 'every organ in the body'"
12068:
11860:
during the 2020 wildfire smoke events in the western United States"
10753:"Monitoring the Mt. Pinatubo aerosol layer with NOAA/11 AVHRR data"
6869:"Building works responsible for 18% of UK large particle pollution"
5868:
5620:
5268:
5216:
4943:
4930:
4683:
4519:
3423:
3411:
3230:
3226:
3082:
3074:
3006:
2709:
2303:
2295:
1881:
1824:
1624:
1616:
1377:
1295:
1150:
1096:
306:
15881:
Air quality changes in New York City during the COVID-19 pandemic.
14872:"FEATURE: Air pollution reason for concern: groups - Taipei Times"
14751:. Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong. 19 December 2012
11735:
10333:
8015:"How to choose the right wood for your wood heater - EPA Victoria"
6883:"Delhi's deadly dust: how construction sites are choking the city"
6403:
4474:, placed first in both 2019 and 2022. The second cleanest city is
4424:, Nebraska is performing the best and has a decrease of -1.1
20229:
19901:
19391:
19341:
18248:
17751:
17729:
17616:
17611:
16628:
16605:
16297:
16098:
with many illustrated useful tips on particle pollution control.
15627:"Best Practices for Indoor Air Quality when Remodeling Your Home"
14432:
11427:"Growing Importance of Slag Cement in the Global Cement Industry"
10533:
10480:
8356:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
7962:"Wood burning at home now biggest cause of UK particle pollution"
7694:
6999:
6333:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
5838:
5825:
List of least polluted cities by particulate matter concentration
5656:
5601:
5530:
5346:
5242:
5164:
5112:
4982:
4891:
4722:
4244:
3464:
3314:
3247:
3116:
2952:
2633:
2502:
2466:, leading to the deaths of two million, and the 1991 eruption of
2310:
2299:
1620:
1605:
1566:
1562:
1526:
1422:
1414:
1337:
1316:
1269:
1117:
1112:
13837:
12795:
12509:
11916:
10935:"Pollutants and Their Effect on the Water and Radiation Budgets"
10433:
10336:"Aerosol-cloud-climate cooling overestimated by ship-track data"
9933:"The Most Successful Air Pollution Treaty You've Never Heard Of"
8029:"How to light and maintain your wood heater fire - EPA Victoria"
6668:
6156:
Plainiotis S, Pericleous KA, Fisher BE, Shier L (January 2010).
5830:
List of most polluted cities by particulate matter concentration
3444:
Energy industry knowledge and response to adverse health effects
3336:
There is increasing evidence to suggest a correlation between PM
20906:
20658:
20464:
20214:
19215:
18652:
18632:
18526:
18201:
17694:
17428:
15820:
15787:
15589:
15226:
14670:"National Environment Protection (Ambient Air Quality) Measure"
14433:
DeFlorio-Barker S, Crooks J, Reyes J, Rappold AG (March 2019).
12894:
Laden, F; Neas, L M; Dockery, D W; Schwartz, J (October 2000).
12559:
12355:
12192:
10385:"Invisible ship tracks show large cloud sensitivity to aerosol"
10243:"Untangling causality in midlatitude aerosol–cloud adjustments"
10036:"Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists"
8659:"Monitoring by Control Technique - Electrostatic Precipitators"
7765:
7506:"Road dust and its effect on human health: a literature review"
7311:"Mortality risk from United States coal electricity generation"
7308:
6847:"Emissions of air pollutants in the UK – Particulate matter (PM
6155:
5568:
has the worst air pollution among the developed nations in the
5294:
5125:
5086:
5021:
4878:
4839:
4826:
4670:
4644:
4565:
4366:
4295:
3941:
3310:
3143:
3086:
3010:
2932:
may contain more toxic substances than other types of burning.
2572:
2405:
2306:
and other natural combustion events, but in the recent decades
2231:
2127:
2104:
1373:
1200:
1129:
1100:
944:
924:
831:
821:
529:
19682:
15910:"A Major Source of Air Pollution: Farms - The Earth Institute"
15443:"Armed With NASA Data, South Korea Confronts Its Choking Smog"
15076:. Department of Toxic Substances Control. 2008. Archived from
15055:. Department of Toxic Substances Control. 2008. Archived from
14915:"Environmental Protection Agency – Particulate Matter (PM-10)"
14284:) Exposure During Wildfires on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes"
14150:"Urban Air Pollution and Health Inequities: A Workshop Report"
13763:
13114:
11160:
10566:
9521:
9028:
8979:"The influence of pollution on the shortwave albedo of clouds"
8071:"GMAO - Global Modeling and Assimilation Office Research Site"
5471:
To monitor the air quality of south China, the U.S. Consulate
3471:
and elsewhere against clean air regulation and launched major
3146:
during 2005. and 3.22 million deaths globally in 2010 per the
1306:
used, emission from the production of building materials, etc.
20921:
20354:
18662:
18604:
17945:
17877:
17775:
17667:
17314:
16706:
16697:
16168:
14817:
14667:
14595:"Health and Environmental Effects of Particulate Matter (PM)"
14277:
13884:
13356:"Fetal origins of adult disease: epidemiology and mechanisms"
12620:
9334:
9170:"The Effect of Smoke Particles on Clouds and Climate Forcing"
7708:
7226:
5843:
5741:
5589:
5412:
5359:
5333:
5307:
5281:
5255:
5229:
5177:
5099:
5073:
5047:
5034:
4995:
4969:
4917:
4904:
4865:
4813:
4800:
4787:
4748:
4696:
4589:
4585:
4518:. They are Hobart, Wollongong, Launceston, Sydney and Perth.
4475:
4421:
4397:
3432:
3139:
3127:
Increased levels of fine particles in the air as a result of
2944:
2911:
2637:
2536:
2397:
2271:
2267:
2152:
1534:
1410:
1406:
954:
899:
291:
17530:
15924:
15571:"City Rankings, State of the Air, American Lung Association"
13559:
11864:
Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
11853:
11377:"Hong Kong Housing Authority - Environmental Report 2020/21"
9035:
Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing
9030:
8715:"Delhi Govt To Impose Fines On Violation Of Anti-Dust Norms"
7690:"Harmful soot unchecked as Big Oil battles EPA over testing"
7161:
4592:, Muzaffarnagar, Delhi and New Delhi. Here is a list of the
2155:
droplets form onto pre-existing aerosol particles, known as
20429:
20349:
18637:
17758:
17746:
17662:
17224:
17042:
16208:
Precision Environmental Health's role in preventing disease
16063:
Control of dust from construction and demolition activities
15960:"Aerosol optical depth regime over megacities of the world"
15737:
Hunt, A.; Abraham, J. L.; Judson, B.; Berry, C. L. (2003).
14727:"Air Quality Standards – Environment – European Commission"
12781:
12735:
12129:
11353:"Hong Kong Housing Authority Sustainability Report 2012/13"
10830:
10674:
Andrea Thompson, "Volcano in 1600 caused global disruption"
10570:"Cross-Working Group Box SRM: Solar Radiation Modification"
10536:"Costs and benefits of geo-engineering in the Stratosphere"
10039:
9686:"Effects of Acid Rain - Surface Waters and Aquatic Animals"
9155:
10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<2684:EOAOCA>2.0.CO;2
9004:
10.1175/1520-0469(1977)034<1149:TIOPOT>2.0.CO;2
8383:
7713:. Environmental Science and Engineering. pp. 325–343.
5782:
5573:
5569:
5151:
4735:
2940:
2668:
2576:
2510:
2444:
2393:
2318:
2184:
2164:
2132:
1851:
1796:
1683:
1640:
1343:
Agricultural activities (e.g., ploughing and soil tilling).
1273:
1173:
929:
176:
171:
136:
15995:"Air pollution helps wildfires create their own lightning"
14330:
12030:
10975:
Region 4: Laboratory and Field Operations – PM 2.5 (2008).
10098:"Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate"
9221:
10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<2707:DSIST>2.0.CO;2
7096:"Dusty Material - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics"
4514:
since 2019. Of the top ten cleanest cities, five are from
3250:
formation, antibiotic tolerance, and colonisation of both
2591:) can penetrate the deepest part of the lungs such as the
2099:
1639:); in the absence of ammonia, secondary compounds take an
17310:
15447:
13296:
11658:
10240:
10094:
9128:
9077:
8001:"How to choose and maintain a wood heater - EPA Victoria"
6189:
5805:
5644:
annual mean levels are 14 times higher than recommended.
3598:
3456:
use in power plants exceed those caused by production of
3380:
in the general public, the cause of 7.4% of all attacks.
3210:
3061:
Deaths from air pollution compared to other common causes
2350:
2349:. Sulfate pollution also has a complex relationship with
15168:. Department of Toxic Substances Control. Archived from
15134:"Contact List for CNT January 22 & 26 2009 Document"
14574:
Hogan CM (2010). Emily Monosson and C. Cleveland (ed.).
13935:
13673:"Suicide rates rise as air quality worsens, study finds"
12985:
12893:
11103:
9902:"Air Emissions Trends – Continued Progress Through 2005"
9878:
Clean Air Act Reduces Acid Rain In Eastern United States
9381:
9198:
8827:"Particle Numbers and Concentrations Network- Defra, UK"
8743:"Revised GRAP to deal with adverse air quality scenario"
8206:
8117:
8057:"Simulating the Transport of Aerosols with GEOS-5, GMAO"
7599:
7420:
5640:
level is 20 μg/m, which means that Ulaanbaatar's PM
3636:
2482:
due to the semi-direct effect of anthropogenic aerosol.
1475:
were introduced since 2021. In some towns and cities in
1362:
from tyre and road wear and road dust from unpaved road.
14494:
10707:
8843:
7113:
Kim JY, Chen JC, Boyce PD, Christiani DC (March 2005).
6379:
6190:
Brown JS, Gordon T, Price O, Asgharian B (April 2013).
2998:
1713:
15736:
14379:
14099:
13887:
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A
13767:"Magnetite pollution nanoparticles in the human brain"
13508:
Limit Festering: New Study Linked PM with Heart Attack
13239:
12623:
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A
11264:"Stench from burning metal-waste ship blows across HK"
11034:"Pollution Particles Lead to Higher Heart Attack Risk"
8824:
8530:"Integrated Building Rehabilitation Assistance Scheme"
8089:"Primary and Secondary Sources of Aerosols: Soil dust"
7559:
International Journal of Coal Science & Technology
7112:
6770:
6716:
Shah R, Limaye S, Ujagare D, Madas S, Salvi S (2019).
6715:
6681:(5). Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research: 220412.
6307:
3313:), neurodegenerative disorders, mental disorders, and
3281:
2563:
Particle size is the main determinant of where in the
2509:
have led some scientists to conclude that the aerosol
2317:
of fossil fuels with a high sulfur content, primarily
1459:
domestic combustion is the largest single source of PM
16198:
Sources of Respirable and Fine Suspended Particulates
14510:"What are the safest and cleanest sources of energy?"
14228:
10281:
10216:"Behind the Forecast: How clouds affect temperatures"
8882:
8178:"Primary and Secondary Sources of Aerosols: Sea salt"
7465:
Non-exhaust Particulate Emissions from Road Transport
3536:
showing the deadly effects of air pollution and have
2553:
2471:
particles showed little influence at present levels.
1708:
intermingling. Gray: the sensor did not collect data.
1444:
1237:
during home broadband installation, Tai Po, Hong Kong
1183:. Particulates are the most harmful form (other than
15068:
15066:
13696:
13451:
13065:
12298:
12077:
11236:"The dangers of a scrap yard fire in your community"
10750:
9945:
9707:
Likens, G. E.; Driscoll, C. T.; Buso, D. C. (1996).
7987:"Wood burning heaters and your health - Fact sheets"
3972:, which include limits for particulates in the air:
2549:
Health and environmental impact of the coal industry
18863:
14618:
14582:. National Council for Science and the Environment.
14530:
14528:
12979:
12818:
9930:
9772:Wang, X.; Ding, H.; Ryan, L.; Xu, X. (1 May 1997).
8384:Goswami A, Barman J, Rajput K, Lakhlani HN (2013).
4208:
in the air in 2019 and 2022 among 70 capital cities
3414:, and faults a history of racism for this outcome.
2453:
Solar radiation reduction due to volcanic eruptions
1990:
may be too technical for most readers to understand
1387:Disasters (both natural or caused by humans, e.g.,
16118:SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol Mechanisms, The Aerosol Society
15477:"China, South Korea build environment cooperation"
14668:Department of the Environment (25 February 2016).
11290:
10988:
9706:
9675:. Epa.gov (June 2, 2006). Retrieved on 2013-02-09.
9053:IPCC Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001
8771:"Particulate Matter in the United Kingdom Summary"
7078:"Proper Covering of Dusty Material on Dump Trucks"
6970:Scoop, pollution at Yau Tong Cement batching plant
6165:International Journal of Environment and Pollution
6120:
3452:Deaths caused by accidents and air pollution from
1799:effect: without (outdoor) and with filter (indoor)
1646:Secondary sulfate and nitrate aerosols are strong
1233:Particulate emission when using modern electrical
15671:
15639:"Examples of how to manage dust in the workplace"
15417:"U.S. Consulate Air Quality Monitor and StateAir"
15324:
15063:
12003:Preventing Silicosis and Deaths From Sandblasting
11055:Araujo, Jesus A.; et al. (17 January 2008).
10816:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
10676:, NBC News, 5 May 2008, accessed 13 November 2010
10066:"A bright sun today? It's down to the atmosphere"
8763:
8513:
7600:Petavratzi, E.; Kingman, S.; Lowndes, I. (2005).
6585:
6534:
3175:Infertility, pregnancy, fetuses and birth defects
2870:Composition, quantity, and duration are important
2333:natural emissions of sulfur-containing compounds
21049:
15041:Air Quality Trends - How to Interpret the Graphs
14525:
14229:Wegesser TC, Pinkerton KE, Last JA (June 2009).
12942:
11575:
11036:. Bloomberg L.P. 17 January 2008. Archived from
9432:
7214:"Woodworking health topics - Inhaling wood dust"
6326:
4400:, Florida are the two cities with the highest PM
3946:Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment
2997:he is exposed to and for how long, and also the
1722:
14887:
14885:
14721:
14719:
13771:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
13405:"The fetal and infant origins of adult disease"
12695:Journal of the American Statistical Association
12577:
12575:
11524:
10890:
9563:Charlson, Robert J.; Wigley, Tom M. L. (1994).
9293:
9024:
9022:
9020:
9018:
9016:
9014:
6624:
6183:
5706:) in the U.S. while the East Coast is cleaner.
4568:in Pakistan is the second worst with 98.1
4298:in Saudi Arabia is performing the worst with PM
4224:figure into micrograms per cubic meter of air (
3956:standards will increase in stringency in 2020.
3324:Particulates also appear to have a role in the
2989:. Possible secondary contamination, similar to
2353:pollution and ozone, reducing the also harmful
2278:growth and coagulation and then shrink through
15202:
15200:
15198:
14852:. Environmental Protection Administration, ROC
13188:
12453:
12451:
12449:
10534:Andrew Charlton-Perez & Eleanor Highwood.
10088:
9771:
9649:Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment
9562:
9492:
9289:
9287:
8972:
8970:
8930:
8926:
8924:
8701:"Pollution Problems & Practical Solutions"
7841:
7798:
7368:"A Review of Recent Advances in Research on PM
6483:
6118:
4369:, the capital city of North Macedonia, with PM
3117:Anthropogenic fine particulates as main hazard
2810:Scanning electronic microscopy of particulates
2489:and major increases since 1967 in rainfall in
1843:requiring frequent shutdowns for maintenance.
1172:, with a diameter of 100 nm or less; and
19668:
18849:
17546:
16228:
15240:
15234:
14994:"Burn better: Making changes for cleaner air"
14561:Union of Concerned Scientists, 27 April 2020
14205:"How Smoke from Fires Can Affect Your Health"
14184:Jervis, Rick; Gomez, Alan (12 October 2020).
13353:
12457:
10886:
10884:
10560:
10182:
9983:
9661:
9659:
9657:
9167:
8844:Gilfrich, J; Burkhalter, P; Birks, L (1973).
8464:
4086:United States Environmental Protection Agency
2088:Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
1581:and sugars, which influence their chemistry.
1401:(gaining attention as a type of airborne PM).
1062:
16023:"The Weight of Numbers: Air Pollution and PM
14882:
14716:
14500:
12777:
12775:
12673:"Air Pollution & Cardiovascular Disease"
12572:
12513:"Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases"
12461:Environmental Science and Pollution Research
12405:
12403:
12401:
11481:
11161:De Jesus, Alma Lorelei; et al. (2019).
10616:Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
10474:
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9011:
7910:
7883:
7881:
7835:
7792:
7632:
7414:
7365:
7359:
7302:
7155:
7106:
6993:
6911:"一家三口中鉛毒 疑含鉛船用油漆髹浴室門所致 衛生署提家中裝修注意事項 (14:05)"
6709:
6618:
6431:
6404:"The Weight of Numbers: Air Pollution and PM
2357:, yet capable of damaging the stratospheric
1889:use, which was a violation of the local law.
1664:. Organic matter influences the atmospheric
1623:, secondary aerosols often take the form of
15269:
15195:
15183:Chemical Information Call-in: Nanomaterials
14183:
12446:
12351:
12349:
12347:
9678:
9284:
8967:
8921:
8837:
8314:
8312:
8310:
8308:
7753:"Sand, Dust and Particulates Public Health"
7638:
7296:"Dust advice for businesses - EPA Victoria"
6806:
6016:referred to as Suspended Particulate Matter
4247:, Iraq is the worst performing one, with PM
3526:lobbying and corporate propaganda campaigns
1132:, in ways additional to direct inhalation.
20435:High efficiency glandless circulating pump
19684:Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
19675:
19661:
18856:
18842:
17553:
17539:
16235:
16221:
15656:
15419:. U.S. Department of State. Archived from
13195:Journal of Environmental and Public Health
13189:Erickson AC, Arbour L (26 November 2014).
13046:
12689:
12007:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
10881:
10824:
10751:Stowe LL, Carey RM, Pellegrino PP (1992).
10664:, 25 April 2008, accessed 13 November 2010
9654:
9337:"Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot"
7959:
7887:
7687:
7503:
7366:Lin Y, Zou J, Yang W, Li CQ (March 2018).
4365:respectively. The best performing city is
4243:Among the 70 capital cities investigated,
4158:California Environmental Protection Agency
3518:Center for International Environmental Law
1168:, with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less;
1069:
1055:
85:
19367:Environmental issues in the United States
16183:Pollution Facts by Air Quality Life Index
15983:
15762:
15354:
14644:
14458:
14401:
14356:
14307:
14288:Journal of the American Heart Association
14254:
14125:
13800:
13790:
13596:
13536:
13480:
13428:
13379:
13330:
13273:
13216:
13206:
13091:
13023:
12919:
12844:
12788:and ozone concentrations in Europe (2005)
12772:
12536:
12398:
12381:
12226:
12166:
12156:
12103:
11944:
11934:
11893:
11883:
11830:
11773:
11684:
11609:
11576:Ren, J.; Tang, M.; Novoselac, A. (2022).
11395:"Cement industry news from Global Cement"
11137:
11080:
10861:
10635:
10510:
10410:
10400:
10359:
10302:
10266:
9862:
9805:
9637:
9539:
9517:
9515:
9475:
9319:
9275:
9249:
9002:
8911:
8876:
8792:
8625:
8623:
8490:
8465:Chen, J.; Jiang, Z. A.; Chen, J. (2018).
8285:
8232:
8153:
8143:
7878:
7783:
7736:
7664:
7529:
7397:
7387:
7342:
7189:
7179:
7138:
7036:
7026:
6747:
6737:
6362:
6344:
6225:
6215:
3605:. Particulates are the deadliest form of
3089:, lung cancer, respiratory diseases like
2207:
2045:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
2018:Learn how and when to remove this message
2002:, without removing the technical details.
1946:tapered element oscillating microbalances
1714:§ Size, shape, and solubility matter
1584:Some secondary particles derive from the
1161:(μm) or less; fine particles, designated
32:Particle § Distribution of particles
20869:Mold growth, assessment, and remediation
19352:Effects of climate change on agriculture
16082:What is Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV)?
15657:Carrington, Damian (17 September 2019).
13654:"How humans could live two years longer"
13651:
12344:
11518:
11469:"Welding - Fumes And Gases, OSH Answers"
10953:"Australian rainfall and Asian aerosols"
10783:
10651:"1600 Eruption Caused Global Disruption"
10644:
9645:Chapter 1: Greenhouse Gases and Aerosols
9296:"Radiative forcing and climate response"
8341:
8339:
8305:
8286:Barringer, Felicity (18 February 2012).
6807:Azarmi, Farhad; Kumar, Prashant (2016).
6434:Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
6247:
6245:
6100:3-year average of annual 98th percentile
5546:
5529:
4199:
4182:
4147:
4075:
3543:
3530:appointed to senior government positions
3447:
3427:more toxic to human lungs, as increased
3351:and fine particulate matter (known as PM
3064:
3056:
2910:
2530:
2448:
2363:
2274:), which are then thought to experience
2110:
2098:
2076:
2064:
2029:
1856:
1782:
1697:
1490:
1395:, wars, and September 11 attacks, etc.).
1240:
1219:
42:
18694:Pollutant release and transfer register
16113:NASA's Earth Minute: My Name is Aerosol
15166:"Archived DTSC Nanotechnology Symposia"
15074:"Chemical Information Call-In web page"
14777:. Kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp. Archived from
13354:Byrne CD, Phillips DI (November 2000).
13047:Carrington, Damian (17 February 2021).
12729:
11475:
10789:
10207:
7960:Carrington, Damian (16 February 2021).
6929:"GovHK: Green Tips for Home Renovation"
3625:, the lung cancer rate rose 22%. For PM
3156:standard metropolitan statistical areas
2652:in the gas exchange regions (alveoli).
1744:
1116:commonly refers to the particulate/air
14:
21050:
19357:Effects of climate change on livestock
14592:
14280:"Impact of Fine Particulate Matter (PM
14202:
14179:
14177:
14175:
14095:
14093:
14010:
14006:
14004:
13670:
13402:
13158:
13156:
13154:
12252:
11796:
11054:
10991:American Review of Respiratory Disease
10792:"Earth Not So Hot Thanks to Volcanoes"
10213:
9871:
9512:
9440:Environmental Science & Technology
8976:
8898:(6). Copernicus Programme: 2295–2327.
8620:
8325:. The World Bank. 2010. Archived from
8279:
7916:
7552:
7234:Environmental Science & Technology
6251:
5463:Pollution_in_China § Particulates
4098:National Ambient Air Quality Standards
3417:
3211:Cardiovascular and respiratory disease
3148:global burden of disease collaboration
2837:Scanning electron microscopy of cement
20742:Programmable communicating thermostat
19656:
18837:
17534:
16216:
15992:
15556:Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
15008:"Guidance for wood burning in London"
14573:
14520:from the original on 15 January 2024.
14481:
13445:
12683:
10979:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
9753:from the original on 24 December 2012
9617:
9565:"Sulfate Aerosol and Climatic Change"
8516:"The Encyclopedia of Dust Collection"
8336:
7768:"WarImpact on Air Quality in Ukraine"
7639:Jeong H, Choi JY, Ra K (March 2021).
6921:
6479:
6477:
6242:
6127:(2nd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey:
5923:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
3637:Limits / standards set by governments
3508:of the oil and gas industry, and the
3387:
2535:Air pollution measurement station in
2321:and certain less-refined fuels, like
2000:make it understandable to non-experts
1372:Various industrial processes such as
20864:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing
19611:
19467:Tropical cyclones and climate change
18784:
18025:Electromagnetic radiation and health
15884:Science of the Total Environment 742
15800:Aerosols: Tiny Particles, Big Impact
15331:datasets from 1960 to 2020 in China"
15098:
14612:
14586:
13878:
13652:Matthews, Dylan (27 December 2021).
13117:Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health
12812:
12782:European Environment Agency (2009).
12199:Current Environmental Health Reports
11989:"Silicosis, OSH Answers Fact Sheets"
11746:The Science of the Total Environment
10609:
10214:Andrew, Tawana (27 September 2019).
9906:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
8448:filters and why are they effective?"
8261:Climate Change 2001: Working Group 1
8182:Climate Change 2001: Working Group 1
8093:Climate Change 2001: Working Group 1
7888:Hardin M, Kahn R (2 November 2010).
7711:Sustainable Air Pollution Management
6917:(in Traditional Chinese). June 2024.
6903:
5928:Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
5494:
4447:The cleanest city in this report is
4107:
3693:No. of exceedances allowed per year
3547:
3020:
2873:
2286:(typically produced via atmospheric
2060:
1974:
1693:
19500:Alternative fuel vehicle propulsion
18800:
18792:
17883:Radium and radon in the environment
16688:Tropical depression local statement
16204:from original on 21 September 2024.
14937:"WHO global air quality guidelines"
14836:"미세먼지 환경기준 선진국 수준 강화...'나쁨' 4배 늘 듯"
14172:
14090:
14001:
13671:Symons, Angela (15 December 2022).
13151:
11709:"10-year Hospital Development Plan"
10096:N.; Chen, Y.; Goldfarb, L. (eds.).
9950:Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
9836:
9666:Effects of Acid Rain – Human Health
9611:
9201:Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
9135:Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
9049:"6.7.8 Discussion of Uncertainties"
8983:Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
8514:Dominick DalSanto (February 2011).
8111:
5692:U.S. counties violating national PM
5676:U.S. counties violating national PM
4538:, with a tiny increase since 2019.
3394:linking race to increased proximity
3282:Cognitive hazards and mental health
2051:While the radiative forcing due to
1577:may contain organic compounds like
1472:
1124:. They have impacts on climate and
297:Radium and radon in the environment
24:
20725:Minimum efficiency reporting value
16096:Hong Kong Construction Association
16092:Environmental Toolbox Training Kit
16087:Welding fume: protect your workers
15614:
14704:from the original on 30 April 2013
12965:10.1111/j.1539-6924.1987.tb00482.x
12409:
9998:10.1016/b978-0-12-821575-3.00032-3
9294:Hansen J, Sato M, Ruedy R (1997).
8043:"Smoke and the law - EPA Victoria"
7688:McLaughlin, Tim (6 January 2022).
7276:from the original on 28 April 2023
6739:10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_440_18
6474:
5961:suspended particulate matter (SPM)
5662:
3367:
3016:
2915:Worker in a cloud of concrete dust
2554:Size, shape, and solubility matter
2090:(MODIS) on NASA's Terra satellite.
1970:
1537:and other material blown from the
1505:Red/orange: desert (mineral) dust
1445:Domestic combustion and wood smoke
25:
21104:
20767:Standard temperature and pressure
20480:Packaged terminal air conditioner
20016:Passive daytime radiative cooling
19745:Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
19147:pharmaceuticals and personal care
16051:
15964:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
15743:Environmental Health Perspectives
15519:"Ambient (outdoor) air pollution"
14672:. Federal Register of Legislation
14625:Environmental Health Perspectives
14439:Environmental Health Perspectives
14235:Environmental Health Perspectives
14154:Environmental Health Perspectives
14106:American Journal of Public Health
13162:
13084:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10944
12900:Environmental Health Perspectives
12362:Environmental Health Perspectives
11665:Environmental Health Perspectives
11278:"Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slag"
11110:Environmental Health Perspectives
10247:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
9778:Environmental Health Perspectives
9589:10.1038/scientificamerican0294-48
9528:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
8347:"Aerosol Size, Earth Observatory"
6648:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.159
6392:. Health Effects Institute. 2018.
4195:
4058:
3959:
3302:Neuroplastic effects of pollution
3225:leads to high plaque deposits in
2524:
2250:, which are mainly produced when
2175:effect, First indirect effect or
1179:Airborne particulate matter is a
19836:Absorption-compression heat pump
19622:
19621:
19610:
19298:decline in amphibian populations
19003:Deforestation and climate change
18818:
18808:
18799:
18791:
18783:
18771:
18770:
16194:from original on 5 January 2014.
16188:Health Effects of Air Pollutants
15597:
15577:
15563:
15543:
15529:
15511:
15497:
15483:
15469:
15455:
15435:
15408:
15379:
15318:
15263:
15214:
15176:
15158:
15126:
15092:
15045:
15034:
15014:
15000:
14986:
14950:
14929:
14907:
14864:
14842:
14828:
14810:
14793:
14763:
14741:
14684:
14661:
14567:
14555:
14543:
14475:
14426:
14373:
14324:
14271:
14222:
14203:US EPA, OAR (12 November 2018).
14196:
14142:
14047:
13973:
13929:
13831:
13817:
13757:
13703:Science of the Total Environment
13690:
13664:
13645:
13631:
13613:
13553:
13497:
13396:
13347:
13290:
13233:
13182:
13108:
13059:
13040:
12936:
12887:
12861:
12665:
12614:
12553:
12503:
11995:
11981:
11961:
11910:
11847:
11790:
11729:
11715:
11701:
11652:
11634:"地盤工滿身泥衣鞋入茶餐廳 網民批成身水泥累慘清潔工:做死阿姐"
11626:
11569:
11461:
11447:
11433:
11419:
11405:
11387:
11369:
11345:
11331:
11284:
11270:
11256:
11242:
11228:
11214:
11205:
11154:
11097:
11048:
11026:
11017:
10982:
10969:
10945:
10927:
10744:
10701:
10679:
10667:
10603:
10527:
10485:; Xia, Lili (1 September 2020).
10427:
10376:
10327:
10275:
10234:
10131:
10076:from the original on 20 May 2017
10058:
10028:
9977:
9939:
9924:
9894:
9830:
9765:
9700:
9556:
9426:
9375:
9328:
9243:
9192:
9161:
9122:
9071:
9041:
8800:"Condensation particle counters"
8351:
6675:Aerosol and Air Quality Research
6494:Science of the Total Environment
6254:"Particulate Matter (PM) Basics"
6094:
6085:
6076:
6067:
6058:
6045:
6032:
6019:
6006:
5997:
5984:
5971:
5685:
5669:
5498:
5405:
5378:
5352:
5326:
5300:
5274:
5248:
5222:
5196:
5170:
5144:
5118:
5092:
5066:
5040:
5014:
4988:
4962:
4936:
4910:
4884:
4858:
4832:
4806:
4780:
4754:
4728:
4702:
4676:
4650:
4112:
4071:
3892:
3876:
3854:
3832:
3826:
3763:
3750:
3728:
3633:, the lung cancer rate rose 9%.
3551:
3025:
2877:
2854:
2842:
2830:
2818:
2636:as they are filtered out by the
1979:
1525:The composition and toxicity of
1089:
1036:
1024:
20731:Normal temperature and pressure
20111:Vapor-compression refrigeration
19432:Land surface effects on climate
18889:Environmental impact assessment
18865:Human impact on the environment
17597:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
15843:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141267
14692:"Ambient air quality standards"
14056:The European Physical Journal C
13723:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134721
11766:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157579
11547:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.315
10042:. 15 March 2007. Archived from
9300:Journal of Geophysical Research
8818:
8749:
8735:
8721:
8707:
8693:
8679:
8665:
8651:
8637:
8606:
8592:
8578:
8564:
8550:
8544:"Operation Building Bright 2.0"
8536:
8522:
8507:
8458:
8436:
8411:
8377:
8363:
8249:
8200:
8170:
8081:
8063:
8049:
8035:
8021:
8007:
7993:
7979:
7953:
7896:
7759:
7745:
7702:
7681:
7593:
7553:Fan, Long; Liu, Shimin (2021).
7546:
7497:
7457:
7376:Int J Environ Res Public Health
7288:
7220:
7206:
7088:
7070:
7053:
6977:
6961:
6947:
6889:
6875:
6861:
6839:
6800:
6764:
6662:
6579:
6528:
6506:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167112
6460:
6425:
5444:areas in Australia such as the
4204:Difference between levels of PM
3478:lodge deep in human lung tissue
2423:
2414:stratospheric aerosol injection
2223:Stratospheric aerosol injection
2126:an aerosol is dependent on the
1956:). This can be done by using a
1778:
1471:in 2019. To tackle the problem
117:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
61:Environmental Protection Agency
16683:Tropical storm local statement
16077:Dust control - Hilti Hong Kong
15943:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119240
15788:"Particulate Pollution Course"
15241:Oliver Milman (1 April 2015).
12707:10.1080/01621459.1973.10482421
12255:Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
11602:10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108580
10977:PM 2.5 Objectives and History.
10491:Environmental Research Letters
9992:, Elsevier, pp. 687–709,
9990:Climate Change (Third Edition)
9168:Kaufman YJ, Fraser RS (1997).
8804:Center for Atmospheric Science
8371:"An American Aerosol in Paris"
6833:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.04.029
6396:
6320:
6301:
6271:
6149:
6112:
5949:
5615:
5559:
4373:levels dropping by -12.4
4275:levels dropping by -23.4
4088:(EPA) has set standards for PM
3105:, making it the fifth leading
2632:penetrate no further than the
2613:) tends to penetrate into the
2384:received by the Earth and its
2194:
1921:
1486:
1086:atmospheric particulate matter
986:Least polluted cities by PM2.5
18:Atmospheric particulate matter
13:
1:
20879:Testing, adjusting, balancing
20823:Building information modeling
20818:Building services engineering
20395:Ground-coupled heat exchanger
19923:Demand controlled ventilation
19871:Building insulation materials
19303:decline in insect populations
18085:Electrical resistance heating
17560:
16102:from original on 3 July 2023.
16073:Beware of dust - Hilti Canada
15731:Tobacco Control 13, S.219–221
14593:US EPA, OAR (26 April 2016).
14482:Jiang, Kevin (27 June 2023).
13950:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62296-9
13360:Journal of Clinical Pathology
12837:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61766-8
12600:10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70279-1
12412:Current Opinion in Psychology
11317:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134282
11297:Journal of Cleaner Production
11073:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.107.164970
10790:Perkins, Sid (4 March 2013).
9971:10.1016/S0168-1923(00)00241-0
9908:. 8 July 2014. Archived from
9837:Tie, X.; et al. (2003).
9361:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042
9186:10.1126/science.277.5332.1636
7904:"Emissions of air pollutants"
7890:"Aerosols and Climate Change"
7028:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03299
6252:US EPA, OAR (19 April 2016).
6196:Particle and Fibre Toxicology
6119:Seinfeld J, Pandis S (1998).
6106:
6029:limit since 21 September 2009
5955:atmospheric aerosol particles
4594:30 most polluted cities by PM
4498:levels dropping by -6.2
4333:levels increase by +5.1
4103:
4003:Particles less than 2.5μm (PM
3587:
3469:lobbying in the United States
3392:There have been many studies
3161:A study published in 2022 in
3069:Air quality information on PM
2694:
1958:condensation particle counter
1954:particle number concentration
1723:Smaller aerosols in the North
1517:Asian_Dust § Composition
1437:fires, living vegetation and
457:Electrical resistance heating
36:Particulates (disambiguation)
20440:High-pressure cut-off switch
19991:Ice storage air conditioning
19912:Dedicated outdoor air system
17737:Persistent organic pollutant
17145:Heavy freezing spray warning
16855:Urban and small stream flood
16056:
15619:
15296:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.063
14382:"Fine particulate matter (PM
14358:10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.033
14160:(s3): 357–374. 1 June 2001.
13856:10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104729
13844:Neurochemistry International
13323:10.1016/j.envres.2008.12.012
13266:10.1016/j.envres.2012.05.011
12424:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.06.024
12322:10.1016/j.envres.2019.108638
12158:10.1371/journal.pone.0161851
12105:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113307
12054:10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.030
11504:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112294
11183:10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.021
10834:Geophysical Research Letters
10806:(inactive 2 September 2024).
10757:Geophysical Research Letters
10440:Geophysical Research Letters
9736:10.1126/science.272.5259.244
9256:Geophysical Research Letters
9100:10.1126/science.255.5043.423
8424:. www.ijates.com. April 2014
8263:. UNEP. 2001. Archived from
8184:. UNEP. 2001. Archived from
8095:. UNEP. 2001. Archived from
7864:10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.024
7821:10.1016/j.envint.2022.107151
7626:10.1016/j.mineng.2005.06.017
7061:"Cut down construction dust"
6786:10.1016/j.fuproc.2023.107674
6592:Materials Today: Proceedings
6557:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118907
6082:annual limit removed in 2006
5891:Health effects of pesticides
5431:
4302:levels going up +111.1
4130:Last update: 22 January 2009
4030:Particles less than 10μm (PM
3502:American Petroleum Institute
3431:infiltrate, cell influx and
3171:-related illness and death.
2438:
2402:IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
2227:Sulfate aerosols are mostly
1823:), fabric filter collectors
1751:Deposition (aerosol physics)
1533:tends to be made of mineral
1451:Health effects of wood smoke
1340:(frying, boiling, grilling).
1128:that adversely affect human
167:Persistent organic pollutant
7:
20783:Thermostatic radiator valve
20585:Thermostatic radiator valve
20096:Underfloor air distribution
20031:Radiant heating and cooling
19949:Energy recovery ventilation
19861:Automobile air conditioning
19725:Domestic energy consumption
18747:Least polluted cities by PM
17248:Major hurricane-force winds
15327:"Reconstructing 6-hourly PM
14062:(4): 665–666. August 2002.
13981:"Resources and Information"
13403:Barker DJ (November 1990).
12988:"Nationwide and Regional PM
12529:10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.042
11163:"Ultrafine particles and PM
10220:Science Behind the Forecast
9618:Allen, Bob (6 April 2015).
7719:10.1007/978-3-319-21596-9_8
7504:Khan RK, Strand MA (2018).
6604:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.686
6042:limit since 4 December 2006
5759:(Cloud condensation nuclei)
5720:
5595:
4404:level increases (+1.8
4251:levels going up +31.6
4178:
3970:European emission standards
3534:revised scientific findings
3532:in the United States, have
3296:Substance-induced psychosis
3093:, cardiovascular disease,
2999:size, shape, and solubility
2679:adsorbed on their surface.
2545:Health effects of wood dust
2464:Russian famine of 1601–1603
2146:
1897:
1837:electrostatic precipitators
1619:origin. In the presence of
1573:, and others. In addition,
10:
21109:
20932:Institute of Refrigeration
20813:Architectural technologist
20285:Electrostatic precipitator
18689:Pollution haven hypothesis
18612:Brain health and pollution
17850:Ecological light pollution
17680:Internal combustion engine
17140:Heavy freezing spray watch
16244:Severe weather terminology
15099:Wong J (22 January 2009),
13874:– via ScienceDirect.
13569:Environmental Microbiology
12481:10.1007/s11356-021-12357-3
11936:10.1038/s41598-021-85751-z
11885:10.1038/s41370-021-00366-w
11823:10.1038/s41598-022-17215-x
11640:(in Chinese). 20 July 2023
10402:10.1038/s41586-022-05122-0
10168:10.1038/s41558-020-00965-9
9502:John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
8806:. University of Manchester
8390:SAE Technical Paper Series
8225:10.1021/acscentsci.8b00674
7657:10.1038/s41598-021-86698-x
7579:10.1007/s40789-021-00412-w
6989:. HK: Oriental Daily News.
6774:Fuel Processing Technology
6454:10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.019
5994:limit since 1 January 2015
5981:limit since 1 January 2005
5886:Health effects of coal ash
5854:Occupational dust exposure
5460:
3979:European Air Quality Index
3399:racial housing segregation
3299:
3285:
3214:
3120:
2542:
2442:
2392:) began to reverse in the
2313:aerosols produced through
2216:
2212:
1925:
1808:
1802:
1773:
1754:
1748:
1711:
1658:volatile organic compounds
1521:Particulate organic matter
1514:
1448:
1405:Some types of dust, e.g.,
1215:
29:
20994:
20985:Volatile organic compound
20960:
20887:
20844:Environmental engineering
20808:Architectural engineering
20791:
20639:
20610:Ultra-low particulate air
20195:Automatic balancing valve
20142:
20123:Variable refrigerant flow
19975:Heat recovery ventilation
19918:Deep water source cooling
19828:
19690:
19605:
19540:Environmental engineering
19490:
19387:Environmental degradation
19278:
19164:fishing down the food web
18941:
18871:
18768:
18722:
18671:
18620:
18587:
18492:Nonpoint source pollution
18420:
18412:War and environmental law
18359:
18321:
18303:
18103:
18038:
17975:
17901:
17870:
17835:
17819:
17784:
17771:Volatile organic compound
17577:
17568:
17499:
17491:Hazardous weather outlook
17481:Special weather statement
17473:
17442:
17419:
17386:
17359:
17336:
17309:
17278:
17267:
17247:
17223:
17207:
17200:
17176:
17127:
17106:
17085:
17064:
17041:
17015:
17002:
16962:
16946:
16913:
16885:
16874:
16854:
16828:
16797:
16764:
16731:
16705:
16696:
16678:Hurricane local statement
16650:
16627:
16604:
16581:
16558:
16547:
16515:
16492:
16474:
16446:
16430:
16402:
16379:
16363:
16354:
16334:
16296:
16263:
16254:
16106:
15985:10.5194/acp-22-15703-2022
15698:10.1177/09603271231191436
15650:
15356:10.5194/essd-14-3197-2022
15335:Earth System Science Data
15053:"Nanotechnology web page"
14775:)対策|東京都環境局 大気・騒音・振動・悪臭対策"
14337:Environment International
14076:10.1007/s10052-002-0987-x
13907:10.1080/15287390590936166
13421:10.1136/bmj.301.6761.1111
13137:10.1007/s11869-010-0106-3
12643:10.1080/15287390590936166
12219:10.1007/s40572-015-0073-9
11455:"新版預售屋契約禁用「煉鋼爐碴」 建商違規將挨罰"
11441:"房市新制大調查 爐渣屋掰 2021年起禁用爐渣"
11171:Environment International
11003:10.1164/ajrccm/136.5.1117
10597:10.1017/9781009157896.007
10202:10.1017/9781009157896.001
10125:10.1017/9781009157896.007
9671:January 18, 2008, at the
9541:10.5194/acp-22-14957-2022
8913:10.5194/essd-15-2295-2023
8892:Earth System Science Data
6915:明報新聞網 - 即時新聞 instant news
6055:limit since 27 March 2018
5901:Health impacts of sawdust
5896:Health impact of asbestos
5778:Criteria air contaminants
5490:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4121:This section needs to be
3935:
3913:World Health Organization
3692:
3669:
3646:
3643:
3601:designate particulates a
3374:World Health Organization
3034:This section needs to be
2665:Diesel Particulate Matter
2663:(commonly referred to as
2644:can penetrate right into
2582:coarse particulate matter
2157:cloud condensation nuclei
2094:
1928:Air pollution measurement
1768:Diesel particulate matter
1588:of primary gases such as
712:War and environmental law
332:Health effects from noise
182:Volatile organic compound
21093:IARC Group 1 carcinogens
21032:Template:Home automation
20854:Kitchen exhaust cleaning
20550:Solar-assisted heat pump
20150:Air conditioner inverter
19929:Displacement ventilation
19820:Vapour pressure of water
19805:Thermal destratification
19545:Environmental mitigation
19402:Greenhouse gas emissions
19362:Environmental insecurity
17951:Marine mammals and sonar
17862:Radio spectrum pollution
17486:Severe weather statement
17158:Marine weather statement
16143:Current global map of PM
16131:Current global map of PM
16123:Current global map of PM
15879:Zangari, Shelby et al.,
14893:"Pm Naaqs | Us Epa"
14749:"Air Quality Objectives"
14118:10.2105/AJPH.2017.304297
12784:Spatial assessment of PM
12750:10.1001/jama.291.10.1238
11797:Perone, Gaetano (2022).
11582:Building and Environment
10759:(Submitted manuscript).
10656:15 February 2011 at the
10512:10.1088/1748-9326/ab94eb
10268:10.5194/acp-20-4085-2020
10222:. LOUISVILLE, Ky. (WAVE)
10190:Summary for Policymakers
8778:Air Quality Expert Group
8483:10.1021/acsomega.8b02043
6177:10.1504/IJEP.2010.030891
5965:
5542:
5456:
3494:Global Climate Coalition
3259:Streptococcus pneumoniae
3123:Harvard Six Cities study
2703:
2655:The smallest particles,
2462:which was linked to the
2374:flue-gas desulfurization
2137:single-scattering albedo
1511:White: sulfate particles
337:Marine mammals and sonar
21027:World Refrigeration Day
20874:Refrigerant reclamation
20803:Architectural acoustics
20747:Programmable thermostat
20679:Clean air delivery rate
20575:Thermal expansion valve
20490:Pressurisation ductwork
20400:Ground source heat pump
19841:Absorption refrigerator
19592:Sustainable consumption
18933:Social ecology (ethics)
18797:WikiProject Environment
18755:Most polluted countries
18699:Polluter pays principle
18430:Agricultural wastewater
17369:Air stagnation advisory
17168:Beach hazards statement
17135:Freezing spray advisory
16371:Winter weather advisory
16007:10.1126/science.abj6782
15931:Atmospheric Environment
15780:
15276:Environmental Pollution
14917:. Epa.gov. 28 June 2006
14801:"Air Quality Standards"
14300:10.1161/JAHA.114.001653
14013:Southeastern Geographer
13792:10.1073/pnas.1605941113
13589:10.1111/1462-2920.13686
13473:10.1001/jama.287.9.1132
12790:. Publications Office.
12084:Environmental Pollution
10361:10.1126/science.abd3980
10304:10.1126/science.aav0566
9883:August 8, 2018, at the
9460:10.1021/acs.est.9b01019
9404:10.1126/science.1089424
8349:. NASA. 31 August 2016.
8145:10.1073/pnas.1119909109
7435:10.1515/reveh-2012-0035
7335:10.1126/science.adf4915
7254:10.1021/acs.est.0c00740
7181:10.3389/fonc.2012.00148
7131:10.1136/oem.2004.014795
6813:Atmospheric Environment
6468:"Air quality, EASA Eco"
6217:10.1186/1743-8977-10-12
6064:annual limit since 2024
5958:particulate matter (PM)
4611:1st 9 months average PM
4294:Out of the 480 cities,
3514:The Heartland Institute
2604:fine particulate matter
2558:
2388:, and as the so-called
2302:or weather-driven from
1635:(both can be dry or in
1615:) as well as a natural
812:Freshwater salinization
732:Agricultural wastewater
21017:Glossary of HVAC terms
20979:Sick building syndrome
20859:Mechanical engineering
20570:Smoke exhaust ductwork
20001:Mixed-mode ventilation
19535:Ecological engineering
19315:runaway climate change
18815:Environment portal
18048:Agricultural pollution
16905:Excessive heat warning
16502:Freezing rain advisory
16342:Special marine warning
15869:, Wiley-Interscience,
15189:1 January 2010 at the
14166:10.1289/ehp.01109s3357
13303:Environmental Research
13246:Environmental Research
12302:Environmental Research
12034:Environmental Research
12015:10.26616/NIOSHPUB92102
11484:Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
7389:10.3390/ijerph15030438
6346:10.3390/ijerph19127511
6091:daily limit since 1987
6073:daily limit since 2007
5556:
5539:
4209:
4188:
4153:
4081:
3465:Major energy companies
3461:
3078:
3062:
2993:, is also of concern.
2916:
2540:
2485:Recent studies of the
2454:
2369:
2208:Specific aerosol roles
2122:
2108:
2091:
2074:
2058:
2047:(IPCC) stated in 2001:
2035:
1890:
1870:Substantial amount of
1817:environmental concerns
1811:Dust collection system
1800:
1709:
1541:; this particulate is
1512:
1249:
1238:
1031:Environment portal
63:
59:in a graphic from the
34:. For other uses, see
21037:Template:Solar energy
20715:Intelligent buildings
20674:Carbon dioxide sensor
20061:Room air distribution
19881:Central solar heating
18918:List of global issues
18470:Industrial wastewater
18336:Clutter (advertising)
18244:Municipal solid waste
18090:Soil guideline values
17934:Sustainable transport
17827:Information pollution
17627:Open burning of waste
17520:Information statement
17434:Volcanic ash advisory
17286:Blowing dust advisory
17163:Rip current statement
16412:Blowing snow advisory
16404:Blizzard/blowing snow
16165:Real time air quality
15725:G Invernizzi et al.,
14580:Encyclopedia of Earth
14025:10.1353/sgo.2019.0031
13825:"Parkinson's Disease"
13372:10.1136/jcp.53.11.822
11413:"黑水泥厂"围城" 打假队一年揪出13家"
10804:10.1126/article.26322
10691:28 April 2010 at the
10148:Nature Climate Change
8933:Reviews of Geophysics
8332:on 19 September 2016.
7522:10.4178/epih.e2018013
7100:www.sciencedirect.com
6129:John Wiley & Sons
5849:Non-exhaust emissions
5773:Contamination control
5550:
5533:
4451:, Switzerland with PM
4203:
4186:
4151:
4096:concentrations. (See
4079:
3701:Daily avg. (24-hour)
3544:Effects on vegetation
3510:climate change denier
3451:
3404:environmental justice
3300:Further information:
3253:Staphylococcus aureus
3111:systemic inflammation
3068:
3060:
2914:
2671:particles also carry
2534:
2452:
2367:
2161:particulate pollution
2120:
2102:
2085:
2068:
2049:
2033:
1869:
1829:electrostatic filters
1792:
1712:Further information:
1706:
1515:Further information:
1502:
1244:
1232:
1092:for other names) are
772:Industrial wastewater
540:Municipal solid waste
462:Soil guideline values
46:
20839:Duct leakage testing
20829:Deep energy retrofit
20773:Thermographic camera
20710:Infrared thermometer
20185:Air source heat pump
20134:Water heat recycling
19700:Air changes per hour
19520:Community resilience
19320:in the United States
19288:Biodiversity threats
18961:cannabis cultivation
18928:Planetary boundaries
18894:Environmental issues
18884:Ecological footprint
18742:Most polluted cities
18435:Biological pollution
18346:Overhead power lines
17464:Saffir–Simpson scale
17406:Evacuation immediate
17328:Dense smoke advisory
17291:Blowing dust warning
17255:Extreme wind warning
17208:Advisory-force winds
17086:Hurricane-force wind
17023:Small craft advisory
16900:Excessive heat watch
15993:Ogasa, Nikk (2021).
15794:. 12 September 2014.
15684:: 9603271231191436.
15537:"Aviation Pollution"
15391:levels Beijing 2022"
13997:on 17 December 2008.
13016:10.1029/2022GH000603
13002:(5): e2022GH000603.
12912:10.1289/ehp.00108941
11738:"Relation between PM
11061:Circulation Research
10941:on 16 December 2008.
10610:Bond, T. C. (2013).
10483:Goodale, Christine L
10460:10.1029/2022GL102061
10446:(1): e2022GL102061.
9891:, September 28, 1998
9864:10.1029/2001JD001508
9790:10.1289/ehp.97105514
9277:10.1029/1999GL006066
9250:Rosenfeld D (1999).
8953:10.1029/1999RG000078
8398:10.4271/2013-01-2741
8373:. 15 September 2017.
7606:Minerals Engineering
6003:Since 1 January 2014
5696:standards, June 2018
5680:standards, June 2018
5448:in Victoria and the
5204:United Arab Emirates
4710:United Arab Emirates
3968:has established the
3903:: Not applicable; PM
3707:Daily avg (24-hour)
3611:respiratory diseases
3512:private think tank,
3473:corporate propaganda
2646:terminal bronchioles
2410:solar geoengineering
2298:) or geological via
1745:Deposition processes
981:Most polluted cities
633:Overhead power lines
20705:HVAC control system
20695:Home energy monitor
20669:Building automation
20455:Inverter compressor
20117:Variable air volume
20026:Passive ventilation
19996:Kitchen ventilation
19896:Constant air volume
19866:Autonomous building
19582:Restoration ecology
19515:Climate engineering
19452:Ocean acidification
19442:Loss of green belts
19412:Holocene extinction
19407:Habitat destruction
19082:Environmental crime
18805:WikiProject Ecology
18502:Ocean acidification
18407:Unexploded ordnance
18278:Post-consumer waste
18138:Foam food container
18116:Biodegradable waste
17690:Global distillation
17466:(tropical cyclones)
17028:Brisk wind advisory
16980:Hard freeze warning
16335:Marine thunderstorm
15976:2022ACP....2215703P
15970:(24): 15703–15727.
15865:Hinds, William C.,
15835:2020ScTEn.74741267J
15690:2023HETox..4291436L
15347:2022ESSD...14.3197Z
15288:2017EPoll.223..605L
15210:. 20 February 2023.
14974:on 20 December 2016
14876:www.taipeitimes.com
14781:on 28 February 2015
14637:10.1289/ehp.1408092
14349:2019EnInt.129..291R
14247:10.1289/ehp.0800166
14068:2002EPJC...24..665.
13899:2005JTEHA..68.1301C
13783:2016PNAS..11310797M
13777:(39): 10797–10801.
13715:2020ScTEn.70134721F
13581:2017EnvMi..19.1868H
13315:2009ER....109..311W
13258:2012ER....117...46L
13208:10.1155/2014/901017
13129:2012AQAH....5..369S
13008:2022GHeal...6..603M
12957:1987RiskA...7..449O
12635:2005JTEHA..68.1301C
12588:The Lancet Oncology
12473:2021ESPR...28.9029L
12314:2019ER....17708638T
12211:2015CEHR....2..430W
12149:2016PLoSO..1161851L
12096:2020EPoll.25613307C
12046:2016ER....151..763F
11876:2021JESEE..31..797K
11815:2022NatSR..1213317P
11758:2022ScTEn.84857579R
11677:10.1289/ehp.1103618
11594:2022BuEnv.20908580R
11539:2018ScTEn.625.1659H
11496:2021EcoES.21812294L
11471:. 10 February 2023.
11401:on 3 December 2022.
11309:2022JCPro.37734282N
10905:2006JCli...19.2036C
10846:2013GeoRL..40..999N
10769:1992GeoRL..19..159S
10722:1995Natur.373..399M
10628:2013JGRD..118.5380B
10589:2021AGUFM.U13B..05K
10503:2020ERL....15i4063V
10452:2023GeoRL..5002061J
10352:2021Sci...371..485G
10259:2020ACP....20.4085M
10160:2021NatCC..11..207G
10117:2021AGUFM.U13B..05K
10046:on 22 December 2018
9963:2001AgFM..107..255S
9855:2003JGRD..108.8364T
9728:1996Sci...272..244L
9581:1994SciAm.270b..48C
9569:Scientific American
9534:(22): 14957–14970.
9452:2019EnST...53.8682R
9396:2004Sci...303.1342K
9353:2000Sci...288.1042A
9312:1997JGR...102.6831H
9268:1999GeoRL..26.3105R
9213:2000JAtS...57.2707F
9180:(5332): 1636–1639.
9147:2000JAtS...57.2684A
9092:1992Sci...255..423C
9059:on 28 February 2002
8995:1977JAtS...34.1149T
8945:2000RvGeo..38..513H
8904:2023ESSD...15.2295F
8862:10.1021/ac60334a033
8831:uk-air.defra.gov.uk
8477:(10): 13219–13226.
8267:on 28 February 2008
8213:ACS Central Science
8188:on 28 February 2008
8136:2012PNAS..109.2836P
8099:on 28 February 2008
7906:. 22 February 2023.
7856:2019EnInt.128..116L
7813:2022EnInt.16207151X
7785:10.3390/su142113832
7618:2005MiEng..18.1183P
7571:2021IJCST...8..179F
7473:10.1787/4a4dc6ca-en
7327:2023Sci...382..941H
7246:2020EnST...54.7107P
7019:2020Heliy...603299K
6935:. 16 September 2024
6885:. 15 February 2017.
6825:2016AtmEn.137...62A
6687:10.4209/aaqr.220412
6640:2017Chmsp.167..530S
6549:2022EPoll.29918907L
6446:2015RSERv..48..635O
6208:2013PFTox..10...12B
5938:Pulmonary emphysema
5788:Exposure assessment
5612:data is available.
5586:Olympic Park, Seoul
5551:Concentration of PM
5534:Concentration of PM
4599:, Jan to Sep 2022:
3418:Wildfire smoke risk
3349:Parkinson's disease
3330:Alzheimer's disease
2922:construction wastes
2796:Sahara sand (Libya)
2719:Type of particulate
2630:Inhalable particles
2412:proposals known as
2386:surface temperature
2294:from mostly marine
2282:. Some of them are
1831:used in facemasks,
1821:cyclonic separators
1757:Global distillation
1557:, and thus include
1369:in cooling systems.
1328:Glass reprocessing.
1170:ultrafine particles
1099:of solid or liquid
797:Ocean acidification
707:Unexploded ordnance
628:Advertising clutter
560:Post-consumer waste
505:Foam food container
490:Biodegradable waste
147:Global distillation
20968:Indoor air quality
20912:ASTM International
20849:Hydronic balancing
20626:Wood-burning stove
20505:Radiator reflector
20290:Evaporative cooler
20101:Underfloor heating
20086:Thermal insulation
19597:Waste minimization
19555:Mitigation banking
19550:Industrial ecology
19510:Cleaner production
19462:Resource depletion
18998:Corporate behavior
18956:animal agriculture
18825:Ecology portal
18709:Waste minimisation
18684:Industrial ecology
18679:Cleaner production
18497:Nutrient pollution
18374:Herbicidal warfare
18168:Construction waste
17804:Introduced species
17675:Indoor air quality
17602:Chlorofluorocarbon
17411:Fire weather watch
17323:Dense fog advisory
17301:Dust storm warning
17183:High surf advisory
17033:Lake wind advisory
15920:. 4 December 2021.
15904:. 5 December 2022.
15172:on 1 January 2010.
15146:on 31 January 2017
15115:on 27 January 2017
15059:on 1 January 2010.
15030:. 6 February 2023.
14878:. 5 February 2014.
14403:10.1111/resp.12613
12875:. 24 December 2021
12267:10.3233/JAD-200483
11923:Scientific Reports
11803:Scientific Reports
11238:. 10 October 2022.
10913:10.1175/JCLI3820.1
10893:Journal of Climate
10637:10.1002/jgrd.50171
10548:on 14 January 2017
10297:(6427): eaav0566.
8600:"買樓難題:大廈維修,住得難頂嗎?"
8292:The New York Times
8075:gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov
7423:Rev Environ Health
6871:. 21 October 2022.
5943:Pulmonary fibrosis
5653:emission inventory
5634:particulate matter
5557:
5540:
5510:. You can help by
5175:
4210:
4189:
4154:
4082:
3603:Group 1 carcinogen
3563:. You can help by
3462:
3388:Racial disparities
3095:premature delivery
3079:
3063:
2987:indoor air quality
2928:or a ship full of
2917:
2889:. You can help by
2785:Lokon volcanic ash
2758:Fractal aggregate
2642:Thoracic particles
2541:
2495:Northern Territory
2455:
2370:
2355:ground-level ozone
2288:chemical reactions
2266:(often through an
2123:
2109:
2092:
2075:
2036:
1965:X-ray spectrometry
1891:
1801:
1762:mostly removed by
1710:
1575:sea spray aerosols
1513:
1260:(e.g., aircraft),
1250:
1239:
1181:Group 1 carcinogen
1043:Ecology portal
668:Herbicidal warfare
212:Introduced species
152:Indoor air quality
122:Chlorofluorocarbon
64:
21045:
21044:
20961:Health and safety
20540:Scroll compressor
20495:Process duct work
20250:Convection heater
20245:Condensing boiler
20175:Air-mixing plenum
20071:Solar combisystem
19907:Cross ventilation
19710:Building envelope
19650:
19649:
19472:Water degradation
19347:Ecological crisis
19293:biodiversity loss
19092:Industrialisation
19077:Genetic pollution
18923:Impact assessment
18831:
18830:
18704:Pollution control
18384:Nuclear holocaust
18293:Thermal treatment
18261:Plastic pollution
18178:Mercury poisoning
18131:Battery recycling
18030:Radioactive waste
17799:Genetic pollution
17794:Biological hazard
17592:Air quality index
17528:
17527:
17382:
17381:
17374:Air quality alert
17263:
17262:
17239:High wind warning
17188:High surf warning
17153:
17152:
16998:
16997:
16990:Hard freeze watch
16870:
16869:
16673:
16672:
16543:
16542:
16507:Ice storm warning
16350:
16349:
15823:Sci Total Environ
15633:. 7 January 2015.
15387:"China: annual PM
15027:Independent.co.uk
14514:Our World in Data
14037:Project MUSE
13893:(13–14): 1301–7.
13529:10.1136/bmj.f7412
12831:(9859): 2224–60.
12805:978-92-9167-988-1
12629:(13–14): 1301–7.
11974:Los Angeles Times
11671:(12): 1781–1787.
11527:Sci Total Environ
11040:on 29 June 2011.
10899:(10): 2036–2045.
10854:10.1002/grl.50263
10777:10.1029/91GL02958
10716:(6513): 399–404.
10622:(11): 5380–5552.
10395:(7930): 101–106.
10346:(6528): 485–489.
10007:978-0-12-821575-3
9508:978-0-471-17816-3
9446:(15): 8682–8694.
9321:10.1029/96JD03436
9306:(D6): 6831–6864.
9262:(20): 3105–3108.
9207:(16): 2707–2728.
9141:(16): 2684–2695.
8977:Twomey S (1977).
8717:. 6 October 2022.
8574:. 6 January 2023.
8219:(12): 1617–1623.
7931:10.1136/bmj.h2757
7728:978-3-319-21595-2
7612:(12): 1183–1199.
7482:978-92-64-88885-2
7321:(6673): 941–946.
7240:(12): 7107–7116.
7119:Occup Environ Med
6283:ehp.niehs.nih.gov
6171:(1/2/3): 160–74.
6142:978-0-471-17816-3
5733:Air quality index
5604:, air quality in
5528:
5527:
5425:
5424:
4146:
4145:
4131:
4056:
4055:
3933:
3932:
3581:
3580:
3506:trade association
3422:In regions where
3233:inflammation and
3097:, birth defects,
3055:
3054:
2907:
2906:
2806:
2805:
2565:respiratory tract
2118:
2083:
2071:optical thickness
2061:Aerosol radiative
2028:
2027:
2020:
1934:Ringelmann charts
1872:construction dust
1867:
1790:
1704:
1694:Size distribution
1670:radiative forcing
1500:
1230:
1079:
1078:
1014:
1013:
680:Nuclear holocaust
603:Urban heat island
417:Radioactive waste
202:Biological hazard
112:Air quality index
16:(Redirected from
21100:
21007:Building science
20762:Smart thermostat
20757:Room temperature
20340:Fireplace insert
20046:Radon mitigation
19944:Electric heating
19939:District heating
19934:District cooling
19851:Air conditioning
19677:
19670:
19663:
19654:
19653:
19625:
19624:
19614:
19613:
19447:Phosphorus cycle
19427:Land consumption
19422:Land degradation
19397:Freshwater cycle
19196:Overexploitation
19169:marine pollution
18976:cocoa production
18858:
18851:
18844:
18835:
18834:
18823:
18822:
18821:
18813:
18812:
18803:
18802:
18795:
18794:
18787:
18786:
18774:
18773:
18648:Legacy pollution
18507:Oil exploitation
18369:Chemical warfare
18283:Waste management
18190:Industrial waste
18158:Biomedical waste
18126:Electronic waste
18111:Advertising mail
18095:Phytoremediation
18070:Land degradation
17855:Overillumination
17809:Invasive species
17555:
17548:
17541:
17532:
17531:
17396:Red flag warning
17346:Ashfall advisory
17276:
17275:
17205:
17204:
17013:
17012:
16883:
16882:
16703:
16702:
16556:
16555:
16448:Lake-effect snow
16422:Blizzard warning
16361:
16360:
16261:
16260:
16237:
16230:
16223:
16214:
16213:
16041:
16039:
16037:
16018:
15989:
15987:
15954:
15921:
15913:
15905:
15862:
15795:
15776:
15766:
15755:10.1289/ehp.6114
15749:(9): 1209–1214.
15717:
15668:
15646:
15634:
15609:
15608:
15601:
15595:
15594:
15581:
15575:
15574:
15567:
15561:
15560:
15547:
15541:
15540:
15533:
15527:
15526:
15515:
15509:
15508:
15507:. 13 March 2023.
15501:
15495:
15494:
15493:. 27 March 2023.
15487:
15481:
15480:
15473:
15467:
15466:
15459:
15453:
15452:
15439:
15433:
15432:
15430:
15428:
15412:
15406:
15405:
15403:
15401:
15383:
15377:
15376:
15358:
15341:(7): 3197–3211.
15322:
15316:
15315:
15267:
15261:
15260:
15255:
15253:
15238:
15232:
15231:
15218:
15212:
15211:
15204:
15193:
15180:
15174:
15173:
15162:
15156:
15155:
15153:
15151:
15145:
15139:. Archived from
15138:
15130:
15124:
15123:
15122:
15120:
15114:
15108:, archived from
15107:
15096:
15090:
15089:
15087:
15085:
15080:on 18 March 2010
15070:
15061:
15060:
15049:
15043:
15038:
15032:
15031:
15018:
15012:
15011:
15004:
14998:
14997:
14990:
14984:
14983:
14981:
14979:
14973:
14967:. Archived from
14966:
14954:
14948:
14947:
14941:
14933:
14927:
14926:
14924:
14922:
14911:
14905:
14904:
14902:
14900:
14889:
14880:
14879:
14868:
14862:
14861:
14859:
14857:
14846:
14840:
14839:
14832:
14826:
14825:
14814:
14808:
14807:
14805:
14797:
14791:
14790:
14788:
14786:
14767:
14761:
14760:
14758:
14756:
14745:
14739:
14738:
14736:
14734:
14723:
14714:
14713:
14711:
14709:
14703:
14696:
14688:
14682:
14681:
14679:
14677:
14665:
14659:
14658:
14648:
14616:
14610:
14609:
14607:
14605:
14590:
14584:
14583:
14576:"Abiotic factor"
14571:
14565:
14559:
14553:
14547:
14541:
14537:, 18 March 2021
14532:
14523:
14521:
14498:
14492:
14491:
14479:
14473:
14472:
14462:
14430:
14424:
14423:
14405:
14377:
14371:
14370:
14360:
14328:
14322:
14321:
14311:
14275:
14269:
14268:
14258:
14226:
14220:
14219:
14217:
14215:
14200:
14194:
14193:
14181:
14170:
14169:
14146:
14140:
14139:
14129:
14097:
14088:
14087:
14051:
14045:
14044:
14008:
13999:
13998:
13996:
13990:. Archived from
13988:ww16.baq2008.org
13985:
13977:
13971:
13969:
13944:(9767): 732–40.
13933:
13927:
13926:
13882:
13876:
13875:
13835:
13829:
13828:
13821:
13815:
13814:
13804:
13794:
13761:
13755:
13754:
13752:
13750:
13745:on 31 March 2022
13741:. Archived from
13694:
13688:
13687:
13685:
13683:
13668:
13662:
13661:
13649:
13643:
13642:
13635:
13629:
13628:
13625:www.newswise.com
13617:
13611:
13610:
13600:
13575:(5): 1868–1880.
13566:
13557:
13551:
13550:
13540:
13501:
13495:
13494:
13484:
13449:
13443:
13442:
13432:
13400:
13394:
13393:
13383:
13351:
13345:
13344:
13334:
13294:
13288:
13287:
13277:
13237:
13231:
13230:
13220:
13210:
13186:
13180:
13179:
13177:
13175:
13160:
13149:
13148:
13112:
13106:
13105:
13095:
13063:
13057:
13056:
13044:
13038:
13037:
13027:
12983:
12977:
12976:
12940:
12934:
12933:
12923:
12891:
12885:
12884:
12882:
12880:
12865:
12859:
12858:
12848:
12816:
12810:
12809:
12779:
12770:
12769:
12733:
12727:
12726:
12701:(342): 284–290.
12687:
12681:
12680:
12669:
12663:
12662:
12618:
12612:
12611:
12579:
12570:
12569:
12557:
12551:
12550:
12540:
12507:
12501:
12500:
12467:(8): 9029–9049.
12455:
12444:
12443:
12407:
12396:
12395:
12385:
12353:
12342:
12341:
12296:
12287:
12286:
12250:
12241:
12240:
12230:
12190:
12181:
12180:
12170:
12160:
12127:
12118:
12117:
12107:
12075:
12066:
12065:
12028:
12019:
12018:
11999:
11993:
11992:
11985:
11979:
11978:
11965:
11959:
11958:
11948:
11938:
11914:
11908:
11907:
11897:
11887:
11851:
11845:
11844:
11834:
11794:
11788:
11787:
11777:
11733:
11727:
11726:
11719:
11713:
11712:
11705:
11699:
11698:
11688:
11656:
11650:
11649:
11647:
11645:
11630:
11624:
11623:
11613:
11573:
11567:
11566:
11522:
11516:
11515:
11479:
11473:
11472:
11465:
11459:
11458:
11451:
11445:
11444:
11437:
11431:
11430:
11423:
11417:
11416:
11409:
11403:
11402:
11397:. Archived from
11391:
11385:
11384:
11383:on 28 June 2023.
11379:. Archived from
11373:
11367:
11366:
11365:on 28 June 2023.
11364:
11358:. Archived from
11357:
11349:
11343:
11342:
11339:"Sustainability"
11335:
11329:
11328:
11288:
11282:
11281:
11274:
11268:
11267:
11260:
11254:
11253:
11246:
11240:
11239:
11232:
11226:
11225:
11218:
11212:
11209:
11203:
11202:
11158:
11152:
11151:
11141:
11101:
11095:
11094:
11084:
11052:
11046:
11045:
11030:
11024:
11021:
11015:
11014:
10997:(5): 1117–1121.
10986:
10980:
10973:
10967:
10966:
10965:on 16 June 2012.
10964:
10958:. Archived from
10957:
10949:
10943:
10942:
10937:. Archived from
10931:
10925:
10924:
10888:
10879:
10878:
10865:
10828:
10822:
10821:
10815:
10807:
10787:
10781:
10780:
10748:
10742:
10741:
10730:10.1038/373399a0
10705:
10699:
10683:
10677:
10671:
10665:
10648:
10642:
10641:
10639:
10607:
10601:
10600:
10574:
10564:
10558:
10557:
10555:
10553:
10547:
10541:. Archived from
10540:
10531:
10525:
10524:
10514:
10478:
10472:
10471:
10431:
10425:
10424:
10414:
10404:
10380:
10374:
10373:
10363:
10331:
10325:
10324:
10306:
10288:
10279:
10273:
10272:
10270:
10253:(7): 4085–4103.
10238:
10232:
10231:
10229:
10227:
10211:
10205:
10186:
10180:
10179:
10145:
10135:
10129:
10128:
10102:
10092:
10086:
10085:
10083:
10081:
10062:
10056:
10055:
10053:
10051:
10032:
10026:
10025:
10024:
10022:
9981:
9975:
9974:
9943:
9937:
9936:
9928:
9922:
9921:
9919:
9917:
9912:on 17 March 2007
9898:
9892:
9875:
9869:
9868:
9866:
9834:
9828:
9827:
9809:
9769:
9763:
9762:
9760:
9758:
9752:
9713:
9704:
9698:
9697:
9692:. Archived from
9682:
9676:
9663:
9652:
9641:
9635:
9634:
9632:
9630:
9615:
9609:
9608:
9560:
9554:
9553:
9543:
9519:
9510:
9496:
9490:
9489:
9479:
9430:
9424:
9423:
9390:(5662): 1342–5.
9379:
9373:
9372:
9347:(5468): 1042–7.
9332:
9326:
9325:
9323:
9291:
9282:
9281:
9279:
9247:
9241:
9240:
9196:
9190:
9189:
9165:
9159:
9158:
9126:
9120:
9119:
9086:(5043): 423–30.
9075:
9069:
9068:
9066:
9064:
9055:. Archived from
9045:
9039:
9038:
9026:
9009:
9008:
9006:
8989:(7): 1149–1152.
8974:
8965:
8964:
8928:
8919:
8917:
8915:
8889:
8880:
8874:
8873:
8841:
8835:
8834:
8822:
8816:
8815:
8813:
8811:
8796:
8790:
8789:
8787:
8785:
8775:
8767:
8761:
8760:
8753:
8747:
8746:
8739:
8733:
8732:
8725:
8719:
8718:
8711:
8705:
8704:
8697:
8691:
8690:
8683:
8677:
8676:
8669:
8663:
8662:
8655:
8649:
8648:
8641:
8635:
8634:
8627:
8618:
8617:
8610:
8604:
8603:
8596:
8590:
8589:
8586:"大廈外牆維修,你地會搬走嗎?"
8582:
8576:
8575:
8568:
8562:
8561:
8554:
8548:
8547:
8540:
8534:
8533:
8526:
8520:
8519:
8511:
8505:
8504:
8494:
8462:
8456:
8455:
8440:
8434:
8433:
8431:
8429:
8423:
8415:
8409:
8408:
8406:
8404:
8381:
8375:
8374:
8367:
8361:
8355:
8354:
8350:
8343:
8334:
8333:
8331:
8324:
8316:
8303:
8302:
8300:
8298:
8283:
8277:
8276:
8274:
8272:
8253:
8247:
8246:
8236:
8204:
8198:
8197:
8195:
8193:
8174:
8168:
8167:
8157:
8147:
8115:
8109:
8108:
8106:
8104:
8085:
8079:
8078:
8067:
8061:
8060:
8053:
8047:
8046:
8039:
8033:
8032:
8025:
8019:
8018:
8011:
8005:
8004:
7997:
7991:
7990:
7983:
7977:
7976:
7974:
7972:
7957:
7951:
7950:
7914:
7908:
7907:
7900:
7894:
7893:
7885:
7876:
7875:
7839:
7833:
7832:
7796:
7790:
7789:
7787:
7763:
7757:
7756:
7749:
7743:
7742:
7740:
7706:
7700:
7699:
7685:
7679:
7678:
7668:
7636:
7630:
7629:
7597:
7591:
7590:
7550:
7544:
7543:
7533:
7510:Epidemiol Health
7501:
7495:
7494:
7461:
7455:
7454:
7418:
7412:
7411:
7401:
7391:
7363:
7357:
7356:
7346:
7306:
7300:
7299:
7292:
7286:
7285:
7283:
7281:
7224:
7218:
7217:
7210:
7204:
7203:
7193:
7183:
7159:
7153:
7152:
7142:
7110:
7104:
7103:
7092:
7086:
7085:
7074:
7068:
7067:
7065:
7057:
7051:
7050:
7040:
7030:
6997:
6991:
6990:
6981:
6975:
6974:
6965:
6959:
6958:
6957:. 11 March 2022.
6951:
6945:
6944:
6942:
6940:
6925:
6919:
6918:
6907:
6901:
6900:
6893:
6887:
6886:
6879:
6873:
6872:
6865:
6859:
6858:
6843:
6837:
6836:
6804:
6798:
6797:
6768:
6762:
6761:
6751:
6741:
6713:
6707:
6706:
6666:
6660:
6659:
6622:
6616:
6615:
6583:
6577:
6576:
6532:
6526:
6525:
6481:
6472:
6471:
6464:
6458:
6457:
6429:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6418:
6400:
6394:
6393:
6391:
6383:
6377:
6376:
6366:
6348:
6324:
6318:
6317:
6305:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6294:
6285:. Archived from
6275:
6269:
6268:
6266:
6264:
6249:
6240:
6239:
6229:
6219:
6187:
6181:
6180:
6162:
6153:
6147:
6146:
6126:
6116:
6101:
6098:
6092:
6089:
6083:
6080:
6074:
6071:
6065:
6062:
6056:
6049:
6043:
6036:
6030:
6023:
6017:
6010:
6004:
6001:
5995:
5988:
5982:
5975:
5874:Suspended solids
5792:Exposure science
5689:
5673:
5623:'s capital city
5523:
5520:
5502:
5495:
5411:
5409:
5408:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5358:
5356:
5355:
5332:
5330:
5329:
5306:
5304:
5303:
5280:
5278:
5277:
5254:
5252:
5251:
5228:
5226:
5225:
5202:
5200:
5199:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5124:
5122:
5121:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5072:
5070:
5069:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5020:
5018:
5017:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4890:
4888:
4887:
4864:
4862:
4861:
4838:
4836:
4835:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4708:
4706:
4705:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4608:Country / Region
4602:
4601:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4493:
4491:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4478:, with 1.7
4472:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4364:
4362:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4317:
4315:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4162:carbon nanotubes
4141:
4138:
4132:
4129:
4116:
4115:
4108:
3975:
3974:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3644:Country/ Region
3641:
3640:
3576:
3573:
3555:
3548:
3540:its regulation.
3522:tobacco industry
3498:create confusion
3458:renewable energy
3186:Inhalation of PM
3099:low birth weight
3050:
3047:
3041:
3029:
3028:
3021:
2991:third-hand smoke
2972:metal Fume Fever
2962:as they contain
2902:
2899:
2881:
2874:
2858:
2846:
2834:
2822:
2716:
2715:
2347:low birth weight
2292:dimethyl sulfide
2270:reaction in the
2258:to form gaseous
2232:sulfur compounds
2119:
2084:
2053:greenhouse gases
2023:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2003:
1983:
1982:
1975:
1868:
1791:
1705:
1677:refractive index
1648:light-scatterers
1637:aqueous solution
1633:ammonium nitrate
1629:ammonium sulfate
1549:originated from
1501:
1304:heavy equipments
1231:
1071:
1064:
1057:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1029:
1028:
960:
959:
663:Chemical warfare
565:Waste management
525:Industrial waste
500:Electronic waste
485:Advertising mail
467:Phytoremediation
442:Land degradation
382:Depleted uranium
267:Overillumination
217:Invasive species
89:
66:
65:
55:compared with a
21:
21108:
21107:
21103:
21102:
21101:
21099:
21098:
21097:
21083:Climate forcing
21048:
21047:
21046:
21041:
21002:ASHRAE Handbook
20990:
20974:Passive smoking
20956:
20889:
20883:
20795:
20793:
20787:
20641:
20635:
20616:Whole-house fan
20530:Run-around coil
20525:Reversing valve
20470:Mechanical room
20460:Kerosene heater
20450:Infrared heater
20380:Gasoline heater
20320:Fan filter unit
20235:Condensate pump
20220:Centrifugal fan
20138:
20041:Radiant heating
20036:Radiant cooling
20011:Passive cooling
20006:Microgeneration
19876:Central heating
19824:
19800:Thermal comfort
19692:
19686:
19681:
19651:
19646:
19601:
19560:Organic farming
19486:
19477:Water pollution
19457:Ozone depletion
19437:Loss and damage
19337:Desertification
19274:
19186:Overconsumption
19107:cleaning agents
19008:Energy industry
18971:meat production
18937:
18867:
18862:
18832:
18827:
18819:
18817:
18807:
18764:
18750:
18718:
18667:
18616:
18583:
18522:Pharmaceuticals
18512:Oil exploration
18416:
18388:Nuclear fallout
18355:
18317:
18299:
18273:Packaging waste
18227:Deep sea mining
18153:Hazardous waste
18099:
18080:Open defecation
18034:
18000:Nuclear fallout
17995:Nuclear fission
17971:
17897:
17866:
17837:Electromagnetic
17831:
17815:
17780:
17700:Ozone depletion
17573:
17564:
17559:
17529:
17524:
17495:
17469:
17458:Enhanced Fujita
17444:
17438:
17415:
17378:
17355:
17351:Ashfall warning
17332:
17305:
17270:
17259:
17243:
17234:High wind watch
17219:
17196:
17193:High surf watch
17172:
17149:
17123:
17102:
17081:
17060:
17037:
17008:
17006:
17004:
16994:
16958:
16942:
16909:
16877:
16866:
16850:
16824:
16798:Lakeshore flood
16793:
16760:
16727:
16692:
16669:
16646:
16623:
16600:
16577:
16560:Tropical storms
16550:
16539:
16511:
16488:
16470:
16442:
16426:
16398:
16375:
16356:
16346:
16330:
16292:
16256:
16250:
16241:
16174:Air quality map
16154:
16150:
16146:
16138:
16134:
16126:
16109:
16059:
16054:
16035:
16033:
16031:Undark Magazine
16026:
16021:
15916:
15908:
15900:
15786:
15783:
15678:Hum Exp Toxicol
15675:
15664:TheGuardian.com
15653:
15637:
15625:
15622:
15617:
15615:Further reading
15612:
15603:
15602:
15598:
15583:
15582:
15578:
15569:
15568:
15564:
15549:
15548:
15544:
15535:
15534:
15530:
15517:
15516:
15512:
15503:
15502:
15498:
15489:
15488:
15484:
15479:. 26 June 2018.
15475:
15474:
15470:
15461:
15460:
15456:
15441:
15440:
15436:
15426:
15424:
15413:
15409:
15399:
15397:
15390:
15385:
15384:
15380:
15330:
15323:
15319:
15268:
15264:
15251:
15249:
15239:
15235:
15220:
15219:
15215:
15206:
15205:
15196:
15191:Wayback Machine
15181:
15177:
15164:
15163:
15159:
15149:
15147:
15143:
15136:
15132:
15131:
15127:
15118:
15116:
15112:
15105:
15097:
15093:
15083:
15081:
15072:
15071:
15064:
15051:
15050:
15046:
15039:
15035:
15020:
15019:
15015:
15006:
15005:
15001:
14992:
14991:
14987:
14977:
14975:
14971:
14964:
14961:
14956:
14955:
14951:
14939:
14935:
14934:
14930:
14920:
14918:
14913:
14912:
14908:
14898:
14896:
14891:
14890:
14883:
14870:
14869:
14865:
14855:
14853:
14848:
14847:
14843:
14834:
14833:
14829:
14816:
14815:
14811:
14803:
14799:
14798:
14794:
14784:
14782:
14774:
14769:
14768:
14764:
14754:
14752:
14747:
14746:
14742:
14732:
14730:
14725:
14724:
14717:
14707:
14705:
14701:
14694:
14690:
14689:
14685:
14675:
14673:
14666:
14662:
14617:
14613:
14603:
14601:
14591:
14587:
14572:
14568:
14560:
14556:
14548:
14544:
14533:
14526:
14502:Ritchie, Hannah
14499:
14495:
14480:
14476:
14451:10.1289/EHP3860
14431:
14427:
14385:
14378:
14374:
14329:
14325:
14283:
14276:
14272:
14227:
14223:
14213:
14211:
14201:
14197:
14182:
14173:
14148:
14147:
14143:
14098:
14091:
14053:
14052:
14048:
14009:
14002:
13994:
13983:
13979:
13978:
13974:
13934:
13930:
13883:
13879:
13836:
13832:
13823:
13822:
13818:
13762:
13758:
13748:
13746:
13695:
13691:
13681:
13679:
13669:
13665:
13650:
13646:
13637:
13636:
13632:
13619:
13618:
13614:
13564:
13558:
13554:
13507:
13502:
13498:
13450:
13446:
13401:
13397:
13352:
13348:
13295:
13291:
13238:
13234:
13187:
13183:
13173:
13171:
13161:
13152:
13113:
13109:
13064:
13060:
13045:
13041:
12991:
12984:
12980:
12941:
12937:
12906:(10): 941–947.
12892:
12888:
12878:
12876:
12867:
12866:
12862:
12817:
12813:
12806:
12787:
12780:
12773:
12744:(10): 1238–45.
12734:
12730:
12691:Lave, Lester B.
12688:
12684:
12679:on 14 May 2011.
12671:
12670:
12666:
12619:
12615:
12580:
12573:
12558:
12554:
12508:
12504:
12456:
12447:
12408:
12399:
12374:10.1289/EHP4595
12354:
12345:
12297:
12290:
12251:
12244:
12191:
12184:
12143:(9): e0161851.
12128:
12121:
12076:
12069:
12029:
12022:
12001:
12000:
11996:
11991:. 13 June 2023.
11987:
11986:
11982:
11977:. 22 July 2021.
11967:
11966:
11962:
11915:
11911:
11859:
11852:
11848:
11795:
11791:
11741:
11734:
11730:
11721:
11720:
11716:
11707:
11706:
11702:
11657:
11653:
11643:
11641:
11632:
11631:
11627:
11574:
11570:
11523:
11519:
11480:
11476:
11467:
11466:
11462:
11453:
11452:
11448:
11439:
11438:
11434:
11425:
11424:
11420:
11411:
11410:
11406:
11393:
11392:
11388:
11375:
11374:
11370:
11362:
11355:
11351:
11350:
11346:
11337:
11336:
11332:
11289:
11285:
11276:
11275:
11271:
11262:
11261:
11257:
11248:
11247:
11243:
11234:
11233:
11229:
11220:
11219:
11215:
11210:
11206:
11166:
11159:
11155:
11122:10.1289/EHP2054
11102:
11098:
11053:
11049:
11032:
11031:
11027:
11022:
11018:
10987:
10983:
10974:
10970:
10962:
10955:
10951:
10950:
10946:
10933:
10932:
10928:
10889:
10882:
10840:(5): 999–1004.
10829:
10825:
10809:
10808:
10788:
10784:
10749:
10745:
10706:
10702:
10697:Science Centric
10693:Wayback Machine
10684:
10680:
10672:
10668:
10658:Wayback Machine
10649:
10645:
10608:
10604:
10572:
10565:
10561:
10551:
10549:
10545:
10538:
10532:
10528:
10479:
10475:
10432:
10428:
10381:
10377:
10332:
10328:
10286:
10280:
10276:
10239:
10235:
10225:
10223:
10212:
10208:
10187:
10183:
10143:
10136:
10132:
10100:
10093:
10089:
10079:
10077:
10064:
10063:
10059:
10049:
10047:
10034:
10033:
10029:
10020:
10018:
10008:
9982:
9978:
9944:
9940:
9929:
9925:
9915:
9913:
9900:
9899:
9895:
9885:Wayback Machine
9876:
9872:
9843:J. Geophys. Res
9835:
9831:
9770:
9766:
9756:
9754:
9750:
9711:
9705:
9701:
9696:on 14 May 2009.
9684:
9683:
9679:
9673:Wayback Machine
9664:
9655:
9642:
9638:
9628:
9626:
9616:
9612:
9561:
9557:
9520:
9513:
9497:
9493:
9431:
9427:
9380:
9376:
9333:
9329:
9292:
9285:
9248:
9244:
9197:
9193:
9166:
9162:
9127:
9123:
9076:
9072:
9062:
9060:
9047:
9046:
9042:
9027:
9012:
8975:
8968:
8929:
8922:
8887:
8881:
8877:
8842:
8838:
8823:
8819:
8809:
8807:
8798:
8797:
8793:
8783:
8781:
8773:
8769:
8768:
8764:
8755:
8754:
8750:
8741:
8740:
8736:
8727:
8726:
8722:
8713:
8712:
8708:
8699:
8698:
8694:
8685:
8684:
8680:
8671:
8670:
8666:
8657:
8656:
8652:
8643:
8642:
8638:
8629:
8628:
8621:
8612:
8611:
8607:
8598:
8597:
8593:
8584:
8583:
8579:
8570:
8569:
8565:
8556:
8555:
8551:
8542:
8541:
8537:
8528:
8527:
8523:
8512:
8508:
8463:
8459:
8447:
8442:
8441:
8437:
8427:
8425:
8421:
8417:
8416:
8412:
8402:
8400:
8392:. Vol. 1.
8382:
8378:
8369:
8368:
8364:
8352:
8345:
8344:
8337:
8329:
8322:
8318:
8317:
8306:
8296:
8294:
8284:
8280:
8270:
8268:
8255:
8254:
8250:
8205:
8201:
8191:
8189:
8176:
8175:
8171:
8116:
8112:
8102:
8100:
8087:
8086:
8082:
8069:
8068:
8064:
8055:
8054:
8050:
8041:
8040:
8036:
8027:
8026:
8022:
8013:
8012:
8008:
7999:
7998:
7994:
7985:
7984:
7980:
7970:
7968:
7958:
7954:
7915:
7911:
7902:
7901:
7897:
7886:
7879:
7840:
7836:
7797:
7793:
7764:
7760:
7751:
7750:
7746:
7729:
7707:
7703:
7686:
7682:
7637:
7633:
7598:
7594:
7551:
7547:
7502:
7498:
7483:
7463:
7462:
7458:
7419:
7415:
7371:
7364:
7360:
7307:
7303:
7294:
7293:
7289:
7279:
7277:
7225:
7221:
7212:
7211:
7207:
7160:
7156:
7111:
7107:
7094:
7093:
7089:
7076:
7075:
7071:
7063:
7059:
7058:
7054:
6998:
6994:
6983:
6982:
6978:
6967:
6966:
6962:
6953:
6952:
6948:
6938:
6936:
6927:
6926:
6922:
6909:
6908:
6904:
6895:
6894:
6890:
6881:
6880:
6876:
6867:
6866:
6862:
6854:
6850:
6845:
6844:
6840:
6805:
6801:
6769:
6765:
6721:
6714:
6710:
6667:
6663:
6623:
6619:
6584:
6580:
6533:
6529:
6489:
6482:
6475:
6466:
6465:
6461:
6430:
6426:
6416:
6414:
6407:
6402:
6401:
6397:
6389:
6385:
6384:
6380:
6325:
6321:
6306:
6302:
6292:
6290:
6277:
6276:
6272:
6262:
6260:
6250:
6243:
6188:
6184:
6160:
6154:
6150:
6143:
6117:
6113:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6095:
6090:
6086:
6081:
6077:
6072:
6068:
6063:
6059:
6054:
6050:
6046:
6041:
6037:
6033:
6028:
6024:
6020:
6015:
6011:
6007:
6002:
5998:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5952:
5947:
5918:Atherosclerosis
5907:Health-related:
5880:Health effects:
5737:Air quality law
5723:
5705:
5697:
5695:
5690:
5681:
5679:
5674:
5665:
5643:
5639:
5618:
5611:
5598:
5583:
5562:
5554:
5545:
5538:in Europe, 2005
5537:
5524:
5518:
5515:
5508:needs expansion
5493:
5482:
5478:
5465:
5459:
5439:
5434:
5406:
5404:
5379:
5377:
5353:
5351:
5327:
5325:
5301:
5299:
5275:
5273:
5249:
5247:
5223:
5221:
5197:
5195:
5171:
5169:
5145:
5143:
5119:
5117:
5093:
5091:
5067:
5065:
5041:
5039:
5015:
5013:
4989:
4987:
4963:
4961:
4937:
4935:
4911:
4909:
4885:
4883:
4859:
4857:
4833:
4831:
4807:
4805:
4781:
4779:
4755:
4753:
4729:
4727:
4703:
4701:
4677:
4675:
4651:
4649:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4616:
4614:
4597:
4584:. The third is
4578:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4455:levels of just
4454:
4443:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4261:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4215:
4207:
4198:
4181:
4142:
4136:
4133:
4128:
4126:
4117:
4113:
4106:
4095:
4091:
4074:
4061:
4033:
4006:
3998:Extremely poor
3962:
3955:
3951:
3938:
3906:
3902:
3810:
3806:
3780:
3776:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3639:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3619:premature death
3590:
3577:
3571:
3568:
3561:needs expansion
3546:
3446:
3439:
3420:
3390:
3370:
3368:Increased death
3362:
3358:
3354:
3343:
3339:
3304:
3298:
3284:
3273:
3262:was altered by
3235:atherosclerosis
3224:
3219:
3213:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3177:
3170:
3137:cardiopulmonary
3125:
3119:
3103:life-years lost
3072:
3051:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3030:
3026:
3019:
3017:Health problems
2980:
2937:Portland Cement
2903:
2897:
2894:
2887:needs expansion
2872:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2850:
2847:
2838:
2835:
2826:
2823:
2812:
2811:
2730:Portland cement
2706:
2697:
2622:
2611:
2589:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2527:
2507:Nullarbor Plain
2505:and around the
2447:
2441:
2426:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2225:
2215:
2210:
2197:
2181:biomass burning
2149:
2111:
2097:
2077:
2069:Global aerosol
2063:
2040:solar radiation
2024:
2013:
2007:
2004:
1996:help improve it
1993:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1971:Climate effects
1930:
1924:
1900:
1857:
1813:
1807:
1783:
1781:
1776:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1725:
1719:both, monthly.
1716:
1698:
1696:
1689:
1594:nitrogen oxides
1547:sodium chloride
1543:light-absorbing
1523:
1510:
1508:
1507:Blue: sea salt
1506:
1504:
1491:
1489:
1477:New South Wales
1470:
1466:
1462:
1453:
1447:
1300:diesel exhausts
1220:
1218:
1210:
1166:
1144:
1075:
1037:
1035:
1023:
1016:
1015:
915:
907:
906:
880:
872:
871:
807:Pharmaceuticals
787:Nonpoint source
727:
717:
716:
685:Nuclear fallout
658:
648:
647:
618:
608:
607:
598:
588:
587:
578:
570:
569:
555:Packaging waste
520:Hazardous waste
480:
472:
471:
432:
422:
421:
392:Nuclear fallout
387:Nuclear fission
367:
357:
356:
322:
312:
311:
287:
279:
278:
252:
250:Electromagnetic
242:
241:
232:
224:
223:
197:
187:
186:
157:Ozone depletion
102:
92:
54:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
21106:
21096:
21095:
21090:
21085:
21080:
21075:
21070:
21065:
21060:
21043:
21042:
21040:
21039:
21034:
21029:
21024:
21019:
21014:
21009:
21004:
20998:
20996:
20992:
20991:
20989:
20988:
20982:
20976:
20971:
20964:
20962:
20958:
20957:
20955:
20954:
20949:
20944:
20939:
20934:
20929:
20924:
20919:
20914:
20909:
20904:
20899:
20893:
20891:
20885:
20884:
20882:
20881:
20876:
20871:
20866:
20861:
20856:
20851:
20846:
20841:
20836:
20831:
20826:
20820:
20815:
20810:
20805:
20799:
20797:
20789:
20788:
20786:
20785:
20780:
20775:
20770:
20764:
20759:
20754:
20752:Psychrometrics
20749:
20744:
20739:
20734:
20728:
20722:
20717:
20712:
20707:
20702:
20697:
20692:
20687:
20682:
20676:
20671:
20666:
20661:
20656:
20651:
20649:Air flow meter
20645:
20643:
20637:
20636:
20634:
20633:
20628:
20623:
20618:
20613:
20607:
20602:
20597:
20592:
20587:
20582:
20577:
20572:
20567:
20562:
20557:
20552:
20547:
20542:
20537:
20532:
20527:
20522:
20517:
20512:
20507:
20502:
20497:
20492:
20487:
20482:
20477:
20472:
20467:
20462:
20457:
20452:
20447:
20442:
20437:
20432:
20427:
20425:Heating system
20422:
20417:
20412:
20407:
20405:Heat exchanger
20402:
20397:
20392:
20387:
20382:
20377:
20372:
20370:Gas compressor
20367:
20362:
20357:
20352:
20347:
20342:
20337:
20332:
20327:
20322:
20317:
20312:
20307:
20305:Expansion tank
20302:
20297:
20292:
20287:
20282:
20277:
20272:
20267:
20262:
20257:
20252:
20247:
20242:
20237:
20232:
20227:
20225:Ceramic heater
20222:
20217:
20212:
20207:
20202:
20197:
20192:
20187:
20182:
20177:
20172:
20167:
20162:
20157:
20152:
20146:
20144:
20140:
20139:
20137:
20136:
20131:
20126:
20120:
20114:
20108:
20103:
20098:
20093:
20088:
20083:
20078:
20073:
20068:
20066:Solar air heat
20063:
20058:
20056:Renewable heat
20053:
20048:
20043:
20038:
20033:
20028:
20023:
20018:
20013:
20008:
20003:
19998:
19993:
19988:
19983:
19978:
19972:
19967:
19965:Forced-air gas
19962:
19957:
19952:
19946:
19941:
19936:
19931:
19926:
19920:
19915:
19909:
19904:
19899:
19893:
19888:
19883:
19878:
19873:
19868:
19863:
19858:
19853:
19848:
19843:
19838:
19832:
19830:
19826:
19825:
19823:
19822:
19817:
19815:Thermodynamics
19812:
19807:
19802:
19797:
19792:
19787:
19785:Psychrometrics
19782:
19777:
19772:
19767:
19762:
19757:
19752:
19747:
19742:
19740:Gas compressor
19737:
19735:Fluid dynamics
19732:
19727:
19722:
19717:
19712:
19707:
19702:
19696:
19694:
19688:
19687:
19680:
19679:
19672:
19665:
19657:
19648:
19647:
19645:
19644:
19639:
19634:
19629:
19618:
19606:
19603:
19602:
19600:
19599:
19594:
19589:
19587:Sustainability
19584:
19579:
19578:
19577:
19567:
19562:
19557:
19552:
19547:
19542:
19537:
19532:
19527:
19522:
19517:
19512:
19507:
19502:
19496:
19494:
19488:
19487:
19485:
19484:
19482:Water scarcity
19479:
19474:
19469:
19464:
19459:
19454:
19449:
19444:
19439:
19434:
19429:
19424:
19419:
19417:Nitrogen cycle
19414:
19409:
19404:
19399:
19394:
19389:
19384:
19382:Forest dieback
19379:
19374:
19369:
19364:
19359:
19354:
19349:
19344:
19339:
19334:
19329:
19324:
19323:
19322:
19317:
19310:Climate change
19307:
19306:
19305:
19300:
19295:
19284:
19282:
19276:
19275:
19273:
19272:
19267:
19266:
19265:
19255:
19254:
19253:
19248:
19243:
19238:
19228:
19223:
19218:
19213:
19208:
19203:
19198:
19193:
19188:
19183:
19178:
19177:
19176:
19171:
19166:
19161:
19151:
19150:
19149:
19144:
19139:
19134:
19129:
19127:nanotechnology
19124:
19119:
19114:
19109:
19099:
19094:
19089:
19084:
19079:
19074:
19073:
19072:
19067:
19062:
19057:
19052:
19047:
19042:
19032:
19031:
19030:
19025:
19020:
19015:
19005:
19000:
18995:
18990:
18989:
18988:
18983:
18978:
18973:
18968:
18963:
18958:
18947:
18945:
18939:
18938:
18936:
18935:
18930:
18925:
18920:
18915:
18914:
18913:
18911:on marine life
18903:
18902:
18901:
18899:list of issues
18891:
18886:
18881:
18875:
18873:
18869:
18868:
18861:
18860:
18853:
18846:
18838:
18829:
18828:
18769:
18766:
18765:
18763:
18762:
18757:
18752:
18748:
18744:
18739:
18737:Law by country
18734:
18728:
18726:
18720:
18719:
18717:
18716:
18711:
18706:
18701:
18696:
18691:
18686:
18681:
18675:
18673:
18669:
18668:
18666:
18665:
18660:
18655:
18650:
18645:
18640:
18635:
18630:
18624:
18622:
18618:
18617:
18615:
18614:
18609:
18608:
18607:
18602:
18591:
18589:
18585:
18584:
18582:
18581:
18576:
18571:
18566:
18561:
18559:Surface runoff
18556:
18551:
18546:
18541:
18540:
18539:
18534:
18524:
18519:
18514:
18509:
18504:
18499:
18494:
18489:
18484:
18483:
18482:
18472:
18467:
18462:
18457:
18452:
18447:
18445:Eutrophication
18442:
18437:
18432:
18426:
18424:
18418:
18417:
18415:
18414:
18409:
18404:
18402:Scorched earth
18399:
18396:nuclear winter
18392:nuclear famine
18381:
18371:
18365:
18363:
18357:
18356:
18354:
18353:
18348:
18343:
18338:
18333:
18327:
18325:
18319:
18318:
18316:
18315:
18309:
18307:
18301:
18300:
18298:
18297:
18296:
18295:
18290:
18280:
18275:
18270:
18269:
18268:
18258:
18253:
18252:
18251:
18241:
18240:
18239:
18237:Uranium mining
18234:
18229:
18224:
18222:Surface mining
18219:
18214:
18204:
18199:
18198:
18197:
18187:
18186:
18185:
18180:
18175:
18173:Lead poisoning
18170:
18165:
18163:Chemical waste
18160:
18150:
18145:
18140:
18135:
18134:
18133:
18123:
18118:
18113:
18107:
18105:
18101:
18100:
18098:
18097:
18092:
18087:
18082:
18077:
18075:Bioremediation
18072:
18067:
18066:
18065:
18060:
18055:
18044:
18042:
18036:
18035:
18033:
18032:
18027:
18022:
18017:
18012:
18007:
18002:
17997:
17992:
17990:Bioremediation
17987:
17981:
17979:
17973:
17972:
17970:
17969:
17964:
17961:
17958:
17955:
17954:
17953:
17943:
17938:
17937:
17936:
17931:
17926:
17921:
17916:
17911:Transportation
17907:
17905:
17899:
17898:
17896:
17895:
17890:
17885:
17880:
17874:
17872:
17868:
17867:
17865:
17864:
17859:
17858:
17857:
17852:
17841:
17839:
17833:
17832:
17830:
17829:
17823:
17821:
17817:
17816:
17814:
17813:
17812:
17811:
17801:
17796:
17790:
17788:
17782:
17781:
17779:
17778:
17773:
17768:
17767:
17766:
17756:
17755:
17754:
17744:
17739:
17734:
17733:
17732:
17727:
17722:
17717:
17712:
17702:
17697:
17692:
17687:
17685:Global dimming
17682:
17677:
17672:
17671:
17670:
17660:
17659:
17658:
17656:Diesel exhaust
17648:
17643:
17642:
17641:
17631:
17630:
17629:
17624:
17619:
17614:
17604:
17599:
17594:
17589:
17583:
17581:
17575:
17574:
17569:
17566:
17565:
17558:
17557:
17550:
17543:
17535:
17526:
17525:
17523:
17522:
17517:
17512:
17507:
17503:
17501:
17497:
17496:
17494:
17493:
17488:
17483:
17477:
17475:
17471:
17470:
17468:
17467:
17461:
17455:
17448:
17446:
17443:Weather scales
17440:
17439:
17437:
17436:
17431:
17425:
17423:
17417:
17416:
17414:
17413:
17408:
17403:
17398:
17392:
17390:
17384:
17383:
17380:
17379:
17377:
17376:
17371:
17365:
17363:
17357:
17356:
17354:
17353:
17348:
17342:
17340:
17334:
17333:
17331:
17330:
17325:
17319:
17317:
17307:
17306:
17304:
17303:
17298:
17293:
17288:
17282:
17280:
17273:
17265:
17264:
17261:
17260:
17258:
17257:
17251:
17249:
17245:
17244:
17242:
17241:
17236:
17230:
17228:
17221:
17220:
17218:
17217:
17211:
17209:
17202:
17198:
17197:
17195:
17190:
17185:
17180:
17178:
17174:
17173:
17171:
17170:
17165:
17160:
17154:
17151:
17150:
17148:
17147:
17142:
17137:
17131:
17129:
17128:Freezing spray
17125:
17124:
17122:
17121:
17116:
17110:
17108:
17107:Hazardous seas
17104:
17103:
17101:
17100:
17095:
17089:
17087:
17083:
17082:
17080:
17079:
17074:
17068:
17066:
17062:
17061:
17059:
17058:
17053:
17047:
17045:
17039:
17038:
17036:
17035:
17030:
17025:
17019:
17017:
17010:
17000:
16999:
16996:
16995:
16993:
16992:
16987:
16985:Frost advisory
16982:
16977:
16972:
16966:
16964:
16960:
16959:
16957:
16956:
16950:
16948:
16944:
16943:
16941:
16940:
16935:
16930:
16925:
16919:
16917:
16911:
16910:
16908:
16907:
16902:
16897:
16891:
16889:
16880:
16872:
16871:
16868:
16867:
16865:
16864:
16858:
16856:
16852:
16851:
16849:
16848:
16843:
16838:
16832:
16830:
16826:
16825:
16823:
16822:
16817:
16812:
16807:
16801:
16799:
16795:
16794:
16792:
16791:
16786:
16781:
16776:
16770:
16768:
16762:
16761:
16759:
16758:
16753:
16748:
16743:
16737:
16735:
16729:
16728:
16726:
16721:
16716:
16711:
16709:
16700:
16694:
16693:
16691:
16690:
16685:
16680:
16674:
16671:
16670:
16668:
16667:
16662:
16656:
16654:
16648:
16647:
16645:
16644:
16639:
16633:
16631:
16625:
16624:
16622:
16621:
16616:
16610:
16608:
16602:
16601:
16599:
16598:
16593:
16587:
16585:
16579:
16578:
16576:
16575:
16570:
16564:
16562:
16553:
16545:
16544:
16541:
16540:
16538:
16537:
16532:
16527:
16521:
16519:
16513:
16512:
16510:
16509:
16504:
16498:
16496:
16490:
16489:
16487:
16486:
16480:
16478:
16472:
16471:
16469:
16468:
16463:
16458:
16452:
16450:
16444:
16443:
16441:
16440:
16434:
16432:
16428:
16427:
16425:
16424:
16419:
16417:Blizzard watch
16414:
16408:
16406:
16400:
16399:
16397:
16396:
16391:
16385:
16383:
16377:
16376:
16374:
16373:
16367:
16365:
16358:
16352:
16351:
16348:
16347:
16345:
16344:
16338:
16336:
16332:
16331:
16329:
16328:
16323:
16318:
16313:
16308:
16302:
16300:
16294:
16293:
16291:
16290:
16285:
16280:
16275:
16269:
16267:
16258:
16252:
16251:
16240:
16239:
16232:
16225:
16217:
16211:
16210:
16205:
16195:
16185:
16180:
16171:
16162:
16157:
16152:
16148:
16144:
16136:
16132:
16124:
16120:
16115:
16108:
16105:
16104:
16103:
16089:
16084:
16079:
16070:
16065:
16058:
16055:
16053:
16052:External links
16050:
16049:
16048:
16044:JEFF CHARLTON
16042:
16024:
16019:
15990:
15955:
15922:
15914:
15906:
15898:
15887:
15877:
15863:
15818:
15807:
15802:
15796:
15782:
15779:
15778:
15777:
15734:
15723:
15718:
15673:
15669:
15652:
15649:
15648:
15647:
15635:
15621:
15618:
15616:
15613:
15611:
15610:
15607:. 7 June 2023.
15596:
15576:
15562:
15542:
15528:
15510:
15496:
15482:
15468:
15454:
15434:
15423:on 1 July 2011
15407:
15388:
15378:
15328:
15317:
15262:
15233:
15213:
15194:
15175:
15157:
15125:
15102:Call in letter
15091:
15062:
15044:
15033:
15013:
14999:
14985:
14959:
14949:
14928:
14906:
14881:
14863:
14841:
14827:
14822:airkorea.or.kr
14809:
14792:
14772:
14762:
14740:
14729:. Ec.europa.eu
14715:
14683:
14660:
14611:
14585:
14566:
14554:
14542:
14524:
14493:
14474:
14425:
14383:
14372:
14323:
14294:(7): e001653.
14281:
14270:
14221:
14195:
14171:
14141:
14112:(4): 480–485.
14089:
14046:
14019:(4): 389–402.
14000:
13972:
13928:
13877:
13830:
13816:
13756:
13689:
13663:
13644:
13630:
13612:
13552:
13505:
13496:
13467:(9): 1132–41.
13444:
13415:(6761): 1111.
13395:
13346:
13309:(3): 311–320.
13289:
13232:
13181:
13150:
13123:(4): 369–381.
13107:
13078:(1): 194–201.
13058:
13039:
12989:
12978:
12951:(4): 449–461.
12935:
12886:
12860:
12811:
12804:
12785:
12771:
12728:
12682:
12664:
12613:
12594:(9): 813–822.
12571:
12552:
12523:(2): 409–416.
12502:
12445:
12397:
12368:(12): 126002.
12343:
12288:
12261:(2): 701–714.
12242:
12205:(4): 430–439.
12182:
12119:
12067:
12020:
11994:
11980:
11960:
11909:
11870:(5): 797–803.
11857:
11846:
11789:
11739:
11728:
11714:
11700:
11651:
11625:
11568:
11517:
11474:
11460:
11446:
11432:
11429:. 6 July 2022.
11418:
11404:
11386:
11368:
11344:
11330:
11283:
11280:. 3 June 2021.
11269:
11255:
11252:. 3 June 2021.
11241:
11227:
11213:
11204:
11164:
11153:
11096:
11067:(5): 589–596.
11047:
11025:
11016:
10981:
10968:
10944:
10926:
10880:
10823:
10782:
10763:(2): 159–162.
10743:
10700:
10678:
10666:
10643:
10602:
10559:
10526:
10473:
10426:
10375:
10326:
10274:
10233:
10206:
10181:
10154:(3): 207–212.
10130:
10087:
10057:
10027:
10006:
9976:
9957:(4): 255–278.
9938:
9923:
9893:
9870:
9829:
9764:
9699:
9677:
9653:
9636:
9610:
9555:
9511:
9491:
9425:
9374:
9327:
9283:
9242:
9191:
9160:
9121:
9070:
9040:
9010:
8966:
8939:(4): 513–543.
8920:
8875:
8856:(12): 2002–9.
8836:
8817:
8791:
8762:
8748:
8734:
8720:
8706:
8692:
8678:
8664:
8661:. 24 May 2016.
8650:
8647:. 25 May 2016.
8636:
8619:
8605:
8591:
8577:
8563:
8549:
8535:
8521:
8506:
8457:
8445:
8435:
8410:
8376:
8362:
8335:
8304:
8278:
8248:
8199:
8169:
8130:(8): 2836–41.
8110:
8080:
8062:
8048:
8034:
8020:
8006:
7992:
7978:
7952:
7909:
7895:
7877:
7834:
7791:
7772:Sustainability
7758:
7744:
7727:
7701:
7680:
7631:
7592:
7565:(2): 179–198.
7545:
7496:
7481:
7467:. OECD. 2020.
7456:
7413:
7369:
7358:
7301:
7287:
7219:
7205:
7154:
7105:
7087:
7082:www.epd.gov.hk
7069:
7052:
6992:
6976:
6960:
6946:
6920:
6902:
6888:
6874:
6860:
6852:
6848:
6838:
6799:
6763:
6732:(4): 324–329.
6719:
6708:
6661:
6617:
6578:
6537:Environ Pollut
6527:
6487:
6473:
6459:
6424:
6405:
6395:
6378:
6319:
6300:
6289:on 29 May 2016
6270:
6241:
6182:
6148:
6141:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6102:
6093:
6084:
6075:
6066:
6057:
6052:
6044:
6039:
6031:
6026:
6018:
6013:
6005:
5996:
5991:
5983:
5978:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5963:
5962:
5959:
5956:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5933:Pneumoconiosis
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5904:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5877:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5820:Heavy industry
5817:
5812:
5803:
5794:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5763:Chip formation
5760:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5730:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5703:
5699:
5698:
5693:
5691:
5684:
5682:
5677:
5675:
5668:
5664:
5661:
5641:
5637:
5617:
5614:
5609:
5597:
5594:
5581:
5561:
5558:
5552:
5544:
5541:
5535:
5526:
5525:
5505:
5503:
5492:
5489:
5485:Shamian Island
5480:
5476:
5458:
5455:
5446:Latrobe Valley
5437:
5433:
5430:
5423:
5422:
5419:
5416:
5402:
5395:
5394:
5391:
5388:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5365:
5362:
5349:
5343:
5342:
5339:
5336:
5323:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5310:
5297:
5291:
5290:
5287:
5284:
5271:
5265:
5264:
5261:
5258:
5245:
5239:
5238:
5235:
5232:
5219:
5213:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5193:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5167:
5161:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5141:
5135:
5134:
5131:
5128:
5115:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5102:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5079:
5076:
5063:
5057:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5037:
5031:
5030:
5027:
5024:
5011:
5005:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4985:
4979:
4978:
4975:
4972:
4959:
4953:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4933:
4927:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4907:
4901:
4900:
4897:
4894:
4881:
4875:
4874:
4871:
4868:
4855:
4849:
4848:
4845:
4842:
4829:
4823:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4803:
4797:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4777:
4771:
4770:
4767:
4764:
4751:
4745:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4715:
4712:
4699:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4686:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4663:
4660:
4647:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4633:
4632:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4595:
4542:
4495:
4452:
4441:
4401:
4394:Salt Lake City
4370:
4349:and +3.7
4330:
4299:
4272:
4248:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4205:
4197:
4196:Affected areas
4194:
4180:
4177:
4144:
4143:
4137:September 2016
4120:
4118:
4111:
4105:
4102:
4093:
4089:
4073:
4070:
4060:
4059:United Kingdom
4057:
4054:
4053:
4052:150–1200 μg/m
4050:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3966:European Union
3961:
3960:European Union
3958:
3953:
3949:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3909:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3879:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3863:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3835:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3757:European Union
3753:
3752:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3695:
3694:
3691:
3671:
3668:
3648:
3645:
3638:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3589:
3586:
3579:
3578:
3558:
3556:
3545:
3542:
3445:
3442:
3437:
3419:
3416:
3389:
3386:
3369:
3366:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3341:
3337:
3332:and premature
3288:Lead poisoning
3283:
3280:
3271:
3243:cardiovascular
3222:
3212:
3209:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3180:
3176:
3173:
3168:
3118:
3115:
3070:
3053:
3052:
3033:
3031:
3024:
3018:
3015:
2978:
2968:lead poisoning
2926:recycling yard
2905:
2904:
2884:
2882:
2871:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2763:Water droplets
2760:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2705:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2689:particle count
2661:diesel engines
2626:cardiovascular
2620:
2609:
2587:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2526:
2525:Health effects
2523:
2476:Indian monsoon
2468:Mount Pinatubo
2440:
2437:
2425:
2422:
2390:global dimming
2252:sulfur dioxide
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2219:Global dimming
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2196:
2193:
2148:
2145:
2096:
2093:
2062:
2059:
2026:
2025:
1987:
1985:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1942:photodetectors
1938:deposit gauges
1926:Main article:
1923:
1920:
1899:
1896:
1847:Fabric filters
1805:Dust collector
1803:Main article:
1794:Fabric filters
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1749:Main article:
1746:
1743:
1724:
1721:
1695:
1692:
1687:
1654:Organic matter
1488:
1485:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:United Kingdom
1449:Main article:
1446:
1443:
1403:
1402:
1396:
1385:
1370:
1367:cooling towers
1363:
1357:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1326:
1320:
1310:
1307:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1217:
1214:
1208:
1164:
1142:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1066:
1059:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1033:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1001:
1000:
996:
995:
994:
993:
988:
983:
978:
976:Law by country
973:
965:
964:
958:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
916:
913:
912:
909:
908:
905:
904:
903:
902:
897:
887:
881:
878:
877:
874:
873:
870:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
847:Surface runoff
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
747:Eutrophication
744:
739:
734:
728:
723:
722:
719:
718:
715:
714:
709:
704:
702:Scorched earth
699:
698:
697:
695:Nuclear winter
692:
690:Nuclear famine
687:
677:
676:
675:
665:
659:
654:
653:
650:
649:
646:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
619:
614:
613:
610:
609:
606:
605:
599:
594:
593:
590:
589:
586:
585:
579:
576:
575:
572:
571:
568:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
481:
478:
477:
474:
473:
470:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
447:Bioremediation
444:
439:
433:
428:
427:
424:
423:
420:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
377:Bioremediation
374:
368:
363:
362:
359:
358:
355:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
327:Transportation
323:
318:
317:
314:
313:
310:
309:
304:
299:
294:
288:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
276:
274:Radio spectrum
271:
270:
269:
264:
253:
248:
247:
244:
243:
240:
239:
233:
230:
229:
226:
225:
222:
221:
220:
219:
209:
204:
198:
193:
192:
189:
188:
185:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
142:Global dimming
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
103:
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
82:
81:
75:
74:
52:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
21105:
21094:
21091:
21089:
21086:
21084:
21081:
21079:
21078:Air pollution
21076:
21074:
21071:
21069:
21066:
21064:
21061:
21059:
21056:
21055:
21053:
21038:
21035:
21033:
21030:
21028:
21025:
21023:
21020:
21018:
21015:
21013:
21010:
21008:
21005:
21003:
21000:
20999:
20997:
20993:
20986:
20983:
20980:
20977:
20975:
20972:
20969:
20966:
20965:
20963:
20959:
20953:
20950:
20948:
20945:
20943:
20940:
20938:
20935:
20933:
20930:
20928:
20925:
20923:
20920:
20918:
20915:
20913:
20910:
20908:
20905:
20903:
20900:
20898:
20895:
20894:
20892:
20890:organizations
20886:
20880:
20877:
20875:
20872:
20870:
20867:
20865:
20862:
20860:
20857:
20855:
20852:
20850:
20847:
20845:
20842:
20840:
20837:
20835:
20834:Duct cleaning
20832:
20830:
20827:
20824:
20821:
20819:
20816:
20814:
20811:
20809:
20806:
20804:
20801:
20800:
20798:
20790:
20784:
20781:
20779:
20776:
20774:
20771:
20768:
20765:
20763:
20760:
20758:
20755:
20753:
20750:
20748:
20745:
20743:
20740:
20738:
20735:
20732:
20729:
20726:
20723:
20721:
20718:
20716:
20713:
20711:
20708:
20706:
20703:
20701:
20698:
20696:
20693:
20691:
20688:
20686:
20685:Control valve
20683:
20680:
20677:
20675:
20672:
20670:
20667:
20665:
20662:
20660:
20657:
20655:
20652:
20650:
20647:
20646:
20644:
20638:
20632:
20629:
20627:
20624:
20622:
20619:
20617:
20614:
20611:
20608:
20606:
20605:Turning vanes
20603:
20601:
20598:
20596:
20593:
20591:
20588:
20586:
20583:
20581:
20580:Thermal wheel
20578:
20576:
20573:
20571:
20568:
20566:
20563:
20561:
20558:
20556:
20553:
20551:
20548:
20546:
20545:Solar chimney
20543:
20541:
20538:
20536:
20533:
20531:
20528:
20526:
20523:
20521:
20518:
20516:
20513:
20511:
20508:
20506:
20503:
20501:
20498:
20496:
20493:
20491:
20488:
20486:
20483:
20481:
20478:
20476:
20473:
20471:
20468:
20466:
20463:
20461:
20458:
20456:
20453:
20451:
20448:
20446:
20443:
20441:
20438:
20436:
20433:
20431:
20428:
20426:
20423:
20421:
20418:
20416:
20413:
20411:
20408:
20406:
20403:
20401:
20398:
20396:
20393:
20391:
20388:
20386:
20383:
20381:
20378:
20376:
20373:
20371:
20368:
20366:
20363:
20361:
20358:
20356:
20353:
20351:
20348:
20346:
20343:
20341:
20338:
20336:
20333:
20331:
20328:
20326:
20323:
20321:
20318:
20316:
20315:Fan coil unit
20313:
20311:
20308:
20306:
20303:
20301:
20298:
20296:
20293:
20291:
20288:
20286:
20283:
20281:
20278:
20276:
20273:
20271:
20268:
20266:
20263:
20261:
20260:Cooling tower
20258:
20256:
20253:
20251:
20248:
20246:
20243:
20241:
20238:
20236:
20233:
20231:
20228:
20226:
20223:
20221:
20218:
20216:
20213:
20211:
20208:
20206:
20203:
20201:
20198:
20196:
20193:
20191:
20188:
20186:
20183:
20181:
20178:
20176:
20173:
20171:
20168:
20166:
20163:
20161:
20158:
20156:
20153:
20151:
20148:
20147:
20145:
20141:
20135:
20132:
20130:
20127:
20124:
20121:
20118:
20115:
20112:
20109:
20107:
20106:Vapor barrier
20104:
20102:
20099:
20097:
20094:
20092:
20089:
20087:
20084:
20082:
20081:Solar heating
20079:
20077:
20076:Solar cooling
20074:
20072:
20069:
20067:
20064:
20062:
20059:
20057:
20054:
20052:
20051:Refrigeration
20049:
20047:
20044:
20042:
20039:
20037:
20034:
20032:
20029:
20027:
20024:
20022:
20021:Passive house
20019:
20017:
20014:
20012:
20009:
20007:
20004:
20002:
19999:
19997:
19994:
19992:
19989:
19987:
19984:
19982:
19979:
19976:
19973:
19971:
19968:
19966:
19963:
19961:
19958:
19956:
19953:
19950:
19947:
19945:
19942:
19940:
19937:
19935:
19932:
19930:
19927:
19924:
19921:
19919:
19916:
19913:
19910:
19908:
19905:
19903:
19900:
19897:
19894:
19892:
19891:Chilled water
19889:
19887:
19884:
19882:
19879:
19877:
19874:
19872:
19869:
19867:
19864:
19862:
19859:
19857:
19854:
19852:
19849:
19847:
19844:
19842:
19839:
19837:
19834:
19833:
19831:
19827:
19821:
19818:
19816:
19813:
19811:
19808:
19806:
19803:
19801:
19798:
19796:
19793:
19791:
19790:Sensible heat
19788:
19786:
19783:
19781:
19778:
19776:
19773:
19771:
19770:Noise control
19768:
19766:
19763:
19761:
19758:
19756:
19753:
19751:
19750:Heat transfer
19748:
19746:
19743:
19741:
19738:
19736:
19733:
19731:
19728:
19726:
19723:
19721:
19718:
19716:
19713:
19711:
19708:
19706:
19703:
19701:
19698:
19697:
19695:
19689:
19685:
19678:
19673:
19671:
19666:
19664:
19659:
19658:
19655:
19643:
19640:
19638:
19635:
19633:
19630:
19628:
19619:
19617:
19608:
19607:
19604:
19598:
19595:
19593:
19590:
19588:
19585:
19583:
19580:
19576:
19573:
19572:
19571:
19570:Reforestation
19568:
19566:
19563:
19561:
19558:
19556:
19553:
19551:
19548:
19546:
19543:
19541:
19538:
19536:
19533:
19531:
19528:
19526:
19525:Cultured meat
19523:
19521:
19518:
19516:
19513:
19511:
19508:
19506:
19505:Birth control
19503:
19501:
19498:
19497:
19495:
19493:
19489:
19483:
19480:
19478:
19475:
19473:
19470:
19468:
19465:
19463:
19460:
19458:
19455:
19453:
19450:
19448:
19445:
19443:
19440:
19438:
19435:
19433:
19430:
19428:
19425:
19423:
19420:
19418:
19415:
19413:
19410:
19408:
19405:
19403:
19400:
19398:
19395:
19393:
19390:
19388:
19385:
19383:
19380:
19378:
19375:
19373:
19370:
19368:
19365:
19363:
19360:
19358:
19355:
19353:
19350:
19348:
19345:
19343:
19340:
19338:
19335:
19333:
19330:
19328:
19327:Deforestation
19325:
19321:
19318:
19316:
19313:
19312:
19311:
19308:
19304:
19301:
19299:
19296:
19294:
19291:
19290:
19289:
19286:
19285:
19283:
19281:
19277:
19271:
19268:
19264:
19261:
19260:
19259:
19256:
19252:
19249:
19247:
19244:
19242:
19239:
19237:
19234:
19233:
19232:
19229:
19227:
19224:
19222:
19219:
19217:
19214:
19212:
19209:
19207:
19204:
19202:
19199:
19197:
19194:
19192:
19189:
19187:
19184:
19182:
19179:
19175:
19172:
19170:
19167:
19165:
19162:
19160:
19157:
19156:
19155:
19152:
19148:
19145:
19143:
19140:
19138:
19135:
19133:
19130:
19128:
19125:
19123:
19120:
19118:
19115:
19113:
19110:
19108:
19105:
19104:
19103:
19102:Manufacturing
19100:
19098:
19095:
19093:
19090:
19088:
19085:
19083:
19080:
19078:
19075:
19071:
19068:
19066:
19063:
19061:
19058:
19056:
19053:
19051:
19050:nuclear power
19048:
19046:
19045:fracking (US)
19043:
19041:
19038:
19037:
19036:
19033:
19029:
19026:
19024:
19021:
19019:
19016:
19014:
19011:
19010:
19009:
19006:
19004:
19001:
18999:
18996:
18994:
18991:
18987:
18984:
18982:
18979:
18977:
18974:
18972:
18969:
18967:
18964:
18962:
18959:
18957:
18954:
18953:
18952:
18949:
18948:
18946:
18944:
18940:
18934:
18931:
18929:
18926:
18924:
18921:
18919:
18916:
18912:
18909:
18908:
18907:
18904:
18900:
18897:
18896:
18895:
18892:
18890:
18887:
18885:
18882:
18880:
18877:
18876:
18874:
18870:
18866:
18859:
18854:
18852:
18847:
18845:
18840:
18839:
18836:
18826:
18816:
18811:
18806:
18798:
18790:
18781:
18777:
18767:
18761:
18758:
18756:
18753:
18751:
18745:
18743:
18740:
18738:
18735:
18733:
18730:
18729:
18727:
18725:
18721:
18715:
18712:
18710:
18707:
18705:
18702:
18700:
18697:
18695:
18692:
18690:
18687:
18685:
18682:
18680:
18677:
18676:
18674:
18670:
18664:
18661:
18659:
18656:
18654:
18651:
18649:
18646:
18644:
18641:
18639:
18636:
18634:
18631:
18629:
18626:
18625:
18623:
18619:
18613:
18610:
18606:
18603:
18601:
18598:
18597:
18596:
18593:
18592:
18590:
18586:
18580:
18579:Water quality
18577:
18575:
18572:
18570:
18567:
18565:
18562:
18560:
18557:
18555:
18552:
18550:
18547:
18545:
18542:
18538:
18535:
18533:
18530:
18529:
18528:
18525:
18523:
18520:
18518:
18515:
18513:
18510:
18508:
18505:
18503:
18500:
18498:
18495:
18493:
18490:
18488:
18485:
18481:
18478:
18477:
18476:
18473:
18471:
18468:
18466:
18463:
18461:
18458:
18456:
18453:
18451:
18448:
18446:
18443:
18441:
18438:
18436:
18433:
18431:
18428:
18427:
18425:
18423:
18419:
18413:
18410:
18408:
18405:
18403:
18400:
18397:
18393:
18389:
18385:
18382:
18379:
18375:
18372:
18370:
18367:
18366:
18364:
18362:
18358:
18352:
18349:
18347:
18344:
18342:
18341:Traffic signs
18339:
18337:
18334:
18332:
18329:
18328:
18326:
18324:
18320:
18314:
18311:
18310:
18308:
18306:
18302:
18294:
18291:
18289:
18286:
18285:
18284:
18281:
18279:
18276:
18274:
18271:
18267:
18266:Microplastics
18264:
18263:
18262:
18259:
18257:
18256:Nanomaterials
18254:
18250:
18247:
18246:
18245:
18242:
18238:
18235:
18233:
18230:
18228:
18225:
18223:
18220:
18218:
18215:
18213:
18210:
18209:
18208:
18205:
18203:
18200:
18196:
18195:Lead smelting
18193:
18192:
18191:
18188:
18184:
18181:
18179:
18176:
18174:
18171:
18169:
18166:
18164:
18161:
18159:
18156:
18155:
18154:
18151:
18149:
18146:
18144:
18141:
18139:
18136:
18132:
18129:
18128:
18127:
18124:
18122:
18119:
18117:
18114:
18112:
18109:
18108:
18106:
18102:
18096:
18093:
18091:
18088:
18086:
18083:
18081:
18078:
18076:
18073:
18071:
18068:
18064:
18061:
18059:
18056:
18054:
18051:
18050:
18049:
18046:
18045:
18043:
18041:
18037:
18031:
18028:
18026:
18023:
18021:
18018:
18016:
18015:Radioactivity
18013:
18011:
18008:
18006:
18003:
18001:
17998:
17996:
17993:
17991:
17988:
17986:
17983:
17982:
17980:
17978:
17974:
17968:
17967:Noise control
17965:
17962:
17959:
17956:
17952:
17949:
17948:
17947:
17944:
17942:
17939:
17935:
17932:
17930:
17927:
17925:
17922:
17920:
17917:
17914:
17913:
17912:
17909:
17908:
17906:
17904:
17900:
17894:
17891:
17889:
17886:
17884:
17881:
17879:
17876:
17875:
17873:
17869:
17863:
17860:
17856:
17853:
17851:
17848:
17847:
17846:
17843:
17842:
17840:
17838:
17834:
17828:
17825:
17824:
17822:
17818:
17810:
17807:
17806:
17805:
17802:
17800:
17797:
17795:
17792:
17791:
17789:
17787:
17783:
17777:
17774:
17772:
17769:
17765:
17762:
17761:
17760:
17757:
17753:
17750:
17749:
17748:
17745:
17743:
17740:
17738:
17735:
17731:
17728:
17726:
17723:
17721:
17718:
17716:
17715:Metal working
17713:
17711:
17708:
17707:
17706:
17703:
17701:
17698:
17696:
17693:
17691:
17688:
17686:
17683:
17681:
17678:
17676:
17673:
17669:
17666:
17665:
17664:
17661:
17657:
17654:
17653:
17652:
17649:
17647:
17644:
17640:
17637:
17636:
17635:
17632:
17628:
17625:
17623:
17620:
17618:
17615:
17613:
17610:
17609:
17608:
17605:
17603:
17600:
17598:
17595:
17593:
17590:
17588:
17585:
17584:
17582:
17580:
17576:
17572:
17567:
17563:
17556:
17551:
17549:
17544:
17542:
17537:
17536:
17533:
17521:
17518:
17516:
17513:
17511:
17508:
17505:
17504:
17502:
17498:
17492:
17489:
17487:
17484:
17482:
17479:
17478:
17476:
17472:
17465:
17462:
17459:
17456:
17453:
17450:
17449:
17447:
17441:
17435:
17432:
17430:
17427:
17426:
17424:
17422:
17418:
17412:
17409:
17407:
17404:
17402:
17399:
17397:
17394:
17393:
17391:
17389:
17385:
17375:
17372:
17370:
17367:
17366:
17364:
17362:
17361:Air pollution
17358:
17352:
17349:
17347:
17344:
17343:
17341:
17339:
17335:
17329:
17326:
17324:
17321:
17320:
17318:
17316:
17312:
17308:
17302:
17299:
17297:
17296:Dust advisory
17294:
17292:
17289:
17287:
17284:
17283:
17281:
17277:
17274:
17272:
17266:
17256:
17253:
17252:
17250:
17246:
17240:
17237:
17235:
17232:
17231:
17229:
17226:
17222:
17216:
17215:Wind advisory
17213:
17212:
17210:
17206:
17203:
17199:
17194:
17191:
17189:
17186:
17184:
17181:
17179:
17175:
17169:
17166:
17164:
17161:
17159:
17156:
17155:
17146:
17143:
17141:
17138:
17136:
17133:
17132:
17130:
17126:
17120:
17117:
17115:
17112:
17111:
17109:
17105:
17099:
17096:
17094:
17091:
17090:
17088:
17084:
17078:
17075:
17073:
17070:
17069:
17067:
17063:
17057:
17054:
17052:
17049:
17048:
17046:
17044:
17040:
17034:
17031:
17029:
17026:
17024:
17021:
17020:
17018:
17014:
17011:
17001:
16991:
16988:
16986:
16983:
16981:
16978:
16976:
16973:
16971:
16968:
16967:
16965:
16961:
16955:
16952:
16951:
16949:
16945:
16939:
16936:
16934:
16931:
16929:
16926:
16924:
16921:
16920:
16918:
16916:
16912:
16906:
16903:
16901:
16898:
16896:
16895:Heat advisory
16893:
16892:
16890:
16888:
16884:
16881:
16879:
16873:
16863:
16860:
16859:
16857:
16853:
16847:
16844:
16842:
16839:
16837:
16834:
16833:
16831:
16827:
16821:
16818:
16816:
16813:
16811:
16808:
16806:
16803:
16802:
16800:
16796:
16790:
16787:
16785:
16782:
16780:
16777:
16775:
16772:
16771:
16769:
16767:
16766:Coastal flood
16763:
16757:
16754:
16752:
16749:
16747:
16744:
16742:
16739:
16738:
16736:
16734:
16730:
16725:
16722:
16720:
16717:
16715:
16712:
16710:
16708:
16704:
16701:
16699:
16695:
16689:
16686:
16684:
16681:
16679:
16676:
16675:
16666:
16663:
16661:
16658:
16657:
16655:
16653:
16649:
16643:
16640:
16638:
16635:
16634:
16632:
16630:
16626:
16620:
16617:
16615:
16612:
16611:
16609:
16607:
16603:
16597:
16594:
16592:
16589:
16588:
16586:
16584:
16580:
16574:
16571:
16569:
16566:
16565:
16563:
16561:
16557:
16554:
16552:
16546:
16536:
16533:
16531:
16528:
16526:
16523:
16522:
16520:
16518:
16514:
16508:
16505:
16503:
16500:
16499:
16497:
16495:
16491:
16485:
16482:
16481:
16479:
16477:
16473:
16467:
16464:
16462:
16459:
16457:
16454:
16453:
16451:
16449:
16445:
16439:
16436:
16435:
16433:
16429:
16423:
16420:
16418:
16415:
16413:
16410:
16409:
16407:
16405:
16401:
16395:
16392:
16390:
16387:
16386:
16384:
16382:
16378:
16372:
16369:
16368:
16366:
16362:
16359:
16353:
16343:
16340:
16339:
16337:
16333:
16327:
16324:
16322:
16319:
16317:
16314:
16312:
16309:
16307:
16304:
16303:
16301:
16299:
16295:
16289:
16286:
16284:
16281:
16279:
16276:
16274:
16271:
16270:
16268:
16266:
16262:
16259:
16253:
16249:
16248:United States
16245:
16238:
16233:
16231:
16226:
16224:
16219:
16218:
16215:
16209:
16206:
16203:
16199:
16196:
16193:
16189:
16186:
16184:
16181:
16179:
16175:
16172:
16170:
16166:
16163:
16161:
16158:
16156:
16140:
16128:
16121:
16119:
16116:
16114:
16111:
16110:
16101:
16097:
16093:
16090:
16088:
16085:
16083:
16080:
16078:
16074:
16071:
16069:
16066:
16064:
16061:
16060:
16047:
16043:
16032:
16028:
16020:
16016:
16012:
16008:
16004:
16000:
15996:
15991:
15986:
15981:
15977:
15973:
15969:
15965:
15961:
15956:
15952:
15948:
15944:
15940:
15936:
15932:
15928:
15923:
15919:
15915:
15911:
15907:
15903:
15899:
15896:
15895:0 52 184287 5
15892:
15888:
15885:
15882:
15878:
15876:
15875:0-471-19410-7
15872:
15868:
15864:
15860:
15856:
15852:
15848:
15844:
15840:
15836:
15832:
15828:
15824:
15819:
15816:
15815:3-7001-2915-7
15812:
15808:
15806:
15803:
15801:
15797:
15793:
15789:
15785:
15784:
15774:
15770:
15765:
15760:
15756:
15752:
15748:
15744:
15740:
15735:
15732:
15728:
15724:
15722:
15719:
15715:
15711:
15707:
15703:
15699:
15695:
15691:
15687:
15683:
15679:
15670:
15666:
15665:
15660:
15655:
15654:
15644:
15640:
15636:
15632:
15628:
15624:
15623:
15606:
15600:
15592:
15591:
15586:
15580:
15572:
15566:
15558:
15557:
15552:
15546:
15538:
15532:
15524:
15520:
15514:
15506:
15500:
15492:
15486:
15478:
15472:
15464:
15458:
15450:
15449:
15444:
15438:
15422:
15418:
15411:
15396:
15392:
15382:
15374:
15370:
15366:
15362:
15357:
15352:
15348:
15344:
15340:
15336:
15332:
15321:
15313:
15309:
15305:
15301:
15297:
15293:
15289:
15285:
15281:
15277:
15273:
15266:
15259:
15248:
15244:
15237:
15229:
15228:
15223:
15217:
15209:
15203:
15201:
15199:
15192:
15188:
15184:
15179:
15171:
15167:
15161:
15142:
15135:
15129:
15111:
15104:
15103:
15095:
15079:
15075:
15069:
15067:
15058:
15054:
15048:
15042:
15037:
15029:
15028:
15023:
15017:
15009:
15003:
14995:
14989:
14970:
14963:
14953:
14945:
14938:
14932:
14916:
14910:
14894:
14888:
14886:
14877:
14873:
14867:
14851:
14845:
14837:
14831:
14823:
14819:
14813:
14802:
14796:
14780:
14776:
14766:
14750:
14744:
14728:
14722:
14720:
14700:
14693:
14687:
14671:
14664:
14656:
14652:
14647:
14642:
14638:
14634:
14631:(9): 906–11.
14630:
14626:
14622:
14615:
14600:
14596:
14589:
14581:
14577:
14570:
14564:
14558:
14552:
14549:The Guardian
14546:
14540:
14536:
14531:
14529:
14519:
14515:
14511:
14507:
14503:
14497:
14489:
14485:
14478:
14470:
14466:
14461:
14456:
14452:
14448:
14444:
14440:
14436:
14429:
14421:
14417:
14413:
14409:
14404:
14399:
14395:
14391:
14387:
14376:
14368:
14364:
14359:
14354:
14350:
14346:
14342:
14338:
14334:
14327:
14319:
14315:
14310:
14305:
14301:
14297:
14293:
14289:
14285:
14274:
14266:
14262:
14257:
14252:
14248:
14244:
14240:
14236:
14232:
14225:
14210:
14206:
14199:
14191:
14187:
14180:
14178:
14176:
14167:
14163:
14159:
14155:
14151:
14145:
14137:
14133:
14128:
14123:
14119:
14115:
14111:
14107:
14103:
14096:
14094:
14085:
14081:
14077:
14073:
14069:
14065:
14061:
14057:
14050:
14042:
14038:
14034:
14030:
14026:
14022:
14018:
14014:
14007:
14005:
13993:
13989:
13982:
13976:
13967:
13963:
13959:
13955:
13951:
13947:
13943:
13939:
13932:
13924:
13920:
13916:
13912:
13908:
13904:
13900:
13896:
13892:
13888:
13881:
13873:
13869:
13865:
13861:
13857:
13853:
13849:
13845:
13841:
13834:
13826:
13820:
13812:
13808:
13803:
13798:
13793:
13788:
13784:
13780:
13776:
13772:
13768:
13760:
13744:
13740:
13736:
13732:
13728:
13724:
13720:
13716:
13712:
13708:
13704:
13700:
13693:
13678:
13674:
13667:
13659:
13655:
13648:
13640:
13634:
13626:
13622:
13616:
13608:
13604:
13599:
13594:
13590:
13586:
13582:
13578:
13574:
13570:
13563:
13556:
13548:
13544:
13539:
13534:
13530:
13526:
13522:
13518:
13514:
13509:
13500:
13492:
13488:
13483:
13478:
13474:
13470:
13466:
13462:
13458:
13454:
13448:
13440:
13436:
13431:
13426:
13422:
13418:
13414:
13410:
13406:
13399:
13391:
13387:
13382:
13377:
13373:
13369:
13366:(11): 822–8.
13365:
13361:
13357:
13350:
13342:
13338:
13333:
13328:
13324:
13320:
13316:
13312:
13308:
13304:
13300:
13293:
13285:
13281:
13276:
13271:
13267:
13263:
13259:
13255:
13251:
13247:
13243:
13236:
13228:
13224:
13219:
13214:
13209:
13204:
13200:
13196:
13192:
13185:
13170:
13166:
13159:
13157:
13155:
13146:
13142:
13138:
13134:
13130:
13126:
13122:
13118:
13111:
13103:
13099:
13094:
13089:
13085:
13081:
13077:
13073:
13069:
13062:
13054:
13050:
13043:
13035:
13031:
13026:
13021:
13017:
13013:
13009:
13005:
13001:
12997:
12993:
12982:
12974:
12970:
12966:
12962:
12958:
12954:
12950:
12946:
12945:Risk Analysis
12939:
12931:
12927:
12922:
12917:
12913:
12909:
12905:
12901:
12897:
12890:
12874:
12870:
12864:
12856:
12852:
12847:
12842:
12838:
12834:
12830:
12826:
12822:
12815:
12807:
12801:
12797:
12793:
12789:
12778:
12776:
12767:
12763:
12759:
12755:
12751:
12747:
12743:
12739:
12732:
12724:
12720:
12716:
12712:
12708:
12704:
12700:
12696:
12692:
12686:
12678:
12674:
12668:
12660:
12656:
12652:
12648:
12644:
12640:
12636:
12632:
12628:
12624:
12617:
12609:
12605:
12601:
12597:
12593:
12589:
12585:
12578:
12576:
12567:
12563:
12556:
12548:
12544:
12539:
12534:
12530:
12526:
12522:
12518:
12514:
12506:
12498:
12494:
12490:
12486:
12482:
12478:
12474:
12470:
12466:
12462:
12454:
12452:
12450:
12441:
12437:
12433:
12429:
12425:
12421:
12417:
12413:
12406:
12404:
12402:
12393:
12389:
12384:
12379:
12375:
12371:
12367:
12363:
12359:
12352:
12350:
12348:
12339:
12335:
12331:
12327:
12323:
12319:
12315:
12311:
12307:
12303:
12295:
12293:
12284:
12280:
12276:
12272:
12268:
12264:
12260:
12256:
12249:
12247:
12238:
12234:
12229:
12224:
12220:
12216:
12212:
12208:
12204:
12200:
12196:
12189:
12187:
12178:
12174:
12169:
12164:
12159:
12154:
12150:
12146:
12142:
12138:
12134:
12126:
12124:
12115:
12111:
12106:
12101:
12097:
12093:
12089:
12085:
12081:
12074:
12072:
12063:
12059:
12055:
12051:
12047:
12043:
12039:
12035:
12027:
12025:
12016:
12012:
12008:
12004:
11998:
11990:
11984:
11976:
11975:
11970:
11964:
11956:
11952:
11947:
11942:
11937:
11932:
11928:
11924:
11920:
11913:
11905:
11901:
11896:
11891:
11886:
11881:
11877:
11873:
11869:
11865:
11861:
11850:
11842:
11838:
11833:
11828:
11824:
11820:
11816:
11812:
11808:
11804:
11800:
11793:
11785:
11781:
11776:
11771:
11767:
11763:
11759:
11755:
11751:
11747:
11743:
11732:
11724:
11718:
11710:
11704:
11696:
11692:
11687:
11682:
11678:
11674:
11670:
11666:
11662:
11655:
11639:
11635:
11629:
11621:
11617:
11612:
11607:
11603:
11599:
11595:
11591:
11587:
11583:
11579:
11572:
11564:
11560:
11556:
11552:
11548:
11544:
11540:
11536:
11533:: 1659–1666.
11532:
11528:
11521:
11513:
11509:
11505:
11501:
11497:
11493:
11489:
11485:
11478:
11470:
11464:
11456:
11450:
11442:
11436:
11428:
11422:
11414:
11408:
11400:
11396:
11390:
11382:
11378:
11372:
11361:
11354:
11348:
11340:
11334:
11326:
11322:
11318:
11314:
11310:
11306:
11302:
11298:
11294:
11287:
11279:
11273:
11265:
11259:
11251:
11245:
11237:
11231:
11223:
11217:
11208:
11200:
11196:
11192:
11188:
11184:
11180:
11176:
11172:
11168:
11157:
11149:
11145:
11140:
11135:
11131:
11127:
11123:
11119:
11116:(2): 027008.
11115:
11111:
11107:
11100:
11092:
11088:
11083:
11078:
11074:
11070:
11066:
11062:
11058:
11051:
11044:
11039:
11035:
11029:
11020:
11012:
11008:
11004:
11000:
10996:
10992:
10985:
10978:
10972:
10961:
10954:
10948:
10940:
10936:
10930:
10922:
10918:
10914:
10910:
10906:
10902:
10898:
10894:
10887:
10885:
10877:
10873:
10869:
10864:
10859:
10855:
10851:
10847:
10843:
10839:
10835:
10827:
10819:
10813:
10805:
10801:
10797:
10793:
10786:
10778:
10774:
10770:
10766:
10762:
10758:
10754:
10747:
10739:
10735:
10731:
10727:
10723:
10719:
10715:
10711:
10704:
10698:
10694:
10690:
10687:
10682:
10675:
10670:
10663:
10662:Geology Times
10659:
10655:
10652:
10647:
10638:
10633:
10629:
10625:
10621:
10617:
10613:
10606:
10598:
10594:
10590:
10586:
10582:
10578:
10571:
10563:
10544:
10537:
10530:
10522:
10518:
10513:
10508:
10504:
10500:
10497:(9): 094063.
10496:
10492:
10488:
10484:
10477:
10469:
10465:
10461:
10457:
10453:
10449:
10445:
10441:
10437:
10430:
10422:
10418:
10413:
10408:
10403:
10398:
10394:
10390:
10386:
10379:
10371:
10367:
10362:
10357:
10353:
10349:
10345:
10341:
10337:
10330:
10322:
10318:
10314:
10310:
10305:
10300:
10296:
10292:
10285:
10278:
10269:
10264:
10260:
10256:
10252:
10248:
10244:
10237:
10221:
10217:
10210:
10203:
10199:
10195:
10191:
10185:
10177:
10173:
10169:
10165:
10161:
10157:
10153:
10149:
10142:
10134:
10126:
10122:
10118:
10114:
10110:
10106:
10099:
10091:
10075:
10071:
10067:
10061:
10045:
10041:
10037:
10031:
10017:
10013:
10009:
10003:
9999:
9995:
9991:
9987:
9980:
9972:
9968:
9964:
9960:
9956:
9952:
9951:
9942:
9934:
9927:
9911:
9907:
9903:
9897:
9890:
9886:
9882:
9879:
9874:
9865:
9860:
9856:
9852:
9848:
9844:
9840:
9833:
9825:
9821:
9817:
9813:
9808:
9803:
9799:
9795:
9791:
9787:
9784:(5): 514–20.
9783:
9779:
9775:
9768:
9749:
9745:
9741:
9737:
9733:
9729:
9725:
9722:(5259): 244.
9721:
9717:
9710:
9703:
9695:
9691:
9687:
9681:
9674:
9670:
9667:
9662:
9660:
9658:
9650:
9646:
9640:
9625:
9621:
9614:
9606:
9602:
9598:
9594:
9590:
9586:
9582:
9578:
9574:
9570:
9566:
9559:
9551:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9533:
9529:
9525:
9518:
9516:
9509:
9505:
9501:
9495:
9487:
9483:
9478:
9473:
9469:
9465:
9461:
9457:
9453:
9449:
9445:
9441:
9437:
9429:
9421:
9417:
9413:
9409:
9405:
9401:
9397:
9393:
9389:
9385:
9378:
9370:
9366:
9362:
9358:
9354:
9350:
9346:
9342:
9338:
9331:
9322:
9317:
9313:
9309:
9305:
9301:
9297:
9290:
9288:
9278:
9273:
9269:
9265:
9261:
9257:
9253:
9246:
9238:
9234:
9230:
9226:
9222:
9218:
9214:
9210:
9206:
9202:
9195:
9187:
9183:
9179:
9175:
9171:
9164:
9156:
9152:
9148:
9144:
9140:
9136:
9132:
9125:
9117:
9113:
9109:
9105:
9101:
9097:
9093:
9089:
9085:
9081:
9074:
9058:
9054:
9050:
9044:
9036:
9032:
9025:
9023:
9021:
9019:
9017:
9015:
9005:
9000:
8996:
8992:
8988:
8984:
8980:
8973:
8971:
8962:
8958:
8954:
8950:
8946:
8942:
8938:
8934:
8927:
8925:
8914:
8909:
8905:
8901:
8897:
8893:
8886:
8879:
8871:
8867:
8863:
8859:
8855:
8851:
8847:
8840:
8832:
8828:
8821:
8805:
8801:
8795:
8780:. Defra. 2005
8779:
8772:
8766:
8758:
8752:
8744:
8738:
8730:
8724:
8716:
8710:
8702:
8696:
8688:
8682:
8674:
8668:
8660:
8654:
8646:
8640:
8632:
8626:
8624:
8615:
8609:
8601:
8595:
8587:
8581:
8573:
8567:
8559:
8553:
8545:
8539:
8531:
8525:
8517:
8510:
8502:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8484:
8480:
8476:
8472:
8468:
8461:
8453:
8449:
8439:
8420:
8414:
8399:
8395:
8391:
8387:
8380:
8372:
8366:
8359:
8358:public domain
8348:
8342:
8340:
8328:
8321:
8315:
8313:
8311:
8309:
8293:
8289:
8282:
8266:
8262:
8258:
8252:
8244:
8240:
8235:
8230:
8226:
8222:
8218:
8214:
8210:
8203:
8187:
8183:
8179:
8173:
8165:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8137:
8133:
8129:
8125:
8121:
8114:
8098:
8094:
8090:
8084:
8076:
8072:
8066:
8058:
8052:
8044:
8038:
8030:
8024:
8016:
8010:
8002:
7996:
7988:
7982:
7967:
7963:
7956:
7948:
7944:
7940:
7936:
7932:
7928:
7924:
7920:
7913:
7905:
7899:
7891:
7884:
7882:
7873:
7869:
7865:
7861:
7857:
7853:
7849:
7845:
7838:
7830:
7826:
7822:
7818:
7814:
7810:
7806:
7802:
7795:
7786:
7781:
7778:(21): 13832.
7777:
7773:
7769:
7762:
7754:
7748:
7739:
7734:
7730:
7724:
7720:
7716:
7712:
7705:
7697:
7696:
7691:
7684:
7676:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7658:
7654:
7650:
7646:
7642:
7635:
7627:
7623:
7619:
7615:
7611:
7607:
7603:
7596:
7588:
7584:
7580:
7576:
7572:
7568:
7564:
7560:
7556:
7549:
7541:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7523:
7519:
7515:
7511:
7507:
7500:
7492:
7488:
7484:
7478:
7474:
7470:
7466:
7460:
7452:
7448:
7444:
7440:
7436:
7432:
7428:
7424:
7417:
7409:
7405:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7381:
7377:
7373:
7362:
7354:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7336:
7332:
7328:
7324:
7320:
7316:
7312:
7305:
7297:
7291:
7275:
7271:
7267:
7263:
7259:
7255:
7251:
7247:
7243:
7239:
7235:
7231:
7223:
7215:
7209:
7201:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7173:
7169:
7165:
7158:
7150:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7132:
7128:
7125:(3): 157–63.
7124:
7120:
7116:
7109:
7101:
7097:
7091:
7083:
7079:
7073:
7062:
7056:
7048:
7044:
7039:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7020:
7016:
7013:(2): e03299.
7012:
7008:
7004:
6996:
6988:
6987:
6980:
6972:
6971:
6964:
6956:
6950:
6934:
6930:
6924:
6916:
6912:
6906:
6898:
6892:
6884:
6878:
6870:
6864:
6856:
6842:
6834:
6830:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6814:
6810:
6803:
6795:
6791:
6787:
6783:
6779:
6775:
6767:
6759:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6731:
6727:
6723:
6712:
6704:
6700:
6696:
6692:
6688:
6684:
6680:
6676:
6672:
6665:
6657:
6653:
6649:
6645:
6641:
6637:
6633:
6629:
6621:
6613:
6609:
6605:
6601:
6598:: 2751–2757.
6597:
6593:
6589:
6582:
6574:
6570:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6550:
6546:
6542:
6538:
6531:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6507:
6503:
6499:
6495:
6491:
6480:
6478:
6469:
6463:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6428:
6413:
6409:
6399:
6388:
6382:
6374:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6356:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6338:
6334:
6330:
6323:
6315:
6311:
6304:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6274:
6259:
6255:
6248:
6246:
6237:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6209:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6193:
6186:
6178:
6174:
6170:
6166:
6159:
6152:
6144:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6125:
6124:
6115:
6111:
6097:
6088:
6079:
6070:
6061:
6048:
6035:
6022:
6009:
6000:
5987:
5974:
5970:
5960:
5957:
5954:
5953:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5909:
5908:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5883:
5882:
5881:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5815:Fugitive dust
5813:
5811:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5725:
5718:
5716:
5711:
5707:
5688:
5683:
5672:
5667:
5666:
5663:United States
5660:
5658:
5654:
5649:
5645:
5635:
5629:
5626:
5622:
5613:
5607:
5603:
5593:
5591:
5587:
5579:
5575:
5571:
5567:
5549:
5532:
5522:
5519:February 2024
5513:
5509:
5506:This section
5504:
5501:
5497:
5496:
5488:
5486:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5454:
5451:
5450:Hunter Region
5447:
5443:
5440:pollution in
5429:
5420:
5417:
5414:
5403:
5400:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5370:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5292:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5266:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4778:
4776:
4775:Muzaffarnagar
4773:
4772:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4591:
4587:
4567:
4563:
4539:
4521:
4517:
4477:
4473:
4450:
4445:
4423:
4399:
4395:
4392:In the U.S.,
4390:
4368:
4328:
4324:
4319:
4297:
4292:
4270:
4246:
4241:
4202:
4193:
4185:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4163:
4159:
4150:
4140:
4124:
4119:
4110:
4109:
4101:
4099:
4087:
4078:
4072:United States
4069:
4065:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3957:
3947:
3943:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3898:
3895:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3883:United States
3881:
3880:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3829:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3814:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3642:
3634:
3620:
3616:
3615:heart attacks
3612:
3608:
3607:air pollution
3604:
3600:
3596:
3585:
3575:
3572:February 2024
3566:
3562:
3559:This section
3557:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3490:
3488:
3483:
3482:birth defects
3479:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3459:
3455:
3450:
3441:
3434:
3430:
3425:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3385:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3365:
3350:
3345:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3322:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3279:
3275:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3240:
3239:heart attacks
3236:
3232:
3228:
3218:
3217:Chronic cough
3208:
3184:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3159:
3157:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3129:anthropogenic
3124:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3076:
3073:displayed in
3067:
3059:
3049:
3037:
3032:
3023:
3022:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3002:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2909:
2901:
2898:February 2023
2892:
2888:
2885:This section
2883:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2857:
2852:
2845:
2840:
2833:
2828:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2741:Smolder smoke
2740:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2701:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2657:nanoparticles
2653:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2616:
2612:
2605:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2550:
2546:
2538:
2533:
2529:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2487:Sahel drought
2483:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2451:
2446:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2382:visible light
2379:
2375:
2366:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2343:preterm birth
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2308:anthropogenic
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2260:sulfuric acid
2257:
2253:
2233:
2230:
2224:
2220:
2205:
2203:
2192:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2177:Twomey effect
2174:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2107:during sunset
2106:
2101:
2089:
2072:
2067:
2057:
2054:
2048:
2046:
2041:
2032:
2022:
2019:
2011:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:This section
1986:
1977:
1976:
1968:
1967:can be used.
1966:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1950:Aethalometers
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1895:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1855:
1853:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1833:wet scrubbers
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1798:
1795:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1764:precipitation
1758:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1730:Sahara Desert
1720:
1715:
1691:
1685:
1680:
1678:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1662:anthropogenic
1659:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1600:(liquid) and
1599:
1598:sulfuric acid
1595:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:Earth's crust
1536:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1518:
1509:Green: smoke
1484:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1473:some new laws
1458:
1452:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1418:conditions.
1416:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1399:Microplastics
1397:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1213:
1206:
1205:preterm birth
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:heart disease
1190:
1189:air pollution
1186:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1126:precipitation
1123:
1122:anthropogenic
1119:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1072:
1067:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1003:
1002:
998:
997:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
968:
967:
966:
962:
961:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
917:
911:
910:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
876:
875:
868:
865:
863:
862:Water quality
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
729:
726:
721:
720:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
681:
678:
674:
671:
670:
669:
666:
664:
661:
660:
657:
652:
651:
644:
641:
639:
638:Traffic signs
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
617:
612:
611:
604:
601:
600:
597:
592:
591:
584:
581:
580:
574:
573:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
545:Nanomaterials
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
476:
475:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
434:
431:
426:
425:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
407:Radioactivity
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
366:
361:
360:
353:
352:Soundproofing
350:
348:
347:Noise control
345:
343:
342:Noise barrier
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
324:
321:
316:
315:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
289:
283:
282:
275:
272:
268:
265:
263:
260:
259:
258:
255:
254:
251:
246:
245:
238:
235:
234:
228:
227:
218:
215:
214:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
199:
196:
191:
190:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
104:
101:
96:
95:
88:
84:
83:
80:
77:
76:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
21058:Particulates
21012:Fireproofing
20796:and services
20792:Professions,
20690:Gas detector
20590:Trickle vent
20565:Smoke damper
20560:Smoke canopy
20555:Space heater
20485:Plenum space
20420:Heating film
20300:Exhaust hood
20270:Dehumidifier
20210:Blast damper
20205:Barrier pipe
20180:Air purifier
20091:Thermosiphon
19970:Free cooling
19886:Chilled beam
19810:Thermal mass
19795:Stack effect
19780:Particulates
19779:
19760:Infiltration
19691:Fundamental
19263:urban sprawl
19258:Urbanization
19206:Particulates
19205:
19191:Overdrafting
18906:Human impact
18879:Anthropocene
18658:Point source
18600:Heavy metals
18574:Urban runoff
18554:Sulfur water
18532:Septic tanks
18378:Agent Orange
18232:Mining waste
18058:Manure waste
17888:Volcanic ash
17764:Black carbon
17720:Oil refining
17705:Particulates
17704:
17634:Construction
17401:Fire warning
17271:particulates
17268:
17227:-force winds
17016:Marine winds
16947:Extreme cold
16381:Winter storm
16265:Thunderstorm
16155:distribution
16139:distribution
16127:distribution
16045:
16036:27 September
16034:. Retrieved
16030:
15998:
15967:
15963:
15934:
15930:
15880:
15866:
15826:
15822:
15791:
15746:
15742:
15726:
15681:
15677:
15662:
15643:EPA Victoria
15642:
15630:
15599:
15588:
15579:
15565:
15554:
15545:
15531:
15522:
15513:
15499:
15485:
15471:
15457:
15446:
15437:
15425:. Retrieved
15421:the original
15410:
15398:. Retrieved
15394:
15381:
15338:
15334:
15320:
15279:
15275:
15265:
15257:
15250:. Retrieved
15247:The Guardian
15246:
15236:
15225:
15216:
15185:dtsc.ca.gov
15178:
15170:the original
15160:
15148:. Retrieved
15141:the original
15128:
15117:, retrieved
15110:the original
15101:
15094:
15082:. Retrieved
15078:the original
15057:the original
15047:
15036:
15025:
15016:
15002:
14988:
14976:. Retrieved
14969:the original
14962:) and Ozone"
14952:
14943:
14931:
14919:. Retrieved
14909:
14897:. Retrieved
14875:
14866:
14854:. Retrieved
14844:
14830:
14821:
14812:
14795:
14783:. Retrieved
14779:the original
14765:
14753:. Retrieved
14743:
14731:. Retrieved
14706:. Retrieved
14686:
14674:. Retrieved
14663:
14628:
14624:
14614:
14602:. Retrieved
14598:
14588:
14579:
14569:
14557:
14545:
14535:The Guardian
14534:
14513:
14496:
14488:Toronto Star
14487:
14477:
14445:(3): 37006.
14442:
14438:
14428:
14396:(1): 88–94.
14393:
14389:
14375:
14340:
14336:
14326:
14291:
14287:
14273:
14241:(6): 893–7.
14238:
14234:
14224:
14212:. Retrieved
14208:
14198:
14189:
14157:
14153:
14144:
14109:
14105:
14059:
14055:
14049:
14016:
14012:
13992:the original
13987:
13975:
13941:
13937:
13931:
13890:
13886:
13880:
13847:
13843:
13833:
13819:
13774:
13770:
13759:
13747:. Retrieved
13743:the original
13706:
13702:
13692:
13680:. Retrieved
13676:
13666:
13657:
13647:
13633:
13624:
13615:
13572:
13568:
13555:
13520:
13516:
13499:
13464:
13460:
13447:
13412:
13408:
13398:
13363:
13359:
13349:
13306:
13302:
13292:
13249:
13245:
13235:
13198:
13194:
13184:
13172:. Retrieved
13168:
13120:
13116:
13110:
13075:
13072:Hypertension
13071:
13061:
13053:The Guardian
13052:
13042:
12999:
12995:
12981:
12948:
12944:
12938:
12903:
12899:
12889:
12877:. Retrieved
12872:
12863:
12828:
12824:
12814:
12783:
12741:
12737:
12731:
12698:
12694:
12685:
12677:the original
12667:
12626:
12622:
12616:
12591:
12587:
12566:The Guardian
12565:
12555:
12520:
12516:
12505:
12464:
12460:
12415:
12411:
12365:
12361:
12305:
12301:
12258:
12254:
12202:
12198:
12140:
12136:
12087:
12083:
12037:
12033:
11997:
11983:
11972:
11963:
11926:
11922:
11912:
11867:
11863:
11849:
11809:(1): 13317.
11806:
11802:
11792:
11749:
11745:
11731:
11717:
11703:
11668:
11664:
11654:
11642:. Retrieved
11637:
11628:
11585:
11581:
11571:
11530:
11526:
11520:
11487:
11483:
11477:
11463:
11449:
11435:
11421:
11407:
11399:the original
11389:
11381:the original
11371:
11360:the original
11347:
11333:
11300:
11296:
11286:
11272:
11258:
11244:
11230:
11216:
11207:
11174:
11170:
11156:
11113:
11109:
11099:
11064:
11060:
11050:
11041:
11038:the original
11028:
11019:
10994:
10990:
10984:
10976:
10971:
10960:the original
10947:
10939:the original
10929:
10896:
10892:
10875:
10863:1721.1/85851
10837:
10833:
10826:
10812:cite journal
10795:
10785:
10760:
10756:
10746:
10713:
10709:
10703:
10696:
10681:
10669:
10661:
10646:
10619:
10615:
10605:
10580:
10576:
10562:
10550:. Retrieved
10543:the original
10529:
10494:
10490:
10476:
10443:
10439:
10429:
10392:
10388:
10378:
10343:
10339:
10329:
10294:
10290:
10277:
10250:
10246:
10236:
10224:. Retrieved
10219:
10209:
10188:IPCC, 2021:
10184:
10151:
10147:
10133:
10108:
10104:
10090:
10078:. Retrieved
10070:The Guardian
10069:
10060:
10048:. Retrieved
10044:the original
10030:
10019:, retrieved
9989:
9979:
9954:
9948:
9941:
9926:
9914:. Retrieved
9910:the original
9896:
9889:ScienceDaily
9888:
9873:
9849:(D4): 8364.
9846:
9842:
9832:
9781:
9777:
9767:
9755:. Retrieved
9719:
9715:
9702:
9694:the original
9689:
9680:
9643:IPCC, 1990:
9639:
9627:. Retrieved
9623:
9613:
9575:(2): 48–57.
9572:
9568:
9558:
9531:
9527:
9494:
9443:
9439:
9428:
9387:
9383:
9377:
9344:
9340:
9330:
9303:
9299:
9259:
9255:
9245:
9204:
9200:
9194:
9177:
9173:
9163:
9138:
9134:
9124:
9083:
9079:
9073:
9061:. Retrieved
9057:the original
9052:
9043:
9034:
8986:
8982:
8936:
8932:
8895:
8891:
8878:
8853:
8849:
8839:
8830:
8820:
8808:. Retrieved
8803:
8794:
8782:. Retrieved
8777:
8765:
8751:
8737:
8723:
8709:
8695:
8681:
8667:
8653:
8639:
8608:
8594:
8580:
8566:
8552:
8538:
8524:
8509:
8474:
8470:
8460:
8452:Puraka Masks
8451:
8444:"What are PM
8438:
8426:. Retrieved
8413:
8401:. Retrieved
8389:
8379:
8365:
8327:the original
8295:. Retrieved
8291:
8281:
8269:. Retrieved
8265:the original
8260:
8251:
8216:
8212:
8202:
8190:. Retrieved
8186:the original
8181:
8172:
8127:
8123:
8113:
8101:. Retrieved
8097:the original
8092:
8083:
8074:
8065:
8051:
8037:
8023:
8009:
7995:
7981:
7969:. Retrieved
7966:The Guardian
7965:
7955:
7922:
7918:
7912:
7898:
7847:
7843:
7837:
7804:
7800:
7794:
7775:
7771:
7761:
7747:
7710:
7704:
7693:
7683:
7648:
7644:
7634:
7609:
7605:
7595:
7562:
7558:
7548:
7516:: e2018013.
7513:
7509:
7499:
7464:
7459:
7429:(1): 67–72.
7426:
7422:
7416:
7379:
7375:
7361:
7318:
7314:
7304:
7290:
7278:. Retrieved
7237:
7233:
7222:
7208:
7171:
7167:
7157:
7122:
7118:
7108:
7099:
7090:
7081:
7072:
7055:
7010:
7006:
6995:
6985:
6979:
6969:
6963:
6949:
6939:22 September
6937:. Retrieved
6932:
6923:
6914:
6905:
6891:
6877:
6863:
6841:
6816:
6812:
6802:
6777:
6773:
6772:combustor".
6766:
6729:
6725:
6711:
6678:
6674:
6664:
6631:
6627:
6620:
6595:
6591:
6581:
6540:
6536:
6530:
6497:
6493:
6462:
6437:
6433:
6427:
6415:. Retrieved
6411:
6398:
6381:
6339:(12): 7511.
6336:
6332:
6322:
6314:The Guardian
6313:
6303:
6291:. Retrieved
6287:the original
6282:
6273:
6261:. Retrieved
6257:
6199:
6195:
6185:
6168:
6164:
6151:
6122:
6114:
6096:
6087:
6078:
6069:
6060:
6047:
6034:
6021:
6008:
5999:
5986:
5973:
5906:
5905:
5879:
5878:
5810:Pea soup fog
5752:Carbon black
5712:
5708:
5700:
5650:
5646:
5630:
5619:
5599:
5584:measured in
5564:As of 2017,
5563:
5516:
5512:adding to it
5507:
5470:
5466:
5435:
5426:
5386:South Africa
5321:Shijiazhuang
5139:Khorramshahr
4658:Saudi Arabia
4593:
4546:
4540:
4456:
4446:
4391:
4320:
4293:
4242:
4211:
4190:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4155:
4134:
4122:
4083:
4066:
4062:
4049:100–150 μg/m
4025:75–800 μg/m
3963:
3939:
3912:
3882:
3860:
3838:
3816:
3786:
3756:
3734:
3712:
3704:Yearly avg.
3698:Yearly avg.
3591:
3582:
3569:
3565:adding to it
3560:
3524:strategy of
3491:
3480:, and cause
3463:
3421:
3408:Cancer Alley
3391:
3382:
3378:heart attack
3371:
3346:
3334:brain aging.
3326:pathogenesis
3323:
3308:
3305:
3276:
3268:
3264:black carbon
3257:
3251:
3220:
3185:
3178:
3162:
3160:
3152:
3126:
3080:
3043:
3035:
3003:
2995:
2984:
2976:
2964:heavy metals
2934:
2918:
2908:
2895:
2891:adding to it
2886:
2777:Yellow Brown
2707:
2698:
2688:
2685:surface area
2684:
2681:
2677:benzopyrenes
2654:
2650:
2641:
2629:
2618:
2615:gas exchange
2607:
2603:
2601:
2585:
2581:
2562:
2528:
2484:
2480:Indian Ocean
2473:
2460:Huaynaputina
2456:
2429:Black carbon
2427:
2424:Black carbon
2418:stratosphere
2371:
2334:
2330:
2262:and various
2254:reacts with
2226:
2198:
2189:
2173:cloud albedo
2169:
2150:
2140:
2124:
2050:
2037:
2014:
2005:
1989:
1962:
1931:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1892:
1845:
1841:
1814:
1779:Technologies
1760:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1681:
1674:
1652:
1645:
1627:salts; i.e.
1583:
1531:mineral dust
1524:
1481:
1454:
1420:
1404:
1382:oil refining
1354:incineration
1347:Power plants
1313:Metalworking
1284:Construction
1278:crop residue
1266:firecrackers
1258:fossil fuels
1251:
1197:lung disease
1178:
1162:
1146:, which are
1140:
1134:
1111:
1085:
1082:Particulates
1081:
1080:
950:Point source
895:Heavy metals
857:Urban runoff
842:Sulfur water
817:Septic tanks
673:Agent Orange
583:Space debris
437:Agricultural
302:Volcanic ash
162:Particulates
161:
40:
21022:Warm Spaces
20664:Blower door
20642:and control
20640:Measurement
20621:Windcatcher
20595:Trombe wall
20535:Sail switch
20515:Refrigerant
20510:Recuperator
20385:Grease duct
20345:Freeze stat
20330:Fire damper
20200:Back boiler
20170:Air ionizer
20165:Air handler
20129:Ventilation
19981:Hybrid heat
19846:Air barrier
19765:Latent heat
19377:Externality
19372:Coral reefs
19332:Defaunation
19201:Overgrazing
19174:overfishing
19154:Marine life
19028:electricity
18951:Agriculture
18628:Area source
18537:Pit latrine
18460:Groundwater
18217:Gold mining
18212:Coal mining
18183:Toxic waste
18148:Green waste
18121:Brown waste
18104:Solid waste
17651:Exhaust gas
17460:(tornadoes)
17445:used by NWS
16938:PDS warning
16878:temperature
16829:River flood
16733:Flash flood
16652:Storm surge
16476:Snow squall
16321:PDS warning
16200:. EPD HK. *
16190:. EPD HK. *
15523:www.who.int
15427:24 December
15282:: 605–615.
15150:28 December
15119:28 December
15084:28 December
14978:11 December
14856:16 November
14771:"微小粒子状物質(PM
14676:16 November
14390:Respirology
14343:: 291–298.
14214:26 November
13682:19 December
12796:10.2800/165
12040:: 763–776.
11929:(1): 6256.
11177:: 118–135.
10552:17 February
9229:10945/46780
8297:19 February
7971:13 February
7850:: 116–124.
7844:Environ Int
7801:Environ Int
7651:(1): 7238.
7168:Front Oncol
6634:: 530–540.
6628:Chemosphere
6440:: 635–647.
6417:6 September
6293:29 December
5950:Other names
5835:Metal swarf
5625:Ulaanbaatar
5616:Ulaanbaatar
5580:, 52% of PM
5566:South Korea
5560:South Korea
5483:monitor on
5442:coal mining
5399:Gandhinagar
5373:East London
4396:, Utah and
4046:50–100 μg/m
3839:South Korea
3538:rolled back
3487:carcinogens
3454:fossil fuel
3133:lung cancer
3107:risk factor
3001:of the PM.
2930:scrap metal
2673:carcinogens
2602:Similarly,
2593:bronchioles
2359:ozone layer
2327:bunker fuel
2280:evaporation
2276:hygroscopic
2256:water vapor
2195:Semi-direct
2008:August 2024
1922:Measurement
1825:(baghouses)
1610:fossil fuel
1602:nitric acid
1579:fatty acids
1487:Composition
1427:dust storms
1393:earthquakes
1323:Woodworking
1256:Burning of
1185:ultra-fines
1159:micrometers
1137:atmospheric
1110:. The term
1094:microscopic
920:Area source
762:Groundwater
515:Green waste
495:Brown waste
479:Solid waste
237:Information
132:Exhaust gas
21073:Visibility
21068:Pollutants
21052:Categories
20778:Thermostat
20700:Humidistat
20631:Zone valve
20600:TurboSwing
20475:Oil heater
20445:Humidifier
20375:Gas heater
20325:Fan heater
20295:Evaporator
20280:Economizer
20255:Compressor
20160:Air filter
20143:Components
19960:Forced-air
19856:Antifreeze
19829:Technology
19775:Outgassing
19715:Convection
19642:mitigation
19637:assessment
19632:by country
19530:Decoupling
19492:Mitigation
19221:Reservoirs
19142:pesticides
19087:Explosives
19065:reservoirs
18966:irrigation
18780:by country
18776:Categories
18714:Zero waste
18595:Pollutants
18549:Stagnation
18487:Monitoring
18455:Freshwater
18331:Air travel
18143:Food waste
18063:Pesticides
18053:Herbicides
17957:Industrial
17786:Biological
17646:Demolition
17639:Renovation
17622:Joss paper
17607:Combustion
16915:Wind chill
16887:Heat index
16583:Hurricanes
16431:Heavy snow
16364:Advisories
15937:: 119240.
15829:: 141267.
14921:1 February
14899:1 February
14785:1 February
14733:1 February
14506:Roser, Max
13850:: 104729.
13749:26 January
13709:: 134721.
13201:: 901017.
12308:: 108638.
12090:: 113307.
12005:(Report).
11752:: 157579.
11588:: 108580.
11490:: 112294.
11303:: 134282.
9757:9 February
8918:Fig. 2(a).
8428:3 February
8271:6 February
8192:6 February
8103:6 February
7807:: 107151.
7382:(3): 438.
6973:. HK: TVB.
6780:: 107674.
6726:Lung India
6543:: 118907.
6131:. p.
6107:References
5859:Respirator
5801:Pesticides
5797:Fertilizer
5747:Bioaerosol
5728:Air filter
5606:Chiang Mai
5461:See also:
5061:Chandigarh
4762:Bangladesh
4269:Ulan Bator
4240:) values.
4104:California
4043:40–50 μg/m
4040:20–40 μg/m
4022:50–75 μg/m
4019:25–50 μg/m
4016:20–25 μg/m
4013:10–20 μg/m
3777:: None; PM
3588:Regulation
3429:neutrophil
3286:See also:
3266:exposure.
3241:and other
3229:, causing
3215:See also:
3135:and other
3121:See also:
3009:, metals,
2802:Irregular
2791:Irregular
2788:Dark Brown
2780:Irregular
2769:Spherical
2747:Spherical
2736:Irregular
2695:Solubility
2543:See also:
2443:See also:
2433:fullerenes
2378:healthcare
2315:combustion
2217:See also:
2202:convection
2141:extinction
1912:smog tower
1886:lead paint
1877:renovation
1809:See also:
1755:See also:
1613:combustion
1332:Industries
1290:Renovation
1272:including
1262:joss paper
1235:power tool
1007:By country
999:Categories
890:Pollutants
867:Wastewater
837:Stagnation
782:Monitoring
757:Freshwater
623:Air travel
510:Food waste
452:Defecation
262:Ecological
195:Biological
127:Combustion
69:Part of a
57:human hair
21088:Pollution
20888:Industry
20737:OpenTherm
20415:Heat pump
20410:Heat pipe
20360:Fume hood
20335:Fireplace
20240:Condenser
20190:Attic fan
19986:Hydronics
19565:Recycling
19231:Transport
19216:Quarrying
19211:Pollution
19070:transport
19060:petroleum
19055:oil shale
19018:biodiesel
18672:Responses
18643:Garbology
18569:Turbidity
18517:Oil spill
18450:Firewater
18351:Vandalism
18313:Satellite
18010:Poisoning
18005:Plutonium
17985:Actinides
17977:Radiation
17725:Wood dust
17587:Acid rain
17562:Pollution
17279:Dust/sand
17177:High surf
16820:Statement
16789:Statement
16756:Emergency
16746:PDS watch
16517:Avalanche
16326:Emergency
16311:PDS watch
16283:PDS watch
16094:from the
16015:236389007
15951:249860528
15859:221100463
15714:260485784
15373:250512127
15365:1866-3508
15304:0269-7491
14895:. Epa.gov
14850:"細懸浮微粒管制"
14604:5 October
14190:USA Today
14084:195313204
14033:210244838
13872:214585295
13739:207944384
13523:: f7412.
13252:: 46–53.
13163:Sacks J.
12996:GeoHealth
12723:0162-1459
12715:1537-274X
12497:231677095
12440:199147061
12418:: 52–65.
12338:201057595
12283:220942039
11644:14 August
11325:252553231
11199:164216753
11130:0091-6765
10521:1748-9326
10468:255571342
10226:4 January
10176:231670652
10016:234180702
9798:0091-6765
9744:178546205
9597:0036-8733
9550:253875202
9468:0013-936X
8961:129107853
8850:Anal Chem
8471:ACS Omega
7925:: h2757.
7587:233890096
7491:136987659
7372:in China"
7262:0013-936X
6819:: 62–79.
6794:256529257
6703:257202752
6695:1680-8584
6612:226353498
6573:246355499
6522:262046328
6355:1660-4601
6263:5 October
6202:(1): 12.
5913:Asthmagen
5864:Recycling
5768:Cleanroom
5715:lightning
5473:Guangzhou
5432:Australia
5191:Abu Dhabi
4957:Ghāziābād
4853:New Delhi
4547:155
4545:level of
4516:Australia
4457:0.5
4329:, with PM
4323:Salamanca
4037:0–20 μg/m
4010:0–10 μg/m
3995:Very poor
3787:Hong Kong
3713:Australia
3520:, to the
3424:wildfires
3319:magnetite
3292:Manganism
3164:GeoHealth
3140:mortality
3091:silicosis
3046:July 2023
2539:, Germany
2519:East Asia
2499:Kimberley
2493:over the
2491:Australia
2439:Instances
2361:as well.
2339:acid rain
2304:wildfires
2300:volcanoes
2268:oxidation
2229:inorganic
1916:moss wall
1739:this page
1666:radiation
1586:oxidation
1571:potassium
1559:magnesium
1555:sea water
1551:sea spray
1439:sea spray
1435:grassland
1423:volcanoes
1389:wildfires
1360:Road dust
1296:Roadworks
1264:, waste,
1246:Excavator
1151:particles
1135:Types of
1104:suspended
1097:particles
935:Garbology
852:Turbidity
802:Oil spill
752:Firewater
737:Biosolids
643:Vandalism
402:Poisoning
397:Plutonium
372:Actinides
365:Radiation
107:Acid rain
79:Pollution
21063:Aerosols
20995:See also
20720:LonWorks
20654:Aquastat
20520:Register
20500:Radiator
20155:Air door
19955:Firestop
19755:Humidity
19730:Enthalpy
19720:Dilution
19705:Bake-out
19693:concepts
19627:Category
19251:shipping
19236:aviation
19122:plastics
19112:concrete
19097:Land use
19013:biofuels
18981:palm oil
18760:Treaties
18732:Diseases
18544:Shipping
18440:Diseases
18288:Landfill
17963:Abstract
17960:Military
17893:Wildfire
17742:Smelting
17710:Asbestos
17515:Advisory
17452:Beaufort
17421:Aviation
17269:Airborne
17003:Maritime
16923:Advisory
16876:Apparent
16862:Advisory
16836:Advisory
16810:Advisory
16774:Advisory
16724:Advisory
16629:Cyclones
16606:Typhoons
16551:cyclones
16549:Tropical
16535:Advisory
16456:Advisory
16273:Advisory
16202:Archived
16192:Archived
16100:Archived
15851:32777507
15773:12842775
15706:37537902
15395:Statista
15312:28159396
15187:Archived
14708:30 April
14699:Archived
14655:24911630
14518:Archived
14508:(2021).
14469:30875246
14420:22910313
14412:26346113
14367:31146163
14318:26178402
14265:19590679
14136:29470121
13966:20168936
13958:21353301
13923:23814778
13915:16024504
13864:32201281
13811:27601646
13731:31715478
13677:euronews
13607:28195384
13547:24452269
13491:11879110
13390:11127263
13341:19215915
13284:22835955
13227:25574176
13174:31 March
13145:95781433
13102:29760154
13034:35599962
12930:11049813
12873:euronews
12855:23245609
12766:14589790
12758:15010446
12659:23814778
12651:16024504
12608:23849838
12547:30419235
12489:33481201
12432:31557706
12392:31850801
12330:31421449
12275:32741830
12237:26399256
12177:27653281
12137:PLOS ONE
12114:31733973
12062:27609410
12009:. 1992.
11955:33737616
11904:34257389
11841:35922645
11784:35901896
11695:21846610
11620:34848915
11563:51617692
11555:29996461
11512:33984660
11191:31125731
11148:29467106
11091:18202315
11043:Angeles.
10921:10435613
10872:54922537
10738:46437912
10689:Archived
10654:Archived
10583:: 1238.
10421:36198778
10370:33510021
10321:58612273
10313:30655446
10111:: 1238.
10074:Archived
10072:. 2017.
10021:26 April
9916:17 March
9881:Archived
9748:Archived
9669:Archived
9629:17 April
9605:24942590
9486:31335134
9420:37347993
9412:14988557
9369:10807573
9237:40273867
9116:26740611
9108:17842894
8501:31458040
8243:30648145
8164:22308444
7947:40717317
7939:26001592
7872:31039519
7829:35228011
7675:33790361
7540:29642653
7451:21271240
7443:23612530
7408:29498704
7353:37995235
7344:10870829
7280:11 April
7274:Archived
7270:32391692
7200:23087908
7149:15723880
7047:32128461
6758:31290418
6656:27764746
6565:35091017
6514:37717778
6373:35742761
6236:23575443
5869:Scrubber
5721:See also
5621:Mongolia
5596:Thailand
5475:set a PM
5269:Xinxiang
4944:Pakistan
4931:Peshawar
4684:Pakistan
4520:Honolulu
4444:levels.
4179:Colorado
3989:Moderate
3412:COVID-19
3231:vascular
3227:arteries
3083:COVID-19
3077:, Poland
3075:Katowice
3007:concrete
2710:asbestos
2628:system.
2335:combined
2323:aviation
2296:plankton
2284:biogenic
2234:like (SO
2147:Indirect
1898:Measures
1882:asbestos
1625:ammonium
1617:biogenic
1527:aerosols
1378:smelting
1155:diameter
991:Treaties
971:Diseases
827:Shipping
792:Nutrient
742:Diseases
307:Wildfire
20794:trades,
20365:Furnace
20230:Chiller
19902:Coolant
19616:Commons
19392:Erosion
19342:Ecocide
19280:Effects
19226:Tourism
19159:fishing
19117:fashion
19040:fashion
18993:Bitcoin
18872:General
18789:Commons
18564:Thermal
18465:Hypoxia
18249:Garbage
18020:Uranium
17871:Natural
17820:Digital
17752:Aerosol
17730:Welding
17617:Biomass
17612:Biofuel
17571:History
17510:Warning
17500:Tsunami
17119:Warning
17093:Warning
17077:Warning
17056:Warning
17009:weather
17007:coastal
16975:Warning
16954:Warning
16933:Warning
16846:Warning
16805:Warning
16784:Warning
16751:Warning
16719:Warning
16665:Warning
16642:Warning
16619:Warning
16596:Warning
16573:Warning
16525:Warning
16484:Warning
16466:Warning
16438:Warning
16394:Warning
16357:weather
16316:Warning
16298:Tornado
16288:Warning
16246:in the
16057:Control
15999:Science
15972:Bibcode
15831:Bibcode
15764:1241576
15686:Bibcode
15620:Control
15400:1 April
15343:Bibcode
15284:Bibcode
15252:3 April
14755:27 July
14646:4154221
14460:6768318
14345:Bibcode
14309:4608063
14256:2702402
14127:5844406
14064:Bibcode
13895:Bibcode
13802:5047173
13779:Bibcode
13711:Bibcode
13598:6849702
13577:Bibcode
13538:3898420
13504:EU's PM
13482:4037163
13453:Pope CA
13439:2252919
13430:1664286
13381:1731115
13332:6615486
13311:Bibcode
13275:3656658
13254:Bibcode
13218:4276595
13125:Bibcode
13093:6002908
13025:9109601
13004:Bibcode
12973:3444932
12953:Bibcode
12921:1240126
12879:1 April
12846:4156511
12631:Bibcode
12538:6904855
12469:Bibcode
12383:6957283
12310:Bibcode
12228:4737505
12207:Bibcode
12168:5031428
12145:Bibcode
12092:Bibcode
12042:Bibcode
11946:7973572
11895:8276229
11872:Bibcode
11832:9349267
11811:Bibcode
11775:9310379
11754:Bibcode
11686:3261985
11611:8620412
11590:Bibcode
11535:Bibcode
11492:Bibcode
11305:Bibcode
11139:6066351
11082:3014059
11011:3674573
10901:Bibcode
10842:Bibcode
10796:Science
10765:Bibcode
10718:Bibcode
10624:Bibcode
10585:Bibcode
10499:Bibcode
10448:Bibcode
10412:9534750
10348:Bibcode
10340:Science
10291:Science
10255:Bibcode
10156:Bibcode
10113:Bibcode
10050:28 June
9959:Bibcode
9851:Bibcode
9824:2707126
9816:9222137
9807:1469882
9724:Bibcode
9716:Science
9577:Bibcode
9477:6823602
9448:Bibcode
9392:Bibcode
9384:Science
9349:Bibcode
9341:Science
9308:Bibcode
9264:Bibcode
9209:Bibcode
9174:Science
9143:Bibcode
9088:Bibcode
9080:Science
9063:14 July
8991:Bibcode
8941:Bibcode
8900:Bibcode
8870:4762375
8784:28 June
8492:6644756
8403:17 June
8234:6311946
8155:3286997
8132:Bibcode
7852:Bibcode
7809:Bibcode
7738:7121041
7695:Reuters
7666:8012626
7645:Sci Rep
7614:Bibcode
7567:Bibcode
7531:5968206
7399:5876983
7323:Bibcode
7315:Science
7242:Bibcode
7191:3475003
7174:: 148.
7140:1740976
7038:7042420
7015:Bibcode
7007:Heliyon
6821:Bibcode
6749:6625239
6636:Bibcode
6545:Bibcode
6442:Bibcode
6364:9223652
6227:3640939
6204:Bibcode
5839:Sawdust
5657:fly ash
5602:Bangkok
5347:Taiyuan
5243:Xuchang
5165:Pokhara
5113:Kampala
5009:Hawalli
4983:Lucknow
4892:Bahrain
4723:Baghdad
4629:
4617:
4582:
4570:
4561:
4549:
4536:
4524:
4512:
4500:
4492:
4480:
4471:
4459:
4438:
4426:
4418:
4406:
4387:
4375:
4363:
4351:
4347:
4335:
4316:
4304:
4289:
4277:
4265:
4253:
4245:Baghdad
4238:
4226:
4123:updated
3807:: 9; PM
3688:
3676:
3665:
3653:
3315:suicide
3248:Biofilm
3036:updated
2953:fly ash
2951:slag),
2687:or the
2634:bronchi
2597:alveoli
2503:Pilbara
2311:sulfate
2213:Sulfate
1994:Please
1960:(CPC).
1875:of the
1774:Control
1621:ammonia
1606:biomass
1567:calcium
1563:sulfate
1455:In the
1415:plastic
1338:Cooking
1317:welding
1315:(e.g.,
1302:of the
1270:biomass
1216:Sources
1153:with a
1118:mixture
1113:aerosol
1106:in the
885:History
767:Hypoxia
596:Thermal
550:Plastic
412:Uranium
286:Natural
231:Digital
207:Genetic
20947:SMACNA
20907:ASHRAE
20727:(MERV)
20681:(CADR)
20659:BACnet
20612:(ULPA)
20465:Louver
20390:Grille
20265:Damper
20215:Boiler
20113:(VCRS)
19914:(DOAS)
19620:
19609:
19181:Mining
19035:energy
18943:Causes
18653:Midden
18633:Debris
18588:Topics
18527:Sewage
18480:debris
18475:Marine
18323:Visual
18207:Mining
18202:Litter
17695:Mining
17454:(wind)
17429:SIGMET
16963:Freeze
16355:Winter
16257:storms
16255:Severe
16151:and PM
16135:and PM
16107:Others
16013:
15949:
15893:
15886:(2020)
15873:
15857:
15849:
15817:(Pbk.)
15813:
15792:US EPA
15771:
15761:
15733:(2004)
15712:
15704:
15651:Health
15631:US EPA
15590:Forbes
15371:
15363:
15310:
15302:
15227:Forbes
14818:"Home"
14653:
14643:
14599:US EPA
14467:
14457:
14418:
14410:
14365:
14316:
14306:
14263:
14253:
14209:US EPA
14134:
14124:
14082:
14041:736789
14039:
14031:
13964:
13956:
13938:Lancet
13921:
13913:
13870:
13862:
13809:
13799:
13737:
13729:
13605:
13595:
13545:
13535:
13489:
13479:
13437:
13427:
13388:
13378:
13339:
13329:
13282:
13272:
13225:
13215:
13143:
13100:
13090:
13032:
13022:
12971:
12928:
12918:
12853:
12843:
12825:Lancet
12802:
12764:
12756:
12721:
12713:
12657:
12649:
12606:
12545:
12535:
12495:
12487:
12438:
12430:
12390:
12380:
12336:
12328:
12281:
12273:
12235:
12225:
12175:
12165:
12112:
12060:
11953:
11943:
11902:
11892:
11839:
11829:
11782:
11772:
11693:
11683:
11618:
11608:
11561:
11553:
11510:
11323:
11197:
11189:
11146:
11136:
11128:
11089:
11079:
11009:
10919:
10870:
10736:
10710:Nature
10519:
10466:
10419:
10409:
10389:Nature
10368:
10319:
10311:
10192:. In:
10174:
10080:19 May
10014:
10004:
9822:
9814:
9804:
9796:
9742:
9690:US EPA
9647:. In:
9603:
9595:
9548:
9506:
9484:
9474:
9466:
9418:
9410:
9367:
9235:
9114:
9106:
8959:
8868:
8810:5 July
8499:
8489:
8241:
8231:
8162:
8152:
7945:
7937:
7870:
7827:
7735:
7725:
7673:
7663:
7585:
7538:
7528:
7489:
7479:
7449:
7441:
7406:
7396:
7351:
7341:
7268:
7260:
7198:
7188:
7147:
7137:
7045:
7035:
6851:and PM
6792:
6756:
6746:
6701:
6693:
6654:
6610:
6571:
6563:
6520:
6512:
6412:Undark
6371:
6361:
6353:
6258:US EPA
6234:
6224:
6139:
5491:Europe
5479:and PM
5410:
5383:
5357:
5331:
5305:
5295:Anyang
5279:
5253:
5227:
5201:
5149:
5126:Uganda
5123:
5097:
5087:Jaipur
5071:
5045:
5022:Kuwait
5019:
4993:
4967:
4941:
4915:
4889:
4879:Manama
4863:
4840:Mexico
4837:
4827:Oaxaca
4811:
4785:
4759:
4733:
4707:
4681:
4671:Lahore
4655:
4645:Dammam
4566:Lahore
4494:and PM
4449:Zürich
4367:Skopje
4296:Dammam
4092:and PM
3942:Canada
3936:Canada
3861:Taiwan
3617:, and
3311:autism
3294:, and
3144:Europe
3087:asthma
3011:solder
2943:(e.g.
2725:Shape
2573:throat
2406:clouds
2272:clouds
2128:albedo
2105:Mumbai
2095:Direct
1948:, and
1835:, and
1641:acidic
1590:sulfur
1535:oxides
1519:, and
1463:and PM
1431:forest
1374:mining
1352:Waste
1201:cancer
1157:of 10
1148:coarse
1130:health
1101:matter
945:Midden
940:Legacy
925:Debris
879:Topics
832:Sludge
822:Sewage
777:Marine
616:Visual
535:Mining
530:Litter
71:series
51:and PM
20987:(VOC)
20981:(SBS)
20970:(IAQ)
20927:CIBSE
20922:BSRIA
20825:(BIM)
20769:(STP)
20733:(NTP)
20355:Freon
20125:(VRF)
20119:(VAV)
19977:(HRV)
19951:(ERV)
19925:(DCV)
19898:(CAV)
19575:urban
19246:roads
19137:paper
19132:paint
18724:Lists
18663:Waste
18605:Paint
18422:Water
18305:Space
17946:Sonar
17941:Urban
17919:Water
17903:Noise
17878:Ozone
17845:Light
17776:Waste
17668:Smoke
17506:Watch
17474:Other
17315:Smoke
17114:Watch
17098:Watch
17072:Watch
17065:Storm
17051:Watch
16970:Watch
16928:Watch
16841:Watch
16815:Watch
16779:Watch
16741:Watch
16714:Watch
16707:Flood
16698:Flood
16660:Watch
16637:Watch
16614:Watch
16591:Watch
16568:Watch
16530:Watch
16461:Watch
16389:Watch
16306:Watch
16278:Watch
16178:About
16169:About
16011:S2CID
15947:S2CID
15855:S2CID
15710:S2CID
15369:S2CID
15144:(PDF)
15137:(PDF)
15113:(PDF)
15106:(PDF)
14972:(PDF)
14965:(PDF)
14940:(PDF)
14804:(PDF)
14702:(PDF)
14695:(PDF)
14416:S2CID
14080:S2CID
14029:S2CID
13995:(PDF)
13984:(PDF)
13962:S2CID
13919:S2CID
13868:S2CID
13735:S2CID
13565:(PDF)
13141:S2CID
12762:S2CID
12711:eISSN
12655:S2CID
12517:Chest
12493:S2CID
12436:S2CID
12334:S2CID
12279:S2CID
11559:S2CID
11363:(PDF)
11356:(PDF)
11321:S2CID
11195:S2CID
10963:(PDF)
10956:(PDF)
10917:S2CID
10868:S2CID
10734:S2CID
10573:(PDF)
10546:(PDF)
10539:(PDF)
10464:S2CID
10317:S2CID
10287:(PDF)
10172:S2CID
10144:(PDF)
10101:(PDF)
10012:S2CID
9820:S2CID
9751:(PDF)
9740:S2CID
9712:(PDF)
9601:JSTOR
9546:S2CID
9416:S2CID
9233:S2CID
9112:S2CID
8957:S2CID
8888:(PDF)
8774:(PDF)
8422:(PDF)
8330:(PDF)
8323:(PDF)
7943:S2CID
7583:S2CID
7487:S2CID
7447:S2CID
7064:(PDF)
6933:GovHK
6790:S2CID
6699:S2CID
6608:S2CID
6569:S2CID
6518:S2CID
6390:(PDF)
6161:(PDF)
5966:Notes
5844:NIEHS
5742:ASTDR
5590:China
5543:Italy
5457:China
5421:42.9
5413:India
5367:39.2
5360:China
5341:44.9
5334:China
5315:45.9
5308:China
5289:46.4
5282:China
5263:41.4
5256:China
5230:China
5217:Xi'an
5211:44.7
5185:18.2
5178:Nepal
5133:48.3
5107:40.6
5100:India
5081:39.7
5074:India
5055:53.3
5048:India
5035:Hapur
5029:40.4
5003:54.1
4996:India
4977:56.9
4970:India
4951:46.7
4925:53.5
4918:India
4905:Patna
4899:43.4
4873:54.2
4866:India
4847:13.5
4821:59.8
4814:India
4801:Delhi
4795:60.5
4788:India
4769:48.7
4749:Dhaka
4717:47.5
4697:Dubai
4691:64.6
4665:43.9
4639:2019
4636:2022
4590:India
4586:Dubai
4476:Perth
4440:in PM
4422:Omaha
4398:Miami
4327:Palma
3877:None
3855:None
3833:None
3817:Japan
3781:: 35
3751:None
3735:China
3729:None
3433:edema
2960:toxic
2945:GGBFS
2799:Brown
2774:Loess
2766:White
2755:Black
2744:White
2722:Color
2704:Shape
2675:like
2638:cilia
2577:lungs
2537:Emden
2515:South
2513:over
2398:CMIP6
2394:1990s
2290:with
2264:salts
2242:and H
2238:),HSO
2153:Cloud
2056:time.
1596:into
1411:glass
1407:ashes
1187:) of
1090:below
1088:(see
963:Lists
955:Waste
900:Paint
725:Water
577:Space
320:Noise
292:Ozone
257:Light
20942:LEED
20902:AMCA
20897:AHRI
20430:HEPA
20350:Flue
20275:Duct
19241:rail
19023:coal
18986:(US)
18638:Dust
18621:Misc
18040:Soil
17929:Rail
17915:Land
17759:Soot
17747:Smog
17663:Haze
17388:Fire
17225:Gale
17201:Wind
17043:Gale
16147:, PM
16038:2019
15891:ISBN
15871:ISBN
15847:PMID
15811:ISBN
15781:More
15769:PMID
15702:PMID
15429:2014
15402:2023
15361:ISSN
15308:PMID
15300:ISSN
15254:2015
15152:2009
15121:2009
15086:2009
14980:2016
14923:2015
14901:2015
14858:2015
14787:2015
14757:2013
14735:2015
14710:2013
14678:2018
14651:PMID
14606:2019
14465:PMID
14408:PMID
14363:PMID
14314:PMID
14261:PMID
14216:2020
14132:PMID
13954:PMID
13911:PMID
13860:PMID
13807:PMID
13751:2022
13727:PMID
13684:2022
13603:PMID
13543:PMID
13487:PMID
13461:JAMA
13435:PMID
13386:PMID
13337:PMID
13280:PMID
13223:PMID
13199:2014
13176:2017
13098:PMID
13030:PMID
12969:PMID
12926:PMID
12881:2022
12851:PMID
12800:ISBN
12754:PMID
12738:JAMA
12719:ISSN
12647:PMID
12604:PMID
12543:PMID
12485:PMID
12428:PMID
12388:PMID
12326:PMID
12271:PMID
12233:PMID
12173:PMID
12110:PMID
12058:PMID
11951:PMID
11900:PMID
11837:PMID
11780:PMID
11691:PMID
11646:2023
11638:香港01
11616:PMID
11551:PMID
11508:PMID
11187:PMID
11144:PMID
11126:ISSN
11087:PMID
11007:PMID
10818:link
10581:2021
10554:2009
10517:ISSN
10417:PMID
10366:PMID
10309:PMID
10228:2023
10109:2021
10082:2017
10052:2023
10040:NASA
10023:2023
10002:ISBN
9918:2007
9812:PMID
9794:ISSN
9759:2013
9631:2023
9624:NASA
9593:ISSN
9504:ISBN
9482:PMID
9464:ISSN
9408:PMID
9365:PMID
9104:PMID
9065:2012
8866:PMID
8812:2023
8786:2023
8497:PMID
8430:2016
8405:2016
8299:2012
8273:2008
8239:PMID
8194:2008
8160:PMID
8105:2008
7973:2022
7935:PMID
7868:PMID
7825:PMID
7723:ISBN
7671:PMID
7536:PMID
7477:ISBN
7439:PMID
7404:PMID
7349:PMID
7282:2024
7266:PMID
7258:ISSN
7196:PMID
7145:PMID
7043:PMID
6941:2024
6754:PMID
6691:ISSN
6652:PMID
6561:PMID
6510:PMID
6419:2018
6369:PMID
6351:ISSN
6295:2016
6265:2019
6232:PMID
6137:ISBN
5783:Dust
5578:NIER
5576:and
5574:NASA
5570:OECD
5418:35.5
5393:7.1
5390:35.9
5364:35.9
5312:36.1
5286:36.3
5260:36.4
5234:36.6
5208:40.2
5182:41.8
5152:Iran
5130:42.9
5104:43.5
5078:44.9
5052:45.7
5026:46.2
5000:46.4
4974:46.6
4922:47.9
4870:50.1
4844:51.1
4818:51.6
4792:53.9
4766:55.3
4740:60.5
4736:Iraq
4714:97.7
4688:98.1
4605:City
4325:and
4084:The
3992:Poor
3986:Fair
3983:Good
3964:The
3929:3-4
3907:: 1
3893:None
3827:None
3811:: 9
3764:None
3597:and
3595:IARC
3504:, a
3372:The
3256:and
3190:– PM
2957:more
2941:slag
2752:Soot
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